U4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-（配套练习）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 　　Last week， I served as a volunteer at a competition held① by the Students’ Union to have my communication skills improved②. The judges invited③ were from Grade Three. All students interested④ were allowed to attend the competition. With all preparation work done⑤， the competition went on smoothly. At last， the competition was very successful， and we were all pleased to see our efforts recognised⑥ by students and teachers. 1.①③④处为过去分词（短语）作后置定语； 2.②⑤⑥处为过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、过去分词（短语）作定语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. ②You’d better search for related knowledge in advance， so that you can have a better understanding of the Chinese tea art. ③Students from Class One， Grade Three volunteered to sweep the streets and clear the fallen leaves. ④（教材典句）They use the same flag， known as the Union Jack， as well as share the same currency and military defence. ⑤Knowing that you are very interested in Tai Chi， I am writing to invite you to attend a Tai Chi class held by Youth Palace. ⑥There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out. ⑦Students can place their favorite books in public areas， and those interested can pick them up for reading. 【会发现】 （1）句①②③中的加黑部分为单个过去分词作　　　　定语； （2）句④⑤中的加黑部分为过去分词短语作　　　　定语； （3）句⑥⑦ 中的加黑部分为单个过去分词作　　　　定语。 【善归纳】 1.及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。 2.单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 3.有些单个过去分词作定语且表示特定含义时，放在所修饰的名词之后，如left （剩余的）， given （所给的）， concerned （有关的）等。 4.如果被修饰词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。 名师点津 1.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别： ①语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。 The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016. 矗立在街道拐角处的那所房子是2016年建的。 The question discussed was very important. 讨论过的那个问题很重要。 ②时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。 On the other hand， I hope to broaden my horizons in this developed country. 另一方面，我希望在这个发达国家拓宽我的视野。 As is known to all， China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 2.过去分词、现在分词的被动语态与动词不定式的被动语态作定语的区别： 　　　意义 形式　　　 语态 时态 done 被动 完成 being done 被动 进行 to be done 被动 尚未发生 ①The building built last year is our classroom building. 去年建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。 ②The building being built now is our classroom building. 现在正在建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。 ③The building to be built next month is our classroom building. 下个月将要建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①Last week， I had the opportunity to take part in the English reading competition 　　　（hold） in our school. ②I have read the short story 　　　　　　（write） by Mark Twain and am familiar with the whole story. ③You can admire beautiful pictures 　　　　　（take） by famous photographers in the exhibition. ④There are lots of topics which we can talk about， especially those 　　　　　　（relate） to Chinese language learning. ⑤Tsinghua University， 　　　　　　（found） in 1911， is home to a great number of outstanding figures. ⑥Anyone 　　　　　　（interest） in model airplanes and the knowledge of space is warmly welcomed. ⑦Do you know the man 　　　　　　（stand） by the window？ ⑧The young man 　　　　　　（play） the piano on stage is from Shanghai Conservatory of Music. ⑨To return to the problem of water pollution， I’d like you to look at a study 　　　　　　（conduct） in Australia in 2024. ⑩There are still many problems 　　　　　　　　（solve） before we are ready for a long stay on the moon. 二、过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）They had castles built all around England， and made changes to the legal system. ②Last Saturday， I went fishing with my fellows， only to have my left foot injured. ③When people are having meals or waiting for buses， you can always find them addicted to their phones. ④The girl answered the question in such a low voice that she couldn’t make herself heard by others. ⑤I’d like the job done when I come back from the journey. ⑥The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week. ⑦Our home became more beautiful， with beautiful designs displayed on windows and doors. ⑧With knowledge and skills gained in this university， I will play a more active role in contributing to my country. 【会发现】 以上各句中，过去分词（短语）在句中作　　　　　　，补充说明宾语所发生的动作或存在的状态。 【善归纳】 过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态，宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语通常有以下几种情况： 1.用于get， have， make， keep， leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。 2.用于feel， find， hear， notice， see， smell， observe， watch， think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。 3.用于wish， want， would like， expect， order等表示“希望，愿望”“命令”的动词（短语）后作宾语补足语。 4.用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①He often has information 　　　　　　　（download） from the Internet and makes full use of it. ②The Internet keeps us 　　　　　　（inform） of the latest news and also provides entertainment for us at home. ③Though I’ve learnt English for years， I still can’t make myself 　　　　　　　　（understand） quite well. ④With most of his time 　　　　　（waste） in playing computer games， he failed in the exam. Ⅰ.基础题型练 1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Each town has its own traditional dish， and every family keeps a recipe 　　　　　　（pass） from one generation to another. 2.With his eyes 　　　　　　（focus） on the blackboard， he didn’t notice the flying birds outside. 3.During the Qin Dynasty， to keep the enemy out of his empire， Qinshihuang had all the walls 　　　　　　（join） up. 4.Hong Kong Ocean Park， 　　　　　　（locate） in the southern part of Hong Kong， is one of the major attractions in Asia. 5.When I went through the research report again， I found some key information 　　　　　　（lose）. 6.There were also speeches 　　　　　　（give） by our teachers on how to learn Chinese well. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me， but there only seemed to be powders 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有什么产品能帮助我。但是，看来只有一种杀蛇的药粉。 2.I placed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool. 我把冰冻的碗放在蛇窝的上方，再把小冰块放在碗上，以使碗保持低温。 3.The next morning I carried in my hand a small net 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 第二天早晨，我手里拿上用于捕鱼的小网。 4.The criteria are so strict that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　unless they are truly novel. 这些标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。 1.charge n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电 教材原句　Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square， where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。 【用法】 （1）free of charge　　　　　免费 in charge （of） 负责，主管 in the charge （of） （由……）负责，主管 take charge of 负责，主管 （2）charge sb for sth 因……向某人收费 charge sb with sth 因某事指控某人 【佳句】　I know you were in charge of the fitness club in your school and have rich experience in starting and running a club. 我知道你曾经是学校健身俱乐部的负责人，对俱乐部的创办和运营有着丰富的经验。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Finally， I wonder how much you will charge us 　　　　the six-week course. ②He 　　　　　　　　（charge） with stealing a car last week， which puzzled all of us. 【写美】　完成句子 ③To become a successful person， we must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　. （主旨升华） 要成为一个成功的人，我们必须能够掌控自己。 2.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称 教材原句　When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides， we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台要求提供有声导游时，我们听到服务台宣布已经没有有声导游了。 【用法】 （1）announce sth to sb　　　向某人宣告某事 announce that ... 宣布…… It is announced that ... 据宣布…… （2）announcement n. 通告；宣告 make an announcement 宣布 （3）announcer n. 播音员；广播员 【佳句】　Attention， please！ I have an announcement to make.I announce that the coming-of-age ceremony will be held at 9 a.m.next Sunday and will last three hours.（通知） 请注意！我要宣布一件事。我宣布成人礼将于下周日上午9点举行，并将持续三个小时。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①After one week， the results 　　　　　　　　　　（announce）.Sara got first place in the exam while Vivian failed. ②The teacher couldn’t wait to announce the good news 　　　　the class. 【写美】　完成句子 ③　　　　　　　　　　 our campus cultural festival will be held next Friday to enrich students’ lives. 据宣布，为了丰富学生们的生活，我们的校园文化节将于下周五举行。 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 4　Section Ⅲ 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $色学科网书城四 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 Section II Discovering Useful Structures 【重难语法·要攻克】 一、会发现(1)前置(2)后置 (3)后置 运用练①held②written③taken (4related ⑤founded⑥interested⑦standing⑧playing ⑨conducted⑩to be solved 二、会发现宾语补足语 运用练①downloaded②informed③understood④wasted 【随堂检测·要过关】 I.1.passed 2.focused 3.joined 4.located 5.lost 6.given II.1.designed to kill snakes 2.the frozen bowl over the snakes'habitat 3.used for catching fish 4.it is difficult to get new ideas accepted 【知识要点·须拾遗】 l.①for②was charged③be able to take charge of ourselves 2.①were announced②to③It is announced that 1/1 ·独家授权侵权必究·