Unit3Same or Different词性转换及常用短语- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语Unit 3知识清单系统梳理了“Same or Different?”单元核心词汇，涵盖20个重点词的词形变化、固定搭配及反义词等内容，搭建从基础词形认知到语境应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以“词形变化链+搭配辨析+语境应用”三维架构呈现知识体系，如“compare”系列从动词延伸至名词、形容词，对比“compare...with...”与“compare...to...”用法，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。配套练习题精准对应知识点，如单词变形填空强化词形转换，单项选择聚焦搭配辨析，助力学生自主巩固，教师可据此设计分层教学，提升课堂效率。

Unit 3 Same or Different? 1. compare:v. 比较;对比 comparison n. 比较;对照 comparative adj. 比较的;相对的 compared adj. 比较的;对照的 compare...with...与......比较 compare...to...把......比作...... compare with与......相比较(常用作状语) 2. shy:adj. 害羞的 shyness n. 羞怯;腼腆 shyly adv. 羞怯地;胆小地 outgoing adj. 外向的(反义词) 3. lazy:adj. 懒惰的;懒洋洋的 laziness n. 懒惰 lazily adv. 懒洋洋地;怠惰地 反义词:hard-working勤奋的 4. loud:adv. 响亮地;adj. 大声的 loudly adv. 大声地;响亮地 quiet adj. 安静的(反义词) loud:①adj. 大声的,名词前作定语 ②adj.响亮地,常与too,so very等连用,修饰动词 loudly: adv.高声地;吵闹地(有令人讨厌或打扰别的人的意味) 5. perform:v. 表演;执行 performance n. 表演;演出;表现 performer n. 表演者;演出者 perform: v.①表演:后接节目;动作 ②执行:后接任务;计划 6. congratulation:n. 祝贺;恭喜 congratulate v. 祝贺;向…道贺 congratulations(on...)!(对......)表示祝贺! congratulate sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事 7. attend:v. 参加;出席 attendance n. 出席;参加;出勤 attend:参加;出席(一般参加婚礼;丧礼;会议;讲座或上课),一般以听众的身份参加。attend a meeting参加会议 attend school上学 attend the wedding join:加入;成为......一员;表示参加某个组织并成为其中一员。 take part in:参加;表示参加群众性活动,并在其中发挥积极作用 8. pleasure:n. 乐事;愉快;荣幸 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的;舒适的 pleasantly adv.愉快地;友好地 pleasure:①愉悦;快乐(不可数)②乐事;愉快的活动/经历(可数名词) It’s my pleasure.不用谢。(用来回答感谢)With pleasure.荣幸之至。 9. appearance:n. 外表;露面 appear v. 出现;显得 appeared adj. 出现的;显得的 disappear v. 消失(反义词) 10. personality:n. 性格;品质 personal adj. 个人的;私人的 personally adv. 就个人而言;亲自地 a strong personality个性鲜明 11. serious:adj. 严肃的;严重的 seriously adv. 严肃地;认真地;严重地 seriousness n. 严肃;认真;严重性 be serious about...对......认真 take... seriously认真对待...... 12. rainfall:n. 降雨量 rain v. 下雨 n. 雨 rainy adj. 下雨的;多雨的 13. interest:n. 业余爱好;兴趣;v. 使感兴趣 interesting adj. 有趣的(修饰物) interested adj. 感兴趣的(修饰人) be interested in...对......感兴趣 become interested in...对......变得感兴趣 14. difference:n. 差异 different adj. 不同的 differently adv. 不同地 be different from...与......不同 15. sense:n.理解力;感觉 sensible adj. 明智的;通情达理的 sensitive adj. 敏感的;易受影响的 16. humour:n. 幽默;幽默感 humorous adj. 幽默的;滑稽的 humorously adv.幽默地;滑稽地 full of humor充满了幽默 sense of humor幽默感 17. less:adj.更少的;adv.更少地 little adj. 小的;少的(原级) least adj. 最少的;最小的(最高级) more adj. 更多的(反义词) less:①adj.较少的;更少的,修饰不可数名词,修饰可数名词用fewer ②adv.较少地;更少地(表示程度降低)③pro.较少;更少(指代不可数名词,在句子中作主语、宾语和表语) less than少于(后接具体数字或名词) 18. honest:adj. 坦诚的;诚实的 honesty n. 诚实;正直 honestly adv. 诚实地;正直地 dishonest adj. 不诚实的(反义词) to be honest说实在的 19. direct:adj. 率直的;直接的 directly adv. 直接地;立即 direction n. 方向;指导 director n.导演;主任;指挥 反义词:indirect adj.间接的 direct:①adj.直接的;直率的 ②v.指导;指路;导演 20. similarity:n. 相似之处 similar adj. 相似的 similarly adv. 相似地;类似地 be similar to...与......相似 23. friendship:n. 友谊;友情 friend n. 朋友 friendly adj. 友好的 build friendship建立友谊 练习题 一、 单词变形填空(每空1分,共20分) 1. The _ (compare) between the two paintings shows their different styles. 2. Her _ (shy) made her afraid to speak in public. 3. Don’t be so _ (lazy). You should finish your homework first. 4. He speaks _ (loud) in the library, which makes others unhappy. 5. The singer’s _ (perform) won warm applause from the audience. 6. Please accept my sincere _ (congratulate) on your success. 7. The _ (attend) rate of this meeting was very high. 8. It was a _ (please) trip. We all had a good time. 9. His sudden _ (appear) surprised everyone in the room. 10. Everyone has a unique _ (personal). 11. You must take this matter _ (serious). 12. The _ (rainfall) this year is much more than that of last year. 13. We are all _ (interest) in the interesting story. 14. There are some _ (different) between the two versions. 15. It’s _ (sense) to save money for rainy days. 16. He is a _ (humour) man and always makes us laugh. 17. There is _ (little) water in this bottle than in that one. 18. _ (honest) is the best policy. 19. She gave me _ (direct) to the nearest hospital. 20. There are many _ (similar) between the two cultures. 二、 单项选择(每小题2分,共20分) 1. People often _ a teacher _ a candle, burning itself to light others. A. compare; with B. compare; to C. compared; with 2. She used to be very shy, but now she is much more _. A. outgoing B. hard-working C. quiet 3. My brother is a _ boy, but he works very hard now. A. honest B. lazy C. humorous 4. Please speak _ so that I can clearly hear you. A. loudly B. loud C. quiet 5. The _ performed on the stage and got a lot of praise. A. perform B. performance C. performer 6. I want to _ you _ your passing the important exam. A. congratulate; on B. congratulations; on C. congratulation; for 7. He will _ an important meeting next week. A. join B. take part in C. attend 8. —Thank you for helping me. —_. A. With pleasure B. It’s my pleasure C. You are welcome 9. It’s _ of you to bring an umbrella on such a rainy day. A. sensible B. sensitive C. serious 10. The two houses are _ to each other in design. A. similar B. different C. same 三、 完成句子(每空1分,共30分) 1. 我们应该认真对待每一次考试。 We should _ every exam _. 2. 这本书和那本书在内容上有很大不同。 This book _ quite _ _ that one in content. 3. 他对集邮很感兴趣。 He _ very _ _ collecting stamps. 4. 老实说,我不喜欢这部电影。 _ _ _, I don’t like this movie. 5. 她的声音太大了,打扰到了邻居。 Her voice was _ _ and disturbed the neighbors. 6. 我们应该努力建立深厚的友谊。 We should try to _ deep _. 7. 他直接去了办公室,没有停留。 He went to the office _ without stopping. 8. 与城市相比,乡村的空气更清新。 _ _ the city, the air in the countryside is fresher. 9. 她缺乏幽默感,所以很少和别人开玩笑。 She lacks a _ _ _, so she seldom jokes with others. 10. 这个学生的出勤率很低,老师很生气。 The student’s _ _ was very low, which made the teacher angry. 四、 句型转换(每小题2分,共20分) 1. She is a humorous girl. (改为同义句) The girl _ _ _. 2. He is serious about playing football. (改为同义句) He _ playing football _. 3. This book is different from that book. (改为同义句) _ _ _ between this book and that book. 4. We compare this plan with that plan. (改为名词形式) We make a _ _ this plan and that plan. 5. He appeared suddenly. (改为名词形式) His _ was sudden. 参考答案 一、 单词变形填空 1. comparison 2. shyness 3. lazy 4. loudly 5. performance 6. congratulations 7. attendance 8. pleasant 9. appearance 10. personality 11. seriously 12. rainfall 13. interested 14. differences 15. sensible 16. humorous 17. less 18. Honesty 19. directions 20. similarities 二、 单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9.A 10. A 三、 完成句子 1. take; seriously 2. is; different from 3. is; interested in 4. To be honest 5. too loud 6. build; friendship 7. directly 8. Compared with 9. sense of humor 10. attendance rate 四、 句型转换 1. has a good sense of humor 2. takes; seriously 3. There are differences 4. comparison between 5. appearance 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $