Unit 1 Science fiction一轮复习同步话题真题检测-2026届高三英语人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit 1　SCIENCE FICTION 同步话题真题检测 一、阅读理解 1.[2024·全国甲卷D] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章首先通过作者与教授关于小说结局的讨论引发了对结局的思考,接着阐述了不同类型的文学作品结局的特点,最后提出了写作中好的结局的重要性并介绍了Writer's Digest杂志如何帮助作家写出更好的结尾。 32.A　细节理解题。根据第一段“‘I didn't like the ending,’ I said to my favourite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.”可知,作者去找Gracie教授是为了讨论小说。故选A项。 33.C　推理判断题。根据第二段“This was an ah-ha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.”可知,见过Gracie教授后,作者意识到了每种类型的文学都有其独特的结局。故选C项。 34.B　推理判断题。根据第三段“But writing the end—that's hard. It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters.”可知,人们对一个好结局的期望是结局不能显得凭空而来,又要适合角色的设定,也就是符合故事的发展。故选B项。 35.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“That's why this issue (期) of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyses the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.”可知,作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊丽莎白·西姆斯是为了强调这期Writer's Digest的主题,即帮助读者写出更好的结尾。故选B项。 2.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷C] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一本关于书本的书,该书通过来自世界各地博物馆的艺术作品展现了读书场景在历史中的呈现和超越文化和时间的人性共同点。 28.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”(《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》是对一种日常物品——书籍的颂扬,在这本书中,书籍被来自世界各地博物馆的近三百件艺术品展示。)及下文内容可知,本文主要是对于《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书的介绍。由此可推知,本文可能取自对一本书的介绍。故选A项。 29.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed(描绘)alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.”(我们看到孩子们在家中或学校里学习阅读的场景,以书作为几代人之间关系的中心。成年人被单独描绘在许多不同的场景和姿态下——沉浸在一卷书中,陷入沉思,或是沉醉于闲暇片刻之中。)可知,被选中的艺术作品是有关书籍和阅读的,故选C项。 30.A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前文“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments…”可知,这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的,但它们记录了一些我们都能“relate to”的时刻。再根据第二段中的“We see scenes of children learning to …”可推知,这些场景我们都很熟悉,因此也能理解,故画线部分“relate to”意为“理解”。故选A项。 31.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader.”(过去曾经认为持续发展的通讯技术将使印刷页面过时。从21世纪的角度来看,印刷书籍确实是古老的,但它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性。)可推知,作者提到电子阅读器是为了说明印刷的书并没有完全过时。故选A项。 3.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷C] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本有关数字极简主义的书的具体内容。 28.B　细节理解题。根据第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.”可知,这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护,包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效,然后如果你认为它适合你,教你如何采用这种哲学,即这本书旨在倡导一种数字极简生活方式。 29.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.”可知,这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。由此推知,画线词所在句意为“第一部分通过介绍我建议的采用这一哲学的方法:数字清理进行了总结”,因此画线词的含义为“清理”。 30.C　推理判断题。根据第四段“You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.”可知,第一部分的最后一章介绍了数字清理的实际例子。 31.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.”(你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱,旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式。)可知,作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。 4.[2023·全国乙卷D] 【文章大意】 本文出自一本书的节选,探讨了历史记录中文本与物品之间的关系,指出仅凭文本无法全面记录历史,文章提到了物品记录历史的重要性,它在提供双方信息平衡方面具有重要意义。 32.A　段落大意题。根据第一段中“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone…”及“…until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的)societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.”可知,如果你想讲述整个世界的历史,一个不偏袒人类中的某一部分的历史,你无法仅仅通过文本来实现,甚至直到最近,许多有文字记录的社会也不仅仅是通过书写来记录他们的关注点,他们还通过物品来记录。由此可知,第一段主要介绍了过去的事件应该如何被呈现出来。故选A项。 33.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield(盾)dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.”可知,从英国方面,我们有科学报告和船长对那个可怕的日子的记录。从澳洲方面,我们只有一个被一个人在初次经历了枪击后逃跑时扔下的木盾。由此可推知,作者在第二段提及库克船长是为了说明他的记录只是单方面的。故选D项。 34.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词前“…all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue.”可知,我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的,只是单方面的,不是历史的全部真相;根据画线词所在句“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.”可知,如果我们想找到那个“conversation”的另一半,我们不仅需要读文本,还需要读物品。由此可推知,画线词指的是“历史”,故选B项。 35.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that…”和最后一段中“The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made…”可知,本书包括了很多能够反映历史的物品。由此可推知,本文最有可能出自《100件文物中的世界史》这本书。故选C项。 5.[2023·全国甲卷C] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。作者向读者介绍了Eric Weiner的哲学书The Socrates Express。 28.C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World…It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).”可知,在作者大约13岁的时候,一个叔叔给了作者一本乔斯坦·贾德的《苏菲的世界》。它把作者带进了哲学的世界。故选C。 29.D　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.”可知,韦纳书中的每一章都以城市之间的火车旅行场景开始,然后他介绍每个哲学家的作品和一件他们可以帮助我们做得更好的事情。最终的结果是,我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考,像梭罗一样看待事情,像叔本华一样倾听,像尼采那样没有遗憾。这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书,更是一本关于学习使用哲学来改善生活的书。由此可推知,作者列出伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。 30.B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书,还是一本关于学习使用哲学来改善生活的书。)”和第五段中的“He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences…(他把哲学思维变成一种吸引人的实践,提高我们的经历的质量……)”以及最后一段中的“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging.(《苏格拉底特快列车》是一本有趣、犀利的书,以其明显的简洁吸引了读者,并逐渐引起了他们对欲望、孤独和衰老的更深刻的思考。)”可知,作者认为书中的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。 31.D　推理判断题。根据文章第五段“He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humour. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.”可知,他把哲学思维变成一种吸引人的实践,提高我们的经历的质量,而且他非常幽默。韦纳与一些历史上最重要的哲学家进行了对话,解读了他们的信息,加入了他自己的解释。由此推知,韦纳的书既幽默又易懂。故选D。 6.[2022·新高考全国II卷七选五] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 36.D　空格处是本段的主题句,由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.”可知,本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写,且根据上文可知,此处应该是说第一个写作技巧。D选项 (首先,学习不间断写作的技巧。)概括了本段的主要内容,可作为主题句,故选D。 37.B　空前说“Stay loose and free.”,空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.”,因此空格处应说按心里想的写,自由发挥,B选项 (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)说明了按自己的思路和想法来写,承上启下,符合语境,故选B。 38.E　空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.”,空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.”。E选项 (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应,说明了有很多人想一次就写好,这是不合理的,要学会允许不完美的存在,因此E选项承上启下,符合语境,故选E。 39.F　根据空前 “The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.”可知第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本,以便有修改的空间。F选项 (许多新手作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)中的revise呼应前面的revision,指出了新手作者的常见做法,且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相呼应,因此F选项承上启下,符合语境,故选F。 40.G　根据空前“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.”和空后“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.”可知空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么。G选项 (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿,同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法,其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应,因此G选项承上启下,符合语境,故选G。 7.[2021·新高考全国II卷] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。 36.D　根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.”可知,接下来应介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项“Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.”(这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。)承上启下。故选D。 37.G　根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.”(在你打开书之前,确保你感到舒服。)可知,本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项“Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.”(保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。)承接上文。故选G。 38.B　空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.”(查看目录、前言、章节标题等。)可知,本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项“Spend a few minutes looking through the book.”(花几分钟浏览一下这本书。)引起下文,可作为本段主旨句。故选B。 39.C　根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.”(如果你决定要读完整本书,决定一下你一次能读多少。)和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.”(以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。)可知,看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项“This depends on the type of book you are reading.”(这取决于你读的书的类型。)承上启下。故选C。 40.E　根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.”(总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。)以及空格后的“Note…”可知,本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项“Make a note of any page which is of special importance.”(把任何特别重要的一页都记下来。)与之呼应。故选E。 二、完形填空 1.[2024·浙江1月考]阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子,在交谈中发现,这名年轻人是一名公路建设者,在繁忙的劳动之余自学文学,作者对他开阔的视野和思想感到由衷的钦佩。 41.B　根据后文“…with a local that all travellers long for.”可知,作者和一个当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。experiment实验; encounter邂逅; competition比赛; appointment约会,任命。 42.D　根据后文me on the train以及下文两人的交谈可知,一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。treat对待; save拯救; lecture开讲座; approach靠近。 43.C　根据上文a young Chinese man可知,两人是在火车上认识的,所以是新朋友。故选C。true真的; so-called所谓的; new新的; long-lost长时间没有见面的。 44.A　根据后文to practise my Chinese可知,作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。chance机会; advice建议; trouble麻烦; right权利。 45.C　根据后文a two-year professional school可知,这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。visit拜访; finance提供资金; attend参加,上(学); found成立。 46.A　根据后文this highway builder可知,这个年轻人的工作是修建公路。故选A。build修建; sweep打扫; check检查; guard守卫。 47.D　根据后文“…this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labour.”可知,这个年轻人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习,这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。typical典型的; obvious显然的; natural自然的; remarkable引人注目的。 48.B　根据后文a translated Emerson passage可知,这个年轻人引用爱默生的一段话,故选B。publish出版; quote引用; copy复制; download下载。 49.A　根据上文“…a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American…”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?”可知,这个年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。writer作者; historian历史学家; worker工人; student学生。 50.C　根据后文him asking at one point可知,作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。anticipate预期; imagine想象; recall回忆起,记起; catch抓住。 51.B　根据后文“…my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.”可知,这个年轻人从来没有去过离家几百英里的地方,因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。look into调查; rely on依靠; go over复习; deal with处理。 52.D　根据上文“…this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labour.”可知,这个年轻人会自学。故选D。well-behaved行为端正的; multi-skilled多技能的; warm-hearted热心的; self-educated自学的。 53.C　根据后文“…me just how much one can gain from…”可知,这个年轻人通过自己向作者展示了带着开放的心态旅行的意义。故选C。ask询问; warn警告; show展示; promise承诺。 54.A　根据后文“…with an open mind, and a willingness to…”并结合作者当时在乘火车旅行可知,此处是指带着开放的心态旅行,故选A。travel旅行; read阅读; search搜索; teach教授。 55.D　根据后文with locals from all walks of life可知,此处是指和各行各业的当地人打交道,应用短语engage with。故选D。cooperate合作; side 支持; negotiate协商; engage与……建立密切关系。 三、语法填空 1.[2023·全国甲卷]阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Rachel Carson的书《明天的寓言》的写作风格和特点,说明了寓言形式在现在仍然有价值,它依然可以被利用以引起人们对重要真理的关注。 61.to teach　考查不定式。句意:几千年来,人们讲寓言故事或为了教课或为了传递智慧。根据空后的or to pass on wisdom可知,此处和后文是并列关系,故填to teach。 62.sixth　考查序数词。句意:寓言是许多早期文化的口头传统的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前六世纪。根据句意可知,这里指公元前六世纪,故填序数词sixth。 63.as　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:正如Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中所说,今天寓言的形式仍然有价值。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句,as作says的宾语,指代前面整个句子的内容。故填as。 64.where　考查定语从句。句意:在那里所有的生命似乎都享受着和周围环境的和平共处。此处是where引导的定语从句,where在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 65.borrowing　考查现在分词。句意:从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的言语。her fable和borrow之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 66.intended　考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,简单形式的背后是专门为每个人提供的严肃信息。此处是过去分词短语作定语,修饰message。可改写为:which is intended for everyone。故填intended。 67.Different　考查形容词。句意:与传统的寓言不同,Carson的故事以一种指责而不是一种寓意结束。根据句意可知,此处是形容词短语作状语,其逻辑主语和句子的主语一致,都是Carson's story。故填Different。 68.for　考查固定短语。句意:她提醒(读者)注意社会面临的环境危险,她教育人们必须对挽救他们的环境负责任。此处考查短语take responsibility for…意为“对……负责任”。故填for。 69.warning　考查名词。句意:然而,Carson的主题是一个更加重要的有关环境破坏的警告。根据前文的a和形容词weighty可知此处用单数名词warning。故填warning。 70.be employed　考查动词语态。句意:Carson证明了一种被传承了多年的简单的文学形式依然能在今天被利用以引起人们对重要真理的注意。此处从句的主语是a simple literary form,这里指这种文学形式被利用。又因为空处在情态动词can后面。故填be employed。 2.[2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版背景和目的等方面的信息。 56.to begin　考查动词不定式。本题考查“It is+adj.+for sb to do sth.”结构,该结构中it作形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式。故填to begin。 57.educational　考查形容词。修饰名词词组computer programs应用形容词。故填educational。 58.requirement　考查名词。动词become后应接名词作宾语,根据前面的不定冠词a可知,要用名词的单数形式。故填requirement。 59.professions　考查名词复数。名词profession为可数名词,根据前面的most可知用复数形式。故填professions。 60.that/which　考查定语从句。句中先行词为volumes,在定语从句中作主语,所以从句用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 61.a　考查冠词。a range of一套,一系列。wide的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 62.and　考查连词。空前后都为句子的谓语,为并列关系,所以用连词and。故填and。 63.is　考查时态和主谓一致。本句主语为the number,谓语动词用单数。再根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填is。 64.are encouraged　考查时态和语态。主语readers与encourage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。再根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填are encouraged。 65.our　考查代词。修饰Further Resources section应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1　SCIENCE FICTION 同步话题真题检测 一、阅读理解 1.[2024·全国甲卷D] 　　“I didn't like the ending,” I said to my favourite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof.Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. This was an ah-ha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier. But writing the end—that's hard. It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters. That's why this issue (期) of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. If it's short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyses the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. This issue won't tell you what your ending should be—that's up to you and the story you're telling—but it might provide what you need to get there. (　)32.Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie? A.To discuss a novel. B.To submit a book report. C.To argue for a writer. D.To ask for a reading list. (　)33.What did the author realize after seeing Prof. Gracie? A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences. B.Readers are often carried away by characters. C.Each type of literature has its unique ending. D.A story which begins well will end well. (　)34.What is expected of a good ending? A.It satisfies readers' taste. B.It fits with the story development. C.It is usually positive. D.It is open for imagination. (　)35.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? A.To give examples of great novelists. B.To stress the theme of this issue. C.To encourage writing for the magazine. D.To recommend their new books. 2.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷C] Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.  Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity. (　)28.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.An introduction to a book. B.An essay on the art of writing. C.A guidebook to a museum. D.A review of modern paintings. (　)29.What are the selected artworks about? A.Wealth and intellect. B.Home and school. C.Books and reading. D.Work and leisure. (　)30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Understand. B.Paint. C.Seize. D.Transform. (　)31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A.The printed book is not totally out of date. B.Technology has changed the way we read. C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D.People now rarely have the patience to read. 3.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷C] The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate(培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. (　)28.What is the book aimed at? A.Teaching critical thinking skills. B.Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C.Solving philosophical problems. D.Promoting the use of a digital device. (　)29.What does the underlined word“declutter” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Clear-up. B.Add-on. C.Check-in. D.Take-over. (　)30.What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A.Theoretical models. B.Statistical methods. C.Practical examples. D.Historical analyses. (　)31.What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A.Use them as needed. B.Recommend them to friends. C.Evaluate their effects. D.Identify the ideas behind them. 4.[2023·全国乙卷D] If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity's later achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield(盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts,but the objects. (　)32.What is the first paragraph mainly about? A.How past events should be presented. B.What humanity is concerned about. C.Whether facts speak louder than words. D.Why written language is reliable. (　)33.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in Paragraph 2? A.His report was scientific. B.He represented the local people. C.He ruled over Botany Bay. D.His record was one-sided. (　)34.What does the underlined word “conversation” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society. (　)35.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World. B.A Short History of Australia. C.A History of the World in 100 Objects. D.How Art Works Tell Stories. 5.[2023·全国甲卷C] I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学). That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you—and then try to explain them. Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy,is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life. He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humour. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation. The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of. (　)28.Who opened the door to philosophy for the author? A.Foucault. B.Eric Weiner. C.Jostein Gaarder. D.A college teacher. (　)29.Why does the author list great philosophers in Paragraph 4? A.To compare Weiner with them. B.To give examples of great works. C.To praise their writing skills. D.To help readers understand Weiner's book. (　)30.What does the author like about The Socrates Express? A.Its views on history are well-presented. B.Its ideas can be applied to daily life. C.It includes comments from readers. D.It leaves an open ending. (　)31.What does the author think of Weiner's book? A.Objective and plain. B.Daring and ambitious. C.Serious and hard to follow. D.Humorous and straightforward. 6.[2022·新高考全国II卷七选五] Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practise three simple techniques. 36.　　　　 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37.　　　　 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.   The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38.　　　　 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.   The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39.　　　　 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40.　　　　 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.  A.Make sure your handwriting is neat. B.Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C.The second draft of the essay should be better. D.First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E.Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F.Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G.Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 7.[2021·新高考全国II卷] If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 36.　　　  Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 37.　　　  38.　　　　 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.  If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 39.　　　　 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.  Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 40.　　　　Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder.  A.Stop to have a rest now and then. B.Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C.This depends on the type of book you are reading. D.Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E.Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F.You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. G.Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 二、完形填空 1.[2024·浙江1月考]阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 　41　 with a local that all travellers long for. A young Chinese man 　42　 me on the train. My 　43　 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 　44　 to practise my Chinese.  Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 　45　 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 　46　 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most 　47　, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labour. Without batting an eye he would 　48　 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 　49　 as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 　50　 him asking at one point.  It would have been easy to 　51　 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 　52　, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 　53　 me just how much one can gain from 　54　 with an open mind, and a willingness to 　55　 with locals from all walks of life.  (　)41.A.experiment B.encounter C.competition D.appointment (　)42.A.treated B.saved C.lectured D.approached (　)43.A.true B.so-called C.new D.long-lost (　)44.A.chance B.advice C.trouble D.right (　)45.A.visited B.financed C.attended D.founded (　)46.A.building B.sweeping C.checking D.guarding (　)47.A.typical B.obvious C.natural D.remarkable (　)48.A.publish B.quote C.copy D.download (　)49.A.writers B.historians C.workers D.students (　)50.A.anticipate B.imagine C.recall D.catch (　)51.A.look into B.rely on C.go over D.deal with (　)52.A.well-behaved B.multi-skilled C.warm-hearted D.self-educated (　)53.A.asked B.warned C.showed D.promised (　)54.A.travelling B.reading C.searching D.teaching (　)55.A.cooperate B.side C.negotiate D.engage 三、语法填空 1.[2023·全国甲卷]阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61.　　　　　　 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the 62.　　　　　　 (six) century, BC. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,63.　　　　　　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.  Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America 64.　　　　　　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,65.　　　　　　 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66.　　　　　　 (intend) for everyone.   67.　　　　　　 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68.　　　　　　 saving their environment.  The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 69.　　　　　　 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70.　　　　　　 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  2.[2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷] These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 56.　　　　　　　 (begin)computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 57.　　　　　　 (education)computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 58.　　　　　　 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 59.　　　　　　　 (profession).  The Digital World is a set of volumes 60.　　　　　　 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 61.　　　　　　　 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 62.　　　　　　　 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 63.　　　　　　　 (be)practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 64.　　　　　　　 (encourage)to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 65.　　　　　　　 (we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $