定语从句知识清单-2026届高三英语二轮复习

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统梳理了定语从句核心内容，涵盖基本概念、关系代词与关系副词用法、非限定性定语从句三大模块，构建了从基础定义到特殊规则的完整知识框架。 清单通过表格对比关系代词指代及成分功能，特设“只用that不用which”等5类特殊规则清单，以例句解析强化理解，培养学生精准辨析的思维品质。配套易混点对比（如关系副词与“介词+关系代词”转换），助力提升语言运用能力，教师可直接用于专题复习，提升备考效率。

定语从句（The Attributive Clause) 一．基本概念 A 定语是用来修饰，限定名词或代词的。 My father is a kind and hardworking man. 我的爸爸是一个善良勤劳的人。 B 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The man who wears a suit and a tie is my father. 那个穿西装打领带的人是我的爸爸。 C 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 二．关系词的分类 1.  关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as   2. 关系副词：when，where，why 3． 关系词的用法 （一）关系代词的用法（who,that,whom,which,whose） 先行词 主语 宾语 定语 指人 who,that whom(优先），who,that whose 指物 which,that which,that whose 1. 先行词指人：用who,that,whom,whose引导 先行词指人，who和that作主语和宾语，whom作宾语，whose作定语 He is the man who/that lives next door.（作主语） The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.（作宾语） 注意：先行词指人，并在定从中作宾语，用whom,who,that引导或省略关系代词。 He is the man whose car was stolen last week.（作定语） 2. 先行词指物：用which,that,whose引导 先行词指物，that和which作主语和宾语，whose作定语 The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.（作主语） Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week? （作宾语） 注意：先行词指物，并在定从中作宾语，可省略关系词 It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.（作定语） 关系词的选择1.找到定从2.判断先行词是人还是物3.先行词在从句中所作成分 只用that不用which的情况 1. 先行词出现all,every,much,some,a little,few,only,no,any,something,anything,nothing,everything时 Is there anything that I can do for you? 2. 出现序数词时 The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets. 3. 主句的疑问句已经出现了who或者which Which is the bike that you lost? 4. 先行词出现最高级的时候 That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in. 5. 先行词又有人有物的时候 They are talking about the teachers and schools that they have just visited. （二）关系副词 1．When，先行词指时间，在从句中作时间状语，用when=介词+which I remember the day when I meet him. I remember the day . I meet him on the day. 2. Where,先行词指地点，在从句中作地点状语，用where= 介词+which This is the farm where my father works. This is the farm. My father works on the farm. 3. why先行词指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，用why=for+which I give him the reason why I’m late. I’m late for the reason. 介词+关系代词的用法 先行词指人，介词+whom,先行词指物，介词+which 1. I remember the day on which I meet him. 2. The man with whom I speak is my English teacher. 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1． 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2． 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts 非限定性定语从句 关系词 who,whom,whose,when,where,which 关系代词which在非限制性定语从句，中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。 1 which指代主句中的名词 Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses. ② which指代主句中的形容词。 如:She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was. ③ which指代主句中的某个从句。 如:He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true. ④ which指代整个主句。 如:In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable. 在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的 注意： 1. 引导限制性定语从句时，关系代词which可以与that互换;但引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。 2. 先行词为reason时，限制性定语可以用why或for which来引导;非限制性定语从句则只能用for which来引导。 3. 引导限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中担任宾语时可以被省略;但引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词即使作宾语也不能省略。 4.引导限制性定语从句时并作从句宾语的关系代词whom可以用who来代替;但在非限制性定语从句中，whom就不能用who替换。 5.当非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时，其关系代词可以用as 和which，但位于句首不能用which，只能用as。此时非限制性定语从句可置于主句之前、之后或之中。 6. 由"介词+关系代词"引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句时，不能用as，只能用which。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $