专题02 冠词和代词（知识清单）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统梳理了“冠词和代词”核心语法模块，涵盖不定冠词a/an、定冠词the、零冠词的用法及固定搭配，以及人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词等代词知识，构建从基础用法到易错点解析的完整复习框架。 清单以思维导图串联知识体系，通过“用法口诀”“易混点对比表”（如a/an在元音音素前的使用区别）和“固定搭配分类”（定冠词/不定冠词/零冠词搭配）呈现内容，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置“背诵检验”和“真题链接”，助力学生自主检测，为教师提供针对性教学支持，提升复习效率。

专题02 冠词和代词 目录 01 锚·课标要求 1 02 理·思维导图 1 03 盘·知识梳理 2 考点一 冠词 3 考点二 代词 7 04 测·背诵检验 13 冠词： 1.掌握不定冠词a/an的基本用法；常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况及常考的固定搭配 2.掌握定冠词的基本用法和易错点及定冠词常考固定搭配 3.掌握零冠词基本用法和易错点及零冠词常考固定搭配 代词： 1.掌握人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的基本用法 2.掌握不定代词在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语等用法；区分some和any，few，a few，little，a little，other，the other，others，the others，another，all，both，none，either，neither及复合不定代词的用法 3.掌握代词it基本用法，常考it作形式主语或宾语的句型 4.掌握疑问代词who、whose、whom、what、which等用法；指示代词this、these、 that、those等；相互代词：each other,one another等；关系代词引导的定语从句 考点一 冠词 1.不定冠词a/an的用法（a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。 注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素） 用法 示例 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 My mother bought me a book. 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 I went to the shop and bought a watch. 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 A teacher can influence many students. 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” After reading the story, he wants to read a second time. 用于替代弱化的one“一” I have an umbrella. 表示“每一”，相当于every He goes to the shop three times a week. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 He ate with a knife and fork. 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 What a heavy rain it was！ 【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况 易混类别 示例 Aa an actor, an apple, an artist, an amazing singer, an American writer, an astronaut Ee an egg, an eight-year-old girl, an exciting job, an eleven-year-old girl 【易错】a European country i an idea, an interesting story, an important part o an old man, an orange one, an outgoing girl 【易错】a one-month holiday Uu an umbrella, an unusual experience, an unhappy girl, an ugly man 【易错】a UFO, a unit, a university, a useless/useful suggestion, a usual trip 英文字母前 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x （口诀助记：Mr. Li has one fox） 特别记 an honest boy, an hour, an honor, a hero 易混助记： ①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如： An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully. 一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。 ②In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。 ③An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.定冠词the的用法 用法 示例 特指说话双方都知道的人或物 She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit. 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 The train goes faster than the bus. 指上文提过的人或物 There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 用在next， last， same， only等词前 I’m the only child in my family. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is shining brightly. 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 He is the tallest boy in his class. 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River 用在乐器名称前 She likes playing the piano. 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 The young should help the old. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Greens will go boating with us. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States 用在年代前 in the 1980s 【口诀助记】 冠词的用法口诀 名词有两＂冠＂，定冠不定冠，定冠就是the，不定a和an。 先分特泛指，确定大路线。泛指不定无，特指the定冠。 泛指可数单，须用a或an；辅音前用a，an在元音前； 复数不可数，泛指不用冠；前有代词限；冠词不再见。 复数不可数，泛指不用冠；前有代词限；冠词不再见。 3.零冠词的用法 用法 示例 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 Money can’t buy you happiness. 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 have supper；play football；play chess；learn English 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） Children like animals. 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前 （注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 We made him manager of the company. 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 My pen is much more expensive than yours. 与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train， by bus 【口诀助记】零冠词用法口诀 下列情况应免冠，名词之前代词限； 专有名词不可数，学科球棋三餐饭； 复数名词表泛指，星月节日四季前； 颜色语种和国名，习语称呼及头衔。 No.1 定冠词的固定搭配 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 in the end最后，终于 in the daytime在白天 by the way顺便问一下 for the time being暂时 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 in the public eye广为人知的 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在......的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 No.2不定冠词的固定搭配 不定冠词的常用固定搭配 at a loss困惑，不知所措 as a result因此 as a rule通常，照例 as a matter of fact事实上 after a while一会儿后 at a distance离一段距离，从远处 all of a sudden突然 a waste of ... ……的浪费 a matter of ... ……的问题 a collection of一批…… a knowledge of (＝know)知道 an understanding of (＝understand)懂得 a great many许多 at a time每次 as a whole总的来说 after a while一会儿之后 have a good time玩得高兴 have a holiday度假 have a cold患感冒 have/take a rest休息一下 have a gift for有……的天赋 in a hurry匆忙地 in a word总之 on a diet节食 in a moment立刻 in a sense在某种意义上 have a population of有……人口 for a while暂时，一时 go on a diet节食 have a history of有……的历史 get a lift/ride搭便车 make/earn a living谋生 once in a while偶尔 once upon a time从前 make an effort 努力 make an apology道歉 have a good time过得愉快 have a word with...与......交谈 take an interest in...对......感兴趣 No.3零冠词的固定搭配 at risk 有危险 ahead of time 提前 by mistake 错误地，无意地 by chance/accident 碰巧地 catch fire 着火 at last最终 in debt 负债 in place 在恰当的位置 give way to 给……让路 in danger 处于危险之中 take part in 参加 out of control 失控 out of work 失业 face to face 面对面地 on time按时 day and night 夜以继日地 take care of照顾 take office就职 with pleasure高兴地 set fire to放火 do harm to...对......有害 after school放学后 in advance 提前 heart and soul 全心全意地 come into power/effect开始执政/生效 at dawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏 in time及时 take pride in...以......为自豪 for example 例如 from morning till night 从早到晚 under repair 处于维修中 on purpose 故意地 lose heart 灰心 No.4固定搭配中含有零冠词和定冠词意义不同的情况 out of the question不可能 out of question毫无疑问 in future今后 in the future将来 in the front of在......的前面（在参照物里） in front of在......的前面（和参照物不相连） in case of以防，万一 in the case of就某人或某事而言 go to class/hospital/school上课/住院/上学 go to the class/hospital/school到课堂/医院/学校 in bed/church/prison/town睡觉/作礼拜/进监狱 in the bed/church/prison/town在床上/在教堂/在监狱里 take advice征求意见 take the advice听从建议 take place发生 take the place of代替 in place of代替 in the place of在......的地方 by day在白天 by the day按日计算 in sight of看见 in the sight of据......的见解 sit at table吃饭 sit at the table在桌旁 in charge of主管，负责 in the charge of在......的看管之下 in possession of拥有 in the possession of...被......所拥有 考点二 代词 一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 人称代词: 用来代替人或物，有人称、数和格的变化，通常在句子中作主语或宾语。 物主代词：在句子中作定语修饰名词的为形容词性物主代词；在句子中相当于“形容词性物主代词＋n.”的为名词性物主代词反身代词在句中可用作宾语、表语、同位语等。 反身代词: 其所在的句子主语应与该反身代词相对应才可使用，否则使用人称代词。 代词的形式变化表 人称 数 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 口诀巧记易错点 人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫误用。主格动词前作主，动词介词后宾格。 you和it主宾同，其他主宾务分清。人称代词并列现，尊重他人礼让先。 单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。若把错误来承担，第一人称我靠前。 含有反身代词的习惯用语 1. apply oneself to 致力于..... 2. by oneself　 独自地 3. behave oneself 举止良好 4. come to oneself 苏醒过来 5. devote oneself to 专心于 6. dress oneself 自己穿衣；穿着，打扮 7. enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 8. for oneself 亲自 9. help oneself to 随便吃，随便用 10. seat oneself 坐下来 11. say to oneself 心里想 12. teach oneself 自学 13. of oneself 自动地 人称代词的用法： （1）通常主格作主语（在句首，动词前）。 ► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 （2）宾格作宾语（在动词或介词后）或作表语（在be动词后）。 ► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗？（作宾语） ► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门？ —It’s me. 是我。（作表语） （3）人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 ► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。 （4）单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。 ► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。 —Me too. 我也喜欢。 （5）人称代词并列时的排列顺序。 ①人称代词单数并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称，即you, he/she/it and I（若是承担错误责任，第一人称应当先）。 ► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。 ②复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称，即we, you and they。 物主代词的用法： （1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能放在名词前作定语，后面一定要跟一个名词。 my book，your name，their hobbies ①放在被拥有的物体名词前，指明事物的归属者。 ►My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。 ②放在被拥有的事物名词前，表示事物与某人有某种联系。 ►He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。 ③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。 ►She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。 ④放在表示动作的名词之前，指明动作的施行者。 ► not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久 ⑤放在表示动作的名词之前，指明动作的承受者。 ► Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们 ⑥用于头衔 ► Your Majesty（陛下） ► Would Your Highness like a cup of tea? 阁下想要一杯茶吗？ 【注意】 a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的＂人称＂（第一、二、三人称）和＂数＂（单、复数）来确定。 b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物，如 ＂the door＂或＂the door of the room＂比＂its door＂更常见。 c. 表示某物属于某人或某物，或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或＂of +介词短语＂表示。 （2）名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能加名词，可单独使用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于＂形容词性物主代词+名词＂。 ①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同，但属于其他人。 Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。 ②常用于＂of＂引出的介词短语，表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友（表示许多朋友中的一个） 反身代词： 反身代词用法口诀 反身代词莫乱用，能在句中宾、表、同； 主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要记清。 单数反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, itself； 复数反身代词：ourselves, yourselves, themselves。 常见普通不定代词的用法 1.both/neither/either/all/none ★都常与of连用，除none仅作代词外，前四个词既可作代词，又可作限定词修饰名词。 ①both意为“两者都”，修饰或指代复数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ②neither意为“两者都不”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 ③either意为“两者中任何一个”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④all意为“全体，一切”，修饰或指代复数可数名词或不可数名词，指三者或三者以上的所有人或物。作主语时，谓语动词与其后名词的数保持一致。 ⑤none意为“没有一个，全无”，指代人或物，常用搭配none of。既可指代复数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。 2.few/a few/little/a little ①a few/a little意为“少量的，一些”，a few修饰或指代可数名词，a little修饰或指代不可数名词。 ②few/little意为“几乎没有”，few修饰或指代可数名词，little修饰或指代不可数名词。 3.each/every ①each指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，强调个体，可用作形容词或代词。 ②every指三者或三者以上中的“每一个”，强调整体，只可作形容词，不可单独使用。 ③each/every＋名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④each可与of连用，every不可与of连用。 4.some/any ①some和any都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词，表示“一些”。 ②some主要用在肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。但在疑问句中，如希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时，要用some。如： I could not answer any of her questions. 我无法回答她的任何问题。 Do you have any suggestions？ 你有什么建议吗？ Would you like some oranges？ 你想要些橙子吗？ 5.many/much ①两者都意为“许多，大量”。 ②many修饰或指代可数名词；much修饰或指代不可数名词。 6.another/other/the other/others/the others 用法 例句 other 某一个，另一些，其他的。不能单独使用，后面要跟单数名词或复数名词，泛指别的 Where are his other books? 他的另一些书在哪里? others 其他。必须单独使用，泛指别人或别的东西，常用于＂some... others＂结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的，另一些是黑的。 the other 两个中的另一个，剩下的一个。特指，常用于＂one... the other...＂结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐，一个是护士，另一个是老师。 the others 其他全部，其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外，其他都是中国人。 another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个)，可单独用，也可接单数名词或名词复数，表示＂另几个，再几个＂ You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 你能看见另一艘船在海里，不是吗? 复合不定代词 1.初中常见复合不定代词一览表 some- any- no- every- -body somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人） -one someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人） everyone（每人） -thing something（某事） anything（任何事） nothing（没有东西） everything（每件事） 2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 如：Someone is crying in the room. 有人在房间里哭泣。 3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，必须放在其后。如： There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else？ 我们还需要一名帮手。你能帮我们再找个人吗？ 【拓展】 1.常见含复合不定代词的句型： ①There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。 ②...have something/nothing to do with... ……与……有关/无关 ③sb. can do nothing but... 某人什么都不能做，只能…… ④There is nothing to... 没有什么要…… 2.somebody， anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物；nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物。something往往指了不起的东西；nothing指无关紧要的东西。如： He thinks himself somebody， but we think him nobody. 他自以为是重要人物，但我们觉得他什么也不是。 常见的指示代词主要有：this/these/that/those/one/it。 1.this/these/that/those （1）this/these表近指；that/those表远指，也常用于比较结构，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。如： 　These are my sisters and those are my brothers. 这些是我的姐妹；那些是我的兄弟。 　I had a cold yesterday. That is why I didn’t come. 我昨天感冒了。那就是我没来的原因。 　The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Heilongjiang. 上海的天气比黑龙江的天气好。 　The coats in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop. 这家商店的外套比那家商店的外套贵。 （2）在电话用语中，this指代自己，that指代对方。如： 　－Hello！ This is Jim. Who’s that？ 喂，我是吉姆。你是哪位？ 　－Hey， Jim. This is Jack. 嘿，吉姆。我是杰克。 2.it/one/that （1）it指代上文中提到的同一事物，即同类同物。如： 　I have a new bike. My father bought it yesterday. 我有一辆新的自行车。我爸爸昨天买的。 （2）one表泛指，指代上文提到的同类中的任何一个，即同类不同物，相当于a/an＋名词。如： 　I didn’t bring my pens today. Can you lend me one？ 我今天没带钢笔。你能借我一支吗？ （3）that指代上文提到过的那个名词。如： 　The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国的人口比美国的多。 【拓展】it的特殊用法 1.it作形式主语的句型 ①It’s ＋ adj. （＋for sb.） ＋ to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是…… 　It’s important for us to learn Chinese well. 学好汉语对我们很重要。 ②It’s ＋ adj. ＋ of sb. ＋ to do sth. 某人做某事是…… 　It’s nice of you to help me with housework. 你帮我做家务，你真好。 ③It’s ＋adj.＋that从句 　It’s true that she is a great scientist. 她确实是一位伟大的科学家。 ④It’s ＋ n. ＋to do sth. /doing sth./that从句 　It’s a pity that he can’t come to the party. 很遗憾他不能来参加聚会。 ⑤It takes/took （sb.） ＋ 一段时间＋ to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间。 　It took me two hours to finish my homework. 我花了两个小时完成作业。 ⑥It is＋done＋that从句。如： 　It is said that... 据说……；有人说……　It is believed that... 人们认为/相信…… 　It is reported that... 据报道……　It is known that...　众所周知…… 2.it作形式宾语，常用在动词find， think， make， consider， feel等之后。如： 　I find it impossible to lie to her. 我觉得无法对她撒谎。 【考点链接】 一、单项选择 1．We’ll meet outside the Palace Museum on National Day and visit it together. A．the B．/ C．a 2．Folk music has _________ strong local colour. The ticket to the folk concert has _________ special offer today. A．/; / B．/; a C．the ; the D．a; the 3．Tony wants to be ________ actor when he grows up. A．a B．an C．the 4．—Do you have __________ English book? —Here it is. A．a B．an C．the 5．—I plan to go to the movies tonight. Which is the best cinema in town? —________ one near the history museum. It has the best service. A．A B．An C．The 6．—Do you know ________ man beside the black car? Is he the owner of the car? —No, he is a worker from a car-washing station. Don’t you see he is wearing ________ uniform? A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a 7．Miss Brown will take ________ second visit to Beijing, a famous city with ________ long history. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 8．—Mom, I heard you’ll visit a friend who lives near ________ underground library this afternoon. Will you go there by ________ underground? —Yes, it’s fast and convenient. A．a; the B．an; / C．an; the D．a; / 9．—There is ________ X-ray machine in the hall. —Well, it is used to check if people take dangerous things with them. A．a B．an C．the D．不填 10．—Do you play ________ guitar in your free time? —No. I like sports. A．the B．/ C．an D．a 11．I can look after ________, although it won’t be easy for ________. A．myself; me B．mine; me C．myself; my D．mine; my 12．My sister is a great painter. We are all proud of ________. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 13．—With the rise of AI helpers like ChatGPT, many students are using them to help with homework. —Yes, but smart students still try to finish their homework on ________ own. A．theirs B．them C．their 14．He served the swan next to one of ________ dishes. Everyone who saw the swan was amazed. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 15．—How do you and your mother get along so well? —We trust each other and she lets me make decisions __________. A．herself B．ourselves C．myself D．himself 16．—School safety must come first all the time. —I can’t agree with you more. We should learn how to protect __________ at school. A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves 17．Now many school uniforms in China are not very different from ________ in the UK or the USA． A．this B．that C．those D．these 18．—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale? —Not yet. But you can check out ________ similar books over there. A．this B．that C．these D．those 19．—Which do you prefer, milk or juice? —________ of them. I like tea. A．Either B．Both C．Neither 20．Jogging is getting popular. It is good for our health and it almost costs ________. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 二、有括号内所给单词适当形式填空 1．Kunming, the capital of Yunnan, is known for (it) comfortable weather. 2．He finished the work by (he). 3．The students enjoyed (they) during the trip to Turkey. 4．Most people want to change the world, but few want to change . (they) 5．We should learn to solve problems by (our). 6．Huang Xuhua, the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇)”, gave whole life to our country. (he) 7．When you meet difficulties, don’t keep them to , children! (you) 8．Sometimes what others say can make us doubt . (we) 9．Jane and Jack’s father teaches (they) a lot about life. 10．My parents are showing a friend of (they) around our community. 11．China’s CR450 bullet train can travel at a speed of 400 kilometers hour. (one) 12．My parents want to meet (a) old friend of theirs at the party. 三、语法选择 One day, Hermes, the messenger of Zeus (宙斯的信使), who is the ruler of all in Greek mythology (希腊神话), started to wonder how much people loved him. So, he decided to change 1 a human and visit a shop. 2 Hermes walked into the shop, and he was surprised. The walls were full of beautiful statues (雕塑). Hermes felt 3 as he looked at the art all around him. As he looked around, he noticed a statue of Zeus. Hermes asked the shop owner, “How much for that statue?” The shop owner looked up and said, “That will cost you ten dollars.” Hermes smiled, thinking it was a fair price for such 4 important figure (人物). Next, Hermes saw a pretty statue of Hera, Zeus’s wife. Hermes asked, “And how much for the statue of Hera?” The shop owner said an even 5 price. Hermes thought, “Well, that makes sense. She is a queen, after all!” Then, Hermes’s eyes fell on a statue of 6 . He felt proud because he believed his statue would be valuable, 7 . After all, he was the one 8 brought messages for Zeus and all the others. Feeling excited, he asked, “How much is this statue of Hermes? ” To his surprise, the shop owner replied with a smile, “If you buy those two, I 9 you this one for free!” This story may teach a good 10 to those who are vain (自负的) like Hermes. 1．A．from B．at C．into 2．A．When B．Though C．Until 3．A．excite B．exciting C．excited 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．high B．higher C．highest 6．A．he B．her C．himself 7．A．also B．too C．either 8．A．who B．whom C．which 9．A．gave B．was given C．will give 10．A．lesson B．lessons C．lesson’s 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 China’s Zhao Xintong became the first Asian player to win the World Snooker Championship (斯诺克世锦赛) after beating the experienced Mark Williams 18-12 on Monday. “I can’t believe it. It’s 1 a dream,” said Zhao. He had faced a 20-month suspension (停赛) from playing because of rulebreaking. But he 2 (successful) got into the championship by winning four qualifications (资格赛) as an amateur (业余选手). During the championship, Zhao, aged 28, was in excellent shape. He led 11-6 on Sunday and improved 3 (he) advantage to 17-8 on Monday. Although Williams, who is 50, tried to stage a comeback by 4 (win) four sets at the start of the final part, Zhao gained victory in the 30th set with a great score of 87. Zhao 5 (begin) his journey on April 7. Through a series of nine 6 (match), he won 111 sets, which led him to the title of world champion. “What a strong player he 7 (be),” said Williams. “I’ve got nothing 8 admiration for what he has done.” Zhao will start the next season as the world No.11, while there are nine more Chinese 9 (player) in the world’s top 32. This achievement highlights the growing strength of Chinese players in the world of snooker. Ding Junhui, another well-known Chinese player, was 10 first Asian to reach the final of the World Championship in 2016. 【真题链接】 一、单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—We have worked very hard over the past three years, but ________ of us did it alone. —Yes, you’re supposed to be thankful to those who helped and supported you. A．none B．all C．nobody 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Namucuo Lake attracts (吸引) visitors by ________ colors. A．its B．they C．it’s D．they’re 3．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）But I can’t promise you ________. You’ll have to try it yourself. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 4．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Paper-cutting is my favorite. ________ is more interesting than it. A．Something B．Anything C．Nothing D．Everything 5．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）Boys, whose jacket is this? Somebody left ________ jacket in the dining room. A．my B．your C．his D．her 6．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）—What a pity! I left my computer at home. —Don’t worry. I brought ________ with me. We can share. A．one B．it C．this 7．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）—Molly, I left my dictionary at home. Do you have ________? —Yes. Here you are. A．it B．this C．that D．one 8．（2025·北京·中考真题）My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs. A．I B．He C．You D．She 9．（2025·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Sally, we should include ________ of our members in the group activity. —Yes, nobody should be left out. A．all B．some C．few D．none 10．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）I am really tired after the basketball game. ________ is better than a good rest. A．Everything B．Something C．Nothing 11．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 12．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—The math problem was difficult. Did you ask your teacher for help or search for it on the Internet? —________. I worked it out by myself. A．Either B．Neither C．Both 13．（2025·福建·中考真题）My parents love our hometown so much that ________ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside. A．all B．both C．either 14．（2025·福建·中考真题）—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days. —Please send my best wishes to ________. A．her B．she C．herself 15．（2025·天津·中考真题）________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________. A．I; she B．I; her C．My; she D．My; her 16．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive. A．its B．our C．their D．your 17．（2025·西藏·中考真题）DeepSeek is ________ new AI tool. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 18．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Have you seen ________ film Ne Zha 2 yet? —Of course. I’ve never seen a more interesting film than this one before. A．a B．an C．the 19．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you like ________ movie Nezha 2? —I think it is ________ exciting movie. A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an 20．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There was ________ one-meter-tall robot welcoming me when I went into the bank. A．an B．a C．the 21．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How time flies! Junior high school days are over. —Yes, I will miss ________ 3-year happy school life. A．a B．an C．the 22．（2025·天津·中考真题）Mary usually rides ________ bike to school. Sometimes she also goes by ________ bus. A．a; 不填 B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; a 23．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Look at the photo of my family! ________ man in a white T-shirt is my father. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 24．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Karm, what are you doing? —I’m reading an article. ________ article is about Dazhou. A．A B．An. C．The 25．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）I volunteered as ________ guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend. A．an B．the C．a 二、语法选择 （2025·广东广州·中考真题）It was a warm morning when I ran to the sea. I dropped my things 1 the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back. I swam to a rock. I climbed onto it and 2 my head to face the rising sun. 3 a fire in me that burned for the deep blue. It was 4 only place where I felt truly free. I jumped back and 5 went deeper, with my eyes open. Among a group of fish and 6 sea animals, I noticed a big shell. I took it and swam to the surface. I put 7 on the rock and swam back in. This time I went even deeper, 8 I wasn’t afraid. It was beautiful. And then I saw 9 moving towards me. It was a shark! I had never seen such a big one in the wild. I 10 by fear. All I’d learned about sharks rushed into my head. I knew I 11 slowly back away, but my curiosity (好奇心) got the best of me. I swam 12 to it, and when it was about five feet away, I got to know it was simply a Caribbean reef shark. They aren’t dangerous, so I decided 13 it quietly. Then it slowly swam away. Now, more than ever, I understand 14 I love the sea—it 15 full of unknown danger, yet beautiful. 1．A．in B．on C．from D．off 2．A．lift B．lifts C．lifted D．lifting 3．A．There was B．There were C．There is D．There are 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．quick B．quicker C．quickness D．quickly 6．A．other B．others C．another D．the others 7．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 8．A．or B．but C．so D．if 9．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 10．A．catch B．caught C．am caught D．was caught 11．A．would B．could C．might D．should 12．A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest 13．A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched 14．A．whether B．when C．what D．why 15．A．was B．is C．has been D．will be 三、短文填空 （2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Though health is important, plenty of teenagers have serious health problems. Take my friend Lucy as an example. She always 1 (eat) too much junk food last year, and she had a bad stomachache. This forces me to think about what causes such problems and how to develop healthy living habits. In our daily life, we teenagers have so many health problems 2 we often make wrong choices. For example, many teenagers choose to spend too much time watching TV or playing phone games instead of sparing time to exercise or take 3 walk with friends, so they are facing lots of serious health problems. This makes it necessary to change their unhealthy lifestyle. 4 (keep) healthy, we should spend less time on screens and more time exercising. Activities like running, swimming, and playing ball games can help keep our bodies in good shape. Also, it is important to keep good 5 (society) relationships. Spending time with friends and 6 (communicate) with teachers can be good for our mental (心理的) health. Friends can bring happiness and 7 (laugh), while teachers can offer valuable advice and support. What’s more, a balanced diet (均衡的饮食) and enough sleep are also the key to keeping healthy. All in all, we should make choices 8 (wise). Good health comes from good habits. 9 an important thing it is to have good living habits! As for me, I’ll choose to live healthily and make 10 (I) life better. I’ll eat healthily and exercise for half an hour every day from now on! 1 / 70 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 冠词和代词 目录 01 锚·课标要求 1 02 理·思维导图 1 03 盘·知识梳理 2 考点一 冠词 3 考点二 代词 7 04 测·背诵检验 13 冠词： 1.掌握不定冠词a/an的基本用法；常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况及常考的固定搭配 2.掌握定冠词的基本用法和易错点及定冠词常考固定搭配 3.掌握零冠词基本用法和易错点及零冠词常考固定搭配 代词： 1.掌握人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的基本用法 2.掌握不定代词在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语等用法；区分some和any，few，a few，little，a little，other，the other，others，the others，another，all，both，none，either，neither及复合不定代词的用法 3.掌握代词it基本用法，常考it作形式主语或宾语的句型 4.掌握疑问代词who、whose、whom、what、which等用法；指示代词this、these、 that、those等；相互代词：each other,one another等；关系代词引导的定语从句 考点一 冠词 1.不定冠词a/an的用法（a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。 注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素） 用法 示例 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 My mother bought me a book. 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 I went to the shop and bought a watch. 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 A teacher can influence many students. 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” After reading the story, he wants to read a second time. 用于替代弱化的one“一” I have an umbrella. 表示“每一”，相当于every He goes to the shop three times a week. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 He ate with a knife and fork. 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 What a heavy rain it was！ 【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况 易混类别 示例 Aa an actor, an apple, an artist, an amazing singer, an American writer, an astronaut Ee an egg, an eight-year-old girl, an exciting job, an eleven-year-old girl 【易错】a European country i an idea, an interesting story, an important part o an old man, an orange one, an outgoing girl 【易错】a one-month holiday Uu an umbrella, an unusual experience, an unhappy girl, an ugly man 【易错】a UFO, a unit, a university, a useless/useful suggestion, a usual trip 英文字母前 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x （口诀助记：Mr. Li has one fox） 特别记 an honest boy, an hour, an honor, a hero 易混助记： ①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如： An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully. 一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。 ②In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。 ③An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.定冠词the的用法 用法 示例 特指说话双方都知道的人或物 She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit. 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 The train goes faster than the bus. 指上文提过的人或物 There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 用在next， last， same， only等词前 I’m the only child in my family. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is shining brightly. 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 He is the tallest boy in his class. 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River 用在乐器名称前 She likes playing the piano. 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 The young should help the old. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Greens will go boating with us. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States 用在年代前 in the 1980s 【口诀助记】 冠词的用法口诀 名词有两＂冠＂，定冠不定冠，定冠就是the，不定a和an。 先分特泛指，确定大路线。泛指不定无，特指the定冠。 泛指可数单，须用a或an；辅音前用a，an在元音前； 复数不可数，泛指不用冠；前有代词限；冠词不再见。 复数不可数，泛指不用冠；前有代词限；冠词不再见。 3.零冠词的用法 用法 示例 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 Money can’t buy you happiness. 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 have supper；play football；play chess；learn English 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） Children like animals. 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前 （注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 We made him manager of the company. 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 My pen is much more expensive than yours. 与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train， by bus 【口诀助记】零冠词用法口诀 下列情况应免冠，名词之前代词限； 专有名词不可数，学科球棋三餐饭； 复数名词表泛指，星月节日四季前； 颜色语种和国名，习语称呼及头衔。 No.1 定冠词的固定搭配 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 in the end最后，终于 in the daytime在白天 by the way顺便问一下 for the time being暂时 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 in the public eye广为人知的 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在......的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 No.2不定冠词的固定搭配 不定冠词的常用固定搭配 at a loss困惑，不知所措 as a result因此 as a rule通常，照例 as a matter of fact事实上 after a while一会儿后 at a distance离一段距离，从远处 all of a sudden突然 a waste of ... ……的浪费 a matter of ... ……的问题 a collection of一批…… a knowledge of (＝know)知道 an understanding of (＝understand)懂得 a great many许多 at a time每次 as a whole总的来说 after a while一会儿之后 have a good time玩得高兴 have a holiday度假 have a cold患感冒 have/take a rest休息一下 have a gift for有……的天赋 in a hurry匆忙地 in a word总之 on a diet节食 in a moment立刻 in a sense在某种意义上 have a population of有……人口 for a while暂时，一时 go on a diet节食 have a history of有……的历史 get a lift/ride搭便车 make/earn a living谋生 once in a while偶尔 once upon a time从前 make an effort 努力 make an apology道歉 have a good time过得愉快 have a word with...与......交谈 take an interest in...对......感兴趣 No.3零冠词的固定搭配 at risk 有危险 ahead of time 提前 by mistake 错误地，无意地 by chance/accident 碰巧地 catch fire 着火 at last最终 in debt 负债 in place 在恰当的位置 give way to 给……让路 in danger 处于危险之中 take part in 参加 out of control 失控 out of work 失业 face to face 面对面地 on time按时 day and night 夜以继日地 take care of照顾 take office就职 with pleasure高兴地 set fire to放火 do harm to...对......有害 after school放学后 in advance 提前 heart and soul 全心全意地 come into power/effect开始执政/生效 at dawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏 in time及时 take pride in...以......为自豪 for example 例如 from morning till night 从早到晚 under repair 处于维修中 on purpose 故意地 lose heart 灰心 No.4固定搭配中含有零冠词和定冠词意义不同的情况 out of the question不可能 out of question毫无疑问 in future今后 in the future将来 in the front of在......的前面（在参照物里） in front of在......的前面（和参照物不相连） in case of以防，万一 in the case of就某人或某事而言 go to class/hospital/school上课/住院/上学 go to the class/hospital/school到课堂/医院/学校 in bed/church/prison/town睡觉/作礼拜/进监狱 in the bed/church/prison/town在床上/在教堂/在监狱里 take advice征求意见 take the advice听从建议 take place发生 take the place of代替 in place of代替 in the place of在......的地方 by day在白天 by the day按日计算 in sight of看见 in the sight of据......的见解 sit at table吃饭 sit at the table在桌旁 in charge of主管，负责 in the charge of在......的看管之下 in possession of拥有 in the possession of...被......所拥有 考点二 代词 一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 人称代词: 用来代替人或物，有人称、数和格的变化，通常在句子中作主语或宾语。 物主代词：在句子中作定语修饰名词的为形容词性物主代词；在句子中相当于“形容词性物主代词＋n.”的为名词性物主代词反身代词在句中可用作宾语、表语、同位语等。 反身代词: 其所在的句子主语应与该反身代词相对应才可使用，否则使用人称代词。 代词的形式变化表 人称 数 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 口诀巧记易错点 人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫误用。主格动词前作主，动词介词后宾格。 you和it主宾同，其他主宾务分清。人称代词并列现，尊重他人礼让先。 单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。若把错误来承担，第一人称我靠前。 含有反身代词的习惯用语 1. apply oneself to 致力于..... 2. by oneself　 独自地 3. behave oneself 举止良好 4. come to oneself 苏醒过来 5. devote oneself to 专心于 6. dress oneself 自己穿衣；穿着，打扮 7. enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 8. for oneself 亲自 9. help oneself to 随便吃，随便用 10. seat oneself 坐下来 11. say to oneself 心里想 12. teach oneself 自学 13. of oneself 自动地 人称代词的用法： （1）通常主格作主语（在句首，动词前）。 ► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 （2）宾格作宾语（在动词或介词后）或作表语（在be动词后）。 ► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗？（作宾语） ► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门？ —It’s me. 是我。（作表语） （3）人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 ► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。 （4）单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。 ► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。 —Me too. 我也喜欢。 （5）人称代词并列时的排列顺序。 ①人称代词单数并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称，即you, he/she/it and I（若是承担错误责任，第一人称应当先）。 ► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。 ②复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称，即we, you and they。 物主代词的用法： （1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能放在名词前作定语，后面一定要跟一个名词。 my book，your name，their hobbies ①放在被拥有的物体名词前，指明事物的归属者。 ►My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。 ②放在被拥有的事物名词前，表示事物与某人有某种联系。 ►He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。 ③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。 ►She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。 ④放在表示动作的名词之前，指明动作的施行者。 ► not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久 ⑤放在表示动作的名词之前，指明动作的承受者。 ► Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们 ⑥用于头衔 ► Your Majesty（陛下） ► Would Your Highness like a cup of tea? 阁下想要一杯茶吗？ 【注意】 a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的＂人称＂（第一、二、三人称）和＂数＂（单、复数）来确定。 b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物，如 ＂the door＂或＂the door of the room＂比＂its door＂更常见。 c. 表示某物属于某人或某物，或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或＂of +介词短语＂表示。 （2）名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能加名词，可单独使用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于＂形容词性物主代词+名词＂。 ①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同，但属于其他人。 Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。 ②常用于＂of＂引出的介词短语，表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友（表示许多朋友中的一个） 反身代词： 反身代词用法口诀 反身代词莫乱用，能在句中宾、表、同； 主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要记清。 单数反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, itself； 复数反身代词：ourselves, yourselves, themselves。 常见普通不定代词的用法 1.both/neither/either/all/none ★都常与of连用，除none仅作代词外，前四个词既可作代词，又可作限定词修饰名词。 ①both意为“两者都”，修饰或指代复数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ②neither意为“两者都不”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 ③either意为“两者中任何一个”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④all意为“全体，一切”，修饰或指代复数可数名词或不可数名词，指三者或三者以上的所有人或物。作主语时，谓语动词与其后名词的数保持一致。 ⑤none意为“没有一个，全无”，指代人或物，常用搭配none of。既可指代复数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。 2.few/a few/little/a little ①a few/a little意为“少量的，一些”，a few修饰或指代可数名词，a little修饰或指代不可数名词。 ②few/little意为“几乎没有”，few修饰或指代可数名词，little修饰或指代不可数名词。 3.each/every ①each指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，强调个体，可用作形容词或代词。 ②every指三者或三者以上中的“每一个”，强调整体，只可作形容词，不可单独使用。 ③each/every＋名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④each可与of连用，every不可与of连用。 4.some/any ①some和any都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词，表示“一些”。 ②some主要用在肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。但在疑问句中，如希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时，要用some。如： I could not answer any of her questions. 我无法回答她的任何问题。 Do you have any suggestions？ 你有什么建议吗？ Would you like some oranges？ 你想要些橙子吗？ 5.many/much ①两者都意为“许多，大量”。 ②many修饰或指代可数名词；much修饰或指代不可数名词。 6.another/other/the other/others/the others 用法 例句 other 某一个，另一些，其他的。不能单独使用，后面要跟单数名词或复数名词，泛指别的 Where are his other books? 他的另一些书在哪里? others 其他。必须单独使用，泛指别人或别的东西，常用于＂some... others＂结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的，另一些是黑的。 the other 两个中的另一个，剩下的一个。特指，常用于＂one... the other...＂结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐，一个是护士，另一个是老师。 the others 其他全部，其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外，其他都是中国人。 another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个)，可单独用，也可接单数名词或名词复数，表示＂另几个，再几个＂ You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 你能看见另一艘船在海里，不是吗? 复合不定代词 1.初中常见复合不定代词一览表 some- any- no- every- -body somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人） -one someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人） everyone（每人） -thing something（某事） anything（任何事） nothing（没有东西） everything（每件事） 2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 如：Someone is crying in the room. 有人在房间里哭泣。 3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，必须放在其后。如： There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else？ 我们还需要一名帮手。你能帮我们再找个人吗？ 【拓展】 1.常见含复合不定代词的句型： ①There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。 ②...have something/nothing to do with... ……与……有关/无关 ③sb. can do nothing but... 某人什么都不能做，只能…… ④There is nothing to... 没有什么要…… 2.somebody， anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物；nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物。something往往指了不起的东西；nothing指无关紧要的东西。如： He thinks himself somebody， but we think him nobody. 他自以为是重要人物，但我们觉得他什么也不是。 常见的指示代词主要有：this/these/that/those/one/it。 1.this/these/that/those （1）this/these表近指；that/those表远指，也常用于比较结构，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。如： 　These are my sisters and those are my brothers. 这些是我的姐妹；那些是我的兄弟。 　I had a cold yesterday. That is why I didn’t come. 我昨天感冒了。那就是我没来的原因。 　The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Heilongjiang. 上海的天气比黑龙江的天气好。 　The coats in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop. 这家商店的外套比那家商店的外套贵。 （2）在电话用语中，this指代自己，that指代对方。如： 　－Hello！ This is Jim. Who’s that？ 喂，我是吉姆。你是哪位？ 　－Hey， Jim. This is Jack. 嘿，吉姆。我是杰克。 2.it/one/that （1）it指代上文中提到的同一事物，即同类同物。如： 　I have a new bike. My father bought it yesterday. 我有一辆新的自行车。我爸爸昨天买的。 （2）one表泛指，指代上文提到的同类中的任何一个，即同类不同物，相当于a/an＋名词。如： 　I didn’t bring my pens today. Can you lend me one？ 我今天没带钢笔。你能借我一支吗？ （3）that指代上文提到过的那个名词。如： 　The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国的人口比美国的多。 【拓展】it的特殊用法 1.it作形式主语的句型 ①It’s ＋ adj. （＋for sb.） ＋ to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是…… 　It’s important for us to learn Chinese well. 学好汉语对我们很重要。 ②It’s ＋ adj. ＋ of sb. ＋ to do sth. 某人做某事是…… 　It’s nice of you to help me with housework. 你帮我做家务，你真好。 ③It’s ＋adj.＋that从句 　It’s true that she is a great scientist. 她确实是一位伟大的科学家。 ④It’s ＋ n. ＋to do sth. /doing sth./that从句 　It’s a pity that he can’t come to the party. 很遗憾他不能来参加聚会。 ⑤It takes/took （sb.） ＋ 一段时间＋ to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间。 　It took me two hours to finish my homework. 我花了两个小时完成作业。 ⑥It is＋done＋that从句。如： 　It is said that... 据说……；有人说……　It is believed that... 人们认为/相信…… 　It is reported that... 据报道……　It is known that...　众所周知…… 2.it作形式宾语，常用在动词find， think， make， consider， feel等之后。如： 　I find it impossible to lie to her. 我觉得无法对她撒谎。 【考点链接】 一、单项选择 1．We’ll meet outside the Palace Museum on National Day and visit it together. A．the B．/ C．a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们将在故宫博物院外见面，在国庆节那天，并一起参观它。考查冠词用法。节日如“National Day”属于专有名词，其前应使用零冠词，故选B。 2．Folk music has _________ strong local colour. The ticket to the folk concert has _________ special offer today. A．/; / B．/; a C．the ; the D．a; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：民间音乐有浓郁的地方色彩。民间音乐会的门票今天有一个特别优惠。考查冠词用法。a“一个”，表示泛指，用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词之前；an“一个”，表示泛指，用于发音以元音音素开头的单词之前；the“那个”，表示特指。第一空，“local colour” (地方色彩) 为抽象名词，表示一般概念时，使用零冠词；第二空，“special offer” (特别优惠) 为可数名词单数，表示泛指“一个”，需用不定冠词“a”。故选B。 3．Tony wants to be ________ actor when he grows up. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tony长大后想成为一名演员。考查冠词辨析。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的词前；the这个/那个，定冠词。根据单词“actor”以元音音素开头，发音为/æ/，表示泛指“一个演员”时，需使用an。故选B。 4．—Do you have __________ English book? —Here it is. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你有一本英语书吗？——在这里。考查冠词辨析。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个。根据“English”的发音可知，English以元音音素/ɪ/开头，此处泛指“一本书”，应该用不定冠词an。故选B。 5．—I plan to go to the movies tonight. Which is the best cinema in town? —________ one near the history museum. It has the best service. A．A B．An C．The 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我计划今晚去看电影。镇上最好的电影院是哪一个？——历史博物馆附近的那一个。它有最好的服务。考查冠词辨析。A一个，表泛指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；An一个，表泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；The这/那个，定冠词，表示特指。根据“near the history museum”可知，此处特指是历史博物馆附近的电影院，应用定冠词“the”，表示特指的已知事物。故选C。 6．—Do you know ________ man beside the black car? Is he the owner of the car? —No, he is a worker from a car-washing station. Don’t you see he is wearing ________ uniform? A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识那辆黑色汽车旁边的男士吗？他是这辆车的车主吗？——不，他是洗车店的工人。你没看到他穿着工作服吗？ 考查冠词的用法。“man beside the black car”是特指“黑色汽车旁的男士”，要用定冠词the；“uniform”是可数名词单数，且发音以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a。故选C。 7．Miss Brown will take ________ second visit to Beijing, a famous city with ________ long history. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：布朗小姐将再次访问北京，这座有着悠久历史的著名城市。考查冠词辨析。the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指。根据“take…second visit”可知，此处a+序数词表示“又一、再一”，需用a；根据“with…long history”可知，have a long history表示“有悠久历史”，也需用a。故选C。 8．—Mom, I heard you’ll visit a friend who lives near ________ underground library this afternoon. Will you go there by ________ underground? —Yes, it’s fast and convenient. A．a; the B．an; / C．an; the D．a; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我听说你今天下午要去拜访一位住在地铁图书馆附近的朋友。你会坐地铁去那里吗？——是的，地铁又快又方便。 考查冠词用法。a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。根据“underground”可知，其以元音音素/ʌ/开头，故用“an”；根据“by...underground”可知，表示交通方式用“by+交通工具”。故选B。 9．—There is ________ X-ray machine in the hall. —Well, it is used to check if people take dangerous things with them. A．a B．an C．the D．不填 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——大厅里有一台X光机。——嗯，它是用来检查人们是否随身携带危险物品。 考查冠词。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这/那，表特指。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指“一台X光机”，应用不定冠词，且X-ray以元音音素开头，所以用an。故选B。 10．—Do you play ________ guitar in your free time? —No. I like sports. A．the B．/ C．an D．a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你业余时间弹吉他吗？——不，我喜欢运动。考查冠词的用法。根据“play...guitar”可知，本句表示“弹吉他”，乐器前要用定冠词the。故选A。 11．I can look after ________, although it won’t be easy for ________. A．myself; me B．mine; me C．myself; my D．mine; my 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我能照顾自己，尽管这对我来说并不容易。 考查代词辨析。myself我自己，反身代词；me我，宾格形式；mine我的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词。根据“I can look after...although it won’t be easy for...”可知，第一个空表示“照顾我自己”，需要用反身代词“myself”；第二个空“for”是介词，后面接人称代词的宾格形式“me”，表示“对我来说”。故选A。 12．My sister is a great painter. We are all proud of ________. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐是一位伟大的画家。我们都为她感到骄傲。 考查代词用法。she她，主格；her她，宾格/形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据介词“of”可知，此处需用宾格代词作宾语，表示“为她感到骄傲”。故选B。 13．—With the rise of AI helpers like ChatGPT, many students are using them to help with homework. —Yes, but smart students still try to finish their homework on ________ own. A．theirs B．them C．their 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——随着像ChatGPT这样的AI助手的兴起，许多学生用它们来帮助做作业。——是的，但聪明的学生仍然尽量靠自己完成他们的作业。考查代词辨析。theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；them他们，人称代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。on one’s own“独立地”，此处one’s为形容词性物主代词，故选C。 14．He served the swan next to one of ________ dishes. Everyone who saw the swan was amazed. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他把天鹅作为一道菜呈上，摆在他的一道菜品旁。看到这只天鹅的众人都十分惊奇。 考查形容词性物主代词。he他（主格，作主语）；him他（宾格，作宾语）；his他的（形容词性物主代词，修饰名词）；himself他自己（反身代词）。dishes是名词，需用形容词性物主代词his修饰，表明所属关系。故选C。 15．—How do you and your mother get along so well? —We trust each other and she lets me make decisions __________. A．herself B．ourselves C．myself D．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你和你妈妈怎么相处得这么好？——我们互相信任，她让我自己做决定。 考查反身代词的用法。herself她自己；ourselves我们自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。根据“she lets me make decisions…”可知，此处反身代词需与动作承受者“me”保持一致，表示决策由“我自己”完成。故选C。 16．—School safety must come first all the time. —I can’t agree with you more. We should learn how to protect __________ at school. A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——校园安全必须始终放在首位。——我完全同意。我们应该学会在学校保护自己。考查反身代词的用法。themselves他们自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据主语“We”可知，此处用反身代词ourselves。故选C。 17．Now many school uniforms in China are not very different from ________ in the UK or the USA． A．this B．that C．those D．these 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在中国的许多校服与英国或美国的校服并没有太大的不同。考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；those那些；these这些。分析句子可知，空处指代前文复数名词“school uniforms”，排除A项和B项；美国或英国相对于中国来说，应该属于远处，所以填those，排除D项。故选C。 18．—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale? —Not yet. But you can check out ________ similar books over there. A．this B．that C．these D．those 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你们有这本在售的书吗？——还没有。但你可以去那边看看那些类似的书。考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。根据“check out…similar books over there”可知，此处指“那些书”，应用those修饰books，表示远指。故选D。 19．—Which do you prefer, milk or juice? —________ of them. I like tea. A．Either B．Both C．Neither 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你更喜欢牛奶还是果汁？——两个我都不喜欢。我喜欢茶。考查代词辨析。Either两者中的任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不。根据“I like tea.”可知，说话者喜欢茶，意味着不喜欢牛奶或果汁中的任何一个，因此需用neither表示否定两者。故选C。 20．Jogging is getting popular. It is good for our health and it almost costs ________. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：慢跑越来越受欢迎。它对我们的健康有益，而且几乎不花费任何钱。考查代词辨析。something某事；nothing没有什么；anything任何事；everything一切。根据“Jogging”及常识可知，慢跑成本低，几乎不需要花钱，cost nothing“不花钱”，故选B。 二、有括号内所给单词适当形式填空 1．Kunming, the capital of Yunnan, is known for (it) comfortable weather. 【答案】its 【详解】句意：云南省会昆明以其舒适的天气而闻名。空格后的“comfortable weather”是名词短语，所以空格处应填it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”，用于修饰名词短语。故填its。 2．He finished the work by (he). 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：他独自完成了这项工作。此处指“独自完成”，by oneself“独自”，此处用反身代词himself。故填himself。 3．The students enjoyed (they) during the trip to Turkey. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：学生们在土耳其旅行期间非常开心。根据“enjoy…”可知此处应用“they”的反身代词themselves“他们自己”，enjoy oneself“玩得开心”。故填themselves。 4．Most people want to change the world, but few want to change . (they) 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：大多数人都想改变世界，但很少有人想改变自己。根据“but few want to change”可知，动作的发出者和承受者是同一对象，此处需用反身代词作宾语，they“他们”，人称代词主格，其反身代词形式为themselves。故填themselves。 5．We should learn to solve problems by (our). 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们应该学会自己解决问题。根据“We should learn to solve problems by...”以及备选词汇our可知，此处考查反身代词的用法，by oneself 表示“独自；靠自己”，our对应的反身代词是ourselves。因此应将our变为ourselves。故填ourselves。 6．Huang Xuhua, the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇)”, gave whole life to our country. (he) 【答案】his 【详解】句意：黄旭华——中国核潜艇之父，把一生都奉献给了我们的国家。whole life为名词，前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，he的形容词性物主代词形式为his。故填his。 7．When you meet difficulties, don’t keep them to , children! (you) 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，当你们遇到困难时，不要独自承担！keep...to oneself“独自承担”，根据“children”可知，此处指“你们自己”，用反身代词yourselves。故填yourselves。 8．Sometimes what others say can make us doubt . (we) 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：有时别人的话会让我们怀疑自己。根据句子结构，“doubt”后接宾语，指“我们自己”，应使用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 9．Jane and Jack’s father teaches (they) a lot about life. 【答案】them 【详解】句意：简和杰克的父亲教给他们很多关于生活的知识。根据“Jane and Jack’s father teaches…(they) a lot about life.”可知，此处位于动词teaches后，应用动词they的宾格形式them表示“他们”。故填them。 10．My parents are showing a friend of (they) around our community. 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意：我父母正在带他们的一个朋友参观我们的社区。根据“showing a friend of”可知，此处带“父母的朋友”，需要双重所有格，此处用名词性物主代词，故填theirs。 11．China’s CR450 bullet train can travel at a speed of 400 kilometers hour. (one) 【答案】an 【详解】句意：中国的CR450高铁时速可达每小时400公里。根据“at a speed of 400 kilometers... hour.”可知，空处表示“每小时400公里”，an“每个”，kilometers an hour意为“每小时多少千米”。故填an。 12．My parents want to meet (a) old friend of theirs at the party. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：我父母想在聚会上见见他们的一位老朋友。old“老的，旧的”发音为/əʊld/，以元音音素开头，前面的不定冠词用an。故填an。 三、语法选择 One day, Hermes, the messenger of Zeus (宙斯的信使), who is the ruler of all in Greek mythology (希腊神话), started to wonder how much people loved him. So, he decided to change 1 a human and visit a shop. 2 Hermes walked into the shop, and he was surprised. The walls were full of beautiful statues (雕塑). Hermes felt 3 as he looked at the art all around him. As he looked around, he noticed a statue of Zeus. Hermes asked the shop owner, “How much for that statue?” The shop owner looked up and said, “That will cost you ten dollars.” Hermes smiled, thinking it was a fair price for such 4 important figure (人物). Next, Hermes saw a pretty statue of Hera, Zeus’s wife. Hermes asked, “And how much for the statue of Hera?” The shop owner said an even 5 price. Hermes thought, “Well, that makes sense. She is a queen, after all!” Then, Hermes’s eyes fell on a statue of 6 . He felt proud because he believed his statue would be valuable, 7 . After all, he was the one 8 brought messages for Zeus and all the others. Feeling excited, he asked, “How much is this statue of Hermes? ” To his surprise, the shop owner replied with a smile, “If you buy those two, I 9 you this one for free!” This story may teach a good 10 to those who are vain (自负的) like Hermes. 1．A．from B．at C．into 2．A．When B．Though C．Until 3．A．excite B．exciting C．excited 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．high B．higher C．highest 6．A．he B．her C．himself 7．A．also B．too C．either 8．A．who B．whom C．which 9．A．gave B．was given C．will give 10．A．lesson B．lessons C．lesson’s 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了宙斯的信使赫耳墨斯因为虚荣，乔装成凡人去一家雕像店打探自己受人爱戴的程度，结果却发现自己的雕像一文不值，只是购买宙斯和赫拉雕像的赠品，从而得到了一个深刻的教训。 1．句意：于是，他决定变成凡人，去一家店铺逛逛。 from来自；at在；into进入。根据“decided to change…a human”可知，赫耳墨斯为了打探实情，决定变成凡人的模样。change into意为“变成”，符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：当赫尔墨斯走进店铺时，他吃了一惊。 When当……时候；Though虽然；Until直到。根据“…Hermes walked into the shop, and he was surprised”可知，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“走进商店”是“感到惊讶”发生的时间背景。故选A。 3．句意：看着四周这些艺术品，赫尔墨斯感到很兴奋。 excite使兴奋；exciting令人兴奋的，常修饰物；excited感到兴奋的，常修饰人。根据“Hermes felt…”可知，主语Hermes是指人，felt是系动词，后接形容词excited修饰人，表示“感到兴奋的”。故选C。 4．句意：赫尔墨斯笑了，觉得对于这么重要的一位人物来说，这个价格很合理。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指。根据“such…important figure (人物)”可知，important以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an表示泛指。故选B。 5．句意：店主说的价格更高。 high高的；higher更高的；highest最高的。根据“The shop owner said an even…price”可知，even修饰比较级，且根据语境，赫拉作为天后，其雕像价格比之前提到的宙斯雕像要高。故选B。 6．句意：随后，赫尔墨斯的目光落在了一尊自己的雕像上。 he他，主格；her她，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“Hermes’s eyes fell on a statue of…”可知，主语是Hermes，宾语也是指赫耳墨斯自己，主语和宾语指代同一对象时，宾语应用反身代词。故选C。 7．句意：他感到很骄傲，因为他觉得自己的雕像也会很值钱。 also也，常用于句中；too也，常用于肯定句句末；either也，常用于否定句句末。根据“he believed his statue would be valuable…”可知，句子是肯定句，且空格位于句末，应用too表示“也”。故选B。 8．句意：毕竟，他是那个为宙斯和其他众神传递消息的信使啊。 who谁，指人，作主语；whom谁，指人，作宾语；which哪一个，指物。根据“he was the one…brought messages”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词the one指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故选A。 9．句意：令他惊讶的是，店主笑着回答：“如果你买那两尊雕像，这一尊雕像我免费送给你！” gave给，一般过去时；was given给，一般过去时的被动语态；will give给，一般将来时。根据“If you buy those two, I…you this one for free!”可知，这是一个由If引导的真实条件句，从句是一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时。故选C。 10．句意：这个故事或许能给像赫尔墨斯这样自负的人一个很好的教训。 lesson教训；lessons教训，名词复数；lesson’s教训的，名词所有格。根据“teach a good…”可知，不定冠词a修饰单数名词，teach sb. a lesson是固定搭配，意为“给某人一个教训”。故选A。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 China’s Zhao Xintong became the first Asian player to win the World Snooker Championship (斯诺克世锦赛) after beating the experienced Mark Williams 18-12 on Monday. “I can’t believe it. It’s 1 a dream,” said Zhao. He had faced a 20-month suspension (停赛) from playing because of rulebreaking. But he 2 (successful) got into the championship by winning four qualifications (资格赛) as an amateur (业余选手). During the championship, Zhao, aged 28, was in excellent shape. He led 11-6 on Sunday and improved 3 (he) advantage to 17-8 on Monday. Although Williams, who is 50, tried to stage a comeback by 4 (win) four sets at the start of the final part, Zhao gained victory in the 30th set with a great score of 87. Zhao 5 (begin) his journey on April 7. Through a series of nine 6 (match), he won 111 sets, which led him to the title of world champion. “What a strong player he 7 (be),” said Williams. “I’ve got nothing 8 admiration for what he has done.” Zhao will start the next season as the world No.11, while there are nine more Chinese 9 (player) in the world’s top 32. This achievement highlights the growing strength of Chinese players in the world of snooker. Ding Junhui, another well-known Chinese player, was 10 first Asian to reach the final of the World Championship in 2016. 【答案】 1．like 2．successfully 3．his 4．winning 5．began 6．matches 7．is 8．but 9．players 10．the 【导语】本文讲述了中国选手赵心童打败了威廉姆斯，成为第一位赢得世界斯诺克锦标赛的亚洲球员。 1．句意：它就像一场梦。根据“I can’t believe it.”可知，此句是说它就像一场梦。like“象”，介词。故填like。 2．句意：但他以业余选手的身份赢得了四项资格，成功进入了锦标赛。此处应用形容词successful的副词修饰谓语动词“got into”，意为“成功地”。故填successfully。 3．句意：周日他以11比6领先，周一将优势扩大到17比8。根据“improved...advantage”可知，此句是说将他的优势扩大，应用人称代词he的形容词性物主代词his，意为“他的”。故填his。 4．句意：虽然50岁的威廉姆斯在决赛一开始就以4局的优势试图逆转，但赵心童在第30局以87分的高分取得了胜利。句中“by”为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，by doing sth.“通过做某事”。故填winning。 5．句意：赵于4月7日开始了他的旅程。根据“on April 7”可知，此句用一般过去时。故填began。 6．句意：在连续9场比赛中，他赢得了111局，这使他获得了世界冠军的头衔。根据“Through a series of nine ”可知，此句是说在连续9场比赛中，match此处作名词，意为“比赛”，此处用其复数形式。故填matches。 7．句意：“他是一个多么强大的球员啊，”威廉姆斯说。此句为一般现在时，主语“he”为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 8．句意：我对他所做的一切只有钦佩。根据“admiration for what he has done”可知，此句是说对他所做的事只有钦佩，nothing but“只有，仅仅”。故填but。 9．句意：下个赛季，赵将以世界排名第11位的身份开始比赛，而世界排名前32位的中国选手还有9名。根据“nine more Chinese”可知，此句是说还有9名选手。player“选手”，可数名词，根据句意可知，此处用复数形式。故填players。 10．句意：另一位知名中国选手丁俊晖是2016年第一个进入世锦赛决赛的亚洲选手。句中“first”为序数词，与定冠词the连用。故填the。 【真题链接】 一、单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—We have worked very hard over the past three years, but ________ of us did it alone. —Yes, you’re supposed to be thankful to those who helped and supported you. A．none B．all C．nobody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们在过去的三年里非常努力，但我们中没有一个人是独自完成的。——是的，你应该感谢那些帮助和支持你的人。考查代词辨析。none没有一个人；all全部；nobody没有人，通常不用于of us结构。根据“We have worked very hard over the past three years, but ... of us did it alone.”可知，前半句肯定努力，但转折后强调无人独自完成，需用否定代词。故选A。 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Namucuo Lake attracts (吸引) visitors by ________ colors. A．its B．they C．it’s D．they’re 【答案】A 【详解】句意：纳木措湖以其色彩吸引着游客。考查代词辨析。its它的；they它们；it’s它是；they’re它们是。根据“…by…colors”可知，此处指的是纳木措湖的颜色，所以应用its，作定语修饰colors。故选A。 3．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）But I can’t promise you ________. You’ll have to try it yourself. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：但我不能向你承诺任何事。你得自己试试。 考查不定代词辨析。something某事、某物；anything任何事、任何物；everything每件事；nothing没有什么。根据“can’t”及“You’ll have to try it yourself.”可知，此处应用anything，符合否定句中用anything的语法规则，且语义上表示“不能保证任何事”。故选B。 4．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Paper-cutting is my favorite. ________ is more interesting than it. A．Something B．Anything C．Nothing D．Everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：剪纸是我的最爱。没有什么比它更有趣了。 考查代词辨析。Something某事；Anything任何事；Nothing无事；Everything一切。根据“Paper-cutting is my favorite. ... is more interesting than it.”可知，没有什么比剪纸更有趣了。故选C。 5．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）Boys, whose jacket is this? Somebody left ________ jacket in the dining room. A．my B．your C．his D．her 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们，这是谁的夹克衫？有人把他的夹克衫落在餐厅了。 考查形容词性物主代词。my我的；your你的，你们的；his他的；her她的。根据“somebody”可知，在英语中，当指代性别不明确的单数不定代词时，常用his作为中性代词。故选C。 6．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）—What a pity! I left my computer at home. —Don’t worry. I brought ________ with me. We can share. A．one B．it C．this 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——太可惜了！我把电脑忘在家里了。——别担心。我带了一个。我们可以共用。 考查代词辨析。one一个；it它；this这个。根据“I brought...with me”可知此处指带了一台电脑，同类不同物，用代词one。故选A。 7．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）—Molly, I left my dictionary at home. Do you have ________? —Yes. Here you are. A．it B．this C．that D．one 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——莫莉，我把字典忘在家里了。你有一本吗？——是的。给你。 考查代词辨析。it它，指同类同物；this这个；that那个；one一个，指同类不同物。根据“I left my dictionary at home. Do you have”可知此处询问对方是否有一本字典，指同类不同物，用one。故选D。 8．（2025·北京·中考真题）My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs. A．I B．He C．You D．She 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妹妹擅长唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌曲。 考查代词辨析。I我；He他；You你；She她。根据“My sister is good at singing.”可知，此处指“我”妹妹会唱法语歌曲，指第三人称，且为女性，故用代词She指代。故选D。 9．（2025·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Sally, we should include ________ of our members in the group activity. —Yes, nobody should be left out. A．all B．some C．few D．none 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——萨莉，我们应该让所有成员都参加小组活动。——是的，任何人都不应该被排除在外。 考查代词辨析。all全都；some一些；few几乎没有；none全都不。根据“nobody should be left out”可知任何人都不应该被排除在外，所以应该让所有成员都参加小组活动。故选A。 10．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）I am really tired after the basketball game. ________ is better than a good rest. A．Everything B．Something C．Nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：打完篮球后我真是累坏了。没有什么比好好休息更好的了。 考查代词辨析。Everything每件事；Something某事；Nothing没有什么。根据“I am really tired after the basketball game. ... is better than a good rest.”可知，打完篮球很累，所以没有什么比好好休息更好的了。故选C。 11．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管陈超现在工作很忙，但他仍然坚持自学英语。考查代词辨析。he他；his他的；himself他自己。此处主语和宾语是同一人，用反身代词，teach oneself“自学”。故选C。 12．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—The math problem was difficult. Did you ask your teacher for help or search for it on the Internet? —________. I worked it out by myself. A．Either B．Neither C．Both 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这道数学题很难。你是向老师寻求帮助还是在网上搜索？——都不是。我自己算出来的。考查代词辨析。either两者之一；neither两者都不；both两者都。根据“Did you ask your teacher for help or search for it on the Internet?”以及“I worked it out by myself.”可知是自己算出来的，既不是向老师求助，也不是在网上查的，表示“两者都不”，用neither。故选B。 13．（2025·福建·中考真题）My parents love our hometown so much that ________ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside. A．all B．both C．either 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的父母非常热爱我们的家乡，因此他们俩都回去帮忙建设新的乡村了。 考查代词辨析。all三者及以上都；both两者都；either两者之一。根据“My parents love our hometown so much that ... of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.”可知，此处指父母二人，故选B。 14．（2025·福建·中考真题）—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days. —Please send my best wishes to ________. A．her B．she C．herself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我将在两天后去见陈小姐。——请代我向她致以最美好的祝福。 考查代词辨析。her她，宾格/她的，物主代词；she她，主格；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“Please send my best wishes to”可知，请代我向她致以最美好的祝福，此处在介词后作宾语，用宾格，故选A。 15．（2025·天津·中考真题）________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________. A．I; she B．I; her C．My; she D．My; her 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的姐姐是学校女子网球队的一员。我为她感到骄傲。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格；My我的，形容词性物主代词。第一处作定语修饰“sister”，用形容词性物主代词My，排除AB。she她，主格；her她，宾格。第二处在介词of后，用宾格her。故选D。 16．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive. A．its B．our C．their D．your 【答案】C 【详解】句意：红松鼠依靠它们厚实的冬季皮毛和在秋季储存的食物来生存。 考查形容词性物主代词。its它的；our我们的；their它们的；your你的，你们的。根据“Red squirrels depend on...thicker winter fur”可知，此处指“红松鼠的……”，squirrels是复数，应用their。故选C。 17．（2025·西藏·中考真题）DeepSeek is ________ new AI tool. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：DeepSeek是一种新的AI工具。考查冠词辨析。/零冠词；a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。根据“new AI tool”可知，此处泛指一种新的AI工具，且new是辅音音素开头的单词，用a表示泛指，故选B。 18．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Have you seen ________ film Ne Zha 2 yet? —Of course. I’ve never seen a more interesting film than this one before. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《哪吒2》了吗？——当然。我以前从未看过比这部更有趣的电影。   考查冠词用法。a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。这里“film Ne Zha 2”是特指这部特定的电影，所以要用定冠词“the”来修饰。故选C。 19．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you like ________ movie Nezha 2? —I think it is ________ exciting movie. A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得《哪吒2》这部电影怎么样？——我认为这是一部令人兴奋的电影。 考查冠词。第一空是特指《哪吒2》这部电影，用定冠词the；第二空是泛指一部令人兴奋的电影，exciting以元音音素开头，应用an。故选C。 20．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There was ________ one-meter-tall robot welcoming me when I went into the bank. A．an B．a C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我走进银行时，有一个一米高的机器人在欢迎我。考查冠词。此处泛指“一个一米高的机器人”，one以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。 21．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How time flies! Junior high school days are over. —Yes, I will miss ________ 3-year happy school life. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——时间过得真快！初中时代结束了。——是的，我会怀念三年快乐的学校生活。 考查冠词。根据“3-year happy school life.”可知此处特指这三年的学校生活，用定冠词the。故选C。 22．（2025·天津·中考真题）Mary usually rides ________ bike to school. Sometimes she also goes by ________ bus. A．a; 不填 B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽通常骑自行车上学，有时她也乘公交车。 考查冠词。ride a bike“骑自行车”，故第一空填a，表示骑一辆自行车，泛指她的交通工具；by bus“乘坐公交车”，故第二空不填，此处by bus是固定搭配，表示交通方式时不用冠词。故选A。 23．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Look at the photo of my family! ________ man in a white T-shirt is my father. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看我的全家福！穿白色T恤的那个男人是我的父亲。 考查冠词。根据“in a white T-shirt”可知，此处是特指穿白色T恤的那个男人，应用定冠词the。故选C。 24．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Karm, what are you doing? —I’m reading an article. ________ article is about Dazhou. A．A B．An. C．The 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Karm，你正在做什么？——我正在读一篇文章。这篇文章是关于达州的。 考查冠词。A一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；An一，后接以元音音素开头的单词；The这，定冠词。根据“I’m reading an article”可知，前文已经提到了这篇文章，故后句特指前文提到的同一篇文章，需用定冠词the表示特指。故选C。 25．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）I volunteered as ________ guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend. A．an B．the C．a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末，我自愿在成都博物馆当导游。 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个导游”，guide以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选C。 二、语法选择 （2025·广东广州·中考真题）It was a warm morning when I ran to the sea. I dropped my things 1 the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back. I swam to a rock. I climbed onto it and 2 my head to face the rising sun. 3 a fire in me that burned for the deep blue. It was 4 only place where I felt truly free. I jumped back and 5 went deeper, with my eyes open. Among a group of fish and 6 sea animals, I noticed a big shell. I took it and swam to the surface. I put 7 on the rock and swam back in. This time I went even deeper, 8 I wasn’t afraid. It was beautiful. And then I saw 9 moving towards me. It was a shark! I had never seen such a big one in the wild. I 10 by fear. All I’d learned about sharks rushed into my head. I knew I 11 slowly back away, but my curiosity (好奇心) got the best of me. I swam 12 to it, and when it was about five feet away, I got to know it was simply a Caribbean reef shark. They aren’t dangerous, so I decided 13 it quietly. Then it slowly swam away. Now, more than ever, I understand 14 I love the sea—it 15 full of unknown danger, yet beautiful. 1．A．in B．on C．from D．off 2．A．lift B．lifts C．lifted D．lifting 3．A．There was B．There were C．There is D．There are 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．quick B．quicker C．quickness D．quickly 6．A．other B．others C．another D．the others 7．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 8．A．or B．but C．so D．if 9．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 10．A．catch B．caught C．am caught D．was caught 11．A．would B．could C．might D．should 12．A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest 13．A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched 14．A．whether B．when C．what D．why 15．A．was B．is C．has been D．will be 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者在温暖的早晨奔向大海，在海中畅游、探索，遭遇鲨鱼后克服恐惧，最终更深刻地理解自己热爱大海的原因的故事。 1．句意：我把东西扔在海滩上，然后跳了进去。 in在里面；on在上面；from来自；off离开。根据“I dropped my things...the beach”可知，此处表示把东西扔在海滩上，on the beach“在海滩上”。故选B。 2．句意：我爬到上面，抬起头面对升起的太阳。 lift举起，动词原形；lifts第三人称单数形式；lifted过去式；lifting现在分词。根据“I climbed onto it and...my head to face the rising sun.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，and连接并列的谓语动词，所以空处用lift的过去式lifted。故选C。 3．句意：我心中有一团为深蓝色而燃烧的火焰。 There was有，一般过去时，后接单数名词或不可数名词；There were有，一般过去时，后接复数名词；There is有，一般现在时，后接单数名词或不可数名词；There are有，一般现在时，后接复数名词。根据“a fire in me”可知，此处用there be句型的一般过去时，且fire为单数名词，所以空处用There was。故选A。 4．句意：这是唯一一个让我感到真正自由的地方。 a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指；/不填。根据“only place”可知，此处表示特指，用定冠词the。故选C。 5．句意：我跳回去，迅速游向更深的地方，眼睛睁着。 quick快的，形容词；quicker更快的，形容词比较级；quickness迅速，名词；quickly迅速地，副词。根据“went deeper”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，所以空处用quickly。故选D。 6．句意：在一群鱼和其他海洋动物中，我注意到一个大贝壳。 other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他的，相当于“other+复数名词”；another另一个，表泛指，后接单数名词；the others其余的，表示在一个范围内的其他全部。根据“sea animals”可知，此处表示其他的海洋动物，用other修饰名词复数。故选A。 7．句意：我把它放在岩石上，然后游回水里。 it它，人称代词主格或宾格；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词；it’s它是，it is的缩写。根据“I took it and swam to the surface.”以及“I put...on the rock”可知，此处指把贝壳放在岩石上，用it指代上文的shell，作put的宾语。故选A。 8．句意：这次我游得更深了，但我不害怕。 or或者；but但是；so所以；if如果。根据“This time I went even deeper...I wasn’t afraid.”可知，前后句为转折关系，用but连接。故选B。 9．句意：然后我看到有东西朝我游来。 something某物，用于肯定句；anything任何东西，用于否定句或疑问句；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据“moving towards me”可知，此处表示看到有东西朝我游来，句子为肯定句，用something。故选A。 10．句意：我被恐惧笼罩。 catch抓住，动词原形；caught抓住，过去式；am caught被抓住，一般现在时的被动语态；was caught被抓住，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“I...by fear.”可知，此处表示被恐惧笼罩，用被动语态，且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 11．句意：我知道我应该慢慢地游回去，但我的好奇心战胜了我。 would将会；could能够；might可能；should应该。根据“All I’d learned about sharks rushed into my head.”以及“slowly back away”可知，此处表示知道应该慢慢地游回去。故选D。 12．句意：我游得更近了，当它离我大约五英尺远时，我知道它只是一只加勒比礁鲨。 close近，形容词；closer更近，形容词比较级；closest最近，形容词最高级；the closest最近，形容词最高级前加the。根据“to it”可知，此处用close的比较级closer修饰动词swam，表示游得更近了。故选B。 13．句意：它们并不危险，所以我决定静静地观察它。 watch观看，动词原形；watching现在分词；to watch动词不定式；watched过去式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式to watch。故选C。 14．句意：现在，我比以往任何时候都更明白我为什么爱大海。 whether是否；when什么时候；what什么；why为什么。根据“I understand...I love the sea”以及“it...full of unknown danger, yet beautiful.”可知，此处表示明白为什么爱大海。故选D。 15．句意：它充满了未知的危险，但却很美丽。 was是，一般过去时；is是，一般现在时；has been已经是，现在完成时；will be将是，一般将来时。根据“Now, more than ever”以及“it...full of unknown danger, yet beautiful.”可知，此处描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语为it，be动词用is。故选B。 三、短文填空 （2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Though health is important, plenty of teenagers have serious health problems. Take my friend Lucy as an example. She always 1 (eat) too much junk food last year, and she had a bad stomachache. This forces me to think about what causes such problems and how to develop healthy living habits. In our daily life, we teenagers have so many health problems 2 we often make wrong choices. For example, many teenagers choose to spend too much time watching TV or playing phone games instead of sparing time to exercise or take 3 walk with friends, so they are facing lots of serious health problems. This makes it necessary to change their unhealthy lifestyle. 4 (keep) healthy, we should spend less time on screens and more time exercising. Activities like running, swimming, and playing ball games can help keep our bodies in good shape. Also, it is important to keep good 5 (society) relationships. Spending time with friends and 6 (communicate) with teachers can be good for our mental (心理的) health. Friends can bring happiness and 7 (laugh), while teachers can offer valuable advice and support. What’s more, a balanced diet (均衡的饮食) and enough sleep are also the key to keeping healthy. All in all, we should make choices 8 (wise). Good health comes from good habits. 9 an important thing it is to have good living habits! As for me, I’ll choose to live healthily and make 10 (I) life better. I’ll eat healthily and exercise for half an hour every day from now on! 【答案】 1．ate 2．because/as 3．a 4．To keep 5．social 6．communicating 7．laughter 8．wisely 9．What 10．my 【导语】本文分析了青少年健康问题的原因，并提出培养健康生活习惯的具体建议。 1．句意：以我的朋友露西为例，她去年总是吃太多的垃圾食品，她的胃疼得很厉害。根据“last year”可知用一般过去时ate。故填ate。 2．句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们青少年有很多健康问题，因为我们经常做出错误的选择。句子前果后因，需要表示原因的连词because/as“因为”。故填because/as。 3．句意：例如，许多青少年选择花太多时间看电视或玩手机游戏，而不是抽出时间锻炼或与朋友散步，所以他们面临着许多严重的健康问题。take a walk“散步”为固定搭配。故填a。 4．句意：为了保持健康，我们应该少看屏幕，多做运动。“保持健康”是少看屏幕多运动的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。 5．句意：此外，保持良好的社会关系也很重要。修饰名词relationships用形容词social“社会的”。故填social。 6．句意：花时间和朋友在一起，和老师交流对我们的心理健康有好处。and连接并列动名词，communicating“交流”与spending并列。故填communicating。 7．句意：朋友可以带来快乐和笑声，而老师可以提供宝贵的建议和支持。and连接并列名词，laughter“欢笑”与happiness并列。故填laughter。 8．句意：总之，我们应该明智地做出选择。修饰动词make用副词wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 9．句意：拥有良好生活习惯是多么重要的一件事啊！根据“... an important thing it is to have good living habits!”可知此处用感叹句结构：What + an + adj. + n. + 主谓！故填What。 10．句意：至于我，我会选择健康地生活，让我的生活更美好。名词life前需用形容词性物主代词my“我的”。故填my。 1 / 70 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $