Units1～4单元课文翻译 - 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语学习任务单涵盖志愿者工作、肢体语言、中国动画、中国绘画四大主题，每个单元通过Reading语篇阅读、文化聚焦板块及跨学科连接内容构建学习支架，帮助学生从语言理解逐步过渡到文化认知再到跨学科知识拓展。 资料以中英对照为基础提升语言能力，融入中外文化对比（如北欧与亚洲眼神交流差异）增强文化意识，跨学科内容（如献血知识、中国手语）培养思维品质，结构清晰助力学习能力发展，适合课堂教学与自主学习，有效提升综合素养。

沪教8下课文及翻译 Unit1 reading Voluntary work（志愿者工作） Dong Lili 39 minutes ago I saw a notice for voluntary work at the children’s hospital, so my best friend and I offered to help. The children there all suffer from serious diseases like cancer. Some of them were very sad. We wanted to cheer them up with some fun activities. For example, we organized a painting competition to raise their spirits. I met a girl called Jin Ya. She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. However, she could not go there herself, so I went to the park and took some photos. Jin Ya used them for her painting. Wang Jie yesterday My mother and I met some children with no parents. The children were quiet and unhappy. We encouraged them to tell stories from their own life. This helps them express their feelings. One child said, “My friends don’t understand my pain. Sometimes I feel like I don’t belong anywhere.” We spent time with a girl called Liu Yun. Her parents died in a car accident, so she is very lonely. She is really unhappy and needs someone to talk to. My mother and I will continue to visit Liu Yun in our spare time. Ding Ling 3 days ago I volunteered to help disabled children. Some of them have difficulty moving around and taking part in social activities. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy. I met a boy called Su Le. He lost his leg in an accident two months ago. Football is his favourite sport, and he was in low spirits because he could not play it any more. We can help children like Su Le feel more positive after an accident. I will continue to do voluntary work in the future. 中文翻译： 志愿者工作 董丽丽 39分钟前 我在儿童医院看到一则志愿者招募通知，于是我和我最好的朋友主动提出帮忙。那里的孩子都患有像癌症这样的严重疾病。有些孩子非常悲伤。我们想通过一些有趣的活动让他们振作起来。例如，我们组织了一场绘画比赛来鼓舞他们的精神。 我遇到了一个叫金雅的女孩。她想画一幅她家附近公园的画。然而，她自己不能去那里，所以我去了公园拍了一些照片。金雅用这些照片来画画。 王杰 昨天 我和妈妈遇到了一些没有父母的孩子。这些孩子沉默寡言，不开心。我们鼓励他们讲述自己生活中的故事。这有助于他们表达情感。一个孩子说：“我的朋友们不理解我的痛苦。有时我觉得自己无处可归。” 我们花时间陪伴一个叫刘云的女孩。她的父母在一次车祸中去世了，所以她非常孤独。她真的很不开心，需要有人倾诉。我和妈妈会在空闲时间继续探望刘云。 丁玲 3天前 我自愿帮助残疾儿童。他们中有些人在行动和参与社交活动方面有困难。我教他们唱歌，因为音乐能给他们带来快乐。 我遇到了一个叫苏乐的男孩。他在两个月前的一次事故中失去了一条腿。足球是他最喜爱的运动，他情绪低落因为他再也不能踢球了。我们可以帮助像苏乐这样的孩子在事故后感到更积极。未来我将继续从事志愿者工作。 如果需要我将这些内容制作成中英对照学习卡片或课文笔记格式，我也可以为你整理。 Unit1 Focusing on culture Four poems about kindness（四首关于善良的诗） 英文原文： Four poems about kindness 1) Little things by Julia Abigail Fletcher Carney Little drops of water, Little grains of sand, Make the mighty ocean And the pleasant land. Little deeds of kindness, Little words of love, Help make earth happy Like the heaven above. 2) Kind hearts are the gardens by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Kind hearts are the gardens, Kind thoughts are the roots, Kind words are the flowers, Kind deeds are the fruits. Take care of your garden, And keep out the weeds, Fill it with sunshine, Kind words, and kind deeds. 3) If I can stop one heart from breaking by Emily Dickinson If I can stop one heart from breaking, I shall not live in vain; If I can ease one life the aching, Or cool one pain, Or help one fainting robin Unto his nest again, I shall not live in vain. 4) I know you are feeling sad (author unknown) I know you are feeling sad, Because things aren’t going right. Though I can’t be with you there, I want you to know how much I care. So I wrote this little poem for you. I hope it will help you to continue. 中文翻译： 四首关于善良的诗 小事 作者：朱莉娅·阿比盖尔·弗莱彻·卡尼 小小水滴， 细细沙粒， 汇成浩瀚海洋， 构成美好大地。 小小善行， 轻轻爱语， 让世界充满欢乐， 如天堂般美丽。 2) 善良的心是花园 作者：亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗 善良的心是花园， 善念是根， 善言是花， 善行是果。 照顾好你的花园， 除去杂草， 让它充满阳光， 善言与善行。 3) 如果我能让一颗心免于破碎 作者：艾米莉·狄金森 如果我能让一颗心免于破碎， 我便没有白活； 如果我能减轻一个生命的痛苦， 或缓解一份疼痛， 或帮助一只昏厥的知更鸟 重回它的巢中， 我便没有白活。 4) 我知道你正感到悲伤 （作者未知） 我知道你正感到悲伤， 因为事事不顺心。 虽然我不能在你身边， 但我想让你知道我有多在乎。 所以我为你写了这首小诗。 希望它能助你继续前行。 Unit1 Cross-curricular connection Blood donation（献血） 英文原文： Blood donation Why donate blood? Donating blood saves lives. About one in seven people in hospital need blood in order to get better or even survive. Therefore, a blood donation can be a life-giving gift for someone. Who can donate blood? In many countries, a person needs to be healthy and older than 18 to donate blood. Blood donors should also weigh at least 50 kg. What are the different blood types? It is important to know a person’s blood type before they donate or receive blood. Most countries use the ABO system to group blood types. There are four main blood groups in this system: A, B, O, and AB. Type O is the “universal donor”. This means that people of any ABO blood type can accept Type O red blood cells. Type AB is the “universal recipient”. People with this type of blood can usually receive red blood cells from donors with any ABO blood type. What is World Blood Donor Day? World Blood Donor Day (WBDD) is celebrated every year on 14 June. This date is the birthday of the Nobel Prize winner Karl Landsteiner. He discovered the ABO blood group system. 中文翻译： 献血 为什么要献血？ 献血能挽救生命。大约每七名住院病人中就有一人需要输血才能好转甚至存活。因此，献血对某人来说可能是一份救命的礼物。 谁能献血？ 在许多国家，献血者必须健康且年满18岁。献血者体重也应至少达到50公斤。 有哪些不同的血型？ 在献血或受血前了解一个人的血型很重要。大多数国家使用ABO系统来划分血型。该系统有四种主要血型：A型、B型、O型和AB型。 O型是“万能供血者”。这意味着任何ABO血型的人都可以接受O型红细胞。 AB型是“万能受血者”。拥有这种血型的人通常可以接受任何ABO血型捐献者的红细胞。 什么是世界献血者日？ 世界献血者日（WBDD）在每年的6月14日庆祝。这个日期是诺贝尔奖获得者卡尔·兰德施泰纳的生日。他发现了ABO血型系统。 沪教8下二单元课文及翻译 Unit2 reading Body language matters!（肢体语言很重要！） 英文原文： Body language matters! Li Lele and Wang Haoran are university students. They both have part-time jobs at a travel company. A well-dressed lady entered the office. She looked at Li Lele and Wang Haoran, and then walked over to Lele. Lele looked excited. “Good morning, madam!” she said cheerfully. Haoran sighed and walked away. “What’s the matter?” asked Mr Yang, the boss. “People always choose Lele instead of me. I don’t understand.” “I do. It’s the way you communicate.” “How can that be?” Haoran asked. “I don’t get a chance to speak.” “Communicating means more than just speaking. Your body language is important too.” “Body language?” “It’s the way you stand and sit. It’s your gestures and the expressions on your face. Your whole appearance communicates things. You don’t give people a good impression, Haoran. You look down, you never smile, and you don’t turn your head towards them. Look at Lele. She’s holding her head up. She always smiles and looks friendly. Her body language is making people feel welcome, so they go to her for help.” Haoran observed Lele carefully for a while and then decided to improve his own body language. He sat up straight and tried smiling at people. Minutes later, a beautiful girl entered. She walked over to Haoran. A few moments later she left with a smile. Mr Yang came over at once and said, “You made a good impression on her, Haoran.” “That was my sister,” said Haoran. “She wanted to remind me that tomorrow is her birthday.” 中文翻译： 肢体语言很重要！ 李乐乐和王浩然是大学生。他们都在一家旅游公司做兼职。 一位穿着得体的女士走进办公室。她看了看李乐乐和王浩然，然后走向乐乐。乐乐看起来很兴奋。“早上好，女士！”她愉快地说。 浩然叹了口气走开了。 “怎么了？”老板杨先生问道。 “人们总是选乐乐而不是我。我不明白。” “我明白。是你的交流方式有问题。” “怎么会呢？”浩然问，“我连说话的机会都没有。” “交流不仅仅是说话。你的肢体语言也很重要。” “肢体语言？” “就是你站立和坐姿的方式。是你的手势和脸上的表情。你的整个外表都在传达信息。你没有给人留下好印象，浩然。你低着头，从不微笑，也不把头转向他们。 看看乐乐。她昂着头。她总是面带微笑，看起来很友好。她的肢体语言让人感到受欢迎，所以他们都找她帮忙。” 浩然仔细观察了乐乐一会儿，然后决定改进自己的肢体语言。他坐直身子，试着对人微笑。 几分钟后，一个漂亮的女孩走了进来。她走向浩然。片刻之后，她微笑着离开了。 杨先生立刻走过来说：“你给她留下了好印象，浩然。” “那是我妹妹，”浩然说，“她想提醒我明天是她的生日。” Unit2 Focusing on culture How does eye contact work?（眼神交流是如何起作用的？） 英文原文： How does eye contact work? Eye contact means looking into another person's eyes. It is a very important part of body language. You may avoid looking someone in the eye when talking with them because you are shy. But in many cases, eye contact is the key to good communication. You can show friendliness, interest and understanding through eye contact. Eye contact can mean different things in different places. For example, in northern Europe, direct eye contact is a sign that you are truly interested in what the other person is saying. If you look down and avoid eye contact, a northern European may think you are not listening to what they are saying. However, in many Asian countries, looking down when talking with an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite. These differences can cause problems. Suppose that an East Asian woman meets a person from northern Europe for the first time. If she avoids direct eye contact during the conversation, the northern European may think her behaviour is strange. He or she may even believe that the woman is lying, or that she is not confident. In fact, the East Asian woman is most likely showing respect and being polite. Avoiding eye contact can cause problems, but too much eye contact is not polite either. In many countries, looking at other people for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel uncomfortable. 中文翻译： 眼神交流是如何起作用的？ 眼神交流是指看着另一个人的眼睛。它是肢体语言中非常重要的一部分。你可能会因为害羞而在与人交谈时避免直视对方的眼睛。但在许多情况下，眼神交流是良好沟通的关键。你可以通过眼神交流表现出友好、兴趣和理解。 眼神交流在不同地方可能有不同的含义。例如，在北欧，直接的眼神交流表示你真正对对方说的话感兴趣。如果你低头并避免眼神交流，北欧人可能会认为你没有在听他们说话。 然而，在许多亚洲国家，与长辈（如老师或父母）交谈时低头是礼貌的表现。 这些差异可能会导致问题。假设一位东亚女性第一次见到一位北欧人。如果她在交谈中避免直接的眼神交流，北欧人可能会认为她的行为很奇怪。他或她甚至可能认为这位女性在撒谎，或者她缺乏自信。事实上，这位东亚女性很可能是在表示尊重和礼貌。 避免眼神交流可能会引起问题，但过多的眼神交流也不礼貌。在许多国家，长时间看着别人是不礼貌的。这可能会让他们感到不舒服。 Unit2 Cross-curricular connection Chinese Sign Language（中国手语） 英文原文： Chinese Sign Language Sign language is a system of communication for deaf people. It uses a mix of hand signs, facial expressions and hand movements. People from different parts of the world use different sign languages. Sign language is not simply a "silent version" of any spoken language. There is often a strong relationship between a country's sign language and its culture. In China, the official sign language is Chinese Sign Language (CSL). Here are some simplified examples of signs from CSL: - Yes – Cross your index finger and middle finger of one hand, point the fingertips forwards and upwards, and press down. - Listen – Raise your hand behind your ear, palm outwards, fingers slightly curved. - No – Raise one hand upright with the palm outwards and swing it from side to side. - Thanks – Make a thumbs-up sign, and bend your thumb forward twice with a smile on your face. - Love – Make a thumbs-up sign with your left hand, point it forwards and gently stroke the back of the thumb with the right hand. Remember: these descriptions are simplified. If you want to learn CSL, you can take a course or watch official training videos. There are also handbooks and other reference materials available. 中文翻译： 中国手语 手语是听障人士使用的交流系统。它结合了手势、面部表情和手部动作。 世界各地的人使用不同的手语。手语不仅仅是任何口头语言的“无声版本”。一个国家的手语与其文化之间通常有密切的联系。在中国，官方手语是中国手语（CSL）。 以下是一些CSL手势的简化示例： - 是 – 将一只手的食指和中指交叉，指尖向前向上，然后向下按。 - 听 – 将手举到耳后，掌心向外，手指微曲。 - 不 – 举起一只手，掌心向外，左右摆动。 - 谢谢 – 竖起大拇指，面带微笑，将拇指向前弯两次。 - 爱 – 左手竖起大拇指，指向前方，右手轻轻抚摸拇指背部。 记住：这些描述是简化版。如果你想学习中国手语，可以参加课程或观看官方培训视频。也有手册和其他参考资料可供使用。 沪教8下三单元课文及翻译 Unit3 reading Chinese animation: from shadow puppets to 3D films（中国动画：从皮影到3D电影） 英文原文： Chinese animation: from shadow puppets to 3D films Chinese animation has a history of more than 100 years. This art form combines modern technology with traditional art techniques, such as paper-cutting, shadow puppet performances and ink-wash painting. Films in this style often contain many themes from Chinese art, literature and culture. Piggy Eats Watermelonfrom 1958 was the first paper-cut animation. In this groundbreaking short film, Zhu Bajie and the other characters come to life on screen just like shadow puppets. The film amazed audiences across China with its bright colours and lively animation style. Two years later, another important breakthrough came with the first ink-wash animated film, Baby Tadpoles Look for Their Mother. This short film was influenced by the famous artist Qi Baishi, and it looks exactly like a traditional ink painting. The film was very successful, and won several national and international awards. Besides traditional art techniques, Chinese animated films also reflect traditional Chinese culture. Ancient stories are a common theme, and it is no surprise that the much-loved characters from the adventure novel Journey to the Westoften appear in animation. Havoc in Heavenfrom 1961 tells the story of the Monkey King, and is perhaps the most famous Chinese animated film. It combines traditional Chinese painting techniques with the sound effects from Beijing opera. Today, Chinese animators continue to explore new methods of film-making. Films like Monkey King: Hero is Backwere made with advanced 3D animation software. With the help of the latest computer technology, such as artificial intelligence (AI), film-makers are bringing the heroes from classic Chinese stories into the 21st century. 中文翻译： 中国动画：从皮影到3D电影 中国动画已有一百多年的历史。这种艺术形式将现代技术与传统艺术技法相结合，如剪纸、皮影戏和水墨画。这种风格的电影通常包含许多来自中国艺术、文学和文化的主题。 1958年的《猪八戒吃西瓜》是第一部剪纸动画片。在这部开创性的短片中，猪八戒和其他角色像皮影一样在屏幕上活灵活现。这部电影以其鲜艳的色彩和活泼的动画风格震撼了全中国的观众。 两年后，另一项重要突破随着第一部水墨动画片《小蝌蚪找妈妈》而来。这部短片受到著名画家齐白石的影响，看起来就像一幅传统水墨画。这部电影非常成功，获得了多项国内外奖项。 除了传统艺术技法，中国动画电影还反映了中国传统文化。古代故事是一个常见主题，深受喜爱的冒险小说《西游记》中的角色经常出现在动画中也就不足为奇了。1961年的《大闹天宫》讲述了孙悟空的故事，或许是最著名的中国动画电影。它将中国传统绘画技法与京剧音效相结合。 如今，中国动画师继续探索新的电影制作方法。像《西游记之大圣归来》这样的电影是用先进的3D动画软件制作的。借助最新计算机技术，如人工智能（AI），电影制作人正在将中国经典故事中的英雄带入21世纪。 Unit3 Focusing on culture The forerunner of animation（动画的先驱） 英文原文： The forerunner of animation It is Saturday afternoon in a small town near Xi’an. Wang Weifang and his friends are putting on a play. The audience can hear them, but they cannot see them. This is because they are behind a screen—they are performing a shadow puppet play, an art form on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list. The oldest shadow puppet plays in China date back over 1,000 years. In shadow puppet plays, light and shadows are used to tell a story on a screen. This art form is probably one of the earliest forms of moving images. It has had a huge influence on modern film-making and animation. However, this ancient folk art is at risk of dying out, so local artists are trying to save it. Shadow puppets were first made of paper. Later, people used leather to make them. That is why they are called piying(i.e. “leather shadows”) in Chinese. One of the advantages of using leather is that the puppets last for a long time. The leather is cut in the shape of people, animals or objects. Each puppet is painted in different colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable parts like arms and legs, or even fingers and eyes. During the shadow puppet play, Wang and his friends stand behind a white screen. The audience sits in front of the screen. The screen is lit up, and the puppeteers hold the puppets close to it so the audience can see the puppets’ shadows clearly. They then move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters. The puppet characters talk and move around the screen, just like in an animated film. The audience can’t take their eyes off the puppets, and they hold their breath at exciting moments. These days, people seldom attend shadow puppet plays. However, neither Wang nor his friends are prepared to let this traditional folk art die out. When they perform ancient plays, they add in some new elements. To the joy of their audience, the puppets can even perform modern dance moves! 中文翻译： 动画的先驱 这是西安附近一个小镇的星期六下午。王伟方和他的朋友们正在表演一出戏。观众能听到他们的声音，但看不见他们。这是因为他们在屏幕后面——他们在表演皮影戏，这是一种被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录的艺术形式。 中国最古老的皮影戏可追溯到一千多年前。在皮影戏中，光线和影子被用来在屏幕上讲故事。这种艺术形式可能是最早的动态影像形式之一。它对现代电影制作和动画产生了巨大影响。然而，这种古老的民间艺术正面临消亡的危险，因此当地艺术家正努力拯救它。 皮影最初是用纸制作的。后来，人们用皮革制作。这就是为什么它在中文中被称为“皮影”。使用皮革的优点之一是皮影能保存很长时间。皮革被剪成人、动物或物体的形状。每个皮影被涂上不同的颜色，并固定在棍子上。有些皮影还有可活动的部位，如手臂和腿，甚至手指和眼睛。 在皮影戏表演过程中，王伟方和他的朋友们站在白色屏幕后面。观众坐在屏幕前。屏幕被照亮，表演者将皮影靠近屏幕，以便观众能清晰看到皮影的影子。然后他们移动皮影，并为不同角色配音。 皮影角色在屏幕上说话和移动，就像动画电影一样。观众目不转睛地看着皮影，在激动人心的时刻屏住呼吸。 如今，人们很少观看皮影戏。然而，无论是王伟方还是他的朋友们，都不愿让这种传统民间艺术消亡。他们在表演古老剧目时，会加入一些新元素。令观众高兴的是，皮影甚至能表演现代舞蹈动作！ Unit3 Cross-curricular connection Firsts in animation history（动画史上的第一） 英文原文： Firsts in animation history 1908 • c The first fully animated film Fantasmagorie Produced in 1908 in France by Émile Cohl, Fantasmagorieis often described as the first fully animated film. It took Cohl four to five months to make this animation from 700 drawings. 1928 • a The first animated film with synchronized sound Steamboat Willie Released in 1928, Steamboat Williewas the first animated film with synchronized sound. It was about eight minutes long. For the first time in history, sound was not just added to animation but made to correspond to the images. 1941 • b The first Chinese animated film Princess Iron Fan Created by the Wan brothers in Shanghai in 1941, Princess Iron Fanwas the first feature-length animated film in China, as well as the first in Asia. It was based on a chapter from the book Journey to the West. The film was so successful that the Wan brothers went on to create their famous film Havoc in Heaven. Both films were strongly influenced by traditional Chinese folk art. 1995 • d The first entirely computer-animated feature-length film Toy Story Released in 1995, Toy Storywas the first entirely computer-animated feature-length film and received a Special Achievement Academy Award. 中文翻译： 动画史上的第一 1908年 • c 第一部全动画电影 《幻影集》 由法国人埃米尔·科尔于1908年制作，《幻影集》常被称为第一部全动画电影。科尔花了四到五个月时间，用700幅画制作了这部动画。 1928年 • a 第一部有声同步动画电影 《汽船威利号》 于1928年上映，《汽船威利号》是第一部有声同步动画电影。片长约八分钟。这是历史上首次声音不仅被添加到动画中，而且与图像相匹配。 1941年 • b 第一部中国动画长片 《铁扇公主》 由万氏兄弟于1941年在上海创作，《铁扇公主》是中国第一部动画长片，也是亚洲第一部。它改编自《西游记》中的一个章节。这部电影非常成功，万氏兄弟随后创作了著名的《大闹天宫》。这两部电影都深受中国传统民间艺术的影响。 1995年 • d 第一部全电脑动画长片 《玩具总动员》 于1995年上映，《玩具总动员》是第一部全电脑动画长片，并获得奥斯卡特别成就奖。 沪教8下四单元课文及翻译 Unit4 reading A legendary Chinese painting（一幅传奇的中国画） 英文原文： A legendary Chinese painting Have you heard about a world-famous landscape painting named Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains? It was painted by Huang Gongwang, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty. Many experts think it is among the greatest masterpieces in Chinese art history. The story behind this painting is also very unusual. Huang was almost eighty years old when he began working on Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains. He first made a rough drawing of the whole painting in one sitting. Over the following years, he then added parts to it whenever he was in the mood. The final painting was almost seven metres long and it was given to a friend as a present. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains shows the beauty of the countryside of Jiangnan. The painting takes us on a breathtaking journey in the mountains. Along the way, we follow narrow paths, cross wooden bridges and pass along a wide river. If we look carefully, we can see people far away in the landscape. Some woodsmen are hidden among the trees. On the river, there is a man sitting alone on a boat. He is fishing. It looks like he is at one with nature, and we feel the same when we look at the painting. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains was such an amazing painting that it was copied by hundreds of artists. The original painting changed owners many times. One of the owners liked it so much that he even put it next to himself while sleeping and eating. Sometime around 1650, something terrible happened: the famous painting was damaged by fire, and it was split into two pieces. The two parts went their separate ways. In the following centuries, they each experienced many dramatic events. One of them even became part of the Qianlong Emperor’s art collection! In 2011, after more than 300 years of separation, the two parts of the legendary painting were at last shown together in one exhibition. 中文翻译： 一幅传奇的中国画 你听说过一幅名为《富春山居图》的世界著名山水画吗？它由元代四大家之一的黄公望所作。许多专家认为它是中国艺术史上最伟大的杰作之一。这幅画背后的故事也非常不寻常。 黄公望开始创作《富春山居图》时已近八十高龄。他首先一气呵成完成了整幅画的草图。在随后的几年里，每当他有兴致时，就会添加一些部分。最终完成的画作长度近七米，并作为礼物赠予了一位友人。 《富春山居图》展现了江南乡村的美景。这幅画带领我们在山间进行一次令人叹为观止的旅程。沿途，我们沿着狭窄的小径前行，穿过木桥，经过一条宽阔的河流。如果我们仔细观察，可以看到远处山水间的人物。一些樵夫隐没在树林中。河面上，有一个人独自坐在小舟上。他正在钓鱼。看起来他与自然融为一体，我们看画时也有同样的感受。 《富春山居图》是如此令人惊叹，以至于被数百位艺术家临摹。这幅原作几经易主。其中一位主人非常喜爱它，甚至睡觉吃饭时也将其放在身边。 大约在1650年，可怕的事情发生了：这幅名画被火烧损，并被烧成两段。两部分从此分离。在接下来的几个世纪里，它们各自经历了许多戏剧性的事件。其中一部分甚至成为了乾隆皇帝艺术收藏的一部分！ 2011年，在分离三百多年后，这幅传奇画作的两部分终于在一次展览中重聚。 Unit4 Focusing on culture The daughter of Dunhuang（敦煌的女儿） 英文原文： The daughter of Dunhuang Dunhuang’s Mogao Caves is one of China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It has the world’s largest collection of Buddhist art. The caves are full of priceless wall paintings and sculptures. Unfortunately, the site has been damaged by sand, weather and human activity. Thanks to the hard work of Fan Jinshi and her colleagues, we can still see these cultural treasures today. Fan began working as an archaeologist in Dunhuang after she graduated from Peking University. Her job was to study and protect the Dunhuang artworks. One day when she was comparing old photos with new ones, she made a shocking discovery. Some caves were completely different, and some of the old artworks were gone. “Will this happen to all the paintings?” she wondered. Fan made up her mind: she had to save these cultural treasures. Fan and her colleagues did everything they could; they limited the number of visitors, they put doors on the caves, and they did their best to control the temperature and humidity inside. However, Fan soon realized that the damage could only be slowed down—they could not stop it completely. In this harsh natural environment, these caves simply wouldn’t last forever. It was heartbreaking to think about it, but Fan did not give up. She and her colleagues continued to search for ways of preserving the treasures. They finally decided to make digital copies of the paintings. This was the start of the Digital Dunhuang project. After many years of hard work, the first part of the collection came online in 2016. Now, people all over the world can explore the unique art of the Mogao Caves without leaving their homes. Fan has dedicated her life to researching and preserving this important part of China’s cultural heritage. “The longer I’ve stayed here, the deeper my love has grown for Dunhuang,” Fan said. That is why people call her “the daughter of Dunhuang”. 中文翻译： 敦煌的女儿 敦煌莫高窟是中国首批联合国教科文组织世界遗产之一。它拥有世界上最大的佛教艺术藏品。窟内遍布无价的壁画和雕塑。不幸的是，这一遗址一直受到风沙、气候和人类活动的破坏。多亏了樊锦诗和同事们的不懈努力，我们今天才能仍然看到这些文化宝藏。 樊锦诗从北京大学毕业后，开始在敦煌从事考古工作。她的工作是研究和保护敦煌艺术品。有一天，她在对比新旧照片时，有了一个震惊的发现。一些洞窟已经完全变了样，一些古老的艺术品已经消失了。“所有的壁画都会变成这样吗？”她不禁思考。樊锦诗下定决心：她必须拯救这些文化宝藏。 樊锦诗和她的同事们竭尽所能：他们限制游客数量，给洞窟安装大门，并尽力控制内部的温度和湿度。然而，樊锦诗很快意识到，破坏只能被延缓——他们无法完全阻止。在这种严酷的自然环境中，这些洞窟不可能永久保存。 想到这一点令人心碎，但樊锦诗没有放弃。她和同事们继续寻找保护宝藏的方法。他们最终决定制作壁画的数字副本。这便是“数字敦煌”项目的开端。经过多年的努力，第一部分藏品于2016年上线。如今，世界各地的人们足不出户就可以探索莫高窟的独特艺术。 樊锦诗毕生致力于研究和保护中国文化遗产的这一重要部分。“我在这里待得越久，对敦煌的爱就越深，”樊锦诗说。这就是为什么人们称她为“敦煌的女儿”。 Unit4 Cross-curricular connection Famous paintings around the world（世界名画） 英文原文： Famous paintings around the world Mona Lisa - Artist: Leonardo da Vinci (Italian, 1452–1519) - Painted: between 1503 and 1505 - Key facts: • The Mona Lisa is one of the most valuable pieces of art in the world. • About ten million people go to see it every year at the Louvre. • It is widely reproduced in pop art and culture. - Where to see it: the Louvre in Paris, France The Starry Night - Artist: Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890) - Painted: 1889 - Key facts: • The Starry Night uses striking colours and lively brushstrokes. • It was based on Vincent van Gogh’s observations, as well as his imagination, memories and emotions. • It reflects Vincent van Gogh’s creative use of thick brushstrokes. - Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the USA Guernica - Artist: Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881–1973) - Painted: 1937 - Key facts: • Guernica is one of the most powerful anti-war paintings in history. • It shows the terrible suffering of people and animals in war. • It is recognized all over the world as an anti-war symbol. - Where to see it: Queen Sofia National Museum Art Centre in Madrid, Spain (1) Guernica is recognized all over the world as an anti-war symbol. (2) The Starry Night uses striking colours and lively brushstrokes. (3) Mona Lisa is seen by about ten million people every year at the Louvre. 中文翻译： 世界名画 《蒙娜丽莎》 - 画家: 列奥纳多·达·芬奇（意大利，1452–1519） - 创作时间: 1503年至1505年间 - 关键信息: • 《蒙娜丽莎》是世界上最珍贵的艺术品之一。 • 每年约有1000万人在卢浮宫参观它。 • 它在流行艺术和文化中被广泛复制。 - 观赏地点: 法国巴黎卢浮宫 《星月夜》 - 画家: 文森特·梵高（荷兰，1853–1890） - 创作时间: 1889年 - 关键信息: • 《星月夜》使用了鲜明的色彩和生动的笔触。 • 它基于文森特·梵高的观察，以及他的想象、记忆和情感。 • 它反映了文森特·梵高对厚重笔触的创造性运用。 - 观赏地点: 美国纽约现代艺术博物馆 《格尔尼卡》 - 画家: 巴勃罗·毕加索（西班牙，1881–1973） - 创作时间: 1937年 - 关键信息: • 《格尔尼卡》是历史上最有力的反战画作之一。 • 它展现了战争中和人与动物的可怕苦难。 • 它在全世界被公认为反战的象征。 - 观赏地点: 西班牙马德里索菲亚王后国家艺术中心博物馆 (1) 《格尔尼卡》在全世界被公认为反战的象征。 (2) 《星月夜》使用了鲜明的色彩和生动的笔触。 (3) 《蒙娜丽莎》每年约有1000万人在卢浮宫参观。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $