内容正文:
译林版三起新四年级寒假自学课
Unit 3 语法易错+巩固练习
素养拓展
交通信号灯
交通信号灯是道路交通的“指挥官”红灯亮起时,禁止通行,确保交叉方向的车辆行人安全通过;绿灯亮起时,允许按照规定方向通行;黄灯亮起时,已越过停止线的可以继续通过,未越过的需停车等待。
语法易错01
语法点拨
1.描述交通信号灯状态的句型
(1)教材原句:The traffic lights are red now.现在交通信号灯是红色的。
(2)句式结构: The traffic lights are+形容词
(3)用法:此句型用来描述交通信号灯的状态,其后常接对应的活动。信号灯有三种状态,分别是red、yellow、green,对应的活动分别是stop、wait和go。交通信号灯通常由多个信号灯组成,用复数形式,因此后面的be动词应用are。
(4)例句:-Look! The traffic lights are red.看!交通信号灯是红色的。
-Yes. We can't cross the road now.是的。我们现在不能过马路。
知识演练
一、选词填空。
1.When the traffic lights are ________(red/green/yellow), we can't go. When there are some animals on the road, we can't go either.
语法易错02
语法点拨
2.Do 型祈使句
(1)教材原句:Wait for the green traffic lights.等待绿色信号灯。
(2)句式结构:动词原形(+其他).
(3)祈使句通常表示说话人的请求、命令或劝告等。Do型祈使句是其中种,本单元课文中让对方等交通信号灯、左右看等指令多属于此类。为了使语气委婉,我们通常在句首或句末加上please,注意在句末时,please前要加逗号。
(4)Be型祈使句也是祈使句的一种常见类型,其结构以be动词(原形)开头,表示命令、请求、劝告或提醒对方“保持某种状态”“成为某种样子”等。
(5)例句:-Keep quiet, please. 请保持安静。 -Oh, I'm sorry,哦,对不起。
知识演练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Let's ________ (watch)a play together after school.
2. It's lunchtime.________ (go) and wash your hands first.
3._______ (be) careful. Here is a car.
4.Please ________ (put) your books on the desk.
二、单项选择。
( )1.Remember,________ at the green lights and stop at the red lights.
A.going B. to go C.go
语法易错03
语法点拨
3.否定祈使句
(1)教材原句:Don't run on the road!不要在马路上跑!
(2)句式结构:Don't+动词原形(+其他).
(3)用法:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等语义的句子叫做祈使句,“Don't+动词原形(+其他).”是祈使句的否定形式。
(4)拓展:祈使句的主语在语境中通常是明确的,无需特别指出,所以通常省略,句首用动词原形,句末常使用句号或感叹号。
(5)例句:-Keep quiet, please.请保持安静。
-Oh, I'm sorry.哦,对不起。
知识演练
一、用所给词(组)的适当形式填空。
1.Lily, _______ (not talk) in class.
2._______ (not make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.
二、单项选择。
( )1.-Sam,_______ run in the hallways. It's very dangerous.
-Sorry,Ms Black.
A. don't B. not C.doesn't
( )2. Let him _______ play basketball in the street.
A. don't B. doesn't C.not
三、按要求改写句子。
1.Please turn left.(改为否定句)
________ _______ turn left.
2. Don't feed!(换一种表达)
________ _________!
重难点特训
一、从方框中选择合适的内容,补全句子或对话。
safe busy can't safety Can
1. You _______ play by the pond. It's not ________.
2. Let's talk about the road ________
3. Jim has a _______ day today. He has no time to eat anything.
4.-I want to go to Zhongshan Park.________I take this bus?
-Sure.
二、单项选择。
( )1. Look at the _______ light. We can go now.
A. red B. green C. yellow
( )2.Let's go to the zoo. We can _______ the bus.
A. ride B. take C. by
( )3.-How is the traffic on this road? -______
A. It's busy. B. There are many lights. C. Look at the rules.
( )4. We know a lot about the road _______.
A. safety B. safe C. safely
( )5.【文化意识】In Nanjing,people walk on the _______side (边) of the road.
A. left B. both C. right
三、中从方框中选择合适的句子,补全对话。
A:1._________
B:First look at the traffic lights and wait for the green traffic lights.
A:2._________
B: No. Can you see the red light? 3.________
A: 4._________
B: Look! 5.________ We can cross the road now.A. Can we go now?
B. We can't cross the road now.
C.When can we go?
D.How can we keep safe on the road?
E. The traffic lights are green.
四、阅读短文,完成下列题目。
Hello! I'm Mike. Today,I go to my uncle's home. There are many buses on the road. I take Bus No. 2. The bus is so big.
The traffic lights are red. We stop and wait.Look, they're green. We can go now. But the driver stops again. I ask him, “Why don't we go?”“Look,there are many lovely chickens on the road. We should stop and wait for them.” “You are so kind. ”The chickens cross the road happily. After that, the bus starts to go.
(一)按照 Mike的见闻,给下列图片排序。
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(二)根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。
( )1. Mike takes a bus to his uncle's home.
( )2. The bus driver is kind.
( )3.The bus driver doesn't stop the bus when the traffic lights are red.
参考答案与解析
语法易错题答案01
一、选词填空
答案:red解析:交通规则中,红灯(red)时禁止通行,符合 “we can't go” 的描述。
语法易错题答案02
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.答案:watch
解析:“Let's” 后接动词原形。
2.答案:Go
解析:祈使句以动词原形开头,首字母大写。
3.答案:Be
解析:祈使句以 be 动词原形开头,首字母大写。
4.答案:put
解析:“Please” 后接动词原形,构成祈使句。
二、单项选择
1.答案:C(go)
解析:祈使句以动词原形开头,此处 “go” 与 “stop” 并列,均用原形。
语法易错题答案03
一、用所给词 (组) 的适当形式填空
1.答案:don't talk
解析:祈使句否定形式为 “don't + 动词原形”。
2.答案:Don't make
解析:祈使句否定形式为 “Don't + 动词原形”,首字母大写。
二、单项选择
1.答案:A(don't)
解析:祈使句否定形式用 “don't + 动词原形”。
2.答案:C(not)
解析:“Let sb. not do sth.” 是固定结构,意为 “让某人不要做某事”。
三、按要求改写句子
1.答案:Please don't
解析:祈使句否定形式在动词前加 “don't”。
2.答案:Please don't feed
解析:“Don't feed” 的同义表达为 “Please don't feed”。
重难点特训
一、从方框中选择合适的内容补全句子
1.答案:can't;safe
解析:“在池塘边玩耍不安全”,故第一空用 “can't”(不能),第二空用 “safe”(安全的)。
2.答案:safety
解析:“道路安全” 用名词 “safety”。
3.答案:busy
解析:“没时间吃饭” 说明 “很忙”,用 “busy”。
4.答案:Can
解析:询问 “能否坐公交车”,用情态动词 “Can”。
二、单项选择
1.答案:B(green)
解析:绿灯(green)时可以通行,符合 “we can go now”。
2.答案:B(take)
解析:“乘坐公交车” 用 “take the bus”,“by” 是介词,不能直接接宾语。
3.答案:A(It's busy.)
解析:询问交通状况,“busy” 表示 “拥堵的”,符合语境。
4.答案:A(safety)
解析:“道路安全” 用名词 “safety”。
5.答案:C(right)
解析:中国(包括南京)的交通规则是靠右行走。
三、选择合适的句子补全对话
1.答案:D(How can we keep safe on the road?)
解析:B 的回答是 “看交通灯等绿灯”,对应 A 询问 “如何在道路上保持安全”。
2.答案:A(Can we go now?)
解析:B 的回答是 “No”,对应 A 询问 “现在可以走吗”。
3.答案:B(We can't cross the road now.)
解析:B 提到 “红灯”,对应 “现在不能过马路”。
4.答案:C(When can we go?)
解析:B 后续回答 “现在可以过马路”,对应 A 询问 “什么时候能走”。
5.答案:E(The traffic lights are green.)
解析:“现在可以过马路” 对应 “交通灯变绿了”。
四、完成下列题目
(一)图片排序
答案:2;1;4;3
解析:事件顺序:Mike 乘坐公交车→红灯停车→绿灯亮→路上出现小鸡→小鸡过马路后公交车继续行驶。
对应图片:公交车(2)→红灯(1)→小鸡(4)→绿灯(3)。
(二)判断正误
1.答案:T
解析:原文提到 “I take Bus No.2”,说明 Mike 坐公交车去叔叔家。
2.答案:T
解析:原文提到 Mike 说 “You are so kind”,指司机很善良。
3.答案:F
解析:原文提到 “The traffic lights are red. We stop and wait”,说明红灯时司机停车了。
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