专题05 过去进行时（寒假复习讲义）八年级英语新教材外研版

专题05 过去进行时 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识精讲 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行或发生的动作，意为“那时正在……” 。常用的标志词：at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home当我爸爸回到家的时候；when I passed by the playground当我经过操场的时候；while I was reading当我正在阅读的时候。 过去进行时的用法： 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home 过去进行时的结构： when, while和as的用法 (1)when, while和as这三个词均有“当······时候”的意思。 如:There were already many people in the meeting room when he arrived.他到场时会议室已有很多While Millie was watching TV, her mum was sleeping.米莉在看电视时她妈妈在睡觉。 I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning.今天早晨我骑车上学时看见一起交通事故。 (2)when和as既可以指某一点时间,也可以指某一段时间,其引导的从句中的谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的,也可以是延续性的;while指一段时间,其引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。指一段时间时,when、while和as都可用;指某一点时间时,只能用when或as,不能用while。 试比较: When/As he woke up, it was eight o'clock.(✓) While he woke up, it was eight o'clock.(x) When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her.(✓) (3)当某个动作正在进行时,又发生了另一动作,我们常用过去进行时表示正在进行的长动作, 用一般过去时表示短动作。此时when、while、as都可以连接主从句,构成“一般过去时+when/while/as+过去进行时”结构,过去进行时动作成为一般过去时动作发生的“背景”。这种情况下,连词when、while、as既可位于句中,也可位于句首。 如: It began to rain heavily when/while/as we were having dinner. 我们在吃晚饭时,开始下起大雨。(have dinner为长动作) When/While/As we were reading, a stranger came in. 当我们正在看书时,一个陌生人走了进来。(read 为长动作) (4)谈论两个同时进行的长动作(事件、情况),常用“过去进行时+while+过去进行时”结构。while也可位于句首。 如:They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill.当我们在爬山时,他们在划船。 While she was making a phone call, I was writing an email.当她在打电话时,我正在写一封电子邮件。 (5)强调某个动作正在进行时,另一个动作突然发生,常用“过去进行时+when+一般过去时”结构。 如:I was walking in the street when he called me.他打电话给我时,我正走在街上。 好题精练 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·内蒙古通辽·期末）—I met Jack when I passed by the garden. —Yes, he _______ some flowers with the help of his mother. A．planted B．is planting C．was planting D．will plant 2．（24-25八年级上·福建三明·期末）When I got home, my brother ________ an e-mail to his e-friend from England. A．sends B．was sending C．will send 3．（24-25八年级上·云南昭通·期末）—What happened to the boy? —He hit an old man ________ he was cycling to cross the road. A．if B．while C．whether D．but 4．（24-25八年级上·福建龙岩·期末）—I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? —I ________ a walk by the lake with my grandfather. A．had B．am having C．was having 5．（24-25八年级上·山东威海·期末）—I knocked at your door last night, but you ________ at home. —Oh, I ________ at the supermarket. A．didn’t; shopped B．weren’t; were shopping C．weren’t; was shopping 6．（24-25八年级上·北京门头沟·期末）Miss Wang ________ her students English at 9 yesterday morning. A．teaches B．taught C．was teaching D．will teach 7．（24-25八年级上·四川广安·期末）My mother _________ when he knocked at the door. A．has cooked B．was cooking C．is cooking 8．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）—Why weren’t you at the meeting? —I ________ for a call from my husband in Guangdong. A．waited B．had waited C．was waiting 9．（24-25八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）—I called you this morning, but you didn’t answer the phone. —Sorry, I ________ the flowers in the garden then. A．water B．watered C．am watering D．was watering 10．（25-26九年级上·江西景德镇·期中）I was doing my homework ________ my friend called me. A．when B．once C．while D．since 11．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）—Is everything ready for the New Year Party? —I don’t think so. Henry and Hans ________ the room when I met them this morning. A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating 12．（24-25八年级下·北京密云·期末）I ________ the flowers in the garden when my phone suddenly rang. A．water B．watered C．was watering D．will water 13．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）While I ________ dinner, the phone rang. A．cook B．cooked C．was cooking D．am cooking 14．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江鸡西·期末）While my mother ________ clothes at home after work, my father called her and told her the good news. A．is washing B．was washing C．washed 15．（24-25八年级下·甘肃陇南·期末）—Could you see a girl in a red dress walk by just now? —No, Steve. I ________ a book at that time. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．were read 真题感知 1．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Suzy ________ her bedroom at this time yesterday, so she didn’t go shopping. A．tidies B．tidied C．is tidying D．was tidying 2．（2025·北京·中考真题）Mary ________ a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening. A．draws B．was drawing C．is drawing D．will draw 3．（2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题）—Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? —Sorry, dear. I don’t know. I _________ in the kitchen then. A．cook B．was cooking C．have cooked D．will cook 4．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）When Li Lei came into the room, his friends ________ for his birthday party. A．prepared B．are preparing C．were preparing 5．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? —Sorry, dear. I don’t know. I ________ in the kitchen then. A．cook B．was cooking C．have cooked D．will cook 6．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call just now. Because I ________ knowledge from the astronauts in Tiangong Classroom. A．learnt B．am learning C．has learnt D．was learning 7．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study. A．am reading B．have read C．was reading D．will read 8．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking 9．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A．will practice B．have practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing 10．（2024·福建·中考真题）When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．helps B．was helping C．will help 综合提升练 一、单词拼写 1．What you (do) while the teacher was away? 2．I (shop) at the supermarket when it rained yesterday. 3．I (mop) up the water at this time yesterday. 4．When I saw Mr Wang, he (write) a report. 5．When I got home, my pet dog (lie) on the floor. 6．I’m sorry that I didn’t hear what you said just now because I (listen) to music. 7．—Why weren’t you in the room at 10 o’clock this morning, Betty? —Oh, I (talk) with my grandma in the garden. 8．We (watch) TV while my mother (read) books at this time last night. 9．Jim (chat) on the Internet while Mom was cooking. 10．We (have) dinner when it began to snow. 二、完成句子 11．Millie is looking for some information now. (用at this time yesterday改写) Millie for some information . 12．I was sleeping when the telephone rang. (改为一般疑问句) you when the telephone rang? 13．My brother was having lunch when I got home. (改为一般疑问句) your brother lunch when you got home? 14．I was doing my homework when my father got home. (对画线部分提问) you when your father got home? 15．He was reading a newspaper at 9 o’clock last night. (对画线部分提问) he a newspaper? 三、语法选择 Last winter I decided to work as a volunteer. I applied for (申请) jobs at a few shops but 16 of them had any jobs for teenagers. Then, one day my mom told me the zoo 17 for teenagers to work on the weekend. I applied for the job online. A few days later, I got a phone call from the manager. He asked me 18 to work the following Saturday. 19 Saturday morning I went to the zoo early. The manager gave me 20 uniform which I had to put on over my normal clothes. He also gave 21 a pair of boots (靴子) because it was wet and dirty everywhere. My first job was to clean the elephant house. It was good that I was with another girl named Jane. She 22 working here last summer. She told me 23 to do the job and helped me a lot. My next job was to clean the lion’s cage (笼子). I was really scared but 24 the lion wasn’t in the cage at that time. It’s been a couple of months 25 I started my volunteer job. I really love it 16．A．both B．none C．all 17．A．will look B．looks C．was looking 18．A．to go B．go C．going 19．A．Off B．From C．On 20．A．a B．an C．the 21．A．I B．my C．me 22．A．is starting B．has started C．started 23．A．where B．which C．how 24．A．luckily B．luck C．lucky 25．A．until B．unless C．since 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题, 每小题1分） Wang Sun is the founder of Demingshe, a tea art training school in Huangshan City. Huangshan City, with a long history of drinking tea, is 26 birthplace of several famous teas such as Huangshan Maofeng, Taiping Houkui and Keemun black tea. As a pioneer in developing innovative (创新的) tea-making skills, Wang started the research and exploration of the new-style tea drinks in 2021. She mixes the tea, including ice cubes, fresh fruits, herbal medicines, 27 rice wine with bar tools. It 28 (create) drinks with different flavours, mouthfeels and appearances. The tea drinks hit the market and 29 (immediate) received good responses from customers. “It is important for young people 30 (have) their tea drinks because they are much healthier and 31 (pleasant) both to the tongues and eyes,” Wang said. Nowadays, more and more customers 32 (attract) by innovative tea drinks and products. 33 Wang’s opinion, tea mixologist (调制师) is a new profession with both opportunities and challenges. While 34 (keep) the traditional culture, they should also use scientific and technological ways to innovate and create new 35 (product) that meet the current style of tea drinking. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 过去进行时 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 中考/高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识精讲 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行或发生的动作，意为“那时正在……” 。常用的标志词：at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home当我爸爸回到家的时候；when I passed by the playground当我经过操场的时候；while I was reading当我正在阅读的时候。 过去进行时的用法： 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home 过去进行时的结构： when, while和as的用法 (1)when, while和as这三个词均有“当······时候”的意思。 如:There were already many people in the meeting room when he arrived.他到场时会议室已有很多While Millie was watching TV, her mum was sleeping.米莉在看电视时她妈妈在睡觉。 I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning.今天早晨我骑车上学时看见一起交通事故。 (2)when和as既可以指某一点时间,也可以指某一段时间,其引导的从句中的谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的,也可以是延续性的;while指一段时间,其引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。指一段时间时,when、while和as都可用;指某一点时间时,只能用when或as,不能用while。 试比较: When/As he woke up, it was eight o'clock.(✓) While he woke up, it was eight o'clock.(x) When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her.(✓) (3)当某个动作正在进行时,又发生了另一动作,我们常用过去进行时表示正在进行的长动作, 用一般过去时表示短动作。此时when、while、as都可以连接主从句,构成“一般过去时+when/while/as+过去进行时”结构,过去进行时动作成为一般过去时动作发生的“背景”。这种情况下,连词when、while、as既可位于句中,也可位于句首。 如: It began to rain heavily when/while/as we were having dinner. 我们在吃晚饭时,开始下起大雨。(have dinner为长动作) When/While/As we were reading, a stranger came in. 当我们正在看书时,一个陌生人走了进来。(read 为长动作) (4)谈论两个同时进行的长动作(事件、情况),常用“过去进行时+while+过去进行时”结构。while也可位于句首。 如:They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill.当我们在爬山时,他们在划船。 While she was making a phone call, I was writing an email.当她在打电话时,我正在写一封电子邮件。 (5)强调某个动作正在进行时,另一个动作突然发生,常用“过去进行时+when+一般过去时”结构。 如:I was walking in the street when he called me.他打电话给我时,我正走在街上。 好题精练 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·内蒙古通辽·期末）—I met Jack when I passed by the garden. —Yes, he _______ some flowers with the help of his mother. A．planted B．is planting C．was planting D．will plant 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我路过花园的时候遇见了杰克。——是的，他当时正在妈妈的帮助下种花。 考查动词的时态。根据“I met Jack when I passed by the garden”可推知，“遇见杰克”是过去的动作，同时“种花”这个动作正在进行，所以用过去进行时“was planting”。故选C。 2．（24-25八年级上·福建三明·期末）When I got home, my brother ________ an e-mail to his e-friend from England. A．sends B．was sending C．will send 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我到家时，我哥哥正在发送一封电子邮件给他的英国网友。 考查动词的时态和过去进行时。sends发送,表示一般现在时；was sending正在发送，表示过去进行时；will send将发送，表示一般将来时。根据“When I got home”可知，表示过去时间点，此处指动作发生在过去，且强调在到家那一刻正在进行的动作，因此需用过去进行时描述。故选B。 3．（24-25八年级上·云南昭通·期末）—What happened to the boy? —He hit an old man ________ he was cycling to cross the road. A．if B．while C．whether D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——那个男孩发生了什么？——他在骑车过马路时撞到了一位老人。 考查连词辨析。if如果；while当……时；whether是否；but但是。根据“He hit an old man...he was cycling to cross the road.”可知，空白处需填入表示时间的连词，连接“撞到老人”和“骑车过马路”两个同时发生的动作，强调时间背景。故选B。 4．（24-25八年级上·福建龙岩·期末）—I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? —I ________ a walk by the lake with my grandfather. A．had B．am having C．was having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我昨晚给你打电话，但没人接。那时你在哪儿？——我正在和我爷爷在湖边散步。 考查过去进行时的用法。had，一般过去时；am having，现在进行时；was having，过去进行时。根据问句中“last night”和“then”可知，动作发生在昨晚“打电话时”，是过去的具体时间点，因此应用过去进行时表示“那时正在散步”。故选C。 5．（24-25八年级上·山东威海·期末）—I knocked at your door last night, but you ________ at home. —Oh, I ________ at the supermarket. A．didn’t; shopped B．weren’t; were shopping C．weren’t; was shopping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚我敲了你家的门，但你不在家。——哦，我当时在超市购物。 考查时态辨析和主谓一致。didn’t用于实义动词否定，不适用于状态描述；shopped为一般过去时，不强调进行动作；were shopping主语应为复数，“I”为单数，不匹配；weren’t表否定状态，“was shopping”表示过去进行。第一空表示“不在家”的状态，主语为“you”，时态为一般过去时，be动词的过去否定形式为weren’t；第二空表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时。故选C。 6．（24-25八年级上·北京门头沟·期末）Miss Wang ________ her students English at 9 yesterday morning. A．teaches B．taught C．was teaching D．will teach 【答案】C 【详解】句意：王老师昨天早上9点正在教她的学生英语。 考查动词时态。teaches第三人称单数形式；taught过去式；was teaching过去进行时；will teach一般将来时。根据“at 9 yesterday morning”可知，表示过去的具体时间点，强调动作正在进行，需用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing。故选C。 7．（24-25八年级上·四川广安·期末）My mother _________ when he knocked at the door. A．has cooked B．was cooking C．is cooking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当他敲门时，我的妈妈正在做饭。 考查时态。has cooked已经做饭，现在完成时；was cooking过去正在做饭，过去进行时；is cooking正在做饭，现在进行时。由“knocked”可知，从句敲门是过去动作，对应主句应表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选B。 8．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）—Why weren’t you at the meeting? —I ________ for a call from my husband in Guangdong. A．waited B．had waited C．was waiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么没来开会？——我在等我丈夫从广东打来的电话。 考查过去进行时。根据问句“Why weren’t you at the meeting?”可知，问句询问的是“开会这一特定的时间点”缺席的原因，答句需要表达该时间点正在做的事情，因此使用过去进行时，结合语境应用was waiting。故选C。 9．（24-25八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）—I called you this morning, but you didn’t answer the phone. —Sorry, I ________ the flowers in the garden then. A．water B．watered C．am watering D．was watering 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我今天早上给你打电话了，但你没接。——对不起，我当时在花园里浇花。 考查过去进行时。根据“then”可知，此处强调“打电话的那个过去时间点正在做的事”，需用过去进行时。was watering符合语境。故选D。 10．（25-26九年级上·江西景德镇·期中）I was doing my homework ________ my friend called me. A．when B．once C．while D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我的朋友给我打电话时，我正在做作业。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；once一旦；while当……时；since自从。句中“called”为非延续性动词，且主句“was doing”是过去进行时，从句是一般过去时，符合“when”的用法，表示主句动作与从句动作同时发生，故选A。 11．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）—Is everything ready for the New Year Party? —I don’t think so. Henry and Hans ________ the room when I met them this morning. A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——新年派对的所有东西都准备好了吗？——我不这么认为。今天早上我遇到亨利和汉斯时，他们正在装饰房间。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“when I met them this morning.”可知，此处表示今天早上遇到他们时，他们正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were doing”的形式，主语是“Henry and Hans”两个人，be动词用were。故选D。 12．（24-25八年级下·北京密云·期末）I ________ the flowers in the garden when my phone suddenly rang. A．water B．watered C．was watering D．will water 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我正在花园里浇花，这时电话突然响了。 考查动词时态。根据“when my phone suddenly rang”可知，此处指过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语为I，be动词用was，water的现在分词为watering。故选C。 13．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）While I ________ dinner, the phone rang. A．cook B．cooked C．was cooking D．am cooking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我正在做晚饭时，电话响了。 考查动词时态。根据“While”以及“the phone rang.”可知，当while引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词需用进行时态表示动作的持续性，主句动作为瞬间性过去事件，发生在从句动作的进行过程中，因此设空处为过去进行时，故选C。 14．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江鸡西·期末）While my mother ________ clothes at home after work, my father called her and told her the good news. A．is washing B．was washing C．washed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当妈妈下班在家洗衣服的时候，爸爸打电话给她，告诉她这个好消息。 考查过去进行时。根据题干可知，主句采用了一般过去时，while引导的时间状语从句表示“过去某一时刻正在进行的动作”，应用过去进行时。故选B。 15．（24-25八年级下·甘肃陇南·期末）—Could you see a girl in a red dress walk by just now? —No, Steve. I ________ a book at that time. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．were read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——刚才你有没有看到一个穿着红色连衣裙的女孩走过？ ——不，史蒂夫。当时我正在看书呢。 考查过去进行时。结合问句“Could you see a girl in a red dress walk by just now?”及答句“at that time”可知，问句在询问对方是否刚才看到一个女孩走过，答句在回复对方那个时候正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”。故选C。 真题感知 1．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Suzy ________ her bedroom at this time yesterday, so she didn’t go shopping. A．tidies B．tidied C．is tidying D．was tidying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，苏西正在整理她的卧室，所以她没有去购物。 考查过去进行时。根据“at this time yesterday”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选D。 2．（2025·北京·中考真题）Mary ________ a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening. A．draws B．was drawing C．is drawing D．will draw 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天晚上，当她的爸爸回家时，玛丽正在画画。 考查动词时态。本句是含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，从句是一般过去时，主句应为过去进行时，结构是was/were doing，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选B。 3．（2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题）—Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? —Sorry, dear. I don’t know. I _________ in the kitchen then. A．cook B．was cooking C．have cooked D．will cook 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——辛迪，我的太阳镜在地板上，坏了。发生了什么事？——对不起，亲爱的。我不知道。当时我在厨房做饭呢。 考查动词的时态。根据“What happened?”和“then”可知，此处指太阳镜坏的时候正在做饭，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选B。 4．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）When Li Lei came into the room, his friends ________ for his birthday party. A．prepared B．are preparing C．were preparing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当李雷走进房间时，他的朋友们正在为他的生日聚会做准备。 考查过去进行时。根据“When Li Lei came into the room, his friends ... for his birthday party.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选C。 5．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? —Sorry, dear. I don’t know. I ________ in the kitchen then. A．cook B．was cooking C．have cooked D．will cook 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Cindy，我的太阳镜在地上，它们坏了。发生了什么？——对不起，亲爱的。我不知道。我当时在厨房做饭。 考查时态。根据“What happened?”和“then”可知，此处指太阳镜坏的时候正在做饭，用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选B。 6．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call just now. Because I ________ knowledge from the astronauts in Tiangong Classroom. A．learnt B．am learning C．has learnt D．was learning 【答案】D 【详解】句意：抱歉我刚才没接你的电话。因为我在天宫课堂向宇航员学习知识。 考查动词时态。根据“just now”和语境可知，未接电话的原因是当时正在学习，应用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选D。 7．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study. A．am reading B．have read C．was reading D．will read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Amy，你昨天晚上没接我的电话。你在干什么？——对不起，我没听到铃声。我当时正在书房里读书。 考查动词的时态。read阅读；am reading现在进行时；have read现在完成时；was reading过去进行时；will read一般将来时。根据“yesterday evening”和问句“What were you doing?”可知，此处是在描述过去某一时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选C。 8．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嗨，约翰！有什么事吗？你打电话的时候我正在洗澡。 考查过去进行时。根据“I...a shower when you called.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选C。 9．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A．will practice B．have practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——海伦，昨天下午五点我没看见你在教室里。——噢，那时我正在为毕业典礼练习唱歌。 考查过去进行时。根据“at five yesterday afternoon”和“at that time”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选D。 10．（2024·福建·中考真题）When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road. A．helps B．was helping C．will help 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我看见小王时，他正帮助一位老人过马路。 考查过去进行时。根据“When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ... an old man cross the road.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选B。 综合提升练 一、单词拼写 1．What you (do) while the teacher was away? 【答案】 were doing 【详解】句意：老师不在的时候，你在做什么？do“做”，动词；根据从句“while the teacher was away”可知，主句动作在从句描述的时间段内正在进行，故应用过去进行时（were/was+doing）。主语“you”是第二人称，助动词用were，动词用现在分词doing。故填were；doing。 2．I (shop) at the supermarket when it rained yesterday. 【答案】was shopping 【详解】句意：昨天下雨的时候，我正在超市购物。根据“when it rained yesterday”可知，此处表示在过去某一特定时刻（下雨时）正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。主语I是第一人称单数，助动词用was；shop的现在分词形式为shopping。故填was shopping。 3．I (mop) up the water at this time yesterday. 【答案】was mopping 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候我正在擦水。mop“擦拭”，动词原形，根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，本句为过去进行时态，过去进行时态的结构为was/were+doing，主语为“I”，应用was，mop的现在分词形式为mopping。故填was mopping。 4．When I saw Mr Wang, he (write) a report. 【答案】was writing 【详解】句意：当我看到王先生时，他正在写一份报告。根据“When I saw Mr Wang, he...”可知空格处需填入谓语动词，描述“看到王先生”时他正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语“he”，动词用was。故填was writing。 5．When I got home, my pet dog (lie) on the floor. 【答案】was lying 【详解】句意：当我到家时，我的宠物狗正躺在地板上。lie“躺”，根据“When I got home”可知，此处表示当我到家时，我的宠物狗正躺在地板上，用过去进行时，主语my pet dog是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was lying。 6．I’m sorry that I didn’t hear what you said just now because I (listen) to music. 【答案】was listening 【详解】句意：很抱歉刚才没听到你说的话，因为我在听音乐。根据“I didn’t hear what you said just now because I...to music”可知空格处为从句的谓语动词，需与主句“didn’t hear”的过去时间呼应，且“听音乐”是导致“没听见”的原因动作，强调当时正在进行（was/were + doing）。故填was listening。 7．—Why weren’t you in the room at 10 o’clock this morning, Betty? —Oh, I (talk) with my grandma in the garden. 【答案】was talking 【详解】句意：——贝蒂，今天早上10点你为什么不在房间里？——哦，我正在花园里和我的奶奶聊天。根据“Why weren’t you in the room at 10 o’clock this morning, Betty?”可知，此处表示在过去某个时间正在做某事，用过去进行时，主语I是第一人称单数，be动词用was。故填was talking。 8．We (watch) TV while my mother (read) books at this time last night. 【答案】 were watching was reading 【详解】句意：昨晚这个时候，我们正在看电视，而我妈妈正在看书。根据“at this time last night”可知，句子描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，因此两个空都应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 动词的现在分词”。“We”是第一人称复数，be动词用“were”，“watch”的现在分词是“watching”；“my mother”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“read”的现在分词是“reading”。故填were watching；was reading。 9．Jim (chat) on the Internet while Mom was cooking. 【答案】was chatting 【详解】句意：当妈妈正在做饭时，Jim正在网上聊天。chat“聊天”，是动词，根据“while”和“was cooking”可知此处句子时态为过去进行时，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，而主语Jim为第三人称单数，所以be动词应用was，故填was；chatting。 10．We (have) dinner when it began to snow. 【答案】were having 【详解】句意：当开始下雪的时候，我们正在吃晚餐。结合语境可知此处是when引导的时间状语从句，从句采用一般过去时，则主句应用过去进行时，表示当时正在发生的动作，其结构为：was/were+现在分词。主语we为复数，be动词应用were，动词have的现在分词为having。故填were having。 二、完成句子 11．Millie is looking for some information now. (用at this time yesterday改写) Millie for some information . 【答案】 was looking at this time yesterday 【详解】句意：米莉现在正在查找一些信息。原句是现在进行时，表示现在正在发生的动作，谓语动词是“is looking”。当用“at this time yesterday”改写时，句子时态要变为过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时的结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，由于主语Millie是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，动词“look”的现在分词是“looking”，其他部分“for some information”保持不变，时间状语“at this time yesterday”放在句末。故填was；looking；at；this；time；yesterday。 12．I was sleeping when the telephone rang. (改为一般疑问句) you when the telephone rang? 【答案】 Were sleeping 【详解】句意：电话响的时候我正在睡觉。原句为过去进行时的肯定句，其结构是“主语+was/were +动词现在分词”。改为一般疑问句时，需将be动词（was/were）提前到句首，因为原句主语是I，变为疑问句后主语变为you，对应的be动词要用were，后面动词现在分词sleeping保持不变。故填Were；sleeping。 13．My brother was having lunch when I got home. (改为一般疑问句) your brother lunch when you got home? 【答案】 Was having 【详解】句意：你到家的时候，你哥哥正在吃午饭吗？考查将陈述句改为一般疑问句。原句是过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 动词的现在分词”，改为一般疑问句时，需将be动词was提前至句首，首字母大写，并将第一人称my改为第二人称your，其他部分保持不变。故填Was；having。 14．I was doing my homework when my father got home. (对画线部分提问) you when your father got home? 【答案】 What were doing 【详解】句意：当我父亲到家的时候，我正在做作业。划线部分为“doing my homework”，是对做什么事情的提问，应用特殊疑问词what，并置于句首；再根据“was doing”可知，本句时态为过去进行时；当主语为第一人称I时，要变为第二人称you，was也需变为对应的were，疑问句时，需把were提到主语you前。故填What；were；doing。 15．He was reading a newspaper at 9 o’clock last night. (对画线部分提问) he a newspaper? 【答案】 When was reading 【详解】句意：他昨晚九点正在看报纸。原句中“at 9 o’clock last night”表示时间，对时间提问用特殊疑问词when。原句是过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 动词现在分词”，变为疑问句时，需将was/were提前，这里主语是he，所以用was，动词现在分词reading保持不变。故填When；was；reading。 三、语法选择 Last winter I decided to work as a volunteer. I applied for (申请) jobs at a few shops but 16 of them had any jobs for teenagers. Then, one day my mom told me the zoo 17 for teenagers to work on the weekend. I applied for the job online. A few days later, I got a phone call from the manager. He asked me 18 to work the following Saturday. 19 Saturday morning I went to the zoo early. The manager gave me 20 uniform which I had to put on over my normal clothes. He also gave 21 a pair of boots (靴子) because it was wet and dirty everywhere. My first job was to clean the elephant house. It was good that I was with another girl named Jane. She 22 working here last summer. She told me 23 to do the job and helped me a lot. My next job was to clean the lion’s cage (笼子). I was really scared but 24 the lion wasn’t in the cage at that time. It’s been a couple of months 25 I started my volunteer job. I really love it 16．A．both B．none C．all 17．A．will look B．looks C．was looking 18．A．to go B．go C．going 19．A．Off B．From C．On 20．A．a B．an C．the 21．A．I B．my C．me 22．A．is starting B．has started C．started 23．A．where B．which C．how 24．A．luckily B．luck C．lucky 25．A．until B．unless C．since 【答案】 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．C 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者申请志愿者工作的经历，包括在动物园的周末工作细节和感受。 16．句意：我申请了几家商店的工作，但都没有适合青少年的职位。 both两者都；none没有一个；all全部。“a few shops”是多家商店（三者及以上 ），根据“but”可知没一家有适合的工作，“none”符合语境。故选B。 17．句意：然后，有一天，我妈妈告诉我，动物园正在寻找能在周末工作的青少年。 will look一般将来时，将寻找；looks一般现在时，寻找（第三人称单数）；was looking过去进行时，正在寻找 。根据文章第1段“my mom told me the zoo...for teenagers to work on the weekend”可知，动物园当时正在招聘，需用过去进行时。故选C。 18．句意：他让我下周六去工作。 to go动词不定式，去；go 动词原形，去；going动名词，去。ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，后接动词不定式。故选A。 19．句意：在周六早晨我早早去了动物园。 Off离开；From从；On在……（具体某天）。根据文章第2段“…Saturday morning”可知，具体到周六早晨介词要用on。故选C。 20．句意：经理给了我一套制服。 a一个（泛指）；an一个（元音音素前）；the这个（特指）。根据文章第2段“gave me...uniform”可知，uniform首次提及且为单数，需用不定冠词，uniform以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故选A。 21．句意：他还给了我一双靴子。 I我（主格）；my我的；me我（宾格）。根据文章第2段“gave...a pair of boots”可知，动词give后接双宾语，需用宾格me。故选C。 22．句意：她去年夏天就开始在这里工作。 is starting现在进行时，正在开始；has started现在完成时，已经开始；started一般过去时，开始。根据“last summer”可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故选C。 23．句意：她告诉我如何做这份工作。 where在哪里；which哪一个；how如何。根据文章第3段“told me...to do the job”可知，此处指“如何完成工作”，需用方式副词how。故选C。 24．句意：我很害怕，但幸运的是狮子当时不在笼子里。 luckily幸运地（副词）；luck 运气（名词）；lucky 幸运的（形容词） 。根据文章第3段“I was really scared but...the lion wasn’t in the cage”可知，这里需用副词修饰整个句子，表示“幸运的是”。故选A。 25．句意：距离我开始志愿者工作已有几个月。 until直到；unless除非；since自从。It’s been + 时间段 + since...是固定句型，意为“自从……已经多久了”，故选C。   ` 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题, 每小题1分） Wang Sun is the founder of Demingshe, a tea art training school in Huangshan City. Huangshan City, with a long history of drinking tea, is 26 birthplace of several famous teas such as Huangshan Maofeng, Taiping Houkui and Keemun black tea. As a pioneer in developing innovative (创新的) tea-making skills, Wang started the research and exploration of the new-style tea drinks in 2021. She mixes the tea, including ice cubes, fresh fruits, herbal medicines, 27 rice wine with bar tools. It 28 (create) drinks with different flavours, mouthfeels and appearances. The tea drinks hit the market and 29 (immediate) received good responses from customers. “It is important for young people 30 (have) their tea drinks because they are much healthier and 31 (pleasant) both to the tongues and eyes,” Wang said. Nowadays, more and more customers 32 (attract) by innovative tea drinks and products. 33 Wang’s opinion, tea mixologist (调制师) is a new profession with both opportunities and challenges. While 34 (keep) the traditional culture, they should also use scientific and technological ways to innovate and create new 35 (product) that meet the current style of tea drinking. 【答案】 26．the 27．and 28．creates 29．immediately 30．to have 31．more pleasant 32．are attracted 33．In 34．keeping 35．products 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了黄山市茶艺培训学校德铭社的创始人王孙的故事。她认为，在保持传统文化的同时，还应利用科学技术的手段，创新创造符合当前饮茶风格的新产品。 26．句意：黄山市饮茶历史悠久，是黄山毛峰、太平猴魁、祁门红等几大名茶的发源地。根据“Huangshan City, with a long history of drinking tea, is …birthplace of several famous teas such as Huangshan Maofeng, Taiping Houkui and Keemun black tea.”可知，黄山市是黄山毛峰、太平猴魁、祁门红等几大名茶的发源地。the birthplace of ……的发源地，固定短语。故填the。 27．句意：她用酒吧工具混合茶，包括冰块，新鲜水果，草药和米酒。根据“She mixes the tea, including ice cubes, fresh fruits, herbal medicines,… rice wine with bar tools.”可知，冰块，新鲜水果，草药和米酒是并列关系，所以，用and连接最后的“rice wine”符合题意。故填and。 28．句意：它创造出不同口味、口感和外观的饮料。根据题意可知，本句陈述事实，需用一般现在时，It是第三人称单数，提示词create应用单三形式，即creates。故填creates。 29．句意：茶饮料一上市，立即得到顾客的好评。根据题意可知，received动词需用副词修饰，而提示词immediate的副词为immediately。故填immediately。 30．句意：对年轻人来说，喝茶很重要，因为它们对舌头和眼睛都更健康，更令人愉悦。根据题意可知，It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……（怎样的），固定结构，不定式to do作句中真正的主语，而it只是形式主语，所以，“to have”符合题意。故填to have。 31．句意：对年轻人来说，喝茶很重要，因为它们对舌头和眼睛都更健康，更令人愉悦。根据题意可知，连词and连接两个并列的形容词，而空前是healthier比较级，填空处也应用pleasant的比较级，而pleasant的比较级是more pleasant。故填more pleasant。 32．句意：如今，越来越多的顾客被创新的茶饮料和产品所吸引。根据题意可知，本句陈述事实，需用一般现在时，而主语customers是被创新的茶饮料和产品所吸引，所以应用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态结构为am/is/are+过去分，attract的过去分词是attracted，主语customers是复数，be应用are。故填are attracted。 33．句意：在王某看来，调茶师是一个新的职业，机遇与挑战并存。根据题意可知，in one’s opinion以某人的观点，固定短语,in位于句首，所以首字母应大写。故填In。 34．句意：在保持传统文化的同时，还应利用科学技术的手段，创新创造符合当前饮茶风格的新产品。根据题意可知，while意思是“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，通常为进行时，当while引导的从句中的主语跟主句的主语是同一个人或物时，while引导的从句中的主语和be动词可省略，所以就变成了while doing sth，此句就是这一用法，keep的现在分词是keeping，所以，“keeping”符合题意。故填keeping。 35．句意：在保持传统文化的同时，还应利用科学技术的手段，创新创造符合当前饮茶风格的新产品。根据题意可知，是创新创造新产品，指的是这一产品类别，应用复数形式，product的复数是products。故填products。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $