Unit 1 The secrets of happiness（复习讲义）英语新教材外研版七年级下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义以“幸福的秘诀”为主题，通过表格系统梳理75个核心单词（含词性转换）、19个短语及12个重点句型，用结构解析图呈现句型逻辑，结合语法表格归纳一般过去时的用法规则、标志词及易错点，构建“词汇-句型-语法-写作”递进式知识体系，清晰呈现单元重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与核心素养融合，如写作模块引导学生通过“帮助他人”事例表达情感，培养语言表达能力；语法部分通过易错点对比（如“didn't+动词原形”纠正错误用法）提升思维品质；配套单词拼写、阅读理解等多样化题型，基础生可巩固基础，优生能拓展应用，助力教师实施精准分层教学，支持学生自主复习效率提升。

Unit 1 The secrets of happiness（复习讲义) 单词 1.书评 n .__________→__________ v.评论 2.巧克力 n. __________ 3.工厂,制造厂 n. __________ 4.令人兴奋的 adj. __________→__________ adj.激动的;兴奋的 5.最 adv. __________ 6.奇异的,美妙的 adj.__________ 7.部分 n.__________ 8.边,面,侧 n. __________ 9.镇,城镇,市镇 n. __________ 10.贫穷的,贫困的 adj.__________ 11.停留 v. __________ 12.唯一的,仅有的 adj. __________ 13.(食物)含水太多的 adj. __________→__________ n.水 14.卷心菜 n. __________ 15.极冷的,严寒的 adj. __________→__________ v.结冰 16.忘记,遗忘 v. __________ 17.感动,触动 v. __________→__________ adj.令人同情的 18.曾经,过去 adv. __________ 19.无阳(日)光的 adj. __________→__________ n.太阳 20.选择 v. __________→__________ n.选择 21.每件事物;所有事物 pron. __________ 22.有钱的,富有的 adj. __________ 23.完成 v. __________ 24.词组 n. __________ 25.一段,一节 n. __________ 26.意见,评论 n. __________ 27.描述,描写 n. __________→__________ v.描写 28.主题 n. __________ 29.同意,赞同 v.__________→__________ v.不同意;反对 30.段,段落 n. __________ 31.理解 v. __________ 32.另外的人 pron. __________ 33.把……联系起来 v. __________ 34.经验 n. __________ 35.意见,看法 n. __________ 36.话题,论题 n. __________ 37.语法 n. __________ 38.规则 n. __________ 39.另外的,更多的 det. __________ 40.正确的 adj.__________ →__________ v.改正 41.形式 n. __________ 42.国际象棋 n. __________ 43.旅行,出行 n. __________44.帖子 n. __________ 45.龙 n. __________ 46.给……洗澡 v. __________ 47.决定,决断 v. __________→__________ n.决定 48.篮子;篓子 n. __________ 49.公主 n. __________ 50.例子 n. __________ 51.调查 n. __________ 52.空的 adj. __________→__________ (反义词)满的 53.发生 v. __________ 54.有信心的 adj. __________→__________ adv.积极地 55.吹动;刮动 v. __________ →__________(过去式)吹动;刮动 56.挥动;摆动(某物) v. __________ 57.说话声,嗓音 n. __________ 58.只不过,只是 adv. __________ 59.他自己 pron. __________→__________ pron.他(主格)→__________ pron.他(宾格)→__________ pron.他的(形容词性物主代词)→__________ pron.他的(名词性物主代词) 60.羞愧,羞耻 n. __________→__________ adj.羞愧的 61.最后,终于 adv. __________→__________ adj.最后的 62.进入,到……里面 prep. __________ 63.男理发师 n. __________ 64.落下,降落 v. __________ →__________(过去式)落下,降落 65.肩膀 n. __________ 66.顾客,客户n. __________ 67.吃惊的,惊奇的 adj. __________→__________ adj.令人吃惊的→__________ n.惊讶 68.剪刀;剪子 n. __________ 69.办公楼,办事处 n. __________ 70.得到,收到 v. __________ 71.癌(症) n. __________ 72.假发 n. __________ 73.聪颖的,机灵的 adj. __________ 74.微笑 v. __________→__________ n.微笑 75.认为 v. __________ 短语 1.玩得开心 __________ 2.放下 __________ 3.一直做某事 __________ 4.复习 __________ 5.在我心中 __________ 6.充满…… __________ 7.一整晚 __________ 8.令某人吃惊的是 __________ 9.参加 __________ 10.事实上 __________ 11.用……装满…… __________ 12.不得不做某事 __________ 13.迟到 __________ 14.例如 __________ 15.嘲笑 __________ 16.摇头 __________ 17.一天一天地 __________ 18.摘下 __________ 19.处理 __________ 句型 1.他们期待好事发生。 _______________________________ 2.玻璃实验展示了人们对生活的看法。 _______________________________ 3.把杯子装满水有不同的方法。 _______________________________ 4.杯子是半满的还是半空的? _______________________________ 5.积极思考,发现生活的光明面。 _______________________________ 6.有时他们嘲笑他。 _______________________________ 7.谢谢你帮助患有癌症的孩子。 _______________________________ 8.是时候再次种植幸福了。 _______________________________ 9.这本书充满了魔力。 _______________________________ 10.但其实,爱是幸福的关键。 _______________________________ 11.幸福的理由有很多。 _______________________________ 12.我们试着抚摸她,并决定让她加入我们的家庭。 _______________________________ 语法 一般过去时 写作 写一个关于通过帮助别人而感到快乐的小故事 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 Part 1重点词汇与短语 知识点1：Holidays and having fun 假期和玩乐   ①have fun (in) doing sth.意为“做某事很开心”,介词in可以省略。 例句： We had fun (in) riding our bicycles to the beach today.我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心。 ②have fun相当于have a good/great/wonderful time或enjoy oneself。 例句： Have fun at the party!/ Have a good time at the party!/ Enjoy yourself at the party! 派对上玩得开心! 知识点2：But I kept going over the exciting story in my mind.但我一直在脑海里回味着这个激动人心的故事。 ①exciting作形容词,表示“令人激动的;令人兴奋的”,常用来修饰物/事。 例句： He told us an exciting story yesterday.他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。 ②excited作形容词,意为“激动的;兴奋的”,常用来修饰人。be excited about...意为“对……激动的”;be excited to do sth.意为“做某事很激动” 例句： Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了,感到兴奋吗? She was excited to receive the invitation.她收到邀请很兴奋。 ③excitedly作副词,表示“兴奋地,激动地”;excitement作名词,表示“兴奋或激动的状态”。 例句： She couldn’t hide her excitement when she won the competition. 她赢得比赛时无法掩饰她的兴奋。 They chatted excitedly about their upcoming vacation. 他们兴奋地谈论着即将到来的假期。 知识点3：In winter, the freezing wind swept across the floor all night long.冬天,寒风整夜刮过地板。 ①freezing作形容词,意为“冰点以下的,结冰的;极冷的;(雾、雨)冻的”;作名词,意为“冰点”。 The temperatures remained below freezing all day.气温一整天都保持在冰点以下。 ②freeze作动词,意为“结冰;冷冻;冻僵;冻结”等,其过去式为froze。 例句： Water freezes at 0℃.水在0摄氏度时结冰。 The clothes froze solid on the washing-line.衣服在晒衣绳上冻成了硬块。 The government will freeze prices for the next six months.政府将会把价格冻结六个月。 知识点4：The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life.全家人都忘记了饥饿和贫穷的生活。 【固定搭配】 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) 例句： The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作) 知识点5：Other people often believe that bad things will happen.另一些人经常认为坏事会发生。 believe作动词,意为“相信;认为”,believe in oneself意为“相信某人自己”。 【固定搭配】 believe+宾语+宾语补足语 认为某人是…… believe+宾语从句 相信某事…… 例句： I believe (that) he will come.我相信他会来的。 I believe him to be honest.我认为他是诚实的。 知识点5：There are different ways to fill a glass with water.把杯子装满水有不同的方法。 way意为“方式;方法”,way to do sth./of doing sth.,意为“做某事的方式/方法”。也可意为“路、路线。way可以指具体的路、街道或通向某地的路线,也可以指做某事所采用的方法或方式。 例句： They are trying to find a way to stop the disease.他们正设法寻找防止这种疾病的方法。 He asked me the way to the post office.他问我去邮局的路。 知识点6：And she missed the...而且她错过了…… ①miss作动词,意为“思念;未击中/射中;错过”,miss doing sth.意为“错过做某事”。 例句： I miss my parents.我思念我的父母。 He missed the target.他没能击中目标。 —Did you watch the football game last night? —No, I missed it. ——你昨晚看足球比赛了吗? ——没有,我错过了。 ②miss的形容词形式为missing,意为“丢失的;不见的”,相当于lost。 例句： My dog was missing. I want you help me find it.我的狗丢了。我需要你帮我找。 知识点7：How to lead a positive life 如何过积极的生活 positive作形容词,意为“乐观的,有信心的;积极的”,其副词形式为positively,意为“乐观地;明确地;自信地”。 例句： Be a positive person and share your smile with others. 做一个积极乐观的人,跟大家一起分享你的快乐。 So I learned a lot at school and at home, and I was able to take this on and use it positively. 所以我在学校和家里学到了很多东西,我能够积极地接受和运用它。 知识点8：He heard a voice behind him.他听到身后有声音。 voice意为“嗓音;说话声;歌唱声”,可指人说、唱、哭、笑所发出的声音,可指鸟鸣,但不指野兽等的吼叫,用作可数名词。 例句： She has a beautiful voice.她有着优美的声音。 He shouted at the top of his voice.他高声呼喊。 【用法辨析】 voice 主要指人的声音,包括说话、唱歌和笑声等。它也可以用来指鸟鸣声等少数动物的声音 sound 泛指任何可以听到的声音,包括人声、动物发出的声音以及物体碰撞的声音等。它的使用范围非常广泛,几乎可以指自然界中的任何声音 noise 通常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声,常带有贬义。它通常指令人不愉快的声音,如交通噪音、施工噪音等 The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我。 Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。 知识点9：The barber’s scissors did their work.理发师的剪刀剪了起来。 ①表示具体的剪刀物品时,通常使用复数形式scissors。 例句： We bought some new scissors yesterday.我们昨天买了一些新剪刀。 ②当表示一把剪刀时,可以使用a pair of scissors,动词和pair在数上保持一致。 例句： A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.一把剪刀放在那个抽屉里。 There are 3 pairs of scissors.有三把剪刀。 Part 2重点句式与结构 句式1：They expect good things to happen.他们期待好事发生。 【结构解析】 主语（They）+ 谓语（expect）+ 宾语（good things）+ 宾语补足语（to happen）。句子主干为“They expect good things”，“to happen”作为不定式短语补充说明宾语“good things”的状态，即“好事要发生”。 【核心句式】 主谓宾+宾补（S+V+O+OC），具体为“expect + 名词/代词 + to do sth”（期待某人/某物做某事）。 【典型用法】 ① expect 的用法：可接名词、代词作宾语，也可接不定式（expect to do sth）、宾语从句；此处“expect + 宾语 + to do”是高频用法，强调“期待某事物发生某种动作”。 ② 不定式短语作宾补：常用在expect, want, ask, tell等动词后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 句式2：The glass experiment shows people’s view on life.这个玻璃实验展现了人们的人生观。 【结构解析】 主语（The glass experiment）+ 谓语（shows）+ 宾语（people’s view on life）。句子主干清晰，“The glass experiment”是名词短语作主语，“people’s view on life”也是名词短语作宾语，其中“on life”是介词短语作定语修饰“view”。 【核心句式】 主谓宾（S+V+O），即“某物 + 展现/表明 + 某物”的陈述句式。 【典型用法】 ① 名词所有格“people’s”：表示“人们的”，复数名词不以s结尾时，所有格直接加’s。 ② 介词短语“on life”作定语：“view on/about sth”表示“对某事的观点/看法”，类似搭配还有“opinion on sth”“attitude to/towards sth”。 ③ show的用法：此处为及物动词，表“展现、表明”，后直接接宾语，也可接双宾语（show sb sth = show sth to sb）。 句式3：There are different ways to fill a glass with water.有多种往杯子里加水的方法。 【结构解析】 There be 句型（There are）+ 主语（different ways）+ 后置定语（to fill a glass with water）。此处“there”是形式主语，真正的主语是“different ways”，“to fill a glass with water”是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰“ways”，说明“是何种方式”。 【核心句式】 There be + 名词 + 后置定语（不定式短语），表示“存在某种事物（有某种方式/方法等）”。 【典型用法】 ① There be 句型的主谓一致：be动词的单复数由后面的主语（名词）决定，此处主语“different ways”是复数，故用are。 ② 不定式短语作后置定语：修饰“way, method, chance, opportunity”等名词时，常用不定式（to do）作后置定语，说明“做某事的方式/机会”。 ③ 固定搭配“fill A with B”：表示“用B装满A”，其被动形式为“A be filled with B”（A被B装满）。 句式4：Is the glass half full or half empty?杯子是半满的还是半空的？ 【结构解析】 系动词（Is）+ 主语（the glass）+ 表语（half full or half empty）。这是一个选择疑问句，核心结构是“系动词 + 主语 + 两个并列的表语（由or连接）”，两个表语“half full”和“half empty”都是形容词短语，并列说明主语的状态。 【核心句式】 选择疑问句（系表结构），即“Be + 主语 + 表语1 or 表语2？”，用于询问主语的状态是两者中的哪一种。 【典型用法】 ① 选择疑问句的构成：由一般疑问句加or连接两个并列的选项构成，回答时不能用yes/no，需直接选择其中一个选项或给出具体答案。 ② 副词half的用法：此处修饰形容词full和empty，表“一半地”，常用搭配“half + 形容词”（如half done半完成的）或“half + 名词”（如half an hour半小时）。 ③ 固定寓意：该句是经典谚语，用于询问他人的人生观，“half full”代表乐观，“half empty”代表悲观。 句式5：Think positively and find the bright side of life.积极思考，找到生活的光明面。 【结构解析】 两个并列的祈使句（由and连接），即“Think positively” + “find the bright side of life”。每个分句都是祈使句的基本结构（谓语动词原形开头），第一个分句中“positively”是副词作状语修饰“Think”；第二个分句中“the bright side of life”是名词短语作宾语，“of life”是介词短语作定语修饰“side”。 【核心句式】 并列祈使句，即“V1（原形）+ 状语 + and + V2（原形）+ 宾语”，用于表达“做某事1，然后做某事2”的建议或指令。 【典型用法】 ① 祈使句的并列：用and连接两个祈使句，表顺承关系，相当于“First do V1, then do V2”。 ② 副词修饰动词：“positively”是副词，置于动词“Think”后作状语，说明“思考”的方式（积极地）；形容词变副词的规则：以“e”结尾的形容词（positive）加“ly”构成副词。 ③ 固定搭配“the bright side of life”：表示“生活的光明面、生活的积极面”，“bright side”常用来指代“积极的一面”。 句式6：Sometimes they laughed at him.有时他们会嘲笑他。 【结构解析】 状语（Sometimes）+ 主语（they）+ 谓语（laughed at）+ 宾语（him）。句子主干为“they laughed at him”，“Sometimes”是频度副词作时间状语，置于句首修饰整个句子。 【核心句式】 主谓宾（S+V+O），此处谓语是固定短语“laugh at”（嘲笑），属于“动词+介词”型短语动词，后必须接宾语。 【典型用法】 ① 频度副词的位置：“sometimes, usually, often”等频度副词可置于句首、句中或句末，置于句首时需用逗号与主句隔开（此处省略逗号，属常见用法）。 ② 短语动词“laugh at”：“动词+介词”型短语动词，宾语无论是否是代词，都需置于介词后（如laugh at him，不可说laugh him at）。 ③ 时态：“laughed”是laugh的过去式，此处用一般过去时表示“过去某个时候发生的动作”。 句式7：Thank you for helping kids with cancer.感谢你帮助患有癌症的孩子们。 【结构解析】 祈使句开头（Thank you）+ 原因状语（for helping kids with cancer）。“Thank you”是固定表达，“for helping kids with cancer”是介词短语作原因状语，说明感谢的原因；其中“helping kids with cancer”是动名词短语作介词for的宾语，“with cancer”是介词短语作定语修饰“kids”。 【核心句式】 感谢句型，即“Thank you for doing sth”（感谢你做某事）。 【典型用法】 ① 固定句型“Thank you for doing sth”：for是介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式（doing），不可接不定式（to do）。 ② 动名词短语作宾语：此处“helping”是动名词，作for的宾语，动名词后可接宾语（kids）。 ③ 介词短语“with cancer”作定语：“with + 疾病”表示“患有某种疾病”，如“a man with a cold”（感冒的人）；类似“help sb with sth”是“帮助某人做某事”，但此处“with cancer”是修饰kids，非help的搭配。 句式8：It’s time to grow happiness again.又到了培育幸福的时候了。 【结构解析】 形式主语（It）+ 系动词（is）+ 表语（time）+ 真正主语（to grow happiness again）。此处“It”是形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语“to grow happiness again”，避免句子头重脚轻；“again”是副词作状语修饰“grow”。 【核心句式】 固定句型“It’s time to do sth”（到了做某事的时候了）。 【典型用法】 ① 形式主语It的用法：当不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，常用It作形式主语，将真正主语置于句末，使句子结构更平衡。 ② 固定句型拓展：It’s time 后还可接for + 名词（如It’s time for lunch）或that从句（如It’s time that we went home，从句常用过去时表虚拟）。 ③ grow的用法：此处为及物动词，表“培育、培养”，不同于其“生长”的本义，属于引申义，如“grow love/friendship”（培育爱/友谊）。 句式9：The book was full of magic.这本书充满了魔力。 【结构解析】 主语（The book）+ 系动词（was）+ 表语（full of magic）。“full of magic”是形容词短语作表语，其中“full”是形容词，“of magic”是介词短语补充说明“full”的对象。 【核心句式】 系表结构（S+be+表语），具体为“主语 + be full of + 名词”（某物充满某物）。 【典型用法】 ① 固定搭配“be full of”：表示“充满……”，相当于“be filled with”（被动形式），如“The room is full of sunshine = The room is filled with sunshine”。 ② 时态：“was”是is的过去式，此处用一般过去时表示“过去这本书的状态”。 ③ magic的用法：此处为不可数名词，表“魔力、魔法”，前面不加冠词；也可作形容词，如“a magic box”（魔法盒子）。 句式10：But love, in fact, is the key to happiness.但事实上，爱是幸福的关键。 【结构解析】 转折连词（But）+ 主语（love）+ 插入语（in fact）+ 系动词（is）+ 表语（the key to happiness）。“But”表转折，连接上下文；“in fact”是插入语，用于强调语气，可置于句首、句中或句末（置于句中时需用逗号隔开）；“the key to happiness”是名词短语作表语，“to happiness”是介词短语作定语修饰“key”。 【核心句式】 系表结构（S+be+表语），带插入语，用于强调观点。 【典型用法】 ① 插入语“in fact”：意为“事实上、实际上”，插入句中时不影响句子的基本结构，仅起到语气强调作用。 ② 固定搭配“the key to sth”：表示“某事的关键、某物的钥匙”，此处“to”是介词，后接名词（happiness），若接动词需用动名词（doing），如“the key to solving the problem”（解决问题的关键）。 ③ love的用法：此处为不可数名词，作主语，谓语动词用单数（is）。 句式11：There are so many reasons to be happy.有太多值得开心的理由了。 【结构解析】 There be 句型（There are）+ 主语（so many reasons）+ 后置定语（to be happy）。“there”是形式主语，真正主语是“so many reasons”；“to be happy”是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰“reasons”，说明“是何种理由（值得开心的理由）”；“so many”是形容词短语修饰“reasons”，表“如此多的”。 【核心句式】 There be + 数量短语 + 名词 + 后置定语（不定式短语），表示“存在大量的某种事物”。 【典型用法】 ① There be 句型与数量短语的搭配：“so many + 可数名词复数”（如此多的……），对应be动词用复数（are）；若为“so much + 不可数名词”，be动词用单数（is）。 ② 不定式短语作后置定语：修饰“reason, chance, way”等名词时，常用不定式（to do）作后置定语，此处“to be happy”可理解为“to be happy for”（值得开心的）。 ③ be happy的用法：happy是形容词，需与系动词（be, feel, seem等）连用，此处不定式短语中用be动词原形（to be happy）。 句式12：We tried to touch her, and decided to let her join our family.我们试着去触碰她，并决定让她加入我们的家庭。 【结构解析】 主语（We）+ 两个并列的谓语动词（tried 和 decided，由and连接）+ 各自的宾语（不定式短语）。第一个谓语“tried”后接不定式短语“to touch her”作宾语；第二个谓语“decided”后接不定式短语“to let her join our family”作宾语，其中“her join our family”是省略to的不定式短语作“let”的宾语补足语。 【核心句式】 主语 + 并列谓语 + 宾语（不定式短语），即“S + V1 + to do sth + and + V2 + to do sth”；嵌套“let sb do sth”（让某人做某事）的句式。 【典型用法】 ① 并列谓语的用法：两个谓语动词（tried, decided）由and连接，共用一个主语（We），时态保持一致（均为过去式）。 ② 动词接不定式作宾语：“try to do sth”（试着做某事）、“decide to do sth”（决定做某事），这两个动词后均需接不定式（to do）作宾语，不可接动名词（doing）。 ③ 使役动词let的用法：“let + 宾语 + 动词原形”（省略to的不定式作宾补），类似的使役动词还有make, have（如make sb do sth）。 单元语法：一般过去时 一般过去时的用法 知识要点 主要内容 用法说明 核心定义 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作、存在的状态；也可表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。 动作或状态均已结束，与现在没有直接联系。例：He went to Beijing yesterday.（特定时间动作）；She often walked to school last term.（过去习惯性动作） 谓语动词构成 1. 规则动词：用动词过去式（词尾加-ed，有特殊变化规则）；2. 不规则动词：需牢记特殊的过去式形式（无固定加-ed规则） 规则动词变化：① 直接加-ed：work→worked、play→played；② 以e结尾加-d：live→lived、love→loved；③ 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）双写尾字母加-ed：stop→stopped、plan→planned；④ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加-ed：study→studied、carry→carried；不规则动词示例：go→went、eat→ate、see→saw、be→was/were 常用时间标志词 1. 具体过去时间点：yesterday（昨天）、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening（昨天上/下/晚上）、last night/week/month/year（昨晚/上周/上月/去年）、the day before yesterday（前天）；2. 过去时间段相关：in 2023（在2023年）、in + 过去年份/月份、at + 过去具体时刻（at 8 o'clock yesterday morning）；3. 其他：just now（刚才）、a moment ago（片刻之前）、once（曾经） 出现以上时间标志词时，句子通常用一般过去时。例：They finished their homework a moment ago. 肯定句句式 1. 主语 + 规则动词过去式 + 其他；2. 主语 + 不规则动词过去式 + 其他；3. 主语 + was/were + 表语（形容词/名词/介词短语等）（be动词的一般过去时） ① Tom cleaned his room last weekend.（规则动词）；② Lily saw a film yesterday evening.（不规则动词）；③ She was happy at the party.（be动词was）；④ They were in the park last Sunday.（be动词were） 否定句句式 1. 实义动词（规则/不规则）：主语 + didn't（did not） + 动词原形 + 其他；2. be动词：主语 + wasn't（was not）/weren't（were not） + 表语 + 其他 ① 肯定：He played football. 否定：He didn't play football.（注意：didn't后用原形）；② 肯定：They were late. 否定：They weren't late. 一般疑问句句式 1. 实义动词：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ （肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't.）；2. be动词：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 + 其他？ （肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't.） ① 实义动词：—Did she watch TV last night? —Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.；② be动词：—Was he at home yesterday? —Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't. 特殊疑问句句式 1. 实义动词：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？；2. be动词：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？ ① 实义动词：—What did you do last Saturday? —I visited my grandparents.；② be动词：—Where were you last night? —I was in the library. 常见易错点 1. 混淆be动词过去式（was用于I/He/She/It；were用于You/We/They）；2. 否定句/疑问句中，实义动词仍用过去式（正确应为原形，借助didn't）；3. 不规则动词过去式记忆不牢固；4. 遗漏时间标志词时，无法判断用一般过去时 错误示例：He didn't went to school.（正确：He didn't go to school.）；错误示例：I were late.（正确：I was late.） 单元写作：写一个关于通过帮助别人而感到快乐的小故事 主｜题｜解｜析 一、写作主题 本主题属于“人与社会”范畴下的“和谐家庭与社区生活”子主题，聚焦家庭成员间的互助行为。要求通过讲述具体的帮助家人的事例，展现家庭成员间的亲密感情，同时表达“帮助他人能收获快乐”的核心感悟。 二、内容要点 简要介绍自己的家庭成员（如父母、兄弟姐妹等），使用正确的句型说明家庭成员的身份或日常状态。 详细描述一次帮助家人的具体经历（如帮助妈妈做家务、照顾生病的爸爸、辅导弟弟/妹妹学习等），需包含时间、地点、事件的起因、经过和结果。 写出帮助家人过程中的感受，以及家人的反应（如感谢、表扬、温暖的互动等），体现家庭成员间的亲密感情。 表达通过这次帮助行为收获的快乐，以及对“家庭互助”意义的简单理解。 三、写作思路 段落 写作任务 核心内容 句型提示 开头段（引入） 介绍家庭成员，引出帮助家人的事件背景 1. 自我介绍及家庭成员构成；2. 说明家人的日常状态（如妈妈忙碌、爸爸辛苦等），为后续帮助行为做铺垫 There are...people in my family. They are... / My mother is a...She usually... / My father works hard every day. 中间段（叙事） 详细描述帮助家人的过程 1. 事件起因（如妈妈感冒、周末家务多等）；2. 自己的决定和具体行动（分1-2个步骤写）；3. 家人的反应 Last Saturday, my mother was ill, so I decided to... / First, I...Then, I... / When my mother saw it, she...with a smile. 结尾段（感悟） 表达感受与收获 1. 帮助家人后的心情；2. 理解到的家庭互助的意义；3. 未来继续帮助家人的意愿 I felt very happy because I could help my family. / Helping others makes me happy. / I will try my best to help my family more. 构｜思｜写｜作 步骤1：审题立意，确定素材 首先明确写作核心：“帮助家人”+“感受快乐”，素材需贴近初中生的真实家庭生活，避免过于复杂的情节。可从以下方向选择素材：① 帮助妈妈打扫卫生、做饭；② 照顾生病的家人，端水送药；③ 辅导弟弟/妹妹完成作业；④ 帮爸爸整理文件、洗车等。确定素材后，明确要展现的亲密感情（如母爱、父爱、手足情）。 步骤2：梳理结构，列写作提纲 根据“开头-中间-结尾”的结构，列出简单提纲：① 开头：介绍家庭组成（如“我家有三口人，爸爸、妈妈和我”），说明家人日常状态（如“妈妈每天下班还要做家务，很辛苦”）；② 中间：交代事件起因（如“上周日妈妈感冒了”），写具体帮助行为（如“我主动打扫房间、煮面条”），描述家人反应（如“妈妈夸我长大了，很感动”）；③ 结尾：表达自己的感受（如“我很快乐”）和感悟（如“帮助家人是我的责任”）。 步骤3：筛选词汇，组织句子 结合七年级所学词汇和句型，将提纲中的内容转化为英语句子。注意句子要简洁通顺，避免使用未学过的复杂词汇和语法。例如，将“我帮妈妈打扫房间”转化为“I helped my mother clean the room.”，而非使用复杂的从句。同时，注意时态一致，讲述过去的事件用一般过去时。 步骤4：检查修改，完善作文 完成初稿后，从以下方面检查：① 词汇和句型使用是否正确（如家庭成员称呼、动词时态）；② 内容是否完整（是否包含“帮助过程”“家人反应”“个人感受”）；③ 语句是否通顺，有无语法错误（如主谓一致、名词单复数）；④ 是否体现了家庭成员间的亲密感情。修改后，整理成通顺的完整作文。 范｜文｜示｜例 写作试题 参考范文 爱是荒漠甘泉,滋养你的心灵;爱是长夜明灯,指引你前进。它或来自你的父母、家人或来自你的老师、朋友、同学甚至陌生人。请以“Life is Full of Love”为题写一篇英语短文,叙述一个你经历过的充满爱的故事。词数80—100。 Life is Full of Love ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Life is Full of Love 　　Is there love in your heart? I want to share one with all of you. 　　One afternoon, I got onto the bus home.Though the bus was crowded, I was lucky enough to have a seat.Just then, a woman got on the bus with a baby in her arms.When I wanted to stand up to give my seat to her, she said to me with a warm voice.“Boy, you must be very tired after the whole day’s work.So sit here and have a good rest.” 　　How kind she was! My heart was full of love. 参｜考｜词｜句 1. 核心词汇 （1）家庭成员 father (爸爸), mother (妈妈), brother (哥哥/弟弟), sister (姐姐/妹妹), parent (父母), family (家庭), my dear family (我亲爱的家人) （2）动作行为（帮助家人相关） help (帮助), clean (打扫), cook (做饭), wash (洗), sweep the floor (扫地), make the bed (整理床铺), cook noodles (煮面条), take medicine (吃药), give sb. water (给某人递水), help sb. with sth. (帮某人做某事), finish (完成), try one's best (尽最大努力) （3）情感与状态 happy (快乐的), tired (疲惫的), ill (生病的), sad (难过的), warm (温暖的), moved (感动的), proud (自豪的), smile (微笑), thank (感谢), praise (表扬) 2. 常用句型 （1）介绍家庭成员 1. There are + 数字 + people in my family. They are my father, my mother and me.（我家有……口人，他们是我的爸爸、妈妈和我。） 2. My father is a + 职业 (e.g., teacher, worker). He works hard every day.（我的爸爸是……，他每天工作很努力。） 3. My mother is very kind. She always takes good care of me.（我的妈妈很善良，她总是好好照顾我。） （2）描述帮助行为 1. Last + 时间 (e.g., Saturday, Sunday), I helped my + 家人 + (to) do sth.（上周……，我帮我的……做了某事。） 2. When + 家人状态 (e.g., my mother was ill), I decided to + 帮助行为.（当……时，我决定……） 3. First, I + 动作1. Then, I + 动作2. Finally, I + 动作3.（首先，我……；然后，我……；最后，我……） 4. I helped my + 家人 + with + 名词 (e.g., housework, homework).（我帮我的……做……） （3）表达情感与感悟 1. I felt very happy because I could help my family.（我感到很快乐，因为我能帮助我的家人。） 2. My mother/father smiled and said, "You are a good child!"（我的妈妈/爸爸笑着说：“你是个好孩子！”） 3. It was a warm day. I learned that helping others makes me happy.（这是温暖的一天，我明白了帮助别人会让我快乐。） 4. I love my family very much. I will help my family more in the future.（我非常爱我的家人，未来我会更多地帮助他们。） 优｜化｜策｜略 1.增加细节描写，让情节更生动 可在中间段增加对自己帮助过程中的心理活动或动作细节的描写。例如，在“I didn't know how to cook well”后增加“I asked my father for help on the phone. He told me to put some water in the pot first.”，让帮助行为更具体。 2.丰富词汇表达，提升语言多样性 可替换部分简单词汇，增强表达效果。例如，将“very tired”改为“really exhausted”，“very happy”改为“extremely happy”，“do housework”改为“do the chores”（注意替换的词汇需是七年级范围内或可理解的拓展词汇）。 3.增加过渡词，让逻辑更连贯 可在段落内部或段落之间增加过渡词，如在开头段结尾增加“So I always want to help her.”，自然引出中间的帮助事件；在中间段描述动作时，用“After that”代替“Then”，丰富过渡词的使用。 4.深化感悟，让主题更鲜明 可在结尾段增加对“家庭互助”意义的简单拓展，例如增加“I think family is the warmest place. We should help each other and love each other.”，让感悟更深刻。 （时间：30分钟，满分：50分）（仅供参考） 1、 单词拼写（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1．I (visit) the zoo with my family yesterday. 2．The farmer (feel) sad when he lost his horse. 3．He (complete) finished his homework before dinner. 4．When I was young, I (prefer) to stay at home when it was cold. 5．We have a school trip (one) a term. 6．Amy (teach) me to make tanghulu yesterday. 7．The little girl (fall) off the bike and hurt her leg just now. 8．When Mark went home with his friends, he was (surprise) to find something unusual happened. 9．Today’s temperature is -2℃. It’s (freeze). 10．He (learn) how to play the guitar by watching online courses last year. 2、 单项选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 11．I ________ the music carefully, but I couldn’t ________ anything. A．listened to; hear B．heard; listen to C．listened; hear D．heard; listen 12．—Long time no see, Linda. How’s it going? —________ I’m studying in Lanzhou now. A．I’m fine, too. B．That’s OK. C．Not bad, thanks. D．No problem. 13．— Don’t speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ________ down. — Sorry, I won’t. A．sound B．noise C．voice D．service 14．—Alice, how was your trip to Nanjing last weekend? —Great! It is a fantastic ________ that I will never forget. A．position B．growth C．experience D．example 15．Mia’s family don’t live here now. They ________ to Shenzhen five years ago. A．move B．moved C．will move D．are moving 16．—I’m afraid I can’t go to the party with you. My aunt is ill in hospital.     — ________. A．You can’t do that B．Sorry to hear that C．It’s OK D．It doesn’t matter 17．If you ________ British football ________ American football, you’ll find many differences. A．make; up B．compare; with C．talk; to D．blow; off 18．I went to the library straight after class. I ________ only two minutes on the way. A．spend B．spent C．is spending D．spends 19．I chose a ________ way to enjoy life and tried to solve difficulties on my own. A．broken B．dark C．positive D．safe 20．—I did badly in the math exam because I was careless. —________. Be more careful next time. A．I agree B．Thanks a lot C．What a shame D．Have a good time 3、 完成句子（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 21．他没吃晚饭就去加班了。 He went to work overtime dinner. 22．乐观面对生活对我们来说很重要。 for us the bright side of life. 23．这个故事充满了神奇的情节。 The story magical plots. 24．他在沙发上躺下，很快就睡着了。 He lay down on the sofa and soon . 25．我们应该及时复习所学过的知识。 We should what we have learned in time. 26．我静静地坐着，思考一天中所发生的事。 I and thought about the events of the day. 27．车站工作人员回电话来确认我们的车票没问题。 The station worker to make sure our tickets were okay. 28．昨天我和我妈妈试穿了很多新衣服。 My mother and I many new clothes yesterday. 29．徐霞客22岁时，开始了自己一生的旅程。 Xu Xiake on his life’s journey at 22. 30．恐龙在数百万年前就灭绝了。 Dinosaurs millions of years ago. 4、 阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） A People are always trying to live a healthy life. You might have read so much on this topic. The following ideas may sound strange, but they can really help you. Exercise when you are tired. After a long and tiring day of study, exercising might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, physical (身体的) activities can provide you with the missing energy (能量). Research shows that exercising for just 30 minutes can make you feel good! Write by hand to help the brain be active. Although writing something using a computer is faster, it is much better to remember the whole thing by writing it down by hand. When you read a handwritten text, naturally it’s easier for your brains to remember the information. Spare (留出) more time for yourself. By sparing the time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have a chance to think and get to know yourself better. And you won’t behave impulsively (冲动地). Drink hot drinks on a hot day. What cools more on a hot summer morning, cold water or hot water? The study shows that the hot water does make people feel cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will feel the change in temperature (温度) and increase the perspiration (出汗), which helps you cool down! 31．It’s best for us to ______ if we want to remember a long passage. A．read it over B．write it using a computer C．write it down by hand D．read it aloud 32．Why should we spare more time for ourselves? A．Because being alone helps us know our friends better. B．Because it’s a good way to know ourselves better. C．Because we can behave more impulsively. D．Because it will make us cool. 33．What can hot water help us on a hot day? A．It can help our bodies cool down. B．It can make our bodies strong. C．It can make our bodies comfortable. D．It can bring heat to our bodies. B Getting enough sleep is important for our mental and physical well-being (健康). For teenagers, sleep is even more important. However, national surveys in Sweden show that more than seven in 10 high schoolers are not getting enough sleep and that the more popular a teen is, the less time they spend sleeping. Most surprisingly, the most popular teens are likely to sleep up to 27 minutes less each night than their peers (同伴). “Twenty-seven minutes might not seem like a lot, but among teenagers a half-hour more sleep can make a big difference,” said Serena Bauducco, a sleep researcher at Orebro University in Sweden. “Thirty more minutes’ sleep can lead to improved mental health and better school performance (表现).” Researchers studied more than 1,300 Swedish teenagers aged 14 to 18. Among them, the “most popular” students slept less than their classmates. When comparing girls’ sleeping habits to boys’, the researchers found popular girls had a harder time falling or staying asleep than popular boys. “This might result from the different ways boys and girls act in friendships,” Bauducco said. “Girls express more care and concern (关心) for their friends than boys. They probably carry these concerns before bed, which could lead to sleeping difficulties.” Researchers think that a growing social circle could mean more time and emotion for friends, and less time left for sleep. To make matters worse, many teenagers try to catch up on sleep during the weekends. But that can backfire (适得其反). “If a teenager sleeps in on Sunday until 1 pm, it will be difficult to fall asleep that night, because they won’t feel tired,” Bauducco pointed out. “Failing to get up on time too often can make the sleep problem even worse during the week.” The findings underline the connections between our sleep problem and social world. Actually, being popular itself is not a bad thing, because socializing is an important part of becoming an adult. But popularity should never come at the cost of our sleep. We should work out a healthy balance, so that we can have enough downtime to relax and get refreshed. So, to all the popular teenagers out there, your social life may be successful, but make sure your sleep isn’t suffering as a result. 34．What can we learn from the passage? A．Girls have a bigger circle of friends than boys. B．Most high school students in Sweden get enough sleep. C．A half-hour more sleep helps students perform better at school. 35．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage teens to get 30 more minutes’ sleep every day. B．To ask teens to sleep a lot on weekends to make up for the lost sleep. C．To advise teens to find a balance between social life and sleeping habits. 36．Which of the following might be the best title? A．Teen Girls Have Sleeping Problems B．Being Popular Influences Teens’ Sleep C．Enough Sleep Makes Teens More Popular C ①Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. ②Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. ③Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University found that 66 percent of shy children had older brothers or sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied (欺负) by their older brothers or sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brother and sister may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. ④You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israel have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. ⑤For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don’t forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one. 37．What does the underlined word “genetic” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends. C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers. 38．We can learn from the passage that ________ may cause shyness. A．genetics, grown-ups and birthplace B．genetics, family size and birthplace C．family size, grown-ups and failure D．genetics, family size and freedom 39．Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by ________. A．blaming their failure on outside reasons B．trying new things and practicing conversation C．getting themselves away from their shy parents D．trying to understand reasons for their shyness 40．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③/④⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 5、 完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） Mom visited us from our hometown for ten days. Before leaving, she wanted to buy us a(n) 41 but noticed our apartment was full of things that “aren’t 42 yours.” “You’ve got 43 ,” she said, “but you seem to have got nothing.” Pointing at our TV, she said: “You own this, but the people inside are 44 and you may never see them.” She touched the radio: “This plays others’ songs. Although they make your life 45 , none of them truly 46 you.” On her last morning, she brought home a clay jar from the market quietly. “Make pickles of your own taste,” she smiled. “Then you’ll have something that belongs to you.” Since then, pickles of our own taste have been added to our 47 . When guests came, we served pickles. “A country flavor (味道), not bad!” When friends visited, they all 48 it, saying, “This tastes like countryside cooking!” The simple jar stayed in our kitchen corner, quietly making its special flavor. In our 49 days hurrying to live, that little jar always 50 us of Mom’s love and our roots. 41．A．souvenir B．present C．donation D．pickle 42．A．truly B．especially C．possibly D．correctly 43．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 44．A．neighbors B．families C．friends D．strangers 45．A．comfortable B．uneasy C．awful D．meaningful 46．A．looks after B．struggles with C．belongs to D．thinks of 47．A．meals B．house C．mind D．food 48．A．hated B．liked C．bought D．cooked 49．A．funny B．awful C．busy D．boring 50．A．asked B．said C．told D．reminded 6、 任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 When I think about the past twenty years, my heart is full of warm feelings. I’m thankful (感激的) for the people who helped me and stayed by my side. Three things are always important for me in life: my health, my job, and my family. Health comes first! As the saying (谚语) goes, “A strong body makes a strong mind.” Without good health, I can’t do the things I love. I can’t enjoy happy moments or take care of my family. Everything would be a mess (混乱) if I got sick. But health isn’t enough. In today’s world, we need money too. Money buys the things like food, a home, and clothes. It also helps us get a good education and doctor’s care. How can we make enough money? We have to work hard for our dreams! Home is the best place. My family gives me love and helps me solve problems. When I’m sad, they encourage (鼓励) me. When I need advice, they listen and share ideas. We laugh together and help each other. I like every moment with them. 51．What are always important for the writer in life? 52．Without good health, what will happen (发生)? 53．What else (其他的) does money give us besides (除……之外) food, home and clothes? 54．What does the writer think is the best place? 55．What is the most important thing for you? Why? 七、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is happiness? In some 56 (people) minds, happiness 57 (spring) from things like money. Some others think love is the key to happiness. Different people have different 58 (opinion). Reading books makes me happy. Last week, I 59 (read) Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. I was 60 (surprise) by the magical plots (情节). I 61 (forget) about my dinner. Besides, doing sports gives me a sense of happiness. I enjoy every moment of running. 62 Zhang Shun and the Steel Roses of China set good examples (树立榜样) for me. By learning from them, I can rise 63 every challenge in life. Of course, food also affects (影响) my happiness. 64 (actual), it is 65 most important one for me. Either porridge with eggs or desserts from friends mean love. 八、书面表达（共15分） 快乐在我们的生活中很重要，它可以让我们更健康、更幸福，请以“The Secret of My Happiness”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你幸福的秘诀。 内容包括： 1. 总是保持乐观 (stay positive) ，即使遇到坏的事情； 2. 热爱读书，读书可以获取知识还可以变得更优秀； 3. 帮助他人，快乐自己； 4. 广交朋友，友谊就像阳光。 要求： 1. 语言表达准确，语意通顺、连贯； 2. 词数：70词左右。 The Secret of My Happiness ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The secrets of happiness（复习讲义) 单词 1.书评 n . review→review v.评论 2.巧克力 n. chocolate 3.工厂,制造厂 n. factory 4.令人兴奋的 adj. exciting→excited adj.激动的;兴奋的 5.最 adv. most 6.奇异的,美妙的 adj.magical 7.部分 n.part 8.边,面,侧 n. side 9.镇,城镇,市镇 n. town 10.贫穷的,贫困的 adj.poor 11.停留 v. stay 12.唯一的,仅有的 adj. only 13.(食物)含水太多的 adj. watery→water n.水 14.卷心菜 n. cabbage 15.极冷的,严寒的 adj. freezing→freeze v.结冰 16.忘记,遗忘 v. forget 17.感动,触动 v. touch→touching adj.令人同情的 18.曾经,过去 adv. once 19.无阳(日)光的 adj. sunless→sun n.太阳 20.选择 v. choose→choice n.选择 21.每件事物;所有事物 pron. everything 22.有钱的,富有的 adj. rich 23.完成 v. complete 24.词组 n. expression 25.一段,一节 n. passage 26.意见,评论 n. comment 27.描述,描写 n. description→describe v.描写 28.主题 n. theme 29.同意,赞同 v.agree→disagree v.不同意;反对 30.段,段落 n. paragraph 31.理解 v. understand 32.另外的人 pron. other 33.把……联系起来 v. relate 34.经验 n. experience 35.意见,看法 n. opinion 36.话题,论题 n. topic 37.语法 n. grammar 38.规则 n. rule 39.另外的,更多的 det. more 40.正确的 adj.correct→correct v.改正 41.形式 n. form 42.国际象棋 n. chess 43.旅行,出行 n. trip 44.帖子 n. post 45.龙 n. dragon 46.给……洗澡 v. bath 47.决定,决断 v. decide→decision n.决定 48.篮子;篓子 n. basket 49.公主 n. princess 50.例子 n. example 51.调查 n. survey 52.空的 adj. empty→full (反义词)满的 53.发生 v. happen 54.有信心的 adj. positive→positively adv.积极地 55.吹动;刮动 v. blow→blew(过去式)吹动;刮动 56.挥动;摆动(某物) v. wave 57.说话声,嗓音 n. voice 58.只不过,只是 adv. just 59.他自己 pron. himself→he pron.他(主格)→him pron.他(宾格)→his pron.他的(形容词性物主代词)→his pron.他的(名词性物主代词) 60.羞愧,羞耻 n. shame→shameful adj.羞愧的 61.最后,终于 adv. finally→final adj.最后的 62.进入,到……里面 prep. into 63.男理发师 n. barber 64.落下,降落 v. fall→fell(过去式)落下,降落 65.肩膀 n. shoulder 66.顾客,客户n. customer 67.吃惊的,惊奇的 adj. surprised→surprising adj.令人吃惊的→surprise n.惊讶 68.剪刀;剪子 n. scissors 69.办公楼,办事处 n. office 70.得到,收到 v. receive 71.癌(症) n. cancer 72.假发 n. wig 73.聪颖的,机灵的 adj. smart 74.微笑 v. smile→smile n.微笑 75.认为 v. believe 短语 1.玩得开心 have fun  2.放下 put down  3.一直做某事 keep doing sth.  4.复习 go over  5.在我心中 in my mind  6.充满…… be full of...  7.一整晚 all night long  8.令某人吃惊的是 to sb.’s surprise  9.参加 join in  10.事实上 in fact  11.用……装满…… fill...with... 12.不得不做某事 have/has/had to do sth.  13.迟到 be late for  14.例如 for example  15.嘲笑 laugh at  16.摇头 shake sb.’s head  17.一天一天地 day after day  18.摘下 take off  19.处理 do with  句型 1.他们期待好事发生。 They expect good things to happen.  2.玻璃实验展示了人们对生活的看法。 The glass experiment shows people’s view on life.  3.把杯子装满水有不同的方法。 There are different ways to fill a glass with water.  4.杯子是半满的还是半空的? Is the glass half full or half empty? 5.积极思考,发现生活的光明面。 Think positively and find the bright side of life. 6.有时他们嘲笑他。 Sometimes they laughed at him. 7.谢谢你帮助患有癌症的孩子。 Thank you for helping kids with cancer. 8.是时候再次种植幸福了。 It’s time to grow happiness again. 9.这本书充满了魔力。 The book was full of magic.  10.但其实,爱是幸福的关键。 But love, in fact, is the key to happiness.  11.幸福的理由有很多。 There are so many reasons to be happy. 12.我们试着抚摸她,并决定让她加入我们的家庭。 We tried to touch her, and decided to let her join our family. 语法 一般过去时 写作 写一个关于通过帮助别人而感到快乐的小故事 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 Part 1重点词汇与短语 知识点1：Holidays and having fun 假期和玩乐   ①have fun (in) doing sth.意为“做某事很开心”,介词in可以省略。 例句： We had fun (in) riding our bicycles to the beach today.我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心。 ②have fun相当于have a good/great/wonderful time或enjoy oneself。 例句： Have fun at the party!/ Have a good time at the party!/ Enjoy yourself at the party! 派对上玩得开心! 知识点2：But I kept going over the exciting story in my mind.但我一直在脑海里回味着这个激动人心的故事。 ①exciting作形容词,表示“令人激动的;令人兴奋的”,常用来修饰物/事。 例句： He told us an exciting story yesterday.他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。 ②excited作形容词,意为“激动的;兴奋的”,常用来修饰人。be excited about...意为“对……激动的”;be excited to do sth.意为“做某事很激动” 例句： Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了,感到兴奋吗? She was excited to receive the invitation.她收到邀请很兴奋。 ③excitedly作副词,表示“兴奋地,激动地”;excitement作名词,表示“兴奋或激动的状态”。 例句： She couldn’t hide her excitement when she won the competition. 她赢得比赛时无法掩饰她的兴奋。 They chatted excitedly about their upcoming vacation. 他们兴奋地谈论着即将到来的假期。 知识点3：In winter, the freezing wind swept across the floor all night long.冬天,寒风整夜刮过地板。 ①freezing作形容词,意为“冰点以下的,结冰的;极冷的;(雾、雨)冻的”;作名词,意为“冰点”。 The temperatures remained below freezing all day.气温一整天都保持在冰点以下。 ②freeze作动词,意为“结冰;冷冻;冻僵;冻结”等,其过去式为froze。 例句： Water freezes at 0℃.水在0摄氏度时结冰。 The clothes froze solid on the washing-line.衣服在晒衣绳上冻成了硬块。 The government will freeze prices for the next six months.政府将会把价格冻结六个月。 知识点4：The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life.全家人都忘记了饥饿和贫穷的生活。 【固定搭配】 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) 例句： The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作) 知识点5：Other people often believe that bad things will happen.另一些人经常认为坏事会发生。 believe作动词,意为“相信;认为”,believe in oneself意为“相信某人自己”。 【固定搭配】 believe+宾语+宾语补足语 认为某人是…… believe+宾语从句 相信某事…… 例句： I believe (that) he will come.我相信他会来的。 I believe him to be honest.我认为他是诚实的。 知识点5：There are different ways to fill a glass with water.把杯子装满水有不同的方法。 way意为“方式;方法”,way to do sth./of doing sth.,意为“做某事的方式/方法”。也可意为“路、路线。way可以指具体的路、街道或通向某地的路线,也可以指做某事所采用的方法或方式。 例句： They are trying to find a way to stop the disease.他们正设法寻找防止这种疾病的方法。 He asked me the way to the post office.他问我去邮局的路。 知识点6：And she missed the...而且她错过了…… ①miss作动词,意为“思念;未击中/射中;错过”,miss doing sth.意为“错过做某事”。 例句： I miss my parents.我思念我的父母。 He missed the target.他没能击中目标。 —Did you watch the football game last night? —No, I missed it. ——你昨晚看足球比赛了吗? ——没有,我错过了。 ②miss的形容词形式为missing,意为“丢失的;不见的”,相当于lost。 例句： My dog was missing. I want you help me find it.我的狗丢了。我需要你帮我找。 知识点7：How to lead a positive life 如何过积极的生活 positive作形容词,意为“乐观的,有信心的;积极的”,其副词形式为positively,意为“乐观地;明确地;自信地”。 例句： Be a positive person and share your smile with others. 做一个积极乐观的人,跟大家一起分享你的快乐。 So I learned a lot at school and at home, and I was able to take this on and use it positively. 所以我在学校和家里学到了很多东西,我能够积极地接受和运用它。 知识点8：He heard a voice behind him.他听到身后有声音。 voice意为“嗓音;说话声;歌唱声”,可指人说、唱、哭、笑所发出的声音,可指鸟鸣,但不指野兽等的吼叫,用作可数名词。 例句： She has a beautiful voice.她有着优美的声音。 He shouted at the top of his voice.他高声呼喊。 【用法辨析】 voice 主要指人的声音,包括说话、唱歌和笑声等。它也可以用来指鸟鸣声等少数动物的声音 sound 泛指任何可以听到的声音,包括人声、动物发出的声音以及物体碰撞的声音等。它的使用范围非常广泛,几乎可以指自然界中的任何声音 noise 通常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声,常带有贬义。它通常指令人不愉快的声音,如交通噪音、施工噪音等 The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我。 Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。 知识点9：The barber’s scissors did their work.理发师的剪刀剪了起来。 ①表示具体的剪刀物品时,通常使用复数形式scissors。 例句： We bought some new scissors yesterday.我们昨天买了一些新剪刀。 ②当表示一把剪刀时,可以使用a pair of scissors,动词和pair在数上保持一致。 例句： A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.一把剪刀放在那个抽屉里。 There are 3 pairs of scissors.有三把剪刀。 Part 2重点句式与结构 句式1：They expect good things to happen.他们期待好事发生。 【结构解析】 主语（They）+ 谓语（expect）+ 宾语（good things）+ 宾语补足语（to happen）。句子主干为“They expect good things”，“to happen”作为不定式短语补充说明宾语“good things”的状态，即“好事要发生”。 【核心句式】 主谓宾+宾补（S+V+O+OC），具体为“expect + 名词/代词 + to do sth”（期待某人/某物做某事）。 【典型用法】 ① expect 的用法：可接名词、代词作宾语，也可接不定式（expect to do sth）、宾语从句；此处“expect + 宾语 + to do”是高频用法，强调“期待某事物发生某种动作”。 ② 不定式短语作宾补：常用在expect, want, ask, tell等动词后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 句式2：The glass experiment shows people’s view on life.这个玻璃实验展现了人们的人生观。 【结构解析】 主语（The glass experiment）+ 谓语（shows）+ 宾语（people’s view on life）。句子主干清晰，“The glass experiment”是名词短语作主语，“people’s view on life”也是名词短语作宾语，其中“on life”是介词短语作定语修饰“view”。 【核心句式】 主谓宾（S+V+O），即“某物 + 展现/表明 + 某物”的陈述句式。 【典型用法】 ① 名词所有格“people’s”：表示“人们的”，复数名词不以s结尾时，所有格直接加’s。 ② 介词短语“on life”作定语：“view on/about sth”表示“对某事的观点/看法”，类似搭配还有“opinion on sth”“attitude to/towards sth”。 ③ show的用法：此处为及物动词，表“展现、表明”，后直接接宾语，也可接双宾语（show sb sth = show sth to sb）。 句式3：There are different ways to fill a glass with water.有多种往杯子里加水的方法。 【结构解析】 There be 句型（There are）+ 主语（different ways）+ 后置定语（to fill a glass with water）。此处“there”是形式主语，真正的主语是“different ways”，“to fill a glass with water”是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰“ways”，说明“是何种方式”。 【核心句式】 There be + 名词 + 后置定语（不定式短语），表示“存在某种事物（有某种方式/方法等）”。 【典型用法】 ① There be 句型的主谓一致：be动词的单复数由后面的主语（名词）决定，此处主语“different ways”是复数，故用are。 ② 不定式短语作后置定语：修饰“way, method, chance, opportunity”等名词时，常用不定式（to do）作后置定语，说明“做某事的方式/机会”。 ③ 固定搭配“fill A with B”：表示“用B装满A”，其被动形式为“A be filled with B”（A被B装满）。 句式4：Is the glass half full or half empty?杯子是半满的还是半空的？ 【结构解析】 系动词（Is）+ 主语（the glass）+ 表语（half full or half empty）。这是一个选择疑问句，核心结构是“系动词 + 主语 + 两个并列的表语（由or连接）”，两个表语“half full”和“half empty”都是形容词短语，并列说明主语的状态。 【核心句式】 选择疑问句（系表结构），即“Be + 主语 + 表语1 or 表语2？”，用于询问主语的状态是两者中的哪一种。 【典型用法】 ① 选择疑问句的构成：由一般疑问句加or连接两个并列的选项构成，回答时不能用yes/no，需直接选择其中一个选项或给出具体答案。 ② 副词half的用法：此处修饰形容词full和empty，表“一半地”，常用搭配“half + 形容词”（如half done半完成的）或“half + 名词”（如half an hour半小时）。 ③ 固定寓意：该句是经典谚语，用于询问他人的人生观，“half full”代表乐观，“half empty”代表悲观。 句式5：Think positively and find the bright side of life.积极思考，找到生活的光明面。 【结构解析】 两个并列的祈使句（由and连接），即“Think positively” + “find the bright side of life”。每个分句都是祈使句的基本结构（谓语动词原形开头），第一个分句中“positively”是副词作状语修饰“Think”；第二个分句中“the bright side of life”是名词短语作宾语，“of life”是介词短语作定语修饰“side”。 【核心句式】 并列祈使句，即“V1（原形）+ 状语 + and + V2（原形）+ 宾语”，用于表达“做某事1，然后做某事2”的建议或指令。 【典型用法】 ① 祈使句的并列：用and连接两个祈使句，表顺承关系，相当于“First do V1, then do V2”。 ② 副词修饰动词：“positively”是副词，置于动词“Think”后作状语，说明“思考”的方式（积极地）；形容词变副词的规则：以“e”结尾的形容词（positive）加“ly”构成副词。 ③ 固定搭配“the bright side of life”：表示“生活的光明面、生活的积极面”，“bright side”常用来指代“积极的一面”。 句式6：Sometimes they laughed at him.有时他们会嘲笑他。 【结构解析】 状语（Sometimes）+ 主语（they）+ 谓语（laughed at）+ 宾语（him）。句子主干为“they laughed at him”，“Sometimes”是频度副词作时间状语，置于句首修饰整个句子。 【核心句式】 主谓宾（S+V+O），此处谓语是固定短语“laugh at”（嘲笑），属于“动词+介词”型短语动词，后必须接宾语。 【典型用法】 ① 频度副词的位置：“sometimes, usually, often”等频度副词可置于句首、句中或句末，置于句首时需用逗号与主句隔开（此处省略逗号，属常见用法）。 ② 短语动词“laugh at”：“动词+介词”型短语动词，宾语无论是否是代词，都需置于介词后（如laugh at him，不可说laugh him at）。 ③ 时态：“laughed”是laugh的过去式，此处用一般过去时表示“过去某个时候发生的动作”。 句式7：Thank you for helping kids with cancer.感谢你帮助患有癌症的孩子们。 【结构解析】 祈使句开头（Thank you）+ 原因状语（for helping kids with cancer）。“Thank you”是固定表达，“for helping kids with cancer”是介词短语作原因状语，说明感谢的原因；其中“helping kids with cancer”是动名词短语作介词for的宾语，“with cancer”是介词短语作定语修饰“kids”。 【核心句式】 感谢句型，即“Thank you for doing sth”（感谢你做某事）。 【典型用法】 ① 固定句型“Thank you for doing sth”：for是介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式（doing），不可接不定式（to do）。 ② 动名词短语作宾语：此处“helping”是动名词，作for的宾语，动名词后可接宾语（kids）。 ③ 介词短语“with cancer”作定语：“with + 疾病”表示“患有某种疾病”，如“a man with a cold”（感冒的人）；类似“help sb with sth”是“帮助某人做某事”，但此处“with cancer”是修饰kids，非help的搭配。 句式8：It’s time to grow happiness again.又到了培育幸福的时候了。 【结构解析】 形式主语（It）+ 系动词（is）+ 表语（time）+ 真正主语（to grow happiness again）。此处“It”是形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语“to grow happiness again”，避免句子头重脚轻；“again”是副词作状语修饰“grow”。 【核心句式】 固定句型“It’s time to do sth”（到了做某事的时候了）。 【典型用法】 ① 形式主语It的用法：当不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，常用It作形式主语，将真正主语置于句末，使句子结构更平衡。 ② 固定句型拓展：It’s time 后还可接for + 名词（如It’s time for lunch）或that从句（如It’s time that we went home，从句常用过去时表虚拟）。 ③ grow的用法：此处为及物动词，表“培育、培养”，不同于其“生长”的本义，属于引申义，如“grow love/friendship”（培育爱/友谊）。 句式9：The book was full of magic.这本书充满了魔力。 【结构解析】 主语（The book）+ 系动词（was）+ 表语（full of magic）。“full of magic”是形容词短语作表语，其中“full”是形容词，“of magic”是介词短语补充说明“full”的对象。 【核心句式】 系表结构（S+be+表语），具体为“主语 + be full of + 名词”（某物充满某物）。 【典型用法】 ① 固定搭配“be full of”：表示“充满……”，相当于“be filled with”（被动形式），如“The room is full of sunshine = The room is filled with sunshine”。 ② 时态：“was”是is的过去式，此处用一般过去时表示“过去这本书的状态”。 ③ magic的用法：此处为不可数名词，表“魔力、魔法”，前面不加冠词；也可作形容词，如“a magic box”（魔法盒子）。 句式10：But love, in fact, is the key to happiness.但事实上，爱是幸福的关键。 【结构解析】 转折连词（But）+ 主语（love）+ 插入语（in fact）+ 系动词（is）+ 表语（the key to happiness）。“But”表转折，连接上下文；“in fact”是插入语，用于强调语气，可置于句首、句中或句末（置于句中时需用逗号隔开）；“the key to happiness”是名词短语作表语，“to happiness”是介词短语作定语修饰“key”。 【核心句式】 系表结构（S+be+表语），带插入语，用于强调观点。 【典型用法】 ① 插入语“in fact”：意为“事实上、实际上”，插入句中时不影响句子的基本结构，仅起到语气强调作用。 ② 固定搭配“the key to sth”：表示“某事的关键、某物的钥匙”，此处“to”是介词，后接名词（happiness），若接动词需用动名词（doing），如“the key to solving the problem”（解决问题的关键）。 ③ love的用法：此处为不可数名词，作主语，谓语动词用单数（is）。 句式11：There are so many reasons to be happy.有太多值得开心的理由了。 【结构解析】 There be 句型（There are）+ 主语（so many reasons）+ 后置定语（to be happy）。“there”是形式主语，真正主语是“so many reasons”；“to be happy”是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰“reasons”，说明“是何种理由（值得开心的理由）”；“so many”是形容词短语修饰“reasons”，表“如此多的”。 【核心句式】 There be + 数量短语 + 名词 + 后置定语（不定式短语），表示“存在大量的某种事物”。 【典型用法】 ① There be 句型与数量短语的搭配：“so many + 可数名词复数”（如此多的……），对应be动词用复数（are）；若为“so much + 不可数名词”，be动词用单数（is）。 ② 不定式短语作后置定语：修饰“reason, chance, way”等名词时，常用不定式（to do）作后置定语，此处“to be happy”可理解为“to be happy for”（值得开心的）。 ③ be happy的用法：happy是形容词，需与系动词（be, feel, seem等）连用，此处不定式短语中用be动词原形（to be happy）。 句式12：We tried to touch her, and decided to let her join our family.我们试着去触碰她，并决定让她加入我们的家庭。 【结构解析】 主语（We）+ 两个并列的谓语动词（tried 和 decided，由and连接）+ 各自的宾语（不定式短语）。第一个谓语“tried”后接不定式短语“to touch her”作宾语；第二个谓语“decided”后接不定式短语“to let her join our family”作宾语，其中“her join our family”是省略to的不定式短语作“let”的宾语补足语。 【核心句式】 主语 + 并列谓语 + 宾语（不定式短语），即“S + V1 + to do sth + and + V2 + to do sth”；嵌套“let sb do sth”（让某人做某事）的句式。 【典型用法】 ① 并列谓语的用法：两个谓语动词（tried, decided）由and连接，共用一个主语（We），时态保持一致（均为过去式）。 ② 动词接不定式作宾语：“try to do sth”（试着做某事）、“decide to do sth”（决定做某事），这两个动词后均需接不定式（to do）作宾语，不可接动名词（doing）。 ③ 使役动词let的用法：“let + 宾语 + 动词原形”（省略to的不定式作宾补），类似的使役动词还有make, have（如make sb do sth）。 单元语法：一般过去时 一般过去时的用法 知识要点 主要内容 用法说明 核心定义 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作、存在的状态；也可表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。 动作或状态均已结束，与现在没有直接联系。例：He went to Beijing yesterday.（特定时间动作）；She often walked to school last term.（过去习惯性动作） 谓语动词构成 1. 规则动词：用动词过去式（词尾加-ed，有特殊变化规则）；2. 不规则动词：需牢记特殊的过去式形式（无固定加-ed规则） 规则动词变化：① 直接加-ed：work→worked、play→played；② 以e结尾加-d：live→lived、love→loved；③ 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）双写尾字母加-ed：stop→stopped、plan→planned；④ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加-ed：study→studied、carry→carried；不规则动词示例：go→went、eat→ate、see→saw、be→was/were 常用时间标志词 1. 具体过去时间点：yesterday（昨天）、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening（昨天上/下/晚上）、last night/week/month/year（昨晚/上周/上月/去年）、the day before yesterday（前天）；2. 过去时间段相关：in 2023（在2023年）、in + 过去年份/月份、at + 过去具体时刻（at 8 o'clock yesterday morning）；3. 其他：just now（刚才）、a moment ago（片刻之前）、once（曾经） 出现以上时间标志词时，句子通常用一般过去时。例：They finished their homework a moment ago. 肯定句句式 1. 主语 + 规则动词过去式 + 其他；2. 主语 + 不规则动词过去式 + 其他；3. 主语 + was/were + 表语（形容词/名词/介词短语等）（be动词的一般过去时） ① Tom cleaned his room last weekend.（规则动词）；② Lily saw a film yesterday evening.（不规则动词）；③ She was happy at the party.（be动词was）；④ They were in the park last Sunday.（be动词were） 否定句句式 1. 实义动词（规则/不规则）：主语 + didn't（did not） + 动词原形 + 其他；2. be动词：主语 + wasn't（was not）/weren't（were not） + 表语 + 其他 ① 肯定：He played football. 否定：He didn't play football.（注意：didn't后用原形）；② 肯定：They were late. 否定：They weren't late. 一般疑问句句式 1. 实义动词：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ （肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't.）；2. be动词：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 + 其他？ （肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't.） ① 实义动词：—Did she watch TV last night? —Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.；② be动词：—Was he at home yesterday? —Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't. 特殊疑问句句式 1. 实义动词：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？；2. be动词：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？ ① 实义动词：—What did you do last Saturday? —I visited my grandparents.；② be动词：—Where were you last night? —I was in the library. 常见易错点 1. 混淆be动词过去式（was用于I/He/She/It；were用于You/We/They）；2. 否定句/疑问句中，实义动词仍用过去式（正确应为原形，借助didn't）；3. 不规则动词过去式记忆不牢固；4. 遗漏时间标志词时，无法判断用一般过去时 错误示例：He didn't went to school.（正确：He didn't go to school.）；错误示例：I were late.（正确：I was late.） 单元写作：写一个关于通过帮助别人而感到快乐的小故事 主｜题｜解｜析 一、写作主题 本主题属于“人与社会”范畴下的“和谐家庭与社区生活”子主题，聚焦家庭成员间的互助行为。要求通过讲述具体的帮助家人的事例，展现家庭成员间的亲密感情，同时表达“帮助他人能收获快乐”的核心感悟。 二、内容要点 简要介绍自己的家庭成员（如父母、兄弟姐妹等），使用正确的句型说明家庭成员的身份或日常状态。 详细描述一次帮助家人的具体经历（如帮助妈妈做家务、照顾生病的爸爸、辅导弟弟/妹妹学习等），需包含时间、地点、事件的起因、经过和结果。 写出帮助家人过程中的感受，以及家人的反应（如感谢、表扬、温暖的互动等），体现家庭成员间的亲密感情。 表达通过这次帮助行为收获的快乐，以及对“家庭互助”意义的简单理解。 三、写作思路 段落 写作任务 核心内容 句型提示 开头段（引入） 介绍家庭成员，引出帮助家人的事件背景 1. 自我介绍及家庭成员构成；2. 说明家人的日常状态（如妈妈忙碌、爸爸辛苦等），为后续帮助行为做铺垫 There are...people in my family. They are... / My mother is a...She usually... / My father works hard every day. 中间段（叙事） 详细描述帮助家人的过程 1. 事件起因（如妈妈感冒、周末家务多等）；2. 自己的决定和具体行动（分1-2个步骤写）；3. 家人的反应 Last Saturday, my mother was ill, so I decided to... / First, I...Then, I... / When my mother saw it, she...with a smile. 结尾段（感悟） 表达感受与收获 1. 帮助家人后的心情；2. 理解到的家庭互助的意义；3. 未来继续帮助家人的意愿 I felt very happy because I could help my family. / Helping others makes me happy. / I will try my best to help my family more. 构｜思｜写｜作 步骤1：审题立意，确定素材 首先明确写作核心：“帮助家人”+“感受快乐”，素材需贴近初中生的真实家庭生活，避免过于复杂的情节。可从以下方向选择素材：① 帮助妈妈打扫卫生、做饭；② 照顾生病的家人，端水送药；③ 辅导弟弟/妹妹完成作业；④ 帮爸爸整理文件、洗车等。确定素材后，明确要展现的亲密感情（如母爱、父爱、手足情）。 步骤2：梳理结构，列写作提纲 根据“开头-中间-结尾”的结构，列出简单提纲：① 开头：介绍家庭组成（如“我家有三口人，爸爸、妈妈和我”），说明家人日常状态（如“妈妈每天下班还要做家务，很辛苦”）；② 中间：交代事件起因（如“上周日妈妈感冒了”），写具体帮助行为（如“我主动打扫房间、煮面条”），描述家人反应（如“妈妈夸我长大了，很感动”）；③ 结尾：表达自己的感受（如“我很快乐”）和感悟（如“帮助家人是我的责任”）。 步骤3：筛选词汇，组织句子 结合七年级所学词汇和句型，将提纲中的内容转化为英语句子。注意句子要简洁通顺，避免使用未学过的复杂词汇和语法。例如，将“我帮妈妈打扫房间”转化为“I helped my mother clean the room.”，而非使用复杂的从句。同时，注意时态一致，讲述过去的事件用一般过去时。 步骤4：检查修改，完善作文 完成初稿后，从以下方面检查：① 词汇和句型使用是否正确（如家庭成员称呼、动词时态）；② 内容是否完整（是否包含“帮助过程”“家人反应”“个人感受”）；③ 语句是否通顺，有无语法错误（如主谓一致、名词单复数）；④ 是否体现了家庭成员间的亲密感情。修改后，整理成通顺的完整作文。 范｜文｜示｜例 写作试题 参考范文 爱是荒漠甘泉,滋养你的心灵;爱是长夜明灯,指引你前进。它或来自你的父母、家人或来自你的老师、朋友、同学甚至陌生人。请以“Life is Full of Love”为题写一篇英语短文,叙述一个你经历过的充满爱的故事。词数80—100。 Life is Full of Love ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Life is Full of Love 　　Is there love in your heart? I want to share one with all of you. 　　One afternoon, I got onto the bus home.Though the bus was crowded, I was lucky enough to have a seat.Just then, a woman got on the bus with a baby in her arms.When I wanted to stand up to give my seat to her, she said to me with a warm voice.“Boy, you must be very tired after the whole day’s work.So sit here and have a good rest.” 　　How kind she was! My heart was full of love. 参｜考｜词｜句 1. 核心词汇 （1）家庭成员 father (爸爸), mother (妈妈), brother (哥哥/弟弟), sister (姐姐/妹妹), parent (父母), family (家庭), my dear family (我亲爱的家人) （2）动作行为（帮助家人相关） help (帮助), clean (打扫), cook (做饭), wash (洗), sweep the floor (扫地), make the bed (整理床铺), cook noodles (煮面条), take medicine (吃药), give sb. water (给某人递水), help sb. with sth. (帮某人做某事), finish (完成), try one's best (尽最大努力) （3）情感与状态 happy (快乐的), tired (疲惫的), ill (生病的), sad (难过的), warm (温暖的), moved (感动的), proud (自豪的), smile (微笑), thank (感谢), praise (表扬) 2. 常用句型 （1）介绍家庭成员 1. There are + 数字 + people in my family. They are my father, my mother and me.（我家有……口人，他们是我的爸爸、妈妈和我。） 2. My father is a + 职业 (e.g., teacher, worker). He works hard every day.（我的爸爸是……，他每天工作很努力。） 3. My mother is very kind. She always takes good care of me.（我的妈妈很善良，她总是好好照顾我。） （2）描述帮助行为 1. Last + 时间 (e.g., Saturday, Sunday), I helped my + 家人 + (to) do sth.（上周……，我帮我的……做了某事。） 2. When + 家人状态 (e.g., my mother was ill), I decided to + 帮助行为.（当……时，我决定……） 3. First, I + 动作1. Then, I + 动作2. Finally, I + 动作3.（首先，我……；然后，我……；最后，我……） 4. I helped my + 家人 + with + 名词 (e.g., housework, homework).（我帮我的……做……） （3）表达情感与感悟 1. I felt very happy because I could help my family.（我感到很快乐，因为我能帮助我的家人。） 2. My mother/father smiled and said, "You are a good child!"（我的妈妈/爸爸笑着说：“你是个好孩子！”） 3. It was a warm day. I learned that helping others makes me happy.（这是温暖的一天，我明白了帮助别人会让我快乐。） 4. I love my family very much. I will help my family more in the future.（我非常爱我的家人，未来我会更多地帮助他们。） 优｜化｜策｜略 1.增加细节描写，让情节更生动 可在中间段增加对自己帮助过程中的心理活动或动作细节的描写。例如，在“I didn't know how to cook well”后增加“I asked my father for help on the phone. He told me to put some water in the pot first.”，让帮助行为更具体。 2.丰富词汇表达，提升语言多样性 可替换部分简单词汇，增强表达效果。例如，将“very tired”改为“really exhausted”，“very happy”改为“extremely happy”，“do housework”改为“do the chores”（注意替换的词汇需是七年级范围内或可理解的拓展词汇）。 3.增加过渡词，让逻辑更连贯 可在段落内部或段落之间增加过渡词，如在开头段结尾增加“So I always want to help her.”，自然引出中间的帮助事件；在中间段描述动作时，用“After that”代替“Then”，丰富过渡词的使用。 4.深化感悟，让主题更鲜明 可在结尾段增加对“家庭互助”意义的简单拓展，例如增加“I think family is the warmest place. We should help each other and love each other.”，让感悟更深刻。 （时间：30分钟，满分：50分）（仅供参考） 1、 单词拼写（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1．I (visit) the zoo with my family yesterday. 2．The farmer (feel) sad when he lost his horse. 3．He (complete) finished his homework before dinner. 4．When I was young, I (prefer) to stay at home when it was cold. 5．We have a school trip (one) a term. 6．Amy (teach) me to make tanghulu yesterday. 7．The little girl (fall) off the bike and hurt her leg just now. 8．When Mark went home with his friends, he was (surprise) to find something unusual happened. 9．Today’s temperature is -2℃. It’s (freeze). 10．He (learn) how to play the guitar by watching online courses last year. 2、 单项选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 11．I ________ the music carefully, but I couldn’t ________ anything. A．listened to; hear B．heard; listen to C．listened; hear D．heard; listen 12．—Long time no see, Linda. How’s it going? —________ I’m studying in Lanzhou now. A．I’m fine, too. B．That’s OK. C．Not bad, thanks. D．No problem. 13．— Don’t speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ________ down. — Sorry, I won’t. A．sound B．noise C．voice D．service 14．—Alice, how was your trip to Nanjing last weekend? —Great! It is a fantastic ________ that I will never forget. A．position B．growth C．experience D．example 15．Mia’s family don’t live here now. They ________ to Shenzhen five years ago. A．move B．moved C．will move D．are moving 16．—I’m afraid I can’t go to the party with you. My aunt is ill in hospital.     — ________. A．You can’t do that B．Sorry to hear that C．It’s OK D．It doesn’t matter 17．If you ________ British football ________ American football, you’ll find many differences. A．make; up B．compare; with C．talk; to D．blow; off 18．I went to the library straight after class. I ________ only two minutes on the way. A．spend B．spent C．is spending D．spends 19．I chose a ________ way to enjoy life and tried to solve difficulties on my own. A．broken B．dark C．positive D．safe 20．—I did badly in the math exam because I was careless. —________. Be more careful next time. A．I agree B．Thanks a lot C．What a shame D．Have a good time 3、 完成句子（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 21．他没吃晚饭就去加班了。 He went to work overtime dinner. 22．乐观面对生活对我们来说很重要。 for us the bright side of life. 23．这个故事充满了神奇的情节。 The story magical plots. 24．他在沙发上躺下，很快就睡着了。 He lay down on the sofa and soon . 25．我们应该及时复习所学过的知识。 We should what we have learned in time. 26．我静静地坐着，思考一天中所发生的事。 I and thought about the events of the day. 27．车站工作人员回电话来确认我们的车票没问题。 The station worker to make sure our tickets were okay. 28．昨天我和我妈妈试穿了很多新衣服。 My mother and I many new clothes yesterday. 29．徐霞客22岁时，开始了自己一生的旅程。 Xu Xiake on his life’s journey at 22. 30．恐龙在数百万年前就灭绝了。 Dinosaurs millions of years ago. 4、 阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） A People are always trying to live a healthy life. You might have read so much on this topic. The following ideas may sound strange, but they can really help you. Exercise when you are tired. After a long and tiring day of study, exercising might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, physical (身体的) activities can provide you with the missing energy (能量). Research shows that exercising for just 30 minutes can make you feel good! Write by hand to help the brain be active. Although writing something using a computer is faster, it is much better to remember the whole thing by writing it down by hand. When you read a handwritten text, naturally it’s easier for your brains to remember the information. Spare (留出) more time for yourself. By sparing the time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have a chance to think and get to know yourself better. And you won’t behave impulsively (冲动地). Drink hot drinks on a hot day. What cools more on a hot summer morning, cold water or hot water? The study shows that the hot water does make people feel cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will feel the change in temperature (温度) and increase the perspiration (出汗), which helps you cool down! 31．It’s best for us to ______ if we want to remember a long passage. A．read it over B．write it using a computer C．write it down by hand D．read it aloud 32．Why should we spare more time for ourselves? A．Because being alone helps us know our friends better. B．Because it’s a good way to know ourselves better. C．Because we can behave more impulsively. D．Because it will make us cool. 33．What can hot water help us on a hot day? A．It can help our bodies cool down. B．It can make our bodies strong. C．It can make our bodies comfortable. D．It can bring heat to our bodies. B Getting enough sleep is important for our mental and physical well-being (健康). For teenagers, sleep is even more important. However, national surveys in Sweden show that more than seven in 10 high schoolers are not getting enough sleep and that the more popular a teen is, the less time they spend sleeping. Most surprisingly, the most popular teens are likely to sleep up to 27 minutes less each night than their peers (同伴). “Twenty-seven minutes might not seem like a lot, but among teenagers a half-hour more sleep can make a big difference,” said Serena Bauducco, a sleep researcher at Orebro University in Sweden. “Thirty more minutes’ sleep can lead to improved mental health and better school performance (表现).” Researchers studied more than 1,300 Swedish teenagers aged 14 to 18. Among them, the “most popular” students slept less than their classmates. When comparing girls’ sleeping habits to boys’, the researchers found popular girls had a harder time falling or staying asleep than popular boys. “This might result from the different ways boys and girls act in friendships,” Bauducco said. “Girls express more care and concern (关心) for their friends than boys. They probably carry these concerns before bed, which could lead to sleeping difficulties.” Researchers think that a growing social circle could mean more time and emotion for friends, and less time left for sleep. To make matters worse, many teenagers try to catch up on sleep during the weekends. But that can backfire (适得其反). “If a teenager sleeps in on Sunday until 1 pm, it will be difficult to fall asleep that night, because they won’t feel tired,” Bauducco pointed out. “Failing to get up on time too often can make the sleep problem even worse during the week.” The findings underline the connections between our sleep problem and social world. Actually, being popular itself is not a bad thing, because socializing is an important part of becoming an adult. But popularity should never come at the cost of our sleep. We should work out a healthy balance, so that we can have enough downtime to relax and get refreshed. So, to all the popular teenagers out there, your social life may be successful, but make sure your sleep isn’t suffering as a result. 34．What can we learn from the passage? A．Girls have a bigger circle of friends than boys. B．Most high school students in Sweden get enough sleep. C．A half-hour more sleep helps students perform better at school. 35．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage teens to get 30 more minutes’ sleep every day. B．To ask teens to sleep a lot on weekends to make up for the lost sleep. C．To advise teens to find a balance between social life and sleeping habits. 36．Which of the following might be the best title? A．Teen Girls Have Sleeping Problems B．Being Popular Influences Teens’ Sleep C．Enough Sleep Makes Teens More Popular C ①Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. ②Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. ③Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University found that 66 percent of shy children had older brothers or sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied (欺负) by their older brothers or sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brother and sister may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. ④You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israel have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. ⑤For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don’t forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one. 37．What does the underlined word “genetic” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends. C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers. 38．We can learn from the passage that ________ may cause shyness. A．genetics, grown-ups and birthplace B．genetics, family size and birthplace C．family size, grown-ups and failure D．genetics, family size and freedom 39．Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by ________. A．blaming their failure on outside reasons B．trying new things and practicing conversation C．getting themselves away from their shy parents D．trying to understand reasons for their shyness 40．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③/④⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 5、 完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） Mom visited us from our hometown for ten days. Before leaving, she wanted to buy us a(n) 41 but noticed our apartment was full of things that “aren’t 42 yours.” “You’ve got 43 ,” she said, “but you seem to have got nothing.” Pointing at our TV, she said: “You own this, but the people inside are 44 and you may never see them.” She touched the radio: “This plays others’ songs. Although they make your life 45 , none of them truly 46 you.” On her last morning, she brought home a clay jar from the market quietly. “Make pickles of your own taste,” she smiled. “Then you’ll have something that belongs to you.” Since then, pickles of our own taste have been added to our 47 . When guests came, we served pickles. “A country flavor (味道), not bad!” When friends visited, they all 48 it, saying, “This tastes like countryside cooking!” The simple jar stayed in our kitchen corner, quietly making its special flavor. In our 49 days hurrying to live, that little jar always 50 us of Mom’s love and our roots. 41．A．souvenir B．present C．donation D．pickle 42．A．truly B．especially C．possibly D．correctly 43．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 44．A．neighbors B．families C．friends D．strangers 45．A．comfortable B．uneasy C．awful D．meaningful 46．A．looks after B．struggles with C．belongs to D．thinks of 47．A．meals B．house C．mind D．food 48．A．hated B．liked C．bought D．cooked 49．A．funny B．awful C．busy D．boring 50．A．asked B．said C．told D．reminded 6、 任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 When I think about the past twenty years, my heart is full of warm feelings. I’m thankful (感激的) for the people who helped me and stayed by my side. Three things are always important for me in life: my health, my job, and my family. Health comes first! As the saying (谚语) goes, “A strong body makes a strong mind.” Without good health, I can’t do the things I love. I can’t enjoy happy moments or take care of my family. Everything would be a mess (混乱) if I got sick. But health isn’t enough. In today’s world, we need money too. Money buys the things like food, a home, and clothes. It also helps us get a good education and doctor’s care. How can we make enough money? We have to work hard for our dreams! Home is the best place. My family gives me love and helps me solve problems. When I’m sad, they encourage (鼓励) me. When I need advice, they listen and share ideas. We laugh together and help each other. I like every moment with them. 51．What are always important for the writer in life? 52．Without good health, what will happen (发生)? 53．What else (其他的) does money give us besides (除……之外) food, home and clothes? 54．What does the writer think is the best place? 55．What is the most important thing for you? Why? 七、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is happiness? In some 56 (people) minds, happiness 57 (spring) from things like money. Some others think love is the key to happiness. Different people have different 58 (opinion). Reading books makes me happy. Last week, I 59 (read) Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. I was 60 (surprise) by the magical plots (情节). I 61 (forget) about my dinner. Besides, doing sports gives me a sense of happiness. I enjoy every moment of running. 62 Zhang Shun and the Steel Roses of China set good examples (树立榜样) for me. By learning from them, I can rise 63 every challenge in life. Of course, food also affects (影响) my happiness. 64 (actual), it is 65 most important one for me. Either porridge with eggs or desserts from friends mean love. 八、书面表达（共15分） 快乐在我们的生活中很重要，它可以让我们更健康、更幸福，请以“The Secret of My Happiness”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你幸福的秘诀。 内容包括： 1. 总是保持乐观 (stay positive) ，即使遇到坏的事情； 2. 热爱读书，读书可以获取知识还可以变得更优秀； 3. 帮助他人，快乐自己； 4. 广交朋友，友谊就像阳光。 要求： 1. 语言表达准确，语意通顺、连贯； 2. 词数：70词左右。 The Secret of My Happiness ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、 1．visited 【解析】句意：我昨天和家人一起参观了动物园。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填visited。 2．felt 【解析】句意：当那个农民丢了他的马时，他感到难过。由“when he lost his horse”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“feel”译为“感到”，过去式是“felt”，故填felt。 3．completely 【解析】句意：他在晚饭前完全做完了作业。此空修饰动词“finished”，应用“complete”的副词completely“完全地”。故填completely。 4．preferred 【解析】句意：当我小的时候，天冷的时候我更喜欢待在家里。根据“When I was young,”可知，句子要用一般过去时，动词prefer的过去式是preferred。故填preferred。 5．once 【解析】句意：我们一学期有一次学校旅行。结合语境和提示单词可知，“once”意为“一次”，“once a term”在句子中是频率状语，说明学校旅行发生的频率。故填once。 6．taught 【解析】句意：艾美昨天教我做糖葫芦。根据“yesterday”可知句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词用teach的过去式taught。故填taught。 7．fell 【解析】句意：刚才这个小女孩从自行车上摔了下来，弄伤了她的腿。根据“just now”可知，是一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell，故填fell。 8．surprised 【解析】句意：当马克和朋友回家时，他惊讶地发现发生了一些不寻常的事情。根据“to find something unusual happened”可知，马克感到惊讶，surprise的形容词形式surprised可以表示“感到惊讶的”，符合句意。故填surprised。 9．freezing 【解析】句意：今天的温度是-2℃。天气很冷。根据“Today’s temperature is -2℃.”以及所给单词可知，应填freeze的形容词形式freezing“极冷的”，作表语表示天气很冷。故填freezing。 10．learnt/learned 【解析】句意：他去年通过观看在线课程学习了如何弹吉他。根据“last year”可知，这是一般过去时的标志词，谓语动词要用过去式，learn的过去式为learnt或learned。故填learnt/learned。 二、 11．A 【解析】句意：我仔细地听了音乐，但我不能听到任何声音。 考查词汇辨析。listen to听，表示“听”的动作，强调有意识地、主动地听；hear听到，强调“听到”的结果；heard听到，hear的过去式；listened听，listen的过去式，为不及物动词，需接介词to才能带宾语。根据句意，第一空有“carefully”（仔细地）修饰，表示主动地听，应使用listen to，结合“couldn’t”以及句意可知，时态为一般过去时，故用listened to；第二空表示“不能听到任何声音”，强调结果，位于“couldn’t”之后，应使用动词原形hear。故选A。 12．C 【解析】句意：——好久不见，Linda。最近怎么样？ ——还不错，谢谢。 现在我在兰州学习。 考查情景交际。I’m fine, too.我也很好；That’s OK.没关系；Not bad, thanks.还不错，谢谢；No problem.没问题。根据上文问句“How’s it going?”可知，这里是询问Linda近况如何，那么这里应用“Not bad, thanks”直接说明自己的近况，并感谢对方的关心，与下文补充自己在兰州的细节，衔接非常流畅自然。故选C。 13．C 【解析】句意：不要在公共汽车上大声说话。你应该小点声。 考查名词辨析。sound声音，泛指任何声音；noise噪音，指令人不悦的嘈杂声；voice嗓音，指人的说话或唱歌声；service服务。根据“Don’t speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your...down.”可知，此处是指人的说话声。故选C。 14．C 【解析】句意：——爱丽丝，你上周末去南京的旅行怎么样？——太棒了！这是一次非常美妙的经历，我永远都不会忘记。 考查名词辨析。position位置；growth成长；experience经历；example例子。根据“It is a fantastic ... that I will never forget.”可知，去南京旅行是一次非常美妙的经历，故选C。 15．B 【解析】句意：米娅的家人现在不住在这里了。他们五年前搬到了深圳。 考查一般过去时。根据“five years ago”可知，时态是一般过去时。故选B。 16．B 【解析】句意：——恐怕我不能和你一起去参加聚会了，我阿姨生病住院了。——听到这个消息我很难过。 考查情境交际用语。You can’t do that你不能那样做，语气生硬，带有责备或阻止的意味；Sorry to hear that听到这个消息我很难过，表达同情；It’s OK没关系；It doesn’t matter没关系。根据“My aunt is ill in hospital.”可知此处表示同情。故选B。 17．B 【解析】句意：如果你将英式足球与美式足球进行比较，你会发现两者有很多不同之处。 考查动词短语辨析。 make up编造；compare...with...把……与……比较；talk to跟……交谈；blow off吹掉。根据“If you...British football...American football, you’ll find many differences.”可知，将英式足球与美式足球进行比较，故选B。 18．B 【解析】句意：下课后我直接去了图书馆。我在路上只花了两分钟。 考查一般过去时。spend花费，动词原形；spent花费，过去式；is spending现在进行时；spends花费，第三人称单数。根据前一句“I went to the library straight after class.”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以此处应该填入spend的过去式spent，作谓语。故选B。 19．C 【解析】句意：我选择了一种积极的方式享受生活，试着自己解决困难。 考查形容词辨析。broken破碎的；dark黑暗的；positive积极的；safe安全的。根据“way to enjoy life and tried to solve difficulties on my own”可知独立解决难题，这是一种积极的生活方式。故选C。 20．C 【解析】句意：——我数学考试考得不好，因为我粗心了。——真遗憾！下次要更仔细点。 考查情景交际。I agree我同意；Thanks a lot多谢；What a shame真遗憾；Have a good time玩得开心。根据“I did badly in the math exam”可知，对方考试失利了，此处应安慰对方，表示遗憾。故选C。 三、 21． without having 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“没有吃”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，“没有”用介词without，后接动名词形式，“吃晚饭”用短语have dinner，have的动名词形式为having。故填without；having。 22． It’s important to look on 【解析】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“……很重要”以及“乐观面对”，“……很重要”用it is +形容词+for sb to do sth的结构，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，important“重要的”，位于句首首字母要大写；“乐观面对”用动词短语look on，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填It’s；important；to；look；on。 23． is full of 【解析】根据句意可知，此处表示“充满”，用固定短语“be full of”，句子主语“The story”为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is；full；of。 24． fell asleep 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“睡着了”的英文表达，“睡着了”常用固定短语fall asleep；结合前文谓语动词“lay”可知，句子整体时态为一般过去时，因此fall需用其过去式fell。故填fell；asleep。 25． go over 【解析】go over“复习”，should后跟动词原形。故填go；over。 26． sat quietly 【解析】sit“坐”，连词and连接并列谓语，根据“thought”可知，此处用一般过去时，quietly“安静地”，是副词，修饰动词，用副词，故填sat；quietly。 27． called back 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“回电话”，“回电话”的英文表达为call back，动词短语；又根据空格后“our tickets were okay.”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以此处动词要用过去式called。故填called；back。 28． tried on 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“试穿”，“试穿”的英文表达为try on，动词短语；又根据句中“yesterday”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，所以此处动词要用其过去式tried。故填tried；on。 29． set off 【解析】set off“开始”，根据“at 22”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。set的过去式为set。故填set；off。 30． died out 【解析】“die out”是固定短语，意为“灭绝；消失”，句子描述的是数百万年前发生的事，要用一般过去时，“die”的过去式是“died”，所以此处应填“died out”。故填died；out。 四、 A 31．C 32．B 33．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。关于如何过上健康的生活，作者给出了四条建议。 31．细节理解题。根据“Although writing something using a computer is faster, it is much better to remember the whole thing by writing it down by hand.”可知，如果我们想记住一篇很长的文章，手写下来是最好的方法。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“By sparing the time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have a chance to think and get to know yourself better. And you won’t behave impulsively (冲动地).”可知，抽出时间独处能更好地了解自己。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“The study shows that the hot water does make people feel cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will feel the change in temperature(温度) and increase the perspiration (出汗), which helps you cool down!”可知，喝热水能帮我们身体凉爽。故选A。 B 34．C 35．C 36．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典的研究表明多数高中生睡眠不足，且越受欢迎的青少年睡眠时间越少，还分析了原因并建议青少年在社交生活和睡眠之间找到健康平衡。 34．推理判断题。根据“Thirty more minutes’ sleep can lead to improved mental health and better school performance (表现).”可知，多睡半小时有助于学生在学校表现得更好。故选C。 35．观点态度题。根据“But popularity should never come at the cost of our sleep. We should work out a healthy balance...”可知，作者的主要目的是建议青少年在社交生活和睡眠习惯之间找到平衡。故选C。 36．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，主要讲述了瑞典的研究表明青少年越受欢迎，睡眠时间越少，即受欢迎会影响青少年的睡眠。故选B。 C 37．A 38．B 39．B 40．A 【解析】本文探讨了害羞这一普遍现象，分析了导致害羞的可能原因，并指出害羞可以通过尝试新事物和练习交流来克服。 37．词句猜测题。根据“Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.”可知，害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母，因此科学家认为害羞具有遗传性，即“从父母那里遗传的”。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据②段“some shyness is genetic”和③段“Family size might cause people to be shy”以及④段“you may also be shy because of where you were born”可知，导致害羞的原因包括遗传、家庭规模和出生地。故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据“They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations.”可知，科学家建议害羞的人通过尝试新事物和练习交流来克服害羞。故选B。 40．篇章结构题。①段：引出话题（害羞很普遍，科学家探究原因）；②③④段：分别阐述导致害羞的原因；⑤段：说明害羞的影响及克服方法。因此结构划分为①/②③④/⑤。故选A。 五、 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D 【解析】本文讲述母亲来访时发现子女家中缺乏真正属于自己的东西，于是送了一个腌菜罐，让子女制作属于自己的味道，传递亲情与归属感。 41．句意：在离开之前，她想给我们买一个礼物，但发现我们的公寓里到处都是“不真正属于你们的”东西。 souvenir纪念品；present礼物；donation捐赠；pickle腌菜。根据“buy us”和语境，母亲想表达心意，应是买礼物。故选B。 42．句意：在离开之前，她想给我们买一个礼物，但发现我们的公寓里到处都是“不真正属于你们的”东西。 truly真正地；especially尤其；possibly可能；correctly正确地。根据“none of them truly…you”可知，此处强调归属感。故选A。 43．句意：“你们什么都有，”她说，“但你们似乎什么都没有。” something某物；anything任何事物；everything一切；nothing没有什么。空处与“nothing”形成对比，everything符合。故选C。 44．句意：你们拥有这个，但里面的人是陌生人，你们可能永远不会见到他们。 neighbors邻居；families家人；friends朋友；strangers陌生人。根据“you may never see them”可知，此处指陌生人。故选D。 45．句意：虽然它们让你们的生活舒适，但它们都不真正属于你们。 comfortable舒适的；uneasy不安的；awful糟糕的；meaningful有意义的。根据“the radio…This plays others’ songs”可知，收音机播放歌曲，应是会让生活舒适。故选A。 46．句意：虽然它们让你们的生活舒适，但它们都不真正属于你们。 looks after照顾；struggles with挣扎；belongs to属于；thinks of想到。根据下文“Then you’ll have something that belongs to you.”可知，此处强调归属感。故选C。 47．句意：从那时起，我们的饭菜中就加入了我们自己口味的腌菜。 meals饭菜；house房子；mind头脑；food食物。根据“served pickles”可知，此处指我们的饭菜中就加入了我们自己口味的腌菜。故选A。 48．句意：当朋友们来拜访时，他们都很喜欢，说：“这味道像乡村菜！” hated讨厌；liked喜欢；bought购买；cooked烹饪。根据“A country flavor (味道), not bad!”可知，此处表示喜爱。故选B。 49．句意：在我们忙碌奔波的日子里，那个小罐子总是让我们想起妈妈的爱和我们的根。 funny有趣的；awful糟糕的；busy忙碌的；boring无聊的。根据“hurrying to live”可知，此处指忙碌的生活。故选C。 50．句意：在我们忙碌奔波的日子里，那个小罐子总是让我们想起妈妈的爱和我们的根。 asked询问；said说；told告诉；reminded提醒。remind sb. of sth.“使某人想起某事”，是固定搭配。故选D。 六、 51．Health, job and family. 52．I can’t do the things I love. 53．A good education and doctor’s care. 54．Home. 55．Health. Because a strong body makes a strong mind. 【解析】本文是作者通过回顾过去二十年的生活，阐述了健康、工作和家庭对人生的重要性。 51．根据“Three things are always important for me in life: my health, my job, and my family.”可知，生活中对作者最重要的三件事是：健康、工作和家庭。故填Health, job and family. 52．根据“Without good health, I can’t do the things I love.”可知，如果没有好的健康，我不能做我喜欢的事情。故填I can’t do the things I love. 53．根据“It also helps us get a good education and doctor’s care.”可知，钱还能帮助我们获得良好的教育和医疗服务。故填A good education and doctor’s care. 54．根据“Home is the best place.”可知，家是最好的地方。故填Home. 55．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Health. Because a strong body makes a strong mind. 七、 56．people’s 57．springs 58．opinions 59．read 60．surprised 61．forgot 62．Both 63．to 64．Actually 65．the 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者对幸福的感悟。 56．句意：在一些人的心目中，幸福源于金钱之类的东西。此处应用名词所有格修饰名词minds，应用people’s。故填people’s。 57．句意：在一些人的心目中，幸福源于金钱之类的东西。句子时态为一般现在时，主语为happiness，谓语动词用三单形式。故填springs。 58．句意：不同的人有不同的看法。空前为different，空处应用复数名词opinions。故填opinions。 59．句意：上周，我读了《查理和巧克力工厂》。根据“Last week”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填read。 60．句意：我对这些神奇的情节感到惊讶。空前为was，空处应用形容词surprised“惊讶的”作表语，修饰人。故填surprised。 61．句意：我忘了我的晚餐。根据“I was”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填forgot。 62．句意：张顺和中国的铿锵玫瑰都为我树立了很好的榜样。both…and…“……和……都”，固定搭配，且句首首字母要大写。故填Both。 63．句意：通过向他们学习，我可以应对生活中的每一个挑战。rise to“应对”，动词短语。故填to。 64．句意：事实上，这对我来说是最重要的。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，应用actually“事实上”，且句首首字母要大写。故填Actually。 65．句意：事实上，这对我来说是最重要的。most important是形容词最高级，其前应用定冠词the，故填the。 八、 The Secret of My Happiness Happiness is very important in our life. It can make us healthier and happier. Let me tell you the secrets of my happiness. First, I always stay positive even when I meet bad things. Second, I love reading books. I can get lots of knowledge from books and become better and better. Third, I enjoy helping others. When I see their smiles, I feel warm. Finally, I like making more friends because friendship is like sunshine. [总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生写作时应注意按材料要求写，需围绕保持乐观、热爱读书、帮助他人、广交朋友这几个要点展开叙述，清晰阐述每个要点与幸福的关联，根据实际情况可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点明幸福在生活中的重要性，引出要介绍自己幸福秘诀的意图； 第二步，分别从保持乐观、热爱读书、帮助他人、广交朋友这几方面，阐述每个行为是如何成为幸福秘诀的； 第三步，书写结语，总结强调这些就是自己幸福的秘诀。 [亮点词汇] ① stay positive 保持乐观 ② get lots of knowledge 获取大量知识 ③ enjoy helping others 喜欢帮助他人 ④ make more friends 交更多朋友 ⑤ the secrets of ……的秘诀 [高分句型] ① I always stay positive even when I meet bad things. (含有时间状语从句的复合句) ② When I see their smiles, I feel warm. (含有时间状语从句的复合句) ③ I like making more friends because friendship is like sunshine. (含有原因状语从句的复合句) 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $