寒假作业07 阅读理解七选五+高考必考题型（巩固培优）高二英语译林版

选择必修一、二（阅读理解七选五） 作业07 核心知识巩固+拓展突破 技巧点拨 二、七选五（阅读填空）逻辑突破法 三大衔接点： 1. 词汇衔接： · 原词/同义词复现 · 代词指代（it/they/this等） · 上下义词（如animal与tiger） 2. 逻辑衔接： · 并列补充：and, also, similarly · 转折对比：but, however, on the contrary · 因果解释：so, therefore, as a result · 举例说明：for example, such as 3. 结构衔接： · 空格在段首：常为段落主题句 · 空格在段中：承上启下，注意前后句 · 空格在段尾：总结或引出下文 题型应对： ① 速读选项，标记特征词（代词/逻辑词） ② 回看空格前后句，寻找线索 ③ 先易后难，用已选答案缩小范围 ④ 代入通读，检查逻辑是否通畅 （2024·江苏苏州高三模拟） The future may seem far away, but it is not impossible to predict the future. With the speed we are moving now, so many amazing things are going to happen in the future. So where is technology going in the future? 1._________ ◇ The Internet will be free for everyone. The Internet is really a key driver these days. But it is not free for everyone yet. There have already been attempts like Facebook’s Free Basics. 2________, there is a very strong possibility that the Internet will be free for everyone in the future. ◇ Personal airplanes will be used widely for short journeys. With the increasing population, it is not very hard to predict that common methods of transportation will not be enough. 3__________, so in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people. Of course, there will be proper air traffic control for these personal airplanes. ◇ Most cancers will be treated successfully. 4.__________ It will be a huge achievement in the history of medical science. Many studies are already showing a trend towards this. ◇ 5.____________ There will be great achievements in space research. In the year 2050, humans will be able to live on Mars. We will receive more intelligent signals from space. Chances are we will be able to find the next Earth-like planet. A. Though it hasn’t happened yet B. Let’s start our predictions C. The world’s population will exceed 9.6 billion D. What do you think of my predictions of 2050 E. Humans will live on other planets F. There will be much heavier traffic on the road G. The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly reduced (2023年全国乙卷）Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____6____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____7____. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____8____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____9____. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____10____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding （2024年全国甲卷）What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____11____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____12____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____13____ Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____14____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. ____15____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A Eat properly throughout the day. B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. （2024年新课标一卷）Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____16___ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____17___ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. ____18___ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____19____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____20___ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. ____21___ But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. ___22____ If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. ____23___ You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this. So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. ____24____ We are a social species, so this is important. While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. ____25____ A. It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B. They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C. It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D. In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. （2025年全国二卷） Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? ___1_ You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. ●You’ll feel like you have more time. People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. ___2___ ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. ___3___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. ● ___4_ Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. ●You’ll have more time with family. Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. __5___ Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work. A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___6__. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___7___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___8__, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___9___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___10__ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal （2022年全国一卷）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___11___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___12___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___13___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___14__ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___15___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16__ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. （2025年浙江一月首考）One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ____21____ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ____22____ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ____23____ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. ____24____ If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ____25____ Building effective communication skills takes time but the effects are worth the effort. A. Be patient. B. Get the audience involved. C. The best messages are often simple. D. Speak directly to what matters to them. E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. 答案第10页，共10页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择必修一、二（阅读理解七选五） 作业07 核心知识巩固+拓展突破 技巧点拨 一、七选五（阅读填空）逻辑突破法 三大衔接点： 1. 词汇衔接： · 原词/同义词复现 · 代词指代（it/they/this等） · 上下义词（如animal与tiger） 2. 逻辑衔接： · 并列补充：and, also, similarly · 转折对比：but, however, on the contrary · 因果解释：so, therefore, as a result · 举例说明：for example, such as 3. 结构衔接： · 空格在段首：常为段落主题句 · 空格在段中：承上启下，注意前后句 · 空格在段尾：总结或引出下文 题型应对： ① 速读选项，标记特征词（代词/逻辑词） ② 回看空格前后句，寻找线索 ③ 先易后难，用已选答案缩小范围 ④ 代入通读，检查逻辑是否通畅 （2024·江苏苏州高三模拟） The future may seem far away, but it is not impossible to predict the future. With the speed we are moving now, so many amazing things are going to happen in the future. So where is technology going in the future? 1._________ ◇ The Internet will be free for everyone. The Internet is really a key driver these days. But it is not free for everyone yet. There have already been attempts like Facebook’s Free Basics. 2________, there is a very strong possibility that the Internet will be free for everyone in the future. ◇ Personal airplanes will be used widely for short journeys. With the increasing population, it is not very hard to predict that common methods of transportation will not be enough. 3__________, so in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people. Of course, there will be proper air traffic control for these personal airplanes. ◇ Most cancers will be treated successfully. 4.__________ It will be a huge achievement in the history of medical science. Many studies are already showing a trend towards this. ◇ 5.____________ There will be great achievements in space research. In the year 2050, humans will be able to live on Mars. We will receive more intelligent signals from space. Chances are we will be able to find the next Earth-like planet. A. Though it hasn’t happened yet B. Let’s start our predictions C. The world’s population will exceed 9.6 billion D. What do you think of my predictions of 2050 E. Humans will live on other planets F. There will be much heavier traffic on the road G. The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly reduced 答案解析： 1. B上文提问“未来科技将走向何方？”，下文开始列举预测，因此B项“让我们开始预测吧”承上启下。 2. A上文提到已有尝试（如Facebook Free Basics），但尚未实现全民免费，A项“虽然尚未发生”符合语境，引出下文“可能性很大”。 3. F下文提到“因此私人飞机将成为便捷交通工具”，故上文应说明原因，F项“道路交通将更加拥堵”符合逻辑。 4. G本段主旨是“大多数癌症将被成功治愈”，G项“癌症导致的死亡人数将大幅减少”与该主旨一致，且与下文“医学史上的巨大成就”呼应。 5. E 本段内容围绕人类移居火星、寻找类地行星展开，E项“人类将居住在其他星球上”适合作小标题。 (2023年全国乙卷）Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____6____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____7____. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____8____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____9____. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____10____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 【答案】6. B 7. D 8. C 9. E 10. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。 【6题详解】 根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。 【7题详解】 根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 【8题详解】 根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。 【9题详解】 根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。 10题详解】 根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。 （2024年全国甲卷）What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____11____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____12____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____13____ Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____14____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. ____15____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A Eat properly throughout the day. B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 【答案】11. F 12. C 13. E 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【11题详解】 上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。 【12题详解】 根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。 【13题详解】 上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。 【14题详解】 根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。 【15题详解】 设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。 （2024年新课标一卷）Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____16___ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____17___ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. ____18___ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____19____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____20___ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。 【16题详解】 上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。 【17题详解】 上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。 【18题详解】 下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。 【19题详解】 下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。 What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. ____21___ But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. ___22____ If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. ____23___ You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this. So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. ____24____ We are a social species, so this is important. While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. ____25____ A. It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B. They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C. It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D. In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 【答案】21. G 22. E 23. D 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。 【21题详解】 由上文“As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Robert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。 【22题详解】 由上文“But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. (但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 【23题详解】 由上文“Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。 【24题详解】 由上文“So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。 【25题详解】 由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。 （2025年全国二卷） Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? ___1_ You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. ●You’ll feel like you have more time. People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. ___2___ ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. ___3___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. ● ___4_ Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. ●You’ll have more time with family. Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. __5___ Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work. A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 【答案】1. B 2. G 3. E 4. C 5. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。 【1题详解】 根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together”和“shared hobby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。 【2题详解】 根据段落主题句“You’ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes you feel capable”和“inspires you to make the most of each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联。故选G项。 【3题详解】 根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。 【4题详解】 根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect teen’s well-being in the years to come. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the years to come”，“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that your kid has talent”体现“Everyone brings something unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F项。 Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___6__. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___7___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___8__, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___9___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___10__ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 【答案】6. D 7. F 8. C 9. G 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。 【6题详解】 根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。 【7题详解】 根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。 【8题详解】 根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。 【9题详解】 根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。 【10题详解】 根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。 （2022年全国一卷）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___11___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___12___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___13___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___14__ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___15___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. G 15. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。 【11题详解】 根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 【12题详解】 根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。 【13题详解】 根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。 【14题详解】 根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 【15题详解】 根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16__ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 【16题详解】 空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。 【17题详解】 空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 （2025年浙江一月首考）One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ____21____ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ____22____ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ____23____ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. ____24____ If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ____25____ Building effective communication skills takes time but the effects are worth the effort. A. Be patient. B. Get the audience involved. C. The best messages are often simple. D. Speak directly to what matters to them. E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. G 24. B 25. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。 【21题详解】 上文“One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C选项“The best messages are often simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免复杂，追求简单，句中“simple”与上文“too much”形成对比。故选C项。 【22题详解】 上文“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受众兴趣，D选项“Speak directly to what matters to them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D项。 【23题详解】 下文“However, they’re hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折关系。G选项“As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what you’re going to say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G项。 【24题详解】 下文“If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.(如果你曾经当过导师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B选项“Get the audience involved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。 【25题详解】 上文“If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions.(如果你传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考，并跟进提问)”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F选项“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.(它还会给他们提供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F项。 答案第10页，共14页 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $