专题05 动词及基本句型（寒假复习讲义）八年级英语新教材译林版

专题05 动词及基本句型 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识精讲 动词及英语5大基本句型知识点讲解 一、 动词的分类 英语动词根据功能和意义，可分为4大类，不同类别动词在句中的作用差异明显。 1. 实义动词 定义：表示具体动作或状态，能独立作谓语，是句子的核心动作载体。 分类 及物动词：后面必须接宾语，否则句意不完整。例：`like`（喜欢）→ She likes cats. 不及物动词：后面不能直接接宾语，若需接宾语需加介词。例：`run`（跑）→ He runs fast. / He runs in the park. 2. 系动词 定义：本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，需接表语说明主语的状态、性质或特征。 常见类型 状态系动词：be（am/is/are/was/were）→ She is a student. 感官系动词：look（看起来）、feel（摸起来）、sound（听起来）→ The cake tastes delicious. 变化系动词：become（变成）、get（变得）、turn（变得）→ The weather gets cold. 3. 助动词 定义：无实际意义，不能独立作谓语，仅用来辅助实义动词构成时态、语态或否定、疑问句。 常见词：do/does/did；have/has/had；will/shall；be（am/is/are/was/were） 用法示例 构成疑问句：Do you like English? 构成完成时：She has finished her homework. 4. 情态动词 定义：有一定的语气意义（表能力、许可、推测等），不能独立作谓语，后接动词原形。 常见词：can（能）、may（可以）、must（必须）、should（应该）、will（会） 用法示例：You should study hard. / He can play the piano. 二、 英语5大基本句型 英语所有句子都由 5 大核心句型扩展而来，核心是主语（S）、谓语动词（V）、宾语（O）、表语（P）、宾语补足语（C） 的不同组合，且由谓语动词的类型决定句型结构。 1. 主谓句型（S + V） 谓语动词是不及物动词，能独立表达完整意思，后面不需要接宾语。 例句：He runs. / The rain stopped. 2. 主谓宾句型（S + V + O） 谓语动词是及物动词，必须接宾语才能使句意完整，宾语是动作的承受者。 例句：She reads books. / They finished the task. 3. 主系表句型（S + V + P） 谓语动词是系动词，不能独立作谓语，后面接表语，用来描述主语的状态、性质或身份。 常见系动词：be 动词、感官动词（look, taste, sound）、变化动词（become, get）。 例句：The flower is red. / He looks tired. 4. 主谓双宾句型（S + V + IO + DO） 谓语动词是双宾动词，后面接两个宾语：间接宾语（IO，通常是人）和直接宾语（DO，通常是物）。 常见双宾动词：give, buy, show, send。 例句：I gave her a pen. / Mom buys me a gift. 转换技巧：可改写为 “动词 + 直接宾语 + to/for + 间接宾语”。 5. 主谓宾补句型（S + V + O + C） 谓语动词是宾补动词，宾语后面需要接补足语，补充说明宾语的状态或动作，宾语和补语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 常见宾补动词：make, keep, find, let。 例句：We keep the room clean. / The teacher made us study. 三、 核心易错点辨析 1. 双宾语 vs 宾补 双宾语：两个宾语是独立关系，都能和动词搭配。例：give him a pen = give a pen to him 宾补：宾语和补语是“逻辑主谓关系”。例：We keep the room clean → the room is clean 2. 及物动词 vs 不及物动词 及物动词后必须接宾语：`I love ______`（需加宾语，如 you） 不及物动词后不能直接接宾语：`The bird flies ______`（无需宾语，加宾语需加介词，如 in the sky） 好题精练 1．Do the birds stay comfortably in the reserve? The structure of this sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 2．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “She bought some books about DIY on her way home yesterday.”? A．The news made all of us sad. B．The children are reading under the shade of the tree. C．Mr. Li is teaching an English song at the moment. D．Tom was really tired out after a hard day’s work. 3．Which of the following sentences has the same structure (结构) as “The teacher gave the students some books.”? A．The students left yesterday afternoon. B．The classroom is bigger than before. C．The students can see the leaves falling. D．Mr. Li taught us a new English song. 4．What is the sentence structure of “Some boys are having a snowball fight on the playground.” A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 5．What is the sentence structure of “They call the ocean the ‘heart’ of the earth.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C 6．“The mother bird keeps the eggs safe.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O+C C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+P 7．Which sentence structure is “S+V+O+C”? A．Sandy gave her cat some food. B．I found the story very interesting. C．The bird is singing beautifully. D．The dish smells very good. 8．Which of the following sentences is different from the others in the sentence structure? A．We call this charity activity “Spring Hope”. B．Every student is going to give a helping hand. C．All the volunteers make the activity a great success. D．We consider this activity challenging but meaningful. 9．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 10．The sentence structure of “The teacher makes the classroom clean.” is “________”. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 真题感知 1．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday. A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．主语 2．（2020·甘肃·中考真题）The sentence pattern of " I enjoy living in Gansu." is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V +IO+ DO D．S+V +DO+ OC 3．（2019·甘肃·中考真题）What is the sentence pattern of "I love English. "? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 4．（2018·甘肃武威·中考真题）Which part is the VERB of the following sentence “Tom rides his bike to school every day.”? A．“Tom” B．“rides” C．“his bike” D．“every day” 5．（2017·甘肃兰州·中考真题）Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book” in pattern(结构)? A．You have a very nice sister. B．He likes playing the piano. C．They are good at math. D．We call her Ms Liu. 6．（2010·江苏苏州·中考真题）The shop _____ at 8:00 a.m. and it ________ for ten hours every day. A．opens; is open B．is opened; opens C．is open; has opened D．opened; opens 综合提升练 一、单项选择。 1．They found John an excellent student. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V+IO+DO B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 2．Which of the following sentences has the structure “S+V+O”? A．Amy always helps her friends. B．She seems a little angry. C．The baby is crying loudly. D．The story is quite exciting. 3．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The rain stopped suddenly.”? A．The children played games. B．Her voice sounds sweet. C．Birds fly high in the sky. D．We finished our homework. 4．The sentence structure of “My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+O+O 5．Which sentence has the same structure as “Hobo brought Eddie his clothes?” A．The clouds became dark. B．Eddie is watching Hobo work. C．My father bought me a nice bag. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. 6．The structure of the sentence “The car looks as good as new after it has been washed.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C 7．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A．We have four seasons. B．Ice cream tastes nice. C．Spring is warm and sunny. D．Autumn leaves turn brown. 8．Which of the following sentences’ structures is different from the others? A．I often hear some birds sing in the park. B．My father bought me a toy train yesterday. C．The robot brought some trouble to Mr. Jiang. D．Amy showed me some pictures of her family. 9．“We find the feature story very interesting.” The sentence structure is________. A．SV B．SVP C．SVOO D．SVOC 10．Which of the following sentence structures is SVOO? A．I call them vegetable animals. B．Sunlight makes us warm. C．Sunlight brings us renewable energy. D．They made me a prize winner. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 动词及基本句型 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识精讲 动词及英语5大基本句型知识点讲解 一、 动词的分类 英语动词根据功能和意义，可分为4大类，不同类别动词在句中的作用差异明显。 1. 实义动词 定义：表示具体动作或状态，能独立作谓语，是句子的核心动作载体。 分类 及物动词：后面必须接宾语，否则句意不完整。例：`like`（喜欢）→ She likes cats. 不及物动词：后面不能直接接宾语，若需接宾语需加介词。例：`run`（跑）→ He runs fast. / He runs in the park. 2. 系动词 定义：本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，需接表语说明主语的状态、性质或特征。 常见类型 状态系动词：be（am/is/are/was/were）→ She is a student. 感官系动词：look（看起来）、feel（摸起来）、sound（听起来）→ The cake tastes delicious. 变化系动词：become（变成）、get（变得）、turn（变得）→ The weather gets cold. 3. 助动词 定义：无实际意义，不能独立作谓语，仅用来辅助实义动词构成时态、语态或否定、疑问句。 常见词：do/does/did；have/has/had；will/shall；be（am/is/are/was/were） 用法示例 构成疑问句：Do you like English? 构成完成时：She has finished her homework. 4. 情态动词 定义：有一定的语气意义（表能力、许可、推测等），不能独立作谓语，后接动词原形。 常见词：can（能）、may（可以）、must（必须）、should（应该）、will（会） 用法示例：You should study hard. / He can play the piano. 二、 英语5大基本句型 英语所有句子都由 5 大核心句型扩展而来，核心是主语（S）、谓语动词（V）、宾语（O）、表语（P）、宾语补足语（C） 的不同组合，且由谓语动词的类型决定句型结构。 1. 主谓句型（S + V） 谓语动词是不及物动词，能独立表达完整意思，后面不需要接宾语。 例句：He runs. / The rain stopped. 2. 主谓宾句型（S + V + O） 谓语动词是及物动词，必须接宾语才能使句意完整，宾语是动作的承受者。 例句：She reads books. / They finished the task. 3. 主系表句型（S + V + P） 谓语动词是系动词，不能独立作谓语，后面接表语，用来描述主语的状态、性质或身份。 常见系动词：be 动词、感官动词（look, taste, sound）、变化动词（become, get）。 例句：The flower is red. / He looks tired. 4. 主谓双宾句型（S + V + IO + DO） 谓语动词是双宾动词，后面接两个宾语：间接宾语（IO，通常是人）和直接宾语（DO，通常是物）。 常见双宾动词：give, buy, show, send。 例句：I gave her a pen. / Mom buys me a gift. 转换技巧：可改写为 “动词 + 直接宾语 + to/for + 间接宾语”。 5. 主谓宾补句型（S + V + O + C） 谓语动词是宾补动词，宾语后面需要接补足语，补充说明宾语的状态或动作，宾语和补语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 常见宾补动词：make, keep, find, let。 例句：We keep the room clean. / The teacher made us study. 三、 核心易错点辨析 1. 双宾语 vs 宾补 双宾语：两个宾语是独立关系，都能和动词搭配。例：give him a pen = give a pen to him 宾补：宾语和补语是“逻辑主谓关系”。例：We keep the room clean → the room is clean 2. 及物动词 vs 不及物动词 及物动词后必须接宾语：`I love ______`（需加宾语，如 you） 不及物动词后不能直接接宾语：`The bird flies ______`（无需宾语，加宾语需加介词，如 in the sky） 好题精练 1．Do the birds stay comfortably in the reserve? The structure of this sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】B 【详解】句意：鸟儿们在保护区里舒适地停留吗？这个句子的结构是主谓结构。 考查句子结构。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V主语+谓语；S+V+P主语+谓语+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。分析句子结构可知，the birds“这些鸟儿”作主语；stay“停留”，不及物动词作谓语；comfortably“舒适地”，作状语修饰谓语动词；in the reserve“在保护区”是地点状语修饰谓语动词，该句符合S+V“主语+谓语”的结构，无其他必要成分。故选B。 2．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “She bought some books about DIY on her way home yesterday.”? A．The news made all of us sad. B．The children are reading under the shade of the tree. C．Mr. Li is teaching an English song at the moment. D．Tom was really tired out after a hard day’s work. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她昨天在回家的路上买了一些关于DIY的书。 考查句子结构。The news made all of us sad.为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构；The children are reading under the shade of the tree.为“主语+谓语+状语”结构；Mr. Li is teaching an English song at the moment.为“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”结构；Tom was really tired out after a hard day’s work.为“主语+系动词+表语+状语”结构。原句“She bought some books about DIY on her way home yesterday.”为“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”结构，与选项C结构相同。故选C。 3．Which of the following sentences has the same structure (结构) as “The teacher gave the students some books.”? A．The students left yesterday afternoon. B．The classroom is bigger than before. C．The students can see the leaves falling. D．Mr. Li taught us a new English song. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子与“老师给学生们一些书”具有相同的结构？ 考查句子结构。The students left yesterday afternoon主谓结构；The classroom is bigger than before主系表结构；The students can see the leaves falling主谓宾结构；Mr. Li taught us a new English song主谓双宾结构。原句“The teacher gave the students some books.”的结构为主谓双宾结构，与D选项的句子结构相同。故选D。 4．What is the sentence structure of “Some boys are having a snowball fight on the playground.” A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“一些男孩正在操场上打雪仗。”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构分析。句子主干为“Some boys are having a snowball fight”。“Some boys”是主语(S)，“are having”是谓语动词(V)，“a snowball fight”是宾语(O)。因此句子结构是S+V+O。故选B。 5．What is the sentence structure of “They call the ocean the ‘heart’ of the earth.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“他们称海洋为地球的‘心脏’”这个句子的结构是什么？ 考查句子结构辨析。S+V+O“主+谓+宾”；S+V+O+O“主+谓+双宾语”结构；S+V+P“主+系+表”结构；S+V+O+C“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。分析句子结构可知，They“他们”，代词主格作主语；call“称为”，实义动词作谓语；the ocean“海洋”，名词作宾语；the ‘heart’ of the earth“地球的‘心脏’”，宾语补足语，用于补充说明宾语，则该句符合S+V+O+C“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。故选D。 6．“The mother bird keeps the eggs safe.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O+C C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“母鸟保护鸟蛋的安全。”句子的主要结构是S+V+O+C。 考查句子基本结构。主语（S）是“The mother bird”，谓语动词（V）是“keeps”，宾语（O）是“the eggs”，“safe”作为形容词充当宾语补足语（C），描述宾语的状态，因此句子结构为S+V+O+C。故选B。 7．Which sentence structure is “S+V+O+C”? A．Sandy gave her cat some food. B．I found the story very interesting. C．The bird is singing beautifully. D．The dish smells very good. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哪个句子是“主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构？ 考查句子结构。S+V+O+C结构表示主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的状态或特征）。Sandy gave her cat some food. Sandy给了她的猫一些食物。Sandy (S) gave (V) her cat (间接宾语) some food (直接宾语)，结构为S+V+IO+DO，不符合S+V+O+C。I found the story very interesting. 我发现这个故事非常有趣。I (S) found (V) the story (O) very interesting (C)，其中“very interesting”作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语“the story”，符合S+V+O+C结构。The bird is singing beautifully. 这只鸟正在优美地唱歌。The bird (S) is singing (V) beautifully (状语)，结构为S+V+状语，无宾语和补语。The dish smells very good. 这道菜闻起来很香。The dish (S) smells (V) very good (P)，其中“very good”作表语，结构为S+V+P，不符合S+V+O+C。因此选项B符合“S+V+O+C”的结构，故选B。 8．Which of the following sentences is different from the others in the sentence structure? A．We call this charity activity “Spring Hope”. B．Every student is going to give a helping hand. C．All the volunteers make the activity a great success. D．We consider this activity challenging but meaningful. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列句子中哪一个在句子结构上与其他句子不同？ 考查句子结构分析。We call this charity activity “Spring Hope”.（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，即 S+V+O+OC）；Every student is going to give a helping hand.（主语+谓语+宾语，即 S+V+O）；All the volunteers make the activity a great success.（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，即 S+V+O+OC）；We consider this activity challenging but meaningful.（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，即 S+V+O+OC）。选项A、C、D均为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”结构，而选项B是“主语+谓语+宾语”结构，与其他三项不同。故选B。 9．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。在句子“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”中，“Eddie”是主语（S），“is watching”是谓语动词（V），“Hobo”是宾语（O），而“work”是宾语补足语（OC），用于补充说明宾语“Hobo”的动作。因此，该句结构符合“主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语”（S+V+O+OC）的模式。故选D。 10．The sentence structure of “The teacher makes the classroom clean.” is “________”. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“老师使教室干净”这个句子的结构是“主+谓+直接宾语+宾语补足语”。 考查句子结构。S+V+DO+OC主+谓+直接宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO主+谓+直接宾语；S+V+P主+系动词+表。根据“The teacher makes the classroom clean.”可知，主语S是“The teacher”，动词V是“makes”，直接宾语DO是“the classroom”，宾语补足语OC是“clean”，因此句子结构为S+V+DO+OC。故选A。 真题感知 1．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday. A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．主语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆的爸爸在他生日那天给他买了一个书包。 考查句子成分。buy sb sth“给某人买某物”，人作间接宾语，物作直接宾语。故选C。 2．（2020·甘肃·中考真题）The sentence pattern of " I enjoy living in Gansu." is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V +IO+ DO D．S+V +DO+ OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“I enjoy living in Gansu.我喜欢住在甘肃”的句型是主语+谓语+宾语。 考查基本句型。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+连系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。“I enjoy living in Gansu”这句话中，I作主语，enjoy作谓语，动名词living in Gansu作宾语，故本句为“S+V+O”句型。故选A。 3．（2019·甘肃·中考真题）What is the sentence pattern of "I love English. "? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意“I love English这句话句子结构是什么”。A.主语+谓语；B.主语+谓语+宾语；C.主语+系动词+表语；D.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。I love English中主语为I，love为谓语，English为宾语，是“主谓宾”结构，即S+V+O，故选B。 4．（2018·甘肃武威·中考真题）Which part is the VERB of the following sentence “Tom rides his bike to school every day.”? A．“Tom” B．“rides” C．“his bike” D．“every day” 【答案】B 【详解】句意：句子“汤姆每天骑自行车去上学”的动词是哪一部分？在原句"Tom rides his bike to school every day."中，Tom是主语，rides是谓语，his bike是宾语，to school是动词不定式表目的作状语，every day是时间状语。故答案选B。 5．（2017·甘肃兰州·中考真题）Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book” in pattern(结构)? A．You have a very nice sister. B．He likes playing the piano. C．They are good at math. D．We call her Ms Liu. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个和I saw him reading a book一样的结构？这个结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补，只有D是这个结构，故选D 6．（2010·江苏苏州·中考真题）The shop _____ at 8:00 a.m. and it ________ for ten hours every day. A．opens; is open B．is opened; opens C．is open; has opened D．opened; opens 【答案】A 【详解】句意：商店上午八点钟开门，每天营业10小时。 考查动词和形容词的用法。根据“at 8:00 a.m.”可知表示在八点开门，强调动作，“The shop”后接open的第三人称单数形式；再由“for ten hours every day”可知第二空强调营业的状态，用be open表示“开着，营业”，it后接be动词is。故选A。 综合提升练 一、单项选择。 1．They found John an excellent student. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V+IO+DO B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他们发现约翰是一名优秀的学生。 考查句子结构。句子中，“They”是主语 (S)，“found”是谓语动词 (V)，“John”是直接宾语 (DO)，“an excellent student”是宾语补足语 (OC)，用于补充说明宾语的状态，因此句子结构为S+V+DO+OC。故选D。 2．Which of the following sentences has the structure “S+V+O”? A．Amy always helps her friends. B．She seems a little angry. C．The baby is crying loudly. D．The story is quite exciting. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子具有“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构？ 考查句子结构。Amy always helps her friends符合“主语+谓语+宾语”结构；She seems a little angry为“主语+系动词+表语”结构；The baby is crying loudly为“主语+不及物动词+状语”结构；The story is quite exciting为“主语+系动词+表语”结构。故选A。 3．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The rain stopped suddenly.”? A．The children played games. B．Her voice sounds sweet. C．Birds fly high in the sky. D．We finished our homework. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪一个和“The rain stopped suddenly.”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。“The rain stopped suddenly.”是主谓结构，其中“The rain”是主语，“stopped”是不及物动词作谓语，“suddenly”是副词作状语。选项C，“Birds fly high in the sky.”是主谓结构，其中“Birds”是主语，“fly”是不及物动词作谓语，“high in the sky”是状语，与题干句子结构相同，符合题意。故选C。 4．The sentence structure of “My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+O+O 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的妈妈昨天给我煮了一顿美餐。 考查句子结构知识。句子中，“My mum”是主语（S），“cooked”是动词（V），“me”是间接宾语（O），表示动作的受益者，“a nice meal”是直接宾语（O），表示动作的对象。该结构属于双宾语（S+V+O+O）类型，故选D。 5．Which sentence has the same structure as “Hobo brought Eddie his clothes?” A．The clouds became dark. B．Eddie is watching Hobo work. C．My father bought me a nice bag. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哪个句子的结构与“Hobo brought Eddie his clothes”相同？ 考查基本句型。原句“Hobo brought Eddie his clothes”的结构为主语（Hobo）+谓语动词（brought）+间接宾语（Eddie）+直接宾语（his clothes），属于双宾语结构。选项A“The clouds became dark”为主系表结构（主语+系动词+表语）；选项B“Eddie is watching Hobo work”为主谓宾补结构（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）；选项C“My father bought me a nice bag”为主语（My father）+谓语动词（bought）+间接宾语（me）+直接宾语（a nice bag），与原句结构一致；选项D“I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park”为主谓宾补结构（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）。故选C。 6．The structure of the sentence “The car looks as good as new after it has been washed.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C 【答案】C 【详解】句意：句子“这辆车洗后看起来和新的一样好。”的结构是主语+谓语+表语。 考查句子结构。主句“The car looks as good as new”中，“The car”是主语 (S)，“looks”是系动词 (V)，表示状态，“as good as new”是表语 (P)，描述主语的特征。因此，该句结构为S+V+P。故选C。 7．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A．We have four seasons. B．Ice cream tastes nice. C．Spring is warm and sunny. D．Autumn leaves turn brown. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的句子结构与其他三个不同？ 考查句子结构。We have four seasons.为主谓宾结构；Ice cream tastes nice.为主系表结构；Spring is warm and sunny.为主系表结构；Autumn leaves turn brown.为主系表结构。A项结构与其他三项不同。故选A。 8．Which of the following sentences’ structures is different from the others? A．I often hear some birds sing in the park. B．My father bought me a toy train yesterday. C．The robot brought some trouble to Mr. Jiang. D．Amy showed me some pictures of her family. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子的结构与其他句子不同？ 考查句子结构辨析。 “I often hear some birds sing in the park.”是 “主语+ 谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构(hear sb. do sth.，sing是宾语补足语)。 “My father bought me a toy train yesterday.”是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构(buy sb. sth.)。“The robot brought some trouble to Mr. Jiang.”是“主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”结构(bring sth. to sb.)。“Amy showed me some pictures of her family.”是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构(show sb. sth.)。 B、C、D均为“双宾语”结构，只有A是“宾语+宾语补足语” 结构，故选A。 9．“We find the feature story very interesting.” The sentence structure is________. A．SV B．SVP C．SVOO D．SVOC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我们发现这篇专题报道非常有趣。”这句话结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。 考查句子结构。该句中，“We”是主语（S），“find”是动词（V），“the feature story”是宾语（O），“very interesting”是宾语补足语（C），因此句子结构为SVOC。故选D。 10．Which of the following sentence structures is SVOO? A．I call them vegetable animals. B．Sunlight makes us warm. C．Sunlight brings us renewable energy. D．They made me a prize winner. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子结构是双宾语结构？ 考查句子结构辨析。A项结构为主语-谓语-宾语-宾语补足语，意为“我称它们为蔬菜动物”；B项结构为主语-谓语-宾语-宾语补足语，意为“阳光使我们温暖”；C项结构为动词“brings”接间接宾语“us”和直接宾语“renewable energy”，意为“阳光带给我们可再生能源”；D项结构为主语-谓语-宾语-宾语补足语，意为“他们使我成为获奖者”。故选C。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $