Unit1 People of achievement 同步检测-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 1　People of achievement同步话题真题检测 一、阅读理解 1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷B] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了兽医William Farber在从针灸中受益后,奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法,用针灸、按摩等方式治疗动物并取得了良好疗效。 24.A　推理判断题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.”可知,Farber的一些同事有时会嘲笑他所使用的不寻常的方法,故他们认为他很怪异。故选A。 25.C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.”可知,Farber作为患者从针灸中受益,这促使他决定尝试在宠物身上使用针灸。故选C。 26.D　段落大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, ‘moves more easily and rides more comfortably’ after a chiropractic adjustment.”可知,本段主要讲了两个具体的案例。一个是Farber通过整体医学疗法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie,另一个是一匹马Nappy在接受按摩治疗后活动起来更为轻松、骑起来更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学疗法对于治疗动物的有效性。故选D。 27.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.”可知,Farber认为整体医学疗法会越来越受欢迎,随后作者列举了美国整体兽医协会的会员人数已经从30个增加到700多个的例子,因此推断作者提到美国整体兽医协会是为了证明Farber的观点。故选A。 2.[2023·全国乙卷A] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了四位在医学领域取得了突出成就的女性。 21.C　细节理解题。根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania部分中“…she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.”可知,Jacqueline是一名医生并做外科手术;根据James Barry部分中“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813…”可知,她于1813年取得外科医生资格。由此可知,Jacqueline和James的共同之处是她们都做外科手术。故选C项。 22.A　细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian部分中“In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.”可知,谈允贤和其他的行医者的不同之处在于她写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书。故选A项。 23.D　细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler部分中“…she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.”可知,Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。故选D项。 3.[2021·新高考全国II卷C] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国的一位女士在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万美元的奖金,她用这笔奖金发起了一个项目,让艺术家进入学校,使学生们接受艺术教学的事情。 28.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution(变革). ‘We are going to make a change,’ she said. ‘I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.’”可知,Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金启动一个项目。故选C。 29.D　推理判断题。根据文章第五段“‘…is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools.’ It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.”可知,Craig-Martin认为英国学校里的艺术教育应被给予更强烈的重视。故选D。 30.C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.”可知,Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。 31.A　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution(变革). ‘We are going to make a change,’she said.‘I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.’”及第三段“…getting artists of any sort…into schools…”可知,文章讲述了Andria Zafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目,将艺术家带进学校,以促进艺术教学的事情。故选A。 4.[2023·辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体高三二模] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章通过列举牛顿、哥伦布的经历,论述了在通向成功的路上坚持不懈的重要性。 1.F　根据下文“But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully.”可知,此处说明人的成功在于完成最难的任务,F项(第一次尝试就容易完成的任务无疑是非常容易的。)与下文为转折关系,话题与任务的难易有关,故选F项。 2.B　根据上文“And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must.”(要在这场艰苦的战斗中取得胜利,毅力和努力是必需的。)可知,此处说明了毅力和努力是人生成功的必要条件,B项(这是人生成功的特有先决条件。)能够衔接上文,B项中的it指代上文中“毅力和努力”这一必要条件,上下文衔接连贯,故选B项。 3.G　根据上文“What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little.”可知,尽管牛顿12年努力的成果被他的爱犬给毁了,但他没有灰心,G项(通过多年的努力和坚持不懈,他能够再次取得成功。)能够衔接上文,G项中的he指代上文的the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton,do it again与前文呼应,上下文衔接连贯顺畅,故选G项。 4.E　根据下文“He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.”可知,此处提到的人物是个航海家,E项(哥伦布给我们留下了一个有关坚持不懈的冒险故事。)符合本段语境,下文中的he指代F项中的Columbus,下文阐述了哥伦布的冒险经历以及意义,上下文连贯顺畅,故选E项。 5.D　根据上文“All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.”可知,此处说明成就伟大事业的人都具备坚韧不拔的毅力,D项(他们的成功将永远是我们的完美榜样。)能够衔接上文,D项中的their指代上文中的all the great men,上下文衔接连贯,故选D项。 5. [2020·全国新高考I卷七选五] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为了成为一名优秀的演说家,你必须掌握的几条原则。 16.G　根据首句“Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.”(许多人天生就是演说家)及其后文“Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.”可知,空格处表示转折,即并非每个人都有天赋,大部分人是经过培训才成为高效的演说家的。 17.A　根据上文“Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the ‘public’ at the expense of the ‘speaking’.”可知,很多时候,当你站起来发表演讲时,你只关注“公众”,而忽略了“演讲”,下文给出的建议“Focus on the speaking.”是让我们关注“演讲”,因此选项A符合语境。 18.C　根据上一句“So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.”(所以,当你犯错误时不要停止演讲,除非它是真正严重的错误)可知,此处应承接上文的观点,即你不需要为一个小失误道歉。 19.B　根据上一句“Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.”可知,你的目标不是成为一名完美的演说家,此处应承接上文,介绍你的目标是要成为一名高效的演说家。 20.D　根据下文“It’s rare to hear someone say, ‘I wish that speaker had spoken longer.’ On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought… ”可知,高效的演讲不是时间越长越好,要稍微用时短点儿。故选D。 二、语法填空 1.[2023·四川成都、绵阳五校高三适应性考试] 【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了获得今年欧莱雅—联合国教科文组织女性科学奖的获奖者,重点介绍了来自中国的获奖者张弥曼。 1.on　考查介词。表示在具体某天晚上应用介词on。故填on。 2.receivers　考查名词复数。one of后接可数名词的复数形式,此处指人,用one of the receivers作句子主语。故填receivers。 3.known　考查非谓语动词。be known as“被称为”是固定短语,此处省略be用过去分词作定语。故填known。 4.was given　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为主句谓语动词,根据时间状语in 2016可知用一般过去时,且主语Zhang和give之间为被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数,be动词用was。故填was given。 5.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the Romer-Simpson Lifetime Achievement Award,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6.leading　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词was appointed,且无连词,故空处应填非谓语动词,逻辑主语pioneering work和lead to之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,作后置定语。故填leading。 7.fifth　考查序数词。结合句意可知,此处表示“第五”且空前有定冠词the,故空处填序数词fifth。故填fifth。 8.are　考查时态和主谓一致。句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语the other four winners是复数,be动词用are。故填are。 9.a　考查冠词。结合句意可知,此处表示“由于”,用as a result of。故填a。 10.to encourage　考查非谓语动词。此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to encourage。 2. [2019·全国卷II] 【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了一位90岁的英国女士Irene Astbury因为仍然坚持每周上班,而获得“年度女性”称号的故事。 61.being　考查非谓语动词。空格前面用介词for,后面要用v.-ing的形式作介词的宾语,故填being。 62.which　考查非限制性定语从句。the pet shop是先行词,指物,空格后面的句子中缺少宾语,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。 63.finally　考查副词。分析语境可知,此处是副词修饰动词,作状语, 故填finally。 64.declared　考查时态。本句缺少谓语,同时结合空后的had可知,应使用一般过去时。故填declared。 65.to retire　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,此处表示“她宣布她还没有要退休的计划”。用不定式作plans的后置定语。 66.have made　考查时态。结合空格后面的时间状语over the years可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填have made。 67.but　考查连词。此处是“not…but…”结构,意为“不是……而是……”,故填but。 68.saying　考查非谓语动词。say与前面的call之间是主谓关系,故填saying作后置定语,修饰前面的call。 69.a　考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处意为“我们以为这是一个玩笑”。a joke一个玩笑。故填a。 70.wonderful　考查词形转换。前面是系动词is,后面跟形容词作表语,故填wonderful。 三、应用文写作 1.[2023·全国甲卷] 【思路点拨】 本文要求以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文,属于记叙文类。 写作时应注意: 1. 要点要齐全:(1)直接引出主题——要介绍的历史人物;(2)人物的简介及事迹;(3)意义或启示。 2. 时态:描述经历以一般过去时为主; 意义或启示以现在时为主。 3. 恰当使用一些连词,使文章自然、流畅。 4. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文的档次。 【参考范文】 A historical figure in China I would like to introduce a prominent figure in Chinese history, Confucius. He was born in the state of Lu which is located in present-day Qufu, Shandong Province.Confucius was a great philosopher, educator, and politician who left a profound impact on Chinese culture and society. Confucius believed in the importance of moral values such as respect, loyalty, and kindness. He emphasized the importance of education and self-improvement, which he believed would lead to a harmonious society. His teachings and philosophy were compiled into a book called The Analects, which is still studied by many Chinese today. Despite facing opposition and exile during his lifetime, Confucius' teachings have continued to influence Chinese society for over 2,000 years. He is still one of the most important figures in Chinese history today. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1　People of achievement同步话题真题检测 一、阅读理解 1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷B] “I am not crazy,” says Dr William Farber,shortly after performing acupuncture(针灸)on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practising “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any indication,he may be right: since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says.“I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job.” (　)24.What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him? A.He's odd. B.He's strict. C.He's brave. D.He's rude. (　)25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A.He was trained in it at university. B.He was inspired by another veterinarian. C.He benefited from it as a patient. D.He wanted to save money for pet owners. (　)26.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B.The complexity of veterinarians' work. C.Examples of rare animal diseases. D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine. (　)27.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A.To prove Farber's point. B.To emphasize its importance. C.To praise veterinarians. D.To advocate animal protection. 2.[2023·全国乙卷A] PRACTITIONERS Jacqueline Felice de Almania ( c.1322 ) highlights the suspicion that women practising medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practising unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. Tan Yunxian (1461—1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511,Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. James Barry (c.1789—1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practised her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831—1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. (　)21.What did Jacqueline and James have in common? A.Doing teaching jobs. B.Being hired as physicians. C.Performing surgery. D.Being banned from medicine. (　)22.How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners? A.She wrote a book. B.She went through trials. C.She worked as a dentist. D.She had formal education. (　)23.Who was the first African American with a medical degree? A.Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B.Tan Yunxian. C.James Barry. D.Rebecca Lee Crumpler. 3.[2021·新高考全国II卷C] A British woman who won a $1 million prize after she was named the World’s Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change,” she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort—whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star—into schools to work with and inspire children. Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I’ve seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by—their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists more than ever in our schools.” Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools.” It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries.” (　)28.What will Zafirakou do with her prize money? A.Make a movie. B.Build new schools. C.Run a project. D.Help local musicians. (　)29.What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools? A.It is particularly difficult. B.It increases artists’ income. C.It opens children’s mind. D.It deserves greater attention. (　)30.What should be stressed in school education according to Schama? A.Moral principles. B.Interpersonal skills. C.Creative abilities. D.Positive worldviews. (　)31.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A.Bring artists to schools B.When historians meet artists C.Arts education in Britain D.The world’s best arts teacher 4.[2023·辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体高三二模] Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done. 1.　　　　 But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. It is because our life is complicated and tough. And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must. 2.　　　　 We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.  What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. 3.　　　　 It is only for his undefeated perseverance that we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.  4.　　　　 He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.  All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. 5.　　　　 If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful nation in the near future.  A.Every action has its reaction. B.It is a unique precondition for success in life. C.In human life, perseverance plays a very important role. D.Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us. E.Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance. F.The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy. G.He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance. 5. [2020·全国新高考I卷七选五] Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 16.　　　　 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.   People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”. 17.　　　　 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.   Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 per cent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 18.　　　　   Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 19.　　　　 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practise their skills on a consistent basis.   20.　　　　 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.   A. Do the opposite. B. You want to be an effective public speaker. C. You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 二、语法填空 1.[2023·四川成都、绵阳五校高三适应性考试] Five outstanding researchers received this year’s L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Award at a ceremony in Paris, France 1.　　　　　　 Friday evening for their pioneering research in the life sciences. One of the 2.　　　　　　 (receive) was Chinese ancient vertebrates (脊椎动物) scientist Zhang Miman.  82-year-old Zhang, also 3.　　　　　　(know) as Meemann Chang, is a palaeontologist (古生物学家) at the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology (IVPP). Many species, such as the extinct fish Meemannia, have been named in honour of her. In 2016, Zhang 4.　　　　　　 (give) the Romer-Simpson Lifetime Achievement Award, 5.　　　　　　 is the highest prize in vertebrate palaeontology.  “She was appointed for her pioneering work on fossil (化石) records 6.　　　　　　 (lead) to a clear understanding of how oceanic vertebrates adapted to life on land,” UNESCO said in a statement. Zhang is the 7.　　　　　　 (five) Chinese female scientist to win the award. The other four winners 8.　　　　　　(be) from South Africa, the UK, Argentina and Canada.  As 9.　　　　　　 result of a partnership between French company L’Oreal and UNESCO, the L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science foundation was founded in 1998 10.　　　　　　 (encourage) equality in science. Each winner will be awarded $100,000 as part of their prize.  2. [2019·全国卷II] A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for 61. 　　　　(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62. 　　　　she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63. 　　　　(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.  Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene 64. 　　　　(declare) she had no plans 65. 　　　　(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66. 　　　　(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67. 　　　　because I want to.”  Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68. 　　　　(say) she was short-listed,we thought it was 69. 　　　　joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 70. 　　　　(wonder).”  三、应用文写作 1.[2023·全国甲卷]你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿,内容包括: 1. 人物简介及事迹; 2. 意义或启示。 注意: 1. 词数100左右; 2. 题目已为你写好。 A historical figure in China _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $