Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

该高中英语Unit1 Cultural Heritage知识清单系统梳理了文化遗产主题的语言知识，涵盖核心词汇、词性变换、重点短语、句型、语法及文化背景等范畴，为学生搭建了从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到文化理解的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现词汇（如物质与非物质文化遗产术语）、分级梳理语法（如定语从句进阶运用）、关联文化案例（如敦煌莫高窟数字化保护）构建知识体系，体现语言能力与文化意识的融合。设计词性变换表（如preserve→preservation→preservative）和写作高级替换词（important→crucial），帮助学生高效掌握语言知识，教师可据此设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit1 Cultural Heritage 知识清单 一、核心词汇 heritage n. 遗产（总称） cultural heritage 文化遗产 world heritage 世界遗产 UNESCO 联合国教科文组织 preservation n. 保护，保存 conservation n.对自然、历史资源的保护 protection n. 保护 restoration n. 修复，恢复 relic n. 遗迹，遗物 antiquity n. 古迹，古物 artifact/artefact n.手工艺品,人工制品 monument n. 纪念碑，历史遗迹 site n. 遗址，地点 tangible heritage 物质文化遗产 intangible heritage 非物质文化遗产 historical site 历史遗址 archaeological site 考古遗址 ancient ruins 古代遗迹 traditional craft 传统工艺 folk art 民间艺术 oral tradition 口头传统 ritual n. 仪式 custom n. 习俗 preserve v. 保护，保存 conserve v. 保护，节约 protect v. 保护 restore v. 修复 maintain v. 维护 safeguard v. 保卫，保护 rescue v. 抢救 document v. 记录，记载 digitize v. 数字化 reconstruct v. 重建 damage n.&v. 损坏 destruction n. 破坏 deterioration n. 恶化，退化 erosion n. 侵蚀 decay n.&v. 腐烂，衰败 vandalism n. 故意破坏 neglect n.&v. 忽视 natural disaster 自然灾害 pollution n. 污染 urbanization n. 城市化 commercialization n. 商业化 historical value 历史价值 cultural value 文化价值 aesthetic value 审美价值 scientific value 科学价值 spiritual value 精神价值 symbolic adj. 象征性的 significant / adj. 重要的 precious adj. 珍贵的 priceless adj. 无价的 irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的 expert n. 专家 archaeologist n. 考古学家 historian n. 历史学家 conservator n. 文物修复师 curator n. 策展人 volunteer n. 志愿者 local community 当地社区 authority n. 当局，官方 二、词性变换 preserve v. → preservation n. → preservative adj./n.（防腐的/防腐剂） conserve v. → conservation n. → conservative adj.（保守的） protect v. → protection n. → protective adj. restore v. → restoration n. → restorative adj. destroy v. → destruction n. → destructive adj. construct v. → construction n. → reconstruct v. → reconstruction n. document v. → documentation n. → documentary n.（纪录片） value v./n. → valuable adj. → invaluable adj.（极其珍贵的） culture n. → cultural adj. → culturally adv. history n. → historical adj.（历史的）→ historic adj.（有历史意义的） tradition n. → traditional adj. → traditionally adv. significance n. → significant adj. → significantly adv. identity n. → identical adj.（完全相同的）→ identify v.（识别） maintain v. → maintenance n.（维护） develop v. → development n. → underdeveloped/developed adj. threaten v. → threat n. → threatening adj. ignore v. → ignorance n.（无知）→ ignorant adj.（无知的） 三、重点短语与固定搭配 preserve/protect/conserve...from... 保护...免受... carry out preservation work 开展保护工作 take measures to protect 采取措施保护 put...under protection 将...置于保护之下 raise awareness of 提高对...的意识 pass down from generation to generation 代代相传 keep alive 保持活力，传承 in danger of 处于...危险中 on the verge of extinction 濒临消失 have great significance for 对...有重大意义 play a vital role in 在...中起至关重要的作用 be of great value 具有重要价值 be worthy of preservation 值得保护 bear witness to 见证 reflect the wisdom of 反映...的智慧 serve as a reminder of 作为...的提醒 face the threat of 面临...的威胁 suffer from 遭受... fall into ruin 成为废墟 be in a state of decay 处于衰败状态 be at risk 处于危险中 pose a challenge to 对...构成挑战 join hands with 与...携手合作 work together with 与...共同努力 share responsibility for 分担...的责任 pool resources 汇集资源 reach a consensus on 就...达成共识 date back to 追溯到 originate from 起源于 throughout history 贯穿历史 in ancient times 在古代 for centuries 几个世纪以来 四、重点句型 1. 强调重要性 It is of vital importance to preserve our cultural heritage. 保护我们的文化遗产至关重要。 Nothing is more important than protecting our cultural identity. 没有什么比保护我们的文化认同更重要。 What makes this site unique is its... 这个遗址的独特之处在于它的... 2. 表达必要性 It is essential/imperative that we take action to... 我们必须采取行动... Measures must be taken to prevent further damage. 必须采取措施防止进一步破坏。 There is an urgent need to address this issue. 迫切需要解决这个问题。 3. 描述历史与现状 This temple dates back to the 12th century. 这座寺庙可以追溯到12世纪。 Having survived wars and natural disasters, the building now faces new threats. 在经历了战争和自然灾害后，这座建筑现在面临新的威胁。 Once a thriving cultural center, the area is now in decline. 这里曾经是繁荣的文化中心，如今却在衰落。 4. 表达观点与建议 From my perspective, the government should allocate more funds to... 在我看来，政府应该拨出更多资金用于... I strongly believe that education is the key to raising awareness. 我坚信教育是提高意识的关键。 It would be beneficial if we could combine traditional methods with modern technology. 如果能把传统方法与现代技术结合起来，将会很有益处。 5. 比较与对比 Unlike tangible heritage, intangible heritage is more difficult to preserve. 与物质文化遗产不同，非物质文化遗产更难保护。 While some countries have effective preservation systems, others are still developing theirs. 虽然一些国家有有效的保护体系，但其他国家仍在发展自己的体系。 The more we understand about our heritage, the better we can protect it. 我们对自己的遗产了解得越多，就越能保护好它。 五、语法聚焦 1. 定语从句的进阶运用 非限制性定语从句介绍背景信息： The Great Wall, which was built over centuries, is a symbol of Chinese civilization. 介词+关系代词结构： The tools with which the artifacts were made are also on display. 关系副词where, when, why的准确使用： This is the reason why we must act now. 2. 现在分词与过去分词作状语 表示时间、原因、条件等： Having recognized its value, UNESCO listed the site as World Heritage. Damaged by the earthquake, the temple requires immediate restoration. 3. 倒装句（强调地点、否定词开头） 地点状语前置： On the top of the mountain stands an ancient temple. 否定词开头： Not only does heritage preservation protect the past, but it also enriches the future. Never before have we faced such challenges in heritage conservation. 4. 虚拟语气（表达建议、愿望） It is essential that + (should) do： It is crucial that measures (should) be taken immediately. wish/if only表达强烈愿望： I wish more people would realize the importance of cultural heritage. 六、话题写作词汇补充 写作高级替换词 重要：important → crucial/vital/significant/essential 保护：protect → safeguard/preserve/conserve/guard 破坏：destroy → damage/devastate/ruin/demolish 显示：show → demonstrate/reveal/indicate/illustrate 帮助：help → assist/aid/facilitate/promote 连接词与过渡词 递进：furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more 转折：however/nevertheless/on the other hand/despite 因果：therefore/consequently/as a result/thus 举例：for instance/such as/take...as an example 总结：in conclusion/to sum up/in summary/all in all 七、文化背景知识 国际保护体系 World Heritage List 世界遗产名录 Intangible Cultural Heritage List 非物质文化遗产名录 World Heritage in Danger 濒危世界遗产 World Heritage Committee 世界遗产委员会 著名案例（可用作写作素材） 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Caves：数字化保护的典范 埃及阿布辛贝神庙 Abu Simbel：国际协作迁移的成功案例 威尼斯 Venice：旅游业与保护的平衡难题 巴西国家博物馆 National Museum of Brazil：火灾警示的惨痛教训 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $