重难点10 阅读理解之推理判断题攻略（重难专练）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

重难点10 阅读理解之推理判断题攻略 ( 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击： 本专项核 心考查方向与高考高频难点是 阅读理解 之 推理判断题 ，梳理近3年高考该题型的重难考点分布 ( 如202 5 年全国卷 I阅读理解 占比 40 % ) 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1. 逻辑关系推理法 2. 情感态度追踪法 3. 篇章结构预测法 4. 代词指代与词汇关联法 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数 ： 聚焦 6 种类型可稳拿分数题目，确保重难点基础分值 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分： 聚焦 6 种类型中高难度题目，争夺关键分数 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖： 挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。 ) 【考点统计】 2021-2025高考阅读理解考点统计 卷别 细节理解题 猜测词义题 推理判断题 主旨大意题 2025全国高考I卷 7 1 6 1 2025全国高考II卷 8 1 4 2 2025高考浙江1月卷 5 1 7 2 2024新课标I卷 9 1 4 1 2024新课标II卷 9 1 4 1 2023新课标I卷 6 1 7 1 2023新课标II卷 6 1 7 1 2022新课标I卷 8 2 4 1 2022新课标II卷 8 2 4 1 2024全国甲卷 7 1 6 1 2023全国甲卷 8 1 5 1 2023全国乙卷 5 1 8 1 2022全国甲卷 8 1 3 3 2022全国乙卷 10 1 3 1 2021新高考I卷 8 1 4 2 2021新高考II卷 11 1 2 1 【命题趋势】 推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。解答该类题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。高考对推理判断题的考查形式包括以下几种：隐含推断题、观点态度题、写作手法题、写作意图题、文章出处/类别题和作者身份/读者对象题。 考点一：考查隐含推断——据文推理法 【设题特点】 隐含推断题的答案无法通过关键词直接定位或简单同义替换找到，要求考生根据文中的信息进行合理的、适度的逻辑推导、综合判断或合理延伸，推断出作者没有直接说明的内容，可能会发生的事情，理解作者的言外之意等。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解关键词句的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。此类题目的题干主要包括六个动词：infer (推断)，indicate (象征、暗示)，imply (暗示)，suggest (暗示)，conclude (得出结论)和assume (假定、设想)。 【思维导图】 【典例1】(2025全国高考I卷) ...... But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. ...... 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 考点二：考查观点态度——忠于措辞法 【设题特点】 观点态度题考查考生对作者或文中人物主观立场、情感倾向和评价态度理解能力，作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，考生透过文字表面，捕捉隐含的情感色彩和价值判断。因此，在推断过程中应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。 【思维导图】 【典例2】(2025全国高考I卷) ...... I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep. C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛。)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 考点三：考查写作手法——行文逻辑法 【设题特点】 所谓写作手法题，就是针对某些段落、某些内容进行深入挖掘，判断其行文逻辑。最常考的写作手法是举例说明。考生应学会借助于语境关键词和特定术语作答。 通常不会直接使用“写作手法”这类术语，而是融入对文章结构、作者意图和文本特点的理解中。其设题特点主要体现在以下几个方面： 一、常见考查形式与设题角度：文章结构与组织方式；作者观点与意图；特定写作手法辨析；语言风格与基调。 二、 题目类型与选项特点：题型多为细节理解题、推理判断题或主旨大意题的变体，需结合全文逻辑作答。 选项特征： 正确选项往往概括性强，紧扣文章主线。干扰项常为：片面信息、过度引申、与作者态度相反、或脱离文本的主观臆断。选项语言抽象度高，需考生进行“文本特征→写作功能”的转换。 【思维导图】 【典例3】(2025全国高考I卷) ...... If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 10. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A. The necessity of social skills. B. The meaning of sustainability. C. The importance of repeated efforts. D. The value of professional opinions. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. (Detrinidad说：“医生需要不断实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯萎了，就再养一株新的。”)”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断，她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性”。故选C。 考点四：考查写作意图——文体特点法 【设题特点】 高考英语阅读理解中，利用文体特点法来推断写作意图是一种高层次的解题策略。各种文体的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的题。通常情况下，这类题目不仅考查对文本内容的理解，更考查对文章体裁的辨识以及不同文体固有写作目的的把握。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。其设题核心是：通过识别文章属于什么文体(体裁)，来推断作者最可能的写作意图或读者对象。 【思维导图】 【典例4】(2024新课标Ⅱ卷, D) Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).  (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 考点五：考查文章出处、类别——体裁内容法 【设题特点】 文章出处题是典型的“文体特点法”和“读者意识”的综合应用，要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材、功能及潜在读者来推断文章的出处或类别。写作对象推断题，要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的写作对象。其设题特点可以概括为：通过分析文本的形式特征、语言风格、内容深度和功能目的，推断其最可能出现的真实世界语境。 【思维导图】 【典例5】(2023新课标Ⅱ卷, C) Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world... In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. ... Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject....From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader... 28. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing. C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings. 【答案】A 【解析】文章出处题。根据第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”以及第二段第一句中的“In this ‘book of book,’”可知，本文介绍了收录近三百件来自博物馆和世界各地收藏品的一本书。故选A。 考点六：考查下段预测——文末推断法 【设题特点】 高考英语阅读理解中的“下段预测题”，或称“文末推断题”，是考查学生把握文章逻辑结构、理解篇章发展脉络能力的典型题型。其设题核心在于：基于已知文本的逻辑走向、内容线索和文体特征，对文章后续可能的发展方向进行合理、有限度的预测。要求考生不仅理解已读内容，还要对文章的“未完成部分”进行符合逻辑的构思。 核心设问方式： 1.直接预测下段内容： What is the author likely to discuss in the next paragraph? What will the paragraph following the passage most probably discuss? 2.预测文章后续走向： What might be talked about in the following part? The author will probably talk about ______ next. 【典例6】 (2023全国乙卷, C) ...... According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 31. What might the author continue talking about? A. The art of cooking in other countries. B. Male chefs on TV programmes. C. Table manners in the UK. D. Studies of big eaters 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.”(随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。)可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B项。 (建议用时：40分钟) 【类型一：高考真题推理判断题片段训练】 【片段01】(2024全国甲卷第31题) 【原文】Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ” 31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious. 【片段02】(2023年新高考I卷第35题) 【原文】In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. 【片段03】(2023新高考I卷第28题) 【原文】The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 28. What is the book aimed at? A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 【片段04】(2022新高考I卷第21题) 【原文】 Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) … Late Work … 21. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article. 【片段05】(2024新课标I卷第27题) 【原文】Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【片段06】(2024新课标I卷第31题) Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【类型二：高考真题推理判断题语篇训练】 (2025全国高考I卷 D) 【原文】Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 32. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept. C. By giving examples. D. By providing statistics. 33. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time. C. The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water. 34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A. The importance of plastic recycling. B. The severity of the microplastic problem. C. The danger in overusing pure water. D. The difficulty in treating polluted water. 35. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about? A. Choice of new research methods. B. Possible direction for further study. C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the findings. (2025全国高考II卷 D) Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every S1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 32. What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A. He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine. C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home. 33. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A. To customize dishes for guests. B. To make the public aware of food waste. C. To test a food processing method. D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Why the ingredients were used. B. Which dishes were best liked. C. What the dishes were made of. D. Where the ingredients were bought. 35. What can we learn about wastED? A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs. C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs. 【类型三：推理判断题名校好题调研】 【调研1】(2026·福建·一模) In a November 1984 story for Technology Review, Carolyn Sumners, head of astronomy at the Houston Museum of Natural Science, described how toys, games, and even amusement park rides could change how young minds view science and math. Sumners noted, a yo-yo can be used to observe the forces on a roller coaster. Even a simple ball offers insights into the laws of gravity. While Sumners concentrated on physics, she was onto something bigger. Over the last several decades, evidence has emerged that childhood play can shape our future selves: the skills we develop, the professions we choose, our sense of self-worth, and even our relationships. According to Jacqueline Harding, a child development expert and author of The Brain That Loves to Play, “If you invest time in play, which helps with organizational skills, decision-making, toughness — all those things — then it’s going to guide you into a much more safe, secure space in the future.” Sumners concentrated mostly on hard skills, the scientific knowledge that toys and games can help develop. But there are soft skills, too, like creativity, problem-solving, teamwork, and empathy. “The kinds of playthings, or play activities, that really produce creative thought,” she says, “are natural materials, with no defined end to them — like clay, paint, water, and mud — so that there is no right or wrong way of playing with it.” Playing is by definition voluntary, and goal-free; it involves taking risks, testing boundaries, and experimenting. The best kind of play results in joyful discovery, and along the way, the building blocks of innovation and personal development take shape. But in the decades since Sumners wrote her story, the landscape of play has shifted considerably. Recent research suggests that digital games and virtual play don’t appear to facilitate the same developmental benefits as physical games and outdoor play. “The brain loves the rewards that are coming from digital media,” says Harding. But in screen-based play, “you’re not getting that independence.” The lack of physical interaction also concerns her: “It is the quality of human face-to-face interaction, eye-to-eye look, and mutual engagement in a play activity that really makes a difference.” 1. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A. The educational value of a yo-yo is limited to physics. B. Play’s influence on career choice was known in the 1980s. C. Sumners accurately predicted the broad impact of play. D. Sumners’ primary interest was in children’s mental health. 2. What function does paragraph 3 serve? A. To back up a statement. B. To clarify a concept. C. To offer an explanation. D. To make a prediction 3. What is Sumners’ attitude towards digital games? A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. 4. What does Harding emphasize as a key to play? A. Joyful discovery. B. Physical interaction. C. Personal development. D. Screen-based independence. 【调研2】(2025·广东佛山·一模)There’s a moment in human connection that’s hard to describe — that sudden, electric feeling when you meet someone and feel your minds merge. Where does that spark come from, exactly? What makes someone feel like a lifelong friend after just a small talk? People tend to assume it’s similarity — that they are especially likely to hit it off with someone who shares their background or personality traits. But in our research we’ve found that many of the strongest bonds come less from existing similarity and more from riffing (即兴交流) playfully. In such moments, people create a little world that belongs just to them, a process we call “building a shared reality”. And yet, our culture’s conversational rituals revolve not around playful co-creation but around exchanging formalities. Consider the small talk classic: “How was your weekend?” “Good. Just watched TV. You?” The conversation proceeds predictably. “Took my dog to the park, since it was so nice.” “Oh, I have a dog, too. What kind is yours?” “A lab mix. He’s 3...” Both parties walk away with information but still worlds apart. They may think they’re playing it safe, but that safety traps them in disconnection. Instead, if these two people stray from the script and riff off each other, they may begin to feel that spark of genuine connection. It’s like being a kid again: Kids skip the boring small talk and jump straight into play. “How was your weekend?” “Good, but I spent too much time watching people make tiny food on TikTok.” “Whoa, like…dollhouse-size?” “Yes. If you want to learn to make noodles in a bottle cap, let me know.” “That’s amazing. We could organize a tiny food party — and all the dishes could fit on this coaster!” “We’d need tiny furniture, too. Should we ask that guy over there to build it?” Moments like these can make two strangers suddenly feel like co-creators of a shared world. Riffing doesn’t require being naturally funny, just being attentive and embracing spontaneity. Like any conversational skill, it takes practice. When riffing, speakers resist the urge to counter every observation with their own example, instead building bridges to new ideas. Our aim of conversation, then, is not merely to exchange facts or surface-level similarities but to ask: “What could we create together in this moment?” 1. What is the main factor that leads to a strong human connection? A. Having similar backgrounds. B. Sharing the same character traits. C. Exchanging factual information. D. Engaging in co-creative interaction. 2. What does paragraph 3 suggest about typical small talk in our culture? A. It allows people to avoid arguments. B. It leads to deeper misunderstandings. C. It helps people get to know each other. D. It often fails to build real connections. 3. Which of the following conversations best illustrates “riffing”? A. “Favorite movie?” “Sci-fi, you?” “Me too”. B. “How’s your new job?” “Busy. You?” “Same routine.” C. “My plant looks so sad lately.” “We could play it some jazz.” D. “I’m tired from my beach vacation.” “My ski trip was tiring too.” 4. What’s the most suitable title for the passage? A. Sharing Interests is Key to Understanding B. You’re Probably Doing Small Talk Wrong C. The Best Way to Form Lifelong Friendships D. How to impress Others in First Conversations (建议用时：35分钟) 【抢分练1】（25-26高三上·江苏南通·月考）Mental Health Websites Teens’ Parents Can Explore When it comes to teen mental health, education is essential. Helping your teens understand mental health can make them better equipped to understand their own experiences. To get started, you can explore top websites designed to provide accessible mental health resources for teens. Website’s name Introduction Specialty Go Ask Alice It is a Q&A-style website run by Columbia University’s Health Promotion Program. This website answers questions about nutrition, substance use, mental health disorders and more. You can explore the site based on specific topics. You can use this site as a productive conversation starter with your teen. 988 Lifeline If your teen is experiencing a mental health crisis, immediate intervention can be crucial. Call or text the 988 Crisis Lifeline by dialing 988 to receive crisis support 24/7. It also offers accessible options for people who have difficulty in hearing or speaking. You can communicate with the lifeline through a phone call, texts or online chat messages. Lightfully Teen We’re devoted to making mental health education accessible. One of our main free online resources is our mental health blog, which includes posts on subjects like strategies for boosting self-care. We have posts for teens and parents. We also have a collection of informative videos. You can explore your options on our website if you think your teen may need professional treatment. 1. What do we know about 988 Lifeline? A. It skips weekend services. B. It decreases youth crimes. C. It is privately initiated. D. It is disabled-friendly. 2. What do the three mental websites have in common? A. They provide face-to-face help. B. They facilitate resource access. C. They offer free video courses. D. They need paid memberships. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To recommend reliable websites to adolescents. B. To promote affordable psychological interventions. C. To detail mental health-related websites. D. To compare three mental health websites. 【抢分练2】（25-26高三上·广东·月考）The sun hangs heavy over central Iraq in the late afternoon, painting the ruins of Babylon in heat and light. Dust rises from the ground in soft clouds, creating a scene that seems older than time itself. In this moment the city feels both empty and timeless, its silence broken only by the visitors who have come to stand in the footprints of kings. Once, Babylon was the jewel of Mesopotamia, the city that gave its name to entire eras — the Old, Middle, and New Babylonian periods. It was here where grand temples and palaces were built, and where poets and historians imagined one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: the Hanging Gardens. Ancient Greek and Roman writers described them as a green paradise (天堂), watered by artful pumps that lifted water from the Euphrates River. According to tales, Nebuchadnezzar, then King of Babylon, had them built for his queen who longed for the forested mountains of her homeland. For some Iraqi archaeologists (考古学家), the gardens are more than fairy tales. Some believe the gardens were located near the city of Hillah, about a two-hour drive south of the capital Baghdad, while others point to Nineveh, hundreds of miles to the north. For travelers, however, the debate hardly matters. Standing among the ruins, it takes a good imagination to think of the gardens that left no marks to follow. In recent times, conservation work has been carried out to restore parts of Babylon. With the many challenges the site faces, it is often individuals rather than institutions that keep Babylon’s stories alive. We met a 22-year-old tour guide Hashem, who was enthusiastic about introducing Iraqi history to foreigners. He graduated from the University of Babylon with a degree in biomedical engineering, and after that he turned to tourism, where his knowledge and command of English came in handy. Beyond its broken walls, Babylon continues to cast its spell. Visitors come and express admiration, wondering how the Hanging Gardens once rose from the desert plain. The ruins may be gone some day, but the tales will live on. 1. Why does the writer describe the ruins of Babylon in paragraph 1? A. To explain the reasons for its destruction. B. To highlight its heavy boring atmosphere. C. To create a contrast with its splendid past. D. To express admiration for its great history. 2. What do archaeologists disagree about regarding the Hanging Gardens? A. Its location. B. Its origin. C. Its designer. D. Its influence. 3. What does the author want to show by telling Hashem’s story? A. The restoration work provides job opportunities. B. Ordinary people contribute to preserving history. C. Tourism is successful in areas with a rich culture. D. The country is in need of energetic young people. 4. What does the underlined phrase “cast its spell” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Remain in ruins. B. Disappear over time. C. Hold great charm. D. Make people puzzled. 【抢分练3】(2025年1月浙江高考 B) When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 24. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 25. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 26. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 27. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. 【抢分练4】(2025高考英语北京卷 B) Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview? A. Dignifying. B. Rewarding. C. Engaging. D. Relaxing. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Everyone is the maker of their own success. B. Success favours those with a golden heart. C. Success knocks at your door only once. D. A college holds the key to success. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重难点10 阅读理解之推理判断题攻略 ( 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击： 本专项核 心考查方向与高考高频难点是 阅读理解 之 推理判断题 ，梳理近3年高考该题型的重难考点分布 ( 如202 5 年全国卷 I阅读理解 占比 40 % ) 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1. 逻辑关系推理法 2. 情感态度追踪法 3. 篇章结构预测法 4. 代词指代与词汇关联法 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数 ： 聚焦 6 种类型可稳拿分数题目，确保重难点基础分值 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分： 聚焦 6 种类型中高难度题目，争夺关键分数 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖： 挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。 ) 【考点统计】 2021-2025高考阅读理解考点统计 卷别 细节理解题 猜测词义题 推理判断题 主旨大意题 2025全国高考I卷 7 1 6 1 2025全国高考II卷 8 1 4 2 2025高考浙江1月卷 5 1 7 2 2024新课标I卷 9 1 4 1 2024新课标II卷 9 1 4 1 2023新课标I卷 6 1 7 1 2023新课标II卷 6 1 7 1 2022新课标I卷 8 2 4 1 2022新课标II卷 8 2 4 1 2024全国甲卷 7 1 6 1 2023全国甲卷 8 1 5 1 2023全国乙卷 5 1 8 1 2022全国甲卷 8 1 3 3 2022全国乙卷 10 1 3 1 2021新高考I卷 8 1 4 2 2021新高考II卷 11 1 2 1 【命题趋势】 推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。解答该类题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。高考对推理判断题的考查形式包括以下几种：隐含推断题、观点态度题、写作手法题、写作意图题、文章出处/类别题和作者身份/读者对象题。 考点一：考查隐含推断——据文推理法 【设题特点】 隐含推断题的答案无法通过关键词直接定位或简单同义替换找到，要求考生根据文中的信息进行合理的、适度的逻辑推导、综合判断或合理延伸，推断出作者没有直接说明的内容，可能会发生的事情，理解作者的言外之意等。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解关键词句的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。此类题目的题干主要包括六个动词：infer (推断)，indicate (象征、暗示)，imply (暗示)，suggest (暗示)，conclude (得出结论)和assume (假定、设想)。 【思维导图】 【典例1】(2025全国高考I卷) ...... But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. ...... 25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary. C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic. 【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 考点二：考查观点态度——忠于措辞法 【设题特点】 观点态度题考查考生对作者或文中人物主观立场、情感倾向和评价态度理解能力，作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，考生透过文字表面，捕捉隐含的情感色彩和价值判断。因此，在推断过程中应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。 【思维导图】 【典例2】(2025全国高考I卷) ...... I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep. C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛。)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 考点三：考查写作手法——行文逻辑法 【设题特点】 所谓写作手法题，就是针对某些段落、某些内容进行深入挖掘，判断其行文逻辑。最常考的写作手法是举例说明。考生应学会借助于语境关键词和特定术语作答。 通常不会直接使用“写作手法”这类术语，而是融入对文章结构、作者意图和文本特点的理解中。其设题特点主要体现在以下几个方面： 一、常见考查形式与设题角度：文章结构与组织方式；作者观点与意图；特定写作手法辨析；语言风格与基调。 二、 题目类型与选项特点：题型多为细节理解题、推理判断题或主旨大意题的变体，需结合全文逻辑作答。 选项特征： 正确选项往往概括性强，紧扣文章主线。干扰项常为：片面信息、过度引申、与作者态度相反、或脱离文本的主观臆断。选项语言抽象度高，需考生进行“文本特征→写作功能”的转换。 【思维导图】 【典例3】(2025全国高考I卷) ...... If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 10. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A. The necessity of social skills. B. The meaning of sustainability. C. The importance of repeated efforts. D. The value of professional opinions. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. (Detrinidad说：“医生需要不断实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯萎了，就再养一株新的。”)”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断，她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性”。故选C。 考点四：考查写作意图——文体特点法 【设题特点】 高考英语阅读理解中，利用文体特点法来推断写作意图是一种高层次的解题策略。各种文体的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的题。通常情况下，这类题目不仅考查对文本内容的理解，更考查对文章体裁的辨识以及不同文体固有写作目的的把握。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。其设题核心是：通过识别文章属于什么文体(体裁)，来推断作者最可能的写作意图或读者对象。 【思维导图】 【典例4】(2024新课标Ⅱ卷, D) Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).  (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 考点五：考查文章出处、类别——体裁内容法 【设题特点】 文章出处题是典型的“文体特点法”和“读者意识”的综合应用，要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材、功能及潜在读者来推断文章的出处或类别。写作对象推断题，要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的写作对象。其设题特点可以概括为：通过分析文本的形式特征、语言风格、内容深度和功能目的，推断其最可能出现的真实世界语境。 【思维导图】 【典例5】(2023新课标Ⅱ卷, C) Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world... In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. ... Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject....From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader... 28. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing. C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings. 【答案】A 【解析】文章出处题。根据第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”以及第二段第一句中的“In this ‘book of book,’”可知，本文介绍了收录近三百件来自博物馆和世界各地收藏品的一本书。故选A。 考点六：考查下段预测——文末推断法 【设题特点】 高考英语阅读理解中的“下段预测题”，或称“文末推断题”，是考查学生把握文章逻辑结构、理解篇章发展脉络能力的典型题型。其设题核心在于：基于已知文本的逻辑走向、内容线索和文体特征，对文章后续可能的发展方向进行合理、有限度的预测。要求考生不仅理解已读内容，还要对文章的“未完成部分”进行符合逻辑的构思。 核心设问方式： 1.直接预测下段内容： What is the author likely to discuss in the next paragraph? What will the paragraph following the passage most probably discuss? 2.预测文章后续走向： What might be talked about in the following part? The author will probably talk about ______ next. 【典例6】 (2023全国乙卷, C) ...... According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 31. What might the author continue talking about? A. The art of cooking in other countries. B. Male chefs on TV programmes. C. Table manners in the UK. D. Studies of big eaters 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.”(随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。)可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B项。 (建议用时：40分钟) 【类型一：高考真题推理判断题片段训练】 【片段01】(2024全国甲卷第31题) 【原文】Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ” 31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious. 【答案】A 【解析】推断判断题。根据最后一段的“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. (“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，” Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。 【片段02】(2023年新高考I卷第35题) 【原文】In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. 【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.(尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。 【片段03】(2023新高考I卷第28题) 【原文】The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 28. What is the book aimed at? A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。 【片段04】(2022新高考I卷第21题) 【原文】 Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) … Late Work … 21. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C。 【片段05】(2024新课标I卷第27题) 【原文】Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. (法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 【片段06】(2024新课标I卷第31题) Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。 【类型二：高考真题推理判断题语篇训练】 (2025全国高考I卷 D) 【原文】Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 32. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept. C. By giving examples. D. By providing statistics. 33. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time. C. The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water. 34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A. The importance of plastic recycling. B. The severity of the microplastic problem. C. The danger in overusing pure water. D. The difficulty in treating polluted water. 35. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about? A. Choice of new research methods. B. Possible direction for further study. C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the findings. 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。 32. C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。 33. A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.(至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。故选A。 34. B 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. (尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径—这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的““The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”(格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师卡罗琳·高肖特-林赛(Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay)没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示的微塑料是如何通过煮沸过程被捕获的方式很好。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，这样它们就能去除微塑料。”)”可知，Gauchotte-Lindsay提出了这项发现的潜在应用，升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。 (2025全国高考II卷 D) Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every S1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 32. What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A. He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine. C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home. 33. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A. To customize dishes for guests. B. To make the public aware of food waste. C. To test a food processing method. D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Why the ingredients were used. B. Which dishes were best liked. C. What the dishes were made of. D. Where the ingredients were bought. 35. What can we learn about wastED? A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs. C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs. 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费问题，并以纽约一家餐厅的短期实验项目“wastED”为例，该餐厅通过创意改造本该被丢弃的食材制作菜品，以此提高人们对可持续饮食的关注。 32. A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (也许这种感觉来自于在南非长大，在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿”这句话更像是一个令人不安的事实提醒，而不是晚餐时的祈祷。)” 可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。故选A。 33. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. (每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪费的认识。)”可知，Blue Hill 餐厅进行这个实验，将菜单改为只提供原本会被扔掉的食物，是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。故选B。 34. C 主旨大意题。根据第五段“It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. (值得注意的是，从技术上讲，《浪费》的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉块和农产品。羽衣甘蓝排骨、鱼领、被拒绝的红薯和黄瓜尾部等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的帮助下，变成了美味的菜肴。)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝肋、鱼颈肉、被拒收的红薯和黄瓜尾等，所以该段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C。 35. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. (尽管wastED获得了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计成一个短暂的实验；此后，蓝山餐厅恢复了常规菜单。)”可知，wastED从一开始就被设计为短期实验，现在Blue Hill 餐厅已恢复常规菜单，从而推断，它已经按计划结束了。故选A。 【类型三：推理判断题名校好题调研】 【调研1】(2026·福建·一模) In a November 1984 story for Technology Review, Carolyn Sumners, head of astronomy at the Houston Museum of Natural Science, described how toys, games, and even amusement park rides could change how young minds view science and math. Sumners noted, a yo-yo can be used to observe the forces on a roller coaster. Even a simple ball offers insights into the laws of gravity. While Sumners concentrated on physics, she was onto something bigger. Over the last several decades, evidence has emerged that childhood play can shape our future selves: the skills we develop, the professions we choose, our sense of self-worth, and even our relationships. According to Jacqueline Harding, a child development expert and author of The Brain That Loves to Play, “If you invest time in play, which helps with organizational skills, decision-making, toughness — all those things — then it’s going to guide you into a much more safe, secure space in the future.” Sumners concentrated mostly on hard skills, the scientific knowledge that toys and games can help develop. But there are soft skills, too, like creativity, problem-solving, teamwork, and empathy. “The kinds of playthings, or play activities, that really produce creative thought,” she says, “are natural materials, with no defined end to them — like clay, paint, water, and mud — so that there is no right or wrong way of playing with it.” Playing is by definition voluntary, and goal-free; it involves taking risks, testing boundaries, and experimenting. The best kind of play results in joyful discovery, and along the way, the building blocks of innovation and personal development take shape. But in the decades since Sumners wrote her story, the landscape of play has shifted considerably. Recent research suggests that digital games and virtual play don’t appear to facilitate the same developmental benefits as physical games and outdoor play. “The brain loves the rewards that are coming from digital media,” says Harding. But in screen-based play, “you’re not getting that independence.” The lack of physical interaction also concerns her: “It is the quality of human face-to-face interaction, eye-to-eye look, and mutual engagement in a play activity that really makes a difference.” 1. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A. The educational value of a yo-yo is limited to physics. B. Play’s influence on career choice was known in the 1980s. C. Sumners accurately predicted the broad impact of play. D. Sumners’ primary interest was in children’s mental health. 2. What function does paragraph 3 serve? A. To back up a statement. B. To clarify a concept. C. To offer an explanation. D. To make a prediction 3. What is Sumners’ attitude towards digital games? A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. 4. What does Harding emphasize as a key to play? A. Joyful discovery. B. Physical interaction. C. Personal development. D. Screen-based independence. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以 1984 年 Carolyn Sumners 关于玩具、游戏对青少年理科思维影响的观点为切入点，通过儿童发展专家 Jacqueline Harding 的研究，论证了童年玩耍对个人硬技能(科学知识)和软技能(创造力、同理心等)发展的重要性，并对比了传统玩耍与数字游戏在促进个人成长方面的差异。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段的“In a November 1984 story for Technology Review, Carolyn Sumners, head of astronomy at the Houston Museum of Natural Science, described how toys, games, and even amusement park rides could change how young minds view science and math.(在 1984 年 11 月为《技术评论》撰写的报道中，休斯敦自然科学博物馆的天文学部门负责人Carolyn Sumners描述了玩具、游戏以及甚至游乐园的游乐设施如何能够改变年轻人对科学和数学的看法。)”和第二段中的“While Sumners concentrated on physics, she was onto something bigger. Over the last several decades, evidence has emerged that childhood play can shape our future selves: the skills we develop, the professions we choose, our sense of self-worth, and even our relationships.(虽然Sumners专注于物理学领域，但她发现了更具深远意义的东西。在过去的几十年里，有证据表明，童年时期的玩耍能够塑造我们未来的自我：包括我们培养的技能、选择的职业、自我价值感，甚至是人际关系)可推断，第一段中 Sumners 提出玩具、游戏等能改变青少年对理科的认知，第二段说明尽管她当时主要关注物理学领域，但她的观点触及了更广泛的层面 —— 后续研究证实了玩耍对个人技能、职业、自我价值等多方面的影响。由此可推断，Sumners 的观点准确预测了玩耍的广泛影响。故选C项。 2. 推理判断题。第二段的“Over the last several decades, evidence has emerged that childhood play can shape our future selves: the skills we develop, the professions we choose, our sense of self-worth, and even our relationships. (在过去的几十年里，有证据表明，童年时期的玩耍能够塑造我们未来的自我：包括我们培养的技能、选择的职业、自我价值感，甚至是人际关系)”提出“童年游戏能塑造未来自我”的观点，第三段中“If you invest time in play, which helps with organizational skills, decision-making, toughness — all those things — then it’s going to guide you into a much more safe, secure space in the future.(如果你投入时间在游戏上，这有助于培养组织能力、决策能力、韧性——所有这些东西——然后它会将引导你在未来进入一个更安全、更有保障的空间)”可知，第三段是通过专家观点佐证第二段的核心观点。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段“The kinds of playthings, or play activities, that really produce creative thought,” she says, “are natural materials, with no defined end to them — like clay, paint, water, and mud — so that there is no right or wrong way of playing with it.(真正能产生创造性思维的玩具或游戏活动，是那些没有明确结局的天然材料——比如黏土、颜料、水和泥巴——这样玩起来就没有对错之分)”可知，萨默斯强调天然材料类游戏的价值，由此推断她对数字游戏持不赞同态度。故选A项。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The lack of physical interaction also concerns her: “It is the quality of human face-to-face interaction, eye-to-eye look, and mutual engagement in a play activity that really makes a difference.” (缺乏身体互动也让她担忧：“真正起作用的是人与人之间面对面交流、眼神交流以及在游戏活动中相互参与的质量。”)”可知，哈丁强调身体互动是游戏的关键。故选B项。 【调研2】(2025·广东佛山·一模)There’s a moment in human connection that’s hard to describe — that sudden, electric feeling when you meet someone and feel your minds merge. Where does that spark come from, exactly? What makes someone feel like a lifelong friend after just a small talk? People tend to assume it’s similarity — that they are especially likely to hit it off with someone who shares their background or personality traits. But in our research we’ve found that many of the strongest bonds come less from existing similarity and more from riffing (即兴交流) playfully. In such moments, people create a little world that belongs just to them, a process we call “building a shared reality”. And yet, our culture’s conversational rituals revolve not around playful co-creation but around exchanging formalities. Consider the small talk classic: “How was your weekend?” “Good. Just watched TV. You?” The conversation proceeds predictably. “Took my dog to the park, since it was so nice.” “Oh, I have a dog, too. What kind is yours?” “A lab mix. He’s 3...” Both parties walk away with information but still worlds apart. They may think they’re playing it safe, but that safety traps them in disconnection. Instead, if these two people stray from the script and riff off each other, they may begin to feel that spark of genuine connection. It’s like being a kid again: Kids skip the boring small talk and jump straight into play. “How was your weekend?” “Good, but I spent too much time watching people make tiny food on TikTok.” “Whoa, like…dollhouse-size?” “Yes. If you want to learn to make noodles in a bottle cap, let me know.” “That’s amazing. We could organize a tiny food party — and all the dishes could fit on this coaster!” “We’d need tiny furniture, too. Should we ask that guy over there to build it?” Moments like these can make two strangers suddenly feel like co-creators of a shared world. Riffing doesn’t require being naturally funny, just being attentive and embracing spontaneity. Like any conversational skill, it takes practice. When riffing, speakers resist the urge to counter every observation with their own example, instead building bridges to new ideas. Our aim of conversation, then, is not merely to exchange facts or surface-level similarities but to ask: “What could we create together in this moment?” 1. What is the main factor that leads to a strong human connection? A. Having similar backgrounds. B. Sharing the same character traits. C. Exchanging factual information. D. Engaging in co-creative interaction. 2. What does paragraph 3 suggest about typical small talk in our culture? A. It allows people to avoid arguments. B. It leads to deeper misunderstandings. C. It helps people get to know each other. D. It often fails to build real connections. 3. Which of the following conversations best illustrates “riffing”? A. “Favorite movie?” “Sci-fi, you?” “Me too”. B. “How’s your new job?” “Busy. You?” “Same routine.” C. “My plant looks so sad lately.” “We could play it some jazz.” D. “I’m tired from my beach vacation.” “My ski trip was tiring too.” 4. What’s the most suitable title for the passage? A. Sharing Interests is Key to Understanding B. You’re Probably Doing Small Talk Wrong C. The Best Way to Form Lifelong Friendships D. How to impress Others in First Conversations 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了即兴交流在建立深厚人际关系中的重要性，批评了传统小谈话的局限性，并强调了共同创造在连接中的核心作用。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But in our research we’ve found that many of the strongest bonds come less from existing similarity and more from riffing (即兴交流) playfully. In such moments, people create a little world that belongs just to them, a process we call “building a shared reality”.(但在我们的研究中发现，许多最为牢固的人际纽带，与其说源自彼此既有的相似之处，倒不如说更多源于趣味盎然的即兴交流。在这样的时刻，人们会创造出一个专属于他们的小世界，我们将这一过程称为“构建共同现实”)”可知，导致强烈人际联系的主要因素是参与共同创造的互动。故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Both parties walk away with information but still worlds apart. They may think they’re playing it safe, but that safety traps them in disconnection.(双方交谈后虽都获取了信息，但彼此间依旧隔阂重重。他们或许认为自己只是在稳妥行事，然而这种“稳妥”却使他们陷入了彼此疏离的境地)”可推知，我们文化中的典型小谈话往往无法建立真正的联系。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Instead, if these two people stray from the script and riff off each other, they may begin to feel that spark of genuine connection.(相反，如果这两个人偏离剧本，即兴发挥，相互配合，他们可能会开始感受到那种真正联系的火花)”以及下文对话示例可知，riffing指的是即兴、富有创造性的对话。C选项““My plant looks so sad lately.” “We could play it some jazz.”(“我的植物最近看起来很沮丧。”“我们可以给它放点爵士乐。”)”最符合riffing的定义，因为它体现了即兴和创造性的交流。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，第一段的“What makes someone feel like a lifelong friend after just a small talk? (是什么让一个人在仅仅一次简短的交谈后就感觉像是结识了多年的老友？)”，特别是第三段和第四段的对比，以及最后一段“Our aim of conversation, then, is not merely to exchange facts or surface-level similarities but to ask: “What could we create together in this moment?”(那么，我们交谈的目的不仅仅是交换事实或表面上的相似之处，而是要问：“此时此刻，我们能够共同创造什么？”)”可知，文章主要讨论了传统小谈话的局限性，并强调了即兴交流在建立深厚人际关系中的重要性。B选项“You’re Probably Doing Small Talk Wrong (你可能做错了小谈话)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 ( 模块说明： 聚焦于需要熟练并综合运用技巧的中高难度题目，争夺关键分数。 1. 题量：5-8道。标注明确的限时要求 ( 如：10分钟 ) 。 ( 难点较多的题量可适当放宽 ) 2. 选题：以高考真题和模拟题为主，题目应综合性强、情境新颖，或设有经典陷阱，旨在促使学生灵活、快速地调用所学技巧，实现分数突破。 3. 选题说明： 出处选高考真题和高考模拟题。模拟题选教育发达省份、名校、大市等联考的模拟。不选高一高二的模拟题。不标出处，好题放在前面。 4. 出处 ： 如2025教育发达地区的模考题和高考真题 需要在试题前面增加出处。原创题在前面写上 ( 原创 )。参考1.2题样式 5. 目前是按照难度分层的，建议从试题选取、考点划分、题型等方面突出难度分层 ) (建议用时：20分钟) 【抢分练1】（25-26高三上·江苏南通·月考）Mental Health Websites Teens’ Parents Can Explore When it comes to teen mental health, education is essential. Helping your teens understand mental health can make them better equipped to understand their own experiences. To get started, you can explore top websites designed to provide accessible mental health resources for teens. Website’s name Introduction Specialty Go Ask Alice It is a Q&A-style website run by Columbia University’s Health Promotion Program. This website answers questions about nutrition, substance use, mental health disorders and more. You can explore the site based on specific topics. You can use this site as a productive conversation starter with your teen. 988 Lifeline If your teen is experiencing a mental health crisis, immediate intervention can be crucial. Call or text the 988 Crisis Lifeline by dialing 988 to receive crisis support 24/7. It also offers accessible options for people who have difficulty in hearing or speaking. You can communicate with the lifeline through a phone call, texts or online chat messages. Lightfully Teen We’re devoted to making mental health education accessible. One of our main free online resources is our mental health blog, which includes posts on subjects like strategies for boosting self-care. We have posts for teens and parents. We also have a collection of informative videos. You can explore your options on our website if you think your teen may need professional treatment. 1. What do we know about 988 Lifeline? A. It skips weekend services. B. It decreases youth crimes. C. It is privately initiated. D. It is disabled-friendly. 2. What do the three mental websites have in common? A. They provide face-to-face help. B. They facilitate resource access. C. They offer free video courses. D. They need paid memberships. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To recommend reliable websites to adolescents. B. To promote affordable psychological interventions. C. To detail mental health-related websites. D. To compare three mental health websites. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三个可供青少年父母参考的心理健康网站，分别介绍了它们的特点、服务内容和适用场景。 1. 细节理解题。根据表格中“988 Lifeline”部分介绍的“It also offers accessible options for people who have difficulty in hearing or speaking.(该热线还为听障或言语障碍人士提供无障碍选择)”可知，该热线对残障人士友好。故选D。 2. 推理判断题。三个网站分别提供问答式心理健康支持、危机干预热线、以及免费心理健康博客与视频资源，共同特点是帮助青少年及其父母更方便地获取心理健康相关资源。根据文章首段“To get started, you can explore top websites designed to provide accessible mental health resources for teens.(你可以从这些为青少年提供便捷心理健康资源的顶级网站开始探索)”可推知，它们都致力于促进资源的获取。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。文章通过表格形式详细介绍了三个心理健康网站的名称、简介和特点，目的是向读者具体说明这些网站的内容与功能。根据文章标题“Mental Health Websites Teens’ Parents Can Explore (青少年父母可探索的心理健康网站)”及全文结构可知，本文旨在详细描述几个与心理健康相关的网站。故选C。 【抢分练2】（25-26高三上·广东·月考）The sun hangs heavy over central Iraq in the late afternoon, painting the ruins of Babylon in heat and light. Dust rises from the ground in soft clouds, creating a scene that seems older than time itself. In this moment the city feels both empty and timeless, its silence broken only by the visitors who have come to stand in the footprints of kings. Once, Babylon was the jewel of Mesopotamia, the city that gave its name to entire eras — the Old, Middle, and New Babylonian periods. It was here where grand temples and palaces were built, and where poets and historians imagined one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: the Hanging Gardens. Ancient Greek and Roman writers described them as a green paradise (天堂), watered by artful pumps that lifted water from the Euphrates River. According to tales, Nebuchadnezzar, then King of Babylon, had them built for his queen who longed for the forested mountains of her homeland. For some Iraqi archaeologists (考古学家), the gardens are more than fairy tales. Some believe the gardens were located near the city of Hillah, about a two-hour drive south of the capital Baghdad, while others point to Nineveh, hundreds of miles to the north. For travelers, however, the debate hardly matters. Standing among the ruins, it takes a good imagination to think of the gardens that left no marks to follow. In recent times, conservation work has been carried out to restore parts of Babylon. With the many challenges the site faces, it is often individuals rather than institutions that keep Babylon’s stories alive. We met a 22-year-old tour guide Hashem, who was enthusiastic about introducing Iraqi history to foreigners. He graduated from the University of Babylon with a degree in biomedical engineering, and after that he turned to tourism, where his knowledge and command of English came in handy. Beyond its broken walls, Babylon continues to cast its spell. Visitors come and express admiration, wondering how the Hanging Gardens once rose from the desert plain. The ruins may be gone some day, but the tales will live on. 1. Why does the writer describe the ruins of Babylon in paragraph 1? A. To explain the reasons for its destruction. B. To highlight its heavy boring atmosphere. C. To create a contrast with its splendid past. D. To express admiration for its great history. 2. What do archaeologists disagree about regarding the Hanging Gardens? A. Its location. B. Its origin. C. Its designer. D. Its influence. 3. What does the author want to show by telling Hashem’s story? A. The restoration work provides job opportunities. B. Ordinary people contribute to preserving history. C. Tourism is successful in areas with a rich culture. D. The country is in need of energetic young people. 4. What does the underlined phrase “cast its spell” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Remain in ruins. B. Disappear over time. C. Hold great charm. D. Make people puzzled. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了巴比伦古城如今的废墟景象，回顾了其辉煌历史(特别是空中花园)，探讨了考古学家的争议，并通过一位年轻导游的故事，展现了个体在传承历史记忆中的重要作用，最后点明这座古城虽已倾颓，但魅力与传说永存。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The sun hangs heavy over central Iraq in the late afternoon, painting the ruins of Babylon in heat and light. Dust rises from the ground in soft clouds, creating a scene that seems older than time itself. In this moment the city feels both empty and timeless (夕阳沉沉地挂在伊拉克中部上空，用炎热和光线描绘着巴比伦的废墟。尘土从地面以柔软的云团状升起，营造出一个似乎比时间本身更古老的场景。此刻这座城市感觉既空旷又永恒)”可知，作者详细描绘了巴比伦如今荒凉、空旷、古老的废墟景象。紧接着在第二段开头写道：“Once, Babylon was the jewel of Mesopotamia, the city that gave its name to entire eras — the Old, Middle, and New Babylonian periods. (曾经，巴比伦是美索不达米亚的瑰宝，这座城市的名字定义了整个时代——古巴比伦、中巴比伦和新巴比伦时期。)”描述了它过去的辉煌。因此，作者在第一段的描写旨在与它辉煌的过去形成鲜明对比。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“For some Iraqi archaeologists (考古学家), the gardens are more than fairy tales. Some believe the gardens were located near the city of Hillah, about a two-hour drive south of the capital Baghdad, while others point to Nineveh, hundreds of miles to the north. (对于一些伊拉克考古学家来说，这些花园不仅仅是童话。一些人认为花园位于首都巴格达以南约两小时车程的希拉市附近，而另一些人则指向北边数百英里外的尼尼微。)”可知，考古学家对于空中花园的具体地理位置持有不同看法，存在争议。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“With the many challenges the site faces, it is often individuals rather than institutions that keep Babylon’s stories alive. (面对遗址面临的诸多挑战，通常是个人而非机构让巴比伦的故事保持鲜活。)”以及随后作者引用的完整例子：“We met a 22-year-old tour guide Hashem, who was enthusiastic about introducing Iraqi history to foreigners. He graduated from the University of Babylon with a degree in biomedical engineering, and after that he turned to tourism, where his knowledge and command of English came in handy. (我们遇到了一位22岁的导游哈什姆，他热衷于向外国人介绍伊拉克历史。他毕业于巴比伦大学，拥有生物医学工程学位，之后他转向旅游业，他的知识和英语能力在这里派上了用场。)”可知，作者讲述哈什姆的个人故事，是为了具体说明前文观点，即普通个体在保存和传承历史记忆方面发挥着关键作用。故选B项。 4. 词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句子“Beyond its broken walls, Babylon continues to cast its spell. Visitors come and express admiration, wondering how the Hanging Gardens once rose from the desert plain. (越过它破碎的城墙，巴比伦继续cast its spell。游客们纷至沓来，表达钦佩之情，惊叹空中花园是如何曾经从沙漠平原上拔地而起的。)”可知，“cast its spell”的直接结果是“游客们纷至沓来并表达钦佩”，因此该短语在语境中应表示巴比伦遗址依然具有强大的吸引力、迷惑力或魅力。故选C项。 【抢分练3】(2025年1月浙江高考 B) When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 24. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 25. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 26. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 27. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自己因童年时被灌输饮食观念而影响了与食物的关系，心理学家建议家长在饮食上少干预，作者尝试策略后发现孩子能做更好的饮食决策。 24. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. ‘You don’t want to get fat’ was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这真的搞砸了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)”可知，作者童年时被灌输的饮食观念对其产生了负面影响，由此可推断出，作者对自己童年时被喂养的方式持批判态度。故选B项。 25. 推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. ‘There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,’ she says. ‘It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.’ (根据心理学教授夏洛特·马基的说法，食物是为数不多的家长说得少反而更好的话题之一。“在育儿方面，有很多事情值得深入讨论，但我不认为食物是其中之一，”她说。“这只会给孩子们带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感，这并不健康。”)”可知，马基不赞成家长和孩子过多谈论食物相关的话题，而向孩子解释吃零食的风险属于谈论食物的话题，所以马基不会赞成。故选C项。 26. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, she recommends applying a well known concept among nutrition experts called the ‘Division of Responsibility,’ where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. (相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，即‘责任划分’，在这个概念中，家长在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己决定想吃什么和吃多少 —— 即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜多)”可知，根据“责任划分”，孩子应该自己做饮食决策。故选A项。27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. (我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我不那么严格限制时，他们确实会做出更好的决策)”可知，孩子们确实会做出更好的决策，所以作者会认为自己所遵循的策略是可行的。故选C项。 【抢分练4】(2025高考英语北京卷 B) Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview? A. Dignifying. B. Rewarding. C. Engaging. D. Relaxing. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Everyone is the maker of their own success. B. Success favours those with a golden heart. C. Success knocks at your door only once. D. A college holds the key to success. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在高三时对大学申请和成功定义的反思，不再盲目追随他人选择大量AP课程，而是基于个人兴趣选课，并从失败的小组面试中学习，通过自我调整最终获得领导职位。 24. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? (在整个高三期间，我和我的同学们一直担心，当大学将我们的整个人生故事浓缩成一篇200字的短文时，他们会看到什么。当他们回顾我们的成就时，脑海中会浮现出‘成功’这个金灿灿的词汇吗？还是会看到用红色标注的‘失败’这个醒目的大字？)”可知，作者在高三年级主要担心的是大学对他们的认可。故选D。 25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. (我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”可知，作者选择较少的AP课程是因为她自己对成功的理解。故选A。 26. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. (然而，这次面试并不是一次浪费的机会。我和一位高年级的申请者交谈，她回答问题的方式反映了她对自己的信心。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. (今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者认为第一次面试是有收获的，因为它让作者从中学到了东西，并影响了她后来的面试表现。故选B。 27. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. (我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. (今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者通过自己的经历表明，成功并非由大学或外界标准定义，而是源于自我认知与努力。“Everyone is the maker of their own success. (每个人都是自己成功的创造者。)” 符合题意。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $