Unit 1 Grammar and usage（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1导学案以“非限制性定语从句”为核心语法点，结合“可持续旅游”主题语境，设计“基础巩固—语法梳理—主题应用—思维提升”递进式学习路径，引导学生从词汇词块记忆到语法规则掌握，再到主题语境综合运用，构建完整知识体系。 亮点在于“主题语境驱动语法学习”设计，通过生态旅游案例阅读（如哥斯达黎加海龟保护项目）、观点分享（用非限制性定语从句表达可持续旅游建议）等任务，融合语言能力（语法运用）、文化意识（环保旅游与跨文化尊重）与思维品质（分析对比限制性与非限制性定语从句差异）。分层作业（单句填空/翻译/高考实战）适配不同水平，为教师单元复习提供系统且实用的教学支持。

译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1 Wish you were here Grammar and usage（导学案） 1.掌握非限制性定语从句的核心用法，熟练运用 who/whom/whose/which/where/when/as 等关系词，区分其与限制性定语从句的差异。 2. 把握旅游与可持续旅游主题语境，掌握略读、精读等技巧，提取文本中语法应用的关键信息。 3. 理解可持续旅游的内涵，树立环保旅游与跨文化尊重意识，增强社会责任感。 4. 能运用非限制性定语从句完成句子改写、短文填空及观点表达，提升语法综合运用能力。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1.________ /ˈkɒntrɑːst/ n.差异，差别；对照物 2. ________/stɑːv/ vi. & vt.（使）饿死，（使）挨饿 3. ________ /dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)/ n.离开，起程 4. ________ /ˈmænə(r)/ n.方式，方法；举止 5. ________ /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ n.消耗，消耗量；消费 【答案】 1.contrast 2.starve 3. departure 4.manner 5. consumption 二、词块记忆 1.归结为___________ 2.反过来；依次___________ 3. 旅游胜地 ___________ 4. 处于危险中___________ 5. 与…… 和谐共处 ___________ 6. 旨在；目标是 ___________ 7.可持续发展 ___________ 8. 服务行业 ____________ 【答案】 1. come down to 2. in turn 3. tourist attraction 4. at risk 5. live in harmony with 6. aim to do 7. sustainable development 8. service industries Part 1 非限制性定语从句核心用法 【知识梳理1】非限制性定语从句的定义与形式 非限制性定语从句用于对先行词（名词、代词、短语）或整个主句进行补充说明，与主句之间用逗号隔开，关系词不可省略，不用 that/why 引导。 【常用关系词】 指代人：who/whom/whose 指代物或整个主句：whicha popular destination 热门目的地 指代时间： when 指代地点：/where 表 “正如”：as（可置于句首 / 中 / 尾）. 【例句】 1. She met her old friend, who is now a famous doctor.（who 指代 friend，作主语） 2. He bought a new camera, which takes excellent photos.（which 指代 camera） 3.We visited Beijing in July, when the weather is hot.（when 指代 July） 4.They went to Lijiang, where the scenery is breathtaking.（where 指代 Lijiang） 5.As we all know, sustainable tourism is important for the planet. 【即学即练】 1.My English teacher, ______ is from Canada, often shares travel stories with us. 2.We visited the Great Wall, ______ is one of the world’s greatest landmarks. 3.She graduated in 2020, ______ she started working in a travel agency. 4.______ is reported, more people choose eco-friendly travel now. 【答案】1. who 2. which 3. when 4. As 【知识梳理2】非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别 【常用搭配】 特征 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 标点 无逗号分隔 有逗号 语义功能 限定先行词，不可或缺 补充说明，去掉不影响句意 关系词 可省略 that/which（作宾语时） 不可省略，不用 that/why 翻译 译为 “…… 的” 可译为并列句或独立分句 【即学即练】 判断下列句子为限制性（R）或非限制性（NR）定语从句，并说明理由。 1.The book that I borrowed from the library is about sustainable tourism. （___） 2.The library, which was built in 1990, has a large collection of travel books. （___） 【答案】1. R 2. NR 【知识梳理3】as与which 的特殊用法 两者均可指代整个主句，但存在差异。 【常见差异】 as 表“正如”，可置于句首、句中或句尾，常见搭配：as we know, as is reported, as expected which 表“这一点”，仅置于主句之后，常表因果关系 【即学即练】 1.He succeeded in the exam, ______ made his parents very happy. 2.______ is often the case, he arrived late for the meeting. 3.The film, ______ we had expected, was a great success. 【答案】1. which 2. As 3. as 【知识梳理4】“介词 + 关系代词” 与 “部分 + 关系代词” 结构 【常见搭配】 介词+ whom/which 部分 + whom/which 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1.The house ______ we lived last year has been pulled down. 2.There are 50 students in our class, most ______ are interested in travel. 【答案】1. in which 2. of whom Part 2 主题语境语法应用 【知识梳理1】核心词汇与短语在语法中的结合 1. accommodation n. 住宿 2.sustainable adj. 可持续的 3.at risk 处于危险中 4.live in harmony with 与……和谐共处 【例句】 1. The hotel, which offers comfortable accommodation, is popular among tourists. 2. We should support sustainable tourism, which protects the environment. 3.Many wildlife habitats, which are at risk from over-tourism, need protection. 4.The village, where people live in harmony with nature, is a model of eco-tourism. 【即学即练】 1.The restaurant ______（serve）local food is very popular. 2.We should avoid plastic products ______（harm）the environment. 3.The guide ______（know）the area well showed us around the scenic spot. 【答案】1. which serves 2. which harm 3. who knows 一、单句语法填空 1．In front of the café is a tourism highway, connects the store with many artistic villages. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：咖啡馆前面是一条旅游公路，它连接着这家店铺和许多艺术村落。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a tourism highway，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which，故填which。 2．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，他们中的大多数人都康复了。“most of _____ recovered”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词malaria patients，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom引导从句。故填whom。 3． the company hoped, the new product became popular among the teenagers within a short time. ( 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如该公司所期望的那样，这款新产品在很短的时间内就在青少年中广受欢迎了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，位于句首用as，首字母大写。故填As。 4．His new smartphone, he bought last month, was stolen yesterday. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他上个月买的新智能手机昨天被偷了。先行词his new smartphone指物，非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语，所以此处使用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．The company products are known worldwide is investing in new technology. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家产品闻名世界的公司正在投资新技术。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是company，指物，在从句中作定语，与products是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 6．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在1960年罗马奥运会期间受到公众关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级金牌，过程中展现出卓越的天赋和个性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the 1960 Rome Olympics”，表时间，从句中缺少时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 7．The famous scientist, we all admire, gave us a wonderful speech yesterday. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位我们都崇拜的著名科学家昨天给我们作了一次精彩的演讲。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词scientist指人，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词who/whom引导从句。故填who/whom。 8．Nowadays many people have opened their TikTok accounts, they share their ideas and feelings with us. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如今，许多人都开设了自己的抖音账户，在那里他们与我们分享他们的想法和感受。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是TikTok accounts，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 9．The research involved several experiments, made it difficult to combine the results. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这项研究涉及几个实验，这使得将结果结合起来很困难。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 10．Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of these achievements would be possible. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查关系代词。句意：我们要特别感谢成千上万的志愿者，没有他们不知疲倦的付出，这些成就都不可能实现。此处为“介词（without）+ 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词是“thousands of volunteers”，指人，与从句中的“tireless work”为所属关系，即“志愿者们的不知疲倦的工作”，应用关系代词whose作定语，指代先行词的所有格。故填whose。 二、课文语法填空 Sustainable tourism, 1.______ is becoming more and more popular, focuses on protecting the environment and local cultures. Tourists should choose transport with low carbon emissions,2.______ helps reduce pollution. They can stay in local hotels, 3.______ offer authentic experiences. The local communities,4.______ welfare depends on tourism, should benefit from visitors’ spending. 5.______ we often say, responsible travel is not just about seeing sights but also about respecting nature and people. 【答案】 1.which 2. which 3. which 4. whose 5. As 三、阅读理解 Have you ever thought about going on holiday and helping the planet at the same time? If so, Eco-tourism might be just what you’ re looking for. Eco-tourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a way to travel that tries to keep the environment safe and support efforts to look after nature. It’s like an adventure where you help protect the Earth. Eco-tourism is all about travelling responsibly. This means caring for the environment and helping local people in the places you visit. A real-life example of an Eco-holiday is the Sea Turtle Conservation Project in Costa Rica. This holiday offers a unique learning experience for those who love nature. When tourists arrive, guides introduce them to the amazing world of sea turtles. They learn about different turtle species, their life cycles, and the challenges they face in the wild. The guides teach why conservation matters and how tourists can help. Tourists can join local researchers on night patrols along the shore, looking for nesting turtles. They learn to spot turtle tracks and nests, and if they’ re lucky, they might see a turtle laying eggs. They help protect these nests by moving eggs to safe places. When the eggs hatch, tourists have the joy of releasing baby turtles into the ocean. Besides conservation work, tourists can enjoy Costa Rica’s beautiful nature — they can explore rainforest, see other wildlife, and relax on lovely sands. By going on an Eco-holiday like this, tourists have an unforgettable adventure and help protect sea turtles. They return home with special memories, new knowledge, and a bigger love for the natural world. Of course, we all love to go on holiday, but we must recognize that traditional tourism is becoming less sustainable due to the harm it causes to the environment. Eco-tourism offers a smarter way to explore the world — one that helps nature thrive and ensures future generations can enjoy its beauty too. 1．What is the main goal of Eco-tourism? A．To replace traditional tourism. B．To focus on adventure activities. C．To provide luxury accommodations. D．To protect the nature and support locals. 2．What can be inferred about the Sea Turtle Conservation Project? A．It enables tourists to explore underwater. B．It is intended for professional researchers. C．It combines education with protection work. D．It highlights entertainment over conservation. 3．How does the author develop the passage? A．By illustrating with a specific example. B．By comparing different types of tourism. C．By listing statistics about tourist numbers. D．By introducing traditional tourism practices. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游的概念、目标，以哥斯达黎加的海龟保护项目为例说明生态旅游的具体活动，还指出其相较于传统旅游的优势。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Eco-tourism is all about travelling responsibly. This means caring for the environment and helping local people in the places you visit.(生态旅游就是要进行负责任的旅行。这意味着要关爱环境并帮助你所到访地方的当地人)”可知，生态旅游的主要目标是保护自然和支持当地居民。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“When tourists arrive, guides introduce them to the amazing world of sea turtles. They learn about different turtle species, their life cycles, and the challenges they face in the wild. The guides teach why conservation matters and how tourists can help.(当游客到达时，导游会向他们介绍神奇的海龟世界。他们了解不同的海龟物种、它们的生命周期以及它们在野外面临的挑战。导游会讲解保护的重要性以及游客可以如何提供帮助)”和第四段中“Tourists can join local researchers on night patrols along the shore, looking for nesting turtles. They learn to spot turtle tracks and nests, and if they’ re lucky, they might see a turtle laying eggs. They help protect these nests by moving eggs to safe places. When the eggs hatch, tourists have the joy of releasing baby turtles into the ocean.(游客可以和当地的研究人员一起沿着海岸夜间巡逻，寻找筑巢的海龟。他们学会发现海龟的踪迹和巢穴，如果幸运的话，他们可能会看到海龟在产卵。它们通过把蛋移到安全的地方来保护这些巢穴。当海龟蛋孵化时，游客们会享受将小海龟放归大海的乐趣)”可知，海龟保护项目既让游客学习到关于海龟的知识，又让游客参与到保护工作中。由此推知，海龟保护项目将教育与保护工作相结合。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。文章第一、二段提出生态旅游的概念和目标，随后第三段“A real life example of an Eco holiday is the Sea Turtle Conservation Project in Costa Rica.(一个真实的生态旅游假期的例子是哥斯达黎加的海龟保护项目)”和下文详细介绍了哥斯达黎加的海龟保护项目和该项目中游客的活动等内容。由此可知，作者是通过举哥斯达黎加海龟保护项目这个具体例子来展开文章，以介绍生态旅游。故选A项。 一、阅读理解 A This summer, Europe’s most popular attractions are fighting back against overtourism (过度旅游). As many destinations move to restrict, fine and protest tourists for bad behavior, Copenhagen is trying a different approach to turning tourism from a negative force to a positive one. Tourism officials in Copenhagen introduced CopenPay, a new pilot project that will provide various gifts and benefits to travelers who engage in climate-friendly behaviors, such as taking public transport or volunteering in clean-up efforts. These include free coffee and free museum tours. Green actions have become a currency for enjoying Copenhagen’s free food and cultural experiences. Mikkel Aarø-Hansen, CEO of Wonderful Copenhagen, says the initiative is not meant to increase tourism but merely promotes a better way to go about it. It aims to help transform tourism from “an environmental burden” into a “force for positive change.” He adds, “An important step in this transformation is to change how we move around on the destination, what we consume, and how we interact with the locals.” According to a 2023 sustainable report from a London-based market research group, 81% of consumers say they want to act more sustainably, but only 22% have changed their behavior. Mikkel views CopenPay as an experimental step to bridge the gap between the desire to act sustainably and actual behavior. “We hope that by showing the success of this and other initiatives, other cities around the globe will be inspired to find their way to encourage more sustainable tourism behavior, ultimately leading to a more sustainable future for everyone.” Will Copenhagen’s strategy work? Only time will tell. Still, Randy Durband, chief executive of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council, believes it “deserves some credit for not shaking a fist at bad behavior but trying to make it fun and have some rewards and benefits.” 1．How does Copenhagen cope with overtourism? A．By rewarding tourists for their green actions. B．By providing free public transport for tourists. C．By charging a heavy fine for tourists’ bad behavior. D．By limiting the number of tourists in popular attractions. 2．What is CopenPay intended for? A．Improving the city’s image. B．Promoting sustainable tourism. C．Increasing income from tourism. D．Enriching tourists’ travel experiences. 3．What can be inferred about CopenPay from Mikkel Aarø-Hansen? A．It only works for a small number of tourists. B．It pushes the development of global tourism. C．It is expected to spread green tourism initiatives. D．It has inspired many cities to follow its example. 4．What is Randy Durband’s attitude towards CopenPay? A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Positive. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了哥本哈根正在尝试不同的方法，将旅游业从负面力量转变为积极力量。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tourism officials in Copenhagen introduced CopenPay, a new pilot project that will provide various gifts and benefits to travelers who engage in climate-friendly behaviors, such as taking public transport or volunteering in clean-up efforts.(哥本哈根的旅游官员介绍了CopenPay，这是一个新的试点项目，将为从事气候友好行为的旅行者提供各种礼物和福利，例如乘坐公共交通工具或自愿参与清理工作)”可知，哥本哈根为从事气候友好行为的旅行者提供各种礼物和福利，即哥本哈根通过奖励游客的绿色行动来应对过度旅游。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mikkel Aarø-Hansen, CEO of Wonderful Copenhagen, says the initiative is not meant to increase tourism but merely promotes a better way to go about it. It aims to help transform tourism from “an environmental burden” into a “force for positive change.”(Wonderful Copenhagen首席执行官Mikkel Aarø-Hansen表示，该倡议的目的不是增加旅游业，而只是促进更好的旅游方式。它的目的是帮助旅游业从“环境负担”转变为“积极变革的力量”)”可知，CopenPay的目的是促进更好的旅游方式，促进可持续旅游业发展。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mikkel views CopenPay as an experimental step to bridge the gap between the desire to act sustainably and actual behavior. “We hope that by showing the success of this and other initiatives, other cities around the globe will be inspired to find their way to encourage more sustainable tourism behavior, ultimately leading to a more sustainable future for everyone.”(Mikkel将CopenPay视为弥合可持续行动愿望与实际行为之间差距的实验性步骤。“我们希望通过展示这一举措和其他举措的成功，全球其他城市将受到启发，找到鼓励更可持续旅游行为的方法，最终为每个人带来更可持续的未来。”)”可知，根据Mikkel Aarø-Hansen所说，这一举措和其他举措的成功能够使其他城市受到启发，找到更可持续旅游的方法，即CopenPay有望推广绿色旅游的举措。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, Randy Durband, chief executive of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council, believes it “deserves some credit for not shaking a fist at bad behavior but trying to make it fun and have some rewards and benefits.”(尽管如此，全球可持续旅游理事会首席执行官Randy Durband认为，它“没有对不良行为挥拳相向，而是试图让它变得有趣，并获得一些奖励和好处，这值得称赞。”)”可知，Randy Durband表示哥本哈根的试点项目CopenPay获得了一些奖励和好处，这是值得称赞的，由此推知，Randy Durband对于CopenPay的态度是赞同的。故选D。 B On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest. By uniting hundreds of protected areas managed by various provinces, the new national park system’s goal is to strengthen conservation under the central authority of the new National Forestry and Grassland Administration(NFGA) These five parks cover an area two-third the size of the US national park system. The largest, Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, is almost the size of Mississippi. With such an ambitious plan, there are bound to be challenges. For one the government has to balance the need for the livelihoods of the locals with wildlife conservation. It has not announced a plan to create a permitting system that would regulate how people enjoy nature. What’s more,ecotourism-which is defined as tourism that benefits both locals and their environment-only exists in a fifth of China’s nature reserves. But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system. Since 2018, Sanjiangyuan National Park has run a community-led tourism program that benefits both locals and snow leopards(豹), the park’s main tourist draw. For $43 a day, visitors can stay with local families, who act as guides to spot these rare “cats” in the wild. “The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994. NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems. It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China’s national parks is to promote eco-civilizationa mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012, eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection. 1．Which park is home to the thirty endangered gibbons? A．Hainan National Park. B．Wolong Nature Reserve. C．Northeast National Park. D．Sanjiangyuan National Park. 2．What can be learned about Sanjiangyuan National Park? A．It is bigger than Mississippi. B．It sits on the Russian border. C．It is a pioneer in ecotourism. D．It has a mature permitting system. 3．Which word best describes Marc Brody’s attitude to ecotourism? A．Skeptical. B．Unconcerned C．Disapproving D．Positive 4．What is the main purpose of China’s national parks? A．To protect the endangered animals. B．To help the local people out of poverty. C．To balance the economy and the environment. D．To set a better development example for the world. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国刚刚成立的五个国家公园的特色、存在的问题及解决办法。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest.(2021年10月12日，中国正式宣布建立首批5个国家公园，这些公园是濒危物种的家园，从俄罗斯边境的西伯利亚虎到中国南部热带雨林中世界上最后30只海南黑冠长臂猿。)”可知海南国家公园是30只濒临灭绝的黑冠长臂猿的家园。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system.(但人们希望，三江源国家公园和卧龙自然保护区等自然保护区的现有生态旅游项目将激励其他地方在新的公园体系中做出努力。)”可知三江源国家公园是生态旅游的开拓者之一。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994.(社区已经做出了所有的主要决定，百分之百的收入将留在社区。从1994年开始在中国工作的Marc Brody说。)”可知Marc Brody对生态旅游的态度是积极肯定的。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems.It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China's national parks is to promote eco-civilization mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012，eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection. (NFGA认为精心设计的生态旅游可以改善当地的生态系统。它说中国国家公园的核心使命是促进生态文明，这一使命可以通过让游客参与来推进。2012年，中国宪法将生态文明写入，意味着科学地平衡经济发展和环境保护。)”可知，建立国家公园的主要目的是科学平衡经济发展与环境保护。故选C项。 C If you travel, you will leave a carbon footprint in your walk. You can’t help it. But eco-friendly travel practices can lighten the harm on Mother Earth. Green travel is not a passing trend but a lifestyle choice. 1 . Choosing a green destination No destination is a Green Giant. 2 . When researching a vacation spot, look for places that naturally embrace the green lifestyle. 3 What makes Mother Earth proud? Seeing you use your own power to get around. Many adventure tour operators arrange cycling, hiking and walking holidays. Next rides are trains and buses. The greenest rides typically run on electric power. For example, Switzerland is taking the lead with its hybrid buses trains powered by hydroelectricity (水力发电); Japan is running close behind. Choosing a green hotel 4 , you can make the greatest impact. Look for a fact sheet online, or call the front desk. You can search for hotels approved by respected certification programmes, such as Green Key and the Global Sustainable Tourism Council. Choosing green activities The Earth-friendly choices are numerous: You can sail, bike, kayak, swim, bird-watch and play I-spy-a-monkey in a tree. 5 . You can also lend a hand during your holiday. The green movement has changed from how to preserve and protect to how to use less and do good when you’re there. A．Choosing green cities B．Choosing green transportation C．If you can get the hotel right D．But some countries and cities show a deep commitment to Earth-friendly policies and practices E．Visit a local food market with a reusable bag for purchases F．Consider a fuel-efficient vehicle if you plan to drive G．Follow the tips and watch your footprints turn greener 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了一些绿色旅行的建议。 1．上文“If you travel, you will leave a carbon footprint in your walk. You can’t help it. But eco-friendly travel practices can lighten the harm on Mother Earth. Green travel is not a passing trend but a lifestyle choice.(如果你去旅行，你会在走路时留下碳足迹。你没办法。但环保的旅行习惯可以减轻对地球母亲的伤害。绿色旅行不是一时的潮流，而是一种生活方式的选择)”提到了去旅游时可能会留下碳足迹，引出了绿色旅行的概念；下文小标题“Choosing a green destination(选择绿色目的地)”开始提出具体建议。由此推知，设空处应为过渡句，需承上启下。G项“Follow the tips and watch your footprints turn greener(遵循这些小秘诀，看着你的足迹变得更绿)”恰好与上下文对应。故选G项。 2．小标题“Choosing a green destination(选择绿色目的地)”提到了选择绿色目的地；上文“No destination is a Green Giant.(没有哪个目的地是绿色巨人)”提到了没有哪个地方是完全绿色的；下文“When researching a vacation spot, look for places that naturally embrace the green lifestyle.(当你在寻找一个度假地点时，看看那些自然地拥抱绿色生活方式的地方)”又提到了寻找度假地点时，多看看那些自然拥抱绿色生活方式的地方。由此推知，设空处应与上文存在转折关系，又承接下文。D项“But some countries and cities show a deep commitment to Earth-friendly policies and practices(但一些国家和城市表现出对环保政策和做法的坚定承诺)”中的But some countries and cities与上文的No destination对应，而deep commitment to Earth-friendly policies and practices又与下文的naturally embrace the green lifestyle对应。故选D项。 3．设空处为小标题，应短小精悍且能概括段落主旨；下文“What makes Mother Earth proud? Seeing you use your own power to get around. Many adventure tour operators arrange cycling, hiking and walking holidays. Next rides are trains and buses. The greenest rides typically run on electric power. For example, Switzerland is taking the lead with its hybrid buses trains powered by hydroelectricity (水力发电); Japan is running close behind.(是什么让地球母亲感到骄傲？看着你用自己的力量四处游荡。许多探险旅游经营者安排骑自行车和徒步旅行等。接下来是火车和公共汽车。最环保的游乐设施通常使用电力。例如，瑞士率先推出了以水力发电为动力的混合动力公共汽车列车；日本紧随其后)”主要提到了出行方式要绿色，如骑自行车、徒步旅行、火车、公共汽车等。由此推知，本段主要建议选择绿色的交通方式。B项“Choosing green transportation(选择绿色交通)”最能概括本段主旨。故选B项。 4．小标题“Choosing a green hotel(选择绿色酒店)”提到了选择绿色酒店；设空处与后半句为主从复合句，下文“you can make the greatest impact.(你可以产生最大的影响)”提到了可以产生最大的影响。由此推知，设空处应为“产生最大影响”的条件。C项“If you can get the hotel right(如果你能找到合适的旅馆)”中的hotel与小标题的green hotel对应，right又与下文的the greatest impact对应。故选C项。 5．小标题“Choosing green activities(选择绿色活动)”提到了选择绿色的活动；上文“The Earth-friendly choices are numerous: You can sail, bike, kayak, swim, bird-watch and play I-spy-a-monkey in a tree.(对地球友好的选择有很多：你可以航海、骑自行车、划皮艇、游泳、观鸟和在树上玩捉迷藏)”列举了航海、骑自行车等不同的绿色活动；下文“You can also lend a hand during your holiday. The green movement has changed from how to preserve and protect to how to use less and do good when you’re there. (你也可以在度假时伸出援手。绿色运动已经从如何保存和保护转变为如何减少使用和做好事)”继续提出具体的绿色活动——伸出援手。由此可推知，设空处也是在列举具体的绿色活动建议。E项“Visit a local food market with a reusable bag for purchases(带着可重复使用的袋子去当地的食品市场买东西)”与上下文对应。故选E项。 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share more ways to be a sustainable tourist, using non -restrictive relative clause. Example When you travel, never buy wildlife products, which are made form animal skins or other animal parts. 【答案】 When visiting national parks, where the ecosystem might be particularly sensitive, we should make sure that we do not disturb the balance of nature in any way. Local communities, whose needs are often overlooked, should benefit from tourism. We can use locally owned businesses like hotels, restaurants and travel agencies, which offer a more authentic travel experience as well as ensure that tourists' money supports local communities. When travelling, try to reduce single-use plastic items like shopping bags,which take many years to break down in the environment and can injure wildlife that mistakenly eats them. 三、思维提升-书面表达 本节课作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业一和作业二，基础较好的同学可以选择作业二和作业三。 一、单句语法填空 1. My hometown, ______ attracts tourists from across the country, looks quite different from what it was when I was a child. 2. Einstein, ____ we all know is a great scientist, developed the theory of relativity more than 100 years ago. 3. Sometimes we had to work until the early hours of the morning, ______ most people were still fast asleep. 4. My hobby is reading books, on _____ I spend most of my spare money. 5. Our teachers always try to create a relaxed atmosphere in class, ______ we can enjoy the learning experience. 6. ___ we all know, travelling can give us opportunities to broaden our horizons. 7. There are about 1,000 students in our school, most of ______ are from the suburbs. 8. We were all very grateful to John, ______ help contributed greatly to our success. 9. There are dozens of TV channels available, some of _____ specialize in art and literature. 10. Hundreds of people came to the town to enjoy the beauties of nature, ______ was usual on weekends. 【答案】 1.which 2.as 3.when 4.which 5. where 6.As 7.whom 8.whose 9.which 1. 10.which 二、翻译句子 1. 他有一个姐姐，她是一个老师。 ________________________________________________________________ 2. 汤姆赢了这个游戏，这让我们感到很意外。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 正如Dragon所告诉我们的，我们都是很聪明的学生。 ________________________________________________________________ 4. 他还给我们讲了个笑话，惹得每个人都哈哈大笑。 ________________________________________________________________ 5. 王老师是一位很优秀的老师，他的话影响了很多人。 ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.He has a sister, who is a teacher. 2. Tom won the game, which made us surprised. 3. As Dragon told us, we are very clever students. 4. He even told us a joke, which made everyone laugh so much. 5. Mr. Wang is an excellent teacher, whose words have influenced many people. 三、实战高考 1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2. Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 3. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ______ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 4. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______ is not good for the health. 5. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ______ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.  【答案】 1.which 2.who 3.which 4.which 5. as 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1 Wish you were here Grammar and usage（导学案） 1.掌握非限制性定语从句的核心用法，熟练运用 who/whom/whose/which/where/when/as 等关系词，区分其与限制性定语从句的差异。 2. 把握旅游与可持续旅游主题语境，掌握略读、精读等技巧，提取文本中语法应用的关键信息。 3. 理解可持续旅游的内涵，树立环保旅游与跨文化尊重意识，增强社会责任感。 4. 能运用非限制性定语从句完成句子改写、短文填空及观点表达，提升语法综合运用能力。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1.________ /ˈkɒntrɑːst/ n.差异，差别；对照物 2. ________/stɑːv/ vi. & vt.（使）饿死，（使）挨饿 3. ________ /dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)/ n.离开，起程 4. ________ /ˈmænə(r)/ n.方式，方法；举止 5. ________ /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ n.消耗，消耗量；消费 二、词块记忆 1.归结为___________ 2.反过来；依次___________ 3. 旅游胜地 ___________ 4. 处于危险中___________ 5. 与…… 和谐共处 ___________ 6. 旨在；目标是 ___________ 7.可持续发展 ___________ 8. 服务行业 ____________ Part 1 非限制性定语从句核心用法 【知识梳理1】非限制性定语从句的定义与形式 非限制性定语从句用于对先行词（名词、代词、短语）或整个主句进行补充说明，与主句之间用逗号隔开，关系词不可省略，不用 that/why 引导。 【常用关系词】 指代人：who/whom/whose 指代物或整个主句：whicha popular destination 热门目的地 指代时间： when 指代地点：/where 表 “正如”：as（可置于句首 / 中 / 尾）. 【例句】 1. She met her old friend, who is now a famous doctor.（who 指代 friend，作主语） 2. He bought a new camera, which takes excellent photos.（which 指代 camera） 3.We visited Beijing in July, when the weather is hot.（when 指代 July） 4.They went to Lijiang, where the scenery is breathtaking.（where 指代 Lijiang） 5.As we all know, sustainable tourism is important for the planet. 【即学即练】 1.My English teacher, ______ is from Canada, often shares travel stories with us. 2.We visited the Great Wall, ______ is one of the world’s greatest landmarks. 3.She graduated in 2020, ______ she started working in a travel agency. 4.______ is reported, more people choose eco-friendly travel now. 【知识梳理2】非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别 【常用搭配】 特征 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 标点 无逗号分隔 有逗号 语义功能 限定先行词，不可或缺 补充说明，去掉不影响句意 关系词 可省略 that/which（作宾语时） 不可省略，不用 that/why 翻译 译为 “…… 的” 可译为并列句或独立分句 【即学即练】 判断下列句子为限制性（R）或非限制性（NR）定语从句，并说明理由。 1.The book that I borrowed from the library is about sustainable tourism. （___） 2.The library, which was built in 1990, has a large collection of travel books. （___） 【知识梳理3】as与which 的特殊用法 两者均可指代整个主句，但存在差异。 【常见差异】 as 表“正如”，可置于句首、句中或句尾，常见搭配：as we know, as is reported, as expected which 表“这一点”，仅置于主句之后，常表因果关系 【即学即练】 1.He succeeded in the exam, ______ made his parents very happy. 2.______ is often the case, he arrived late for the meeting. 3.The film, ______ we had expected, was a great success. 【知识梳理4】“介词 + 关系代词” 与 “部分 + 关系代词” 结构 【常见搭配】 介词+ whom/which 部分 + whom/which 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1.The house ______ we lived last year has been pulled down. 2.There are 50 students in our class, most ______ are interested in travel. Part 2 主题语境语法应用 【知识梳理1】核心词汇与短语在语法中的结合 1. accommodation n. 住宿 2.sustainable adj. 可持续的 3.at risk 处于危险中 4.live in harmony with 与……和谐共处 【例句】 1. The hotel, which offers comfortable accommodation, is popular among tourists. 2. We should support sustainable tourism, which protects the environment. 3.Many wildlife habitats, which are at risk from over-tourism, need protection. 4.The village, where people live in harmony with nature, is a model of eco-tourism. 【即学即练】 1.The restaurant ______（serve）local food is very popular. 2.We should avoid plastic products ______（harm）the environment. 3.The guide ______（know）the area well showed us around the scenic spot. 一、单句语法填空 1．In front of the café is a tourism highway, connects the store with many artistic villages. （用适当的词填空） 2．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. (用适当的词填空) 3． the company hoped, the new product became popular among the teenagers within a short time. ( 4．His new smartphone, he bought last month, was stolen yesterday. 5．The company products are known worldwide is investing in new technology. 6．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. 7．The famous scientist, we all admire, gave us a wonderful speech yesterday. 8．Nowadays many people have opened their TikTok accounts, they share their ideas and feelings with us. 9．The research involved several experiments, made it difficult to combine the results. 10．Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of these achievements would be possible. 二、课文语法填空 Sustainable tourism, 1.______ is becoming more and more popular, focuses on protecting the environment and local cultures. Tourists should choose transport with low carbon emissions,2.______ helps reduce pollution. They can stay in local hotels, 3.______ offer authentic experiences. The local communities,4.______ welfare depends on tourism, should benefit from visitors’ spending. 5.______ we often say, responsible travel is not just about seeing sights but also about respecting nature and people. 三、阅读理解 Have you ever thought about going on holiday and helping the planet at the same time? If so, Eco-tourism might be just what you’ re looking for. Eco-tourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a way to travel that tries to keep the environment safe and support efforts to look after nature. It’s like an adventure where you help protect the Earth. Eco-tourism is all about travelling responsibly. This means caring for the environment and helping local people in the places you visit. A real-life example of an Eco-holiday is the Sea Turtle Conservation Project in Costa Rica. This holiday offers a unique learning experience for those who love nature. When tourists arrive, guides introduce them to the amazing world of sea turtles. They learn about different turtle species, their life cycles, and the challenges they face in the wild. The guides teach why conservation matters and how tourists can help. Tourists can join local researchers on night patrols along the shore, looking for nesting turtles. They learn to spot turtle tracks and nests, and if they’ re lucky, they might see a turtle laying eggs. They help protect these nests by moving eggs to safe places. When the eggs hatch, tourists have the joy of releasing baby turtles into the ocean. Besides conservation work, tourists can enjoy Costa Rica’s beautiful nature — they can explore rainforest, see other wildlife, and relax on lovely sands. By going on an Eco-holiday like this, tourists have an unforgettable adventure and help protect sea turtles. They return home with special memories, new knowledge, and a bigger love for the natural world. Of course, we all love to go on holiday, but we must recognize that traditional tourism is becoming less sustainable due to the harm it causes to the environment. Eco-tourism offers a smarter way to explore the world — one that helps nature thrive and ensures future generations can enjoy its beauty too. 1．What is the main goal of Eco-tourism? A．To replace traditional tourism. B．To focus on adventure activities. C．To provide luxury accommodations. D．To protect the nature and support locals. 2．What can be inferred about the Sea Turtle Conservation Project? A．It enables tourists to explore underwater. B．It is intended for professional researchers. C．It combines education with protection work. D．It highlights entertainment over conservation. 3．How does the author develop the passage? A．By illustrating with a specific example. B．By comparing different types of tourism. C．By listing statistics about tourist numbers. D．By introducing traditional tourism practices. 一、阅读理解 A This summer, Europe’s most popular attractions are fighting back against overtourism (过度旅游). As many destinations move to restrict, fine and protest tourists for bad behavior, Copenhagen is trying a different approach to turning tourism from a negative force to a positive one. Tourism officials in Copenhagen introduced CopenPay, a new pilot project that will provide various gifts and benefits to travelers who engage in climate-friendly behaviors, such as taking public transport or volunteering in clean-up efforts. These include free coffee and free museum tours. Green actions have become a currency for enjoying Copenhagen’s free food and cultural experiences. Mikkel Aarø-Hansen, CEO of Wonderful Copenhagen, says the initiative is not meant to increase tourism but merely promotes a better way to go about it. It aims to help transform tourism from “an environmental burden” into a “force for positive change.” He adds, “An important step in this transformation is to change how we move around on the destination, what we consume, and how we interact with the locals.” According to a 2023 sustainable report from a London-based market research group, 81% of consumers say they want to act more sustainably, but only 22% have changed their behavior. Mikkel views CopenPay as an experimental step to bridge the gap between the desire to act sustainably and actual behavior. “We hope that by showing the success of this and other initiatives, other cities around the globe will be inspired to find their way to encourage more sustainable tourism behavior, ultimately leading to a more sustainable future for everyone.” Will Copenhagen’s strategy work? Only time will tell. Still, Randy Durband, chief executive of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council, believes it “deserves some credit for not shaking a fist at bad behavior but trying to make it fun and have some rewards and benefits.” 1．How does Copenhagen cope with overtourism? A．By rewarding tourists for their green actions. B．By providing free public transport for tourists. C．By charging a heavy fine for tourists’ bad behavior. D．By limiting the number of tourists in popular attractions. 2．What is CopenPay intended for? A．Improving the city’s image. B．Promoting sustainable tourism. C．Increasing income from tourism. D．Enriching tourists’ travel experiences. 3．What can be inferred about CopenPay from Mikkel Aarø-Hansen? A．It only works for a small number of tourists. B．It pushes the development of global tourism. C．It is expected to spread green tourism initiatives. D．It has inspired many cities to follow its example. 4．What is Randy Durband’s attitude towards CopenPay? A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Positive. B On October 12,2021,China officially announced its first five national parks, which are homes to endangered species ranging from the Siberian tigers on the Russian border to the world’s last 30 Hainan black crested gibbons(黑冠长臂猿)in southern China’s tropical rainforest. By uniting hundreds of protected areas managed by various provinces, the new national park system’s goal is to strengthen conservation under the central authority of the new National Forestry and Grassland Administration(NFGA) These five parks cover an area two-third the size of the US national park system. The largest, Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province, is almost the size of Mississippi. With such an ambitious plan, there are bound to be challenges. For one the government has to balance the need for the livelihoods of the locals with wildlife conservation. It has not announced a plan to create a permitting system that would regulate how people enjoy nature. What’s more,ecotourism-which is defined as tourism that benefits both locals and their environment-only exists in a fifth of China’s nature reserves. But there’s hope that the existing ecotourism projects in such nature reserves as Sanjiangyuan National Park and Wolong Nature Reserve will inspire efforts elsewhere in the new park system. Since 2018, Sanjiangyuan National Park has run a community-led tourism program that benefits both locals and snow leopards(豹), the park’s main tourist draw. For $43 a day, visitors can stay with local families, who act as guides to spot these rare “cats” in the wild. “The community has made all the major decisions, and 100 percent of the income stays in the community. It’s been incredibly successful,” says Marc Brody, who has worked in China since 1994. NFGA agrees that well-designed ecotourism can improve local ecosystems. It says that a core mission(核心使命)of China’s national parks is to promote eco-civilizationa mission that can be advanced by involving visitors Written into China’s constitution(宪法)in 2012, eco-civilization means scientifically balancing the economic development and the environmental protection. 1．Which park is home to the thirty endangered gibbons? A．Hainan National Park. B．Wolong Nature Reserve. C．Northeast National Park. D．Sanjiangyuan National Park. 2．What can be learned about Sanjiangyuan National Park? A．It is bigger than Mississippi. B．It sits on the Russian border. C．It is a pioneer in ecotourism. D．It has a mature permitting system. 3．Which word best describes Marc Brody’s attitude to ecotourism? A．Skeptical. B．Unconcerned C．Disapproving D．Positive 4．What is the main purpose of China’s national parks? A．To protect the endangered animals. B．To help the local people out of poverty. C．To balance the economy and the environment. D．To set a better development example for the world. C If you travel, you will leave a carbon footprint in your walk. You can’t help it. But eco-friendly travel practices can lighten the harm on Mother Earth. Green travel is not a passing trend but a lifestyle choice. 1 . Choosing a green destination No destination is a Green Giant. 2 . When researching a vacation spot, look for places that naturally embrace the green lifestyle. 3 What makes Mother Earth proud? Seeing you use your own power to get around. Many adventure tour operators arrange cycling, hiking and walking holidays. Next rides are trains and buses. The greenest rides typically run on electric power. For example, Switzerland is taking the lead with its hybrid buses trains powered by hydroelectricity (水力发电); Japan is running close behind. Choosing a green hotel 4 , you can make the greatest impact. Look for a fact sheet online, or call the front desk. You can search for hotels approved by respected certification programmes, such as Green Key and the Global Sustainable Tourism Council. Choosing green activities The Earth-friendly choices are numerous: You can sail, bike, kayak, swim, bird-watch and play I-spy-a-monkey in a tree. 5 . You can also lend a hand during your holiday. The green movement has changed from how to preserve and protect to how to use less and do good when you’re there. A．Choosing green cities B．Choosing green transportation C．If you can get the hotel right D．But some countries and cities show a deep commitment to Earth-friendly policies and practices E．Visit a local food market with a reusable bag for purchases F．Consider a fuel-efficient vehicle if you plan to drive G．Follow the tips and watch your footprints turn greener 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share more ways to be a sustainable tourist, using non -restrictive relative clause. Example When you travel, never buy wildlife products, which are made form animal skins or other animal parts. 【答案】 三、思维提升-书面表达 本节课作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业一和作业二，基础较好的同学可以选择作业二和作业三。 一、单句语法填空 1. My hometown, ______ attracts tourists from across the country, looks quite different from what it was when I was a child. 2. Einstein, ____ we all know is a great scientist, developed the theory of relativity more than 100 years ago. 3. Sometimes we had to work until the early hours of the morning, ______ most people were still fast asleep. 4. My hobby is reading books, on _____ I spend most of my spare money. 5. Our teachers always try to create a relaxed atmosphere in class, ______ we can enjoy the learning experience. 6. ___ we all know, travelling can give us opportunities to broaden our horizons. 7. There are about 1,000 students in our school, most of ______ are from the suburbs. 8. We were all very grateful to John, ______ help contributed greatly to our success. 9. There are dozens of TV channels available, some of _____ specialize in art and literature. 10. Hundreds of people came to the town to enjoy the beauties of nature, ______ was usual on weekends. 二、翻译句子 1. 他有一个姐姐，她是一个老师。 ________________________________________________________________ 2. 汤姆赢了这个游戏，这让我们感到很意外。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 正如Dragon所告诉我们的，我们都是很聪明的学生。 ________________________________________________________________ 4. 他还给我们讲了个笑话，惹得每个人都哈哈大笑。 ________________________________________________________________ 5. 王老师是一位很优秀的老师，他的话影响了很多人。 ________________________________________________________________ 三、实战高考 1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 2. Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 3. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ______ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 4. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______ is not good for the health. 5. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ______ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.  1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $