精品解析：安徽省阜阳市临泉县安徽省临泉田家炳实验中学（临泉县教师进修学校）2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题

高三英语 (120分钟　150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What went on at Cooper's last night? A.A singing competition. B.An anniversary celebration. C.A sales activity. 2.What will Jack's father do? A.Ask for a day off. B.Join the family trip. C.Look after kids at home. 3What might the boy do after school? A.Wait at school for his mother. B.Play on the swings with Katie. C.Go to the park with his mother. 4.How did Cynthia do in her history test? A.She failed. B.She barely passed. C.She did very well. 5.Why are the speakers unable to go on vacation twice this year? A.The man has to repair the house. B.The man has only one week's leave. C.They cannot afford it. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What does the man say about The Lord of the Rings? A.It has no related movie series. B.Its story is great. C.It lacks action and drama. 7.Why is the woman unwilling to read the books? A.They are too long. B.They are confusing. C.They are far from real. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8.What is the man doing? A.Hosting a program. B.Attending a meeting. C.Making a presentation. 9.What makes Sally nervous? A.Connecting kids. B.Giving a public speech. C.Singing a song on the stage. 10.What can best change the world according to Sally? A.Education. B.Politics. C.Business. 听第8 段材料, 回答第 11 至 13题。 11.How is the weather now? A.Cloudy. B.Sunny. C.Snowy. 12.What does the woman think of the man's suggestion? A.Practical. B.Shameful. C.Unreasonable. 13.What does the woman say about the Black Run? A.It is very dangerous. B.It is easy for skiing in the area. C.It is very good for exercising legs. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14.Why does the woman talk to the man? A.To ask for information. B.To hand out leaflets. C.To book some tickets. 15.Where can the woman take a train to London? A.At King Street. B.At Central Station. C.At Regional Station. 16.How often does the train run on weekdays? A.Every two hours. B.Every hour. C.Every half an hour. 17.Which ticket can only be used after 10:15 pm? A.The Special ticket. B.The Supersave ticket. C.The standard open ticket. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18.Who is the speaker probably talking to? A.Primary school students. B.High school students. C.College students. 19.What do the volunteers have to do? A.Introduce some good learning methods. B.Get familiar with the history of the school. C.Eat with guests during the summer camp. 20.How can the listeners sign up to be the volunteers? A.By making a phone call. B.By going to the student union office. C.By filling in the form on the official website. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The climate disaster is here, and scientists have recently delivered their “final warning”. Understanding the root causes and chain effects of these complex issues can be difficult, but help is at hand. In this comprehensive series of online classes, you will learn from leading scientists, economists, environmental activists, and award-winning journalists, who will convey what is really happening to our planet and what we must do to protect it. Through a series of live classes, you will deepen your understanding of the climate crisis and have the opportunity to connect with others from around the world. Course overview Week Main Focus Week one The impact of humans on the natural environment, how mainstream economics has led to climate breakdown and what can be done to change this. Week two The latest scientific research and political strategies, both important to solving the climate crisis. Week three A live class with environmental journalists, to discuss their reporting and answer your questions. Lastly, leading environmentalists will help you to reflect back on the course and look ahead. Course Details Date: Tuesday, Nov. 24– Thursday, Dec.9 2023 This event will be hosted on a live streaming platform Zoom. You will be sent a link to the online class 24 hours before the start time. Please get in touch with us through the email masterclasses@theguardian.com if you do not receive the access link. Refund (退款) Policy Once a purchase is complete, we will not be able to refund you if you do not attend or if you cancel your event booking. Please see our rules and conditions for more information on our refund policy. 1. What do these classes have in common? A. Hands-on experiences. B. Flexible refund policy. C Tutors from diverse fields. D. Timely feedback from tutors. 2. What is involved in the third week of the course? A. The latest political strategies. B. The role of mainstream economics. C. Human’s impact on the environment. D. Interaction with different experts. 3. What should you do if you don’t receive the link as scheduled? A. Reach out to a leading scientist for help. B. Seek support from fellow participants. C. Contact the course provider via email. D. Check the course website for updates. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了一个在线课程，主题是气候灾难和人类对自然环境的影响。该课程由科学家、经济学家、环保活动家和新闻记者组成的团队教授，涵盖了气候危机的不同方面。课程分为三周，涵盖了人类对自然环境的影响、最新的科学研究和政治策略以及与环境记者和环保人士的互动。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“In this comprehensive series of online classes, you will learn from leading scientists, economists, environmental activists, and award-winning journalists, who will convey what is really happening to our planet and what we must do to protect it.(在这一系列全面的在线课程中，你将向顶尖的科学家、经济学家、环保活动家和获奖记者学习，他们将向你传达我们的星球正在发生什么，以及我们必须做些什么来保护它。)”可知，这些课程的共通之处在于课程的导师是来自不同领域的导师。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Course overview部分中“Week three—A live class with environmental journalists, to discuss their reporting and answer your questions. Lastly, leading environmentalists will help you to reflect back on the course and look ahead.(第三周——与环境记者一起上现场课，讨论他们的报道并回答你的问题。最后，主要的环保主义者将帮助你反思这一过程并展望未来。)”可知，在第三周的活动中，可以与环境记者一起上现场课，讨论他们的报道并回答你的问题即与不同的专家互动。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Course Details部分中“You will be sent a link to the online class 24 hours before the start time. Please get in touch with us through the email masterclasses@theguardian.com if you do not receive the access link.( 你会在上课前24小时收到在线课程的链接。如果您没有收到访问链接，请通过电子邮件masterclasses@theguardian.com与我们联系。)”可知，如果您没有如期收到链接，您应该通过电子邮件与课程提供者联系。故选C。 B As an ordinary man, I have a special habit to confess. Whenever I walk down the street, I offer to pour a bottle of water from the nearby river into the dirt of a street tree. It’s just my personal habit, and I don’t think it makes much difference, but I’d like to do it. I mention this in light of a campaign launched by the Arboricultural Association to call on the public to water new street trees. The UK government has committed to planting millions of trees to help meet climate targets and aims to increase tree cover from 14.5% to 16.5% by 2050. However, as John Parker, chief executive of the Arboricultural Association, says, “Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years. While in rural settings, the newly planted trees and woods can take care of themselves and adapt, the challenging conditions mean trees in the urban areas need a bit more care.” Long ago, I assumed that the good of street trees was to soften the hard edges of urban environments. But, what an underestimation of tree power that was! A study from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities illustrates they can provide inspiration or a calming atmosphere in a crowded city. Trees are responsible for easing urban heat island effects and air and pollutant filtration. And I think they provide the habitat for wildlife, especially birds. Trees can’t run away. Unfortunately for them and fortunately for urban residents, city trees are stuck with us. If we want to continue enjoying all the good they do, we should try to understand their needs and do all that we can to support them. A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen. 4. What does the author think of his personal habit? A. It is of limited effect. B. It is enforced. C. It is of much significance. D. It is common. 5. What does John Parker say about urban trees? A. They have been watered regularly. B. The new ones need more care to survive. C. They are threatened by worsening floods. D. The new ones can grow well by themselves. 6. What was the author’s initial misconception about street trees? A. They are primarily intended to provide shade in urban areas. B. Their main function is to provide nesting grounds for urban wildlife. C. They are only useful for making city streets look more beautiful. D. They play a minor role in urban environments compared to city lawns. 7. What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. When in need, ask for it. B. Tall trees catch much wind. C. Many hands make light work. D. Misfortunes seldom come alone. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者个人为街边树木浇水的习惯，引述英国树木协会的公益呼吁，阐述了城市新植树木在干旱气候下面临的生存挑战及其重要的生态与社会价值，并号召公众共同参与养护以保障城市森林的可持续发展。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s just my personal habit, and I don’t think it makes much difference, but I’d like to do it. (这只是我的个人习惯，我觉得没什么太大作用，但我就是乐意这么做。)”可知，作者认为给行道树浇水只是他的个人习惯，作用不大。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中John Parker所说的话“Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years. (种树只是故事的开端。新栽种的城市树木，其健康与存活正受到日益干旱的天气威胁。建议在栽种后的前三年，每周给新树浇灌约50升水。)”可知，他认为种树只是开始，新栽种的城市树木若要存活下来，还需要更多的照顾。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Long ago, I assumed that the good of street trees was to soften the hard edges of urban environments. But, what an underestimation of tree power that was! (很久以前，我以为行道树的益处仅仅是柔化城市硬朗刻板的环境轮廓。可我真是太小看树木的力量了！)”可知，作者最初对行道树的误解是认为它们只对美化城市街道有用。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen. (一瓶水的作用或许微不足道，但如果大家能齐心协力，每人都浇上一桶水，那将会产生多么巨大的效果啊。)”可知，作者表示“一瓶水作用不大，但大家一起行动就能产生大效果”，想要告诉我们“众人拾柴火焰高”的道理，通过自己的亲身经历来呼吁大家一起浇灌行道树，发挥众人的力量。故选C。 C Most of us have at least a few prized possessions we’d have trouble letting go of. But those with hoarding disorder — about 1 person in 40 in the USA—are forced to hold onto the majority of their belongings, even when doing so means severely messy surroundings that decrease their quality of life and threaten their safety through increased risk of fire or personal injury. Hoarding disorder is an under-recognized condition. “People with hoarding disorder are often hesitant to seek or stay in treatment because of anxiety,” says Gregory Chasson, an associate professor at the University of Chicago. Such individuals may feel embarrassed by the behavior. Now scientists at Stanford University are exploring a new treatment to help individuals with hoarding disorder. The recent pilot study shows that therapy powered by a virtual reality headset and handheld controllers can help those who hoard practice letting go of their possessions using a simulation (模拟) of their home before they unclutter the space in real life. The study was conducted over 16 weeks and allowed its participants — all diagnosed with hoarding disorder — to enter virtual models of their homes to practice sorting and discarding (丢弃) items to which they felt attached. The virtual layout of their homes and possessions was created with photos uploaded to create a 3D simulation, so the items were known and valued by each participant before they practiced throwing them out. “78% of participants noted virtual reality helped them increase real-life discarding,” says Carolyn Rodriguez, the lead author on the study.Such results are promising, especially when considering that the study’s participants ranged in age from 60 to 73 years old — the group in which hoarding is most common. The Stanford study builds on work done at the University of Chicago, published in 2020, which showed that individuals struggling with hoarding disorder were motivated to have a clean environment by using virtual reality to explore their home in which the mess had been removed. The Stanford research is unique, however, in that it targeted older adults and allowed participants to contribute in that cleaning process — a crucial step in emotionally separating themselves from each item. 8. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To show an attitude. B. To clarify a concept. C. To list health problems. D. To introduce a new fashion. 9. What makes hoarding disorder under-recognized? A. The wide spread of the disease. B. Lack of effective diagnostic methods. C The patients’ own negative attitudes. D. The discrimination against the patients. 10. What does the underlined word “unclutter” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Tidy up. B. Make up. C. Fill up. D. Block up. 11. What is a special feature about the Stanford study? A. The use of virtual reality technology. B. The large number of the participants. C. The focus on old patients’ well-being. D The participants’ cleaning the space. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是斯坦福大学科学家针对囤积症（尤其是老年囤积症患者）开展的一项新治疗研究。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But those with hoarding disorder — about 1 person in 40 in the USA — are forced to hold onto the majority of their belongings, even when doing so means severely messy surroundings that decrease their quality of life and threaten their safety through increased risk of fire or personal injury.(但患有囤积症的人（在美国，每40人中就有1人患此症）却不得不保留大部分物品，即便这样做意味着周围环境杂乱不堪，降低了他们的生活质量，还因火灾或人身伤害风险增加而威胁到他们的安全。)”可知，第一段的功能是澄清一个概念。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“People with hoarding disorder are often hesitant to seek or stay in treatment because of anxiety(囤积症患者常常因为焦虑而不愿寻求或坚持治疗)”可知，患者自身的消极态度让囤积症未被充分认识。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The recent pilot study shows that therapy powered by a virtual reality headset and handheld controllers can help those who hoard practice letting go of their possessions using a simulation (模拟) of their home(近期的一项初步研究表明，借助虚拟现实头戴式设备和手持控制器进行治疗，可帮助囤积者通过模拟自家环境来练习舍弃所拥有的物品)”可知，此处表示“帮助那些囤积者在现实生活中整理空间之前，先在模拟家中练习放下自己的物品”，unclutter的意思是“整理”，和Tidy up意思相近。故选A。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Stanford research is unique, however, in that it targeted older adults and allowed participants to contribute in that cleaning process — a crucial step in emotionally separating themselves from each item.(然而，斯坦福大学的研究是独特的，因为它针对的是老年人，并允许参与者参与清理过程——这是在情感上将自己与每件物品分开的关键一步。)”可知，斯坦福大学的研究的特别之处是参与者亲自清理空间。故选D。 D What happens in the human brain when we learn from positive and negative experiences? To help answer that question, scientists are studying dopamine (多巴胺) produced in the brain that serves as a chemical messenger, facilitating communication between nerve cells in the brain and the body. Now, a new study from researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine shows that dopamine is involved in the process of learning from both positive and negative experiences, allowing the brain to adjust and adapt its behavior based on the outcomes of these experiences.“Previously, research has shown dopamine plays an important role in how animals learn from ‘rewarding’ experiences,” said Kenneth T.Kishida, associate professor of physiology.“But this is the first study in humans to examine how dopamine encodes (编码) rewards as well as punishments.” For the study, researchers on Kishida's team used a complicated electrochemical technique, paired with machine learning, to detect and measure dopamine levels in real time. However, this method can only be performed during invasive procedures like deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Kishida's team inserted a carbon fiber microelectrode (微电极) deep into the brain of three participants with essential tremor. While the participants were awake in the operating room, they played a simple computer game. During the game, participants' choices were either rewarded or punished with real monetary gains or losses. The game was divided into three stages where participants learned from positive or negative feedback to make choices that maximized rewards and minimized losses. Dopamine levels were measured continuously throughout the whole game. “We found that dopamine not only plays a role in signaling both positive and negative experiences in the brain, but it seems to do so in an ideal way when trying to learn from those outcomes.Moreover, it seems like there may be independent pathways in the brain that separately engage the dopamine system for rewarding versus punishing experiences,” Kishida said. He believes that this may lead to a better understanding of how the dopamine system is affected in humans with mental disorders. 12. What can be learned about the new study? A. It gives a rather accurate description of dopamine. B. It confirms the regular changes of dopamine levels. C. It is focused on the various ways that dopamine functions. D. It explores dopamine's role in encoding rewards and punishments. 13. What does the author intend to imply by mentioning DBS surgery? A. The method is challenging. B. The method is conservative. C. The method is multipurpose. D. The method is conventional. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell about the new study? A. Its impact. B. Its process. C. Its purpose. D. Its preparations. 15. What could be a potential outcome of the new study? A. Advancements in surgical techniques. B. Improved treatments for physical illnesses. C. Better approaches to treating mental disorders. D. Appropriate understanding of the dopamine system. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对多巴胺的研究，新研究显示多巴胺参与从正负经历中学习的过程，还探讨了多巴胺在编码奖惩方面的作用，以及该研究对理解精神障碍患者多巴胺系统的潜在意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“But this is the first study in humans to examine how dopamine encodes rewards as well as punishments.(但这是首次在人类身上研究多巴胺如何对奖励和惩罚进行编码的研究。)”可知，这项新研究探索了多巴胺在编码奖励和惩罚方面的作用。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“For the study, researchers on Kishida’s team used a complicated electrochemical technique, paired with machine learning, to detect and measure dopamine levels in real time. However, this method can only be performed during invasive procedures like deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.(在这项研究中，Kishida团队的研究人员使用了一种复杂的电化学技术，并结合机器学习，实时检测和测量多巴胺水平。然而，这种方法只能在像深部脑刺激(DBS)手术这样的侵入性手术过程中进行。)”可知，提到DBS手术是为了说明这种检测多巴胺水平的方法只能在侵入性手术过程中进行，这是一种复杂的电化学技术，由此可推断出这种方法是有挑战性的。故选A。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段中“Kishida’s team inserted a carbon fiber microelectrode deep into the brain of three participants with essential tremor. While the participants were awake in the operating room, they played a simple computer game. During the game, participants' choices were either rewarded or punished with real monetary gains or losses. The game was divided into three stages where participants learned from positive or negative feedback to make choices that maximized rewards and minimized losses. Dopamine levels were measured continuously throughout the whole game.(Kishida的团队将碳纤维微电极深入插入三名患有特发性震颤的参与者的大脑中。当参与者在手术室清醒时，他们玩了一个简单的电脑游戏。在游戏中，参与者的选择要么得到真正的金钱奖励，要么受到金钱损失的惩罚。游戏分为三个阶段，参与者从正面或负面反馈中学习，做出使奖励最大化、损失最小化的选择。在整个游戏过程中持续测量多巴胺水平。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了新研究的过程，包括对参与者的操作、游戏设置以及多巴胺水平的测量等。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“He believes that this may lead to a better understanding of how the dopamine system is affected in humans with mental disorders.(他认为，这可能有助于更好地理解多巴胺系统在精神障碍患者中是如何受到影响的。)”可知，这项新研究的一个潜在结果可能是找到更好的治疗精神障碍的方法。故选C。 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How do we slow down and eat more deliberately? And what are some techniques we can use to eat at a healthy pace? ___16___ That’s when you use your senses to enjoy the food and notice how it makes you feel. The first tip is to take at least 20 minutes to finish your meal. Very often we find ourselves eating while doing something else, and that can make us eat faster than we normally would. When you sit down to eat, spend about 20 minutes doing so. ___17___ ___18___ Remove all distractions while you eat. They can interfere with your ability to enjoy your food and notice when you are full. Spend time to eat and only eat. Make sure your cell phone is face down and you’re not going to be responding to any messages that come through. Noticing all the little details about your food would have great benefits as well. ___19___ One way to slow down is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal. Ask yourself: What’s on my plate? How hungry am I today? Is it too salty? Notice the smell, the texture and whatever other senses that arise as you eat. Instead of wolfing down, don’t forget to actually chew. If you’re inhaling (吸入) your food you’re probably not chewing it. ___20___ Look at each bite before popping it into your mouth, acknowledge what you’re eating and chew, chew, chew. A. Putting your phone away is also advisable. B. So, you’d better eat in a more healthy way. C. Second, remove food that would make you distract. D. Experts share helpful tips on how to eat more mindfully. E. Experts suggest that chewing is an important part of digestion. F. You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich. G. It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何在吃饭时以健康的速度有意识地进食。 【16题详解】 前文“How do we slow down and eat more deliberately? And what are some techniques we can use to eat at a healthy pace?(我们如何放慢速度，更加有意识地进食？我们可以使用哪些方法来用健康的速度进食？)”询问如何才能缓慢且有意识地健康饮食，后文“That’s when you use your senses to enjoy the food and notice how it makes you feel.(这时你会用你的感官来享受食物，并注意到它给你的感觉。)”讲述了达到这种饮食状态时的效果，由此可知，空处应讲述有这么做的一些方法，D项“专家们分享了一些关于如何吃得更专心的有益建议。”符合题意，选项中的more mindfully与前文中的more deliberately对应。故选D。 【17题详解】 前文“When you sit down to eat, spend about 20 minutes doing so.(当你坐下来吃饭时，花大约20分钟的时间进食。)”讲述了吃饭要用大约20分钟的时间，空处应讲述这么做的道理，G项“你的身体需要大约那么长时间才能向大脑发出饱腹的信号。”符合题意，选项中的about that time指代前文的about 20 minutes。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Remove all distractions while you eat. They can interfere with your ability to enjoy your food and notice when you are full.(在吃饭的时候去除所有干扰。它们会干扰你享受食物和注意饱腹的能力。)”和“Make sure your cell phone is face down and you’re not going to be responding to any messages that come through.(确保你的手机正面朝下，不会回复任何传来的信息。)”可知，本段主要讲述了吃饭时要拿走会干扰注意力的手机，A项“把手机收起来也是明智的。”符合题意。故选A。 【19题详解】 后文“One way to slow down is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal.(放慢速度的一种方法是运用你的感官，仔细思考你这顿饭的所有细节。)”讲述了放慢速度的一种方法是注意有关这顿饭的所有细节，所以空处应是说你或许想知道如何放慢速度，F项“你可能想知道如何花整整20分钟吃一个三明治。”符合题意。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Instead of wolfing down, don’t forget to actually chew. If you’re inhaling(吸入) your food you’re probably not chewing it.(与其狼吞虎咽，别忘了实实在在地咀嚼。如果你吸入食物，你可能没有咀嚼。)”和后文“Look at each bite before popping it into your mouth, acknowledge what you’re eating and chew, chew, chew.(在把每一口咬进嘴里之前，先看一看，承认你在吃什么，然后咀嚼，咀嚼，咀嚼。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要咀嚼食物，E项“专家建议，咀嚼是消化的重要组成部分。”符合题意。故选E。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For years, secret gifts had been a holiday essential in Stephanie Levinson’s classroom at San Fernando Elementary School in Los Angeles County. A teacher in a___21___neighborhood, Levinson knew that her young students led a___22___life—some were homeless and others lived in garages. So every holiday season she___23___to bring the kids some small gifts—a pack of crayons, a pencil, or something. Then something unexpected happened, and the district___24___online learning. It opened the educators’ eyes to many other___25___their students faced. Some attended virtual classes from motel (汽车旅馆) rooms where their families were temporarily___26___, and some took classes in the places where their parents worked. When the temperature dropped, Levinson began to hear a common___27___. “They told me they were cold,” she said. Levinson knew she had to do something. But with her limited___28___how could she possibly keep all her students___29___? So she created a wish list on Amazon: a blanket for each of her 24 students to___30___the cold. She made a heartfelt___31___to the residents of the rich neighborhood. Five minutes later she got a text from a neighbor. “I’m looking at your wish list,” the ___32___ read, “but there’s nothing there.” Feeling puzzled, Levinson___33___the Amazo page. Just like that, in five minutes, her neighbors had finished the___34___! Christmas comes once a year, but___35___knows no calendar. In the days that followed, Levinson created more wish lists, and there were always generous donors. 21. A. separate B. disadvantaged C. big D. dangerous 22. A. busy B. full C. hard D. quiet 23. A. managed B. agreed C. expected D. needed 24. A. thought of B. applied for C. put off D. switched to 25. A. responsibilities B. threats C. difficulties D. changes 26. A. sheltering B. buying C. running D. decorating 27. A. practice B. interest C. goal D. complaint 28. A. experience B. money C. time D. space 29. A. safe B. active C. warm D. brave 30. A. tolerate B. enjoy C. sense D. fight 31. A. apology B. appeal C. welcome D. invitation 32. A. message B. report C. notice D. letter 33. A. reopened B. corrected C. recommended D. separated 34. A. promise B. duty C. wish D. function 35. A. waiting B. learning C. resting D. giving 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过叙述Stephanie Levinson老师在洛杉矶县San Fernando小学的教学经历，展现了她如何通过秘密礼物为学生们带去温暖和关爱，以及在在线学习背景下所面临的新的挑战和解决办法。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莱文森是一个贫困社区的老师，她知道自己的年轻学生过着艰苦的生活——有的无家可归，有的住在车库里。A. separate分开的；B. disadvantaged弱势的；C. big大的；D. dangerous危险的。根据后文“some were homeless and others lived in garages.”可知，社区里有的无家可归，有的住在车库里，所以是一个弱势的社区。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莱文森是一个贫困社区的老师，她知道自己的年轻学生过着艰苦的生活——有的无家可归，有的住在车库里。A. busy忙碌的；B. full满的；C. hard艰难的；D. quiet安静的。根据后文“some were homeless and others lived in garages.”可知，社区里有的无家可归，有的住在车库里，所以是过着艰苦的生活。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以每个节日她都会设法给孩子们带来一些小礼物——一包蜡笔、一支铅笔或其他东西。A. managed设法做到；B. agreed同意；C. expected预期；D. needed需要。根据前文“For years, secret gifts had been a holiday essential in Stephanie Levinson’s classroom”可知，秘密礼物一直是节日必不可少的，所以是她设法给孩子们带来一些小礼物。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来发生了意想不到的事情，于是这个学区改用了在线学习。A. thought of思考；B. applied for申请；C. put off推迟；D. switched to切换到。根据前文“Then something unexpected happened”以及后文“online learning”可知，应是“发生了意想不到的事情，于是这个学区改用了在线学习”符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使教育工作者看到了他们的学生面临的许多其他困难。A. responsibilities责任；B. threats威胁；C. difficulties困难；D. changes改变。根据后文“Some attended virtual classes from motel (汽车旅馆) rooms where their families were temporarily　　　6　　　, and some took classes in the places where their parents worked.”可知，有些人在汽车旅馆上课，有些在父母工作的地方上课，所以是学生面临的困难。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人在他们的家人暂时避难的汽车旅馆房间里上虚拟课程，有些人在父母工作的地方上课。A. sheltering躲避；B. buying买；C. running跑；D. decorating装饰。根据前文“Some attended virtual classes from motel (汽车旅馆) rooms”结合选项可知，汽车旅馆应是暂时避难的地方。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当气温下降时，莱文森开始听到一种共同的抱怨。A. practice实践；B. interest兴趣；C. goal目标；D. complaint抱怨。根据前文“When the temperature dropped”以及后文““They told me they were cold,” she said.”可知，气温下降说冷，是一种共同的抱怨。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她的钱有限，怎么可能让所有的学生都感到温暖呢?A. experience经验；B. money钱；C. time时间；D. space空间。根据后文“So she created a wish list on Amazon: a blanket for each of her 24 students to　　　10　　　the cold.”可知，莱文森列了一个愿望清单，而不是直接给她的学生买毯子，推知是因为她的钱不够。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她的钱有限，怎么可能让所有的学生都感到温暖呢?A. safe安全的；B. active积极的；C. warm温暖的；D. brave勇敢的。根据前文““They told me they were cold,” she said.”可知，她的学生告诉她，他们很冷，所以是让所有的学生都感到温暖。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她在亚马逊上列了一个愿望清单：给她的24名学生每人一条毯子来御寒。A. tolerate容忍；B. enjoy享受；C. sense感觉到；D. fight战斗。根据前文“So she created a wish list on Amazon: a blanket for each of her 24 students”可知，毯子应是用来御寒的，也就是和寒冷战斗。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她向富人社区的居民发出了衷心的呼吁。A. apology道歉；B. appeal呼吁；C. welcome欢迎；D. invitation邀请。根据前文“She made a heartfelt”接选项和前文内容，她想给她的24名学生每人一条毯子来御寒，所以应是发出衷心的呼吁。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我正在看你的愿望清单，”消息上写道，“但上面什么也没有。”A. message消息；B. report报道；C. notice通知；D. letter信。根据前文“Five minutes later she got a text from a neighbor.”可知，是邻居给她的消息。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱文森感到困惑，重新打开了亚马逊的页面。A. reopened重新打开；B. corrected纠正；C. recommended建议；D. separated分离。根据前文“Feeling puzzled”以及后文“the Amazo page”可知，感到困惑，所以应是莱文森重新打开了亚马逊的页面去检查原因。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就这样，在五分钟内，她的邻居就完成了她的愿望!A. promise诺言；B. duty责任；C. wish愿望；D. function功能。根据前文“So she created a wish list on Amazon”可知，莱文森创立了愿望清单，此处是完成了她的愿望。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节一年只有一次，但给予是没有日历的。A. waiting等待；B. learning学习；C. resting休息；D. giving给予。根据后文“In the days that followed, Levinson created more wish lists, and there were always generous donors.”可知，莱文森总能收到捐赠，从而改善她学生的生活，这是一种给予。故选D项。 第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Layue is a preparatory phase for the upcoming Spring Festival.It is the ____36____ (twelve) month of the traditional Chinese calendar.  ____37____ (fall) on January 26 this year, Laba Festival was traditionally ____38____ occasion to honor the ancestors, and pray to heaven and earth for a good harvest and good luck. The last lunar month is called “la” in Chinese, and “eight” is pronounced “ba” in Chinese. This is ____39____ the name of the festival comes from. The custom on this day is to eat Laba porridge, ____40____ (cook) with a mix of eight ingredients, as eight is a ____41____ (fortune) number in Chinese culture. Its recipe varies across China depending ____42____ regional availability. Nowadays, boiled with sugar for at least four hours, Laba porridge ____43____ (regard) as a nutritious food. Distribution of Laba porridge at Yonghe Lamasery (雍和宫) in Beijing is one of the most famous activities. Today, waiting ____44____ (eager) in queues at the temples, people are expecting to not just share a bowl of porridge, but be a part of the tradition and share the joys and ____45____ (expect) of the coming year. 【答案】36. twelfth 37. Falling 38. an 39. where 40. cooked 41. fortunate 42. on##upon 43. is regarded 44. eagerly 45. expectations 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了腊月是春节前准备阶段及腊八节相关情况，包括其时间、传统意义、名称由来，提到吃腊八粥习俗及做法，还举例北京雍和宫活动等。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意：腊月是即将到来的春节的准备阶段，它是中国传统农历的第十二个月。根据空前的定冠词the以及空后的名词month可知，此处应填序数词，表示“第十二个”。故填twelfth。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的腊八节在1月26日，传统上是一个祭祖、祈求天地丰收和好运的日子。前句中已有was，空处作非谓语动词；且Laba Festival与fall之间是主动关系，表示“（节日）发生于（某一天）”，故用现在分词形式作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Falling。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。根据空后的名词occasion可知，此处表示泛指“一个……的日子”，且occasion是以元音音素开头的单词，前边使用不定冠词an。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是这个节日名字的由来。设空处引导表语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导表语从句。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天的习俗是吃腊八粥，它由八种配料混合煮成，因为在中国文化中，八是一个幸运的数字。设空处使用非谓语动词作定语，修饰Laba porridge，且Laba porridge与cook之间是被动关系，表示被煮，故用过去分词cooked作定语。故填cooked。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。根据空后的名词number可知，此处应填形容词作定语，修饰number，fortune的形容词为fortunate，表示“幸运的”。故填fortunate。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：它的配方在中国各地因地区而异。根据空前的depends以及空后的regional availability可知，此处考查固定短语depend on/upon，表示“取决于”。故填on/upon。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，腊八粥加糖煮至少四个小时，被认为是一种营养食品。设空处在句中作谓语，且Laba porridge与regard之间是被动关系，表示被认为，且根据时间状语Nowadays可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语Laba porridge为不可数名词，be动词使用is。故填is regarded。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：今天，人们急切地在寺庙排队等候，不仅期待分享一碗粥，还期待成为传统的一部分，分享来年的喜悦和期待。此处应填副词eagerly作状语，修饰动词waiting，表示“急切地等待”。故填eagerly。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。根据空前的joys以及空后的of the coming year可知，此处应填expect的名词形式与joys并列作宾语，表示“来年的喜悦和期待”，且expectation为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式。故填expectations。 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 46. 假定你最近收到了一份意义非凡的礼物，请你描述这份礼物，内容包括： 1.礼物的来源； 2.礼物对你的特殊意义。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 A Treasured Gift _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Treasured Gift Recently, I received a small, hand-made photo album from my grandmother. Its pages were filled with black and white photos from her youth. Seeing her young face, the places she visited, and the joyous moments captured was heartwarming. This gift isn’t valuable in terms of money, but its sentimental value is immeasurable. It’s not just an album; it’s a journey through time, a piece of family history. Every time I flip through its pages, I feel connected to a period I never experienced, making it the most precious gift I’ve ever received. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生描述最近收到的一份意义非凡的礼物，讲述礼物的来源及意义。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 收到：receive → be presented with 充满：be filled with → be laden with 珍贵的：valuable →invaluable 价值、重要性：value → significance 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：It’s not just an album; it’s a journey through time, a piece of family history. 拓展句：It is an album which is not just a collection of photos but a journey through time and a piece of family history. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing her young face, the places she visited, and the joyous moments captured was heartwarming. (运用了动名词Seeing作主语和过去分词captured作后置定语) 【高分句型2】Every time I flip through its pages, I feel connected to a period I never experienced, making it the most precious gift I’ve ever received. (运用了Every time引导的时间状语从句和现在分词making作结果状语) 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a quiet suburban neighborhood lived two neighbors, 12-year-old Lily and her elderly neighbor, Mr Harrison. Mr Harrison was known for being bad-tempered and often complained about the noise children made while playing. Lily, an energetic and playful girl, loved playing outside with her friends. Their laughter and chatter filled the neighborhood, but this often upset Mr Harrison. He would complain about the noise, saying it disturbed his peace. Lily couldn’t understand why he was so grouchy. To her, he was just a mean old man who didn’t like children. One day, while playing soccer, the ball accidentally went into Mr Harrison’s yard. Reluctantly, Lily went to get it, expecting a scolding. However, what she saw surprised her. Mr Harrison was working on a beautiful garden, full of flowers and plants. His face, usually so serious, softened as he tended to his plants. Lily collected the ball, but her curiosity was aroused. She started observing Mr Harrison from afar and noticed that he often wore painful expressions while working in the garden. She realized that he might be in physical discomfort, which could be why he preferred quiet. The next day, the ball again rolled into Mr Harrison’s yard. This time, Lily hesitantly started a conversation. She complimented (赞美) his garden and cautiously asked about the plants. To her surprise, Mr Harrison’s temper changed. He smiled and began to share his knowledge about gardening, revealing a passion for his plants. As they talked, Lily learned that Mr Harrison had been a gardener all his life but had recently been struggling with arthritis (关节炎), which made it difficult for him to work and caused him a lot of pain. The noise from outside often made it hard for him to concentrate on the thing that brought him joy. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Suddenly, Lily felt a wave of understanding and empathy. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr Harrison, in turn, became more tolerant of the children’s play. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Suddenly Lily felt a wave of understanding and empathy. She had only seen Mr Harrison as a complaining neighbor, without understanding his situation. She apologized for the noise and promised to be more mindful in the future. From that day on, Lily and her friends played more quietly when near Mr Harrison’s house. Lily even started visiting him, learning about gardening and helping him with tasks that were difficult for him. Mr Harrison, in turn, became more tolerant of the children’s play. He would sometimes sit outside, watching them with a smile, and even offered to collect the ball for the children. The neighborhood began to see a different side of Mr Harrison, all thanks to Lily’s effort to understand and be tolerant. By taking the time to understand Mr Harrison’s perspective, Lily not only gained a new friend but also bridged the gap between the old and the young in her neighborhood. Her story became a lesson for everyone around her, showing how understanding and tolerance can turn conflict into friendship and respect. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Lily与邻居Mr Harrison的关系转变为线索展开，讲述了Lily起初认为Mr Harrison是脾气暴躁的老人，后因足球误入其庭院，了解到他患有关节炎、靠园艺缓解痛苦的处境，最终主动理解并帮助他，使两人化隔阂为友谊的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，Lily心中涌起一股理解和同情之情”可知，第一段可描写Lily向Mr Harrison道歉的细节，以及她和朋友们调整玩耍方式、主动帮助Mr Harrison打理园艺的具体行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“而Harrison先生也对孩子们的玩耍变得更加宽容了”可知，第二段可描写Mr Harrison态度转变后的表现，以及邻里关系因两人的理解而变得更融洽的结果。 2. 续写线索： 心生理解与共情——道歉并调整行为 ——主动帮助打理园艺——Mr Harrison变得宽容——微笑观望孩子们玩耍——邻里关系变得融洽 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①道歉：apologize/ offer an apology ②帮忙：help /lend a hand/ do a favor/ provide assistance ③看：watch/ observe 情绪类 ①理解，同情：understanding/ sympathy ②宽容的：tolerant/ lenient 【点睛】【高分句型1】He would sometimes sit outside, watching them with a smile, and even offered to collect the ball for the children. (运用了现在分词短语watching...作状语) 【高分句型2】By taking the time to understand Mr Harrison’s perspective, Lily not only gained a new friend but also bridged the gap between the old and the young in her neighborhood.  (运用了not only... but also...的固定句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语 (120分钟　150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What went on at Cooper's last night? A.A singing competition. B.An anniversary celebration. C.A sales activity. 2.What will Jack's father do? A.Ask for a day off. B.Join the family trip. C.Look after kids at home. 3.What might the boy do after school? A.Wait at school for his mother. B.Play on the swings with Katie. C.Go to the park with his mother. 4.How did Cynthia do in her history test? A.She failed. B.She barely passed. C.She did very well. 5.Why are the speakers unable to go on vacation twice this year? AThe man has to repair the house. B.The man has only one week's leave. C.They cannot afford it. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What does the man say about The Lord of the Rings? A.It has no related movie series. B.Its story is great. C.It lacks action and drama. 7.Why is the woman unwilling to read the books? A.They are too long. B.They are confusing. C.They are far from real. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8.What is the man doing? A.Hosting a program. B.Attending a meeting. C.Making a presentation. 9.What makes Sally nervous? AConnecting kids. B.Giving a public speech. C.Singing a song on the stage. 10.What can best change the world according to Sally? A.Education. B.Politics. C.Business. 听第8 段材料, 回答第 11 至 13题。 11.How is the weather now? A.Cloudy. B.Sunny. C.Snowy. 12.What does the woman think of the man's suggestion? A.Practical. B.Shameful. C.Unreasonable. 13.What does the woman say about the Black Run? A.It is very dangerous. B.It is easy for skiing in the area. C.It is very good for exercising legs. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14.Why does the woman talk to the man? A.To ask for information. B.To hand out leaflets. C.To book some tickets. 15.Where can the woman take a train to London? A.At King Street. B.At Central Station. C.At Regional Station. 16.How often does the train run on weekdays? A.Every two hours. B.Every hour. C.Every half an hour. 17.Which ticket can only be used after 10:15 pm? A.The Special ticket. B.The Supersave ticket. C.The standard open ticket. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18.Who is the speaker probably talking to? A.Primary school students. B.High school students. C.College students. 19.What do the volunteers have to do? A.Introduce some good learning methods. B.Get familiar with the history of the school. C.Eat with guests during the summer camp. 20.How can the listeners sign up to be the volunteers? A.By making a phone call. B.By going to the student union office. C.By filling in the form on the official website. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The climate disaster is here, and scientists have recently delivered their “final warning”. Understanding the root causes and chain effects of these complex issues can be difficult, but help is at hand. In this comprehensive series of online classes, you will learn from leading scientists, economists, environmental activists, and award-winning journalists, who will convey what is really happening to our planet and what we must do to protect it. Through a series of live classes, you will deepen your understanding of the climate crisis and have the opportunity to connect with others from around the world. Course overview Week Main Focus Week one The impact of humans on the natural environment, how mainstream economics has led to climate breakdown and what can be done to change this. Week two The latest scientific research and political strategies, both important to solving the climate crisis. Week three A live class with environmental journalists, to discuss their reporting and answer your questions. Lastly, leading environmentalists will help you to reflect back on the course and look ahead. Course Details Date: Tuesday, Nov. 24– Thursday, Dec.9 2023 This event will be hosted on a live streaming platform Zoom. You will be sent a link to the online class 24 hours before the start time. Please get in touch with us through the email masterclasses@theguardian.com if you do not receive the access link. Refund (退款) Policy Once a purchase is complete, we will not be able to refund you if you do not attend or if you cancel your event booking. Please see our rules and conditions for more information on our refund policy. 1. What do these classes have in common? A. Hands-on experiences. B. Flexible refund policy. C. Tutors from diverse fields. D. Timely feedback from tutors. 2. What is involved in the third week of the course? A. The latest political strategies. B. The role of mainstream economics. C. Human’s impact on the environment. D. Interaction with different experts. 3. What should you do if you don’t receive the link as scheduled? A. Reach out to a leading scientist for help. B. Seek support from fellow participants. C. Contact the course provider via email. D. Check the course website for updates. B As an ordinary man, I have a special habit to confess. Whenever I walk down the street, I offer to pour a bottle of water from the nearby river into the dirt of a street tree. It’s just my personal habit, and I don’t think it makes much difference, but I’d like to do it. I mention this in light of a campaign launched by the Arboricultural Association to call on the public to water new street trees. The UK government has committed to planting millions of trees to help meet climate targets and aims to increase tree cover from 14.5% to 16.5% by 2050. However, as John Parker, chief executive of the Arboricultural Association, says, “Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years. While in rural settings, the newly planted trees and woods can take care of themselves and adapt, the challenging conditions mean trees in the urban areas need a bit more care.” Long ago, I assumed that the good of street trees was to soften the hard edges of urban environments. But, what an underestimation of tree power that was! A study from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities illustrates they can provide inspiration or a calming atmosphere in a crowded city. Trees are responsible for easing urban heat island effects and air and pollutant filtration. And I think they provide the habitat for wildlife, especially birds. Trees can’t run away. Unfortunately for them and fortunately for urban residents, city trees are stuck with us. If we want to continue enjoying all the good they do, we should try to understand their needs and do all that we can to support them. A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen. 4. What does the author think of his personal habit? A. It is of limited effect. B. It is enforced. C. It is of much significance. D. It is common. 5. What does John Parker say about urban trees? A. They have been watered regularly. B. The new ones need more care to survive. C. They are threatened by worsening floods. D. The new ones can grow well by themselves. 6. What was the author’s initial misconception about street trees? A. They are primarily intended to provide shade in urban areas. B. Their main function is to provide nesting grounds for urban wildlife. C. They are only useful for making city streets look more beautiful. D. They play a minor role in urban environments compared to city lawns. 7. What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. When in need, ask for it. B. Tall trees catch much wind. C. Many hands make light work. D. Misfortunes seldom come alone. C Most of us have at least a few prized possessions we’d have trouble letting go of. But those with hoarding disorder — about 1 person in 40 in the USA—are forced to hold onto the majority of their belongings even when doing so means severely messy surroundings that decrease their quality of life and threaten their safety through increased risk of fire or personal injury. Hoarding disorder is an under-recognized condition. “People with hoarding disorder are often hesitant to seek or stay in treatment because of anxiety,” says Gregory Chasson, an associate professor at the University of Chicago. Such individuals may feel embarrassed by the behavior. Now scientists at Stanford University are exploring a new treatment to help individuals with hoarding disorder. The recent pilot study shows that therapy powered by a virtual reality headset and handheld controllers can help those who hoard practice letting go of their possessions using a simulation (模拟) of their home before they unclutter the space in real life. The study was conducted over 16 weeks and allowed its participants — all diagnosed with hoarding disorder — to enter virtual models of their homes to practice sorting and discarding (丢弃) items to which they felt attached. The virtual layout of their homes and possessions was created with photos uploaded to create a 3D simulation so the items were known and valued by each participant before they practiced throwing them out. “78% of participants noted virtual reality helped them increase real-life discarding,” says Carolyn Rodriguez, the lead author on the study.Such results are promising, especially when considering that the study’s participants ranged in age from 60 to 73 years old — the group in which hoarding is most common. The Stanford study builds on work done at the University of Chicago, published in 2020, which showed that individuals struggling with hoarding disorder were motivated to have a clean environment by using virtual reality to explore their home in which the mess had been removed. The Stanford research is unique, however, in that it targeted older adults and allowed participants to contribute in that cleaning process — a crucial step in emotionally separating themselves from each item. 8. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To show an attitude. B. To clarify a concept. C. To list health problems. D. To introduce a new fashion. 9. What makes hoarding disorder under-recognized? A. The wide spread of the disease. B. Lack of effective diagnostic methods. C. The patients’ own negative attitudes. D. The discrimination against the patients. 10. What does the underlined word “unclutter” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Tidy up. B. Make up. C. Fill up. D. Block up. 11. What is a special feature about the Stanford study? A. The use of virtual reality technology. B. The large number of the participants. C. The focus on old patients’ well-being. D. The participants’ cleaning the space. D What happens in the human brain when we learn from positive and negative experiences? To help answer that question, scientists are studying dopamine (多巴胺) produced in the brain that serves as a chemical messenger, facilitating communication between nerve cells in the brain and the body. Now, a new study from researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine shows that dopamine is involved in the process of learning from both positive and negative experiences, allowing the brain to adjust and adapt its behavior based on the outcomes of these experiences.“Previously, research has shown dopamine plays an important role in how animals learn from ‘rewarding’ experiences,” said Kenneth T.Kishida, associate professor of physiology.“But this is the first study in humans to examine how dopamine encodes (编码) rewards as well as punishments.” For the study, researchers on Kishida's team used a complicated electrochemical technique, paired with machine learning, to detect and measure dopamine levels in real time. However, this method can only be performed during invasive procedures like deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Kishida's team inserted a carbon fiber microelectrode (微电极) deep into the brain of three participants with essential tremor. While the participants were awake in the operating room, they played a simple computer game. During the game, participants' choices were either rewarded or punished with real monetary gains or losses. The game was divided into three stages where participants learned from positive or negative feedback to make choices that maximized rewards and minimized losses. Dopamine levels were measured continuously throughout the whole game. “We found that dopamine not only plays a role in signaling both positive and negative experiences in the brain, but it seems to do so in an ideal way when trying to learn from those outcomes.Moreover, it seems like there may be independent pathways in the brain that separately engage the dopamine system for rewarding versus punishing experiences,” Kishida said. He believes that this may lead to a better understanding of how the dopamine system is affected in humans with mental disorders. 12. What can be learned about the new study? A. It gives a rather accurate description of dopamine. B. It confirms the regular changes of dopamine levels. C. It is focused on the various ways that dopamine functions. D. It explores dopamine's role in encoding rewards and punishments. 13. What does the author intend to imply by mentioning DBS surgery? A. The method is challenging. B. The method is conservative. C. The method is multipurpose. D. The method is conventional. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell about the new study? A. Its impact. B. Its process. C. Its purpose. D. Its preparations. 15. What could be a potential outcome of the new study? A. Advancements in surgical techniques. B. Improved treatments for physical illnesses. C. Better approaches to treating mental disorders. D. Appropriate understanding of the dopamine system. 第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How do we slow down and eat more deliberately? And what are some techniques we can use to eat at a healthy pace? ___16___ That’s when you use your senses to enjoy the food and notice how it makes you feel. The first tip is to take at least 20 minutes to finish your meal. Very often we find ourselves eating while doing something else, and that can make us eat faster than we normally would. When you sit down to eat, spend about 20 minutes doing so. ___17___ ___18___ Remove all distractions while you eat. They can interfere with your ability to enjoy your food and notice when you are full. Spend time to eat and only eat. Make sure your cell phone is face down and you’re not going to be responding to any messages that come through. Noticing all the little details about your food would have great benefits as well. ___19___ One way to slow down is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal. Ask yourself: What’s on my plate? How hungry am I today? Is it too salty? Notice the smell, the texture and whatever other senses that arise as you eat. Instead of wolfing down, don’t forget to actually chew. If you’re inhaling (吸入) your food you’re probably not chewing it. ___20___ Look at each bite before popping it into your mouth, acknowledge what you’re eating and chew, chew, chew. A. Putting your phone away is also advisable. B. So, you’d better eat in a more healthy way. C. Second, remove food that would make you distract. D. Experts share helpful tips on how to eat more mindfully. E. Experts suggest that chewing is an important part of digestion. F. You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich. G. It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For years, secret gifts had been a holiday essential in Stephanie Levinson’s classroom at San Fernando Elementary School in Los Angeles County. A teacher in a___21___neighborhood, Levinson knew that her young students led a___22___life—some were homeless and others lived in garages. So every holiday season she___23___to bring the kids some small gifts—a pack of crayons, a pencil, or something. Then something unexpected happened, and the district___24___online learning. It opened the educators’ eyes to many other___25___their students faced. Some attended virtual classes from motel (汽车旅馆) rooms where their families were temporarily___26___, and some took classes in the places where their parents worked. When the temperature dropped, Levinson began to hear a common___27___. “They told me they were cold,” she said. Levinson knew she had to do something. But with her limited___28___how could she possibly keep all her students___29___? So she created a wish list on Amazon: a blanket for each of her 24 students to___30___the cold. She made a heartfelt___31___to the residents of the rich neighborhood. Five minutes later she got a text from a neighbor. “I’m looking at your wish list,” the ___32___ read, “but there’s nothing there.” Feeling puzzled, Levinson___33___the Amazo page. Just like that, in five minutes, her neighbors had finished the___34___! Christmas comes once a year, but___35___knows no calendar. In the days that followed, Levinson created more wish lists, and there were always generous donors. 21. A. separate B. disadvantaged C. big D. dangerous 22. A. busy B. full C. hard D. quiet 23. A. managed B. agreed C. expected D. needed 24. A. thought of B. applied for C. put off D. switched to 25. A. responsibilities B. threats C. difficulties D. changes 26. A. sheltering B. buying C. running D. decorating 27. A. practice B. interest C. goal D. complaint 28. A. experience B. money C. time D. space 29. A. safe B. active C. warm D. brave 30. A. tolerate B. enjoy C. sense D. fight 31. A. apology B. appeal C. welcome D. invitation 32. A. message B. report C. notice D. letter 33. A. reopened B. corrected C. recommended D. separated 34. A. promise B. duty C. wish D. function 35. A. waiting B. learning C. resting D. giving 第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Layue is a preparatory phase for the upcoming Spring Festival.It is the ____36____ (twelve) month of the traditional Chinese calendar.  ____37____ (fall) on January 26 this year, Laba Festival was traditionally ____38____ occasion to honor the ancestors, and pray to heaven and earth for a good harvest and good luck. The last lunar month is called “la” in Chinese, and “eight” is pronounced “ba” in Chinese. This is ____39____ the name of the festival comes from. The custom on this day is to eat Laba porridge, ____40____ (cook) with a mix of eight ingredients, as eight is a ____41____ (fortune) number in Chinese culture. Its recipe varies across China depending ____42____ regional availability. Nowadays, boiled with sugar for at least four hours, Laba porridge ____43____ (regard) as a nutritious food. Distribution of Laba porridge at Yonghe Lamasery (雍和宫) in Beijing is one of the most famous activities. Today, waiting ____44____ (eager) in queues at the temples, people are expecting to not just share a bowl of porridge, but be a part of the tradition and share the joys and ____45____ (expect) of the coming year. 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 46. 假定你最近收到了一份意义非凡礼物，请你描述这份礼物，内容包括： 1.礼物的来源； 2.礼物对你的特殊意义。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 A Treasured Gift _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a quiet suburban neighborhood lived two neighbors, 12-year-old Lily and her elderly neighbor, Mr Harrison. Mr Harrison was known for being bad-tempered and often complained about the noise children made while playing. Lily, an energetic and playful girl, loved playing outside with her friends. Their laughter and chatter filled the neighborhood, but this often upset Mr Harrison. He would complain about the noise, saying it disturbed his peace. Lily couldn’t understand why he was so grouchy. To her, he was just a mean old man who didn’t like children. One day, while playing soccer, the ball accidentally went into Mr Harrison’s yard. Reluctantly, Lily went to get it, expecting a scolding. However, what she saw surprised her. Mr Harrison was working on a beautiful garden, full of flowers and plants. His face, usually so serious, softened as he tended to his plants. Lily collected the ball, but her curiosity was aroused. She started observing Mr Harrison from afar and noticed that he often wore painful expressions while working in the garden. She realized that he might be in physical discomfort, which could be why he preferred quiet. The next day, the ball again rolled into Mr Harrison’s yard. This time, Lily hesitantly started a conversation. She complimented (赞美) his garden and cautiously asked about the plants. To her surprise, Mr Harrison’s temper changed. He smiled and began to share his knowledge about gardening, revealing a passion for his plants. As they talked, Lily learned that Mr Harrison had been a gardener all his life but had recently been struggling with arthritis (关节炎), which made it difficult for him to work and caused him a lot of pain. The noise from outside often made it hard for him to concentrate on the thing that brought him joy. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Suddenly, Lily felt a wave of understanding and empathy. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr Harrison, in turn, became more tolerant of the children’s play. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $