专题03 数词、连词和介词（知识清单）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统梳理了数词、连词和介词三大核心模块，涵盖基数词与序数词的构成及用法、分数倍数表达、并列与从属连词辨析、时间地点等介词及固定搭配，构建从基础用法到进阶应用的完整知识体系。 清单通过思维导图搭建知识框架，采用分类分级呈现（如数词分基数词、序数词、分数，介词分时间、地点等），并设背诵检验和真题链接。标注易混点（如though与but不可连用），提供记忆技巧（如序数词特殊变化表），培养学生语言能力和思维品质，助力学生自主复习，为教师教学提供清晰高效的辅助工具。

专题03 数词、连词和介词 目录 01 锚·课标要求 1 02 理·思维导图 2 03 盘·知识梳理 3 考点一 数词 3 考点二 连词 3 考点三 介词 7 04 测·背诵检验 9 1.掌握基数词的用法、基数词变成序数词，序数词的基本用法及分数和倍数的表达 2.掌握连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等，表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词 3.掌握由though/although (虽然，尽管)，even if/though (即使)if, whether(...or not)(是否)if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要)，because (因为)，as (鉴于;由于)since(由于，既然)等状语从句的连接词 4.掌握表示地点、时间、方式和方向等介词；掌握常见介词on,in,at,to,for,with等的基本用法及常见易混介词短语辨析及固定搭配 考点一 数词 数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。 （一）基数词 1. 基数词的构成 (1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。 (2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。 (3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。 20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。 (4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。 48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。 (5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。 156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。 (6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。 3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten； 94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five； 2.基数词的用法 ①表示日期。年用基数词，日用序数词：March 1st， 2025 ②表示时刻。几点过几分，用past；差几分到几点，用to。 如：4：10 ten past four　4：45 a quarter to five ③表顺序和编号。“名词＋基数词”，首字母大写：Room 203 ④表示电话号码。用基数词，单个读。重复数字可读double。 ⑤表示年代。in the＋年份复数： in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代 ⑥表示年龄。“基数词＋years old”：20 years old 20岁 “at the age of＋基数词”： at the age of 20 在20岁 “in one’s ＋整十数复数”：in her fifties 在她50多岁时 ⑦表示倍数和次数。一次once，两倍/次twice，三倍/次及以上用“基数词＋times”：four times四倍/次 ⑧基数词＋概数词（hundred/thousand/million）＋名词复数，表示确切的数字。 如：nine hundred dollars 九百美元 【拓展】 1. “基数词＋连字符＋单数名词”相当于复合形容词。如：a five-minute ride＝five minutes’ ride 骑车5分钟的路程 2. “another＋基数词＋可数名词复数”＝基数词＋more＋可数名词复数， 如：another two bags＝ two more bags 另外两个包 3.基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Twenty years is quite a long time. 20年真的是很长的一段时间。 （二）序数词 1. 序数词的构成 first 1st second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th fifth 5th sixth 6th seventh 7th eighth 8th ninth 9th tenth 10th eleventh 11th twelfth 12th thirteenth 13th fourteenth 14th fifteenth 15th sixteenth 16th seventeenth 17th eighteenth 18th nineteenth 19th twentieth 20th twenty-first 21st twenty-second 22nd thirtieth 30th fortieth 40th fiftieth 50th sixtieth 60th seventieth 70th eightieth 80th ninetieth 90th hundredth 100th one hundred and first 101st (1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。 (2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加 ＂th＂构成。如：fourth。 (3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。 (4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。 (5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。 2.序数词的用法 ①加the表顺序。如： The second picture is very beautiful. 第二幅画很漂亮。 ②前有my， your， Jack’s等限定词时不加the。如：my first time to come here 我第一次来到这里 ③加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一，再一”。如： a second time 第二次 ④修饰谓语动词时，省略the。如：She came third in the race. 她在比赛中获得第三名。 ⑤物品编号。如：the second page＝Page 2 ⑥与基数词连用时，通常置于基数词前。如：the first five pages of the book 这本书的前五页 3.判定空处用序数词的方法 ①the＋序数词＋名词。如：It was the first game of the season. 那是本赛季的第一场比赛。 ②形容词性物主代词＋序数词＋名词。如：This is her third win in a row. 这是她连续获得的第三次胜利。 ③在文章中罗列步骤，与其他序数词并列。 （三）分数的表达 1.分数的构成 分数是由基数词和序数词相结合来表达的。分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用序数词复数形式。如： one third 三分之一　two thirds 三分之二 2.主谓一致 谓语动词的数与分数后的名词的数保持一致。“分数＋of＋限定词＋名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式；“分数＋of＋限定词＋不可数名词/名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。如： About two thirds of the students in this class go to school by bus. 这个班里约三分之二的学生坐公共汽车上学。 Three fifths of the water in this area was polluted. 这片区域里五分之三的水被污染了。 3.quarter，half 和 percent 的用法 四分之一通常用 a/one quarter 来表示；四分之三通常用three quarters 来表示；二分之一通常用a/one half 来表示；百分之几通常用“基数词＋percent”来表示，如：30％ 可以表达为“30 percent”。 考点二 连词 （一）并列连词 1.并列复合句的概念和结构 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起而构成的句子叫作并列复合句。其基本结构：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。 and ①“和，而且”，表并列、递进或顺承： He is a good teacher， and we all like him. ②“祈使句，and＋陈述句”表结果： Work hard， and you will get better grades next time. but “但是，可是，而”，表转折： I don’t want to go there， but Mom said I must. so “因此，所以”，表因果： I don’t have enough money， so I won’t buy the toy. or ①“或者，还是”，表选择：Do it yourself or ask somebody else to do it. ②“否则”，用于“祈使句，or＋陈述句”： Work hard， or you will fail the exam. for “因为”，表原因： The plane won’t take off today， for a heavy rain is on the way. while “然而”，表转折，用来表示对比： Some kids like running in the wild while others prefer to stay at home reading. 【注意】 其他并列连词（词组） 有的并列连词（词组）可连接除分句之外的并列结构（并列的主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语等），如and（和，与），or（或者，还是，表选择），both...and...，not only...but also...，either...or...， neither...nor...。 ★表并列关系时，and/or区分：肯定句用and，否定句用or。如： I can read and write./I can’t read or write. 并列词组的常见用法 both...and... 当连接两个并列结构作主语时 “……和……”，谓语动词用复数： Both Tom and I like the movie. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Not only he but also I am interested in the movie. either...or... “要么……要么”“或者……或者”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Either you or she is going there tomorrow. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Neither Tom nor I am going there tomorrow. （2） 从属连词 从属连词 用法及例句 that 用于引导宾语从句，引导从句时无意义，常省略。 He told me（that）he won’t be late. 他告诉我说他不会迟到的。 though/although (虽然，尽管)， even if/though (即使) 可用于引导让步状语从句，though/although 不能与but连用。 Though he has a cold,he still goes to school. =He has a cold,but he still goes to work. 尽管他感冒了，他仍然去上学了。 if, whether (...or not)(是否) 可用于引导宾语从句，不可省略。 I don’t know whether it will rain or not today. 我不知道今天会不会下雨。 if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要) 引导条件状语从句。 Thought he is very old, he still teaches himself English. 尽管他年龄很大，他仍然自学英语。 because (因为)， as (鉴于;由于)， since(由于，既然) 用于引导原因状语从句。 I don’t want to go outside because I am too tired. 我不想外出因为我太累了。 so...that, such...that (如此……以至于……) 可用于引导结果状语从句。 The scenary here is so beautiful that I don’t want to leave. 这儿的风景太美了，以至于我不想离开了。 since自从，until/till直到，after在……之后，before在……之前，when当……时候，while当……时侯，as soon as一……就……，whenever无论何时 用于引导时间状语从句。 When I arrived there, it was raining.当我到那里时，天正在下雨。 as if/as though (仿佛；好像) It seems as if it is going to rain.好像将要下雨了。 so that（以便）， in order that（为了） in case(以防) I get up early so that I won’t be late for class. 我起得很早，这样我上课不会迟到。 as...as...(和……一样……)， not so/as...as... (和……不一样……) 用于引导比较状语从句。 He is as smart as his brother. 他和他的哥哥一样聪明。 【注意】 1.while, when, as的用法区别：这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。 （1）当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。 （2）当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。如： （3）当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。如： （4）当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边……一边……”时，最常用as。如： （5）当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。 （6）当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。 2. as, because, since, for的用法区别：这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。 （1）如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如： （2）如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点as和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如： （3）for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。 3. so…that, such...that的用法区别： （1）so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。I’m （2）如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so，不用such。 4. although, but的用法区别： 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.” 这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 5. because, so的用法区别： 这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 考点三 介词 一：时间介词 表示＂时间＂的介词如下： ① 表示年、月、日、时刻等用at, in, on ② 表示时间的前后用before, after ③ 表示期限等用by, until, till ④ 表示期间等用for, during, through ⑤ 表示时间的起点等用from, since ⑥ 表示时间的经过等用in, within, at, on, in at用于表示时刻、时间的某一点 at lunch在午饭时 at breakfast早餐时 at noon正午时 at night在夜间 at that time那时 at the moment此刻，目前 at the same time同时 at times偶尔，有时 at nine在九点钟 at first开始的时候，起初 at last最后 ►We usually have lunch at noon/ at twelve. 我们通常中午吃午饭（十二点吃午饭）。 注意：表示时间的名词前有this, last, next, every等修饰时，其前面不加介词。 this morning今天早上 last Monday上周一 every week每周 on用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午（指具体的某一时，一律用on） on Monday 在周一 on Monday evening 在周一晚上 on Tuesday morning 在周二早上 on June 6在6月6日 on May 4,2016 在2016年5月4日 on a cold night在一个寒冷的夜晚 on that day在那天 on Christmas Day在圣诞节那天 on time准时 on the night of July（the）first 在七月一日的夜晚 ►We didn’ t listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon. 周三下午我们没去听演讲。 in用于表示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上（指在一段时间内）。 in the week在这周 in the holiday在假期中 in May 在五月 in 1995在1995年 in summer在夏季 in Spring在春季 in autumn在秋季 in winter在冬季 in September, 1995 在1995年9月 in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening在晚上 in the 21st century在二十一世纪 in time及时 in an hour一个小时后 in a minute一会儿，立刻 ►The plane took off on time.飞机准时起飞了。 ►People go skating in winter.人们冬天去滑冰。 ►Do they work in the day time or at night? 他们是白天工作还是夜里工作？ before, after（注：两个既可以作介词又可以作连词） before在……之前 ►Wash your hands before dinner.（before作介词）吃饭前请洗手。 ►He will call me before he leaves here/before ten o’ clock.（前一个before作连词；后一个before作介词）他离开这儿之前/十点之前，将给我打电话。 after在……之后 ►Let’s sing some songs after school.（after作介词）放学后咱们唱歌吧！ ►Please close the door after you leave the room.（after作连词）离开房间后请关门。 by, until/till by 在……前（时间）；截止（到）…… ►How many English books had you read by the end of last year? 到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书？ ►She had left by the time I arrived. 我到时（之前）她已经走了。 by the end of在……底（之前） by then 到那时 by the time+从句 在……之前 until/till知道……为止（时间） ►We didn’ t begin to watch TV until/till nine o’ clock. 一直到九点，我们才开始看电视。（begin是点动词，所以用否定式） ►I will wait for him until he comes here. 我将在这儿一直等到他来。 for, during, through for 达……之久（表示经过了多少时间），可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用，但经常和完成时连用。 during 在……期间 through 一直……（从开始到结束） ►He has lived here for 20 years.他在这儿已经住了二十年了。 ►They are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.暑假中他们打算好好休息一下。 ►He stayed in London through the winter.他整个冬天都待在伦敦。 【注意】for和during。for之后大多跟表示时间、具体天数等的数字名词。而during后决不能跟表数字的名词。 from, since from从……起（时间） 表示＂从……开始＂时，一般都是用词组from...to...，而单纯表示确切的＂从几点开始＂时用at。 ►The meeting will be held from eight to ten. 这个会议将从8点开到10点。 since自从……以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续） ►I have been sick since yesterday.我从昨天起就病了。（强调一直病到现在） in, within in过……后（未来时间）大多用在将来时（一般将来时和过去将来时）。 in an hour一小时之后 in a week or so大约一星期之后 ►He will be back in five hours.他五小时之后回来。 ►They said they would arrive here in a week.他们说他们一周后到达。 within不超过……的范围 within 3 hours 3小时之内 within a week一周之内 ►I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.我必须在五分钟之内画好这只猫。 比较：within和in。within强调＂在……时间之内＂，没有时态的限制。in是以现在为基础，in an hour是指从现在起一小时之后，所以in一般只用于将来时。 二：表示场所、方向的介词 （1） 表示场所的介词：at, in, on, under, by, near, between, around, opposite （2） 表示方向的介词：into, out of, along, across, through, up, past ①at, in at在某地（表示比较狭窄的场所） at school上学 at home在家 stand at the door站在门边 at a factory在一家工厂 at the bottom of在……下面 at the party在聚会上 at the end of在……末尾 at the table在桌旁 at the station在火车站 at the crossroads在十字路口 at work在上班 at the bus stop在公共汽车站 ►I’ ll meet him at the Beijing railway station. 我将去北京站接他。 in在某地（表示比较宽敞的场所） in Beijing在北京 in the world在世界上 in the house在房子里 ►His brother is in prison and was arrested 2 years ago. 他哥哥两年前被捕现在在监狱中服刑。 ►She was born in China.她是在中国出生的。 ②on, above, over, under, below on在……上面，有接触面。 on the desk在桌子上面；on the map在地图上。 on在……靠近……的地方 on the right在右边 on the screen在屏幕上 on the river在河边 on the farm在农场 on the floor在地板上 on the island/beach在岛上/海滨 on the pavement在人行道上 above在……上方 ►Our plane flew above the clouds.我们的飞机在云端上飞行。 over在……正上方，是under的反义词 ►There is a light over Li Ming.李明的正上方有一盏灯。 ►A few birds were flying over the sea.有几只鸟在海上飞。 ►under在……下面；在……之内 under the table桌子下面 under the jacket在夹克内 ►The dog is under the table.这只狗在桌子下面。 below在……下方（不一定是正下方） 正下方是under，below是above的反义词。 ►There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.水面下有许多各式各样的鱼。 ③near, by near近的，不远的 near=not far，是far的反义词。near还可以指时间。 in the near future在不久的将来 ►Is there a bus stop near here? 这儿附近有公共汽车站吗？ by在……旁边，距离比near要近 by the window在窗户旁边 by me在我旁边 ►The boy is standing by the window. 这个男孩正站在窗户旁边。 ④ between, among, around between在两者之间 ►My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.我们的老师正坐在汤姆和迈克之间。 ►What’ s the difference between A and B? A和B之间有什么区别？ among在三者或更多的之中 ►There is a beautiful house among the trees.在树林之中有一间漂亮的房子。 ►He is very popular among the students.他在学生之中很受欢迎（很出名）。 around环绕，在……周围，在……四周 ►We sat around the table.我们在桌子四周坐下来。 ►The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。 ⑤ in front of，behind，opposite in front of早……的前面；在……的前部 ►There is a tree in front of the house. ►There is a big desk for the teacher in the front of the classroom. 在教室的前部有一张大讲桌。 behind在……后面 behind是in front of的反义词 ►There is a tree behind my house. 我家房子后面有一颗树。 ►There is a tree at the back of my house.我家房子后面有一棵树。 opposite在……对面 ►Our school is opposite a university,我们学校在一所大学的对面。 ►He stood opposite me.他站在我对面。 ⑥ in, into, out of, up in在……之内，用于表示静止的位置 ►The students are in the classroom.学生们在教室里。 into进入用于表有特定终点的运动的方向。通常用于表示动作的动词之后,如go, come, walk, run等。 ►The students run into the classroom.学生们跑进教室。 ►He jumped into the water.他跳入水中。 out of和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向 ►The students rushed out of the room.学生们冲出房间。 out of的基本含义：从……到外面，离开；在……范围之外；从（某个数）之中 up移动 ►The children climbed up the tree.孩子们爬上了树。 ⑦ along, across, past, through along沿着 ►I was walking along the river when it began to rain.我正沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来了。 across横过 ►I often swim across the river.我常游泳横渡这条河。 past经过 ►Every day he runs past the city hall.他每天跑步经过市政府。 through贯穿，通过 ►The sun shone through the clouds.阳光穿过云层照射下来。 ►The river was through the city.这条河穿过这个城市。 ⑧ to, from, for 单词 含义 例句 to 到达……地点（目的地）或方向 He came to Japan in 1980.他1980年来到日本。 from 从……地点起 leaver for动身去…… start for出发去…… I will leave for America next week.下周我将动身去美国。 for 表示目的地，＂向……＂ for表目的时，一般都是和固定动词搭配。 It’ s about ten minutes’ walk from here to the cinema. 从这儿到电影院大约需步行十分钟。 三： 其他介词（介词除了可以表示＂时间＂、＂场所＂以外，有些也可以表示＂手段＂＂材料＂等。） （1）表示手段和材料的介词with, in, by ①with和……在一起 ►Will you please go with me?你和我一起去好吗？ with具有、带有 ►He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes.他是有着一双明亮大眼睛的英俊男孩。 with用某种工具或办法 ►Li Li cut her hand with a knife.莉莉用刀把手指弄破了。 ►He wrote the letter with a new pen.他用一只新钢笔写这封信。 with one’ s help在某人的帮助下 ►With the teacher’ s help I have made progress.在老师的帮助下，我取得了进步。 ②in表示用什么材料（如用墨水，铅笔等），或用什么语言，或者表示衣着、声调特点时，不用with，而用in。 ►she wrote a letter in black ink. 她用黑色的墨水写信。 ►Don’ t write it in pencil but in ink. 别用铅笔写，用钢笔（水）写。 ►Can you speak in English? 你能用英语说吗？ ③by通过……方法、手段 ＂by+交通工具＂的词组： by bicycle骑自行车 by train坐火车 by plane/by air坐飞机 by taxi坐出租车 by car坐小汽车 by ship坐船 by bus坐公共汽车 （2）of, from ①of（属于）……的；表示……的数量或种类 ►This is a map of china.这是一幅中国地图。 ►Will you please give me a cup of tea? 请您给我一杯茶好吗？ ②from来自（某地、某人）；以……起始（时间或地点） ►I’ m from Nanjing.我是南京人。 ►We work from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五上班。 （3）without, like, as ①without没有，是with的反义词。 ►Man can’ t live without air and water.人类没有空气和水不能生存。 ►Please give me a cup of coffee with（without）milk.请给我一杯（不）加牛奶的咖啡。 ②like像……一样 ►Nancy is just like her mother.南希和她的妈妈一样。 ►Nancy looks like her mother.（南希和她妈妈长得一样。）用look时，强调外表。 ③as作为 ►He is famous as a scientist here. 他在此地作为一个科学家而闻名。 ►The room is dirty as usual. 这房间像平时一样脏。 （4）against, about ①against反对；靠着 ►He is against the plan（Li Ming）.他反对这个计划。（他反对李明） ►The teacher is standing against the blackboard.老师正靠着黑板站着。 ②about 关于；各处；身旁 ►Tell me something about your life.告诉我你的生活情况。 ►I have no money about/with me.我身上没带钱。 about 询问某人/某物的情况或提出建议 ►What about your sister? 你姐姐情况如何？ ►How about going to the park? 去公园怎么样？ 四、介词短语 （1）at短语 at birth出生时 at first起初 at home在家 at last最后 at least至少 at most最多 at night在晚上 at once马上；立刻 at present目前 at times有时 at work在工作 at the moment此时 at the same time同时 at the age of在……岁时 at the beginning of 在……开始 at the end of在……结束时 at the foot of 在……底部 at the top of在……顶端 （2）by短语 by＋交通工具 乘坐…… by accident偶然；意外地 by chance偶然；碰巧 by hand手工 by mistake错误地 by the time到……的时候 by the way顺便说一下 by the end of到……结束时 （3）in短语 in agreement达成一致 in all 总共 in danger处于危险中 in fact 事实上 in general总体而言 in hand在手头；在进行中 in need在困境中 in pain 痛苦地 in peace和平地 in person亲自 in public公开地 in order井然有序 in return作为回报 in short 简言之 in silence沉默 in surprise惊奇地 in time及时 in total总共 in trouble处于困境中 in turn 轮流 in a hurry匆忙地 in a minute 立刻；马上 in a word总而言之 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 in that case既然那样　　　　 in the end最后 in the future在将来 in the past 在过去 in the way妨碍 in this way 用这种方式 in other words 换句话说 in control of掌管 in front of 在……前面（外部） in the front of在……前面（内部） in the middle of在……中间　 in the face of 面对 in order to 为了 （4）on短语 on business出差 on duty值日 on foot步行 on sale廉价销售 on time准时 on vacation在度假 on weekends在周末 on one’s own独自 on the Internet 在网上 on the left/right在左边/右边 on one’s way to在某人去……的路上 （5）from短语 across from 在……对面　　　 from...to... 从……到……　　　 from now on从今以后 from then on从那时起 from time to time 不时 （6）of短语 ahead of在……之前 because of 因为 instead of 代替 a number of 许多 the number of ……的数量 the rest of 其余的 the symbol of ……的象征 first of all首先 of medium height 中等身高 all of a sudden 突然 （7）to短语 according to 根据　　　 close to 接近　　　　 next to 紧靠…… thanks to 多亏；由于 to be honest 老实说 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 to start with 起初 （8）其他常见介词短语 after all 毕竟 along with 连同 as for 至于 as usual像往常一样 for example 例如 for sale 待售 for sure 无疑；肯定 less than 少于 more than 多于 such as 比如 without doubt 毫无疑问 all in all 总的来说 as a result 结果；因此 with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下 once in a while偶尔；间或 once upon a time曾经 2.介词与形容词的搭配 about短语 bring about导致，引起 care about关心；在意 come about 发生 hear about 听说 know/learn about了解 talk about 谈论 think about考虑 worry about 担心 at短语 laugh at 嘲笑 look at 看 knock at敲 point at 指向 shout at 斥责……；对……大喊 throw at 投向；掷向 work at 从事；研究 down短语 break down损坏；出故障 calm down （使）平静 cut down砍倒；削减 die down逐渐变弱 fall down倒塌；摔倒 let down 使失望 lie down躺下 pull down摧毁；拆毁 sit down坐下 slow down减速 take down拆除；记录 turn down调低，关小；拒绝 lie down躺下 pull down摧毁；拆毁 sit down坐下 write down写下 for短语 ask for 要求；请求 care for 关心；照顾；喜欢 cheer for 为……欢呼 leave for 出发前往 pay for 付钱 prepare for 为……做准备 wait for 等候；等待 off短语 break off中断；中止 clean off扫除；擦去 cut off切除；剪掉 drive off 驱车离去；驶去 get off 下车 give off发出，放出（光、热等） pay off 偿清 put off推迟 send off发出；寄出 set off出发，动身 show off炫耀 take off（飞机）起飞；脱下 shut off关闭 turn off关掉 kick sb. off开除某人 see sb. off 为某人送行 on短语 call on号召；拜访 cheer sb. on为某人加油 carry on继续；坚持 come on 快点儿；加油 depend on依靠；取决于 go on持续；发生 hold on不挂断（电话）；坚持 keep on继续（前行） try on试穿 take on 承担 turn on接通；打开 work on从事；继续工作 out短语 break out 爆发 bring out使显现 carry out 执行 check out调查；察看 clear out 清理；丢掉 come out开花；出版；显示 cut out 删除；删去 die out 灭绝 eat out出去吃 find out 查明；发现 give out分发；发放 go out 外出（娱乐）；熄灭 hand out分发 hang out 闲逛 help out 帮忙解决 leave out 不包括；不提及 look out当心 pick out 选出 point out指出 put out扑灭；扔掉 run out 用光 sell out卖完 set out 出发；动身 try out 试用；参加选拔 turn out结果是 work out成功地发展；解决 to短语 belong to 属于 dance to 伴着……跳舞 listen to 听 lead to 导致；通向 stick to 坚持；固守 shout to 对……大声喊叫 speak to 对……说话 talk to 与……交谈 pay attention to 注意；留心 help oneself to 请随便吃/喝…… hold on to 继续；坚持；保持 up短语 bring up提出；养育 call up打电话给；征召 cheer up 使振奋 clean up打扫 dress up打扮 eat up吃光 end up结束 fix up修理 give up放弃 grow up成长；长大 hurry up快点；赶快 look up 查阅；抬头看 make up编造；构成 pick up捡起；接人 put up搭建；张贴；举起 send up 发出；射出 set up建立；创立 show up出现；露面 stay up 熬夜 stand up站起来 take up占据；开始从事 tidy up收拾；整理 turn up开大；调高；出现 wake up睡醒；醒来 use up用完；耗尽 build sb. up 增强某人的体质 with短语 agree with 同意 deal with 处理；解决；应付 begin/start with 以……开始 compare with 与……作比较 connect with 与……相连 help out with 帮忙做 catch up with 赶上；达到 come up with 想出；提出 fall in love with 喜欢上 get on/along with 与……和睦相处 keep up with 跟上；不落后 【考点链接】 一、单项选择 1．—Can you tell me where our school’s music room is? —Sure! It’s on the ________ floor, right above the computer room on the first floor. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们学校的音乐室在哪里吗？——当然可以！它在二楼，就在一楼计算机房的正上方。考查序数词辨析。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“right above the computer room on the first floor”可知，这里需要一个表示楼层的数词，second符合语境，说明音乐室在一楼的正上方即二楼。故选B。 2．________ the engineers are testing new AI models to make sure they can be well used in the government’s program. A．Five hundred B．Three hundred of C．Two hundreds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些工程师中的三百名工程师们正在测试新的AI模型，以确保它们能在政府项目中得到很好的使用。考查数词用法。Five hundred五百；Three hundred of……中的三百；Two hundreds两百，错误表达。hundred前接具体数字时需用单数；且当修饰带定冠词the的复数名词时，需加of表示“……中的一部分”，结构为“数字+hundred+of+the+复数名词”，结合题干the engineers的语境，应用Three hundred of。故选B。 3．—The __________ Asian Winter Games Habin 2025 was a great success. —Oh, it is an honor for Harbin people. A．ninteenth B．ninth C．nineth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——2025年哈尔滨第九届亚洲冬季运动会取得了巨大成功。——哦，这对哈尔滨人民来说是一份荣誉。考查序数词辨析。nineteenth第十九；ninth第九；nineth拼写错误。根据亚洲冬季运动会历史，2025年哈尔滨举办的是第九届，需用正确拼写的序数词“ninth”。故选B。 4．—On Tree Planting Day, the students in our school planted five _________trees on the hill. —Good job! Everyone can do something to make our hometown greener. A．hundreds B．hundred of C．hundred 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在植树节，我们学校的学生在山上种了五百棵树。——干得好！每个人都能做些事情让我们的家乡变得更环保。考查数词的用法。hundreds几百，复数形式；hundred of结构错误；hundred百，基数词。根据“five”可知，此处表示确切数量。在英语中，当hundred, thousand等词前有具体数字修饰时，应用单数形式，且不与of连用；只有表示不确定的数量（如hundreds of）时才加-s并与of连用。故选C。 5．China held a commemoration to celebrate the ________ anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War on September 3rd, 2025. A．eighth B．eighteenth C．eightieth D．eightyth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国在2025年9月3日举行纪念活动，庆祝世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。考查序数词的用法。eighth第八；eighteenth第十八；eightieth第八十；eightyth错误拼写。根据常识可知，2025年是世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。故选C。 6．—Would you like another cup of tea, Jenny? —Thank you anyway. I’ve already had one cup, and I’m drinking the _________ cup. A．one B．first C．two D．second 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——珍妮，你想再来一杯茶吗？——不管怎样，还是谢谢你。我已经喝了一杯，我正在喝第二杯。考查数词辨析及用法。one一个，基数词；first第一，序数词；tow二，基数词；second第二，序数词。根据“already had one cup”可知，现在喝的是“第二杯”，用序数词second。故选D。 7．I am the ________ child of the family. My ________ younger sisters were much younger than me. A．one; two B．first; two C．one; second D．first; second 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我是家里的第一个孩子。我的两个妹妹都比我小很多。考查数词的用法。one一；two二；first第一；second第二。根据“the...child of the family”可知，此处表示“第一个孩子”，应用序数词“first”；根据“My...younger sisters”可知，此处表示“两个妹妹”，应用基数词two修饰sisters。故选B。 8．China has made great progress in green energy ________ we still have a long way to go to achieve greater development. A．so B．or C．and D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国在绿色能源方面取得了巨大进步，但我们还有很长的路要走以实现更大的发展。考查并列连词辨析。so所以，表因果关系；or或者，表选择关系；and并且，表并列关系；but但是，表转折关系。根据“China has made great progress in green energy…we still have a long way to go to achieve greater development.”可知，前半句是一个肯定的成就，后半句则指出了不足之处。因此，两者之间是转折关系。故选D。 9．—Are people in Internet companies complaining about long working hours? —Yes. They make great contributions to IT industry, ________ they can’t achieve a balance between life and work. A．or B．if C．but D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——互联网公司的人在抱怨长时间的工作吗？——是的。他们为IT行业做出了巨大贡献，但是他们无法在生活和工作之间取得平衡。考查连词辨析。or或者；if如果；but但是；since自从。根据“They make great contributions to IT industry...they can’t achieve a balance between life and work.”可知，前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 10．John hates most of the fruits ________ he loves sour grapes very much. A．because B．while C．unless D．and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：John讨厌大多数水果，但他非常喜欢酸葡萄。考查连词辨析。because因为；while然而；unless除非；and和。根据“John hates most of the fruits”可知，尽管讨厌大多数水果，但是非常喜欢酸葡萄，前后表示转折关系，用while连接。故选B。 11．Rules (规则) are helpful to us. ________ we have to follow (遵守) them. A．Because B．But C．and D．So 【答案】D 【详解】句意：规则对我们有帮助。所以我们必须遵守它们。考查连词辨析。Because因为；But但是；and和；So所以。根据“Rules (规则) are helpful to us…we have to follow (遵守) them.”可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前因后果，此处应用So引导结果状语从句。故选D。 12．Johnny had to write a report about Chinese history, ________ he went to the library A．for B．but C．or D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Johnny需要写一篇关于中国历史的报告，所以他去了图书馆。考查连词辨析。for因为（表原因）；but但是（表转折）；or或者（表选择）；so所以（表结果）。根据“Johnny had to write a report about Chinese history, …he went to the library”可知，写报告是去图书馆的原因，前后句是因果关系，因此此处用so连接。故选D。 13．Many greenways have been built in Chengdu for people to enjoy nature, ________ people can have a good time there. A．but B．or C．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：成都已经修建了许多绿道供人们享受自然，并且人们可以在那里玩得很开心。  考查连词辨析。but但是，表示转折关系；or或者，表示选择关系；and和，并且，表示顺承关系。根据“Many greenways have been built in Chengdu for people to enjoy nature”以及“people can have a good time there”可知，前后两个句子之间是顺承关系，即修建绿道供人们享受自然，并且人们可以在那里玩得开心，故选C。 14．—We often find it hard to drive a car in the rush hour. —That’s ________ many people would rather ride bikes in our city. A．because B．why C．when D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们经常发现在高峰时段开车很难。——这就是为什么很多人宁愿在我们城市骑自行车。考查表语从句连接词。because因为；why为什么；when什么时候；how怎样。根据“That’s…many people would rather ride bikes in our city.”可知，空后为高峰时段骑自行车的理由，应用why引导的表语从句。故选B。 15．Alice watched TV ________ 12:00 last night, so she felt sleepy this morning. A．unless B．until C．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Alice昨晚看电视直到12点，所以她今天早上感到困倦。考查介词辨析。unless除非；until直到；when当……时候。根据“12:00 last night, so she felt sleepy this morning.”可知，Alice看电视的动作持续到12点才结束，导致她今早困倦，until符合。故选B。 16．Sometimes Mother’s Day is ________ the same day as International Nurses Day. A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有时母亲节和国际护士节在同一天。考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等；on后跟具体的某一天；at后跟具体的时刻；for后跟一段时间。根据“the same day”可知，此处指具体的一天，应用介词on。故选B。 17．For the boy, nothing was warmer than a dinner cooked by his mother ________ a cold evening. A．on B．in C．at D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对这个男孩来说，没有什么比在寒冷的夜晚吃上妈妈做的饭更温暖的了。考查介词辨析。on后接具体某一天，或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；in后接年、月、季节、泛指的上下午、晚上等；at后接具体时刻等；for后接一段时间。根据“a cold evening”可知，此处指在寒冷的晚上，应用介词on。故选A。 18．Thanksgiving is celebrated ________ the fourth Thursday ________ November. A．on; on B．in; in C．in; on D．on; in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：感恩节在十一月的第四个星期四被庆祝。考查介词的用法。在具体的某一天前用介词“on”；在月份前用介词“in”。故选D。 19．Make a second, smaller ball and put it ________ top of the first one. A．in B．on C．above D．below 【答案】B 【详解】句意：制作第二个更小的球，并把它放在第一个球的上面。考查介词短语。in表示“在……里面”；on表示“在……上面（接触表面）”；above表示“在……上方（不接触）”；below表示 “在……下方”。on top of是固定短语，意为“在……顶部”，符合把小球放在大球接触式顶部的语境。故选B。 20．John usually starts to do exercise ________ six o’clock every morning. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：约翰通常每天早上六点开始锻炼。考查介词辨析。at用于具体的时刻前；on用于具体某天或某天的上午 / 下午 / 晚上；to表示 “到（某个时间）” 或方向；in用于较大的时间范围。 “six o’clock” 为具体时刻，故填 at。故选A。 二、单词拼写 1．This is my (three) time to visit Xiangyang. I love this city very much. 【答案】third 【详解】句意：这是我第三次来参观襄阳。我很喜欢这座城市。根据“my…time”以及提示词可知，此处表示“我的第三次”，应该用序数词来修饰time，three的序数词形式为third。故填third。 2．Chong Yang Festival comes in September of Chinese lunar calendar, the (nine) month of the year. 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：重阳节在农历九月，也就是一年中的第九个月。根据“Chong Yang Festival comes in September of Chinese lunar calendar, the ... month of the year.”可知，农历九月是一年中的第九个月，此处用序数词ninth“第九”表示顺序。故填ninth。 3．Today, many families in our country are planning to have a (第二) child. 【答案】second 【详解】句意：如今，我国许多家庭计划要第二个孩子。“第二”second，序数词。故填second。 4．The man started his writing career in his (forty), but he still achieved success. 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：这个人在四十多岁时才开始了他的写作生涯，但是他仍然取得了成功。根据“The man started his writing career in his…”及所给词可知，此处是“in one’s+整十的复数形式”，表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”，forty是数词，四十，此处用复数形式。故填forties。 5． (五分之二) of the students in our class are girls. 【答案】 Two fifths 【详解】句意：我们班五分之二的学生是女生。“五分之二”用two fifths，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Two；fifths。 6．Stars shine for everyone e (除了) those who close their eyes. 【答案】except/xcept 【详解】句意：星星为所有人闪耀，除了那些闭上眼睛的人。根据首字母和所给提示可知，除了：except，介词。故填except。 7．Our class will have a basketball game (和……对抗) Class 6 this afternoon. 【答案】against 【详解】句意：今天下午我们班将和六班进行一场篮球比赛。根据“have a basketball game...Class 6”及中文提示可知，本空缺少介词，英文中常用介词against表示“与……对抗/比赛”。故填against。 8．An hour later, she stood my house, with her suitcase, wet all over. (在外面) 【答案】outside 【详解】句意：一个小时后，她站在我家外面，带着她的手提箱，全身湿透了。根据“An hour later, she stood...my house, with her suitcase, wet all over.”及汉语提示可知，“在外面”英文表达为“outside”，是介词，“outside my house”表示“在我家外面”。故选outside。 9．People like sharing things t social media now. 【答案】(t)hrough 【详解】句意：现在人们喜欢通过社交媒体分享东西。根据首字母和“People like sharing things”可知，通过社交媒体分享东西，through“通过”符合句意，故填(t)hrough。 10．I’d like hamburgers w beef and tomatoes. 【答案】(w)ith 【详解】 句意：我想要加有牛肉和西红柿的汉堡包。根据语境以及首字母提示可知，“hamburgers with beef and tomatoes”表示“带有牛肉和西红柿的汉堡包”，with引导的短语作后置定语修饰“hamburgers”。故填(w)ith。 11．Lily decorated the room in a modern style, w her sister preferred a traditional look. 【答案】(w)hile 【详解】句意：Lily把房间装修成现代风格，而她的姐姐更喜欢传统的样子。根据“Lily decorated the room in a modern style”和“her sister preferred a traditional look”以及首字母提示可知，应填while“而”，表示对比。故填(w)hile。 12． Mrs Smith makes any special dish, she will surely offer it to me. (无论何时) 【答案】Whenever 【详解】句意：无论什么时候，史密斯太太做了什么特别的菜，她一定会拿给我。根据汉语提示可知，whenever“无论何时”，引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填Whenever。 13．In China, the old ladies take a walk have a square dance after dinner. (要么……要么.……) 【答案】 either or 【详解】句意：在中国，老太太们饭后要么散步，要么跳广场舞。根据中文提示可知，“要么……要么.……”的英文表述为either…or…，并列连词，连接两个主语时，其谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。故填either；or。 14．The bus is quite full so I have to wait t the next bus comes. 【答案】(t)ill 【详解】句意：公共汽车已经满了，所以我不得不等到下一辆公共汽车来。根据“The bus is quite full so I have to wait t... the next bus comes.”可知要一直等到下一辆公共汽车来，till“直到……为止”。故填(t)ill。 15．China became the first country to host the Summer Winter Olympics. 【答案】and 【详解】句意：中国成为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的国家。根据常识可知中国举办了夏季和冬季奥运会，并列连词and“和”符合题意，故填and。 三、语法选择 （一） The brush pen can date back (追溯到) 1 of years to ancient China. It’s said that it was invented by a man named Meng Tian. Meng Tian was a general of the Qin Kingdom. In 223 BC, Meng was leading the army in a fight. He needed 2 the daily situation of the fight to his king. In those days, people could only write on silk 3 a stick pen. It took Meng much time and caused him trouble. So he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day, Meng caught some rabbits in the wild. The rabbits 4 on horseback, and one rabbit’s tail left a trail (痕迹) on the ground when the horse moved on. Suddenly, 5 good idea hit Meng when he saw that. After Meng went back, he planned 6 —tie a rabbit’s tail to a stick and use it to write. However, the rabbit hair was oily (油性的), and did not hold the ink (墨). It couldn’t write. Then Meng 7 his “invention” away into a stone hole. But that didn’t stop 8 from trying. 9 days later, Meng saw his “invention” in that hole again. Surprisingly, it could write well. In fact, the special water in the hole cleaned the oil on the rabbit’s tail and made it much 10 . Meng finally succeeded in inventing the brush pen. 1．A．thousand B．thousand’s C．thousands D．thousands’ 2．A．report B．reporting C．reported D．to report 3．A．with B．in C．on D．by 4．A．carried B．were carried C．are carried D．was carried 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．why would he do B．why he would do C．what would he do D．what he would do 7．A．throw B．throws C．threw D．throwing 8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 9．A．Little B．A little C．Few D．A few 10．A．soft B．softer C．softest D．softly 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了毛笔的起源，相传毛笔是由秦国将军蒙恬发明的，蒙恬在打仗时发现兔子尾巴留下的痕迹，受到启发，计划用兔子尾巴绑在木棍上写字，但兔子毛太油写不了字，蒙恬将其扔进石洞，几天后发现兔子尾巴因洞里特殊的水清洗了油而变得好用，最终成功发明了毛笔。 1．句意：毛笔可以追溯到数千年前的古代中国。 thousand千；thousand’s千的；thousands数千；thousands’数千的。根据“of years”可知，此处表示“数千年”，thousands of为固定搭配，意为“数千的”，符合句意。故选C。 2．句意：他需要向国王报告战斗的每日情况。 report报告，动词原形；reporting动名词或现在分词；reported过去式或过去分词；to report动词不定式。根据“He needed”可知，此处考查“need to do sth.”，意为“需要做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 3．句意：在那些日子里，人们只能用棍笔在丝绸上写字。 with用；in在……里；on在……上；by通过。根据“write on silk … a stick pen”可知，此处表示“用棍笔在丝绸上写字”，应用介词with表示“用”。故选A。 4．句意：兔子被骑在马背上，当马继续前进时，一只兔子的尾巴在地上留下了一条痕迹。 carried携带，过去式；were carried一般过去时的被动语态；are carried一般现在时的被动语态；was carried一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数。根据“The rabbits … on horseback”可知，主语“The rabbits”与动词“carry”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，即“be+过去分词”；且根据后文“when the horse moved on”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语“The rabbits”为复数，be动词应用were。故选B。 5．句意：突然，当他看到那个时，一个好主意击中了蒙恬。 a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“good idea”可知，此处表示泛指“一个好主意”，且“good”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故选A。 6．句意：蒙恬回去后，他计划要做什么——把兔子的尾巴绑在棍子上，用它来写字。 why would he do他为什么要做，疑问语序；why he would do他为什么要做，陈述语序；what would he do他要做什么，疑问语序；what he would do他要做什么，陈述语序。根据“he planned …”可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A和C；再根据“tie a rabbit’s tail to a stick and use it to write”可知，此处表示“他要做什么”，应用what引导宾语从句。故选D。 7．句意：然后蒙恬把他的“发明”扔进了一个石洞里。 throw扔，动词原形；throws第三人称单数形式；threw过去式；throwing动名词或现在分词。根据“Then Meng … his ‘invention’ away into a stone hole.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故选C。 8．句意：但这并没有阻止他继续尝试。 he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“stop … from trying”可知，此处考查“stop sb. from doing sth.”，意为“阻止某人做某事”，其中“sb.”应用人称代词宾格形式作宾语。故选B。 8．句意：几天后，蒙恬又看到了他在那个洞里的“发明”。 Little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；A little一点，修饰不可数名词；Few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；A few几个，修饰可数名词复数。根据“days later”可知，此处表示“几天后”，“days”为可数名词复数，应用a few修饰。故选D。 10．句意：事实上，洞里的特殊的水清洁了兔子尾巴上的油，使它变得更柔软。 soft柔软的，形容词原级；softer更柔软的，形容词比较级；softest最柔软的，形容词最高级；softly柔软地，副词原级。根据“made it much …”可知，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，且much修饰形容词比较级，所以此处应用softer。故选B。 （二） Chinese writer Eileen Chang once said that Chinese people’s travels are like some kind of picnicking. Do you know 1 Chinese people started to go out and have a picnic? Generally, China’s picnics 2 as “the spring outing” or “stepping on the green”. Picnics in China can be dated back to at least the Wei and Jin Dynasties, when people 3 meals by the water to celebrate the Shangsi Festival. It became one of 4 activities among women in the Tang Dynasty. A special picnic for women, often 5 daughters of officials and rich families, would be held. Ladies would wear flowers and enjoy food and drinks. In the Song Dynasty, people would have a 6 holiday for the Qingming Festival, and they would not only pay respect to 7 dead, but also enjoy scenery, food, and drinks on spring trips. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 8 more activities—kite-flying was a favorite. People had more ways 9 food, so people could eat hot food instead of cold food during the trip. Modern picnics in schools are like “outdoor cooking”. Students are taken out and are organized to cook meals by 10 to build character and learn valuable life lessons. Have you ever gone on a picnic with your family or friends? Why not take a short trip, find grassland and enjoy a picnic with them? 1．A．when B．why C．how 2．A．were known B．are known C．have known 3．A．hold B．held C．were holding 4．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 5．A．with B．by C．for 6．A．seven-day B．seventh day C．seven days 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．it was B．there were C．they are 9．A．prepare B．prepared C．to prepare 10．A．them B．themselves C．theirs 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了中国野餐文化源远流长，历代传承发展，融合自然与社交。 1．句意：中国人什么时候开始外出野餐的？ when何时；why为何；how如何。根据“Do you know…”和语境可知，这里表示询问时间点。故选A。 2．句意：一般来说，中国的野餐被称为“春游”或“踏青”。 were known为人所知；are known为人所知；have known已知。主语“China’s picnics”，为复数，是被称为，且“Generally”表明是当前普遍认知，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 3．句意：中国的野餐至少可以追溯到魏晋时期，当时人们在水边吃饭来庆祝上巳节。 hold持有；held持有，过去式；were holding持有，过去进行时。根据“Picnics in China can be dated back to at least the Wei and Jin Dynasties, when people”可知，该句为一般过去时，描述过去的动作，动词填过去式，故选B。 4．句意：它成为唐代妇女中最受欢迎的活动之一。 popular受欢迎的；more popular更受欢迎的；the most popular最受欢迎的。“one of"后需接形容词最高级，表示“最……之一”。故选C。 5．句意：妇女们，通常是官员和富裕家庭的女儿，会举行一场特殊的野餐。 with和；by由；for为了。此处用for表示对象（为女性举办），故选C。 6．句意：在宋代，人们会在清明节放七天假，他们不仅会祭奠死者，还会在春游中享受风景、美食和饮料。 seven-day七天的；seventh day第七天；seven days七天。此处用复合形容词“seven-day”作定语修饰holiday。故选A。 7．句意：在宋代，人们会在清明节放七天假，他们不仅会祭奠死者，还会在春游中享受风景、美食和饮料。 a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。the dead“逝者”是固定用法，用定冠词the表特定群体。故选C。 8．句意：在明清时期，有更多的活动——放风筝是最受欢迎的。 it was它是；there were有；they are他们是。描述“存在更多活动”需用存现句，主语是“more activities”，there were“有”符合题意，故选B。 9．句意：人们有了更多的方法来准备食物，所以人们在旅途中可以吃热的食物而不是冷的食物。 prepare准备；prepared准备好的；to prepare准备，不定式。此处表示准备食物的方式，不定式to prepare作后置定语修饰ways。故选C。 10．句意：学生们被带出去，并组织自己做饭，以建立品格和学习宝贵的人生经验。 them他们；themselves他们自己；theirs他们的。by themselves“亲自/独立”，强调学生动手操作，反身代词表示“他们自己”。故选B。 四、短文填空 （一） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Asli Samanci is always interested in science. Her job as a food scientist is important. “It has something to do 1 everything,” she told reporters. “Biology, microbiology, and chemistry, all together.” Now Samanci runs a company called Bee & You. It 2 (sell) health products made from propolis (蜂胶). Samanci started her business because of her son. 3 was often in poor health as a young child. A doctor told her 4 (use) propolis to fight illness 5 she decided to work with a beekeeper. They made the product her son needed together. Samanci still works with beekeepers. They keep bees in 6 scientific way. Her beekeeping partners 7 (own) about 50 hives (蜂箱) 10 years ago. Now they are running 300 or 400 hives. “As they develop 8 (rapid), they look after more bees. This means we are growing the number of bees in the world,” she says. “And that’s good for nature.” Samanci runs a 9 (success) company and she loves nature. It is “a win-win business model (模式)”. She advises all businessmen and 10   (scientist) to find the win-win mode. It is good for yourself. It is good for nature. “That’s how life should go on,” she says. 【答案】 1．with 2．sells 3．He 4．to use 5．so 6．a 7．owned 8．rapidly 9．successful 10．scientists 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了食品科学家Asli Samanci因儿子的健康问题创立了主营蜂胶健康产品的Bee&You公司，她与养蜂人以科学方式养蜂，不仅让公司发展成功，还助力自然生态，形成双赢商业模式的故事。 1．句意：这和所有事情都有关系。此处考查短语“have something to do with”，意为“与……有关”，是固定搭配。故填with。 2．句意：该公司售卖由蜂胶制成的健康产品。主语“It”指代前文的“Bee&You”公司，是第三人称单数，本文整体为一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填sells。 3．句意：他小时候经常身体不好。此处指代前文提到的“her son”，在句中作主语，需用人称代词主格形式。故填He。 4．句意：一位医生告诉她用蜂胶来对抗疾病。此处考查固定短语“tell sb. to do sth.”，意为“告诉某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to use。 5．句意：所以她决定和一位养蜂人合作。前文“医生建议用蜂胶治病”与后文“和养蜂人合作”是因果关系，需用表结果的连词。故填so。 6．句意：他们用一种科学的方式养蜂。“way”是可数名词单数，且“scientific”以辅音音素开头，此处表示“一种科学的方式”，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．句意：10年前，她的养蜂合作伙伴拥有大约50个蜂箱。时间状语“10 years ago”是一般过去时的标志，谓语动词需用过去式。故填owned。 8．句意：随着他们快速发展，他们照看更多的蜜蜂。此处修饰动词“develop”，需用副词形式，“rapid”的副词是rapidly。故填rapidly。 9．句意：Samanci经营着一家成功的公司，并且她热爱自然。此处修饰名词“company”，需用形容词形式，“success”的形容词是successful。故填successful。 10．句意：她建议所有商人和科学家都去寻找这种双赢模式。“and”连接并列成分，前文“businessmen”是复数形式，“scientist”是可数名词，此处需用复数形式。故填scientists。 （二） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，在空白处填入适当的单词，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。 On April 19, 2025, Beijing Yizhuang held an exciting event: the world’s first half-marathon for humanoid robots (人形机器人半程马拉松)! The race was 21 kilometers 1 . The winner, Tiangong Ultra, ran as fast as 12 km/h! To avoid overheating, it used light and strong materials and special systems to stay cool. Other robots, like Whirlwind Kid 2 Little Giant, also joined the race. Though small, Little Giant impressed everyone by finishing the challenge! For the groups, the race is not just 3 speed. It is also about smart planning. This event was more than a competition. It showed how rapidly humanoid robots have progressed. Engineers explained that such robots could 4 humans in many ways in the future, like working in factories, homes, or even disaster areas. The race got lots of attention as it showed that 5 and humans can team up to build a smarter world. With the help of robots, life will be easier in the future! 【答案】1．long 2．and 3．about 4．help 5．robots 【导语】本文主要介绍了2025年4月在北京亦庄举办的全球首场人形机器人半程马拉松。 1．句意：这场比赛全长21公里。根据“The race was 21 kilometers”可知，此处是描述比赛的长度，long长的，符合语境。故填long。 2．句意：其他机器人，比如“旋风小子”和“小巨人”，也参加了比赛。根据“Other robots, like Whirlwind Kid…Little Giant”可知，此处是列举两个机器人名称，“and”是用于连接并列的名词，符合语境。故填and。 3．句意：对于参赛队伍来说，这场比赛不仅关乎速度。根据“it is also about smart planning”可知，后句提到“也关乎智能规划”，前句对应表述“不仅关乎速度”，“about”表示“关于”，符合语境。故填about。 4．句意：工程师们解释说，这类机器人未来可以在很多方面帮助人类。根据“like working in factories, homes, or even disaster areas”可知，机器人在工厂、家庭等场景的工作属于对人类的帮助，“help”表示“帮助”，符合语境，could后填动词原形。故填help。 5．句意：这场比赛引起了广泛关注，因为它展示了机器人和人类可以合作构建更智能的世界。根据“With the help of robots, life will be easier in the future”可知，全文围绕机器人展开，此处对应指“机器人”与人类合作，“robots”表示“机器人”，符合语境。故填robots。 【真题链接】 一、单项选择 1．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Four and seven is ________. A．ten B．eleven C．twelve D．thirteen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：四加七等于十一。考查数词和数字运算。ten十；eleven十一；twelve十二；thirteen十三。根据“Four and seven is”可知，四加七等于十一，故选B。 2．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）David will celebrate his ________ birthday soon. He will reach “the year of erli”. A．thirtieth B．fortieth C．fiftieth 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大卫很快就要庆祝他的三十岁生日了。他将到达“而立之年”。考查序数词。thirtieth第三十；fortieth第四十；fiftieth第五十。根据“He will reach “the year of erli”.”可知，而立之年是三十岁。故选A。 3．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）My old grandfather is in his ________, but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well. A．nineteen B．ninety C．ninetieth D．nineties 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的老爷爷九十多岁了，但他仍然能做些园艺并照顾好自己。考查年龄表达法。nineteen十九；ninety九十；ninetieth第九十；nineties九十几。表示“某人几十多岁”用“in one’s + 整十基数词的复数形式”。故选D。 4．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）It’s well known that December is the ________ month of a year. A．twelve B．twelfth C．twelveth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：众所周知，十二月是一年中的第十二个月。考查序数词。twelve十二；twelfth第十二。根据“December is the...month of a year”可知十二月是一年中的第十二个月，此处表示顺序用序数词twelfth。故选B。 5．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—When are you going on holiday? —I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July. A．two B．second C．twice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你什么时候去度假？——我不确定，可能是七月的第二周。考查数词。two二；second第二；twice两次。根据“perhaps the...week in July.”可知，此处表示七月的第二周，表示顺序，需用序数词second。故选B。 6．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Every year, tourists from all over the world come to Harbin to celebrate the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ January 5th. A．in B．at C．on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年，来自世界各地的游客都会来到哈尔滨，于1月5日庆祝哈尔滨国际冰雪节。 考查介词辨析。in在……里，通常用于月份、年份或季节；at在，通常用于具体时间点；on在……上，通常用于具体日期或星期几。根据“January 5th.”可知，此处指的是具体日期，应用on。故选C。 7．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast. A．in B．of C．at D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰克早上起得很早。他经常在早餐前跑步。考查介词词义辨析。in表示时间时，常表示在早晨、下午或晚上；of……的；at表示时间时，后跟具体时刻；on表示时间时，用于某天的前面。句中“the morning”指的是在早上，应用介词in。故选A。 8．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little brother because he is only 10 months old. A．besides B．except C．beside 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我家里每个人都做家务，除了我弟弟，因为他只有10个月大。考查介词辨析。besides除了，包括在内；except除了，不包括在内；beside在旁边。根据“Everyone in my family does chores...my little brother because he is only 10 months old.”可知除了弟弟每个人都要做家务，因为他只有10个月大，所以是不包括他，用介词except。故选B。 9．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2025年2月19日，西藏开通了首条飞往香港的航线。考查介词辨析。in在某年某月某季节；on在某一天；at在某时刻。空后是具体某一天，用介词on。故选B。 10．（2025·北京·中考真题）Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter. A．or B．but C．so D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珍妮特为我们做了很多，所以我们想给她写一封感谢信。考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；so因此；for因为。分析句子可知，因为珍妮特为我们做了很多，所以给她写感谢信，前后是因果关系，应用so连接。故选C。 11．（2025·云南·中考真题）Fast food tastes delicious. ________ eating it too often is bad for your health. A．Or B．And C．But D．So 【答案】C 【详解】句意：快餐尝起来很美味。但是吃得太多对你的健康有害。考查并列连词辨析。Or否则；And和；But但是；So所以。由“Fast food tastes delicious”与“eating it too often is bad for your health”可知，前后句为转折关系，指的是虽然好吃，但吃太多不好。应用But连接。故选C。 二、语法选择 （一） （2025·青海·中考真题）根据图片提示，结合文中情境，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Many changes have taken place in Ma Li’s home these years. Her grandparents used paper maps for travelling, 1 now they prefer the Navigation Apps (导航软件). They used 2 write letters. Now they make video calls. Her mom bought tickets 3 the station before. Now she books them on the phone. Though times change, some things stay 4 same. Her mom still cooks the recipes (食谱) from her grandma. Her dad still tells the stories 5 children love from her grandpa. Though new tools make life easier, family love never changes. 1．A．so B．because C．but 2．A．to B．by C．for 3．A．off B．at C．with 4．A．a B．the C．an 5．A．who B．where C．that 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了马丽家这些年发生的变化以及不变的家庭爱。 1．句意：她的祖父母旅行时使用纸质地图，但现在他们更喜欢导航应用程序。 so所以；because因为；but但是。根据“Her grandparents used paper maps for travelling...now they prefer the Navigation Apps (导航软件)”可知，空格前后句为转折关系，故应用but。故选C。 2．句意：他们过去常常写信。 to到、向；by通过；for为了。根据“They used...write letters”可知，used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，故此处应用 to。故选A。 3．句意：她妈妈以前在车站买票。 off离开；at在；with和……一起。根据“Her mom bought tickets...the station before” 可知，at the station“在车站”，故此处应用at。故选B。 4．句意：但有些事情保持不变。 a一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the这，特指；an一，用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“some things stay...same”可知，the same“相同的”，故此处应用the。故选B。 5．句意：她爸爸仍然讲那些孩子们从爷爷那里就喜欢的故事。 who谁；where哪里；that那。根据“Her dad still tells the stories...children love from her grandpa”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词“stories”指物，从句缺宾语，关系代词应用that或which。故选C。 （二） （2025·广东·中考真题）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Lily works as a main cook in a famous restaurant. It was her mom who guided her into the world of cooking. When she was a little girl, Lily spent a lot of time with mom in the kitchen. She remembered that she would always sit there 1 watch mom cooking. She was curious about 2 mom was busy with. When she was older, she 3 to do easy tasks like beating eggs. Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables 4 a small knife. She also learned how to make dumplings of 5 shapes. To a girl of her age, cooking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned more about food and tried cooking 6 dishes than before. After finishing college, she decided 7 in a restaurant. With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create 8 own dishes. So far, she 9 many dishes with special tastes. All these dishes are popular with customers. Today, the kitchen is still a place for Lily and mom to have 10 fun together. Every time before a family dinner party, they will cooperate to plan a menu. Cooking has kept their mother-daughter relationship strong. 1．A．or B．and C．but 2．A．what B．that C．whether 3．A．is allowed B．was allowed C．was allowing 4．A．by B．for C．with 5．A．different B．difference C．differently 6．A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 7．A．work B．working C．to work 8．A．her B．hers C．herself 9．A．invents B．will invent C．has invented 10．A．/ B．a C．the 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了莉莉在母亲引导下走上烹饪之路，并最终成为一名出色厨师的故事。 1．句意：她记得自己总是坐在那里看妈妈做饭。 or或者；and和，并且；but但是。根据“sit there”和“watch Mom cooking”可知，前后两个动作是顺承关系，用and连接。故选B。 2．句意：她对妈妈在忙什么感到好奇。 what什么；that那个；whether是否。根据“She was curious about...Mom was busy with.”可知，此处指对妈妈在忙什么感到好奇，用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。故选A。 3．句意：当她长大一点时，她被允许做一些简单的任务，比如打鸡蛋。 is allowed被允许，一般现在时的被动语态；was allowed被允许，一般过去时的被动语态；was allowing允许，过去进行时。根据“When she was older”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语she和动词allow之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 4．句意：后来，当妈妈包饺子时，莉莉会用小刀帮忙切菜。 by通过；for为了；with用。根据“Lily would help cut vegetables...a small knife”可知，此处指用小刀切菜，用介词with。故选C。 5．句意：她还学会了如何包不同形状的饺子。 different不同的，形容词；difference不同，名词；differently不同地，副词。根据“shapes”可知，此处用形容词different修饰名词shapes，表示“不同形状的饺子”。故选A。 6．句意：随着莉莉的成长，她对食物有了更多的了解，并尝试烹饪比以前更难的菜肴。 difficult困难的；more difficult更困难的；the most difficult最困难的。根据“than before”可知，此处用比较级more difficult。故选B。 7．句意：大学毕业后，她决定在一家餐馆工作。 work工作，动词原形；working工作，动名词或现在分词；to work工作，动词不定式。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 8．句意：她有着丰富的想象力，想出了许多新点子，并开始创作自己的菜肴。 her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“own dishes”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词dishes，表示“她自己的菜肴”。故选A。 9．句意：到目前为止，她已经发明了许多味道特别的菜肴。 invents发明，一般现在时；will invent将发明，一般将来时；has invented已经发明，现在完成时。根据“So far”可知，时态是现在完成时，用has invented。故选C。 10．句意：今天，厨房仍然是莉莉和妈妈一起享受乐趣的地方。 /不填；a一个，不定冠词；the这个，定冠词。have fun“玩得开心，享受乐趣”，动词短语，中间不加冠词。故选A。 三、短文填空 （2023·广东深圳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the Chinese saying goes, “Food is the first necessity (必需品) of the people.” Chinese people often greet each other by asking, “Did you eat?” instead 1 “How are you?” Chinese food culture has attracted many foreigners, including Fifa from Madagascar (马达加斯加). On Fifa’s 2 (eleven) birthday, her parents took her to a local Chinese restaurant for dinner. The food there was so 3 (taste) that she asked her parents to take her there more often. Since then, Fifa has developed a deep love for Chinese food. In 2010, Fifa 4 (come) to study in a Chinese university. For her, this was a great chance 5 (discover) more about Chinese food. Over the past years, she has tried many 6 (dish) and drinks from different places in China, such as hot dry noodles in Hubei and morning tea in Guangdong. She has found out 7 makes each area’s cuisine (美食) special. In addition to the mouth-watering food, the cultural traditions behind it have also left 8 deep impression on her. For example, in Guangdong, morning tea is not only about the snacks, 3 also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends. Fifa said that she was 10 (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. For her, it was an eye-opening experience that she would always remember. 【答案】 1．of 2．eleventh 3．tasty 4．came 5．to discover 6．dishes 7．what 8．a 9．but 10．really 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自马达加斯加的Fifa对中国食物文化的喜爱，包括她第一次接触中国食物的经历、在中国学习期间对中国各地美食的探索以及美食背后的文化传统给她留下的深刻印象。 1．句意：中国人经常用“你吃了吗？”而不是“你好吗？”来互相问候。根据“instead...‘How are you?’”可知，此处考查短语instead of“代替；而不是”。故填of。 2．句意：在Fifa的11岁生日那天，她的父母带她去当地的一家中国餐馆吃晚饭。根据“On Fifa’s...birthday”可知，此处表示“第11个生日”，应该用序数词eleventh。故填eleventh。 3．句意：那里的食物很好吃，她让父母经常带她去那里。根据“The food there was so...”可知，此处应该用形容词tasty“美味的”，在句中作表语。故填tasty。 4．句意：2010年，Fifa来到中国的一所大学学习。根据“In 2010”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词come应该用其过去式came“来”。故填came。 5．句意：对她来说，这是一个发现更多中国食物的绝佳机会。discover“发现”，根据“this was a great chance...more about Chinese food”可知，此处考查短语a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”，动词不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。 6．句意：在过去的几年里，她尝试了许多来自中国不同地方的美食和饮料，比如湖北的热干面和广东的早茶。many后接可数名词复数形式，dish的复数为dishes“菜”。故填dishes。 7．句意：她已经发现了是什么让每个地区的美食变得特别。根据“She has found out...makes each area’s cuisine special.”可知，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“什么”，应该用what来引导宾语从句。故填what。 8．句意：除了令人垂涎的食物，其背后的文化传统也给她留下了深刻的印象。根据“the cultural traditions behind it have also left...deep impression on her”可知，此处考查短语leave a deep impression on sb.“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填a。 9．句意：例如，在广东，早茶不仅仅是关于小吃，也是关于人们与家人和朋友共度的宝贵时间。根据“not only about the snacks,...also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends”可知，此处考查短语not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 10．句意：Fifa说，她真的很惊讶食物竟然能包含如此多的意义。根据“Fifa said that she was...amazed”可知，此处应该用副词really“真正地”，修饰形容词amazed。故填really。 1 / 70 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 数词、连词和介词 目录 01 锚·课标要求 1 02 理·思维导图 2 03 盘·知识梳理 3 考点一 数词 3 考点二 连词 3 考点三 介词 7 04 测·背诵检验 9 1.掌握基数词的用法、基数词变成序数词，序数词的基本用法及分数和倍数的表达 2.掌握连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等，表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词 3.掌握由though/although (虽然，尽管)，even if/though (即使)if, whether(...or not)(是否)if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要)，because (因为)，as (鉴于;由于)since(由于，既然)等状语从句的连接词 4.掌握表示地点、时间、方式和方向等介词；掌握常见介词on,in,at,to,for,with等的基本用法及常见易混介词短语辨析及固定搭配 考点一 数词 数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。 （一）基数词 1. 基数词的构成 (1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。 (2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。 (3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。 20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。 (4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。 48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。 (5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。 156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。 (6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。 3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten； 94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five； 2.基数词的用法 ①表示日期。年用基数词，日用序数词：March 1st， 2025 ②表示时刻。几点过几分，用past；差几分到几点，用to。 如：4：10 ten past four　4：45 a quarter to five ③表顺序和编号。“名词＋基数词”，首字母大写：Room 203 ④表示电话号码。用基数词，单个读。重复数字可读double。 ⑤表示年代。in the＋年份复数： in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代 ⑥表示年龄。“基数词＋years old”：20 years old 20岁 “at the age of＋基数词”： at the age of 20 在20岁 “in one’s ＋整十数复数”：in her fifties 在她50多岁时 ⑦表示倍数和次数。一次once，两倍/次twice，三倍/次及以上用“基数词＋times”：four times四倍/次 ⑧基数词＋概数词（hundred/thousand/million）＋名词复数，表示确切的数字。 如：nine hundred dollars 九百美元 【拓展】 1. “基数词＋连字符＋单数名词”相当于复合形容词。如：a five-minute ride＝five minutes’ ride 骑车5分钟的路程 2. “another＋基数词＋可数名词复数”＝基数词＋more＋可数名词复数， 如：another two bags＝ two more bags 另外两个包 3.基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Twenty years is quite a long time. 20年真的是很长的一段时间。 （二）序数词 1. 序数词的构成 first 1st second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th fifth 5th sixth 6th seventh 7th eighth 8th ninth 9th tenth 10th eleventh 11th twelfth 12th thirteenth 13th fourteenth 14th fifteenth 15th sixteenth 16th seventeenth 17th eighteenth 18th nineteenth 19th twentieth 20th twenty-first 21st twenty-second 22nd thirtieth 30th fortieth 40th fiftieth 50th sixtieth 60th seventieth 70th eightieth 80th ninetieth 90th hundredth 100th one hundred and first 101st (1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。 (2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加 ＂th＂构成。如：fourth。 (3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。 (4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。 (5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。 2.序数词的用法 ①加the表顺序。如： The second picture is very beautiful. 第二幅画很漂亮。 ②前有my， your， Jack’s等限定词时不加the。如：my first time to come here 我第一次来到这里 ③加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一，再一”。如： a second time 第二次 ④修饰谓语动词时，省略the。如：She came third in the race. 她在比赛中获得第三名。 ⑤物品编号。如：the second page＝Page 2 ⑥与基数词连用时，通常置于基数词前。如：the first five pages of the book 这本书的前五页 3.判定空处用序数词的方法 ①the＋序数词＋名词。如：It was the first game of the season. 那是本赛季的第一场比赛。 ②形容词性物主代词＋序数词＋名词。如：This is her third win in a row. 这是她连续获得的第三次胜利。 ③在文章中罗列步骤，与其他序数词并列。 （三）分数的表达 1.分数的构成 分数是由基数词和序数词相结合来表达的。分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用序数词复数形式。如： one third 三分之一　two thirds 三分之二 2.主谓一致 谓语动词的数与分数后的名词的数保持一致。“分数＋of＋限定词＋名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式；“分数＋of＋限定词＋不可数名词/名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。如： About two thirds of the students in this class go to school by bus. 这个班里约三分之二的学生坐公共汽车上学。 Three fifths of the water in this area was polluted. 这片区域里五分之三的水被污染了。 3.quarter，half 和 percent 的用法 四分之一通常用 a/one quarter 来表示；四分之三通常用three quarters 来表示；二分之一通常用a/one half 来表示；百分之几通常用“基数词＋percent”来表示，如：30％ 可以表达为“30 percent”。 考点二 连词 （一）并列连词 1.并列复合句的概念和结构 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起而构成的句子叫作并列复合句。其基本结构：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。 and ①“和，而且”，表并列、递进或顺承： He is a good teacher， and we all like him. ②“祈使句，and＋陈述句”表结果： Work hard， and you will get better grades next time. but “但是，可是，而”，表转折： I don’t want to go there， but Mom said I must. so “因此，所以”，表因果： I don’t have enough money， so I won’t buy the toy. or ①“或者，还是”，表选择：Do it yourself or ask somebody else to do it. ②“否则”，用于“祈使句，or＋陈述句”： Work hard， or you will fail the exam. for “因为”，表原因： The plane won’t take off today， for a heavy rain is on the way. while “然而”，表转折，用来表示对比： Some kids like running in the wild while others prefer to stay at home reading. 【注意】 其他并列连词（词组） 有的并列连词（词组）可连接除分句之外的并列结构（并列的主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语等），如and（和，与），or（或者，还是，表选择），both...and...，not only...but also...，either...or...， neither...nor...。 ★表并列关系时，and/or区分：肯定句用and，否定句用or。如： I can read and write./I can’t read or write. 并列词组的常见用法 both...and... 当连接两个并列结构作主语时 “……和……”，谓语动词用复数： Both Tom and I like the movie. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Not only he but also I am interested in the movie. either...or... “要么……要么”“或者……或者”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Either you or she is going there tomorrow. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则： Neither Tom nor I am going there tomorrow. （2） 从属连词 从属连词 用法及例句 that 用于引导宾语从句，引导从句时无意义，常省略。 He told me（that）he won’t be late. 他告诉我说他不会迟到的。 though/although (虽然，尽管)， even if/though (即使) 可用于引导让步状语从句，though/although 不能与but连用。 Though he has a cold,he still goes to school. =He has a cold,but he still goes to work. 尽管他感冒了，他仍然去上学了。 if, whether (...or not)(是否) 可用于引导宾语从句，不可省略。 I don’t know whether it will rain or not today. 我不知道今天会不会下雨。 if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要) 引导条件状语从句。 Thought he is very old, he still teaches himself English. 尽管他年龄很大，他仍然自学英语。 because (因为)， as (鉴于;由于)， since(由于，既然) 用于引导原因状语从句。 I don’t want to go outside because I am too tired. 我不想外出因为我太累了。 so...that, such...that (如此……以至于……) 可用于引导结果状语从句。 The scenary here is so beautiful that I don’t want to leave. 这儿的风景太美了，以至于我不想离开了。 since自从，until/till直到，after在……之后，before在……之前，when当……时候，while当……时侯，as soon as一……就……，whenever无论何时 用于引导时间状语从句。 When I arrived there, it was raining.当我到那里时，天正在下雨。 as if/as though (仿佛；好像) It seems as if it is going to rain.好像将要下雨了。 so that（以便）， in order that（为了） in case(以防) I get up early so that I won’t be late for class. 我起得很早，这样我上课不会迟到。 as...as...(和……一样……)， not so/as...as... (和……不一样……) 用于引导比较状语从句。 He is as smart as his brother. 他和他的哥哥一样聪明。 【注意】 1.while, when, as的用法区别：这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。 （1）当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。 （2）当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。如： （3）当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。如： （4）当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边……一边……”时，最常用as。如： （5）当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。 （6）当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。 2. as, because, since, for的用法区别：这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。 （1）如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如： （2）如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点as和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如： （3）for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。 3. so…that, such...that的用法区别： （1）so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。I’m （2）如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so，不用such。 4. although, but的用法区别： 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.” 这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 5. because, so的用法区别： 这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 考点三 介词 一：时间介词 表示＂时间＂的介词如下： ① 表示年、月、日、时刻等用at, in, on ② 表示时间的前后用before, after ③ 表示期限等用by, until, till ④ 表示期间等用for, during, through ⑤ 表示时间的起点等用from, since ⑥ 表示时间的经过等用in, within, at, on, in at用于表示时刻、时间的某一点 at lunch在午饭时 at breakfast早餐时 at noon正午时 at night在夜间 at that time那时 at the moment此刻，目前 at the same time同时 at times偶尔，有时 at nine在九点钟 at first开始的时候，起初 at last最后 ►We usually have lunch at noon/ at twelve. 我们通常中午吃午饭（十二点吃午饭）。 注意：表示时间的名词前有this, last, next, every等修饰时，其前面不加介词。 this morning今天早上 last Monday上周一 every week每周 on用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午（指具体的某一时，一律用on） on Monday 在周一 on Monday evening 在周一晚上 on Tuesday morning 在周二早上 on June 6在6月6日 on May 4,2016 在2016年5月4日 on a cold night在一个寒冷的夜晚 on that day在那天 on Christmas Day在圣诞节那天 on time准时 on the night of July（the）first 在七月一日的夜晚 ►We didn’ t listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon. 周三下午我们没去听演讲。 in用于表示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上（指在一段时间内）。 in the week在这周 in the holiday在假期中 in May 在五月 in 1995在1995年 in summer在夏季 in Spring在春季 in autumn在秋季 in winter在冬季 in September, 1995 在1995年9月 in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening在晚上 in the 21st century在二十一世纪 in time及时 in an hour一个小时后 in a minute一会儿，立刻 ►The plane took off on time.飞机准时起飞了。 ►People go skating in winter.人们冬天去滑冰。 ►Do they work in the day time or at night? 他们是白天工作还是夜里工作？ before, after（注：两个既可以作介词又可以作连词） before在……之前 ►Wash your hands before dinner.（before作介词）吃饭前请洗手。 ►He will call me before he leaves here/before ten o’ clock.（前一个before作连词；后一个before作介词）他离开这儿之前/十点之前，将给我打电话。 after在……之后 ►Let’s sing some songs after school.（after作介词）放学后咱们唱歌吧！ ►Please close the door after you leave the room.（after作连词）离开房间后请关门。 by, until/till by 在……前（时间）；截止（到）…… ►How many English books had you read by the end of last year? 到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书？ ►She had left by the time I arrived. 我到时（之前）她已经走了。 by the end of在……底（之前） by then 到那时 by the time+从句 在……之前 until/till知道……为止（时间） ►We didn’ t begin to watch TV until/till nine o’ clock. 一直到九点，我们才开始看电视。（begin是点动词，所以用否定式） ►I will wait for him until he comes here. 我将在这儿一直等到他来。 for, during, through for 达……之久（表示经过了多少时间），可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用，但经常和完成时连用。 during 在……期间 through 一直……（从开始到结束） ►He has lived here for 20 years.他在这儿已经住了二十年了。 ►They are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.暑假中他们打算好好休息一下。 ►He stayed in London through the winter.他整个冬天都待在伦敦。 【注意】for和during。for之后大多跟表示时间、具体天数等的数字名词。而during后决不能跟表数字的名词。 from, since from从……起（时间） 表示＂从……开始＂时，一般都是用词组from...to...，而单纯表示确切的＂从几点开始＂时用at。 ►The meeting will be held from eight to ten. 这个会议将从8点开到10点。 since自从……以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续） ►I have been sick since yesterday.我从昨天起就病了。（强调一直病到现在） in, within in过……后（未来时间）大多用在将来时（一般将来时和过去将来时）。 in an hour一小时之后 in a week or so大约一星期之后 ►He will be back in five hours.他五小时之后回来。 ►They said they would arrive here in a week.他们说他们一周后到达。 within不超过……的范围 within 3 hours 3小时之内 within a week一周之内 ►I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.我必须在五分钟之内画好这只猫。 比较：within和in。within强调＂在……时间之内＂，没有时态的限制。in是以现在为基础，in an hour是指从现在起一小时之后，所以in一般只用于将来时。 二：表示场所、方向的介词 （1） 表示场所的介词：at, in, on, under, by, near, between, around, opposite （2） 表示方向的介词：into, out of, along, across, through, up, past ①at, in at在某地（表示比较狭窄的场所） at school上学 at home在家 stand at the door站在门边 at a factory在一家工厂 at the bottom of在……下面 at the party在聚会上 at the end of在……末尾 at the table在桌旁 at the station在火车站 at the crossroads在十字路口 at work在上班 at the bus stop在公共汽车站 ►I’ ll meet him at the Beijing railway station. 我将去北京站接他。 in在某地（表示比较宽敞的场所） in Beijing在北京 in the world在世界上 in the house在房子里 ►His brother is in prison and was arrested 2 years ago. 他哥哥两年前被捕现在在监狱中服刑。 ►She was born in China.她是在中国出生的。 ②on, above, over, under, below on在……上面，有接触面。 on the desk在桌子上面；on the map在地图上。 on在……靠近……的地方 on the right在右边 on the screen在屏幕上 on the river在河边 on the farm在农场 on the floor在地板上 on the island/beach在岛上/海滨 on the pavement在人行道上 above在……上方 ►Our plane flew above the clouds.我们的飞机在云端上飞行。 over在……正上方，是under的反义词 ►There is a light over Li Ming.李明的正上方有一盏灯。 ►A few birds were flying over the sea.有几只鸟在海上飞。 ►under在……下面；在……之内 under the table桌子下面 under the jacket在夹克内 ►The dog is under the table.这只狗在桌子下面。 below在……下方（不一定是正下方） 正下方是under，below是above的反义词。 ►There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.水面下有许多各式各样的鱼。 ③near, by near近的，不远的 near=not far，是far的反义词。near还可以指时间。 in the near future在不久的将来 ►Is there a bus stop near here? 这儿附近有公共汽车站吗？ by在……旁边，距离比near要近 by the window在窗户旁边 by me在我旁边 ►The boy is standing by the window. 这个男孩正站在窗户旁边。 ④ between, among, around between在两者之间 ►My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.我们的老师正坐在汤姆和迈克之间。 ►What’ s the difference between A and B? A和B之间有什么区别？ among在三者或更多的之中 ►There is a beautiful house among the trees.在树林之中有一间漂亮的房子。 ►He is very popular among the students.他在学生之中很受欢迎（很出名）。 around环绕，在……周围，在……四周 ►We sat around the table.我们在桌子四周坐下来。 ►The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。 ⑤ in front of，behind，opposite in front of早……的前面；在……的前部 ►There is a tree in front of the house. ►There is a big desk for the teacher in the front of the classroom. 在教室的前部有一张大讲桌。 behind在……后面 behind是in front of的反义词 ►There is a tree behind my house. 我家房子后面有一颗树。 ►There is a tree at the back of my house.我家房子后面有一棵树。 opposite在……对面 ►Our school is opposite a university,我们学校在一所大学的对面。 ►He stood opposite me.他站在我对面。 ⑥ in, into, out of, up in在……之内，用于表示静止的位置 ►The students are in the classroom.学生们在教室里。 into进入用于表有特定终点的运动的方向。通常用于表示动作的动词之后,如go, come, walk, run等。 ►The students run into the classroom.学生们跑进教室。 ►He jumped into the water.他跳入水中。 out of和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向 ►The students rushed out of the room.学生们冲出房间。 out of的基本含义：从……到外面，离开；在……范围之外；从（某个数）之中 up移动 ►The children climbed up the tree.孩子们爬上了树。 ⑦ along, across, past, through along沿着 ►I was walking along the river when it began to rain.我正沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来了。 across横过 ►I often swim across the river.我常游泳横渡这条河。 past经过 ►Every day he runs past the city hall.他每天跑步经过市政府。 through贯穿，通过 ►The sun shone through the clouds.阳光穿过云层照射下来。 ►The river was through the city.这条河穿过这个城市。 ⑧ to, from, for 单词 含义 例句 to 到达……地点（目的地）或方向 He came to Japan in 1980.他1980年来到日本。 from 从……地点起 leaver for动身去…… start for出发去…… I will leave for America next week.下周我将动身去美国。 for 表示目的地，＂向……＂ for表目的时，一般都是和固定动词搭配。 It’ s about ten minutes’ walk from here to the cinema. 从这儿到电影院大约需步行十分钟。 三： 其他介词（介词除了可以表示＂时间＂、＂场所＂以外，有些也可以表示＂手段＂＂材料＂等。） （1）表示手段和材料的介词with, in, by ①with和……在一起 ►Will you please go with me?你和我一起去好吗？ with具有、带有 ►He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes.他是有着一双明亮大眼睛的英俊男孩。 with用某种工具或办法 ►Li Li cut her hand with a knife.莉莉用刀把手指弄破了。 ►He wrote the letter with a new pen.他用一只新钢笔写这封信。 with one’ s help在某人的帮助下 ►With the teacher’ s help I have made progress.在老师的帮助下，我取得了进步。 ②in表示用什么材料（如用墨水，铅笔等），或用什么语言，或者表示衣着、声调特点时，不用with，而用in。 ►she wrote a letter in black ink. 她用黑色的墨水写信。 ►Don’ t write it in pencil but in ink. 别用铅笔写，用钢笔（水）写。 ►Can you speak in English? 你能用英语说吗？ ③by通过……方法、手段 ＂by+交通工具＂的词组： by bicycle骑自行车 by train坐火车 by plane/by air坐飞机 by taxi坐出租车 by car坐小汽车 by ship坐船 by bus坐公共汽车 （2）of, from ①of（属于）……的；表示……的数量或种类 ►This is a map of china.这是一幅中国地图。 ►Will you please give me a cup of tea? 请您给我一杯茶好吗？ ②from来自（某地、某人）；以……起始（时间或地点） ►I’ m from Nanjing.我是南京人。 ►We work from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五上班。 （3）without, like, as ①without没有，是with的反义词。 ►Man can’ t live without air and water.人类没有空气和水不能生存。 ►Please give me a cup of coffee with（without）milk.请给我一杯（不）加牛奶的咖啡。 ②like像……一样 ►Nancy is just like her mother.南希和她的妈妈一样。 ►Nancy looks like her mother.（南希和她妈妈长得一样。）用look时，强调外表。 ③as作为 ►He is famous as a scientist here. 他在此地作为一个科学家而闻名。 ►The room is dirty as usual. 这房间像平时一样脏。 （4）against, about ①against反对；靠着 ►He is against the plan（Li Ming）.他反对这个计划。（他反对李明） ►The teacher is standing against the blackboard.老师正靠着黑板站着。 ②about 关于；各处；身旁 ►Tell me something about your life.告诉我你的生活情况。 ►I have no money about/with me.我身上没带钱。 about 询问某人/某物的情况或提出建议 ►What about your sister? 你姐姐情况如何？ ►How about going to the park? 去公园怎么样？ 四、介词短语 （1）at短语 at birth出生时 at first起初 at home在家 at last最后 at least至少 at most最多 at night在晚上 at once马上；立刻 at present目前 at times有时 at work在工作 at the moment此时 at the same time同时 at the age of在……岁时 at the beginning of 在……开始 at the end of在……结束时 at the foot of 在……底部 at the top of在……顶端 （2）by短语 by＋交通工具 乘坐…… by accident偶然；意外地 by chance偶然；碰巧 by hand手工 by mistake错误地 by the time到……的时候 by the way顺便说一下 by the end of到……结束时 （3）in短语 in agreement达成一致 in all 总共 in danger处于危险中 in fact 事实上 in general总体而言 in hand在手头；在进行中 in need在困境中 in pain 痛苦地 in peace和平地 in person亲自 in public公开地 in order井然有序 in return作为回报 in short 简言之 in silence沉默 in surprise惊奇地 in time及时 in total总共 in trouble处于困境中 in turn 轮流 in a hurry匆忙地 in a minute 立刻；马上 in a word总而言之 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 in that case既然那样　　　　 in the end最后 in the future在将来 in the past 在过去 in the way妨碍 in this way 用这种方式 in other words 换句话说 in control of掌管 in front of 在……前面（外部） in the front of在……前面（内部） in the middle of在……中间　 in the face of 面对 in order to 为了 （4）on短语 on business出差 on duty值日 on foot步行 on sale廉价销售 on time准时 on vacation在度假 on weekends在周末 on one’s own独自 on the Internet 在网上 on the left/right在左边/右边 on one’s way to在某人去……的路上 （5）from短语 across from 在……对面　　　 from...to... 从……到……　　　 from now on从今以后 from then on从那时起 from time to time 不时 （6）of短语 ahead of在……之前 because of 因为 instead of 代替 a number of 许多 the number of ……的数量 the rest of 其余的 the symbol of ……的象征 first of all首先 of medium height 中等身高 all of a sudden 突然 （7）to短语 according to 根据　　　 close to 接近　　　　 next to 紧靠…… thanks to 多亏；由于 to be honest 老实说 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 to start with 起初 （8）其他常见介词短语 after all 毕竟 along with 连同 as for 至于 as usual像往常一样 for example 例如 for sale 待售 for sure 无疑；肯定 less than 少于 more than 多于 such as 比如 without doubt 毫无疑问 all in all 总的来说 as a result 结果；因此 with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下 once in a while偶尔；间或 once upon a time曾经 2.介词与形容词的搭配 about短语 bring about导致，引起 care about关心；在意 come about 发生 hear about 听说 know/learn about了解 talk about 谈论 think about考虑 worry about 担心 at短语 laugh at 嘲笑 look at 看 knock at敲 point at 指向 shout at 斥责……；对……大喊 throw at 投向；掷向 work at 从事；研究 down短语 break down损坏；出故障 calm down （使）平静 cut down砍倒；削减 die down逐渐变弱 fall down倒塌；摔倒 let down 使失望 lie down躺下 pull down摧毁；拆毁 sit down坐下 slow down减速 take down拆除；记录 turn down调低，关小；拒绝 lie down躺下 pull down摧毁；拆毁 sit down坐下 write down写下 for短语 ask for 要求；请求 care for 关心；照顾；喜欢 cheer for 为……欢呼 leave for 出发前往 pay for 付钱 prepare for 为……做准备 wait for 等候；等待 off短语 break off中断；中止 clean off扫除；擦去 cut off切除；剪掉 drive off 驱车离去；驶去 get off 下车 give off发出，放出（光、热等） pay off 偿清 put off推迟 send off发出；寄出 set off出发，动身 show off炫耀 take off（飞机）起飞；脱下 shut off关闭 turn off关掉 kick sb. off开除某人 see sb. off 为某人送行 on短语 call on号召；拜访 cheer sb. on为某人加油 carry on继续；坚持 come on 快点儿；加油 depend on依靠；取决于 go on持续；发生 hold on不挂断（电话）；坚持 keep on继续（前行） try on试穿 take on 承担 turn on接通；打开 work on从事；继续工作 out短语 break out 爆发 bring out使显现 carry out 执行 check out调查；察看 clear out 清理；丢掉 come out开花；出版；显示 cut out 删除；删去 die out 灭绝 eat out出去吃 find out 查明；发现 give out分发；发放 go out 外出（娱乐）；熄灭 hand out分发 hang out 闲逛 help out 帮忙解决 leave out 不包括；不提及 look out当心 pick out 选出 point out指出 put out扑灭；扔掉 run out 用光 sell out卖完 set out 出发；动身 try out 试用；参加选拔 turn out结果是 work out成功地发展；解决 to短语 belong to 属于 dance to 伴着……跳舞 listen to 听 lead to 导致；通向 stick to 坚持；固守 shout to 对……大声喊叫 speak to 对……说话 talk to 与……交谈 pay attention to 注意；留心 help oneself to 请随便吃/喝…… hold on to 继续；坚持；保持 up短语 bring up提出；养育 call up打电话给；征召 cheer up 使振奋 clean up打扫 dress up打扮 eat up吃光 end up结束 fix up修理 give up放弃 grow up成长；长大 hurry up快点；赶快 look up 查阅；抬头看 make up编造；构成 pick up捡起；接人 put up搭建；张贴；举起 send up 发出；射出 set up建立；创立 show up出现；露面 stay up 熬夜 stand up站起来 take up占据；开始从事 tidy up收拾；整理 turn up开大；调高；出现 wake up睡醒；醒来 use up用完；耗尽 build sb. up 增强某人的体质 with短语 agree with 同意 deal with 处理；解决；应付 begin/start with 以……开始 compare with 与……作比较 connect with 与……相连 help out with 帮忙做 catch up with 赶上；达到 come up with 想出；提出 fall in love with 喜欢上 get on/along with 与……和睦相处 keep up with 跟上；不落后 【考点链接】 一、单项选择 1．—Can you tell me where our school’s music room is? —Sure! It’s on the ________ floor, right above the computer room on the first floor. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 2．________ the engineers are testing new AI models to make sure they can be well used in the government’s program. A．Five hundred B．Three hundred of C．Two hundreds 3．—The __________ Asian Winter Games Habin 2025 was a great success. —Oh, it is an honor for Harbin people. A．ninteenth B．ninth C．nineth 4．—On Tree Planting Day, the students in our school planted five _________trees on the hill. —Good job! Everyone can do something to make our hometown greener. A．hundreds B．hundred of C．hundred 5．China held a commemoration to celebrate the ________ anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War on September 3rd, 2025. A．eighth B．eighteenth C．eightieth D．eightyth 6．—Would you like another cup of tea, Jenny? —Thank you anyway. I’ve already had one cup, and I’m drinking the _________ cup. A．one B．first C．two D．second 7．I am the ________ child of the family. My ________ younger sisters were much younger than me. A．one; two B．first; two C．one; second D．first; second 8．China has made great progress in green energy ________ we still have a long way to go to achieve greater development. A．so B．or C．and D．but 9．—Are people in Internet companies complaining about long working hours? —Yes. They make great contributions to IT industry, ________ they can’t achieve a balance between life and work. A．or B．if C．but D．since 10．John hates most of the fruits ________ he loves sour grapes very much. A．because B．while C．unless D．and 11．Rules (规则) are helpful to us. ________ we have to follow (遵守) them. A．Because B．But C．and D．So 12．Johnny had to write a report about Chinese history, ________ he went to the library A．for B．but C．or D．so 13．Many greenways have been built in Chengdu for people to enjoy nature, ________ people can have a good time there. A．but B．or C．and 14．—We often find it hard to drive a car in the rush hour. —That’s ________ many people would rather ride bikes in our city. A．because B．why C．when D．how 15．Alice watched TV ________ 12:00 last night, so she felt sleepy this morning. A．unless B．until C．when 16．Sometimes Mother’s Day is ________ the same day as International Nurses Day. A．in B．on C．at D．for 17．For the boy, nothing was warmer than a dinner cooked by his mother ________ a cold evening. A．on B．in C．at D．for 18．Thanksgiving is celebrated ________ the fourth Thursday ________ November. A．on; on B．in; in C．in; on D．on; in 19．Make a second, smaller ball and put it ________ top of the first one. A．in B．on C．above D．below 20．John usually starts to do exercise ________ six o’clock every morning. A．at B．on C．to D．in 二、单词拼写 1．This is my (three) time to visit Xiangyang. I love this city very much. 2．Chong Yang Festival comes in September of Chinese lunar calendar, the (nine) month of the year. 3．Today, many families in our country are planning to have a (第二) child. 4．The man started his writing career in his (forty), but he still achieved success. 5． (五分之二) of the students in our class are girls. 6．Stars shine for everyone e (除了) those who close their eyes. 7．Our class will have a basketball game (和……对抗) Class 6 this afternoon. 8．An hour later, she stood my house, with her suitcase, wet all over. (在外面) 9．People like sharing things t social media now. 10．I’d like hamburgers w beef and tomatoes. 11．Lily decorated the room in a modern style, w her sister preferred a traditional look. 12． Mrs Smith makes any special dish, she will surely offer it to me. (无论何时) 13．In China, the old ladies take a walk have a square dance after dinner. (要么……要么.……) 14．The bus is quite full so I have to wait t the next bus comes. 15．China became the first country to host the Summer Winter Olympics. 三、语法选择 （一） The brush pen can date back (追溯到) 1 of years to ancient China. It’s said that it was invented by a man named Meng Tian. Meng Tian was a general of the Qin Kingdom. In 223 BC, Meng was leading the army in a fight. He needed 2 the daily situation of the fight to his king. In those days, people could only write on silk 3 a stick pen. It took Meng much time and caused him trouble. So he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day, Meng caught some rabbits in the wild. The rabbits 4 on horseback, and one rabbit’s tail left a trail (痕迹) on the ground when the horse moved on. Suddenly, 5 good idea hit Meng when he saw that. After Meng went back, he planned 6 —tie a rabbit’s tail to a stick and use it to write. However, the rabbit hair was oily (油性的), and did not hold the ink (墨). It couldn’t write. Then Meng 7 his “invention” away into a stone hole. But that didn’t stop 8 from trying. 9 days later, Meng saw his “invention” in that hole again. Surprisingly, it could write well. In fact, the special water in the hole cleaned the oil on the rabbit’s tail and made it much 10 . Meng finally succeeded in inventing the brush pen. 1．A．thousand B．thousand’s C．thousands D．thousands’ 2．A．report B．reporting C．reported D．to report 3．A．with B．in C．on D．by 4．A．carried B．were carried C．are carried D．was carried 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．why would he do B．why he would do C．what would he do D．what he would do 7．A．throw B．throws C．threw D．throwing 8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 9．A．Little B．A little C．Few D．A few 10．A．soft B．softer C．softest D．softly （二） Chinese writer Eileen Chang once said that Chinese people’s travels are like some kind of picnicking. Do you know 1 Chinese people started to go out and have a picnic? Generally, China’s picnics 2 as “the spring outing” or “stepping on the green”. Picnics in China can be dated back to at least the Wei and Jin Dynasties, when people 3 meals by the water to celebrate the Shangsi Festival. It became one of 4 activities among women in the Tang Dynasty. A special picnic for women, often 5 daughters of officials and rich families, would be held. Ladies would wear flowers and enjoy food and drinks. In the Song Dynasty, people would have a 6 holiday for the Qingming Festival, and they would not only pay respect to 7 dead, but also enjoy scenery, food, and drinks on spring trips. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 8 more activities—kite-flying was a favorite. People had more ways 9 food, so people could eat hot food instead of cold food during the trip. Modern picnics in schools are like “outdoor cooking”. Students are taken out and are organized to cook meals by 10 to build character and learn valuable life lessons. Have you ever gone on a picnic with your family or friends? Why not take a short trip, find grassland and enjoy a picnic with them? 1．A．when B．why C．how 2．A．were known B．are known C．have known 3．A．hold B．held C．were holding 4．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 5．A．with B．by C．for 6．A．seven-day B．seventh day C．seven days 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．it was B．there were C．they are 9．A．prepare B．prepared C．to prepare 10．A．them B．themselves C．theirs 四、短文填空 （一） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Asli Samanci is always interested in science. Her job as a food scientist is important. “It has something to do 1 everything,” she told reporters. “Biology, microbiology, and chemistry, all together.” Now Samanci runs a company called Bee & You. It 2 (sell) health products made from propolis (蜂胶). Samanci started her business because of her son. 3 was often in poor health as a young child. A doctor told her 4 (use) propolis to fight illness 5 she decided to work with a beekeeper. They made the product her son needed together. Samanci still works with beekeepers. They keep bees in 6 scientific way. Her beekeeping partners 7 (own) about 50 hives (蜂箱) 10 years ago. Now they are running 300 or 400 hives. “As they develop 8 (rapid), they look after more bees. This means we are growing the number of bees in the world,” she says. “And that’s good for nature.” Samanci runs a 9 (success) company and she loves nature. It is “a win-win business model (模式)”. She advises all businessmen and 10   (scientist) to find the win-win mode. It is good for yourself. It is good for nature. “That’s how life should go on,” she says. （二） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，在空白处填入适当的单词，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。 On April 19, 2025, Beijing Yizhuang held an exciting event: the world’s first half-marathon for humanoid robots (人形机器人半程马拉松)! The race was 21 kilometers 1 . The winner, Tiangong Ultra, ran as fast as 12 km/h! To avoid overheating, it used light and strong materials and special systems to stay cool. Other robots, like Whirlwind Kid 2 Little Giant, also joined the race. Though small, Little Giant impressed everyone by finishing the challenge! For the groups, the race is not just 3 speed. It is also about smart planning. This event was more than a competition. It showed how rapidly humanoid robots have progressed. Engineers explained that such robots could 4 humans in many ways in the future, like working in factories, homes, or even disaster areas. The race got lots of attention as it showed that 5 and humans can team up to build a smarter world. With the help of robots, life will be easier in the future! 【真题链接】 一、单项选择 1．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Four and seven is ________. A．ten B．eleven C．twelve D．thirteen 2．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）David will celebrate his ________ birthday soon. He will reach “the year of erli”. A．thirtieth B．fortieth C．fiftieth 3．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）My old grandfather is in his ________, but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well. A．nineteen B．ninety C．ninetieth D．nineties 4．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）It’s well known that December is the ________ month of a year. A．twelve B．twelfth C．twelveth 5．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—When are you going on holiday? —I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July. A．two B．second C．twice 6．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Every year, tourists from all over the world come to Harbin to celebrate the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ January 5th. A．in B．at C．on 7．（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast. A．in B．of C．at D．on 8．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little brother because he is only 10 months old. A．besides B．except C．beside 9．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025. A．in B．on C．at 10．（2025·北京·中考真题）Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter. A．or B．but C．so D．for 11．（2025·云南·中考真题）Fast food tastes delicious. ________ eating it too often is bad for your health. A．Or B．And C．But D．So 二、语法选择 （一） （2025·青海·中考真题）根据图片提示，结合文中情境，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Many changes have taken place in Ma Li’s home these years. Her grandparents used paper maps for travelling, 1 now they prefer the Navigation Apps (导航软件). They used 2 write letters. Now they make video calls. Her mom bought tickets 3 the station before. Now she books them on the phone. Though times change, some things stay 4 same. Her mom still cooks the recipes (食谱) from her grandma. Her dad still tells the stories 5 children love from her grandpa. Though new tools make life easier, family love never changes. 1．A．so B．because C．but 2．A．to B．by C．for 3．A．off B．at C．with 4．A．a B．the C．an 5．A．who B．where C．that （二） （2025·广东·中考真题）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Lily works as a main cook in a famous restaurant. It was her mom who guided her into the world of cooking. When she was a little girl, Lily spent a lot of time with mom in the kitchen. She remembered that she would always sit there 1 watch mom cooking. She was curious about 2 mom was busy with. When she was older, she 3 to do easy tasks like beating eggs. Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables 4 a small knife. She also learned how to make dumplings of 5 shapes. To a girl of her age, cooking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned more about food and tried cooking 6 dishes than before. After finishing college, she decided 7 in a restaurant. With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create 8 own dishes. So far, she 9 many dishes with special tastes. All these dishes are popular with customers. Today, the kitchen is still a place for Lily and mom to have 10 fun together. Every time before a family dinner party, they will cooperate to plan a menu. Cooking has kept their mother-daughter relationship strong. 1．A．or B．and C．but 2．A．what B．that C．whether 3．A．is allowed B．was allowed C．was allowing 4．A．by B．for C．with 5．A．different B．difference C．differently 6．A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 7．A．work B．working C．to work 8．A．her B．hers C．herself 9．A．invents B．will invent C．has invented 10．A．/ B．a C．the 三、短文填空 （2023·广东深圳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the Chinese saying goes, “Food is the first necessity (必需品) of the people.” Chinese people often greet each other by asking, “Did you eat?” instead 1 “How are you?” Chinese food culture has attracted many foreigners, including Fifa from Madagascar (马达加斯加). On Fifa’s 2 (eleven) birthday, her parents took her to a local Chinese restaurant for dinner. The food there was so 3 (taste) that she asked her parents to take her there more often. Since then, Fifa has developed a deep love for Chinese food. In 2010, Fifa 4 (come) to study in a Chinese university. For her, this was a great chance 5 (discover) more about Chinese food. Over the past years, she has tried many 6 (dish) and drinks from different places in China, such as hot dry noodles in Hubei and morning tea in Guangdong. She has found out 7 makes each area’s cuisine (美食) special. In addition to the mouth-watering food, the cultural traditions behind it have also left 8 deep impression on her. For example, in Guangdong, morning tea is not only about the snacks, 3 also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends. Fifa said that she was 10 (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. For her, it was an eye-opening experience that she would always remember. 1 / 70 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $