2026年河南中考英语二轮语法复习课件：专题六介词

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦“介词”专项，系统覆盖时间、方位、方式等核心考点及介词短语搭配，对接中考说明分析考点权重，如时间介词in/on/at占比30%、方位介词in/on/to辨析占25%，并归纳选词填空、适当介词填空等常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点突破+中考真题+技巧指导”模式，通过2025年福建、四川等地中考改编题实战，结合助记口诀（如“年月周前要用in，具体日子要用on”）和表格对比（in/on/to表方位区别），培养学生语言运用能力与思维品质，助力掌握答题技巧，教师可依此制定高效复习计划，提升学生中考得分率。

专题六　介词 根据句意填适当的介词以完成句子 1.(2025·福建中考改编)—Do you like sports? —Sure.I am good 　at　 table tennis.  2.(2025·云南中考改编)Most students in our school go home 　by　 bus on weekends.  3.He was proud 　of　 his little sister when she won the speech contest.  4.A bird flew into the kitchen 　through　 the window.  5.The road 　between　 the two cities are newly built.  6.The teacher praised Jess because she did well 　in　 the English test.  选词填空 behind　without　with across　under　against 7.—Shall I help you 　across　 the street,Grandpa?   —No, thanks.I can manage it myself. 8.It’s so cold outside.Remember to close the door 　behind　 you when you leave.  9.All roads lead to Rome.The roads are just 　under　 your feet.  10.Our class are much sure to win the basketball game 　against　 Class Three.  11.People in the world should build a community 　with　 a shared future.  12.—Your English is good.Do you have any special ways to learn it? —No.Remember nothing can be learned 　without　 hard work.  01 思维·考点突破 考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 时间介词 介词是一类虚词, 不能独立作句子成分, 必须与名词、代词等词类一起构成介词短语, 才可以充当句子成分。 介词 用法 例词/句 in 用于上午、下午、晚上或年、月、季节、世纪等之前 in the morning 在上午 in 2024 在2024年 in March在3月 “in+时间段”表示“在……之后”, 常以现在为起点, 用于一般将来时 There will be more cars in ten years. 十年后将会有更多的小汽车。 介词 用法 例词/句 on 后接具体的节日、日期、星期几或某一天的上午、下午或晚上, 或用于有形容词修饰的某一天等 on September 10th　在9月10日 on the morning of May 1st　在5月1日上午 on a rainy morning　在一个下雨的早上 at 表示某一具体的时刻或短暂的时间点 at six o’clock在6点钟 at noon在中午 at midnight在半夜 by 后接时间时, 表示“不迟于” (相当于 no later than...) by then 到那时 by 10:00 p.m. 不迟于晚上 10 点钟 介词 用法 例词/句 before 表示“在……之前”, 指动作发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前, 常用于过去完成时和一般将来时, 后面一般接时间点 I’ll get to Australia before 12:00. 我将于 12 点之前到达澳大利亚。 after 表示“在……之后”, 常用于一般将来时和一般过去时 After two years, she entered Peking University. 两年后, 她考入了北京大学。 for 后接一段时间, 常用于完成时态 She has worked here for five years. 她在这儿工作五年了。 介词 用法 例词/句 since 表示“自从……”, 后接(过去的)时间点, 常用于完成时态 I have stayed in China since 1995. 自从1995年以来, 我一直待在中国。 from 表示“从……(时间或地点) 起”, 常与to或till连用 My father goes to work from Monday to Friday. 从星期一到星期五, 我父亲都要去上班。 during 表示“在……期间” I enjoyed myself during the summer vacation. 我在暑假期间玩得很高兴。 until 表示“直到……为止”, 常用于not... until... 表示“直到……才……” I won’t leave until 9:00 a.m. 直到上午9点, 我才会离开。 in, on和at 年月周前要用in, 具体日子要用on; 上午下午要用in, 某日上下午in换on; at用在时刻前, 亦与正午、午夜连; 黎明终止和开端, at与之紧相伴; 今明昨天前后天, 上下这那每之前, at, in, on都不填, 此乃习惯记心间。 选词填空 from　after　until　during　since　in　on　at 1.(2025·四川成都中考改编)Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong 　on　 February 19th, 2025.  2.For many Western people, they drink cold water even　in　 winter.  3.With the teachers’ help, we have greatly improved ourselves 　since　 we entered junior high schools three years ago.  4.I didn’t leave home 　until　 5 o’clock.  from　after　until　during　since　in　on　at 5.　At　 the beginning of the book, there’s a short introduction to the author.  6.We usually take a vacation 　from　 July to August.  7.He fell asleep 　during　 the movie.  8.Tuesday comes 　after　 Monday.  考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 方位介词 介词 用法 例词/句 in 在……里面 in the village 在村子里 在较大的地方(国家、城市等) in China在中国 in Beijing在北京 在某地区(包含关系)的某一方位 China is in the east of Asia. 中国在亚洲东部。 on 在(与某地接壤的)某一方位 Sichuan is on the north of Yunnan. 四川在云南的北边。(接壤) (表示方向)在 on the left/right在左/右边 在……上面(两者有接触面) on the desk在书桌上 介词 用法 例词/句 to 向,朝,到,往 go to Shanghai去上海 在(某地范围之外的某个方位,不接壤) Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国东部。 at 在……(与小地点连用) at No. 15, Jianguo Street在建国街15号 在……旁边 at the table在桌子旁边 under 在……(正)下面 The basketball is under my desk. 篮球在我的书桌下面。 below 在……下面 Please don’t write below this line. 请不要在这条线下面书写。 介词 用法 例词/句 behind 在……后面 Tina stood behind me. 蒂娜站在我身后。 outside 在……外面 You can play sports outside the house. 你可以在房子外边进行体育运动。 inside 在……里面 We have to play inside the house because of the rain. 因为下雨, 我们不得不在屋内玩。 in front of 在……的前面(指在物体外部的前面) The teacher is standing in front of the students. 老师正站在同学们的前面。 介词 用法 例词/句 in the front of 在……的前面(指在某一空间内的前面) The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom. 老师正站在教室的前面。 above 在……上方(不一定是正上方) There are some lights above my head. 我的头上方有一些灯。 介词 用法 例词/句 over 在……正上方 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。 侧重越过一段距离或度过一段时间等 The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the deserts, over the mountains, through the valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. 长城从西向东蜿蜒而行, 穿过沙漠, 越过高山, 穿过山谷, 最后直达大海。 across “横穿”, 强调从物体表面的一边穿越到另一边 through 指从某个立体空间内穿过 介词 用法 例词/句 between 指介于两者之间;后接三者或三者以上的人或事物时, 指每两者之间, 常与and连用 The boy is sitting between his parents. 这个男孩坐在他父母中间。 among “在……中”,用于三者或三者以上的中间, 通常表示某个范围 The girl walks among the crowds. 这个女孩走在人群中。 beside 在……旁边 The station is beside our school. 车站在我们学校旁边。 介词 用法 例词/句 near 在……附近(距离稍远些) There is a supermarket near my house. 我家附近有一个超市。 against 倚着, 靠着 against the wall靠在墙边 opposite 在……的对面 The bank is opposite the supermarket. 银行在超市的正对面。 beyond 在……更远的一边;超出;非……所能及 The road continues beyond the village up into the hills. 那条路经过村子后又往上延伸到群山中。 选词填空 between　on　in　opposite　among　above 1.(2025·江苏扬州中考改编)The best things 　in　 life are free, like hugs, smiles, love and good memories.  2.He lifted his hands 　above　 his head.  3.　On　 the right of the supermarket is a big city park.  4.The store is 　opposite　 the bank.  5.The little girl is standing 　between　 her father and mother.  6.Tim is a sports star and he is popular 　among　 his classmates.  用适当的介词填空 7.There is a stone bridge 　over　 the river, and it has stood for 100 years.  8.Let’s meet 　at　 the school gate at 3:00 this afternoon.  9.Our classroom is next 　to　 the library.  10.We set up a tent 　by　 the river side and enjoyed the sound of flowing water all night.  考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 方式介词 介词 用法 例词/句 in 表示“用”某种方式(语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等) Can you sing this song in Chinese?你能用中文唱这首歌吗? in this/that way这样/那样 with 表示“用”某种工具、手段, 一般接具体的工具或手段 I write with a pen. 我用钢笔写字。 介词 用法 例词/句 by 后接交通工具, 表示“乘, 骑” by plane/air乘飞机 by boat乘船 I go there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去那儿。 后接动词的-ing形式, 表示“通过……方式” She makes a living by selling clothes. 她以卖衣服为生。 on 意为“通过, 用”, 表示做事的方式 on foot步行 on the phone打电话 on TV在电视上 through 意为“以, 凭借” You can only achieve success through hard work. 你只有通过努力才能成功。 by, in, on表交通 介词用来表交通, 常把by、in、on来用; 限定复数用in/on, by直通海陆空; 骑马、骑车惯用on, 小轿车前in才通。 选词填空 through　with　as　in　by 1.I prefer to learn English 　by　 watching movies.  2.My mother cut the cake 　with　 a knife and gave me a big piece.  3.They talked 　in　 a low voice in order not to wake up the baby.  4.　Through　 5 months’ hard work, we finally succeeded.  5.My cousin works 　as　 a teacher in a middle school.  考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 其他介词 介词 用法 例词/句 about 关于;对于 What is your excuse about your being late?你迟到的理由是什么? like 像(用于说明相似关 系, 实际上不是) He talked to me like my father. 他像父亲一样跟我谈话。(他不是我父亲) look like...看起来像…… as 作为……(后跟表示职业、职务等的名词) He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我说话。(他是我父亲) 介词 用法 例词/句 without 没有 He left without saying a word. 他什么也没说就离开了。 within 在……之内 You should receive a reply within seven days. 你应该在七天之内收到答复。 for 为了(表示目的) I came here for my bag. 我来这儿取包。 of ……的 This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我的全家福。 including 包括 There are ten students, including you. 包括你, 有10个学生。 介词 用法 例词/句 with 和……一起;具有,带 有;随着 I went shopping with Tina. 我和蒂娜去购物了。 against 反对;违背;碰, 撞;逆;以……为背景, 衬托 They are strongly against the idea. 他们强烈反对这个主意。 against one’s will违背某人的意愿 against the wind逆风 against the sky在天空的映衬下 介词 用法 例词/句 except 除……之外(不包括所提及的人或物) Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Bob, because he was ill. 除了鲍勃, 大家都去故宫博物院了, 因为他生病了。(Bob没有去) besides 除……之外(还)(包括所提及的人或物) Besides Bob, everyone went to the Palace Museum. 除了鲍勃, 大家也去故宫博物院了。(Bob去了) to 向, 给, 对 He gave it to his sister. 他把它给了他的妹妹。 选词填空 without　including　besides　of like　against　except 1.The T-shirts made 　of　 cotton are quite comfortable.  2.It’s impolite to come in other people’s room 　without　 knocking at the door.  3.I felt a little tired while waiting there, so I stood 　against　 the wall to have a rest.  4.We learn math and English 　besides　 Chinese.  5.Everyone agrees to the plan 　except　 John because he thinks it’s not easy to carry out.  6.He has visited 6 European countries,　including　 Italy and Germany.  7.The boy is jumping in the tree 　like　 a monkey.  without　including　besides　of like　against　except 考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 介词短语 1.介词与名词的常用搭配 类型 示例 in+名词 in English用英语　in surprise惊奇地 in danger处于危险中　in public公开 in bed在床上　in order有序的 at+名词 at night在夜晚　at present目前 at school在学校　at noon在中午 at work在工作 类型 示例 on+名词 on show在展出　on duty值日,值班 on vacation在度假　on fire着火 of+名词 of importance重要　of value有价值 under+名词 under control在控制中 to+名词 to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是 by+名词 by hand手工　by bike骑自行车 with+名词 with pleasure愉快地 out of+名词 out of sight看不见 out of danger脱离危险 名词+介词 the answer to... ……的答案 the key to... ……的钥匙 2.介词与动词的常用搭配 类型 示例 动词+in fill in填写　hand in上交 动词+on put on穿上　get on上车 动词+at laugh at嘲笑　shout at冲……大叫 look at看　knock at敲…… 动词+to listen to听　get to到达 write to写信给…… 动词+of hear of听说　think of认为 类型 示例 动词+for look for寻找　ask for询问 leave for 前往 动词+off get off下车　put off推迟 动词+about talk about谈论　worry about担忧 动词+from learn from向……学习 hear from收到……的来信 动词+with talk with和……谈话　deal with处理 动词+after look after照顾 3.介词与形容词的常用搭配 类型 示例 形容词+in be interested in对……感兴趣 be poor in缺乏…… 形容词+at be good at对……擅长 形容词+of be afraid of对……害怕 be full of充满…… be proud of对……感到骄傲 形容词+to be similar to与……相似 be close to与……接近 类型 示例 形容词+from be different from与……不同 be free from免于…… 形容词+about be worried about对……担心 形容词+with be strict with对……严格 be busy with忙于…… 形容词+for be famous for因……而著名 be good for对……有好处 用适当的介词填空 1.(2025·福建中考改编)Sue looked at her son 　in　 surprise.She couldn’t believe that he won the game.  2.Parents’ behavior can have a great influence 　on　 their children’s character.  3.Many wild animals are 　in　 danger and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.  4.There are a lot of ways to keep healthy.　For　 example, we can do more exercise and eat less junk food.  5.I took your umbrella 　by　 mistake this morning. I’m sorry about that.  6.My teacher is pleased 　with　 my test results and praised me for it.  7.—Good news! You’ve passed the P.E.test. —Hooray!To be honest, I was worried 　about　 it.  8.Please pay attention 　to　the safety instructions before we start the experiment.  9.My parents always take pride 　in　 my achievements, no matter how small they are.  10.The letters “PRC” stand 　for　 the People’s Republic of China.  02 诊断·语法过关 一、用适当的介词填空 1.(2025·江苏扬州中考改编)He wouldn’t allow bad moods to get 　in　 the way when he was doing his job.  2.I am talented 　in　 music, while my best friend is good 　at　 painting.  3.Your dream job is similar 　to　 mine, but different 　from　 Larry’s.  4.He sometimes lied to us. 　As　 a result, no one would believe him.  5.—　In　 my opinion, there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered.  —I agree 　with　 you.The universe is so large after all.  6.—Excuse me.Could you tell me the way 　to　 the bookstore?  —Go 　down/along　 this street and turn left at the first crossing.  二、语篇填空(介词专项练) A (2025·内蒙古中考改编) of　from　about　at　with among　over　as　in　for Joss Naylor is a sheep farmer from the Lake District.1.　Among　 most people, his name means little, but in certain circles, he is known as one of the finest mountain runners to have ever lived.  Joss lives and breathes mountains.He has lived and farmed all his life in an area of the Lake District which has many mountains, including the tallest mountain 2.　in　England.Joss has an almost superhuman ability to run at speed 3.　over　mountains.However, he wasn’t always a mountain runner. 4.　As　 a young man, he was advised to give up farming because of serious back problems.But, when he was 24, he was tired 5.　of　 being told to take it easy.  Nothing can stop a good man 6.　from　 being better! He continued working and took up running.When he ran his first mountain race, he discovered that he fell in love 7.　with　 it.All his time spent herding(放牧) sheep on the mountains had prepared him for this.  His achievements are nothing short of famous.8.　For　 example, he broke his own record and set a new one.9.　At　 the age of 49, he ran up 214 mountains.“It is a wonderful experience though the practice is very hard,” he said.Many of his runs have raised money for charity, and he is popular in the community.  He keeps writing and sharing his experiences 10.　about　 his climb.“I want people back home—especially family and friends who support me—to get a real feel for what it’s like,” he said.  B (2025·四川眉山中考改编) Pink Lily We are planning to add some food servers to our team.Pink Lily is a 5-star Restaurant.We are looking 11.　for　 friendly and energetic people to join us!  Requirements 1.Team spirit is needed. 2.No experience is OK.We will provide you 12.　with　 training.  3.Part-time positions are open to teens 13.　between　 16 and 18 years old.  Salary $50—$80 a day How to apply We will take applications online at www.pinklily.com 14.　from　 June 15 to June 30, 2025.  We look forward 15.　to　meeting you soon!  $