U2 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语名词性从句核心知识点，系统梳理主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句的概念、引导词及用法。通过“概念解析—实例感悟—规律归纳—应用练习”的学习支架，从恐龙主题短文引入，逐步深入从句结构与功能，构建完整知识脉络。 该资料以“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观为指导，设计“先感悟—会发现—善归纳—运用练”环节，结合高考真题（如2024九省联考、浙江卷）与真实语境实例，提升学生语言理解与表达能力，培养逻辑思维品质。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生通过练习巩固，查漏补缺，强化语法应用能力。

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 复习名词性从句 　　There are many mysteries ①what the dinosaurs looked like.You may think ②that dinosaurs were big， green and scaly，right？But the fact is ③that they appeared very different from ④what we think.In recent years，scientists have worked out ⑤what they looked like：many of them were small with feathers.Scientists also believe ⑥that many dinosaurs had bright colors.But ⑦why the dinosaurs came into extinction is still a mystery. 1.上面短文中的蓝体部分均为名词性从句，即在复合句中起名词作用的从句； 2.句①为同位语从句； 3.句③为表语从句； 4.句②④⑤⑥为宾语从句； 5.句⑦为主语从句。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、概念 名词性从句在句子中的作用相当于名词，主要有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句常用的引导词如下： 连词 that，whether，if 连接 代词 what， which， who， whom， whose， whatever， whichever， whoever， whomever 连接 副词 when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however 二、主语从句 主语从句就是在复合句中起主语作用的从句。 1.that，whether引导的主语从句 【先感悟】 ①That they should get well prepared for their future is obvious to the students. ＝It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. ②Whether he will succeed remains to be seen. ＝It remains to be seen whether he will succeed. ③It is uncertain whether/if he will attend the meeting on time. 【会发现】 （1）that，whether引导　主语　从句； （2）whether引导主语从句，表示“　是否　”。 【善归纳】 （1）that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有意义，但不可省略。 （2）that从句作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。 （3）whether引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。 （4）置于句首时，只能用whether；与or或or not连用时，只能用whether。 （5）it充当形式主语的句型中，whether与if可以互换。 （6）it作形式主语常有下列句型： ①It is＋名词（a fact， a pity， a question， no wonder ...）＋that从句 ②It is＋形容词（necessary， strange， important， possible ...）＋that从句 ③It is＋过去分词（said， reported， decided， believed， suggested，ordered ...）＋that从句 ④It＋动词（短语）（seem， happen， turn out， occur to ...）＋that从句 【运用练】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①　Whether　 you’ll achieve your ambition or not depends on how hard you will work. ②It’s very likely 　that　 you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. ③You have been walking for hours.It’s no wonder 　that　 you are so tired. ④她犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误，真是遗憾。 　It is a pity that　 she has made such a silly mistake. 2.连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句 【先感悟】 ① What he says suggests that he cares little about others’ pains or troubles，even if they’re his friends. ② Whoever is fond of English and willing to get involved in English performance is preferable. ③Which plan is better should be discussed. ④ Where Li Bai， a great Chinese poet， was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it. ⑤ How he can learn to appreciate Chinese culture remains an important goal for him. ⑥Why the fire broke out is still unknown. ＝It is still unknown why the fire broke out. 【会发现】 （1）句①中what引导主语从句，在从句中充当　宾语　； （2）句②中whoever引导主语从句，在从句中充当　主语　； （3）句③中which引导主语从句，在从句中作　定语　修饰plan； （4）句④中where引导主语从句，在从句中作　地点状语　； （5）句⑤中how引导主语从句，在从句中作　方式状语　； （6）句⑥中why引导主语从句，在从句中作　原因状语　。 【善归纳】 （1）连接代词引导主语从句时，在句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 （2）连接副词引导主语从句时，在句中既是连接词，又在从句中作状语。 （3）where在主语从句中作地点状语，when作时间状语，why作原因状语，how作方式状语。 （4）连接副词引导的主语从句，也常用it作形式主语。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①　What　 really matters is whether it comes from your inner heart. ②Exactly 　when　 the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565. ③　Who　 will take the place of our original headmaster hasn’t been decided yet. ④It’s well-known 　that　 knowledge is treasure and practice is the key to success. 三、宾语从句 在主从复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。 【先感悟】 ①I suggest （that） you （should） participate in this competition，which is really a good opportunity. ②I hope （that） my suggestions are of great help to you and that your life will be back to normal soon. ③She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. ④A modern city has been set up in what was once a wasteland. ⑤I wonder whether/if they will come to our party. ⑥The new headmaster makes it a rule that all the teachers and students should take part in/participate in the recreational and sports activities actively. 【会发现】 （1）宾语从句作　及物动词　和　介词　的宾语； （2）it作　形式宾语　， 真正的　宾语　为that从句； （3）在“主语（人）＋be＋形容词＋that ...”结构中，　that从句　为宾语从句。 【善归纳】 1.that在引导宾语从句时不充当任何成分，也没有含义，且通常可以省略。 2.当and连接两个或者两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个宾语从句可省略that，后面的宾语从句中的that不能省略。 3.whether/if引导宾语从句作及物动词的宾语时，whether与if可互换；作介词宾语、与or或or not连用时，只用whether不用if。 4.it作形式宾语， 常用于以下句式结构： （1）find/consider/think/feel/believe/make＋it＋adj./n.＋宾语从句 （2）enjoy/love/like/hate/appreciate/see to/insist on/depend on/rely on＋it＋宾语从句 【运用练】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Please let me know 　whether　 the time is suitable for you or not. ②I believe you have done your best and 　that　 things will improve. ③（2024·九省联考）After what happened yesterday， Hilda knew 　what　 she was doing. ④部门经理史密斯先生决定把这项重要任务交给责任心强的人。 Mr Smith， manager of the department， decided to assign the important task to 　whoever had a strong sense of responsibility　. ⑤我们发现每天练习英语口语是有必要的。 We 　find it necessary that　 we practise spoken English every day. 四、同位语从句 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。 【先感悟】 ①I was so excited to hear the news that you are going to organize a summer camp for space lovers.　（申请信） ②The question who should do the job requires consideration. ③I hold the firm belief that we’ll benefit a lot from the activity. ④I have no idea whether he will come to the party. 【会发现】 同位语从句一般跟在某个　名词　后面，用来说明　前面名词的具体内容　。 【善归纳】 1.常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：fact， news， hope， truth， idea， suggestion， thought， question， promise， order， belief， word， information， proof， doubt， possibility等。 2.how引导表语从句，在从句中作方式状语，意为“如何，怎么”。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①The opinion 　that　 learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years. ②There is no doubt 　that　 keeping an English diary helps you a lot with your written English. ③I made a promise 　that　 this year，my first year in high school，would be different. ④I have no idea 　when　 he graduated from college. ⑤Is there any possibility 　that　 you could pick me up at the airport？ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.What matters most is that it conveys the information to the world 　that　 Chinese people are friendly and kind. 2.We hold the firm belief 　that　 visitors can learn more about traditional Chinese culture through the activity. 3.The figures show 　that　 students are wasting so much， which will have a bad effect on the Earth. 4.I know how you are feeling now.It doesn’t matter 　if/whether　 you can’t sleep well occasionally. 5.　Whoever　 leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识（名词性从句）及汉语提示补全下面语段 　　①　What I am learning at university is　 （我在大学里学的是） English literature.My biggest problem is ②　that I can’t understand the cultural background　 （我不能理解文化背景） of many English novels.So ③　whether I should go abroad to study　 （我是否应该出国留学） has become what I’m concerned about.It is clear that the first practical question is ④　whether I can afford the tuition fees　 （我能否付得起学费）.I turned to my teacher and his suggestion is that I get a loan to study abroad. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.（2024·1月浙江卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities，that’s 　what　 they’ll promote. 2.Recently， our class has had a debate about 　whether　 exploring space is a waste of time and money. 3.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Then my mother accompanied me to receive the award，reminding me that it was because of my teacher’s help that I had become 　who　 I am today. 4.We have the summer and winter vacations， when we could do 　whatever/what　 we like. 5.We’ll find such a positive attitude towards failure can really help achieve 　what　 we want and gain success. 6.What is astonishing is 　that　 they even tested themselves to make sure of safety！ 7.By the way， I was wondering 　whether/if　 you could do me a favor and buy me a purse. 8.His parents have made it clear 　that　 they won’t support him in setting up his own company. 9.　That　 the Earth moves around the Sun is known to all. 10.Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small.You don’t know 　where　 it can lead. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.听到妈妈的话，阿斯里知道下一步该怎么做了。 Hearing mother’s words， Asiri knew 　what he should do next　. 2.影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。 　What struck me most in the movie　 was the father’s deep love for his son. 3.最重要的是我们从来没有丧失继续努力的热情。 What is the most important is 　that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying　. 4.我们坚信游客能够通过这次活动更多地了解中国传统文化。 We hold the strong belief 　that visitors can learn more about traditional Chinese culture through the activity　. 5.我是否参加这次英语演讲比赛还要看情况。 It remains to be seen 　whether/if I will participate in the English speech contest　. 6.精通英语口语使我能够自由地与外国人交流。 　That I have a good command of oral English　 enables me to communicate with foreigners freely. 7.辛迪重重地关上门，哭了起来。办公室里没有人知道她为什么那么生气。 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew 　why she was so angry　. 8.做一个好的倾听者是一种品质，这是保持友谊所需要的。 Being a good listener is a kind of quality and that’s 　what it takes to keep friendship　. Ⅰ.完形填空 　　I was the girl who wasn’t sure what to do or where to go post-high school， let alone post-university， but look at me now.I’ve 　1　 fresh out of university and a long way from home — an Australian girl living in a British world. 　　It’s not a（n） 　2　 decision to make — leaving behind your 　3　 system， your number one fans， the loves of your life — on the chance of falling into a job you’re 　4　 about.So why did I do it？ Let me talk you through my 　5　 process ... 　　Firstly，opportunities like this come once in a lifetime.When they come your way you have to 　6　 them.I know that if I didn’t take the offer I would constantly look back and 　7　 the decision. 　　Next， not many people can say that at the age of 23， fresh out of 　8　， they moved across the world to begin exploring the world of 　9　.I think there’s no 　10　 way to be schooled in the art of adulting than exploring a completely 　11　 environment on your own. 　　Basically， I’m becoming a（n） 　12　 employee.International experience is highly 　13　 by employers and with global barriers continually falling cultural awareness is increasingly 　14　. 　　To those of you out there who may be facing a（n） 　15　 situation， asking yourselves， is it worth it？ There is only one way to find out， just go for it.If I can do it， so can you. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己大学毕业之后选择出国的思考过程。 1.A.given up　　 B.messed up C.woken up　　 D.ended up 解析：D　根据上文let alone post-university 和句中fresh out of university ...living in a British world可推知，“我”大学毕业之后最终选择远离家乡，前往英国。 2.A.easy　　 B.informed C.big　　 D.personal 解析：A　根据语境可推知，作出出国的决定并不容易，因为要抛下自己原来的支持系统、爱你的人和你爱的人。 3.A.healthcare　　 B.support C.communication　　 D.transportation 解析：B　参见上题解析。 4.A.passionate　　 B.serious C.curious　　 D.knowledgeable 解析：A　根据上文可推知，选择出国是为了有机会从事自己热爱的工作。 5.A.application　　 B.engagement C.thought　　 D.research 解析：C　根据下文中的内容可知，“我”讲述了自己的思考过程。 6.A.pay for　　 B.forget about C.depend on　　 D.hold onto 解析：D　根据上文opportunities like this come once in a lifetime和下文if I didn’t take the offer I would constantly look back可知，这样的机会非常珍贵，一旦它们到来了，便要抓住。如果“我”不接受这份工作，“我”就会不断地回首往事，质疑自己的决定。 7.A.make　　 B.question C.accept　　 D.announce 解析：B　参见上题解析。 8.A.business　　 B.education C.homesickness　　 D.depression 解析：B　根据at the age of 23可知，很多人在23岁的时候走出校门，完成了学业。 9.A.students　　 B.teachers C.adults　　 D.artists 解析：C　根据下文to be schooled in the art of adulting可推知，人们毕业之后就开始探索成年人的世界。 10.A.better　　 B.safer C.cheaper　　 D.longer 解析：A　根据全文语境可知，“我”认为没有比独自探索一个全新的环境更好的方式来学习成年人的艺术。 11.A.flexible　　 B.competitive C.free　　 D.new 解析：D　参见上题解析。 12.A.ambitious　　 B.motivated C.desirable　　 D.productive 解析：C　根据下文with global barriers continually falling可推知，随着全球障碍不断消除，文化意识越来越重要，国际经验受到雇主的高度重视，因此，选择出国的“我”正在成为一名理想的员工。 13.A.valued　　 B.recommended C.offered　　 D.shared 解析：A　参见上题解析。 14.A.interesting　　 B.available C.important　　 D.practical 解析：C　参见第12题解析。 15.A.dangerous　　 B.embarrassing C.complex　　 D.similar 解析：D　根据下文If I can do it， so can you.可知，“我”鼓励面临类似情况的人，像“我”一样勇敢迈出这一步。 Ⅱ.语法填空 　　The Saskatchewan government launched its Saskatchewan Student Ambassador Program， 16.　　　　　　 is “a key component” of the new International Education Strategy.The province said the strategy will allow students studying abroad 17.　　　　　　 international students studying in Saskatchewan 18.　　　　　　 （receive） specialized training to become global citizens （公民） and ambassadors of the province.In addition， the program will support the 19.　　　　　　 （promote） of the province’s post-secondary education institutions， helping students build partnerships with institutions around the world. 　　The specialized training for student ambassadors 20.　　　　　　 （admit） to this program is delivered through two key pathways.The first one involves 21.　　　　　　 （provide） participants with training about cultural expectations when they study abroad， along with Saskatchewan-specific promotional teachings and resources.The second is offering academic and cultural experiences 22.　　　　　　 registered international students， such as campus tours and historical teachings along with Saskatchewan-specific promotional teachings and resources. 　　“This 23.　　　　　　 （strategy） cooperation between the government and post-secondary institutions gives domestic and international students 24.　　　　　　 （opportunity） to be global and cultural ambassadors，” University of Saskatchewan’s International Partnerships Specialist Shirley Zhou said.“By broadening 25.　　　　　　 （they） perspectives， participants will be positioned to succeed in the global economy and develop leadership the world needs.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了加拿大萨斯喀彻温省推出学生大使计划，为在国外学习的学生和在萨斯喀彻温省学习的国际学生提供专业培训，使其成为全球公民和该省的大使。 16.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代Saskatchewan Student Ambassador Program，且在从句中作主语，故填which。 17.and　考查连词。根据第二段内容可知，设空处连接两个并列的成分，表示“和”，故填and。 18.to receive　考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to receive。 19.promotion　考查名词。设空处作support的宾语，且其前有the修饰，应用名词，表示“推广”，故填promotion。 20.admitted　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰student ambassadors，且admit与student ambassadors之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式，故填admitted。 21.providing　考查非谓语动词。involve doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“包含做某事”，故填providing。 22.to　考查介词。offer sth.to sb.为固定搭配，表示“提供某物给某人”，故填to。 23.strategic　考查形容词。设空处作定语，修饰cooperation，应用形容词，意为“战略性的”，故填strategic。 24.opportunities　考查名词复数。opportunity为可数名词，意为“机会”，此处表示泛指，且其前无冠词修饰，应用其复数形式，故填opportunities。 25.their　考查代词。设空处作定语，修饰perspectives，应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $