精品解析：北京市朝阳区北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题

北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年1月阶段测评 高三英语试题 (考试时间 90分钟 满分100分) 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，共30分) 第一节 完型填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yesterday, my brother, Max, and I were playing around, hitting each other with pillows, when one slipped and ___1___ the glass dome; shattering it into pieces! Hearing the crash and the sound of glass hitting the floor, my mom came flying into the room to find out what had happened. I was sure she was going to start yelling at us. ____2____, she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry. This made Max and me feel pretty ____3____. We went over and put our arms around her, and she explained there was a white porcelain rose under the glass dome. Dad had____4____the rose to her on their first wedding anniversary. The porcelain rose was like their love — it would last a lifetime. Now it was broken, one petal gone. As mom began to pick up the mess, we tried everything we could to cheer her up, but even our best funny faces didn’t ____5____. The tears kept coming down her cheeks. After everything was ___6___ and mom was on her way to the bath, I stopped her in the hall. I put both hands on her shoulders and told her, “All things can be broken, mom. But love is the only thing that can never be broken.” Mom ___7___ me very tightly then and finally smiled. After dinner that night, we had a family meeting. We discussed ____8____, and the importance of learning from them. Mom ___9___ the petal back onto the rose. The tiny petal now had a thin, almost invisible line of glue. Then Mom softly said, “This tiny flaw of the rose reminds me of something more important: the realization that only _____10_____ lasts forever.” 1. A. kicked B. broke C. raised D. held 2. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Instead 3. A. awful B. relaxed C. annoyed D. excited 4. A. shown B. presented C. lent D. sold 5. A. react B. matter C. work D. appear 6. A. cleaned up B. used up C. washed up D. cut up 7 A. followed B. pulled C. dragged D. hugged 8. A. solutions B. ideas C. questions D. mistakes 9. A. sewed B. glued C. put D. tied 10. A. friendship B. gratitude C. love D. forgiveness 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分;共 15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 China had its own rich tradition of winter sports — Bingxi, or ice play. As a cultural predecessor to today’s ice competitions, Bingxi, or ice play share ____11____ (similar) with modern winter sports like figure skating, ice hockey, and speed skating. Bingxi as a form of performance for the court began in Song dynasty (960-1279) and reached its peak during Qing (1644-1911). Each year after the winter solstice (in late December), grand ice festivals ____12____ (hold) for the enjoyment of the royal family. A Bingxi painting in the collection of the Palace Museum depicts scenes of Bingxi during Qing dynasty. A closer look at the painting will show the connections between ____13____ ancient Chinese people enjoyed playing on ice and modern day competitive sports. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The Internet ____14____ (become) an essential part of our daily life since it came into being, connecting people across the globe in ways never imagined before. It provides us with instant access ____15____ information and allows us to share ideas freely. However, we must be aware that not all content online is reliable; some may be misleading or even harmful. To use it wisely, one should learn to judge sources with care and develop the ability to think _____16_____ (critical). Moreover, the Internet offers opportunities for learning new skills, _____17_____ (help) users gain the knowledge that can enrich their lives. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In September 2024, two young Frenchmen quit their jobs in Paris and set off from their hometown on an extraordinary journey to reach Shanghai on foot. What made China their ultimate destination was its allure as a land of contrasts — ____18____ ancient civilization meets rapid modernization, a place they knew little about from their everyday lives in France. To prepare for the journey, they carefully mapped out their route, hoping ____19____ (avoid) surprises in a region unfamiliar to them. However, China exceeded their expectations in every way. ____20____ (strike) by the country’s diverse and stunning landscapes, they were amazed by the modernity of urban life. “Everything was very different,” Michel said. “There were lots of new and modern facilities, and we had to learn all the new digital habits.” 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节， 共38分) 第一节(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A There are many ways to get involved and volunteer at the National Museum of American History. Becoming a Museum Ambassador is one of them. To learn more about this volunteer program, please see the descriptions below. Museum Ambassadors at the American History Museum are a mobile source of information that helps bridge the gap between two other volunteer groups here at the museum — information desk specialists, who provide orientation (方向) assistance when guests arrive, and volunteer docents (讲师), who provide Highlights tours, facilitate hands-on demonstrations and circulate through many of our exhibitions to interact with visitors. Each year, our Museum Ambassadors help over 100,000 people get the most out of their visits by welcoming groups, circulating throughout the museum's public zones to answer basic questions, and directing visitors to programs and exhibitions of interest. The museum has also employed the Museum Ambassadors to assist with special projects and events as needed. To learn more about what Museum Ambassadors do, check out what Larry has said, “As museum ambassadors, we get to share in the curiosity of a child, the nostalgia (怀旧) of returning visitors, the treasure hunt of students assigned to find important historical objects, and the amazement of those experiencing our eye on the nation's history for the first time. We can help recommend a meaningful museum visit just for you. There's more. We're also traffic cops when elevators and escalators break and extra eyes for museum security." If you enjoy… •interacting with diverse audiences, age groups and learning styles. •working in an often busy and changing environment If you have… •strong interpersonal and communication skills. •an interest in history and communication. If you can… commit to three shifts a month (weekday Ambassadors) or twice a month (weekend Ambassadors). The museum is open 364 days a year, including weekends and holidays. •handle frequent walking, standing, and talking. To Apply To learn more information about the application process, please contact Ruth Shirley. NOTE: Acceptance into the program is subject to successful completion of an interview and background investigation. 21. Which one is the responsibility of Museum Ambassadors? A. To receive visitors at the entrance. B. To take full charge of museum security. C. To direct visitors to their exhibitions of interest. D. To help visitors with hands-on demonstrations 22. A qualified Museum Ambassador should________. A. enjoy communicating with people B. speak at least two foreign languages C. have academic background in history D. commit to working three shifts at weekends 23. The author writes this passage mainly to__________. A. introduce volunteer programs for teenagers B. provide special tours to meet different needs C. invite people to visit the American History Museum D. attract potential applicants for Museum Ambassadors B In the glittering world of Olympic figure skating, where every move is judged under the harshest of lights, failures can be brutally exposed. It was during one such moment that Mario, a once-promising star, stumbled and fell, his dream crashing down with the thud (砰的一声) of the skate blades on the ice. The initial shock was followed by a deep sense of despair. Doubts crept in, whispering that he might never rise again. Each day seemed darker than the last, as Mario struggled to find his footing in a world that suddenly felt so alien and unforgiving of himself. But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. He remembered the countless hours of training, the sacrifices made, and the love for the sport that had burned so brightly before. Slowly, he picked himself up, dusted off the ice shards of defeat, and began to skate again. This time, it was different. Each fall became a lesson, each mistake an opportunity for growth. He learned to embrace his failures, using them as stepping stones to greater heights. With renewed determination, Mario pushed himself harder, skating with a newfound grace and power. Finally, the day arrived when our hero stepped onto the Olympic ice once more. This time, there was no fear, only focus. As the music swelled and he began his routine, every move flowed with effortless elegance. When the final note rang out, he knew he had done it. This young man had risen from the ashes of failure and embraced success again, stronger and more brilliant than before. As the crowd erupted in applause and the athlete stood center ice, a single tear traced down his cheek. It was a tear of joy, relief, and pride — a testament to the journey he had endured. At that moment, he understood that failure was not the end, but rather a beginning — a chance to rise stronger, wiser, and more determined. And so, Mario smiled, knowing that the road ahead, no matter how bumpy, would be filled with the sweet taste of victory and the knowledge that true success comes from overcoming the toughest challenges. 24 The figure skater felt so unforgiving of himself because . A. he fell and crashed down B. he failed the competition C. he struggled to stand on the ice D. his skate blades tripped on the ice 25 How did the athlete adjust himself back to the ice stage? A. He embraced all the tests to the journey. B. He acknowledged the failure and cheered himself up. C. He practiced more than before and endured all pains and hurts. D. He changed himself into a stronger, smarter and more powerful man. 26. Mario is a young man with the merit of . A. toughness and sentiments B. hard work and elegance C. perseverance and resilience D. generosity and humility 27. What can we learn from this story? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Chances favor the prepared mind. C. Constant dripping wears away the stone. D. What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. C Games have captivated humans for millennia, with a history dating back to ancient Hindu hymns that compared dice games to an addictive drug. The world’s first casino in Renaissance Venice even led to the bankruptcy of the ruling class. Today, the gaming market is as large as all other forms of entertainment combined. While play is often seen as trivial, it is evolutionarily ancient — many mammals, birds, and even insects engage in it. For neuroscientists, studying play is challenging because it’s difficult to suppress, revealing its deep roots in human and animal behavior. But why is play so deeply ingrained (根深蒂固的)? The brain builds models of the world to anticipate events, and games are centered on uncertainty. Unpredictability signals something is missing in the brain’s model, prompting curiosity and further learning. Children, for example, stop playing tic-tac-toe once they realize it always ends in a draw. Through play, we learn to handle the unknown. Animals, particularly social ones, play to explore their environment and understand each other. Research on young rats shows that play is essential for brain development. Play-deprived rats are more aggressive and struggle with social cues. Similarly, kittens learn to control their claws and bite gently through play. Long before modern neuroscientists, philosophers like Plato believed games were crucial for teaching children to follow rules. Medieval aristocrats learned chess to understand their character, and the ancient game of Go was praised for sharpening insight. Ultimately, competitive games teach us to cooperate, obey rules, and pursue goals fairly. Games also serve as a medium for moral lessons. Games like Snakes and Ladders and the Mansion of Happiness taught players about karma (因果报应) and virtues versus vices. Through play, we consider other people’s desires and strategies, laying the foundation for empathy. In the Renaissance, gamblers who studied dice to gain an advantage helped develop probability theory. This formalization of randomness revolutionized mathematics and science, as chance could now be studied and systematized. Probability theory later became a key component of the scientific revolution, though its application in real-world events has led to issues like the replication crises in science. Today, probability theory is foundational in business and economics, with stock markets and financial derivatives using similar principles. Games also shape modern social and economic systems. Game designers, like Reiner Knizia, emphasize the importance of scoring systems to influence behavior. In games like Monopoly, players must act like capitalists to win, regardless of personal values. Corporations design games that influence our choices, from ads to apps. Understanding how these games shape our behavior is crucial to ensuring we retain control over our values rather than letting the games play us. 28. Play is deeply rooted in human in that it . A. enhances brain development B. establishes new brain models C. functions as an addictive drug D. helps tackle uncertainty and learn 29. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Animals use play to teach appropriate social behaviors. B. Showing empathy results in better performance in play. C. People should recognize how games influence decisions. D. Games bring about revolutions in math and scientific fields. 30. The passage intends to . A. explain the evolution of games throughout history B. analyze the impact of play on the entertainment industry C. introduce the role of games in current economic systems D. stress the importance of play in human and animal development D Most environmental pollution comes from humans and their inventions. The electric bulbs are thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time. However, too much of a good thing has started to negatively impact the environment. Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, is affecting human health and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help. Light pollution is a global issue. This became particularly obvious when the World Atlas (地图册)of Night Sky Brightness, a computer-generated map based on thousands of satellite photos, was published in 2016. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia are glowing with light, while only Siberia, the Sahara, and the Amazon are in total darkness. Artificial light can wreak havoc on natural body rhythms in both humans and animals. It interrupts sleep and confuses the circadian rhythm(生理节奏)一the internal, twenty-four-hour clock that guides day and night activities and affects physiological processes in nearly all living organisms. One of these processes is the production of the hormone melatonin(褪黑素), which is released when it is dark and is prevented when there is light. An increased amount of light at night lowers melatonin production, which results in lack of sleep, headaches, stress, anxiety, and other health problems. Blue light, in particular, has been shown to reduce levels of melatonin in humans. It is found in cell phones and other computer devices, as well as in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the kinds of bulbs that have become popular at home and in industrial and city lighting due to their low cost and energy efficiency. Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration (迁徙)patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die. Large numbers of insects, a primary food source for birds and other animals, are drawn to artificial light and are instantly killed upon contact with light sources. Even animals living under the deep sea may be affected by underwater artificial lighting. One study looked at how animals in sea responded to brightly lit panels put under water off the coast of Wales. Fewer filter feeding animals(滤食性动物), such as the sea squirt(海鞘), made their homes near the lighted panels. This could mean that the artificial light is altering ocean ecosystems. The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other forms of pollution, is reversible(可逆的)and each one of us can make a difference! Now, many people are taking action to reduce light pollution and bring back the natural night sky. Individuals are urged to use outdoor lighting only when and where it is needed, to make sure outdoor lights are properly shielded (遮挡)and direct light down instead of up into the sky, and to close window blinds, shades, and curtains at night to keep light inside. 31. What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Para. 3 probably mean? A. Greatly improve. B. Well maintain. C. Strictly manage. D. Seriously damage. 32. According to the passage, which would the author agree with? A. Light pollution was first studied as a global issue in 2016. B. Deep-sea environment can help animals avoid light pollution. C. Artificial light affects the sense of direction and habits of animals. D. LEDs can be used more because of low cost and energy efficiency. 33. What is the author’s attitude towards the control of light pollution? A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Positive. 34. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To call on people to reduce light pollution. B To discuss fors and againsts of artificial light. C. To give suggestions to protect environment. D. To show development prospect of artificial light. 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。 Does Waking Up Early Benefit Everyone? We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3:45 a.m. – and, as we know, “the early bird catches the worm.” But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a trait most of them share? And if you are not an early bird, are you really doomed to a less successful life? ___35___ It’s estimated that some 50% of the population isn’t really morning or evening-oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Numerous studies have found that morning people are more persistent, self-directed and agreeable, while night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 a.m. just yet.___36___ “If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff, who studies chronobiology (生物钟学) and sleep. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin ( 褪 黑 素 ). “___37___ That can have lots of negative physiological consequences,” Wulff says. In many ways, that makes sense, since research shows that our chronotype ( 睡眠类型), or internal clock, is mainly biological. Up to 47% of it is inherited, which means if you want to know why you pop up at dawn each day (or never do), you should probably look at your parents. ___38___ Children tend toward morning, with a peak shift toward night around age 20 and a slight change back toward morning at around age 50. In our rush to figure out the ‘secrets’ of success, we tend to forget a couple of things. First, not all high achievers are early risers, and not all early risers are successful. More importantly, things that are connected don’t necessarily cause the events. ___39___ A. And your preference does change as you age. B. For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. C. Then you interrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. D. As it turns out, changing your sleep times may not have much effect. E. And shifting someone’s chronotype doesn’t necessarily change these traits. F. In other words, it’s not clear that waking up early itself provides the benefit. G. However, morning exposure to bright light and avoiding light at night can help. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节， 32分) 第一节 阅读表达(共4小题，第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 My path was long to recognizing my vocation (职业) , much longer than it had to be. My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. No matter how much I loved to read and write, it never occurred to me to major in anything else. I had been curious about biology and psychology in high school, so when I knew Columbia offered a joint major in the two fields, I chose it on the spot. The feeling, other than excitement, was one of relief. I couldn’t bear the uncertainty that college represented. Instead of opening options up, I needed to shut them down. I had locked up three-quarters of my courses for the next four years, and I hadn’t even gone to a single class. There was no one there to stop me. I would mope (消沉) in the back of those lectures, reading a novel behind my notebook, unaware of the fact that I was trying to tell myself something. I don’t know exactly when things went wrong with my chosen course of study. By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. I ended up working in a tiny nonprofit that meant nothing to me, with no idea where I should go next. And then I happened to be visiting a friend in architecture school. She wasn’t happy, either; her program was way too pretentious and theoretical. We were walking along and she said, “I have to get out of graduate school. ” And I immediately thought “I have to go to graduate school. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance to study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s not too late - I’m not going to let it be too late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm. It wasn’t easy getting in at that point. But for the first time in a long while, I performed at the top of my ability. I’d study for eighty hours a week and I had never been happier. 40. What family factor (s) influenced the author’s choice of major? ___________________________________________________ 41. What did the author realize at college? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. ___________________________________________________ 43. What have you learned from the author’s experience of choosing a major in college? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ 第二节 写作(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校上个月举办了九十周年校庆活动。英国交换生Jim听闻后，对此活动非常感兴趣，请你给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1. 校庆活动介绍； 2. 你的感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年1月阶段测评 高三英语试题 (考试时间 90分钟 满分100分) 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，共30分) 第一节 完型填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yesterday, my brother, Max, and I were playing around, hitting each other with pillows, when one slipped and ___1___ the glass dome; shattering it into pieces! Hearing the crash and the sound of glass hitting the floor, my mom came flying into the room to find out what had happened. I was sure she was going to start yelling at us. ____2____, she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry. This made Max and me feel pretty ____3____. We went over and put our arms around her, and she explained there was a white porcelain rose under the glass dome. Dad had____4____the rose to her on their first wedding anniversary. The porcelain rose was like their love — it would last a lifetime. Now it was broken, one petal gone. As mom began to pick up the mess, we tried everything we could to cheer her up, but even our best funny faces didn’t ____5____. The tears kept coming down her cheeks. After everything was ___6___ and mom was on her way to the bath, I stopped her in the hall. I put both hands on her shoulders and told her, “All things can be broken, mom. But love is the only thing that can never be broken.” Mom ___7___ me very tightly then and finally smiled. After dinner that night, we had a family meeting. We discussed ____8____, and the importance of learning from them. Mom ___9___ the petal back onto the rose. The tiny petal now had a thin, almost invisible line of glue. Then Mom softly said, “This tiny flaw of the rose reminds me of something more important: the realization that only _____10_____ lasts forever.” 1. A. kicked B. broke C. raised D. held 2. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Instead 3. A. awful B. relaxed C. annoyed D. excited 4. A. shown B. presented C. lent D. sold 5. A. react B. matter C. work D. appear 6. A. cleaned up B. used up C. washed up D. cut up 7 A. followed B. pulled C. dragged D. hugged 8. A. solutions B. ideas C. questions D. mistakes 9. A. sewed B. glued C. put D. tied 10. A. friendship B. gratitude C. love D. forgiveness 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和弟弟在玩时打碎了父亲送给母亲的结婚周年礼物白色瓷玫瑰花瓶，母亲很伤心。作者和弟弟感到很惭愧，想尽一些努力使母亲高兴起来。最终母亲修复了花瓶，并表示这个小小的瑕疵提醒了她，只有爱是永恒的。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，我弟弟麦克斯和我在玩，用枕头互相打对方，其中一个滑落了，把玻璃圆顶打碎了；把它打得粉碎！A. kicked踢；B. broke打碎；C. raised募集；D. held举着。下文“shattering it into pieces”提到把它打得粉碎。由此可知，此处应表示作者和弟弟在玩的时候，把玻璃圆顶打碎了。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她只是跪在碎片旁边哭了起来。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Instead相反的是。根据上文“I was sure she was going to start yelling at us.”以及下文“she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry”可知，上下文形成转折关系。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我和麦克斯感觉很糟糕。A. awful糟糕的；B. relaxed放松的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. excited激动的。根据上文提到的母亲跪在碎片旁边哭了起来，以及下文“We went over and put our arms around her”可知，此处应表示作者和弟弟感觉很糟糕。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们结婚一周年纪念日那天，爸爸把这朵瓷玫瑰送给了她。A. shown展示；B. presented赠送；C. lent借出；D. sold销售。根据下文“on their first wedding anniversary”以及“The porcelain rose was like their love — it would last a lifetime.”可知，此处应表示在他们结婚一周年纪念日那天，爸爸把这朵瓷玫瑰送给了她。present sth to sb“把……送给某人”。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈开始收拾残局时，我们想尽一切办法让她高兴起来，但即使是我们最滑稽的表情也不起作用。A. react反应；B. matter要紧；C. work起作用，工作；D. appear出现。上文“we tried everything we could to cheer her up”提到我们想尽一切办法让她高兴起来，结合but转折可知，此处应表示即使是我们最滑稽的表情也不起作用。故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一切都打扫干净了，妈妈正要去洗澡，我在走廊里拦住了她。A. cleaned up打扫干净；B. used up用完；C. washed up洗脸洗手；D. cut up切碎。上文“As mom began to pick up the mess”提到妈妈开始收拾残局，结合下文“mom was on her way to the bath”可知，此处应表示一切都打扫干净了，妈妈要去洗澡。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈紧紧地拥抱着我，最后笑了。A. followed跟随；B. pulled拉；C. dragged拖；D. hugged拥抱。根据上文“I put both hands on her shoulders”以及下文“and finally smiled”可知，此处应表示妈妈紧紧地拥抱着作者，最后笑了。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们讨论了错误，以及从中学习的重要性。A. solutions解决办法；B. ideas主意；C. questions问题；D. mistakes错误。根据上文提到的作者和弟弟把玻璃圆顶打碎了，以及下文“and the importance of learning from them”可知，此处应表示我们讨论了错误，以及从中学习的重要性。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把花瓣粘在玫瑰上。A. sewed缝补；B. glued用胶水粘；C. put放；D. tied系。根据下文“almost invisible line of glue”可知，此处应表示妈妈把花瓣粘在玫瑰上。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后妈妈轻轻地说：“玫瑰上的这个小瑕疵让我想起了更重要的事情：只有爱才是永恒的。”A. friendship友谊；B. gratitude感激；C. love爱；D. forgiveness原谅。根据上文提到的“But love is the only thing that can never be broken”可知，此处应表示只有爱才是永恒的。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分;共 15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 China had its own rich tradition of winter sports — Bingxi, or ice play. As a cultural predecessor to today’s ice competitions, Bingxi, or ice play share ____11____ (similar) with modern winter sports like figure skating, ice hockey, and speed skating. Bingxi as a form of performance for the court began in Song dynasty (960-1279) and reached its peak during Qing (1644-1911). Each year after the winter solstice (in late December), grand ice festivals ____12____ (hold) for the enjoyment of the royal family. A Bingxi painting in the collection of the Palace Museum depicts scenes of Bingxi during Qing dynasty. A closer look at the painting will show the connections between ____13____ ancient Chinese people enjoyed playing on ice and modern day competitive sports. 【答案】11. similarities 12. were held 13. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统冬季运动冰嬉的相关情况，包括其与现代冬季运动的相似性、发展历程以及通过故宫的相关画作可看出其冰上活动方式与现代竞技体育的联系。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为如今冰上赛事的文化前身，冰嬉（或称冰上游戏）与花样滑冰、冰球和速度滑冰等现代冬季运动有着相似之处。空格前是动词share，其后需要接名词作宾语，形容词similar的名词形式为similarity“相似之处”。share similarities with sth.是固定搭配，意为“与某物有相似之处”，且此处泛指“多种相似之处”。故填similarities。 【12题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：每年冬至之后（12月下旬），都会举办盛大的冰上节日，供皇室成员消遣娱乐。空处作谓语，句子主语grand ice festivals与动词hold是被动关系，此处时间背景为宋、清时期，是过去的时间，且主语为复数，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态的复数形式were held。故填were held。 【13题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：仔细观赏这幅画作，就能发现中国古代人享受冰上娱乐的方式与现代竞技体育之间的联系。空格前是介词between，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语，表示“中国古代人享受冰上娱乐的方式”，因此应用连接副词how来引导。故填how。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The Internet ____14____ (become) an essential part of our daily life since it came into being, connecting people across the globe in ways never imagined before. It provides us with instant access ____15____ information and allows us to share ideas freely. However, we must be aware that not all content online is reliable; some may be misleading or even harmful. To use it wisely, one should learn to judge sources with care and develop the ability to think _____16_____ (critical). Moreover, the Internet offers opportunities for learning new skills, _____17_____ (help) users gain the knowledge that can enrich their lives. 【答案】14. has become 15. to 16. critically 17. helping 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了互联网已成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，它既为人们提供了获取信息、分享想法和学习新技能的便利，也提醒人们要明智地使用互联网，谨慎辨别网络信息并培养批判性思维。 【14题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：互联网自诞生以来，就已成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，以前所未有的方式将全球各地的人们联系在一起。空处作谓语，根据时间状语since it came into being可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语The Internet是单数，因此应用has become。故填has become。 【15题详解】 考查介词。句意：它为我们提供了即时获取信息的途径，并允许我们自由地分享想法。access to sth.是固定短语，意为“使用……的机会；获取……的途径”，provide us with instant access to information表示“为我们提供即时获取信息的途径”。故填to。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：为了明智地使用互联网，人们应该学会谨慎判断信息来源，并培养批判性思考的能力。空格前think是动词，需要用副词来修饰，形容词critical的副词形式为critically，think critically表示“批判性地思考”，符合语境。故填critically。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，互联网提供了学习新技能的机会，帮助用户获得能够丰富其生活的知识。句子的主句是the Internet offers opportunities for learning new skills，空格后是补充说明主句动作带来的自然结果，help与逻辑主语the Internet是主动关系，因此应用现在分词helping作结果状语。故填helping。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In September 2024, two young Frenchmen quit their jobs in Paris and set off from their hometown on an extraordinary journey to reach Shanghai on foot. What made China their ultimate destination was its allure as a land of contrasts — ____18____ ancient civilization meets rapid modernization, a place they knew little about from their everyday lives in France. To prepare for the journey, they carefully mapped out their route, hoping ____19____ (avoid) surprises in a region unfamiliar to them. However, China exceeded their expectations in every way. ____20____ (strike) by the country’s diverse and stunning landscapes, they were amazed by the modernity of urban life. “Everything was very different,” Michel said. “There were lots of new and modern facilities, and we had to learn all the new digital habits.” 【答案】18. where 19. to avoid 20. Struck##Stricken 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了两名法国年轻人2024年9月辞职后，从家乡徒步前往上海的非凡旅程，以及中国给他们带来的超出预期的感受。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：让中国成为他们最终目的地的是它作为一个充满反差之地的魅力——在这里，古老文明与快速现代化交融，一个他们在法国日常生活中知之甚少的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a land of contrasts，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了准备这次旅行，他们仔细规划了路线，希望能避免在这个他们不熟悉的地区出现意外。hope to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”，此处用不定式作宾语，故填to avoid。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。句意：被这个国家多样而迷人的风景所震撼，他们对城市生活的现代化感到惊叹。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语动词作状语，主语they与strike之间是被动关系，即“被震撼”，j句首单词首字母大写，故填Struck/Stricken。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节， 共38分) 第一节(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A There are many ways to get involved and volunteer at the National Museum of American History. Becoming a Museum Ambassador is one of them. To learn more about this volunteer program, please see the descriptions below. Museum Ambassadors at the American History Museum are a mobile source of information that helps bridge the gap between two other volunteer groups here at the museum — information desk specialists, who provide orientation (方向) assistance when guests arrive, and volunteer docents (讲师), who provide Highlights tours, facilitate hands-on demonstrations and circulate through many of our exhibitions to interact with visitors. Each year, our Museum Ambassadors help over 100,000 people get the most out of their visits by welcoming groups, circulating throughout the museum's public zones to answer basic questions, and directing visitors to programs and exhibitions of interest. The museum has also employed the Museum Ambassadors to assist with special projects and events as needed. To learn more about what Museum Ambassadors do, check out what Larry has said, “As museum ambassadors, we get to share in the curiosity of a child, the nostalgia (怀旧) of returning visitors, the treasure hunt of students assigned to find important historical objects, and the amazement of those experiencing our eye on the nation's history for the first time. We can help recommend a meaningful museum visit just for you. There's more. We're also traffic cops when elevators and escalators break and extra eyes for museum security." If you enjoy… •interacting with diverse audiences, age groups and learning styles. •working in an often busy and changing environment. If you have… •strong interpersonal and communication skills. •an interest in history and communication. If you can… commit to three shifts a month (weekday Ambassadors) or twice a month (weekend Ambassadors). The museum is open 364 days a year, including weekends and holidays. •handle frequent walking, standing, and talking. To Apply To learn more information about the application process, please contact Ruth Shirley. NOTE: Acceptance into the program is subject to successful completion of an interview and background investigation. 21. Which one is the responsibility of Museum Ambassadors? A. To receive visitors at the entrance. B. To take full charge of museum security. C. To direct visitors to their exhibitions of interest. D. To help visitors with hands-on demonstrations 22. A qualified Museum Ambassador should________. A. enjoy communicating with people B. speak at least two foreign languages C. have academic background in history D. commit to working three shifts at weekends 23. The author writes this passage mainly to__________. A. introduce volunteer programs for teenagers B. provide special tours to meet different needs C. invite people to visit the American History Museum D. attract potential applicants for Museum Ambassadors 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要通过介绍博物馆大使这个志愿者工作，来吸引有意申请博物馆大使的人士。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each year, our Museum Ambassadors help over 100,000 people get the most out of their visits by welcoming groups, circulating throughout the museum's public zones to answer basic questions, and directing visitors to programs and exhibitions of interest.(每年，我们的博物馆大使所做的是欢迎游客，在博物馆的公共区域巡回且回答游客的基本问题，并引导参观者参观感兴趣的项目和展览，通过做这些，我们的博物馆大使帮助了超过10万人，使他们在自己的旅游参观中有最大的收获。)”可知，博物馆大使的职责之一就是引导游客参观他们感兴趣的展览。故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据If you have…部分“•strong interpersonal and communication skills.•an interest in history and communication. (较强的人际交往和沟通能力。对历史和沟通有兴趣。)”可知，一个合格的博物馆大使应该是喜欢与人交流和沟通，A项“enjoy communicating with people (喜欢和人交流)”符合，B项“speak at least two foreign languages (至少会说两种外语)”文中没有提到，C项“have academic background in history (具有历史学术背景)”文中也没有提到，文中只提到对历史感兴趣，所以C不对；根据If you can…部分中“twice a month (weekend Ambassadors). (一月两次换班（周末大使）)”可知，D选项“commit to working three shifts at weekends (承诺周末三班倒)”不符，故选A。 3.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段主要介绍了成为博物馆大使，可以在美国历史博物馆做志愿者。第二段主要介绍了博物馆大使的职责。第三段介绍了成为博物馆大使的一些好处。接着文章从申请人的意愿，条件，要求，申请等几个方面介绍博物馆大使的工作。所以可以得知，文章主要目的是为了吸引有意申请博物馆大使的人士，故选D。 B In the glittering world of Olympic figure skating, where every move is judged under the harshest of lights, failures can be brutally exposed. It was during one such moment that Mario, a once-promising star, stumbled and fell, his dream crashing down with the thud (砰的一声) of the skate blades on the ice. The initial shock was followed by a deep sense of despair. Doubts crept in, whispering that he might never rise again. Each day seemed darker than the last, as Mario struggled to find his footing in a world that suddenly felt so alien and unforgiving of himself. But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. He remembered the countless hours of training, the sacrifices made, and the love for the sport that had burned so brightly before. Slowly, he picked himself up, dusted off the ice shards of defeat, and began to skate again. This time, it was different. Each fall became a lesson, each mistake an opportunity for growth. He learned to embrace his failures, using them as stepping stones to greater heights. With renewed determination, Mario pushed himself harder, skating with a newfound grace and power. Finally, the day arrived when our hero stepped onto the Olympic ice once more. This time, there was no fear, only focus. As the music swelled and he began his routine, every move flowed with effortless elegance. When the final note rang out, he knew he had done it. This young man had risen from the ashes of failure and embraced success again, stronger and more brilliant than before. As the crowd erupted in applause and the athlete stood center ice, a single tear traced down his cheek. It was a tear of joy, relief, and pride — a testament to the journey he had endured. At that moment, he understood that failure was not the end, but rather a beginning — a chance to rise stronger, wiser, and more determined. And so, Mario smiled, knowing that the road ahead, no matter how bumpy, would be filled with the sweet taste of victory and the knowledge that true success comes from overcoming the toughest challenges. 24 The figure skater felt so unforgiving of himself because . A. he fell and crashed down B. he failed the competition C. he struggled to stand on the ice D. his skate blades tripped on the ice 25. How did the athlete adjust himself back to the ice stage? A. He embraced all the tests to the journey. B. He acknowledged the failure and cheered himself up. C. He practiced more than before and endured all pains and hurts. D. He changed himself into a stronger, smarter and more powerful man. 26. Mario is a young man with the merit of . A. toughness and sentiments B. hard work and elegance C. perseverance and resilience D. generosity and humility 27. What can we learn from this story? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Chances favor the prepared mind. C. Constant dripping wears away the stone. D. What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. 【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位花滑运动员经历赛场失利后，心里上一度绝望并对自己产生怀疑，但经过自我调整，最终重获辉煌的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It was during one such moment that Mario, a once-promising star, stumbled and fell, his dream crashing down with the thud (砰的一声) of the skate blades on the ice.(就在这样一个关键时刻，马里奥——这位曾经前途无量的明星——失足摔倒了，他的梦想也随之轰然破碎，伴随着冰刀在冰面上的撞击声而彻底破灭)”可知，这位花样滑冰运动员对自己苛责，因为他在这次比赛中失利了。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. He remembered the countless hours of training, the sacrifices made, and the love for the sport that had burned so brightly before. Slowly, he picked himself up, dusted off the ice shards of defeat, and began to skate again.(但在这黑暗之中，马里奥开始原谅自己，并接受了现实。他回想起无数的训练时光、所做出的牺牲以及曾经那炽热的对这项运动的热爱。慢慢地，他重新振作起来，拂去失败留下的冰屑，再次踏上了滑冰的旅程)”可知，这位运动员他接受了失败的事实，并为自己加油鼓劲。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. He remembered the countless hours of training, the sacrifices made, and the love for the sport that had burned so brightly before. Slowly, he picked himself up, dusted off the ice shards of defeat, and began to skate again.(但在这黑暗之中，马里奥开始原谅自己，并接受了现实。他回想起无数的训练时光、所做出的牺牲以及曾经那炽热的对这项运动的热爱。慢慢地，他重新振作起来，拂去失败留下的冰屑，再次踏上了滑冰的旅程)”以及第四段“He learned to embrace his failures, using them as stepping stones to greater heights. With renewed determination, Mario pushed himself harder, skating with a newfound grace and power.(他学会了坦然接受失败，并将其作为通往更高峰的垫脚石。马里奥重拾决心，更加努力地鞭策自己，滑行时尽显前所未有的优雅与力量)”可知，马里奥是一位具有坚韧不拔和韧性的年轻人。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“At that moment, he understood that failure was not the end, but rather a beginning — a chance to rise stronger, wiser, and more determined. And so, Mario smiled, knowing that the road ahead, no matter how bumpy, would be filled with the sweet taste of victory and the knowledge that true success comes from overcoming the toughest challenges.(就在那一刻，他明白了失败并非终点，而是一个新的开始——这是一个让自己变得更强大、更睿智、更有决心的机会。于是，马里奥微笑着，他知道前方的道路，无论多么崎岖，都将充满胜利的甜蜜滋味，并且他会明白真正的成功来自于战胜最艰难的挑战)”以及文章讲述了一位花滑运动员经历赛场失利后，心里上一度绝望并对自己产生怀疑，但经过自我调整，最终重获辉煌的故事。可知，故事告诉我们“那些杀不死你的东西只会让你变得更强大”。故选D。 C Games have captivated humans for millennia, with a history dating back to ancient Hindu hymns that compared dice games to an addictive drug. The world’s first casino in Renaissance Venice even led to the bankruptcy of the ruling class. Today, the gaming market is as large as all other forms of entertainment combined. While play is often seen as trivial, it is evolutionarily ancient — many mammals, birds, and even insects engage in it. For neuroscientists, studying play is challenging because it’s difficult to suppress, revealing its deep roots in human and animal behavior. But why is play so deeply ingrained (根深蒂固的)? The brain builds models of the world to anticipate events, and games are centered on uncertainty. Unpredictability signals something is missing in the brain’s model, prompting curiosity and further learning. Children, for example, stop playing tic-tac-toe once they realize it always ends in a draw. Through play, we learn to handle the unknown. Animals, particularly social ones, play to explore their environment and understand each other. Research on young rats shows that play is essential for brain development. Play-deprived rats are more aggressive and struggle with social cues. Similarly, kittens learn to control their claws and bite gently through play. Long before modern neuroscientists, philosophers like Plato believed games were crucial for teaching children to follow rules. Medieval aristocrats learned chess to understand their character, and the ancient game of Go was praised for sharpening insight. Ultimately, competitive games teach us to cooperate, obey rules, and pursue goals fairly. Games also serve as a medium for moral lessons. Games like Snakes and Ladders and the Mansion of Happiness taught players about karma (因果报应) and virtues versus vices. Through play, we consider other people’s desires and strategies, laying the foundation for empathy. In the Renaissance, gamblers who studied dice to gain an advantage helped develop probability theory. This formalization of randomness revolutionized mathematics and science, as chance could now be studied and systematized. Probability theory later became a key component of the scientific revolution, though its application in real-world events has led to issues like the replication crises in science. Today, probability theory is foundational in business and economics, with stock markets and financial derivatives using similar principles. Games also shape modern social and economic systems. Game designers, like Reiner Knizia, emphasize the importance of scoring systems to influence behavior. In games like Monopoly, players must act like capitalists to win, regardless of personal values. Corporations design games that influence our choices, from ads to apps. Understanding how these games shape our behavior is crucial to ensuring we retain control over our values rather than letting the games play us. 28. Play is deeply rooted in human in that it . A. enhances brain development B. establishes new brain models C. functions as an addictive drug D. helps tackle uncertainty and learn 29. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Animals use play to teach appropriate social behaviors. B. Showing empathy results in better performance in play. C. People should recognize how games influence decisions. D. Games bring about revolutions in math and scientific fields. 30. The passage intends to . A. explain the evolution of games throughout history B. analyze the impact of play on the entertainment industry C. introduce the role of games in current economic systems D. stress the importance of play in human and animal development 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。整篇文章的内容围绕游戏的深远历史和它在人类与动物行为、道德教育、科学发展及现代社会中的重要作用展开。通过不同的层面（从大脑科学到经济行为），作者阐述了游戏不仅仅是娱乐工具，它深刻影响着我们学习、社交、道德观念。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But why is play so deeply ingrained (根深蒂固的)? The brain builds models of the world to anticipate events, and games are centered on uncertainty. Unpredictability signals something is missing in the brain’s model, prompting curiosity and further learning. Children, for example, stop playing tic-tac-toe once they realize it always ends in a draw. Through play, we learn to handle the unknown.(但为什么玩耍会如此根深蒂固呢？大脑会构建关于世界的模型以预测各种事件，而游戏则围绕着不确定性展开。不确定性表明大脑的模型中存在缺失之处，从而激发好奇心并促进进一步的学习。例如，孩子们在意识到井字棋总是会以平局告终后，就会不再玩这个游戏。通过玩耍，我们学会了应对未知)”可知，游戏在人类生活中有着根深蒂固的地位，因为它有助于应对不确定性并促进学习。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Understanding how these games shape our behavior is crucial to ensuring we retain control over our values rather than letting the games play us.(了解这些游戏如何影响我们的行为，对于确保我们能够掌控自己的价值观，而非被这些游戏所左右，至关重要)”可知，人们应当认识到游戏对决策的影响。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“While play is often seen as trivial, it is evolutionarily ancient — many mammals, birds, and even insects engage in it. For neuroscientists, studying play is challenging because it’s difficult to suppress, revealing its deep roots in human and animal behavior.(虽然游戏通常被视为无关紧要行为，但从进化角度来看，它却历史悠久——许多哺乳动物、鸟类以及昆虫都会进行游戏活动。对于神经科学家而言，研究游戏颇具挑战性，因为很难抑制这种行为，这表明其在人类和动物行为中有着深厚的根源)”结合这篇文章重点介绍了游戏的重要性。介绍它是如何深深根植于人类和动物的行为、它在动物大脑发育、动物社会学习以及人类道德教学中的作用。游戏在历史和经济学的作用也属于人类发展的范畴。可知，文章旨在强调游戏在人类及动物成长过程中的重要性。故选D。 D Most environmental pollution comes from humans and their inventions. The electric bulbs are thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time. However, too much of a good thing has started to negatively impact the environment. Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, is affecting human health and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help. Light pollution is a global issue. This became particularly obvious when the World Atlas (地图册)of Night Sky Brightness, a computer-generated map based on thousands of satellite photos, was published in 2016. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia are glowing with light, while only Siberia, the Sahara, and the Amazon are in total darkness. Artificial light can wreak havoc on natural body rhythms in both humans and animals. It interrupts sleep and confuses the circadian rhythm(生理节奏)一the internal, twenty-four-hour clock that guides day and night activities and affects physiological processes in nearly all living organisms. One of these processes is the production of the hormone melatonin(褪黑素), which is released when it is dark and is prevented when there is light. An increased amount of light at night lowers melatonin production, which results in lack of sleep, headaches, stress, anxiety, and other health problems. Blue light, in particular, has been shown to reduce levels of melatonin in humans. It is found in cell phones and other computer devices, as well as in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the kinds of bulbs that have become popular at home and in industrial and city lighting due to their low cost and energy efficiency. Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration (迁徙)patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die. Large numbers of insects, a primary food source for birds and other animals, are drawn to artificial light and are instantly killed upon contact with light sources. Even animals living under the deep sea may be affected by underwater artificial lighting. One study looked at how animals in sea responded to brightly lit panels put under water off the coast of Wales. Fewer filter feeding animals(滤食性动物), such as the sea squirt(海鞘), made their homes near the lighted panels. This could mean that the artificial light is altering ocean ecosystems. The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other forms of pollution, is reversible(可逆的)and each one of us can make a difference! Now, many people are taking action to reduce light pollution and bring back the natural night sky. Individuals are urged to use outdoor lighting only when and where it is needed, to make sure outdoor lights are properly shielded (遮挡)and direct light down instead of up into the sky, and to close window blinds, shades, and curtains at night to keep light inside. 31. What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Para. 3 probably mean? A. Greatly improve. B. Well maintain. C. Strictly manage. D. Seriously damage. 32. According to the passage, which would the author agree with? A. Light pollution was first studied as a global issue in 2016. B. Deep-sea environment can help animals avoid light pollution. C. Artificial light affects the sense of direction and habits of animals. D. LEDs can be used more because of low cost and energy efficiency. 33. What is the author’s attitude towards the control of light pollution? A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Positive. 34. What is the main purpose of the passage? A To call on people to reduce light pollution. B. To discuss fors and againsts of artificial light. C. To give suggestions to protect environment. D. To show development prospect of artificial light. 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人造光对人类和动物的危害，呼吁我们要行动起来，减少光污染。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线短语下文“It interrupts sleep and confuses the circadian rhythm(生理节奏)一the internal, twenty-four-hour clock that guides day and night activities and affects physiological processes in nearly all living organisms. (它会干扰睡眠，扰乱昼夜节律——几乎所有生物体内指导昼夜活动并影响生理过程的24小时生物钟)”和下文提到的人造光对人类和动物造成的危害可知，人造光会打扰睡眠，扰乱生理节律，对人类和动物产生危害，结合划线短语所在句子“Artificial light can wreak havoc on natural body rhythms in both humans and animals.(人造光可以对人类和动物的自然节律wreak havoc on。)”可推知，人造光可以对人类和动物的自然节律造成严重破坏。由此可知，划线短语“wreak havoc on”意思与D项“严重损害”意思一样，故选D。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Studies show that light pollution is also impacting animal behaviors, such as migration (迁徙)patterns and habitat formation. Because of light pollution, sea turtles guided by moonlight during migration get confused, lose their way, and often die. (研究表明，光污染也影响动物的行为，如迁徙模式和栖息地的形成。由于光污染，在月光引导下的海龟在迁徙过程中容易迷路，甚至死亡。)”可知，人造光影响动物的方向感和习性。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other forms of pollution, is reversible(可逆的)and each one of us can make a difference! (好消息是，光污染，不像其他形式的污染，是可逆的，我们每个人都可以做出改变！)”可知，光污染是可逆的，每个人都可以做出改变，由此可推知，作者对光污染控制的态度是积极乐观的，故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Light pollution, the extreme or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, is affecting human health and wildlife behavior. There is a global movement to reduce light pollution, and everyone can help.(光污染，极端或不适当的使用户外人工光，正在影响人类健康和野生动物的行为。有一个减少光污染的全球运动，每个人都可以帮忙。)”可知，文章主要介绍了人造光对人类和动物的危害，呼吁我们要行动起来，减少光污染，所以文章的写作目的是呼吁人们减少光污染。故选A。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。 Does Waking Up Early Benefit Everyone? We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3:45 a.m. – and, as we know, “the early bird catches the worm.” But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a trait most of them share? And if you are not an early bird, are you really doomed to a less successful life? ___35___ It’s estimated that some 50% of the population isn’t really morning or evening-oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Numerous studies have found that morning people are more persistent, self-directed and agreeable, while night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 a.m. just yet.___36___ “If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff, who studies chronobiology (生物钟学) and sleep. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin ( 褪 黑 素 ). “___37___ That can have lots of negative physiological consequences,” Wulff says. In many ways, that makes sense, since research shows that our chronotype ( 睡眠类型), or internal clock, is mainly biological. Up to 47% of it is inherited, which means if you want to know why you pop up at dawn each day (or never do), you should probably look at your parents. ___38___ Children tend toward morning, with a peak shift toward night around age 20 and a slight change back toward morning at around age 50. In our rush to figure out the ‘secrets’ of success, we tend to forget a couple of things. First, not all high achievers are early risers, and not all early risers are successful. More importantly, things that are connected don’t necessarily cause the events. ___39___ A. And your preference does change as you age. B. For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. C. Then you interrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. D. As it turns out, changing your sleep times may not have much effect. E. And shifting someone’s chronotype doesn’t necessarily change these traits. F. In other words, it’s not clear that waking up early itself provides the benefit. G. However, morning exposure to bright light and avoiding light at night can help. 【答案】35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了早起不是对每个人都有好处，与是否成功也没有必然的联系。 【35题详解】 第一段最后一句说不能做到早起的人就注定不能成功吗？B选项中的this指代的就是这一观点，而且“about half of us”与空后的“some 50% of the population”意思一致，故B项（对于我们中半数人来说，这并不是什么大问题）符合语境。 【36题详解】 空前说请不要把闹表设置在早晨5点钟，此处承接上文，讲的还是改变睡眠时间的话题，故D项（事实证明，改变睡眠时间可能不会有太大影响）符合语境。 【37题详解】 空前说逼迫人们远离他们的自然偏好可能是有害的，例如，当夜猫子早起时，他们的身体仍在分泌褪黑素，此处承接上文，讲的还是夜猫子的身体分泌褪黑素这一话题，C项中的it指代的就是上一句中“分泌褪黑素这一过程”，故C项（然后你打断它，并推动身体进入日间模式）符合语境。 【38题详解】 根据空后的Children，age 20和age 50等年龄段可知，此处讲的是个人的偏好与年龄有一定的关系，故A项（而且你的偏好会随着年龄的增长而改变）符合语境。 【39题详解】 空前说不是所有的成功人士都是早起的人，也不是所有早起的人都是成功的，更重要的是，相互关联的事物不一定导致事件的发生，此处位于段末，是对上文的总结，故F项（换句话说，还不清楚早起本身是否有好处）符合语境。 【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，选项中出现的代词与上下文中某一（些）名词的指代关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据空前的“pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin”可知，逼迫人们远离他们的自然偏好可能是有害的，例如，当夜猫子早起时，他们的身体仍在分泌褪黑素，此处承接上文，讲的还是夜猫子的身体分泌褪黑素这一话题，C项中的it指代的就是上一句中“producing melatonin”，故C项（然后你打断它，并推动身体进入日间模式）符合语境。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节， 32分) 第一节 阅读表达(共4小题，第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 My path was long to recognizing my vocation (职业) , much longer than it had to be. My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. No matter how much I loved to read and write, it never occurred to me to major in anything else. I had been curious about biology and psychology in high school, so when I knew Columbia offered a joint major in the two fields, I chose it on the spot. The feeling, other than excitement, was one of relief. I couldn’t bear the uncertainty that college represented. Instead of opening options up, I needed to shut them down. I had locked up three-quarters of my courses for the next four years, and I hadn’t even gone to a single class. There was no one there to stop me. I would mope (消沉) in the back of those lectures, reading a novel behind my notebook, unaware of the fact that I was trying to tell myself something. I don’t know exactly when things went wrong with my chosen course of study. By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. I ended up working in a tiny nonprofit that meant nothing to me, with no idea where I should go next. And then I happened to be visiting a friend in architecture school. She wasn’t happy, either; her program was way too pretentious and theoretical. We were walking along and she said, “I have to get out of graduate school. ” And I immediately thought “I have to go to graduate school. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance to study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s not too late - I’m not going to let it be too late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm. It wasn’t easy getting in at that point. But for the first time in a long while, I performed at the top of my ability. I’d study for eighty hours a week and I had never been happier. 40. What family factor (s) influenced the author’s choice of major? ___________________________________________________ 41. What did the author realize at college? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. ___________________________________________________ 43. What have you learned from the author’s experience of choosing a major in college? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】40. The professions of the author’s parents. 41. The author realized that he should have been an English major. 42. The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. The author was determined to get into graduate school because he wanted to give himself the chance to study English literature. 43. From the author's experience, I learned that choosing a major should be based on one's true interests and passions rather than external expectations or family influence. Following one's heart leads to true happiness and fulfillment. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在选择职业道路上的曲折经历。尽管对阅读和写作充满热爱，但由于家庭环境的影响，作者最初选择了科学领域的专业。然而，在大学期间，作者逐渐意识到自己真正的兴趣在于英语文学，但为时已晚，无法转专业。毕业后，作者从事了一份没有意义的工作，感到迷茫。一次偶然的机会，作者受到朋友启发，决定继续深造学习英语文学，并最终找到了自己的方向和快乐。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. (我的父母是工程学教授。科学是我家庭可能性的地平线；其他一切都无关紧要甚至不存在。)”可知，作者父母的职业影响了作者选择专业，故答案为The professions of the author’s parents. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. (当我意识到我应该是英语专业的时候，已经太晚了，无法换专业了。)”可知，作者在大学时意识到他应该是英语专业，故答案为The author realized that he should have been an English major. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“And I immediately thought “I have to go to graduate school.” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance to study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s not too late - I’m not going to let it be too late. (我立刻想到“我必须去读研究生。”这意味着，直到我给自己机会学习英国文学，我才会快乐。这意味着，还不算太晚——我不会让它太晚。）”可知，作者决定去读研究生是因为他想给自己机会学习英国文学，而不是因为朋友劝说，所以表达“because his friend persuaded him to do so (因为他的朋友劝说他这样做)”是错误的，应更正为“because he wanted to give himself the chance to study English literature”故答案为The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. The author was determined to get into graduate school because he wanted to give himself the chance to study English literature. 【43题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第一段“My path was long to recognizing my vocation (职业) , much longer than it had to be. My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. No matter how much I loved to read and write, it never occurred to me to major in anything else. (我花了很长时间才找到自己的职业方向，其实本不必如此。我的父母都是工科教授，在我们家科学是唯一可能的前景；其他都不重要，甚至不存在。无论我多么喜欢阅读和写作，我从未想过要主修其他专业。)”和第三段“There was no one there to stop me. I would mope (消沉) in the back of those lectures, reading a novel behind my notebook, unaware of the fact that I was trying to tell myself something. I don’t know exactly when things went wrong with my chosen course of study. By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. I ended up working in a tiny nonprofit that meant nothing to me, with no idea where I should go next. (没有人阻止我。那些讲座上，我会坐在后面消沉地读小说，笔记本挡在前面，却没意识到我是在试图告诉自己些什么。我不知道我的课程选择到底是什么时候出了问题。直到我意识到自己应该主修英语时，已经太晚了，无法转专业了。最终我在一家对我毫无意义的小非营利组织工作，完全不知道下一步该去哪里。)”内容可知，作者选择专业时受到家庭影响而选择了科学专业，后来意识到自己应该是英语专业但已经太晚无法换专业，所以从作者的经历中我们可以学到选择专业应该基于自己的真正兴趣和激情而不是外部期望或家庭影响，跟随自己的心会带来真正的幸福和满足感，故答案为From the author's experience, I learned that choosing a major should be based on one's true interests and passions rather than external expectations or family influence. Following one's heart leads to true happiness and fulfillment. 第二节 写作(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校上个月举办了九十周年校庆活动。英国交换生Jim听闻后，对此活动非常感兴趣，请你给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1. 校庆活动介绍； 2. 你的感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m glad you’re interested in our school’s 90th anniversary celebration! Last month, we held a wonderful event with performances by students and alumni, an exhibition of old photos and school history, and even a tree-planting ceremony to mark the occasion. Many former teachers and graduates returned to campus, sharing touching stories about their time here. I felt really proud to be part of such a historic moment. Seeing how much our school has grown — and how deeply people care about it — gave me a strong sense of belonging. I wish you could have been there too! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国交换生Jim回复邮件，介绍学校九十周年校庆活动的相关情况，并分享自己的感受，满足Jim对该活动的兴趣需求。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 纪念：mark → commemorate 对……感兴趣：be interested in →be keen on 展览：exhibition→display 归属感：sense of belonging →sense of affiliation 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Seeing how much our school has grown — and how deeply people care about it — gave me a strong sense of belonging. 拓展句：What gave me a strong sense of belonging was seeing how much our school has grown and how deeply people care about it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Many former teachers and graduates returned to campus, sharing touching stories about their time here.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】Seeing how much our school has grown — and how deeply people care about it — gave me a strong sense of belonging.（运用了动名词短语作主语，以及how引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $