精品解析：福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题

厦门双十中学高一下学期第二次月考 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What did the woman have for breakfast? A.Some eggs. B.Some cheese. C.A big apple. 2.What is the room like? A.Organized. B.Untidy. C.Small. 3.Which instrument does the woman play? A.The drums. B.The piano. C.The guitar. 4.How long is the flight? A.30minutes. B.60 minutes. C.90minutes. 5.What does the man mean? A.He was bitten by a fish. B.He feels shy about crossing the river. C.He won't make the same mistake again. 第二节（共15 小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位胃。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两邂。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.How does the woman usually travel home? A.On foot. B.By bus. C.By bike. 7.What does the man suggest the woman do? A.Do homework with Jane. B.Go through the park. C.Ride home. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Mother and son. B.Manager and employee. C.Delivery man and customer. 9.Where does the conversation take place? A.At the grocery store. B.A ta party. C.On the phone. 10.How many bottles of milk does the woman need in total? A.Four. B.Five .C.Six. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.Where are the speakers? A.In a shop. B.In a factory. C.In an ancient building. 12What is the man with the hat most probably doing? A.Painting. B.Smoking. C.Praying. 13.What are the speakers most impressed by? AThe paintings. B.The statue. C.The gold. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14.When did the women plan to take the flight at first? A.On August 2nd. B.On August 3rd. C.On August 5th. 15.How does the woman feel about the service charge? A.Relieved. B.Angry. C.Worried. 16. What will the woman do next? A.Speak to the vice manager. B.Cancel C.Call the manager. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.When do health officials think that a medicine will be found? A.In about a year. B.In about a month. C.In about a weck. 18.How many countries mentioned have been helped by China? A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. 19.What did Chinese scientists do quickly? A.Create a cure. B.Translate languages. C.Share information. 20. What is the main topic of the talk? A.Countries in danger. B.New experiments in China. C.China's help to the world 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Everything you need to know about DC’s cherry blossom (樱花) trees and the National Cherry Blossom Festival can be found right here. More than 1.5 million visitors crowd Washington DC each year to appreciate the 3000-plus trees. The peak bloom date (盛开期) is defined as the day when 70 percent of the trees surrounding the Tidal Basin have opened their buds (花蕾), creating an unforgettable sea of pink and white. The National Park Service (NPS) is in charge of computing the growth of the buds of the trees and carries out an analysis of when peak bloom will arrive each year. On average, peak bloom occurs around April 4, but that date changes year after year. For instance, 2016’s peak bloom occurred on March 26 due to extended warm winter weather, while 2018’s bloom did not happen until April 16 due to a cold winter. The blooming period when 20 percent of the flowers are open before the petals (花瓣) and leaves fall can last up to 14 days, depending on climate conditions. There are many great ways to get to the beautiful cherry blossom trees surrounding the Tidal Basin. The DC Circulator’s National Mall route makes stops directly on the Tidal Basin at the Jefferson and Martin Luther King, Jr. memorials, as well as other historical sites near the cherry blossoms. For more tips to help plan your visit, make sure you check out our list of things you need to know about the Festival. 1. What attracts so many visitors to the festival? A. The good service. B. The cherry blossom. C. The easy transportation. D. The famous organizer. 2. What is the key factor in deciding the peak bloom date? A. Percentage of flowering. B. Varieties of cherry trees. C. Weather conditions. D. Numbers of buds. 3. What is this text most probably? A. A tourist guide. B. A travel essay. C. A news report. D. A festival review. B It was a dream come true to study at one of the oldest and best universities in the world. I enjoyed living and studying in Oxford which is little old town with rich history and beautiful buildings. The studying pace was very fast and demanding. However, there was still enough room to have fun with friends from my cohort (同伴). I really enjoyed the social life and being surrounded by like-minded people from all around the world. I was surprised by how diverse the student body was when I arrived in Oxford. It is a melting pot (熔炉) of extremely smart and talented people from different cultures and socioeconomic backgrounds. Another shock I experienced was the obvious divide between students and locals. Oxford is after all not just a university but also a town inhabited (居住于) by locals. Although we all share the same space, there is almost no interaction between the students and the locals. During my studies, I could not work because there simply wasn’t enough time to balance a demanding academic program and a job. Luckily I was on a scholarship that covered all of my costs so I didn’t have to worry about it. At the end of my master’s program, I interned (实习) at the Open Society Foundations. I come from a low-income family in Croatia, and as a young person, I never thought I would be able to visit places like the UK, let alone study at a world-famous and expensive university like Oxford. Later I realized that there are actually many scholarships and programs that help students like me gain access to higher education. I would recommend young students from disadvantaged backgrounds to think big and not give up on their dreams. The doors will open for those who are determined and positive. 4. What did the author like in Oxford? A. The social life and his cohort’s company. B. The fast and demanding studying pace. C. The old and beautiful buildings. D. The local cultural history. 5. Why was the author surprised on arrival in Oxford? A The beautiful town. B. Friendly local people. C. Smart and talented people. D. Students from different backgrounds. 6. How did the author pay the costs in Oxford? A. With the help of the Open Society Foundations. B. With the support of a scholarship. C. By attending some programs. D. By doing part-time jobs. 7. What does the author tell the young students? A They should study in famous universities. B. Scholarships will make them excellent. C. They should try hard to realize their dreams. D. Students from low-income families are not bad. C When wind blows through a bigleaf maple (大叶枫), paper-thin, wing-like seeds called samaras gently spin towards the ground. The fruit’s tissue allows the wind to guide it further away from the tree. Inspired by the seeds, researchers designed a tiny, winged microchip, no larger than a grain of sand, that is powerful enough to monitor environmental pollution and airborne disease. Called the microflier, the microchip has no motor to push it forward in the air but instead was designed to catch the wind. To perfect the microchip’s flying capability and shape, scientists took inspiration from the forms of various airborne seeds. The research team improved various designs until the microfliers flew slowly and more steadily than nature’s samara seeds. The slower falling rate allows the microchip to keep flying for longer, which gives it more time to collect data and monitor air pollutants and airborne diseases. To perfect the microflier’s flight, researchers took inspiration from children’s pop-up books to create the three-dimensional wings. Usually, electronic microchips are flat, two-dimensional objects, but something flat won’t take flight. To make the 3-D shape, John A. Rogers and his team built a stretched rubber base that the microchip rests on. The wings pop into flight mode when the rubber base is relaxed. The chip gathers data with sensors across its surface that can sense and monitor pH levels, test for heavy metals or chemicals, and track air pollution. An antenna (天线) on the microflier then sends all the collected data to a computer or phone. Rogers and his team are planning to test out the electronic chips soon by dropping thousands of the chips in a field. The microfliers will change color depending on the number of heavy metals present in the field where they land. A drone will then fly over the area and take photos of the microflier’s colors, allowing researchers to map out the pollutants. Rogers and his team also designed the microchips to break down over time to prevent environmental pollution. 8. What is the winged microchip designed to do? A. Guide seeds from the tree. B. Prevent airborne diseases. C. Keep track of air qualities. D. Catch the wind to fly away. 9. What do paragraph 2 and 3 focus on? A. Where researchers draw inspiration. B. How the microflier has improved. C. What the microchip does for humans. D. Why the microflier flies more stably. 10. What do the researchers do with the microflier in the future? A. Drop chips in the field. B. Monitor the soil color. C. Map out air pollutants. D. Handle soil pollution. 11. Which of the following would be a suitable title for the text? A. Winged microchips for monitoring environment B. Microflier: A flying device of spreading seeds C. Drone: A photographer of microflier’s colors D. Electronic chips for finding airborne diseases D Twenty years ago, crises (危机) like the California’s wildfires and Hurricanes Lara that occurred last year could have been described as “natural disasters” Thanks to climate change, this is no longer the case. Around mid-August last year, the temperature in Death Valley once reached the highest ever recorded on Earth. A hotter, drier California is much more likely to burst into flames (突然着火). The Gulf of Mexico too is heating up. Hurricanes draw their energy from the warmth of the surface waters and so are becoming stronger and more likely to increase. Perhaps we should call these events in a new term, “man-made natural disasters”. People now play such an important role on the planet. By cutting down forests and digging mines and building cities were changed half of the ice-free land on Earth. With our advanced tools, we move around more earth than all the world’s rivers and streams. As a result, all sorts of disasters extend across the line between man and nature. Many earthquakes, for example, are now caused by human activity. Meanwhile, as the climate continues to warm, wildfires will grow even larger and storms more damaging. What’s to be done? According to some scientists, the best way to deal with human intervention (干涉) in the natural world is to intervene better. Old technologies got us into this situation: new ones will get us out. Supporters of this view note the striking advances that are being made all the time in fields ranging from computing to material science. To prevent climate change, engineers have built machines that take CO out of the air. Today the numbers are limited but perhaps one day they’ll be as common as telephones. As for me, I think that the choice we face is not whether to change the world; that decision unfortunately has been made. The decision going forward is how are we going to change it? Over the years I’ve interviewed scores of scientists, inventors, and industrialists, and I’m continually impressed by how clever humans are as a species. But then the wind blows in smoke from 3000 miles away, and I’m reminded of how dangerous we are as well. 12. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The seriousness of the California’s wildfires. B. The cause of natural disasters nowadays. C. The present situation of climate warming. D. The development of the natural disasters. 13. What is some scientists’ attitude toward the events in nature? A. To spend more money on technology development. B. To make machines to take CO out of the air. C. To apply new technologies to dealing with them. D. To reduce human intervention in the natural world. 14. What does the author mean in the last paragraph? A. We should not change the world any more. B. We should feel proud of humans’ intelligence. C. It is the way humans change the world that maters. D. Although humans are smart, we are in danger as well. 15. How is the text organized? A. B. C. D. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.____16____Is it right? Maybe not. Techno-optimism can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive (能源集中型) lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic. ____17____ One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by mid-century.____18____Techno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely sustainable. ____19____Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions. Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints. ____20____Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability. A. People used to fall into this trap. B. So where should we look for answers instead? C. The modern world’s simple solution is technology. D. Moreover, they are more energy-intensive to produce. E. Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold. F. There is no doubt that we are heading towards a greener future. G. Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles. 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分40分） 第一节单项选择（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分） 21. One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help _______ my living expense. A. cover B. include C. range D. tend 22. These methods _________ non-financial risks inherent in product and business, which may be a potential problem. A. leave out B. put away C. take off D. check out 23. If what your friend comes up with surprises you, don’t express your_______ immediately. A. region B. rejection C. election D. mission 24. “She looked familiar to me but her name _______me.” John recalled the moment they met, murmuring that he was too old to remember things. A. represented B. illustrated C. admitted D. escaped 25. When you take a flight with some registered luggage, do remember to _______ it after landing. A. fold B. seek C. claim D. harvest 第二节 完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 John, 69, wanted to retire from running his small-town grocery store: However, he didn’t want to leave his local community without a grocery store to shop at. He was facing a(n) ___26___ . John’s parents opened the store in 1940，and John ___27___ it over in 1985. When the store first opened, it was one of four grocery stores in town. Now, it’s the last one ___28___. Since there was no one in his family who could continue running it, John ___29___ selling it and put the store on the ___30___ three years ago. Although he got some attention, no ___31___ came in. ___32___ he pulled the store off the market, as he worried that whoever bought the building might not continue the grocery store, which would make life harder for people in the community — especially those without ___33___ to a vehicle. Then last summer, Elizabeth, who grew up in a nearby town, ___34___ John with an idea. She offered to raise money to buy the store, with the goal of ____35____ it into a sustainable social enterprise. Thus, Elizabeth turned to local residents and they ____36____ . Local residents, as well as people with ____37____ to the town，donated. In a matter-of months, the community ____38____ half a million dollars, which was enough for them to purchase the property and ____39____ the store. Johnm for his part is ____40____ that his family’s legacy (遗产) will live on, and the residents will still have a local place to shop for fresh food. 26. A. welfare B. opportunity C. warning D. dilemma 27. A. handed B. took C. turned D. looked 28. A. changing B. standing C. selecting D. developing 29. A. considered B. opposed C. missed D. avoided 30. A. list B. spot C. line D. market 31. A. calls B. comprehensions C. offers D. observations 32 A. Impatiently B. Eventually C. Annually D. Constantly 33. A. addiction B. absence C. adaptation D. access 34. A. defended B. blessed C. approached D. equipped 35. A. dividing B. downgrading C. transforming D. restoring 36. A. stepped up B. tore up C. sped up D. spoke up 37. A. disrespect B. commitment C. ties D. contributions 38. A. earned B. borrowed C. saved D. collected 39. A. remove B. recruit C. renew D. resist 40. A. excited B. frightened C. annoyed D. disappointed 第二节 语法填空（共10小题：每题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged ____41____ a sustainable response to the challenge of creating green space in cities. This ____42____ (innovate) practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers ____43____ (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and ____44____ (add) a touch of nature to urban environments. Rooftop farming, also ____45____ (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green ____46____ (roof) with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture, cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, which will in turn ____47____ (less) energy consumption and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, teaching city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of ____48____ (local) sourced food. As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement ____49____ promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce. When we look towards a future _____50_____ environmental consciousness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament to our ability to cultivate more than just food---we cultivate hope for a greener and more resilient world. 第四节（共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 51. Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer options of great_______(flexible) to exercise.(所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The railroad, which is still _________ construction, is hopefully to be completed next month.（用适当的词填空） 53. ---What is the meaning of “happiness” according to you? ---Well, my_______(definite) of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. I would like to send congratulations to you on your ______ (admit) to Peking University. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. With ride-sharing apps Didi becoming more and more popular, it’s probably not a surprise to see the term owner driver, which refers to a person who owns the vehicle that they operate for their job _________ the rise. (用适当的词填空) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 56. 假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回信，内容包括： 1. 学习毛笔书法的必备工具 2.你认为学好毛笔书法的有效方式 注意： 1. 词数80左右： 2. 可以适当增加细节.以使行文连贯。 3.参考词汇：书法calligraphy Jack, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 第二节（满分15分） 57. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I occasionally allowed them to walk to and from school alone, if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a small friend followed them home after school. This friend had short legs and long floppy ears, with a furry coat and tiny spots across nose. She was the cutest puppy I had ever seen and my girls begged me to keep her. She was not more than twelve weeks old. She had no collar or identifying marks of any sort. I didn't know what to do. I thought about running an ad in the lost-and-found but I really didn't want to. It would break the kids’ hearts if someone should show up. Besides, her owners should have watched her more closely. I thought. By the end of the week she was part of our family. She was very clever and good with the girls. The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper. One particular ad caught my attention and my heart sank at what I read. Someone was searching for a lost puppy near our grade school. They sounded desperate. My hand shook. I could not bring myself to pick up the phone. Instead, I pretend I hadn’t seen the ad. I quickly put the paper aside and tried to ignore it. I never say anything about it to the kids or my husband. By now we had named the puppy. She looked like a Molly, so we called her Molly. She followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, she was one step behind them. When they did chores, she was there to help. There was only one problem with this otherwise perfect picture:my conscience (良心) was bothering me. I knew in my heart I had to call that number and see if our Molly was the puppy they were desperately seeking. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为120左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好： With mixed feelings, I picked up the phone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I asked the woman to come in and she quickly bent over to hug Molly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门双十中学高一下学期第二次月考 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What did the woman have for breakfast? A.Some eggs. B.Some cheese. C.A big apple. 2.What is the room like? A.Organized. B.Untidy. C.Small. 3.Which instrument does the woman play? A.The drums. B.The piano. C.The guitar. 4.How long is the flight? A.30minutes. B.60 minutes. C.90minutes. 5.What does the man mean? A.He was bitten by a fish. B.He feels shy about crossing the river. C.He won't make the same mistake again. 第二节（共15 小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位胃。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两邂。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.How does the woman usually travel home? A.On foot. B.By bus. C.By bike. 7.What does the man suggest the woman do? A.Do homework with Jane. B.Go through the park. C.Ride home. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Mother and son. B.Manager and employee. C.Delivery man and customer. 9Where does the conversation take place? A.At the grocery store. B.A ta party. C.On the phone. 10.How many bottles of milk does the woman need in total? A.Four. B.Five .C.Six. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.Where are the speakers? A.In a shop. B.In a factory. C.In an ancient building. 12.What is the man with the hat most probably doing? A.Painting. B.Smoking. C.Praying. 13.What are the speakers most impressed by? A.The paintings. B.The statue. C.The gold. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14.When did the women plan to take the flight at first? A.On August 2nd. B.On August 3rd. C.On August 5th. 15.How does the woman feel about the service charge? A.Relieved. B.Angry. C.Worried. 16. What will the woman do next? A.Speak to the vice manager. B.Cancel C.Call the manager. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.When do health officials think that a medicine will be found? A.In about a year. B.In about a month. C.In about a weck. 18.How many countries mentioned have been helped by China? A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. 19.What did Chinese scientists do quickly? A.Create a cure. B.Translate languages. C.Share information. 20. What is the main topic of the talk? A.Countries in danger. B.New experiments in China. C.China's help to the world 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Everything you need to know about DC’s cherry blossom (樱花) trees and the National Cherry Blossom Festival can be found right here. More than 1.5 million visitors crowd Washington DC each year to appreciate the 3000-plus trees. The peak bloom date (盛开期) is defined as the day when 70 percent of the trees surrounding the Tidal Basin have opened their buds (花蕾), creating an unforgettable sea of pink and white. The National Park Service (NPS) is in charge of computing the growth of the buds of the trees and carries out an analysis of when peak bloom will arrive each year. On average, peak bloom occurs around April 4, but that date changes year after year. For instance, 2016’s peak bloom occurred on March 26 due to extended warm winter weather, while 2018’s bloom did not happen until April 16 due to a cold winter. The blooming period when 20 percent of the flowers are open before the petals (花瓣) and leaves fall can last up to 14 days, depending on climate conditions. There are many great ways to get to the beautiful cherry blossom trees surrounding the Tidal Basin. The DC Circulator’s National Mall route makes stops directly on the Tidal Basin at the Jefferson and Martin Luther King, Jr. memorials, as well as other historical sites near the cherry blossoms. For more tips to help plan your visit, make sure you check out our list of things you need to know about the Festival. 1. What attracts so many visitors to the festival? A. The good service. B. The cherry blossom. C. The easy transportation. D. The famous organizer. 2. What is the key factor in deciding the peak bloom date? A. Percentage of flowering. B. Varieties of cherry trees. C. Weather conditions. D. Numbers of buds. 3. What is this text most probably? A. A tourist guide. B. A travel essay. C. A news report. D. A festival review. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区樱花树及国家樱花节的相关信息，包括盛花期、影响因素和游览方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“More than 1.5 million visitors crowd Washington DC each year to appreciate the 3000-plus trees.(每年有超过150万游客涌入华盛顿特区，欣赏这3000多棵树)”可知，大量游客被樱花节吸引的原因是观赏樱花树。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The blooming period when 20 percent of the flowers are open before the petals (花瓣) and leaves fall can last up to 14 days, depending on climate conditions. (在花瓣和叶子掉落之前，20%的花朵开放的花期可以持续长达14天，这取决于气候条件)”可知，气候条件是决定樱花盛花期的关键因素。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“For more tips to help plan your visit, make sure you check out our list of things you need to know about the Festival.(想要了解更多帮助你规划行程的小贴士，一定要查看我们列出的关于这个节日你需要知道的事项)”可知，文章提供了樱花节的游览相关信息。由此推知，本文很可能是一份旅游指南。故选A项。 B It was a dream come true to study at one of the oldest and best universities in the world. I enjoyed living and studying in Oxford which is little old town with rich history and beautiful buildings. The studying pace was very fast and demanding. However, there was still enough room to have fun with friends from my cohort (同伴). I really enjoyed the social life and being surrounded by like-minded people from all around the world. I was surprised by how diverse the student body was when I arrived in Oxford. It is a melting pot (熔炉) of extremely smart and talented people from different cultures and socioeconomic backgrounds. Another shock I experienced was the obvious divide between students and locals. Oxford is after all not just a university but also a town inhabited (居住于) by locals. Although we all share the same space, there is almost no interaction between the students and the locals. During my studies, I could not work because there simply wasn’t enough time to balance a demanding academic program and a job. Luckily I was on a scholarship that covered all of my costs so I didn’t have to worry about it. At the end of my master’s program, I interned (实习) at the Open Society Foundations. I come from a low-income family in Croatia, and as a young person, I never thought I would be able to visit places like the UK, let alone study at a world-famous and expensive university like Oxford. Later I realized that there are actually many scholarships and programs that help students like me gain access to higher education. I would recommend young students from disadvantaged backgrounds to think big and not give up on their dreams. The doors will open for those who are determined and positive. 4 What did the author like in Oxford? A. The social life and his cohort’s company. B. The fast and demanding studying pace. C. The old and beautiful buildings. D. The local cultural history. 5. Why was the author surprised on arrival in Oxford? A. The beautiful town. B. Friendly local people. C. Smart and talented people. D. Students from different backgrounds. 6. How did the author pay the costs in Oxford? A. With the help of the Open Society Foundations. B. With the support of a scholarship. C By attending some programs. D. By doing part-time jobs. 7. What does the author tell the young students? A. They should study in famous universities. B. Scholarships will make them excellent. C. They should try hard to realize their dreams. D. Students from low-income families are not bad. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在牛津大学的学习生活经历，包括其在当地的见闻、费用来源，并鼓励出身不利的年轻学生要胸怀大志、坚持梦想。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, there was still enough room to have fun with friends from my cohort (同伴). I really enjoyed the social life and being surrounded by like-minded people from all around the world. (不过，我仍然有充足的时间和同届的朋友们一起玩乐。我十分享受这里的社交生活，也喜欢身边围绕着来自世界各地、志同道合的人)”可知，作者明确提到自己喜欢牛津的社交生活和同伴的陪伴。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I was surprised by how diverse the student body was when I arrived in Oxford. It is a melting pot (熔炉) of extremely smart and talented people from different cultures and socioeconomic backgrounds. (刚到牛津时，学生群体的多样性让我感到惊讶。这里就像一个熔炉，汇聚了来自不同文化和社会经济背景的绝顶聪明、才华横溢的人)”可知，作者感到惊讶的是学生群体的多样性，即来自不同背景的学生。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Luckily I was on a scholarship that covered all of my costs so I didn’t have to worry about it. (幸运的是，我获得了一份涵盖所有费用的奖学金，所以不必为此担忧)”可知，作者在牛津大学的所有费用由奖学金承担。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I would recommend young students from disadvantaged backgrounds to think big and not give up on their dreams. The doors will open for those who are determined and positive. (我建议出身不利的年轻学生要胸怀大志，不要放弃梦想。那些坚定且积极乐观的人，终会迎来机遇的大门)”可知，作者建议年轻学生要胸怀大志，不要放弃梦想，努力实现梦想。故选C。 C When wind blows through a bigleaf maple (大叶枫), paper-thin, wing-like seeds called samaras gently spin towards the ground. The fruit’s tissue allows the wind to guide it further away from the tree. Inspired by the seeds, researchers designed a tiny, winged microchip, no larger than a grain of sand, that is powerful enough to monitor environmental pollution and airborne disease. Called the microflier, the microchip has no motor to push it forward in the air but instead was designed to catch the wind. To perfect the microchip’s flying capability and shape, scientists took inspiration from the forms of various airborne seeds. The research team improved various designs until the microfliers flew slowly and more steadily than nature’s samara seeds. The slower falling rate allows the microchip to keep flying for longer, which gives it more time to collect data and monitor air pollutants and airborne diseases. To perfect the microflier’s flight, researchers took inspiration from children’s pop-up books to create the three-dimensional wings. Usually, electronic microchips are flat, two-dimensional objects, but something flat won’t take flight. To make the 3-D shape, John A. Rogers and his team built a stretched rubber base that the microchip rests on. The wings pop into flight mode when the rubber base is relaxed. The chip gathers data with sensors across its surface that can sense and monitor pH levels, test for heavy metals or chemicals, and track air pollution. An antenna (天线) on the microflier then sends all the collected data to a computer or phone. Rogers and his team are planning to test out the electronic chips soon by dropping thousands of the chips in a field. The microfliers will change color depending on the number of heavy metals present in the field where they land. A drone will then fly over the area and take photos of the microflier’s colors, allowing researchers to map out the pollutants. Rogers and his team also designed the microchips to break down over time to prevent environmental pollution. 8. What is the winged microchip designed to do? A. Guide seeds from the tree. B. Prevent airborne diseases. C. Keep track of air qualities. D. Catch the wind to fly away. 9. What do paragraph 2 and 3 focus on? A. Where researchers draw inspiration. B. How the microflier has improved. C. What the microchip does for humans. D. Why the microflier flies more stably. 10. What do the researchers do with the microflier in the future? A. Drop chips in the field. B. Monitor the soil color. C. Map out air pollutants. D. Handle soil pollution. 11. Which of the following would be a suitable title for the text? A. Winged microchips for monitoring environment B. Microflier: A flying device of spreading seeds C. Drone: A photographer of microflier’s colors D. Electronic chips for finding airborne diseases 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够监测环境质量的带翼微芯片。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Inspired by the seeds, researchers designed a tiny, winged microchip, no larger than a grain of sand, that is powerful enough to monitor environmental pollution and airborne disease.(受这些种子的启发，研究人员设计了一种微小的带翼微芯片，它比一粒沙子还小，但却足以监测环境污染和空气传播疾病)”可知，这种芯片被设计用来监测空气质量。故选C项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段第二三句“To perfect the microchip’s flying capability and shape, scientists took inspiration from the forms of various airborne seeds. The research team improved various designs until the microfliers flew slowly and more steadily than nature’s samara seeds.(为了完善微芯片的飞行能力和形状，科学家们从各种通过空气传播的种子的形式中获得灵感。研究小组改进了各种设计，直到微型飞行器比自然界的翅果种子飞得更慢、更稳定)”及第三段第一句“To perfect the microflier’s flight, researchers took inspiration from children’s pop-up books to create the three-dimensional wings.(为了完善微型飞行器的飞行，研究人员从儿童立体书中获得灵感，创造了三维翅膀)”及第三句“To make the 3-D shape, John A. Rogers and his team built a stretched rubber base that the microchip rests on.(为了制作3D形状，John A. Rogers和他的团队制作了一个可拉伸的橡胶底座，让微芯片固定在上面)”可知，这两段主要介绍了研究团队是如何改良和完善微型飞行器的。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段第三四五句“Rogers and his team are planning to test out the electronic chips soon by dropping thousands of the chips in a field. The microfliers will change color depending on the number of heavy metals present in the field where they land. A drone will then fly over the area and take photos of the microflier’s colors, allowing researchers to map out the pollutants(Rogers和他的团队计划在不久的将来通过在田野中投放数千个芯片来测试这种电子芯片。这些微型飞行器会根据着陆地重金属含量的多少而改变颜色。然后，一架无人机将飞越该地区，拍摄微型飞行器的颜色，使研究人员能够绘制出污染物的地图)”可推知，这些微型飞行器会根据着陆地重金属含量的多少而改变颜色，方便研究人员能够绘制出土地污染物的地图，从而解决土地污染问题。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Inspired by the seeds, researchers designed a tiny, winged microchip, no larger than a grain of sand, that is powerful enough to monitor environmental pollution and airborne disease.(受这些种子的启发，研究人员设计了一种微小的带翼微芯片，它比一粒沙子还小，但却足以监测环境污染和空气传播疾病。）及第四段第一句“The chip gathers data with sensors across its surface that can sense and monitor pH levels, test for heavy metals or chemicals, and track air pollution.(该芯片通过其表面的传感器收集数据，这些传感器可以感知和监测pH值，测试重金属或化学物质，并跟踪空气污染)”可知，本文主要介绍了能够监测环境质量的带翼微芯片。故选A项。 D Twenty years ago, crises (危机) like the California’s wildfires and Hurricanes Lara that occurred last year could have been described as “natural disasters” Thanks to climate change, this is no longer the case. Around mid-August last year, the temperature in Death Valley once reached the highest ever recorded on Earth. A hotter, drier California is much more likely to burst into flames (突然着火). The Gulf of Mexico too is heating up. Hurricanes draw their energy from the warmth of the surface waters and so are becoming stronger and more likely to increase. Perhaps we should call these events in a new term, “man-made natural disasters”. People now play such an important role on the planet. By cutting down forests and digging mines and building cities were changed half of the ice-free land on Earth. With our advanced tools, we move around more earth than all the world’s rivers and streams. As a result, all sorts of disasters extend across the line between man and nature. Many earthquakes, for example, are now caused by human activity. Meanwhile, as the climate continues to warm, wildfires will grow even larger and storms more damaging. What’s to be done? According to some scientists, the best way to deal with human intervention (干涉) in the natural world is to intervene better. Old technologies got us into this situation: new ones will get us out. Supporters of this view note the striking advances that are being made all the time in fields ranging from computing to material science. To prevent climate change, engineers have built machines that take CO out of the air. Today the numbers are limited but perhaps one day they’ll be as common as telephones. As for me, I think that the choice we face is not whether to change the world; that decision unfortunately has been made. The decision going forward is how are we going to change it? Over the years I’ve interviewed scores of scientists, inventors, and industrialists, and I’m continually impressed by how clever humans are as a species. But then the wind blows in smoke from 3000 miles away, and I’m reminded of how dangerous we are as well. 12. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The seriousness of the California’s wildfires. B. The cause of natural disasters nowadays. C. The present situation of climate warming. D. The development of the natural disasters. 13. What is some scientists’ attitude toward the events in nature? A. To spend more money on technology development. B. To make machines to take CO out of the air. C. To apply new technologies to dealing with them. D. To reduce human intervention in the natural world. 14. What does the author mean in the last paragraph? A. We should not change the world any more. B. We should feel proud of humans’ intelligence. C. It is the way humans change the world that maters. D. Although humans are smart, we are in danger as well. 15. How is the text organized? A. B. C. D. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自然灾害的影响。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Perhaps we should call these events in a new term, “man-made natural disasters”.(也许我们应该用一个新的术语来称呼这些事件 ——“人为的自然灾害”)”可知，首段引人自然灾害的概念。以及第二段中“People now play such an important role on the planet. By cutting down forests and digging mines and building cities were changed half of the ice-free land on Earth. With our advanced tools, we move around more earth than all the world’s rivers and streams. As a result, all sorts of disasters extend across the line between man and nature. Many earthquakes, for example, are now caused by human activity. Meanwhile, as the climate continues to warm, wildfires will grow even larger and storms more damaging.(人们现在在这个星球上扮演着如此重要的角色。通过砍伐森林、挖矿和建造城市，地球上一半的无冰土地被改变了。有了先进的工具，人类每年移动的土方量甚至超过了全球所有河流与溪流的搬运总量。因此，各种灾难跨越了人与自然的界限。例如，现在许多地震都是由人类活动引起的。与此同时，随着气候继续变暖，野火将变得更大，风暴将更具破坏性)”可知，前两段想告诉自然灾害的发展。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“What’s to be done? According to some scientists, the best way to deal with human intervention (干涉) in the natural world is to intervene better. Old technologies got us into this situation: new ones will get us out.(该怎么办呢？根据一些科学家的说法，在自然界中应对人类干预的最好方法是更好地干预。旧技术使我们陷入这种境地，新技术将使我们摆脱困境)”可知，一些科学家认为可以用新技术处理自然灾害。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As for me, I think that the choice we face is not whether to change the world; that decision unfortunately has been made. The decision going forward is how are we going to change it? Over the years I’ve interviewed scores of scientists, inventors, and industrialists, and I’m continually impressed by how clever humans are as a species. But then the wind blows in smoke from 3000 miles away, and I’m reminded of how dangerous we are as well.(就我而言，我认为我们面临的选择不是要不要改变世界；不幸的是，这个决定已经做出了。下一步的决定是我们要如何改变它？多年来，我采访了许多科学家、发明家和实业家，人类作为一个物种是多么的聪明，这给我留下了深刻的印象。但当三千英里外的风吹来烟雾时，我也想起了我们有多危险)”可知，作者认为重要的是人类改变世界的方式。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段提出“人为的自然灾害”概念，为本文中心论点，第二段讲述为什么称为“人为的自然灾害”，为支撑论点，第三段提出一个解决方案，为论点1，第四段提出作者本身的观点，为论点2，符合A项结构。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.____16____Is it right? Maybe not. Techno-optimism can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive (能源集中型) lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic. ____17____ One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by mid-century.____18____Techno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely sustainable. ____19____Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions. Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints. ____20____Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability. A. People used to fall into this trap. B. So where should we look for answers instead? C. The modern world’s simple solution is technology. D. Moreover, they are more energy-intensive to produce. E. Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold. F. There is no doubt that we are heading towards a greener future. G. Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出“技术乐观主义”试图用技术解决当前的气候问题，作者用电动汽车的例子来证明这种想法似乎是没用的。改变我们的社会运作方式，以及人们的生活方式才是解决问题的关键所在。 【16题详解】 根据上文“With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.(随着气候变化的持续恶化，我们的情况开始变得越来越严重)”可知，气候问题持续恶化，人类的情况开始变得越来越严重。由此推知，人类可能会采取解决气候问题的办法。结合下文“Techno-optimism can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive (能源集中型) lifestyle. (当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。这个定义强化了一种观点，即没有理由恐慌或改变我们目前的能源密集型生活方式)”可知，人们试图依靠技术来解决气候问题。C项“现代世界的简单解决方案就是技术”符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Techno-optimism can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive (能源集中型) lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic.(技术乐观主义可以定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题。这个定义强化了一种观点，即没有理由恐慌或改变我们目前的能源密集型生活方式。社会所需要做的就是期待绿色科技发挥它的魔力)”可知，上文提到了“没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式”这种观点，由此推知，下文应对这种观点进行评价。E项“不幸的是，这是一个极其危险的观点”符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by mid-century.(这种乐观误解的最好例子之一就是电动汽车。尽管电动汽车被认为是一种环保的出行方式，但它并不是未来交通工具的终结。电动汽车的电池使用的化学元素到本世纪中叶可能会短缺)”可知，上文提到了电动汽车的弊端。结合本段主要谈论“乐观误解”推知，空处应继续对电动汽车的弊端进行陈述。D项“此外，它们的生产更耗能”符合题意。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.(投资公共交通，远离个人拥有的车辆。生产更少的汽车，改善旧电池的回收利用做法。我们寻求的解决方案不应该植根于新技术，而应该改变我们社会的运作方式)”可知，作者认为我们应该改变社会的运作方式，这才是解决气候问题的办法。B项“那么，我们应该在哪里寻找答案呢？”符合题意，引出本段内容，下文是对该问题的回答。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints.(技术乐观主义过于强调技术，而对我们现在能做的事情却不够重视。不幸的是，人们似乎喜欢技术乐观主义所描绘的画面)”和下文“Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability.(除非我们准备好面对不那么复杂的生活的需要，否则我们无法在可持续发展方面取得真正的进展)”可知，人们似乎更喜欢依靠技术解决问题，当我们把技术视为当前的环保生活方式时，问题就开始了。由此可知，要解决气候问题，不能只依靠技术，关键是要从很大程度上改变我们的生活方式。G项“然而，事实是，我们需要广泛改变我们的生活方式”符合题意。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分40分） 第一节单项选择（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分） 21. One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help _______ my living expense. A. cover B. include C. range D. tend 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个月一千美元不是一笔大钱，但是能够帮助支付我的生活费用。A.cover覆盖，足够支付；B.include包括；C.range变化；D.tend倾向于。根据句意可知，此处指的是一千元可以支付我的开销，故选 A。 22. These methods _________ non-financial risks inherent in product and business, which may be a potential problem. A. leave out B. put away C. take off D. check out 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些方法遗漏了产品和业务中固有的非财务风险，这可能是一个潜在的问题。A. leave out遗漏、省去；B. put away放好、储存；C. take off起飞、脱下；D. check out结账离开、检验。由语意可知，非财务风险可能是一个潜在的问题，说明这些方法没有考虑到这些风险，即“遗漏”了。故选A项。 23. If what your friend comes up with surprises you, don’t express your_______ immediately. A. region B. rejection C. election D. mission 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的朋友给你惊喜，不要立即表示拒绝。A.region地区；B.rejection拒绝，抛弃；C.election选举；D.mission任务。根据“If what your friend comes up with surprises you”可知，不要拒绝朋友给你带来的惊喜。故选B。 24. “She looked familiar to me but her name _______me.” John recalled the moment they met, murmuring that he was too old to remember things. A. represented B. illustrated C. admitted D. escaped 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“看起来很熟悉，但是我想不起她的名字。”约翰回忆起他们相遇的那一刻，喃喃地说他太老了，记不起任何事情。A.represent代表；B.illustrate阐明，举例；C.admit承认，允许进入；D.escape逃跑，被忘掉，根据 “he was too old to remember things”可知，想不起她的名字了，即忘记。所以选D。 25. When you take a flight with some registered luggage, do remember to _______ it after landing. A. fold B. seek C. claim D. harvest 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你带着托运行李坐飞机时，记得在着陆后去领取行李。A.fold折叠；B.seek寻求；C.claim宣称，索取；D.harvest收获。根据句意可知，此处指的是下飞机记得索取行李，故选C。 第二节 完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 John, 69, wanted to retire from running his small-town grocery store: However, he didn’t want to leave his local community without a grocery store to shop at. He was facing a(n) ___26___ . John’s parents opened the store in 1940，and John ___27___ it over in 1985. When the store first opened, it was one of four grocery stores in town. Now, it’s the last one ___28___. Since there was no one in his family who could continue running it, John ___29___ selling it and put the store on the ___30___ three years ago. Although he got some attention, no ___31___ came in. ___32___ he pulled the store off the market, as he worried that whoever bought the building might not continue the grocery store, which would make life harder for people in the community — especially those without ___33___ to a vehicle. Then last summer, Elizabeth, who grew up in a nearby town, ___34___ John with an idea. She offered to raise money to buy the store, with the goal of ____35____ it into a sustainable social enterprise. Thus, Elizabeth turned to local residents and they ____36____ . Local residents, as well as people with ____37____ to the town，donated. In a matter-of months, the community ____38____ half a million dollars, which was enough for them to purchase the property and ____39____ the store. Johnm for his part is ____40____ that his family’s legacy (遗产) will live on, and the residents will still have a local place to shop for fresh food. 26. A. welfare B. opportunity C. warning D. dilemma 27. A. handed B. took C. turned D. looked 28. A. changing B. standing C. selecting D. developing 29. A. considered B. opposed C. missed D. avoided 30 A. list B. spot C. line D. market 31. A. calls B. comprehensions C. offers D. observations 32. A. Impatiently B. Eventually C. Annually D. Constantly 33. A. addiction B. absence C. adaptation D. access 34. A. defended B. blessed C. approached D. equipped 35. A. dividing B. downgrading C. transforming D. restoring 36. A. stepped up B. tore up C. sped up D. spoke up 37. A. disrespect B. commitment C. ties D. contributions 38. A. earned B. borrowed C. saved D. collected 39. A. remove B. recruit C. renew D. resist 40. A. excited B. frightened C. annoyed D. disappointed 【答案】26. D 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了69岁的约翰想要关掉自己的杂货店，但是担心会给社区居民造成不便，而去年夏天伊丽莎白找到约翰，提议把杂货店改造为现代企业，为此人们积极捐款筹集了足够的资金来改造杂货店。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他面临着进退两难的境地。A. welfare社会福利；B. opportunity机会；C. warning警告；D. dilemma进退两难。根据上文“John, 69, wanted to retire from running his small-town grocery store: However, he didn’t want to leave his local community without a grocery store to shop at.( 69岁的约翰想退休，不再经营他在小镇上的杂货店了:然而，他不想离开当地的社区而没有一家杂货店可以购物)”可知，他面临着进退两难的境地。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰的父母在1940年开了这家店，约翰在1985年接管了它。A. handed递给；B. took接受；C. turned转弯；D. looked看。根据上文“John’s parents opened the store in 1940”可知，约翰从父母手里接管了商店，短语为take over表示“接管”。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，它是最后一个还开着的。A. changing改变；B. standing维持不变；C. closing关闭；D. developing发展。根据上文“When the store first opened, it was one of four grocery stores in town.(这家店刚开业时，是镇上四家杂货店之一)”可知，之前有四家杂货店，现在，它是最后一个还开着的。stand此处表示“位于（某处或某位置）；维持不变”符合语境。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他家里没有人能继续经营它，约翰考虑卖掉它，并在三年前将商店推向市场。A. considered考虑；B. opposed反对；C. missed错过；D. avoided避免。根据上文“there was no one in his family who could continue running it”可知，因为家里没有人继续经营杂货店，约翰考虑卖掉它，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他家里没有人能继续经营它，约翰考虑卖掉它，并在三年前将商店推向市场。A. list清单；B. spot地点；C. line线条；D. market市场。根据上文“selling it and put the store on the”可知，约翰想要卖掉杂货店，所以将商店推向市场。后文“he pulled the store off the market”也是提示。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然有人对他感兴趣，但没有人出价。A. calls电话；B. comprehensions理解；C. offers出价；D. observations观察。根据上文“Since there was no one in his family who could continue running it, John ____ selling it and put the store on the ____ three years ago.”可知，约翰想要卖掉杂货店，所以此处指没人出价，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他把商店从市场上撤了下来，因为他担心不管谁买了这栋楼，杂货店可能不会继续经营下去，这会让社区里的人生活更艰难，尤其是那些没有车的人。A.Impatiently没有耐心地；B. Eventually最后；C. Annually年度地；D. Constantly总是。根据后文“he pulled the store off the market, as he worried that whoever bought the building might not continue the grocery store”可知，出于担心当地人生活困难，他最后把商店从市场上撤了下来，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他把商店从市场上撤了下来，因为他担心不管谁买了这栋楼，杂货店可能不会继续经营下去，这会让社区里的人生活更艰难，尤其是那些没有车的人。A. addiction上瘾；B. absence缺席；C. adaptation改编；D. access使用权。根据上文“make life harder for people in the community”可知，没有杂货店会让社区的人生活困难，其中尤其是没有车可用的人，短语access to表示“使用，利用”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，在附近小镇长大的伊丽莎白带着一个主意找到约翰。A. defended辩护；B. blessed祝福；C. approached接洽；D. equipped装备。根据后文“John with an idea”可知，此处指伊丽莎白带着一个主意找到约翰，两人进行接洽。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她提出集资买下这家店，目的是把它改造成一家可持续发展的社会企业。A. dividing分开；B. downgrading降级；C. transforming使转化；D. restoring恢复。根据后文“it into a sustainable social enterprise”可知，伊丽莎白想把杂货店改造成社会企业。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，伊丽莎白求助于当地居民，人们自由表达意见。A.stepped up增加；B. tore up撕碎；C. sped up加速；D. spoke up自由表达意见。根据上文“Elizabeth turned to local residents”可知，伊丽莎白询问居民的意见，因此人们自由表达意见。故选D。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地居民以及与该镇有联系的人都捐款了。A. disrespect无礼；B. commitment投入；C. ties联系；D. contributions贡献。根据后文“to the town, donated”可知，此处指与该镇有联系的人都捐款，tie表示“联系”符合语境。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个月的时间里，社区筹集了50万美元，这足以让他们购买房产并更新商店。A. earned赢得；B. borrowed借来；C. saved挽救；D. collected筹集。此处呼应上文“She offered to raise money to buy the store”指筹集资金改造杂货店。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个月的时间里，社区筹集了50万美元，这足以让他们购买房产并更新商店。A. remove移除；B. recruit招募；C. renew更换；D. resist抵抗。根据上文“was enough for them to purchase the property”可知，筹集来的钱要购买用来改造的房产和更新商店，故选C。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于约翰来说，他很兴奋，因为他的家族遗产将继续存在，居民们将仍然有一个当地的地方购买新鲜食品。A. excited兴奋的；B. frightened害怕的；C. annoyed生气的；D. disappointed失望的。根据从句内容“his family’s legacy will live on, and the residents will still have a local place to shop for fresh food”可知，这是一个双赢的方法，约翰的家族遗产将继续存在，居民们将仍然有一个当地的地方购买新鲜食品，因此他很兴奋。故选A。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题：每题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged ____41____ a sustainable response to the challenge of creating green space in cities. This ____42____ (innovate) practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers ____43____ (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and ____44____ (add) a touch of nature to urban environments. Rooftop farming, also ____45____ (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green ____46____ (roof) with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture, cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, which will in turn ____47____ (less) energy consumption and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, teaching city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of ____48____ (local) sourced food. As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement ____49____ promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce. When we look towards a future _____50_____ environmental consciousness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament to our ability to cultivate more than just food---we cultivate hope for a greener and more resilient world. 【答案】41. as 42. innovative 43. are planted 44. adding 45. referred 46. roofs 47. lessen 48. locally 49. and 50. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是屋顶农业的相关信息。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：在城市化进程迅速加快的当下，屋顶农业作为一种可持续的解决方案应运而生，以应对在城市中创造绿色空间的挑战。根据语境可知，此处表示“屋顶农业作为一种可持续的解决方案”，空格处意为“作为”，用介词as，故填as。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种创新实践将屋顶改造成小型农场，在那里种植蔬菜、水果甚至花卉，为当地居民提供新鲜农产品，并为城市环境增添了一抹自然的色彩。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词practice，innovate的形容词是innovative，意为“创新的”，故填innovative。 【43题详解】 考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这种创新实践将屋顶改造成小型农场，在那里种植蔬菜、水果甚至花卉，为当地居民提供新鲜农产品，并为城市环境增添了一抹自然的色彩。蔬菜、水果和花是被种，且描述客观事实，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语vegetables, fruits, and even flowers是复数，因此空格处是are planted，故填are planted。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种创新实践将屋顶改造成小型农场，在那里种植蔬菜、水果甚至花卉，为当地居民提供新鲜农产品，并为城市环境增添了一抹自然的色彩。句中谓语是are planted，空格处用非谓语动词，and表并列，由前面的providing可知，空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填adding。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：屋顶农业，也被称为垂直农业，不仅仅是一种潮流；它更是一种迈向环境保护的举措。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，Rooftop farming和refer之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填referred。 【46题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：带有植被的绿色屋顶能够吸收阳光并释放水分，从而降低空气温度并减少对空调的依赖，进而降低能源消耗和碳排放。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，由help是原形可知，空格处用复数roofs，故填roofs。 【47题详解】 考查时态。句意：带有植被的绿色屋顶能够吸收阳光并释放水分，从而降低空气温度并减少对空调的依赖，进而降低能源消耗和碳排放。will是情态动词，后跟动词原形，时态是一般将来时，less的动词是lessen，意为“减少”，故填lessen。 【48题详解】 考查副词。句意：同时，屋顶农场还充当了教育平台，向城市居民传授可持续农业实践以及本地化食物的重要性。空格处用副词locally修饰形容词sourced，locally意为“本地地”，故填locally。 【49题详解】 考查连词。句意：随着城市人口的持续增长，屋顶农业促进了社区的参与，并通过提供新鲜和有机的农产品来促进更健康的生活方式。fosters和promotes之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 【50题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当我们展望一个未来，届时环境意识和可持续实践将变得愈发重要时，屋顶农业证明了我们有能力不仅仅种植食物——我们还培育出一个更绿色、更具韧性的世界的希望。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词future是抽象地点，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 第四节（共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 51. Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer options of great_______(flexible) to exercise.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】flexibility 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：与传统健身房不同，应用程序支持的健身房提供了非常灵活的锻炼选择。great是形容词，修饰名词，故填flexibility。 52. The railroad, which is still _________ construction, is hopefully to be completed next month.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】under 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这条铁路仍在建设中，有望在下个月完工。结合句意表示“正在建造中”可知短语为be under construction。故填under。 53. ---What is the meaning of “happiness” according to you? ---Well, my_______(definite) of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】definition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：—在你看来，“幸福”是什么意思？—我对幸福的定义是“享受的能力”。my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，此处应用名词形式，故填definition。 54. I would like to send congratulations to you on your ______ (admit) to Peking University. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being admitted 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想祝贺你被北京大学录取。根据空前的介词on可知，空处应用动名词形式，和前面的your构成动名词的复合结构，作宾语。动词admit和逻辑主语“你”之间是动宾关系，所以这里应用动名词的被动语态。故填being admitted。 55. With ride-sharing apps Didi becoming more and more popular, it’s probably not a surprise to see the term owner driver, which refers to a person who owns the vehicle that they operate for their job _________ the rise. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：随着滴滴等网约车应用越来越普及，看到“车主司机”这一术语（指拥有自己用于工作的车辆并驾驶该车的人）日益流行，或许并不令人意外。空格处为固定短语on the rise，意为“在增长；在兴起”，符合句子的语义逻辑和语法规则。故填on。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 56. 假设你是李华，在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信向你咨询学习毛笔书法的建议。请你用英语回信，内容包括： 1. 学习毛笔书法的必备工具 2.你认为学好毛笔书法的有效方式 注意： 1. 词数80左右： 2. 可以适当增加细节.以使行文连贯。 3.参考词汇：书法calligraphy Jack, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 【答案】参考答案： Jack, It’s my pleasure to tell you how to learn Chinese calligraphy. As we all know, the four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy. To master it, you should first learn the basic structure of characters step by step. Besides, copying from a good model book is of great benefit. As a fine traditional art, Chinese calligraphy not only does good to health, but also can cultivate morality and purify our souls. Yours, Lihua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。在美国孔子学院的笔友Jack对汉字毛笔书法非常感兴趣，写信咨询学习毛笔书法的建议，要求考生以李华的身份用英语回信，介绍学习毛笔书法的必备工具及有效方式。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 众所周知：As we all know → It is common knowledge that 掌握：master → gain a good command of it 学习：learn → acquire 此外：besides → furthermore/in addition 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：As a fine traditional art, Chinese calligraphy not only does good to health, but also can cultivate morality and purify our souls. 拓展句：Not only does Chinese calligraphy, as a fine traditional art, do good to health, but it also can cultivate morality and purify our souls. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, the four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy. (运用了As和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, copying from a good model book is of great benefit. (运用了动名词copying作主语) 第二节（满分15分） 57. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I occasionally allowed them to walk to and from school alone, if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a small friend followed them home after school. This friend had short legs and long floppy ears, with a furry coat and tiny spots across nose. She was the cutest puppy I had ever seen and my girls begged me to keep her. She was not more than twelve weeks old. She had no collar or identifying marks of any sort. I didn't know what to do. I thought about running an ad in the lost-and-found but I really didn't want to. It would break the kids’ hearts if someone should show up. Besides, her owners should have watched her more closely. I thought. By the end of the week she was part of our family. She was very clever and good with the girls. The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper. One particular ad caught my attention and my heart sank at what I read. Someone was searching for a lost puppy near our grade school. They sounded desperate. My hand shook. I could not bring myself to pick up the phone. Instead, I pretend I hadn’t seen the ad. I quickly put the paper aside and tried to ignore it. I never say anything about it to the kids or my husband. By now we had named the puppy. She looked like a Molly, so we called her Molly. She followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, she was one step behind them. When they did chores, she was there to help. There was only one problem with this otherwise perfect picture:my conscience (良心) was bothering me. I knew in my heart I had to call that number and see if our Molly was the puppy they were desperately seeking. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为120左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好： With mixed feelings, I picked up the phone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I asked the woman to come in and she quickly bent over to hug Molly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考答案： With mixed feelings, I picked up the phone. Secretly, I was praying no one would answer, but a woman did. As I described the dog to her in detail, her voice shook with excitement and she wanted to come right over. Within minutes, I heard a vehicle pull up at the driveway and some footsteps stop at the door. Head cradled in my hands and heart hammering, a thousand thoughts crossed my mind: I could pretend I wasn't home or tell her, “I’m sorry, you have the wrong address.” But it was too late: the bell rang and Molly was barking. I asked the woman to come in and she quickly bent over to hug Molly. When looking at Molly, the little girl’s face lit up. “Here, Lucy,” she yelled. “Come here! ” Molly instantly obeyed, wagging her tail wildly. My heart sank. Seemingly sensing my feelings, the woman explained that Lucy was more than just a puppy to her daughter, who was left crippled for life in an accident. “Lucy gave her a reason to live,” she choked. Suddenly I felt relieved. God has blessed me with so much, I thought. As they pulled out of the driveway, I smiled, knowing I had done the right thing — that puppy was exactly where she belonged. 【解析】 【导语】本文以小狗为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿们捡回了一只没有任何身份标识的可爱小狗，作者虽然内心挣扎但还是收养了它并取名Molly。然而，作者在报纸上看到了寻找这只小狗的广告，内心备受良心谴责，最终决定打电话联系失主的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容 “心情复杂地，我拿起了电话。” 可知，第一段可描写作者打电话时的心理活动（祈祷无人接听）、电话接通后的描述以及失主到来前作者的纠结与犹豫。 ②由第二段首句内容 “我让那位女士进来，她迅速弯腰去抱Molly。” 可知，第二段可描写失主与小狗的相认场景、失主解释小狗对其残疾女儿的重要性，以及作者最终释怀并决定归还小狗的感悟。 2.续写线索：打电话 —— 心理祈祷 —— 失主到来 —— 开门相认 —— 解释缘由 —— 释怀归还 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①描述：describe/give a detailed account of ②弯腰：bend over/stoop down ③拥抱：hug/hold in one’s arms 情绪类 ①激动：excitement/enthusiasm ②宽慰：relieved/comforted/at ease 【点睛】[高分句型 1] As I described the dog to her in detail, her voice shook with excitement and she wanted to come right over.（由连接词as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型 2] Head cradled in my hands and heart hammering, a thousand thoughts crossed my mind.（独立主格结构Head cradled... and heart hammering作伴随状语） [高分句型 3] Seemingly sensing my feelings, the woman explained that Lucy was more than just a puppy to her daughter, who was left crippled for life in an accident.（现在分词Seemingly sensing作状语；由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句修饰daughter及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $