第二部分 专题二 第1讲 动词和动词短语-【练客中考】2026年安徽新中考英语精讲册PPT（人教版）

该初中英语中考复习课件系统覆盖动词核心考点，包括动词分类、五种基本形式及动词短语，严格对接安徽新中考考查要求，明确单项填空、完形填空、单词拼写三大题型，分析得出动词词义辨析每年4-10道、动词短语1-3道的考点权重，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点精讲+真题训练+技巧指导”模式，如单项填空第1题通过语境分析辨析“compare”等动词词义，完形填空第43题考查“give up”等短语搭配，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。提供动词形式变化表和短语分类速记卡，助力学生掌握语境分析法，教师可依此高效规划复习，提升中考得分率。

《精讲册》 英语RJ 第二部分 语法专题剖析 专题二　动词 [考查题型：单项填空、完形填空、单词拼写] 第1讲　动词和动词短语 [必考：每年5～14道] 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 目录 01 02 思维导图串考点 核心考点精讲 03 综合训练 更符合安徽新中考 思维导图串考点 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 核心考点精讲 动词的五种基本形式 基本形式 变化规则 示例 动词原形 未经过任何变形，即词典中一般给出的形式 do，learn，run，play 第三人称单数 一般在动词词尾直接加-s run→runs，think→thinks 以s，sh，ch，x或o结尾的动词末尾加-es pass→passes，wash→washes， teach→teaches，mix→mixes，go→goes 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，先将y变成i再加-es study→studies，carry→carries 不规则变化 be→is，have→has 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 基本形式 变化规则 示例 过去式和 过去分词 (规则变化) 一般在动词词尾直接加-ed work→worked，play→played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d invite→invited， promise→promised 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，先将y变为i，再加-ed carry→carried，study→studied 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后加-ed stop→stopped，plan→planned 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 基本形式 变化规则 示例 动词-ing 形式 一般在动词词尾直接加-ing read→reading，cook→cooking 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing live→living，write→writing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后加-ing sit→sitting，begin→beginning 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要先变ie为y，再加-ing(初中阶段共3个) die→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 注意：动词的过去式、过去分词的不规则变化形式详见《课标词汇记背》P74“附录二 不规则动词表” 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 1.实义动词 实义动词指具有完整的意义，可以单独作谓语的动词，主要表示主语发出的动作或所处的状态。按能否直接接宾语，分为及物动词和不及物动词。 动词的分类及词义辨析[必考：每年4～10道] 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 类别 用法 例句 及物 动词 动词＋宾语 I love English. 动词＋宾语＋宾补 We call her Mary. 动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 May I ask you some questions？ 不及物 动词 本身意思完整，无需接宾语 A traffic accident happened. 需加适当介词，后接宾语 The baby is smiling at us sweetly. 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 2.助动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式，有人称、数和时态的变化。 类别 句法功能 例句 be(am/is/are)/ (was/were) 构成进行时 Jimmy is playing basketball with his friends. 构成被动语态 A lot of birds are protected in natural parks. 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 类别 句法功能 例句 do/does/did 构成疑问句和否定句 He didn’t go anywhere last Sunday. 构成否定祈使句 Don’t be noisy！ 在陈述句中，用在谓语动词前加强语气 My father did tell me that. 代替上文出现的动词 I don’t like eating noodles，but my brother does. 用于倒装句 Seldom does he come late. 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 类别 句法功能 例句 have/has/had 构成完成时 Tom has been a doctor for many years. will/shall/would 构成将来时 I will/shall arrive tomorrow. 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 3.系动词 系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，其后必须跟表语构成“系表结构”，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。 类别 示例 例句 “状态”类系动词 be My father is a teacher. “持续”类系动词 keep，stay，remain We should eat vegetables to keep healthy. 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 类别 示例 例句 “变化”类系动词 get，become， turn，go，grow，fall In spring，trees begin to turn green. “感官”类系动词 look，feel，sound，taste，smell The new cloth feels smooth and soft. “表象”类系动词 seem，appear You seem unhappy all day. 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 4.情态动词 词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形一起构成谓语，大多无人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有：can/could，may/might，will/would，must，need，have to，should等。[详见本专题P101第2讲 情态动词] 5.实义动词词义辨析[必考：每年4～10道] 实义动词词义辨析主要是通过上下文考查其在语境中的辨析。 解答语境辨析类试题时，首先要确定每个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或前后存在的逻辑关系，确定答案。因此考生在平时的学习过程中，需要重点积累并掌握实义动词的词义及用法。 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 1.同一动词型： 如：come短语，get短语，give短语，go短语，keep短语等。 2.同一介词/副词型： 如：at短语，about短语，away短语，off短语，over短语等。 3.混合型 更多动词短语详见《课标词汇记背》P80“类别一 动词短语”。 动词短语[必考：每年1～3道] 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 综合训练 Ⅱ Ⅰ Ⅰ.单项填空 1.—In my opinion，________ with others can make us upset. —I totally agree. We should pay more attention to our own growth. A.arguing　 B.comparing　 C.sharing　 D.dealing 2.—Ms Li，how can I share my favorite book with my friends？ —You can ________ its main idea to them clearly. A.understand B.search C.record D.introduce B D 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 3.—Dr. Martins seems to know every plant in the Amazon Rainforest. —Of course. No one can ________ him in his knowledge of wild plants. A.shake B.match C.hurt D.raise 4.—I don’t know where to go this summer vacation. —Why not ________ visiting Huangshan？If you go，you can climb mountains and enjoy beautiful sights. A.regard B.consider C.include D.count Ⅱ Ⅰ B B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 5.A good way to ________ old school things is to send them to a recycling center. A.break B.keep C.forget D.treat 6.—Chinese try to gather together on important festivals，no matter how far away they are. —Yeah，we highly ________ the strong family ties. A.master B.value C.suppose D.follow Ⅱ Ⅰ D B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 7.—Although she was feeling down，she ________ a weak smile. —She was always caring about others’ feelings. A.noticed B.received C.managed D.suggested 8.—Dad，I want to focus on the study of AI in the university. —Oh，my boy. You know I always ________ your own choices. A.make B.respect C.order D.refuse Ⅱ Ⅰ C B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 9.—This history project is so big. I don’t know how to make it. —Just ________ it and finish one small part each time. A.leave B.change C.divide D.accept 10.—Su Min，why is there always a bat in New Year paintings？ —In Chinese，the word for bat sounds like “fu”，so it ________ good luck in China. A.prepares B.realizes C.means D.collects Ⅱ Ⅰ C C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 11.—Why does Emma always answer questions in class？ —She knows the answers，but she isn’t ________.She just wants to learn more. A.showing off B.calling on C.giving up D.taking away 12.—What should we do during the fire practice？ —When the alarm ________，we should run out of the teaching building at once. A.comes afte B.goes off C.turns in D.takes on Ⅱ Ⅰ A B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 13.—We should learn to control our screen time. —Totally agree. Never let smartphones ________ our lives. A.take over B.get off C.come out D.give in 14.—The new term has started，but I took three days off and missed classes. —Come to the study corner after school！With some effort，you can ________ and keep moving forward. A.catch up B.go after C.turn up D.look after Ⅱ Ⅰ A A 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 15.—A balanced diet is very important for losing weight. —That’s right. I always ________ high fat food and eat more fruit and vegetables instead. A.keep off B.put away C.come about D.get into 16.Think of one to five goals you’d like to set in each term. Then ________ each goal into smaller steps and work your hardest with each step. A.take away B.turn on C.put off D.break down Ⅱ Ⅰ A D 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 17.As we ________ on our new journey，we shouldn’t forget where we come from. A.put out B.set out C.come down D.get in 18.—Why were there so many people in the school hall just now？ —The robotics club ________ a science experiment. It’s mind-blowing. A.fixed up B.got on C.came round D.carried out Ⅱ Ⅰ B D 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 19.It’s brave of you to ________ your fear of heights and reach the mountain top with courage. A.come into B.get over C.focus on D.give back 20.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain，the visit to the village ________ scenes of my childhood. A.called up B.came up C.went away D.kept away Ⅱ Ⅰ B A 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 21.—Don’t ________ the new word in the dictionary if we meet it in a text. We can guess it. —Sure. It’s a good way to improve our reading skills. A.look up B.turn off C.give away D.cut into 22.—The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ________. —That’s why we have a lot of wind power generation systems. A.come in B.get to C.run out D.go on Ⅱ Ⅰ A C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 23.—Every student is expected to ________ a sporting activity for a healthy life. —I couldn’t agree more. Health matters a lot. A.come across B.deal with C.pull together D.take up 24.—Reading is helpful to get knowledge. —We should ________ useful ideas from books and stop accepting information without thinking. A.get out B.take in C.look over D.go across Ⅱ Ⅰ D B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 25.—What do you think is important for the players on a team？ —It’s to play together and ________ the best in each other. A.go against B.keep on C.bring out D.look through 26.—How was your trip to the countryside yesterday？ —It was fantastic. My friends and I ________ a tent at the foot of a green mountain. A.burnt off B.passed on C.put up D.took after Ⅱ Ⅰ C C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 27.—Our teacher asked us to ________ a poem about our school. —I think it’s easy for you. You are always good at writing. A.make up B.put into C.take down D.run away 28.—Many teenagers share creative short videos online now. —Yes，digital platforms ________ their confidence to express themselves. A.take on B.check out C.go through D.build up Ⅱ Ⅰ A D 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 29.—Look！What an amazing sunrise over there！ —Yeah！The lines of the mountains ________ clearly against the sky. A.turn in B.break into C.show up D.take off 30.—Every year，at least 16 million tons of plastic ________ in the sea. —That’s unbelievable. We really need to use less plastic in our daily life. A.die down B.give off C.pass away D.end up Ⅱ Ⅰ C D 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 31.—How are you feeling about the coming training？ —I’m very nervous，but I believe I will ________ the training and welcome a new self. A.think about B.break out C.set down D.get through 32.—Doctor，my temperature is normal now.Can I go to school？ —Sure. But if you don’t feel well，you can ________ me again. A.look down B.turn to C.care for D.set about Ⅱ Ⅰ D B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 33.Learning some basic life skills is helpful because we can not always 　　 other people. A.depend on B.turn down C.point at D.wake up 34.—I don’t want to 　 　 my old classmates. —You can still communicate with them after going to a new school. A.part with B.clear out C.stand for D.call in Ⅱ Ⅰ A A 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 35.—I want to join the school science club，but I’m worried about my study. —You needn’t ________ fun activities. Just plan your time well. A.break through B.set off C.look for D.cut out 36.—Sam，how do you like your classmate Jack？ —He is very helpful and he often helps our teachers ________ exam papers. A.give out B.throw away C.turn around D.put down Ⅱ Ⅰ D A 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 37.—Your brother’s room looks pretty tidy. —Sure. He always ________ his things after he uses them. A.keeps out B.puts away C.goes by D.looks down 38.My school decided to ________ a reading club to help students develop the habit of reading. A.get on B.go with C.set up D.keep away Ⅱ Ⅰ B C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 39.—Your bag is so heavy. Please ________ some unnecessary things. —Sorry. Everything in the bag is important to me. A.look into B.keep up C.take out D.pay off Ⅱ Ⅰ C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 Ⅱ.完形填空 外文素材改编自Kid’s Box Aaron has a special interest in recording weather changes by taking photos. Of all the different weather conditions，he 40.___________ snowy days best. So he often takes photos of beautiful snow. Besides，he also 41.__________ other natural phenomena(现象) by taking photos. In 2018，he posted some pictures of lightning online and received a lot of praise. Ⅱ Ⅰ (　　)40.A.likes B.misses C.knows D.waits (　　)41.A.introduces B.researches C.records D.chooses likes records A C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 However，it isn’t usually 42.__________ to take these amazing pictures. Every time，Aaron needs to find a place where the weather might often change. He doesn’t want to 43._____________ though it is very difficult to find such a place every time. In order to take good photos，he often puts himself in danger of being 44._________ by strong winds and heavy rain. Ⅱ Ⅰ (　　)42.A.easy B.different C.beautiful D.fresh (　　)43.A.turn out B.show off C.look for D.give up (　　)44.A.shaken B.lost C.hit D.dug easy give up hit A D C 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 However，one thing changed his mind. Once when Aaron was taking photos of a thunderstorm，he saw farmers doing farm work 45.___________ and watching the storm nervously. He immediately realized he should 46.________________ people and their crops(庄稼) rather than terrible weather. Ⅱ Ⅰ (　　)45.A.suddenly B.busily C.kindly D.fairly (　　)46.A.call out B.care about C.listen to D.look over busily care about B B 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 The situation seemed to 47.__________ him to a better direction. So he decided to do something and hoped it would 48.__________ people. Now，Aaron has learned to make short videos. He makes them to tell people about the dangers of those storms and what they should do to 49._____________ themselves. For Aaron，what he is doing now is more meaningful. Ⅱ Ⅰ (　　)47.A.return　 B.serve　 C.lead　 D.part (　　)48.A.feed B.hide C.cheat D.help (　　)49.A.protect B.teach C.develop D.push lead help protect C D A 更符合安徽新中考 返回目录 $