U5 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-（配套练习）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词（短语）作表语和状语 　　Considered① as one of the greatest leaders of China and born② on 27 January 1893 in Shanghai，Song Qingling was a distinguished stateswoman.When she was young，she was much concerned③ about the future of China.Later interested④ in fighting for the freedom of Chinese people， she took part in many activities.After the foundation of the PRC， she was completely devoted⑤ to the development of new China.On 29 May 1981， she died in Beijing at the age of 88，bringing⑥ great sorrow to Chinese people.Honored⑦ as one of the greatest women of the 20th century， she is remembered by Chinese people forever. 1.③⑤处是过去分词在句中作表语； 2.①②④⑦处是过去分词在句中作状语，和句子的主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表示被动或完成； 3.⑥处是现在分词在句中作状语，和句子的主语为逻辑上的主动关系，表示主动或正在进行的动作。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、过去分词（短语）作表语 【先感悟】 ①He was lost in thought， so he didn’t hear the bell. ②I was disappointed at the film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better. ③I’m so delighted to learn that you’re coming to my school for a visit and I’d like to express my sincere welcome. ④He got injured in the accident and was sent to hospital immediately. 【会发现】 上面句子中的lost、 disappointed、 delighted和injured都是过去分词作　　　　。 【善归纳】 1.过去分词作表语时，动词与句子的主语往往是被动关系。过去分词位于系动词（如be、 get、 become、 look、 feel、 seem、 remain等）之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 2.有些过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有delighted、 disappointed、 discouraged、 drunk、 amused、 astonished、 interested、 crowded、 tired、 satisfied、 pleased、 surprised、 worried、 excited、 married、 puzzled等。 3.“get＋过去分词”用于被动结构和系表结构，用于被动结构时，强调动作的发生；用于系表结构时，强调状态的变化。 名师点津 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 （1）过去分词作表语表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”。 She felt exhausted and sat by the stream， resting her aching feet.（动作描写） 她感到筋疲力尽，坐在小溪边，休息着疼痛的双脚。 （2）现在分词作表语表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。 （3）常见的这类词有： 【运用练】　单句语法填空 　①We are 　　　　　　（fill） with a sense of excitement， wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next. ②When I entered his room， he was 　　　　　（bury） in his books. ③（2024·1月浙江卷）As it has been many years since I last used one， I should hardly be 　　　　　（surprise） that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. ④While waiting for the opportunity to get 　　　　　　（promote）， Henry did his best to perform his duty. ⑤His speech was 　　　　　　（inspire） and touched my heart. ⑥The smile on her face suggested that she was 　　　　　（satisfy） with the presents. ⑦He looked 　　　　　　　when he heard the 　　　　　　　news.（disappoint） ⑧He looked 　　　　　　so I repeated the 　　　　　　question.（puzzle） 二、过去分词（短语）作状语 【先感悟】 ①Asked for his views about his teaching job， Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. ＝When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job， Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. ②Absorbed in painting， John didn’t notice evening approaching. ＝Because John was absorbed in painting， he didn’t notice evening approaching. ＝John was absorbed in painting， so he didn’t notice evening approaching. ③Given one more chance， I wouldn’t let my parents down. ＝If I was given one more chance， I wouldn’t let my parents down. ④She accepted the gift， deeply moved. ＝She accepted the gift， and she was deeply moved. ⑤Defeated by another team， he never gave up any hope. ＝Although he was defeated by another team， he never gave up any hope. ⑥All things considered， her suggestion is of greater value than yours. ⑦Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，she didn’t hear the sound. 【会发现】 （1）句①中的过去分词短语在句中作　　　　状语，相当于　　　　　　从句； （2）句②中的过去分词短语在句中作　　　　状语，相当于　　　　　　从句； （3）句③中的过去分词短语在句中作　　　　状语，相当于　　　　　　从句； （4）句④中的过去分词在句中作　　　　状语，相当于and连接的　　　　句； （5）句⑤中的过去分词短语在句中作　　　　状语，有时可加although、 though、 even if、 even though等连词； （6）句⑥中的过去分词considered的逻辑主语不是句子的主语her suggestion，而是All things，这种结构被称为　　　　　　结构； （7）句⑦中的过去分词来源于　　　　结构。 【善归纳】 过去分词（短语）作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词表示的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。 1.过去分词（短语）作状语时，所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 2.过去分词（短语）作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式或结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且其与主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 3.部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有seated （坐着的）、hidden （躲着）、lost/absorbed in （被……吸引住）、dressed in （穿着）、tired of （厌烦了）等。 4.过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致；如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①　　　　　　 （frighten） by the noise in the night， the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. ②　　　　　 （found） in 1636， Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. ③　　　　　　 （look） at the picture， I couldn’t help missing my middle school days. ④　　　　　　 （surround） by many tall trees and beautiful flowers， our school looks beautiful. ⑤　　　　　　 （recognise） as the capital city of China， Beijing is a city you can never miss. ⑥Many students thought highly of the lecture， 　　　　　　（say） that never before had they enjoyed so interesting a lecture. Ⅰ.基础题型练 1.（2023·全国乙卷）　　　　　　 （dress） as a man， she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. 2.　　　　　　　　 （disappoint） at failing in the math exam， John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents. 3.　　　　 （give） the opportunity to show my musical talent， I couldn’t let the audience down. 4.The days are 　　　　　　（go） forever when John was shy and didn’t know how to get along with others. 5.He was 　　　　　　　　（discourage） when he heard his mother’s words. Ⅱ.句型转换 1.When you are faced with some tough problems， you might turn to your teachers for help. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， you might turn to your teachers for help. 2.The composer won’t go to the meeting， even if he is invited. →The composer won’t go to the meeting， 　　　　　　　　　　. 3.A flood struck the area and thousands of people were left homeless. →A flood struck the area， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.My mom is worried about my safety.She always drives me to school. →　　　　　　　　　　　　， my mom always drives me to school. 1.relief n.（焦虑、痛苦的）减轻或消除；（不快过后的）宽慰、轻松或解脱 教材原句　Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness. 亨利仍然有能力创作，他发现创作音乐是一种缓解和治疗疾病的方法。 【用法】 （1）with relief　　　　　　如释重负；松了口气 to one’s relief 令某人欣慰的是 breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负；松了口气 It is a relief to do sth 做某事令人欣慰 （2）relieve vt. 救出；解脱；使脱离 relieve sb of ... 解除某人的…… （3）relieved adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的 【佳句】　To my relief， they smiled politely back at me when they saw my smile. （心理描写） 令我欣慰的是，当他们看到我的笑容时，他们礼貌地对我微笑。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Hearing that she had passed the exam， she sighed 　　　　relief. ②He felt 　　　　　　（relieve） as he knew that there were people in this world who cared about him. 【写美】　完成句子 ③如你所知，音乐不仅给我力量，而且听音乐也给我一种解脱感。 As you know， not only does music give me strength， but listening to music also 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.absorbed in sth/sb 被……吸引住；专心致志 教材原句　When he got absorbed in his world of music， he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him， like he had in his previous life. 当他沉浸在音乐的世界里时，他觉得自己仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美，就像他以前的生活一样。 【用法】 （1）absorbed adj.　　　　全神贯注的 get/be absorbed in ... 全神贯注于…… （2）absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；承受；理解；使……全神贯注 absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 absorb oneself in 全神贯注于… 【佳句】　The sound of a bird absorbed my attention and I stepped into the milking house with curiosity. （2023·1月浙江卷） 一只鸟的叫声吸引了我的注意力，我好奇地走进了牛奶房。 【写美】　一句多译 汤姆如此专心于工作以至于他忘记通知我会议的时间了。 →Tom 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.（so ...that） →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.（动词-ing短语作状语） →　　　　　　　　　　　　， Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.（形容词短语作状语） 3.aim n.目的；目标vi.& vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准vt.目的是；旨在 教材原句　Filled with team spirit， they act as a whole， always aiming for glory. 他们充满了团队精神，作为一个整体，始终以荣誉为目标。 【用法】 （1）achieve one’s aim　达到某人的目的 with the aim of 目的是，怀着……的目的 （2）aim at doing sth 力争做到某事；旨在做某事 aim for 以……为目标；追求 aim to do sth 旨在做某事 be aimed at （计划或想法等）旨在……， 目的是…… （3）aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地，无目标地 【佳句】　There will be a Chinese Folk Music Concert in our school with the aim of enriching our school lives. （通知） 为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校将举办一场中国民俗音乐会。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I will spare some time to take part in sports activities， aiming 　　　　　　（build） up my body. ②（外研必修一）At that moment， he was no longer an athlete aiming 　　　　a medal — he was just a brother. 【写美】　完成句子 ③I am writing to sincerely invite you to join our table tennis team 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 我写信真诚地邀请您加入我们的乒乓球队，它旨在培养我们的兴趣并提高我们的技巧。 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 5　Section Ⅲ 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $色学科网书城四 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 Section III Discovering Useful Structures 【重难语法·要攻克】 一、会发现表语 运用练①filled②buried③surprised④promoted ⑤inspiring⑥satisfied⑦disappointed;disappointing ⑧puzzled;puzzling 二、会发现(1)时间时间状语(2)原因 原因状语 (3)条件条件状语(4)伴随并列(5)让步 (6)独立主格(7)系表 运用练①Frightened②Founded③Looking ④Surrounded⑤Recognised⑥saying 【随堂检测·要过关】 I.1.Dressed 2.Disappointed 3.Given 4.gone 5.discouraged II.1.Faced with some tough problems 2.even if invited 3.leaving thousands of people homeless 4.Worried about my safety 【知识要点·须拾遗】 l.①with②relieved③gives me a sense of relief 2.was so absorbed in his work that;Absorbing himself in his work;Absorbed in his work 3.Dto build 2for 3(that/which is)aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills 1/1 ·独家授权侵权必究·