寒假作业07 过去分词作表语和状语（高考真题+名校热点习题）（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业07 过去分词作表语和状语（巩固培优） 一、核心定义 过去分词作表语：位于系动词（be, become, get, feel, seem 等）后，说明主语的状态、情感或特征，相当于形容词，强调主语承受的动作或所处的状态。 过去分词作状语：可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、结果等，其逻辑主语通常与句子主语一致，且主语与过去分词之间是被动关系。 二、常见时间标志词 类型 具体标志 例句 过去分词作表语 说明主语的状态、情感，位于系动词后 ①The door remains locked.（门仍然锁着。）②She felt confused about the difficult problem.（她对这道难题感到困惑。） 过去分词作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句，常与 when, while, after 等连用（可省略） ①Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful.（从山顶上看，这座城市更漂亮了。）②When asked about his plan, he kept silent.（当被问及他的计划时，他保持沉默。） 过去分词作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句，体现主语与分词的被动关系 ①Deeply moved by her story, we decided to help her.（被她的故事深深打动，我们决定帮助她。）②Born into a poor family, he had to work hard at an early age.（由于出生在贫困家庭，他很小就不得不努力工作。） 过去分词作条件状语 相当于条件状语从句，常与 if, unless 等连用（可省略） ①Given more time, we can finish the task better.（如果给予更多时间，我们能把任务完成得更好。）②Unless invited, you shouldn't enter the meeting room.（除非被邀请，否则你不应进入会议室。） 过去分词作让步状语 相当于让步状语从句，常与 though, although 等连用（可省略） ①Though defeated many times, he never gave up his dream.（尽管多次被打败，他从未放弃自己的梦想。）②Even praised by the teacher, he remained modest.（即使受到老师的表扬，他仍然很谦虚。） 过去分词作伴随 / 方式状语 说明主语动作发生时的伴随状态或方式 ①The teacher stood there, surrounded by her students.（老师站在那里，被学生们围着。）②He left the office, followed by his secretary.（他离开了办公室，秘书跟在后面。） 【方法归纳】 · 主谓关系判断：过去分词作状语时，逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，且主语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者（被动关系）。 ▶ 正确：Encouraged by his parents, he made great progress.（he 与 encourage 是被动关系）▶ 错误：Encouraged by his parents, his grades improved a lot.（逻辑主语 his grades 与 encourage 无被动关系） · 表语与定语的区别：过去分词作表语强调主语的状态；作定语强调动作或修饰名词的特征。 ▶ 表语：The glass is broken.（杯子是碎的，强调状态） ▶ 定语：I found a broken glass on the floor.（破碎的杯子，修饰名词特征） · 常见固定搭配：be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）、be surprised at（对…… 感到惊讶）、be devoted to（致力于……）、be determined to do（决心做……）等，这些结构中过去分词多作表语，体现主语的情感或状态。 【易错提醒】 ① 避免 “悬垂分词”：过去分词作状语时，若逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，需在分词前补充逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构（如：All things considered, the plan is practical.）。② 部分过去分词与 - ing 形式作表语的区别：过去分词多形容人的感受（如 excited 感到兴奋的），-ing 形式多形容事物的特征（如 exciting 令人兴奋的）。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、巩固提升练（基础小题） （一）单项选择（每题 1 分，共 15 分） 1.（2023・全国甲卷）__________ from the top of the tower, the city takes on a magical look at night. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. Having seen 2. （2022・全国乙卷）The girl looked __________ when she heard the unexpected news. A. surprising B. to surprise C. surprised D. being surprised 3. （2021・全国新课标 I 卷）__________ with care, the car can serve you for many years. A. Driving B. Driven C. To drive D. Drive 4. （2020・全国新课标 II 卷）He felt __________ after he finished the difficult task all by himself. A. satisfying B. satisfied C. to satisfy D. satisfy 5. （2019・全国新课标 III 卷）__________ for his courage, the young soldier was awarded a medal. A. Admiring B. Admired C. To admire D. Having admired 6. （2023・浙江卷）The building __________ in the 19th century is now a popular tourist attraction. A. built B. building C. to build D. being built 7. （2022・浙江卷）She stood there, __________ by the beautiful view of the lake. A. fascinating B. fascinated C. to fascinate D. having fascinated 8. （2021・浙江卷）__________ properly, waste can be turned into useful things. A. Processed B. Processing C. To process D. Process 9. （2020・浙江卷）The news made her __________ and she couldn't help crying. A. disappointed B. disappointing C. to disappoint D. disappoint 10. （2019・浙江卷）__________ from the outside, the house looks small, but inside it's quite spacious. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see 11. （2023・天津卷）The little boy was __________ at the sight of the big dog. A. frightened B. frightening C. to frighten D. frighten 12. （2022・天津卷）__________ with the present situation, the manager decided to make some changes. A. Dissatisfied B. Dissatisfying C. To dissatisfy D. Having dissatisfied 13. （2021・天津卷）The report __________ yesterday is of great importance to our project. A. submitting B. submitted C. to submit D. submit 14. （2020・天津卷）She felt __________ when she found her efforts hadn't been recognized. A. discouraging B. discouraged C. to discourage D. discourage 15. （2019・天津卷）__________ in the rain for hours, he caught a bad cold. A. Having caught B. Caught C. Catching D. To catch （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空（每题 1 分，共 15 分） 1.（2024・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (inspire) by her teacher's words, she decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer. 2. （2024・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The old photo album __________ (find) in the attic brought back many sweet memories. 3.（2023・全国甲卷改编）He looked __________ (confuse) when he was asked about the complicated rule. 4.（2023・全国乙卷改编）__________ (support) by his family, he overcame all the difficulties in his study. 5.（2022・全国甲卷改编）The bridge __________ (build) last year has greatly improved the traffic in this area. 6.（2022・全国乙卷改编）She felt __________ (relieve) after hearing that her son had arrived home safely. 7.（2021・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (inform) of the meeting cancellation, all the employees went back home. 8.（2021・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The book __________ (write) by a famous author is popular among teenagers. 9.（2020・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (excite) by the good news, they held a party to celebrate. 10.（2020・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The little girl was __________ (amaze) at the magic show. 11.（2019・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (defeat) once again, the team didn't lose their confidence. 12.（2019・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The problem __________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday has been solved. 13.（2024・浙江卷改编）He stood there __________ (surround) by his colleagues, listening to the speech. 14.（2023・浙江卷改编）The film is so __________ (move) that many people can't help crying. 15.（2022・浙江卷改编）__________ (tire) after a long day's work, she went straight to bed. 1、 语法填空（每空 1 分，共 3 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 （18-19高二下·辽宁·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。 The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, 1 is based on the novel of 2 same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year’s Day. After learning the sun is dying out ,people all around the world feel 3 (panic),so they build giant planet thrusters(星球推进器)to move the earth out of its orbit and sail 4 to a new star system. The 2500 years’ journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone’s 5 (survive)。 We 6 (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn’t particularly show somebody’s ability to save our world 7 shows all the human beings are working together, 8 (spare)no effort to save this world. The Wandering Earth is seen by people 9 the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China’s sci-fi movies have 10 (official) set sail. Passage 2 （19-20高三上·黑龙江大庆·开学考试）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as 11 (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animation, 12 hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018. 13 (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the film’s production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 14 unforgettable and adventurous night. It’s in this magical world 15 Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 16 (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible. While told with a wild imagination, the story 17 (convey) a clear and warm message. “In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 18 (celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation ( 谄媚), teaching kids 19 (preserve) and respect the memory of  their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 20 (person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety. Passage 3 （高一下·上海奉贤·月考）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Do you know how 21 is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons （神经元）in our brains. 22 (put) simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that 23 we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about 24 we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes 25 (far)：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Recently, researchers   26 (find) that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that 27 they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered 28 when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball). Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 29 (function). However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders． Research does mirror that neurons seem to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge 30 (cough) in the cinema when someone else does-well, perhaps you’ll understand why． 1、 将下列句子翻译成英文，要求使用过去分词作表语或状语。（每题 2 分，共 10 分） 1. 受到他故事的启发，我决定更加努力地学习。 2. 这些被精心保护的文物展示了古代文明的辉煌。 3. 她听到这个好消息时感到非常兴奋。 4. 如果给予足够的关注，这些濒危动物可以得到保护。 5. 这本由著名作家写的书在读者中很受欢迎。 2、 阅读理解。 1 （2025·上海·高考真题）Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking. It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious. Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion. In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man. “Would you like to help me with this research?” Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.” “Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling. After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally. 1．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years? A．He benefited from watching TV. B．He often debated with his classmates. C．He dropped in at different lectures. D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades. 2．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage? A．He measured human qualities in a hard way. B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite. C．He considered education both art and science. D．He had a preference for physics over education. 3．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to? A．Obtaining a decent job. B．Winning a national prize. C．Joining heated discussions. D．Designing a reading test. 4．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes? A．He was recommended by his high school teachers. B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research. C．He had good academic records during his school years. D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach. 2. （2025·上海·高考真题）The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools in line with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring:     This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are in line with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders:     Recognizing that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance:     This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. WJXSAT 5．What is the framework mainly intended to do? A．Encourage students to explore AI tools. B．Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C．Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D．Guarantee student safety with AI tools. 6．What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A．Examining the effects of AI use. B．Monitoring students’ use of AI. C．Assessing student development in AI. D．Locating the weakness of AI tools. 7．A school in the city of Louis is planning to introduce an AI tool to help students with learning. The teacher in charge is looking for ways to avoid the misuse of students’ personal data. Which component should the teacher mainly refer to? A．Purpose & Research B．Policy & Guidance C．Engage Stakeholders D．Evaluation & Monitoring 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业07 过去分词作表语和状语（巩固培优） 一、核心定义 过去分词作表语：位于系动词（be, become, get, feel, seem 等）后，说明主语的状态、情感或特征，相当于形容词，强调主语承受的动作或所处的状态。 过去分词作状语：可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、结果等，其逻辑主语通常与句子主语一致，且主语与过去分词之间是被动关系。 二、常见时间标志词 类型 具体标志 例句 过去分词作表语 说明主语的状态、情感，位于系动词后 ①The door remains locked.（门仍然锁着。）②She felt confused about the difficult problem.（她对这道难题感到困惑。） 过去分词作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句，常与 when, while, after 等连用（可省略） ①Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful.（从山顶上看，这座城市更漂亮了。）②When asked about his plan, he kept silent.（当被问及他的计划时，他保持沉默。） 过去分词作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句，体现主语与分词的被动关系 ①Deeply moved by her story, we decided to help her.（被她的故事深深打动，我们决定帮助她。）②Born into a poor family, he had to work hard at an early age.（由于出生在贫困家庭，他很小就不得不努力工作。） 过去分词作条件状语 相当于条件状语从句，常与 if, unless 等连用（可省略） ①Given more time, we can finish the task better.（如果给予更多时间，我们能把任务完成得更好。）②Unless invited, you shouldn't enter the meeting room.（除非被邀请，否则你不应进入会议室。） 过去分词作让步状语 相当于让步状语从句，常与 though, although 等连用（可省略） ①Though defeated many times, he never gave up his dream.（尽管多次被打败，他从未放弃自己的梦想。）②Even praised by the teacher, he remained modest.（即使受到老师的表扬，他仍然很谦虚。） 过去分词作伴随 / 方式状语 说明主语动作发生时的伴随状态或方式 ①The teacher stood there, surrounded by her students.（老师站在那里，被学生们围着。）②He left the office, followed by his secretary.（他离开了办公室，秘书跟在后面。） 【方法归纳】 · 主谓关系判断：过去分词作状语时，逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，且主语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者（被动关系）。 ▶ 正确：Encouraged by his parents, he made great progress.（he 与 encourage 是被动关系）▶ 错误：Encouraged by his parents, his grades improved a lot.（逻辑主语 his grades 与 encourage 无被动关系） · 表语与定语的区别：过去分词作表语强调主语的状态；作定语强调动作或修饰名词的特征。 ▶ 表语：The glass is broken.（杯子是碎的，强调状态） ▶ 定语：I found a broken glass on the floor.（破碎的杯子，修饰名词特征） · 常见固定搭配：be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）、be surprised at（对…… 感到惊讶）、be devoted to（致力于……）、be determined to do（决心做……）等，这些结构中过去分词多作表语，体现主语的情感或状态。 【易错提醒】 ① 避免 “悬垂分词”：过去分词作状语时，若逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，需在分词前补充逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构（如：All things considered, the plan is practical.）。② 部分过去分词与 - ing 形式作表语的区别：过去分词多形容人的感受（如 excited 感到兴奋的），-ing 形式多形容事物的特征（如 exciting 令人兴奋的）。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、巩固提升练（基础小题） （一）单项选择（每题 1 分，共 15 分） 1.（2023・全国甲卷）__________ from the top of the tower, the city takes on a magical look at night. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. Having seen 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作状语。句意：从塔顶看，这座城市在夜晚呈现出神奇的景象。句子主语 the city 与 see 之间是被动关系（城市被看），用过去分词 Seen 作时间状语，故选 B。 2. （2022・全国乙卷）The girl looked __________ when she heard the unexpected news. A. surprising B. to surprise C. surprised D. being surprised 【答案】C 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：那个女孩听到这个意外消息时看起来很惊讶。look 是系动词，后接表语；主语 the girl 指人，用过去分词 surprised 表示 “感到惊讶的”，故选 C。 3. （2021・全国新课标 I 卷）__________ with care, the car can serve you for many years. A. Driving B. Driven C. To drive D. Drive 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作条件状语。句意：如果小心驾驶，这辆车能为你服务很多年。句子主语 the car 与 drive 之间是被动关系（车被驾驶），用过去分词 Driven 作条件状语，相当于 If it is driven，故选 B。 4. （2020・全国新课标 II 卷）He felt __________ after he finished the difficult task all by himself. A. satisfying B. satisfied C. to satisfy D. satisfy 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：他独自完成这项艰巨的任务后感到很满足。feel 是系动词，后接表语；主语 he 指人，用过去分词 satisfied 表示 “感到满足的”，故选 B。 5. （2019・全国新课标 III 卷）__________ for his courage, the young soldier was awarded a medal. A. Admiring B. Admired C. To admire D. Having admired 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：由于勇气可嘉，这位年轻士兵被授予了勋章。句子主语 the young soldier 与 admire 之间是被动关系（士兵被钦佩），用过去分词 Admired 作原因状语，故选 B。 6. （2023・浙江卷）The building __________ in the 19th century is now a popular tourist attraction. A. built B. building C. to build D. being built 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去分词作定语（延伸考点，衔接表语 / 状语用法）。句意：这座建于 19 世纪的建筑现在是热门旅游景点。build 与 building 之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词 built 作定语，故选 A。 7. （2022・浙江卷）She stood there, __________ by the beautiful view of the lake. A. fascinating B. fascinated C. to fascinate D. having fascinated 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作伴随状语。句意：她站在那里，被湖边的美丽景色迷住了。主语 she 与 fascinate 之间是被动关系（被迷住），用过去分词 fascinated 作伴随状语，故选 B。 8. （2021・浙江卷）__________ properly, waste can be turned into useful things. A. Processed B. Processing C. To process D. Process 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去分词作条件状语。句意：如果处理得当，废物可以变成有用的东西。句子主语 waste 与 process 之间是被动关系（废物被处理），用过去分词 Processed 作条件状语，故选 A。 9. （2020・浙江卷）The news made her __________ and she couldn't help crying. A. disappointed B. disappointing C. to disappoint D. disappoint 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语（延伸考点）。句意：这个消息让她很失望，她忍不住哭了。make 后接宾语补足语，主语 her 指人，用过去分词 disappointed 表示 “感到失望的”，故选 A。 10. （2019・浙江卷）__________ from the outside, the house looks small, but inside it's quite spacious. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see 【答案】C 【解析】考查过去分词作让步状语。句意：从外面看，这房子很小，但里面相当宽敞。句子主语 the house 与 see 之间是被动关系（房子被看），用过去分词 Seen 作让步状语，相当于 Though it is seen，故选 C。 11. （2023・天津卷）The little boy was __________ at the sight of the big dog. A. frightened B. frightening C. to frighten D. frighten 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：那个小男孩看到那条大狗时感到害怕。was 是系动词，后接表语；主语 the little boy 指人，用过去分词 frightened 表示 “感到害怕的”，故选 A。 12. （2022・天津卷）__________ with the present situation, the manager decided to make some changes. A. Dissatisfied B. Dissatisfying C. To dissatisfy D. Having dissatisfied 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：经理对目前的情况不满意，决定做一些改变。句子主语 the manager 与 dissatisfy 之间是被动关系（经理感到不满意），用过去分词 Dissatisfied 作原因状语，be dissatisfied with 是固定搭配，故选 A。 13. （2021・天津卷）The report __________ yesterday is of great importance to our project. A. submitting B. submitted C. to submit D. submit 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作定语（延伸考点）。句意：昨天提交的报告对我们的项目非常重要。submit 与 report 之间是被动关系（报告被提交），且动作发生在昨天，用过去分词 submitted 作定语，故选 B。 14. （2020・天津卷）She felt __________ when she found her efforts hadn't been recognized. A. Discouraging B. discouraged C. to discourage D. discourage 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：当她发现自己的努力没有得到认可时，感到很沮丧。felt 是系动词，后接表语；主语 she 指人，用过去分词 discouraged 表示 “感到沮丧的”，故选 B。 15. （2019・天津卷）__________ in the rain for hours, he caught a bad cold. A. Having caught B. Caught C. Catching D. To catch 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：他在雨中淋了几个小时，得了重感冒。句子主语 he 与 catch（此处指 “淋雨”，被动含义）之间是被动关系，用过去分词 Caught 作原因状语，相当于 Because he was caught，故选 B。 （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空（每题 1 分，共 15 分） 1.（2024・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (inspire) by her teacher's words, she decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer. 【答案】Inspired 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：受到老师话语的鼓舞，她决定追求成为一名作家的梦想。she 与 inspire 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 Inspired，句首首字母大写。 2. （2024・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The old photo album __________ (find) in the attic brought back many sweet memories. 【答案】found 【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：在阁楼里找到的那本旧相册唤起了许多甜蜜的回忆。photo album 与 find 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 found 作定语。 3.（2023・全国甲卷改编）He looked __________ (confuse) when he was asked about the complicated rule. 【答案】confused 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：当被问及这个复杂的规则时，他看起来很困惑。look 是系动词，主语 he 指人，用过去分词 confused 表 “感到困惑的”。 4.（2023・全国乙卷改编）__________ (support) by his family, he overcame all the difficulties in his study. 【答案】Supported 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：在家人的支持下，他克服了学习中的所有困难。he 与 support 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 Supported。 5.（2022・全国甲卷改编）The bridge __________ (build) last year has greatly improved the traffic in this area. 【答案】built 【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：去年建成的那座桥极大地改善了该地区的交通。bridge 与 build 之间是被动关系，且动作发生在去年，用过去分词 built。 6.（2022・全国乙卷改编）She felt __________ (relieve) after hearing that her son had arrived home safely. 【答案】relieved 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：听到儿子安全到家的消息后，她感到如释重负。felt 是系动词，主语 she 指人，用过去分词 relieved 表 “感到宽慰的”。 7.（2021・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (inform) of the meeting cancellation, all the employees went back home. 【答案】Informed 【解析】考查过去分词作时间状语。句意：得知会议取消后，所有员工都回家了。employees 与 inform 之间是被动关系（被通知），用过去分词 Informed。 8.（2021・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The book __________ (write) by a famous author is popular among teenagers. 【答案】written 【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：这本由著名作家写的书在青少年中很受欢迎。book 与 write 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 written。 9.（2020・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (excite) by the good news, they held a party to celebrate. 【答案】Excited 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：被这个好消息激励着，他们举办了一场派对来庆祝。they 与 excite 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 Excited。 10.（2020・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The little girl was __________ (amaze) at the magic show. 【答案】amazed 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：那个小女孩对魔术表演感到惊讶。was 是系动词，主语 the little girl 指人，用过去分词 amazed 表 “感到惊讶的”。 11.（2019・全国新课标 I 卷改编）__________ (defeat) once again, the team didn't lose their confidence. 【答案】Defeated 【解析】考查过去分词作让步状语。句意：尽管又一次被打败，这支队伍并没有失去信心。team 与 defeat 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 Defeated。 12.（2019・全国新课标 II 卷改编）The problem __________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday has been solved. 【答案】discussed 【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：昨天在会议上讨论的那个问题已经解决了。problem 与 discuss 之间是被动关系，且动作发生在昨天，用过去分词 discussed。 13.（2024・浙江卷改编）He stood there __________ (surround) by his colleagues, listening to the speech. 【答案】surrounded 【解析】考查过去分词作伴随状语。句意：他站在那里，被同事们围着，听着演讲。he 与 surround 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 surrounded。 14.（2023・浙江卷改编）The film is so __________ (move) that many people can't help crying. 【答案】moving 【解析】考查现在分词作表语（与过去分词作表语对比）。句意：这部电影如此感人，以至于很多人忍不住哭了。is 是系动词，主语 the film 指物，用现在分词 moving 表‘令人感动的’；若主语指人，需用过去分词 moved（感到感动的），以此区分过去分词与现在分词作表语的用法差异。 15.（2022・浙江卷改编）__________ (tire) after a long day's work, she went straight to bed. 【答案】Tired 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：工作了一整天后很累，她直接上床睡觉了。she 与 tire 之间是被动关系（感到疲惫），用过去分词 Tired。 1、 语法填空（每空 1 分，共 3 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 （18-19高二下·辽宁·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。 The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, 1 is based on the novel of 2 same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year’s Day. After learning the sun is dying out ,people all around the world feel 3 (panic),so they build giant planet thrusters(星球推进器)to move the earth out of its orbit and sail 4 to a new star system. The 2500 years’ journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone’s 5 (survive)。 We 6 (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn’t particularly show somebody’s ability to save our world 7 shows all the human beings are working together, 8 (spare)no effort to save this world. The Wandering Earth is seen by people 9 the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China’s sci-fi movies have 10 (official) set sail. 【导读】本文是一篇电影介绍。文章介绍了根据刘慈欣同名小说改编的中国科幻电影《流浪的地球》。 1．【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：《流浪的地球》是根据刘慈欣同名小说改编的中国科幻电影。此处movie是先行词，指物，后面的非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故答案为which。 2．【答案】the 【解析】考查定冠词the。句意：《流浪的地球》是根据刘慈欣同名小说改编的中国科幻电影。此处特指“相同的名字”，所以在same前用定冠词the，故答案为the。 3．【答案】panicked 【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意：在得知太阳即将灭绝后，世界各地的人们都感到恐慌。此处表示“感到惊慌”，修饰人，所以用加ed的形容词作表语，故答案为panicked。 4．【答案】it 【解析】考查it用法。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。此处用it指代上文的the earth，故答案为it。 5．【答案】survival 【解析】考查词形转换。句意：但为了拯救人类，一群年轻人勇敢地站出来，为每个人的生存而努力奋斗。名词所有格后面用名词形式，survive的名词形式是survival。故答案为survival。 6．【答案】are impressed 【解析】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：我们对这部电影的主题印象深刻。此处句子主语we和impress之间是被动关系，结合句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态，且主语是复数。故答案为are impressed。 7．【答案】but 考查并列连词。句意：它并没有特别显示某人的能力来拯救我们的世界，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地拯救这个世界。固定搭配：not---but“不是---而是---”。故答案为but。 8．【答案】sparing 【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：它并没有特别显示某人的能力来拯救我们的世界，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地拯救这个世界。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为sparing。 9．【答案】as 【解析】考查介词。句意：《漫游地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开山之作。固定搭配：see...as“把...看作...”。故答案为as。 10．【答案】officially 【解析】考查词形转换。句意：这意味着中国科幻电影正式启航。此处set是动词，由副词来修饰，故答案为officially。 Passage 2 （19-20高三上·黑龙江大庆·开学考试）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as 11 (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animation, 12 hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018. 13 (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the film’s production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 14 unforgettable and adventurous night. It’s in this magical world 15 Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 16 (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible. While told with a wild imagination, the story 17 (convey) a clear and warm message. “In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 18 (celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation ( 谄媚), teaching kids 19 (preserve) and respect the memory of  their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 20 (person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety. 【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作《寻梦环游记》的内容、场景以及所想传达给观众的意义。 11．【答案】remarkably 【解析】考查副词。句意：但是几乎没有几部电影能描写的像寻梦环游记这样引人注目。空格处单词处于as…as结构中，一般填形容词或副词的原级形式。由于空格处单词修饰动词done，所以应用副词形式。故填remarkably。 12．【答案】which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：寻梦环游记是迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的最新的动画巨作，它在11月24日上映并且赢得了2018年奥斯卡奖。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Coco（指物），从句缺少主语，故填which。 13．【答案】Inspired 【解析】考查过去分词作状语。句意：受墨西哥亡灵节的启发，制作团队创作了一个名叫米格尔的小男孩。这句话谓语动词为created，所以空格处应填非谓语动词。这句话的主语the film’s production team与inspire之间是被动关系，故填过去分词Inspired. 14．【答案】an 【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：在那儿的时候，米格尔度过了一个难忘的又充满危险的晚上。这里的一个晚上前边没有提到过，是泛指，且unforgettable是以元音音素开始的，故填an。 15．【答案】that 【解析】考查强调句。句意：就是在这个有魔力的世界里，米格尔遇到了并发现了关于他祖爷爷的真相。这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是“It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)...”，这句话中强调的是地点状语，故填that。 16．【答案】disappearing 【解析】考查动名词作宾语。句意：为保护祖爷爷不消失，米格尔必须尽可能早的将他的照片带回有生命的世界。“protect…from…”意为“保护……免遭……”，其中from为介词，其后一般跟动名词或名词作宾语。disappear（消失）是动词，所以空格处填动名词形式，故填disappearing。 17．【答案】conveys 【解析】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：尽管这个故事是以无边的想象的形式讲述的，但是这个故事传达了清晰而温暖的信息。这篇文章整体是以现在时为主的，所以这句话应使用一般现在时。the story是第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填conveys。 18．【答案】celebrities 【解析】考查可数名词的复数形式。句意：在一个年轻人很容易被名流吸引的时代，寻梦环游记揭露了这种谄媚的空虚，一方面教给孩子珍藏并尊重关于老人的记忆，一方面让他们知道真正的想象力经常是很私人的。由于这题空格位于介词by后，空格后没有其他名词，所以空格处应填名词形式。“celebrity（名人）”是可数名词，且其前没有冠词之类的限定词，所以应用复数形式。故填celebrities。 19．【答案】to preserve 【解析】考查不定式做宾补。句意同上。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份，且只有两个不定式并列式才可以省去第二个不定式的to使用动词原形，所以空格处填t不定式。且“teach sb. to do sth.”是一个固定搭配，意为“教某人做某事”，故填to preserve。 20．【答案】personal 【解析】考查形容词。句意同上。空格处位于be动词后作表语，应用形容词形式。故填personal。 Passage 3 （高一下·上海奉贤·月考）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Do you know how 21 is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons （神经元）in our brains. 22 (put) simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that 23 we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about 24 we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes 25 (far)：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Recently, researchers   26 (find) that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that 27 they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered 28 when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball). Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 29 (function). However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders． Research does mirror that neurons seem to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge 30 (cough) in the cinema when someone else does-well, perhaps you’ll understand why． 【导读】本文是一篇说明文。我们大脑中含有的神经元不仅让我们跟着别人的动作做，它也为我们理解他人提供了生物学基础。 21．【答案】it 【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：你知道当你看到别人打哈欠，你自己也开始打哈欠是如何发生的吗？这是一个宾语从句，从句部分又是一个主语从句，从句缺主语，且主语为when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too，应用it来代替。故填it。 22．【答案】Put 【解析】考查过去分词作状语（固定搭配）。句意：简而言之，神经元的存在意味着……‘put simply’为固定短语，相当于‘to put it simply’，此处 put 为过去分词，用于句首作状语，表被动含义（被简单地表述），故填 Put。 23．【答案】every time/each time 【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意同上。这是一个时间状语从句。“每次”翻译为“every time/each time”，引导时间状语从句，故填every time/each time。 24．【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这能够很好地解释我们如何学习笑、说话、走路、跳舞与运动。“This”指代的是上一句话，解释的是我们学习的方式，故此处宾语从句填从属连词how。 25．【答案】further 【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：但是这个想法可以解释地更深远：神经元不仅能解释身体动作，它们还能告诉我们我们理解别人是有生理基础的。从not only…but also…可知，这句话是递进关系，所以是对神经元意义的进一步挖掘。且空格处单词修饰动词goes，所以用副词的比较级形式。故填further。 26．【答案】have found 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：最近，研究者已经发现神经元与语言密切相关。由Recently可知，这句话使用现在完成时。主语researchers为名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have found。 27．【答案】if/when 【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：一组研究者发现当（如果）他们给人们听一些句子的时候，同样的镜面神经元被触发，如同实际动作发生时一样。由两个括弧内的注释可知，这是将两种情形进行对比。所以空格处单词与后半句中的when是并列关系，提出一个条件可以用时间状语从句也可以用条件状语从句，故填if/when。 28．【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。the same...as与......一样，是固定搭配，as翻译为“如同”，引导定语从句，修饰the same mirror neurons，故填as。 29．【答案】functioning 考查现在进行时。句意：很多研究指出有社会行为问题的人的神经元没有正常运行。这是一个定语从句，从句的主语mirror neurons与谓语动词function之间是主动关系，故填functioning。 30．【答案】to cough 【解析】考查不定式做宾补。句意：下次在电影院，当你看到别人咳嗽你也想咳嗽的时候，也许你就能理解为什么了。“the urge to do sth.”为动词短语，表示“做……的欲望”。故填to cough。 1、 将下列句子翻译成英文，要求使用过去分词作表语或状语。（每题 2 分，共 10 分） 1. 受到他故事的启发，我决定更加努力地学习。 2. 这些被精心保护的文物展示了古代文明的辉煌。 3. 她听到这个好消息时感到非常兴奋。 4. 如果给予足够的关注，这些濒危动物可以得到保护。 5. 这本由著名作家写的书在读者中很受欢迎。 1. 【答案】 Inspired by his story, I decided to study harder. 【解析】过去分词 Inspired 作原因状语，I 与 inspire 是被动关系。 2. 【答案】These carefully protected cultural relics show the glory of ancient civilizations. 【解析】过去分词 protected 作定语，cultural relics 与 protect 是被动关系。 3.【答案】She felt very excited when she heard the good news. 【解析】过去分词 excited 作表语，she 指人，表 “感到兴奋的”。 4.【答案】Given enough attention, these endangered animals can be protected. 【解析】过去分词 Given 作条件状语，animals 与 give 是被动关系。 5.【答案】This book written by a famous author is very popular among readers. 【解析】过去分词 written 作定语，book 与 write 是被动关系。 2、 阅读理解。 1 （2025·上海·高考真题）Andreas Schleicher sat down quietly toward the back of the room, trying not to attract attention. He did this sometimes, wandering into classes he had no intention of taking. It was the mid-1980s, and he was studying physics at the University of Hamburg, one of Germany’s leading universities. In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. This class was taught by Thomas Neville Postlethwaite, who called himself an “educational scientist.” Schleicher found the title curious. Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. “You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,” his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. Postlethwaite was part of a new group of researchers who were trying to analyze a soft subject in a hard way, much like a physicist might study education if he could. Schleicher listened carefully to the debate about statistics and sampling. In his mind, he started imagining what might happen if one really could compare what kids knew around the world, while controlling for factors like race or poverty in the analysis. He found himself raising his hand and joining the discussion. In Schleicher’s experience, German schools had not been as exceptional as German educators seemed to think. As a boy, he’d felt bored much of the time and earned ordinary grades. But, as a teenager, several teachers had encouraged his fascination with science and numbers, and his grades had improved. In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. At the end of class, the professor asked Schleicher to stay behind. He could tell that there was something different about this young man. “Would you like to help me with this research?” Schleicher stared back at him, shocked. “I know nothing about education.” “Oh, that doesn’t matter,” Postlethwaite said, smiling. After that, the two men began to team up, eventually creating the first international reading test, a test that measured reading ability globally. 1．Which of the following is true of Schleicher in his university years? A．He benefited from watching TV. B．He often debated with his classmates. C．He dropped in at different lectures. D．He felt dissatisfied with his grades. 2．What can be learned about Schleicher’s father from the passage? A．He measured human qualities in a hard way. B．He had conflicting ideas with Postlethwaite. C．He considered education both art and science. D．He had a preference for physics over education. 3．What does the word “That” (para.5) probably refer to? A．Obtaining a decent job. B．Winning a national prize. C．Joining heated discussions. D．Designing a reading test. 4．Why was Schleicher different in Postlethwaite’s eyes? A．He was recommended by his high school teachers. B．He had the potential for quantitative educational research. C．He had good academic records during his school years. D．He was influenced by his father’s research approach. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了Andreas Schleicher在大学期间偶然进入教育科学领域，并最终与教授合作创建了第一个国际阅读测试的故事。 1． 【答案】C 细节理解题。根据第二段“In his free time, however, he slipped into lectures the way other people watched television. (然而，在他的空闲时间，他像其他人看电视一样溜进课堂听讲座。)”可知，Schleicher在大学期间经常溜进不同的课堂听讲座。故选C项。 2． 【答案】B 推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. ‘You cannot measure what matters in education — the human qualities,’ his father liked to say. From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. But this British fellow whose last name he could not pronounce seemed to think the other way around. (Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。‘你无法衡量教育中重要的事情——人的品质，’他的父亲喜欢这样说。据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。但是这位他连姓都念不出来的英国人似乎却有相反的想法。)”可知，Schleicher的父亲认为教育是艺术，无法衡量，而Postlethwaite则试图用科学的方法分析教育，由此可推知，Schleicher的父亲与Postlethwaite的想法有冲突。故选B项。 3． 【答案】A 词句猜测题。根据第五段“In high school, he’d won a national science prize, which meant he was more or less guaranteed a well-paying job in a private company after college. That was exactly what he’d planned to do, until he stepped into Postlethwaite’s lecture. (高中时，他获得了全国科学奖，这意味着他大学毕业后或多或少能在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作。这正是他原本的计划，直到他走进了Postlethwaite的课堂。)”可知，That指代上文提到的“在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作”，即获得一份体面的工作。故选A项。 4． 【答案】D 推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’s father was an education professor at the university and had always talked about education as a kind of mysterious art. (Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。)”以及后文Schleicher与Postlethwaite教授合作，共同创建了第一个国际阅读测试，用科学的方法分析教育，可推知，Schleicher受父亲研究方法的影响，对教育有独特的思考，这种思考方式在Postlethwaite教授眼中是与众不同的，所以认为他有潜力。D项“He was influenced by his father’s research approach.（他受到父亲研究方法的影响。）”符合题意。A项“他被高中老师推荐了”，C项“他在学校期间学习成绩很好”，文章均未提及；根据第三段“From what Schleicher could tell, there was nothing scientific about education, which was why he preferred physics. (据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。)”可知，Schleicher原本对教育科学并不感兴趣，所以B项“他有进行量化教育研究的潜力”不是教授认为他与众不同的原因。故选D项。 2. （2025·上海·高考真题）The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools in line with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring:     This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are in line with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders:     Recognizing that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance:     This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. WJXSAT 5．What is the framework mainly intended to do? A．Encourage students to explore AI tools. B．Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C．Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D．Guarantee student safety with AI tools. 6．What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A．Examining the effects of AI use. B．Monitoring students’ use of AI. C．Assessing student development in AI. D．Locating the weakness of AI tools. 7．A school in the city of Louis is planning to introduce an AI tool to help students with learning. The teacher in charge is looking for ways to avoid the misuse of students’ personal data. Which component should the teacher mainly refer to? A．Purpose & Research B．Policy & Guidance C．Engage Stakeholders D．Evaluation & Monitoring 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细阐述了路易斯教育部门（LDOE）的AI整合框架的四个主要组成部分及其目的和作用。 5.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing student safety and future readiness.(该框架采用持续的探索和改进周期，使学校能够在优先考虑学生安全和未来准备的同时，负责任地采用AI。)”可知，该框架的主要目的是使学校为负责任地使用AI做好准备。故选B项。 6.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Evaluation & Monitoring”部分“This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings.(这一部分主要关注评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响。)”可知，“评估与监测”部分主要关注的是评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响，即，检查AI使用的影响。故选A项。 7.【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Policy & Guidance”部分“This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools.(这一部分解决了制定明确的指导方针和政策的需求，以规范AI在教育环境中的负责任使用。它涉及制定数据隐私框架，确保获得AI资源，以及为设计和使用AI工具建立标准。)”可知，如果一个学校计划引入AI工具来帮助学生，而负责的老师正在寻找避免学生个人数据被滥用方法，那么老师应该主要参考“政策与指导”部分，因为它涉及制定数据隐私框架。故选B项。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $