内容正文:
第一部分 教材知识梳理
九年级(上) Modules 5-6
四维智学系列丛书
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名词
1.exhibition n.展览;展览会 → v.展览
2.entry n.进入权;进入许可 → v.进入 → n.入口
3.physics n.物理学 → adj.身体的;物质的 → n.物理学家
4.chemistry n.化学 → adj.化学的 → n.化学家
5.community n.社区;社会 → pl.
6.knowledge n.知识;学识 → adj.有学识的 → v.知道;了解 → (过去式) → (过去分词)
7.truth n.事实;真相 → adj.诚实的;真实的 → adj.真的 → adv.真正地
知识梳理明要点
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形容词
8.missing adj.找不到的;失踪的 → v.思念;错过
9.upstairs adj.位于楼上的 → (反义词)adj.位于楼下的
10.musical adj.音乐的 → n.音乐 → n.音乐家
11.angry adj.愤怒的;生气的 → n.怒火 → adv.愤怒地
12.honest adj.诚实的;老实的 → (反义词)adj.不诚实的 → n.诚实
动词
13.punish v.惩罚;惩处 → n.惩罚
14.dig v.挖掘;掘(洞) → (过去式) → (过去分词) → (现在分词)
知识梳理明要点
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动词
15.control v.操作;操纵 → (过去式) → (过去分词) → (现在分词)
16.fail v.未能及格;未能到达 → n.失败
17.apologise v.认错;道歉 → n.道歉 → pl.
知识梳理明要点
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答案
1.exhibit 2.enter; entrance 3.physical; physicist
4.chemical; chemist 5.communities 6.knowledgeable; know; knew; known 7.truthful; true; truly 8.miss
9.downstairs 10.music; musician 11.anger; angrily
12.dishonest; honesty 13.punishment 14.dug; dug; digging
15.controlled; controlled; controlling 16.failure
17.apology; apologies
知识梳理明要点
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一 、重点单词
考点1 trouble的用法
Oh, no! Daming is in trouble again.噢,不好!大明又惹麻烦了。 〔教材M5 P34〕
trouble意为“问题;困难;困境;苦恼”。常构成短语:
be in trouble处于困境
get/run into trouble遇到困难;陷入困境
have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
I'll be in trouble if I get home late.我如果回家晚了会有麻烦的。
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I said nothing because I didn‘t want to get into trouble.
我什么也没说,因为我不想惹麻烦。
I had some trouble finding the phone number.
我找这个电话号码有一些困难。
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即学即练
1.I have trouble (learn) maths, so I am very worried about the exam.
2.I'm very sorry (trouble) you.
3.不要嘲笑那些有麻烦的人。(in trouble)
learning
Don't laugh at the people in trouble.
to trouble
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考点2 certainly的用法
There certainly are a lot of rules in this museum.这个博物馆的规则的确太多了。〔教材M5 P34〕
(1)此句中 certainly是副词,意为“的确;无疑”,起强调作用。
The housing price in some big cities is certainly too high for many young people.对许多年轻人来说,一些大城市的房价的确太高了。
(2)certainly还表示“当然;当然可以”,用于肯定回答,相当于of course。 certainly not常用于口语中,意为“当然不是”。
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—Can you help me with housework?
你能帮我做家务吗?
—Certainly.当然可以。
—Shall I drive?我来开车好吗?
—Certainly not.当然不行。
(3)certain adj.某个;必定的,确定的
I agree with you to a certain degree.我在某种程度上同意你的观点。
I felt absolutely certain that I'd seen her before.我确信自己以前见过她。
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即学即练
1.—Could I borrow your camera?
— (当然可以), but please give it back by Saturday.
2.I'm not (确定) who was there at that time.
certain
Certainly
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考点3 whole 的用法
It is my favourite museum in the whole world!它是全世界我最喜欢的博物馆!〔教材M5 P36〕
此句中 whole是形容词,意为“全部的;整个的”。
I have a strange feeling.This whole thing feels wrong.我有种怪怪的感觉。整件事都让人觉得有问题。
You've kept me waiting here for a whole hour.
你让我在这里等了整整一个钟头。
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易混辨析 whole与all
两者都表示“整个的”,可以指时间,也可以指地点。在用法上有the whole + n.= all the + n.。
the whole day = all the day
the whole world = all the world
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即学即练
—Do you think she is honest?
—No. She wasn't telling (全部事实).
the whole fact/truth
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考点4 fail的用法
Tony is spending too much time playing the guitar, and he may fail his exams.托尼花太多的时间弹吉他,他或许会考试不及格。〔教材M6 P42〕
(1)fail是动词,意为“未能及格;未能达到;失败”,表示在某一方面失败,通常后接介词in。名词形式是 failure,意为“失败”。
He failed in everything he tried.
他尝试的每一件事都失败了。
She failed (in) her exam again.她考试又没及格。
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(2) fail to do...意为“未能做……;没能做成……”。
He failed to get there on time.
他未能准时到达那儿。
即学即练
1.尽管她竭尽全力了,但考试仍未及格。(fail)
2.我昨天没赶上去上海的火车。(fail)
I failed to catch the train to Shanghai yesterday.
Although she tried her best,she still failed the exam.
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考点5 stop的用法②
Tony's parents want to stop him enjoying music,although they have made a deal with him before.托尼的父母想阻止他喜欢音乐,尽管以前他们已经和他达成了协议。〔教材M6 P42〕
(1)stop意为“阻止;阻挠”,常用于stop sb.(from) doing sth.结构,表示“阻止某人做某事”。类似的短语还有prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth.。
It's hard to stop people from killing the animals there.在那里阻止人们杀死动物很难。
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(2)在 stop sb.from doing sth.结构中,from可以省略,但在变成被动语态时不能省略。
He was stopped from going out to play by the heavy rain yesterday.
昨天的大雨阻止了他出去玩耍。
即学即练
We are wondering whether we can stop people from (pollute) the earth.
polluting
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考点6 consider的用法
You should consider what the most important thing is.你应该考虑什么事情是最重要的。〔教材M6 P42〕
consider意为“考虑;斟酌”,其后可接名词、动名词或从句作宾语(但不能接不定式作宾语)。
Please consider my suggestion.
请考虑我的建议。
She is considering going to Europe.她在考虑去欧洲。
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即学即练
1.For your next vacation, why not consider (visit) Paris?
2.她正在考虑是否接受游客们的建议。(consider)
She is considering whether to accept the tourists' suggestions.
visiting
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考点7 angry的用法
If you tell him the truth now, he will be angry with you, but at least you will show that you are honest.如果你现在告诉他真相,他会生你的气,但至少你能表明你是诚实的。〔教材M6 P44〕
angry构成的固定搭配:
be angry with sb.生某人的气
be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气
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即学即练
如果你不说实话,你爸爸会生你的气。(be angry with)
If you don't tell the truth,your father will be angry with you.
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二、重点词组
考点8 fill...with...的用法
For example, if you want to fill a bag with sand...例如,如果你想装满一袋沙子……〔教材M5 P36〕
fill...with...意为“用……装满……”,其被动形式是be filled with,相当于 be full of。
Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.
下一步,把这种面包的混合物塞入火鸡中。
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即学即练
1.请把杯子装满茶递给我。(fill)
2.她的口袋里装满了糖果。(be filled with)
Please fill the cup with tea and pass it to me.
Her pocket is filled with candies.
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考点9 instead of 的用法
If you do all these other things instead of your homework, you won't have time to study.你如果做其他所有事情而不做家庭作业的话,就会没时间学习。〔教材M6 P42〕
instead of意为“代替;而不是”。 instead of是介词短语,通常置于句中,也可置于句首。
Instead of working, he played computer games all day.他一整天在玩电脑游戏而不工作。
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易混辨析 instead of与 instead
(1)instead of是介词短语,后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
(2)instead是副词,其后不跟其他成分,在句中作状语,位置灵活。
He didn't answer me;instead, he asked me another question.
=He asked me another question instead of answering me.他没有回答我的问题,相反,他问了我另外一个问题。
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即学即练
1.昨天天气晴朗。我们去观光了而不是在宾馆看电视。(instead of)
2.他没有给我钱,相反,他给了我许多建议。(instead)
He didn't give me money; instead, he gave me some advice.
It was sunny yesterday. We went sightseeing instead of watching TV in the hotel.
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考点10 come round的用法
Last week, my friend David came round with a new computer game and asked to play it on my dad's computer.上个星期,我的朋友戴维来我家时带来一款新的电脑游戏,并要求在我爸爸的电脑上玩。〔教材M6 P44〕
come round意为“拜访(某人的家)”,是不及物动词短语,同drop in/by,含有“顺道拜访”之意。
Won't you come round and see me sometime?
改天来我这里看看我好吗?
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即学即练
我稍后过来,看看你的情况如何。(come round)
I'll come round later and see how you are.
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考点11 no longer的用法
He could no longer find the documents anywhere!他再也找不到文件了!〔教材M6 P44〕
no longer意为“不再”,相当于not...any longer,多指时间上不再延续,常与状态动词或延续性动词连用。no longer通常位于实义动词之前,连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后。
Annie no longer lives here./Annie does not live here any longer.安妮不再住在这儿了。
He is no longer a child./He isn't a child any longer.他不再是一个小孩子了。
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【拓展】no more和 not...any more也表示“不再”,多指数量上或程度上不再增加。
We'll have no more discussion about it.
我们将不再做更多讨论了。
I just can't stand this kind of life any more.
我只是不能再忍受这种生活。
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即学即练
1.布朗先生不再在这儿工作了。他去年离开的。(no longer)
2.见到妈妈后,那个小孩不再哭了。(no more)
Mr Brown no longer works here. He left last year.
That child/kid no more cried after he/she saw his/her mother.
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考点12 at least的用法
If you tell him the truth now, he will be angry with you, but at least you will show that you are honest.如果你现在告诉他真相,他会生你的气,但至少你能表明你是诚实的。〔教材M6 P44〕
at least意为“至少;起码”,在句中作状语,位置灵活。反义词组是 at most,意为“最多,至多”。
You should let me know at least.你最起码应该让我知道。
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At least seventy thousand people lost their lives in the earthquake.
至少7万人在地震中遇难。
The repair will cost 35 dollars at most.
修理最多花费35美元。
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即学即练
1.这种药你至少一天服两次。(at least)
2.读完这本小说至少花了他一个月的时间。(at least)
It took him at least one month to finish reading the novel.
You should take this medicine at least twice a day.
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三、重点句型
考点13 if 引导的从句
(1) if引导条件状语从句时意为“如果”,主句用一般将来时,从句常用一般现在时表将来。
(2) if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”,从句的时态根据主句的时态来确定。
即学即练
1.If it (be) sunny tomorrow,I will go shopping with my friend in the supermarket.
2.Nobody knows if he (come).If he (arrive) here,I'll call you at once.
will come
is
arrives
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考点14 表示“禁止做某事”的句型
(1) No +动名词/名词.
No swimming.禁止游泳。
No fishing.禁止垂钓。
No talking.禁止讲话。
No photos.禁止拍照。
No entry.禁止入内。
No football.禁止踢足球。
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(2)(Don't +)实义动词原形+其他.
Don't touch.请勿触摸。
Keep clear of the door.请勿靠近门。
(3) You mustn't...;You can't...
You mustn't tell lies.你千万不要说谎。
In most public places, you can't shout loudly.
在大多数公共场合,你不可以大声喧哗。
(4) You aren't allowed to do...
You aren't allowed to park here.这里不允许停车。
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即学即练
1.Don't (play) with fire. Playing with fire is dangerous.
2.“No (photo)” means “You (must) take photos.”
3.考试期间不允许说话。(not allowed to)
play
You're not allowed to talk during the exams.
photos
mustn't
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Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The doctor warned the patient (not smoke) again.
2.He always offers (drive) us to school.
3.My mobile phone is (miss).Who sees it?
4.In most museums, there is no (shout) and no running.
5.All of Tony's friends can play (music) instruments.
6.We should brush our teeth at (little) twice a day.
当堂跟踪演练
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7.—Your new skirt is beautiful, Lily.
—Thank you.Are you considering (buy) one for yourself?
8.Don't lose heart! (fail) is the mother of success.
9.The Science Museum is interesting for people of all (age).
10.I'll meet you at the (enter) of the zoo tomorrow.
11.Most of the missing (exhibit) are from France and China.
12. (honest) and hard work contribute to success and happiness.
13.We are not allowed (touch) anything in the lab.
当堂跟踪演练
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14.Did you finish (read) the book?
15.It's a shame that he failed (pass) the exam. No wonder he looked sad.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.你应该向你父亲道歉。(apologise)
2.他养成了晚饭后出去散步的习惯。(get into the habit of)
3.对于学生们来说,多做运动是有必要的。(necessary)
当堂跟踪演练
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4.我对他很生气,因为他让我等了好久。(be angry with)
5.我们应该多花一些时间读书而不是玩电脑游戏。(instead of)
6.今天的中国不再是过去的中国了。(no longer)
7.跟你说实话,我一年至少读20本书。(at least)
当堂跟踪演练
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8.难怪我很长时间没有收到你的来信。(no wonder)
9.我们实现梦想的过程是艰辛的,但也是美好的。(come true)
10.当人们处于困境时,我们应该帮助他们。(in trouble)
当堂跟踪演练
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答案
Ⅰ.1.not to smoke 2.to drive 3.missing 4.shouting
5.musical 6.least 7.buying 8.Failure 9.ages
10.entrance 11.exhibitions 12.Honesty
13.to touch 14.reading 15.to pass
Ⅱ.1.You should apologise to your father.
2.He gets into the habit of going out for a walk after supper.
3.It is necessary for students to take/do much exercise.
当堂跟踪演练
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答案
4.I was angry with him for keeping me waiting so long.
5.We should spend more time reading books instead of playing computer games.
6.China today is no longer what it used to be.
7.To be honest, I read at least twenty books a year.
8.No wonder I haven't heard from you for long.
9.It is difficult but enjoyable to make our dreams come true.
10.When people are in trouble, we should help them.
当堂跟踪演练
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