2026年中考预测英语【时文阅读】格陵兰岛

格陵兰岛 Greenland, the world’s largest island, lies in the northeastern part of North America, between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. It is an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark. Though its name means "green land," over 84% of its vast 2.166 million square kilometers is covered by a thick ice sheet. Yet, this icy land holds a special charm that attracts people from all over the world. Here, the climate is typically cold, as most of the island lies within the Arctic Circle（北极圈）. Winters are long and freezing, with temperatures dropping to nearly-70° C in some inland areas. Summers are short and cool, though the southern coast turns a little warmer, revealing patches of green grass. The polar day and polar night are unique: in the far north, summer brings months of continuous sunlight, while winter is a time of prolonged darkness. Greenland is a paradise for wildlife, where polar bears wander across the ice, reindeer roam the valleys, and rare Arctic birds fill the sky. The island is also rich in natural resources, such as oil, rare earth minerals（稀土矿）,and cryolite（冰晶石）For thousands of years, the Inuit people（因纽特人） have called this place home, living by fishing and hunting. Their rich cultural traditions, including drum dances and songs, have been passed down for generations. Beyond its natural beauty and resources, Greenland holds great strategic value. Its location makes it key to monitoring Arctic shipping routes（北极航道）, which are becoming more accessible as sea ice melts. It also plays a vital role in scientific research, particularly in climate change and Arctic ecosystem（生态系统）studies. Today, Greenland has become a popular destination for adventurous travelers. Visitors can explore magnificent glaciers, go dog-sledding, or visit small Inuit villages to experience local life. Top attractions include the Northeast Greenland National Park-one of the world's largest-and the Ilulissat Icefjord（伊路利萨特冰湾）, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Greenland is more than just an icy island - it's a land of natural wonders and rich culture. It reminds us of both the beauty and fragility of our planet, urging us to learn more about and protect this special corner of the world. 阅读理解 1. What can we know about Greenland from Paragraph 1? A. It is part of the North American continent B. It is a completely independent country C. It is covered by ice sheet in most areas D. It has no charm for people around the world 2. Why does the author mention "polar day and polar night" in Paragraph 2? A. It is a latest change of Greenland's climate B. It is a unique natural phenomenon of Greenland C. It is the reason why Greenland's summer is short D. It is the reason why Greenland's climate is cold 3. The underlined word "prolonged" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____________. A. long-lasting B. sudden C. short D. clean 4. What do the Inuit people mainly rely on for their living? A. Oil and rare earth minerals B. Fishing and hunting C. Drum dances and songs D. Dog-sledding and travel 5. Greenland is important for monitoring Arctic shipping routes because of ____________. A. its rich natural resources B. its cold climate C. its special location D. its cultural traditions 完形填空 Greenland, known as Kalaallit Nunaat （"the land of the people"） in the local language, is the world’s largest island with a small population of around 58,000. Unlike its 1_____ name, most of the island is covered by thick ice, and people only live along the coastal areas. The Inuit, who have called this place home for thousands of years, have 2_____ themselves to the harsh Arctic environment through hunting and fishing. Today, Greenland’s way of life is changing. While traditional hunting still provides food for some families, it is no longer the main 3_____ of income for most people. The island's economy now depends 4_____ on fish exports, which make up 90% of its revenue. Tourism is also growing fast, with visitors coming to experience iceberg watching, dog sledding and the unique local culture. Climate change brings both challenges and 5_____ to Greenland. Melting ice opens new shipping routes but also 6_____ the Inuit's hunting traditions. Meanwhile, the island’s strategic location and rich mineral resources have drawn global 7_____. Despite being self- governing, Greenland still works with Denmark on foreign affairs and defense. Preserving Inuit culture is another key 8_____. Younger generations are choosing modern jobs over traditional hunting, so efforts are being made to 9_____ their language and cultural traditions. Greenland is more than an icy island-it's a place where ancient traditions and modern life 10_____ in a rapidly changing world. 1. A. green B. white C. cold D. big 2. A. helped B. adapted C. enjoyed D. taught 3. A. source B. form C. kind D. part 4. A. mainly B. slightly C. suddenly D. hardly 5. A. dreams B. chances C. plans D. jobs 6. A. protects B. improves C. threatens D. follows 7. A. attention B. money C. food D. service 8. A. test B. task C. goal D. challenge 9. A. find B. save C. share D. record 10. A. mix B. fight C. compare D. meet 短文填空 Greenland, the world’s largest island, is an autonomous territory of Denmark. Covering about 2.17 million square kilometers, it 1 _____ （lie） in the Arctic region where most areas are frozen all year round. The local Inuit people 2_____（preserve） their unique culture for centuries, with fishing and hunting as their traditional ways of life. Climate change has become a major challenge for Greenland. Its ice sheet is melting even in winter, 3 _____ speeds up global sea-level rise. The warming trend, which is nearly four times faster than the world average,4______ （threaten）the habitats of Arctic animals like polar bears. However, the island also has rich mineral resources and 5_____ growing tourism industry, bringing new development chances. Kalaallisut, the official language of Greenland, 6 _____ （carry） a wealth of ecological and cultural knowledge. Traditional drum dances and songs, added to UNESCO’s Intangible Heritage List in 2021, are 7 _____ （active） passed down to younger generations. The local government is making efforts to balance economic growth 8 _____ environmental protection. Today, Greenland is facing both difficulties and hopes.9 _____ （it） unique natural scenery and cultural heritage attract visitors worldwide. The Inuit people are using their wisdom 10 _____ （adapt） to changes, working hard to build a sustainable future for their homeland. 参考答案 （一）阅读理解 1.C 解析：第一段提到 “over 84% of its vast...is covered by a thick ice sheet”，C 项 “大部分地区被冰盖覆盖” 符合原文。A（是北美大陆的一部分）错误，原文说 “northeastern part of North America”（北美东北部，非大陆一部分）；B（完全独立国家）错误，原文是 “autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark”（丹麦自治领土）；D（对全世界人无吸引力）错误，原文说 “attracts people from all over the world”。 2.B 解析：第二段明确说 “The polar day and polar night are unique”，提到极昼极夜是为了说明其 “独特自然现象”，故选 B。A（最新气候变化）、C（夏天短的原因）、D（气候冷的原因）均未提及。 3.A 解析：前文 “summer brings months of continuous sunlight”（夏天数月极昼），对应 “winter is a time of prolonged darkness”（冬天长时间黑暗），“prolonged” 与 “long-lasting（持久的）” 同义。B（突然的）、C（短的）、D（干净的）均不符合语境。 4.B 解析：第三段提到 “the Inuit people...have been passed down for generations”，明确因纽特人靠 “捕鱼和狩猎” 为生，故选 B。A（石油和稀土矿）是自然资源，非生计来源；C（鼓舞和歌曲）是文化传统；D（狗拉雪橇和旅游）是现代旅游项目。 5.C 解析：第四段说 “Its location makes it key to monitoring Arctic shipping routes”，即 “特殊位置” 使其成为监测北极航道的关键，故选 C。A（丰富自然资源）、B（寒冷气候）、D（文化传统）均与监测航道无关。 （二）完形填空 1.A 解析：前文提到 “its name means 'green land'”，但实际大部分是冰，形成对比，故选 A（green）。B（白色的）、C（寒冷的）、D（大的）均未体现 “名字与实际的反差”。 2.B 解析：“adapt oneself to” 为固定搭配，意为 “使自己适应……”，符合因纽特人 “适应北极恶劣环境” 的语境。A（帮助）、C（享受）、D（教）均无 “适应” 含义。 3.A 解析：“source of income” 为固定搭配，意为 “收入来源”，符合语境 “传统狩猎不再是主要收入来源”。B（形式）、C（种类）、D（部分）均搭配不当。 4.A 解析：后文 “fish exports, which make up 90% of its revenue”（鱼出口占收入 90%），说明经济 “主要” 依赖鱼出口，故选 A（mainly）。B（轻微地）、C（突然地）、D（几乎不）均与 “90%” 矛盾。 5.B 解析：与 “challenges（挑战）” 并列，指气候变化带来的 “机会”，B 项 “chances（机会）” 符合语境。A（梦想）、C（计划）、D（工作）均无 “机遇” 含义。 6.C 解析：前文 “melting ice opens new shipping routes but also...”（融冰带来新航道，但也……），转折后应是 “威胁传统狩猎”，故选 C（threatens）。A（保护）、B（改善）、D（跟随）均不符合转折逻辑。 7.A 解析：“draw global attention” 为固定搭配，意为 “吸引全球关注”，符合 “战略位置和矿产资源” 的影响力。B（钱）、C（食物）、D（服务）均搭配不当。 8.D 解析：后文 “younger generations are choosing modern jobs over traditional hunting”（年轻人选择现代工作，放弃传统狩猎），说明 “保护因纽特文化” 是 “关键挑战”，故选 D（challenge）。A（测试）、B（任务）、C（目标）均无 “困难” 含义。 9.B 解析：结合 “保护文化” 的挑战，需 “拯救语言和传统”，B 项 “save（拯救）” 符合语境。A（找到）、C（分享）、D（记录）均未体现 “挽救濒危文化” 的紧迫性。 10.A 解析：语境指 “古老传统与现代生活共存”，A 项 “mix（混合）” 符合语义。B（斗争）、C（比较）、D（遇见）均无 “融合共存” 含义。 （三）语篇填空 1.lies 解析：主语 “it”（格陵兰岛）为单数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填 lies。 2.have preserved 解析：“for centuries” 为现在完成时标志，主语 “the local Inuit people” 为复数，故填 have preserved。 3.which 解析：非限制性定语从句，指代前文 “its ice sheet is melting even in winter”（冰盖冬季也在融化），关系词在从句中作主语，故填 which。 4.is threatening 解析：前文 “the warming trend, which is nearly four times faster than the world average”（变暖趋势是全球平均的四倍），说明当前正在发生的影响，用现在进行时，故填 is threatening。 5.a 解析：“growing tourism industry” 为可数名词单数，表泛指，故填 a。 6.carries 解析：主语 “Kalaallisut（格陵兰官方语言）” 为单数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填 carries（承载知识）。 7.actively 解析：修饰动词 “passed down（传承）”，用副词形式，故填 actively。 8.with 解析：“balance...with...” 为固定搭配，意为 “平衡…… 与……”，故填 with。 9.Its 解析：修饰名词 “unique natural scenery and cultural heritage”，用形容词性物主代词，故填 Its（注意首字母大写）。 10.to adapt 解析：“use wisdom to do sth.” 为固定搭配，意为 “用智慧做某事”，故填 to adapt。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $