专题08 主谓一致（复习讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考主谓一致专题，覆盖语法一致、意义一致、就近原则三大核心考点及“the number of/a number of”“either...or...”等特殊结构，通过考情剖析、思维导图构建知识网络，结合考点通关靶向突破，搭配优题精选分层训练，形成“考点梳理-方法指导-真题实战”系统复习链。 亮点在于融合核心素养设计，如用思维导图培养学习能力构建知识联系，通过“定原则、记特殊”解题锦囊提升思维品质，精选2024-2025年中考真题及模拟题训练语言能力。特设“either...or...就近原则”对比练习，结合语境实例突破难点，分层练习适配不同学生，助力教师精准把控复习节奏，高效提升学生应考能力。

专题08 主谓一致 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 2 ★ 考点 主谓一致 2 04 优题精选·练能提分 6 考点 课标要求 复习目标 主谓一致 · 1. 掌握语法一致、意义一致、就近原则三大核心； · 2. 熟练运用不同主语（名词、代词、短语、从句等）的谓语单复数规则； · 3. 掌握 “the number of/a number of”“either...or...” 等特殊结构用法 1. 精准判断主语对应的谓语单复数； 2. 区分三大原则适用场景，规避集体名词、分数作主语等常见错误；3. 应对中考各题型（单选、完形、语法填空等）的主谓一致考查。 命题预测 1. 核心考点：三大原则、特殊结构（there be、并列连词连接主语）； 2. 考查题型：单选、完形、语法填空、单词拼写； 3. 命题趋势：与时态综合考查，侧重语境灵活运用 解题锦囊 1. 定原则：先判断主语符合哪类原则，再定谓语单复数； 2. 记特殊：the number of + 复数→单数，a number of + 复数→复数； 3. 看连接词：and/both...and...→复数，as well as/with→就远原则，either...or...→就近原则； 4. 辨主语：集体名词表整体→单数、表个体→复数，分数 / 百分数→随指代名词单复数 1.主谓语一致 1.1.语法一致原则 具体用法 例句 单数名词或代词、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。复数名词或代词，以及and或“both...and...”连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 My friend goes to school by bus every day.我的朋友每天坐公交车上学。Tomatoes and potatoes are what I'm going to buy.西红柿和土豆是我要买的东西。 every,each,either,neither,one of,no one 及 everyone,somebody,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Nothing ever happens in this town.这镇上从来都不会发生什么（特别的）事。 当主语由 as well as,along with,together with,but,except,besides等词连接时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由其前面的名词来决定。 My mother as well as her workmates has been to Beijing.谓语动词的单复数由My mother决定我母亲和她的同事曾去过北京。 “the number of+复数可数名词”表示“．．．．．·的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“a number of+复数可数名词”表示“许多······”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The number of the girl students is over twenty.女生的数量是20多个。A number of houses were destroyed in the earthquake.地震中许多房子被毁。 动词不定式、动名词形式及从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To say something is usually easier than to do something.说往往比做容易。 1.2.意义一致原则 用法 例句 集体名词 class,family,government,group,team等作主语时，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果侧重集体中的个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。 Mr.Smith's family is a big one.史密斯先生家是一个大家庭.表示family这一整体概念 Mr.Smith's family are watching TV.史密斯一家人正在看电视。表示家庭成员 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的词语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Sixty kilos isn't heavy for him.60千克对他来说不算重。 分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的单复数保持一致。 Four fifths of the juice is orange.It is very pure. 五分之四的果汁是橙汁。非常纯。谓语动词与分数所指代的the juice一致 some,all,lots of,half,the rest of,most等后面接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与该名词或代词的单复数保持一致。 All the milk has gone bad.牛奶全都变质了。 1.3.就近原则 用法 例句 在there be句型中，谓语动词要与最邻近be的主语保持一致。 There is a table and two chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。There are two chairs and a table in the room.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。 or,"either...or...""neither...nor...”“not only...but also...”等连接两并列主语时，谓语动词的数常与最邻近的主语的数保持一致。 Either you or your sister has to go there right now.谓语动词由最邻近的主语 your sister 决定 要么你要么你妹妹需要立刻去那里。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·吉林长春）There ________ some flowers in my room. I often water them. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【解析】句意： 我的房间里有一些花，我经常给它们浇水。 考查There be句型。根据“some flowers”可知，主语为复数形式，因此be动词应用复数形式；又根据“I often water them.”可知，句子描述的是现在的状态，时态为一般现在时，应用are。故选B。 2．（2025·甘肃白银）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：看！桌子上有一个笔记本和三把钥匙。 考查there be和时态。根据“Look!”可知，句子是一般现在时；there be遵循就近原则，离be动词最近的主语是a notebook，应用is。故选A。 3．（2025·黑龙江）There ________ no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list. We need to add ________ to the salad. A．is; them B．are; them C．are; it 【答案】A 【解析】句意：购物清单上没有酸奶也没有西红柿。我们需要把它们加到沙拉里。 考查there be和代词辨析。there be句型遵循就近原则，yogurt是不可数名词，be动词用is；them它们；it它。空处指代酸奶和西红柿，应用them。故选A。 4．（2025·黑龙江绥化）My mother with her students ________ to volunteer at the old people’s home next week. A．is going B．are going C．goes 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我妈妈和她的学生下周要去养老院参加志愿者活动。 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“next week”可知句子用一般将来时be going to，with连接的成分作主语时，遵循就远原则，根据“My mother”可知be动词用is。故选A。 二、单词拼写 1．（2025·江苏无锡）Simon and I (work) on a history project now. 【答案】are working 【解析】句意：西蒙和我现在正在做一个历史项目。根据“now”可知，此句用现在进行时be+doing，and连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数，此处be动词用are，后跟动词现在分词。故填are working。 2．（2025·江苏无锡）It’s clean and beautiful now, but in the past there (be) a lot of pollution. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：现在这里干净又美丽，但过去有很多污染。根据“in the past”可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；句子主语“a lot of pollution”是不可数名词，故be动词用was。故填was。 3．（2025·甘肃白银）We all (love) our country very much! 【答案】love 【解析】句意：我们都非常爱我们的国家！love“爱”，动词；本句主语是we all，表复数，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用原形。故填love。 4．（2025·四川达州）He always (spend) time with his family on weekends. 【答案】spends 【解析】句意：他总是在周末花时间陪伴家人。spend“花费”。根据“He always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语为三单，故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填spends。 三、完成句子 1．（2025·贵州）有很多管理好体重的方法。 many ways to manage our weight. 【答案】 There are 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处表示“有”可以用there be句型，主语是复数名词，be动词用are。故填There；are。 一、单词拼写 1．（2024·甘肃兰州）I don’t have a volleyball, but my brother Jim (do). 【答案】does 【解析】句意：我没有排球，但我弟弟吉姆有。此处用do代替实义动词have。结合“don’t”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语my brother是第三人称单数，故用does。故填does。 2．（2024·江苏无锡）Don’t lose heart, son. There (be) always a way out. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：别灰心，孩子。总会有出路的。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“a way”，故填is。 二、完成句子 1．（2024·江苏无锡）你要么冒险继续等待，要么现在就放弃。 You can now. 【答案】either take risks to keep on waiting or give up/either take risks to keep waiting or give up/either take risks to continue waiting or give up 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，either…or…“要么……要么……”。take risks to do sth“冒险做某事”；keep (on) doing sth/continue sth.“继续做某事”，wait“等待”；give up“放弃”。情态动词can后动词应用原形。故填either take risks to keep (on)/continue waiting or give up。 2．（2024·甘肃白银）人生就像一匹马，要么你驾驭它，要么它驾驭你。 Life is like a horse, and you ride it it rides you. 【答案】 either or 【解析】此处缺少“要么……要么……”的翻译，either...or...“要么……要么……”，故填either；or。 3．（2024·贵州）相声中有说学逗唱四种主要艺术手段。 four key skills of xiangsheng—shuo, xue, dou and chang. 【答案】 There are 【解析】there be“有”，时态是一般现在时，主语“four key skills of xiangsheng”是复数，所以be动词用are。故填There；are。 三、单项选择 1．（2024·四川攀枝花）—How about climbing Donghua Mountain this weekend? —Sounds great. Then a pair of comfortable sports shoes ________ necessary. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这周末去爬东华山怎么样？——听起来不错。那么一双舒适的运动鞋是必要的。 考查主谓一致和时态。根据“How about climbing Donghua Mountain this weekend”可知，此处需要用一般现在时表客观事实，排除BD；题干中“a pair of comfortable sports shoes”是单数主语（核心词是pair），需用单数谓语动词is。故选A。 2．（2024·江苏南京）There ________ different opinions on smart technology. What do you think about it? A．is B．are C．have D．has 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对智能技术有不同的看法。你觉得怎么样？ 考查there be结构。此处是there be结构，表示“有”，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选B。 3．（2024·甘肃甘南）—How many doctors are there in your hospital, Peter? —________ them ________ over one hundred. A．The number of; is B．A number of; are C．A number of; is 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——彼得，你们医院有多少医生？——他们的数量超过了一百。 考查主谓一致。The number of……的数量，作主语时为单数；A number of一些，修饰名词，作主语时为复数。由“over one hundred”可知，此处表示数量，故用The number of，谓语用第三人称单数is。故选A。 4．（2024·甘肃甘南）Either he or I ________ going to host this year’s Talent Show in our school because we are both good at hosting. A．am B．are C．is 【答案】A 【解析】句意：要么是他要么是我将主持我们学校今年的才艺秀，因为我们俩都擅长主持。 考查主谓一致。am是，主语为I；are是，主语为第二人称或复数；is是，主语为三单。根据“Either he or I”可知，此处谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词形式与最近的主语保持一致。句中最近的主语是“I”，因此谓语动词用am。故选A。 5．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江）Having good manners ________ necessary when you visit a foreign country. A．are B．is C．was 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当你到国外旅游时，有礼貌是必要的。 考查主谓一致。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是动名词短语，be动词用is。故选B。 6．（2024·吉林长春）—There ________ many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best? —Climbing a Tower by Wang Zhihuan. A．are B．is C．were D．was 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这本书中有许多中国古诗。你最喜欢哪一个？——王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》。 考查主谓一致和时态。此处表示客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选A。 7．（2024·黑龙江绥化）In China, a number of birthday persons ________ cakes with candles. The number of candles ________ the person’s age. A．has; is B．eats; are C．eat; is 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在中国，许多过生日的人会用蜡烛吃蛋糕。蜡烛的数量是这个人的年龄。 考查主谓一致。a number of+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词也用复数，素以第一空用eat；The number of +名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以第二空用is。故选C。 8．（2024·黑龙江绥化）Look! There ________ some information about traffic rules in this book. A．is B．are C．was 【答案】A 【解析】句意：看！在这本书上有一些关于交通规则的信息。 考查be动词。此句是There be句型，主语是information，不可数名词，be动词用单数，描述事实，用一般现在时。故选A。 9．（2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—How many students are there in your class? —______ the students in our class is 45. And half of them ______ boys. A．The number of; are B．A number of; are C．The number of; is D．A number of; is 【答案】A 【解析】句意：----你们班有多少名学生？ ----我们班学生的数量是45名，而且其中一半是男生。 考查“The number of”和“A number of”的辨析以及主谓一致。 根据“...the students in our class is 45.”可知，班里学生的数量是45名，“The number of”表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；和句中is一致；第二个空，“half of them”中“them”指代前文的“students”（复数），故谓语动词需用复数“are”。故选A。 10．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Why can’t I say what I want to say? —Please be patient. Only one of the students ________ to speak at a time. A．allows B．allowed C．is allowed D．are allowed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——为什么我不能说我想说的话？——请耐心点。一次只允许一个学生发言。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。本句时态为一般现在时，one of the students是动作allow的承受者，要用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。主语是“one of the students”，谓语动词应用三单。故选C。 11．（2025·云南昆明·三模）Hanging the couplets ________ one of the traditional customs during the Chinese New Year. A．be B．am C．is D．are 【答案】C 【解析】句意：挂春联是中国新年期间的传统习俗之一。    考查主谓一致。be是动词原形；am用于第一人称单数；is用于第三人称单数或不可数名词；are用于第二人称或复数主语。根据“Hanging the couplets”可知，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故选C。     12．（2025·全国·二模）About ________ of people enjoy the TV play. And 70 percent of the music in it ________ very original (原创的). A．three fifths; is B．three fifths; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifth; are 【答案】A 【解析】句意：大约五分之三的人喜欢这部电视剧。其中70%的音乐都是原创的。 考查数词和主谓一致。three fifths五分之三；分子大于一时，用复数形式；故排除CD两项。is是，是第三人称单数形式；are是，是复数形式；分数或百分数修饰名词，作主语，谓语根据所修饰的名词判断，此处music是不可数名词，因此谓语用第三人称单数。故选A。 13．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Tom, together with his parents, ________ going to visit the zoo this weekend. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：汤姆这个周末打算和他的父母一起去动物园。 考查主谓一致。“together with”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与前面的主语保持一致，Tom是第三人称单数，且根据“this weekend”可知，时态是一般将来时，应用“be going to”结构，be动词用is。故选A。 14．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）_______ are crazy about listening to pop music in their spare time． A．Not only Tim but also the twins B．Neither Victor nor Tom C．Bill as well as his friends D．Either Anita or Jack 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不仅Tim而且那对双胞胎在他们的空闲时间都着迷听流行音乐。 考查主谓一致。Not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且”，be动词遵循“就近原则”，“twins”表示复数，be动词用are；Neither...nor意为“两者都不”，be动词遵循“就近原则”，“Tom”是单数，be动词用is；as well as意为“也”，be动词遵循“就远原则”，“Bill”是单数，be动词用is；Either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，be动词遵循“就近原则”，“Jack”是单数，be动词用is。故选A。 15．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—My best friend ______ to study abroad already. I think I will miss her. —Don’t worry. You can communicate with her online. A．decided B．decides C．have decided D．has decided 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我最好的朋友已经决定出国留学了。我想我会想念她的。——别担心。你可以在网上和她交流。 考查时态。根据“already”可知时态为现在完成时，其构成为主语+have/has+done；结合主语为“friend”为第三人称单数，用has decided符合。故选D。 16．（2025·四川资阳·三模）—What do you think of the environment here? —Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass. A．Two fifths, are B．Two fifth, is C．Two fifths, is D．Second five, are 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你认为这儿的环境怎么样？——好极了！五分之二的土地被树和草覆盖着。 考查分数的表达及用法。英语中分数表达方式为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1的时候，分母要加s，五分之二应表达为two fifths；“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词应与名词的数保持一致，结合land为不可数名词，所以be动词用其三单形式is。故选C。 17．（2025·山东淄博·二模）—I hear ________ your father ________ your mother likes watching Beijing Opera. —Right, just as many old people do in Beijing. A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not only, but also 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我听说不仅你的父亲而且你的母亲都喜欢看京剧。——是的，就像北京的许多老人一样。 考查连词短语辨析。both...and...表示“两者都”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；either...or...意为“要么……要么……” ，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”；neither...nor...意思是“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词同样遵循“就近原则”；not only...but also..表示“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词也遵循“就近原则” 。 本句中谓语动词“likes”为第三人称单数形式，所以排除“both...and...”；根据答语“Right, just as many old people do in Beijing.”可知，爸爸和妈妈都喜欢看京剧，“either...or...”和“neither...nor...”不符合语境，“not only...but also...”表示递进关系，符合“两者都喜欢”的语境。故选D。 18．（2025·上海闵行·三模）With the joint efforts of all the environment-minded people, the number of newly-planted trees ________ dramatically during the past ten years. A．has risen B．have risen C．has raised D．have raised 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在所有环保人士的共同努力下，过去十年中新种植的树木数量大幅增加。 考查主谓一致和动词辨析。rise表示太阳，月亮，数量等“升起，增长”，为不及物动词；raise表示工资，价格，地位等“提高”，为及物动词。根据“the number of newly-planted trees”可知，此处表示数量增加，且空后没有宾语，应用不及物动词rise；“the number of+名词复数”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A。 19．（2025·甘肃定西·二模）—Why were you absent from the basketball training yesterday? —Because there ________ an important examination. A．are B．were C．is D．was 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——昨天的篮球训练你为什么没来？——因为有一个重要的考试。 考查There be句型的一般过去时。主语“an important examination”是单数，且根据“yesterday”可知动作发生在过去，be动词用was。故选D。 20．（2025·甘肃天水·三模）—Why are you in such a hurry? —There ________ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three in five minutes. A．is B．are C．is going to be D．are going to be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你为什么这么着急？——五分钟后一班和三班有一场篮球比赛。 考查there be结构的将来时。此处是there be结构，根据“in five minutes”可知此处是there be结构的将来时there be going to be，主语是名词单数，be动词用is。故选C。 21．（2025·吉林长春·二模）—Sam, what are you doing here? —There ________ something wrong with my bike. I am here to get it repaired. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——山姆，你在这儿干什么？——我的自行车有点毛病。我是来修理它的。 考查There be句型。根据“There …something wrong with my bike. I am here to get it repaired.”可知，该句为there be结构，时态为一般现在时，主语是something，be动词用is。故选A。 22．（2025·西藏日喀则·一模）You don’t need to take any cash (现金) when shopping. You may pay by ________Alipay (支付宝) ________WeChat (微信). A．either; or B．neither; nor C．not; but D．between; and 【答案】A 【解析】句意：购物时你不需要带现金，你可以用支付宝或微信支付。 考查连词辨析。either...or...要么…… 要么……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；not...but...不是……而是……；between...and...在……和…… 之间。根据“You may pay by…Alipay (支付宝)…WeChat (微信).”可知，此处应该是“用支付宝或微信支付” 的选择关系。故选A。 23．（2025·云南楚雄·一模）Li Zhensheng, a great Chinese scientist, ________ as the “Food Hero” as well. A．knows B．known C．is known D．are known 【答案】C 【解析】句意：李振声，一位伟大的中国科学家，也被称为“粮食英雄”。 考查被动语态。“be known as”是固定短语，意为“被称为，被当作”，句子主语是“Li Zhensheng”，所以be动词用is。故选C。 24．（2025·山东东营·一模）Chinese paper-cutting is a traditional art form. It can ______ show beautiful patterns ______ express people’s wishes for good luck and happiness. A．neither... nor... B．not... but... C．either... or... D．not only... but also... 【答案】D 【解析】句意：中国剪纸是一种传统艺术形式。它不仅能展示美丽的图案，还能表达人们对好运和幸福的祝愿。 考查连词辨析。neither... nor...既不……也不……；not... but...不是……而是……；either... or...要么……要么……；not only... but also...不仅……而且……。根据“It can...show beautiful patterns...express people’s wishes for good luck and happiness.”可知，剪纸兼具展示图案和表达祝福双重功能，表示两者都肯定。故选D。 25．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）—Tom, as well as his friends, ________ interested in robotics. —They often build models together. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——Tom和他的朋友们都对机器人很感兴趣。——他们经常在一起制作机器人模型。 考查主谓一致。is用于主语为第三人称单数；are用于主语为复数；was为is和am的过去式；were为are的过去式。根据语境可知，谈论的是一般的状况，句子用一般现在时；主语后有 as well as 连接的其他名词时，谓语动词的数由第一个主语决定；句子主语是Tom，第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选A。 26．（2025·江苏宿迁·二模）—When are you going to visit Suqian SanTai Mountain Park? —I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK. I am free these two days. A．Not; but B．Neither; nor C．Either, or D．Both; and 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你打算什么时候去参观宿迁三台山公园？——我还没决定。要么这个星期天要么下个星期天都可以。这两天我有空。   考查连词短语辨析。Not... but...不是……而是……；Neither... nor...既不……也不……，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，表示否定意义；Either... or...表示“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，表示选择关系；Both... and...表示“……和……都”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示肯定意义。  根据“I haven’t decided.”以及“I am free these two days.”可知，说话人还没决定具体时间，这个星期天或者下个星期天都行，是在这两天中选择一天，所以用“Either... or...”符合语境r。故选C。 27．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）Neither Jim nor Tom ________ France before, but they know the country very well. A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：吉姆和汤姆以前都没去过法国，但他们对这个国家非常了解。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。has gone to去了某地，主语为第三人称单数；has been to去过某地，主语是第三人称单数；have gone to去了某地，主语为第一人称或者是复数；have been to去过某地，主语为第一人称或者是复数。根据“Neither Jim nor Tom ... France before”可知，吉姆和汤姆以前没去过法国，表示“去过某地”应用have/has been to；“neither... nor...”连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”，Tom是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故选B。 28．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）I’m interested in ________ the comedy ________ the documentary. I enjoy cartoons. A．both; and B．either; or C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我对喜剧和纪录片都不感兴趣。我喜欢动画片。 考查连词辨析。both...and两者都；either...or或者……或者；neither...nor既不……也不；not only...but also不仅……而且。根据“I enjoy cartoons.”可知，“我”喜欢动画片，因此“我”既不喜欢喜剧，也不喜欢纪录片，故选C。 29．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Reading fiction is ________ entertaining ________ develops critical thinking skills. A．neither; nor B．either; or C．not; but D．not only; but also 【答案】D 【解析】句意： 阅读小说不仅具有娱乐性，还能培养批判性思维能力。 考查连词辨析。neither…nor…既不……也不……；either…or…要么……要么……；not…but…不是……而是……；not only…but also…不仅……而且……。根据“Reading fiction is…entertaining…develops critical thinking skills.”可知，此处指阅读小说不仅具有娱乐性，还能培养批判性思维能力。故选D。 30．（2025·甘肃白银·二模）Jackie likes reading books that ________ students’ real life. A．describe B．describes’ C．was describing D．is describing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：Jackie喜欢读那些描述学生真实生活的书。 考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，空处作从句谓语，that指代“books”，为复数，be动词用are/were，实义动词用原形，describe符合语法要求。故选A。 31．（2025·安徽六安·二模）Frank isn’t very friendly to others. As a result, all my classmates except him ________ Christmas presents from one another. A．have got B．has got C．gets D．were getting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：弗兰克对别人不太友好。因此，除了他之外，我所有的同学都收到了彼此送的圣诞礼物。 考查主谓一致以及现在完成时的用法。根据“all my classmates（我的所有同学，复数概念）”以及句子语境可知，这里表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，要用现在完成时，且主语不是第三人称单数，所以要用have got。故选A。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 主谓一致 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 2 ★ 考点 主谓一致 2 04 优题精选·练能提分 6 考点 课标要求 复习目标 主谓一致 · 1. 掌握语法一致、意义一致、就近原则三大核心； · 2. 熟练运用不同主语（名词、代词、短语、从句等）的谓语单复数规则； · 3. 掌握 “the number of/a number of”“either...or...” 等特殊结构用法 1. 精准判断主语对应的谓语单复数； 2. 区分三大原则适用场景，规避集体名词、分数作主语等常见错误；3. 应对中考各题型（单选、完形、语法填空等）的主谓一致考查。 命题预测 1. 核心考点：三大原则、特殊结构（there be、并列连词连接主语）； 2. 考查题型：单选、完形、语法填空、单词拼写； 3. 命题趋势：与时态综合考查，侧重语境灵活运用 解题锦囊 1. 定原则：先判断主语符合哪类原则，再定谓语单复数； 2. 记特殊：the number of + 复数→单数，a number of + 复数→复数； 3. 看连接词：and/both...and...→复数，as well as/with→就远原则，either...or...→就近原则； 4. 辨主语：集体名词表整体→单数、表个体→复数，分数 / 百分数→随指代名词单复数 1.主谓语一致 1.1.语法一致原则 具体用法 例句 单数名词或代词、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。复数名词或代词，以及and或“both...and...”连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 My friend goes to school by bus every day.我的朋友每天坐公交车上学。Tomatoes and potatoes are what I'm going to buy.西红柿和土豆是我要买的东西。 every,each,either,neither,one of,no one 及 everyone,somebody,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Nothing ever happens in this town.这镇上从来都不会发生什么（特别的）事。 当主语由 as well as,along with,together with,but,except,besides等词连接时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由其前面的名词来决定。 My mother as well as her workmates has been to Beijing.谓语动词的单复数由My mother决定我母亲和她的同事曾去过北京。 “the number of+复数可数名词”表示“．．．．．·的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“a number of+复数可数名词”表示“许多······”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The number of the girl students is over twenty.女生的数量是20多个。A number of houses were destroyed in the earthquake.地震中许多房子被毁。 动词不定式、动名词形式及从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To say something is usually easier than to do something.说往往比做容易。 1.2.意义一致原则 用法 例句 集体名词 class,family,government,group,team等作主语时，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果侧重集体中的个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。 Mr.Smith's family is a big one.史密斯先生家是一个大家庭.表示family这一整体概念 Mr.Smith's family are watching TV.史密斯一家人正在看电视。表示家庭成员 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的词语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Sixty kilos isn't heavy for him.60千克对他来说不算重。 分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的单复数保持一致。 Four fifths of the juice is orange.It is very pure. 五分之四的果汁是橙汁。非常纯。谓语动词与分数所指代的the juice一致 some,all,lots of,half,the rest of,most等后面接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与该名词或代词的单复数保持一致。 All the milk has gone bad.牛奶全都变质了。 1.3.就近原则 用法 例句 在there be句型中，谓语动词要与最邻近be的主语保持一致。 There is a table and two chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。There are two chairs and a table in the room.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。 or,"either...or...""neither...nor...”“not only...but also...”等连接两并列主语时，谓语动词的数常与最邻近的主语的数保持一致。 Either you or your sister has to go there right now.谓语动词由最邻近的主语 your sister 决定 要么你要么你妹妹需要立刻去那里。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·吉林长春）There ________ some flowers in my room. I often water them. A．is B．are C．was D．were 2．（2025·甘肃白银）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A．is B．was C．are D．were 3．（2025·黑龙江）There ________ no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list. We need to add ________ to the salad. A．is; them B．are; them C．are; it 4．（2025·黑龙江绥化）My mother with her students ________ to volunteer at the old people’s home next week. A．is going B．are going C．goes 二、单词拼写 1．（2025·江苏无锡）Simon and I (work) on a history project now. 2．（2025·江苏无锡）It’s clean and beautiful now, but in the past there (be) a lot of pollution. 3．（2025·甘肃白银）We all (love) our country very much! 4．（2025·四川达州）He always (spend) time with his family on weekends. 三、完成句子 1．（2025·贵州）有很多管理好体重的方法。 many ways to manage our weight. 一、单词拼写 1．（2024·甘肃兰州）I don’t have a volleyball, but my brother Jim (do). 2．（2024·江苏无锡）Don’t lose heart, son. There (be) always a way out. 二、完成句子 1．（2024·江苏无锡）你要么冒险继续等待，要么现在就放弃。 You can now. 2．（2024·甘肃白银）人生就像一匹马，要么你驾驭它，要么它驾驭你。 Life is like a horse, and you ride it it rides you. 3．（2024·贵州）相声中有说学逗唱四种主要艺术手段。 four key skills of xiangsheng—shuo, xue, dou and chang. 三、单项选择 1．（2024·四川攀枝花）—How about climbing Donghua Mountain this weekend? —Sounds great. Then a pair of comfortable sports shoes ________ necessary. A．is B．was C．are D．were 2．（2024·江苏南京）There ________ different opinions on smart technology. What do you think about it? A．is B．are C．have D．has 3．（2024·甘肃甘南）—How many doctors are there in your hospital, Peter? —________ them ________ over one hundred. A．The number of; is B．A number of; are C．A number of; is 4．（2024·甘肃甘南）Either he or I ________ going to host this year’s Talent Show in our school because we are both good at hosting. A．am B．are C．is 5．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江）Having good manners ________ necessary when you visit a foreign country. A．are B．is C．was 6．（2024·吉林长春）—There ________ many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best? —Climbing a Tower by Wang Zhihuan. A．are B．is C．were D．was 7．（2024·黑龙江绥化）In China, a number of birthday persons ________ cakes with candles. The number of candles ________ the person’s age. A．has; is B．eats; are C．eat; is 8．（2024·黑龙江绥化）Look! There ________ some information about traffic rules in this book. A．is B．are C．was 9．（2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—How many students are there in your class? —______ the students in our class is 45. And half of them ______ boys. A．The number of; are B．A number of; are C．The number of; is D．A number of; is 10．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Why can’t I say what I want to say? —Please be patient. Only one of the students ________ to speak at a time. A．allows B．allowed C．is allowed D．are allowed 11．（2025·云南昆明·三模）Hanging the couplets ________ one of the traditional customs during the Chinese New Year. A．be B．am C．is D．are 12．（2025·全国·二模）About ________ of people enjoy the TV play. And 70 percent of the music in it ________ very original (原创的). A．three fifths; is B．three fifths; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifth; are 13．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Tom, together with his parents, ________ going to visit the zoo this weekend. A．is B．are C．was D．were 14．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）_______ are crazy about listening to pop music in their spare time． A．Not only Tim but also the twins B．Neither Victor nor Tom C．Bill as well as his friends D．Either Anita or Jack 15．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—My best friend ______ to study abroad already. I think I will miss her. —Don’t worry. You can communicate with her online. A．decided B．decides C．have decided D．has decided 16．（2025·四川资阳·三模）—What do you think of the environment here? —Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass. A．Two fifths, are B．Two fifth, is C．Two fifths, is D．Second five, are 17．（2025·山东淄博·二模）—I hear ________ your father ________ your mother likes watching Beijing Opera. —Right, just as many old people do in Beijing. A．both, and B．either, or C．neither, nor D．not only, but also 18．（2025·上海闵行·三模）With the joint efforts of all the environment-minded people, the number of newly-planted trees ________ dramatically during the past ten years. A．has risen B．have risen C．has raised D．have raised 19．（2025·甘肃定西·二模）—Why were you absent from the basketball training yesterday? —Because there ________ an important examination. A．are B．were C．is D．was 20．（2025·甘肃天水·三模）—Why are you in such a hurry? —There ________ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three in five minutes. A．is B．are C．is going to be D．are going to be 21．（2025·吉林长春·二模）—Sam, what are you doing here? —There ________ something wrong with my bike. I am here to get it repaired. A．is B．are C．was D．were 22．（2025·西藏日喀则·一模）You don’t need to take any cash (现金) when shopping. You may pay by ________Alipay (支付宝) ________WeChat (微信). A．either; or B．neither; nor C．not; but D．between; and 23．（2025·云南楚雄·一模）Li Zhensheng, a great Chinese scientist, ________ as the “Food Hero” as well. A．knows B．known C．is known D．are known 24．（2025·山东东营·一模）Chinese paper-cutting is a traditional art form. It can ______ show beautiful patterns ______ express people’s wishes for good luck and happiness. A．neither... nor... B．not... but... C．either... or... D．not only... but also... 25．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）—Tom, as well as his friends, ________ interested in robotics. —They often build models together. A．is B．are C．was D．were 26．（2025·江苏宿迁·二模）—When are you going to visit Suqian SanTai Mountain Park? —I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK. I am free these two days. A．Not; but B．Neither; nor C．Either, or D．Both; and 27．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）Neither Jim nor Tom ________ France before, but they know the country very well. A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to 28．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）I’m interested in ________ the comedy ________ the documentary. I enjoy cartoons. A．both; and B．either; or C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 29．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Reading fiction is ________ entertaining ________ develops critical thinking skills. A．neither; nor B．either; or C．not; but D．not only; but also 30．（2025·甘肃白银·二模）Jackie likes reading books that ________ students’ real life. A．describe B．describes’ C．was describing D．is describing 31．（2025·安徽六安·二模）Frank isn’t very friendly to others. As a result, all my classmates except him ________ Christmas presents from one another. A．have got B．has got C．gets D．were getting 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $