句子翻译练习4-2026届高考英语一轮复习专项

句子翻译练习 1.直到二十世纪初人们才学会怎样防止这种疾病的蔓延。 (prevent) Not until the beginning of the 20th century did people learn how to prevent the disease from spreading. · 核心句式：Not until + 状语（短语 / 从句）+ 倒装主句 · 知识点：否定词 Not until 置于句首时，主句需部分倒装（助动词 / 情态动词提到主语前）；prevent sb./sth. from doing sth. 表 “阻止…… 做某事”，高考高频短语。 · 拓展：Not until he called me did I know the truth. 2.虽然他很聪明，但他不愿把全部时间用在学习上。 Clever as he is, he is not willing to devote all his time to his study. · 核心句式：形容词 / 副词 / 名词 (无冠词) + as/though + 主语 + 谓语（让步状语从句倒装） · 知识点：这是让步状语从句的特殊倒装结构，相当于 Although he is clever；devote oneself/time to sth./doing sth. 中 to 是介词，后接名词 / 动名词。 3.他一到家就迫不及待地把好消息告诉他父母。(can’t wait…) He had hardly arrived home when he could not wait to tell his parents the good news. · 核心句式：Hardly...when...（一…… 就……） · 知识点：hardly 置于句首时主句需部分倒装；主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；同义结构：Scarcely...when.../No sooner...than...。 · 拓展：Hardly had she finished speaking when the bell rang. 4.每次他妈妈叫他帮助做家务，他总是假装在看书。 Each time his mother asks him to do some housework, he always pretends to be reading (a book). · 核心句式：Each time/Every time/Whenever + 从句（时间状语从句，引导词相当于连词） · 知识点：each time 可直接引导时间状语从句，无需加 when；pretend to be doing sth. 表 “假装正在做某事”，是 pretend 的高频用法。 5.这是他们第一次赢得一场正式比赛，因此每个人都欣喜若狂。 It was the first time that they had won a formal match, so everyone was wild with joy. · 核心句式：It is/was the first/second...time that...（某人第几次做某事） · 知识点：时态固定搭配—— 主句用 is，从句用现在完成时；主句用 was，从句用过去完成时；be wild with joy 表 “欣喜若狂”。 6.不久一架直升机就到达现场来营救幸存者。(before; on the scene) It wasn’t long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors. · 核心句式：It was (not) long before...（没过多久 / 过了很久才……） · 知识点：before 引导时间状语从句，该句型表 “动作发生的时间间隔”；on the scene 表 “在现场”，同义短语 on the spot。 7.过了几分钟我才觉察到刚才发生的事。 （before; aware） It was several minutes before I was aware of what had happened just now. · 核心句式：It was + 一段时间 + before...（过了多久才……） · 知识点：区别于 It will be + 一段时间 + before...（要过多久才……）；be aware of sth. 表 “意识到某事”，同义替换 realize sth.。 8.自从我们上次碰面，似乎是一个世纪了。 It seems like a century since we last met. · 核心句式：It seems (like) + 时间段 + since...（自从…… 以来好像过了…… 时间） · 知识点：since 从句用一般过去时，主句常用 it seems/seemed；若从句动词为延续性动词，翻译时需 “反向理解”，例：It’s years since I lived here.（我不住这儿已经好几年了。） 9.我很少见到像亨利这样考虑周到的人。(Seldom) Seldom have I seen such a considerate person like Henry. · 核心句式：否定副词（Seldom/Never/Rarely）+ 部分倒装主句 · 知识点：否定副词置于句首时，主句需部分倒装（助动词提前）；seldom 表 “很少”，频率低于 sometimes。 10.他没有参加昨晚的聚会是因为没有人告诉他。 the reason why she didn’t attend the party last night was that nobody had told her about it. · 核心句式：The reason why...is/was that...（…… 的原因是……） · 知识点：高考高频易错句型——why 引导定语从句修饰 reason，that 引导表语从句，不能用 because 代替 that。 11.你该好好反省一下自己的所作所为。(reflect) It is high time that you reflected on what you have done. · 核心句式：It is (high/about) time that...（是时候做某事了） · 知识点：从句谓语动词用一般过去时或 should do（should 不可省略），表虚拟语气；reflect on 表 “反思”，同义短语 think over。 12.让我们感动的是很多人为事故中的受害者伸出了援助之手。 What moved / touched / struck us was that many people lent/ gave a (helping) hand to the victims in the accident. · 核心句式：What 引导的主语从句 + was that 引导的表语从句 · 知识点：what 在主语从句中作主语 / 宾语，相当于 the thing that；lend/give a helping hand to sb. 表 “向某人伸出援手”，写作高分短语。 13.应该非常注意培养学生的学习习惯。(cultivate) Much attention should be paid to cultivating students’ study habits. · 核心句式：被动语态 + 介词 to + 动名词 · 知识点：主动句式为 We should pay much attention to cultivating...，pay attention to 中 to 是介词，后接动名词；被动语态是高考写作提升句式多样性的常用手段。 14.应该利用每一分钟来练习我们的英语。 Every minute should be made use of to practise our English. · 核心句式：被动语态 + 不定式作目的状语 · 知识点：主动句式为 We should make use of every minute to practise...，将宾语 every minute 提前作被动句主语；make use of 表 “利用”，同义短语 take advantage of。 15.应该特别强调环保的重要性。(emphasis) Special emphasis should be laid/ put/ placed on the importance of protecting the environment. · 核心句式：Sb. lay/put/place emphasis on sth. → Sth. be laid/put/placed emphasis on（被动语态） · 知识点：lay emphasis on 表 “强调…… 的重要性”，被动形式更显正式，适合高考议论文写作；protecting 作介词 of 的宾语。 16.必须立刻采取行动防止森林大火蔓延。 Immediate action must be taken to prevent the forest fire from spreading. · 核心句式：Sb. take action to do sth. → Action be taken to do sth.（被动语态） · 知识点：take action to do sth. 表 “采取行动做某事”，被动形式为高考写作常用高级句式；prevent...from doing 表 “阻止…… 蔓延”。 17.说到教育，大部分人认为是一个终生学习。（lifetime） When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. · 核心句式：When it comes to sth.（当谈到 / 涉及某事时） · 知识点：to 是介词，后接名词 / 动名词；该句型常用于议论文开头引出话题，the majority of 后接可数名词复数 / 不可数名词，谓语动词单复数由名词决定。 18.和他们争论没有什么好处。 It is no good arguing with them. · 核心句式：It is no good/use doing sth.（做某事是没用的） · 知识点：it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面的动名词短语；同义句型 It is useless doing sth.。 19.如果我们以一种强烈的意志工作，我们能够克服任何的困难，无论这个困难有多大。 If you work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, however great it is. · 核心句式：however + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语（让步状语从句） · 知识点：however 相当于 no matter how，引导让步状语从句；区别于 whatever（后接名词），例：Whatever difficulty we meet, we will not give up. 20.我们很难预见将来，所以眼下我们要做的就是珍惜现在所有的。(cherish) It’s hard for us to foresee the future, so what we should do at present is to cherish what we have now. · 核心句式：It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.；what 从句 + is to do sth. · 知识点：前半句 it 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语；后半句 what we should do 作主语，to cherish... 作表语，what we have now 作 cherish 的宾语。 段落翻译： I took part in a cycling competition held in my school.What let me down was that I had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists.I bit my lips and wiped the tears from my cheeks.Just at that time，my classmates clapped for me and cast an encouraging glance at me.Amazingly，a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart(无灵主语句)．What made me relieved (what引导的主语从句) was that I finally finished the competition.Smiling in satisfaction，my teacher reached out his hands with his fingers forming a “heart”(with复合结构)，saying，“You are great.” 我参加了在我的学校举办的自行车比赛。使我失望的是我很难跟上其他骑自行车的人（what）。我咬着嘴唇，擦去脸颊上的泪水。就在那时，我的同学们为我鼓起了掌，并向我投来（cast）鼓励的目光。令人惊奇的是，一种温暖和宽慰的感觉涌进了我的内心深处（mixture）。使我松了一口气的是我终于完成了比赛（what）。我的老师满意地笑着，伸出他的手，用他的手指比成（form）一个“心”形，说：“你很棒。” · 核心短语：take part in（参加）；held in my school（过去分词短语作后置定语） 知识点： take part in 侧重参加活动、比赛，区别于 join（加入组织、团体）、attend（出席会议、课程）。 过去分词 held 表被动，相当于定语从句 which was held in my school，高考语法填空常考后置定语的用法。 · 核心句式：What 引导的主语从句；have difficulty (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难） 知识点： What let me down 在句中作主语，what 相当于 the thing that；let sb. down 表 “让某人失望”，是高考写作常用短语。 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 中 in 可省略，difficulty 为不可数名词，不能加 a。 keep up with 表 “跟上（某人 / 某物）”，反义词组 fall behind（落后）。 · 核心词汇：bite one’s lips（咬嘴唇，表强忍情绪）；wipe...from...（从…… 擦掉……） 知识点：bite 的过去式为 bit，过去分词 bitten；该短语在完形填空中常用来描写人物的隐忍、坚定等情绪。 · 核心短语：clap for sb.（为某人鼓掌）；cast a glance at sb.（瞥一眼某人） 知识点： cast 的过去式和过去分词均为 cast；encouraging 为形容词作定语，修饰 glance，区别于 encouraged（修饰人）。 · 核心句式：无灵主语句（以无生命的事物 a mixture 作主语）；well up（涌上；涌现） 知识点： 无灵主语句是英语高级表达，区别于汉语的 “人作主语”，本句若用汉语思维会写成 I felt a mixture of warmth and relief well up，英语用无生命主语更显地道。 well up 常与情感类名词搭配，例：Tears welled up in her eyes.（泪水在她眼中涌现）。 · 核心句式：What 引导的主语从句 + that 引导的表语从句 知识点： What made me relieved 作主语，what 在从句中作主语；relieved 为形容词作宾语补足语，表 “感到宽慰的”。 表语从句 that I finally finished... 中，that 不可省略，这是高考名词性从句的高频考点。 (with 复合结构)，saying，“You are great.” · 核心句式：现在分词作伴随状语（Smiling... / saying...）；with 复合结构（with + 宾语 + 现在分词） 知识点： Smiling in satisfaction 表老师伸手时的伴随状态，与主语 my teacher 是主动关系；in satisfaction 表 “满意地”，同义短语 with satisfaction。 with his fingers forming a “heart” 中，现在分词 forming 表主动，说明手指的动作；with 复合结构常用来作状语表伴随、方式等，是高考写作提升句式多样性的关键。 reach out one’s hands 表 “伸出手”，是动作描写的常用短语。 答案： · Not until the beginning of the 20th century did people learn how to prevent the disease from spreading. · Clever as he is, he is not willing to devote all his time to his study. · He had hardly arrived home when he could not wait to tell his parents the good news. · Each time his mother asks him to do some housework, he always pretends to be reading (a book). · It was the first time that they had won a formal match, so everyone was wild with joy. · It wasn’t long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors. · It was several minutes before I was aware of what had happened just now. · It seems like a century since we last met. · Seldom have I seen such a considerate person like Henry. · the reason why she didn’t attend the party last night was that nobody had told her about it. · It is high time that you reflected on what you have done. · What moved / touched / struck us was that many people lent/ gave a (helping) hand to the victims in the accident. · Much attention should be paid to cultivating students’ study habits. · Every minute should be made use of to practise our English. · Special emphasis should be laid/ put/ placed on the importance of protecting the environment. · Immediate action must be taken to prevent the forest fire from spreading. · When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. · It is no good arguing with them. · If you work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, however great it is. · It’s hard for us to foresee the future, so what we should do at present is to cherish what we have now. · I took part in a cycling competition held in my school.What let me down was that I had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists.I bit my lips and wiped the tears from my cheeks.Just at that time，my classmates clapped for me and cast an encouraging glance at me.Amazingly，a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart(无灵主语句)．What made me relieved (what引导的主语从句) was that I finally finished the competition.Smiling in satisfaction，my teacher reached out his hands with his fingers forming a “heart”(with复合结构)，saying，“You are great.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $