Unit 4 Plan for Yourself(知识清单)英语新教材鲁教版五四学制七年级下册

2026-01-08
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语鲁教版(五四学制)七年级下册
年级 七年级
章节 Unit 4 Plan for Yourself
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 228 KB
发布时间 2026-01-08
更新时间 2026-01-08
作者 青&忆
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2026-01-08
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来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语Unit 4知识清单系统整合了“Plan for Yourself”主题下的词汇、句型、语法及写作内容,涵盖50个核心单词、46个短语、30个功能句型、2大语法点及写作指导,搭建从基础词汇积累到语法规则应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现(词汇分单词短语、语法分结构用法)和易混点辨析(如achieve/realize/come true对比表)构建知识体系,标注“三星重点”句型(如be going to结构)并附中考真题链接,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设计“写作高分技巧”模块,提供连接词(Firstly/Finally)和时间状语(every day)使用示例,不同基础学生可高效掌握,教师能借助清单精准备课,学生自主学习时可系统复习提升学习能力。

内容正文:

Unit 4 Plan for Yourself 1、 单元词汇 单词 1._______ pron. (pl. yourselves )你自己;您自己 2._____________ n.工程师;技师 3._____________ n.时装业;时尚 4._____________ n. 设计师 5._____________ n.导演;主任;董事 6._____________ n. 音乐家;乐师 7._____________ n.(pl. firemen )消防队员 8.___________ (= artificial intelligence )人工智能 9._____________ n.小品文;文章 10.____________ n. 经典作品;名著adj.最优秀的;古典的 11._____________ 确保;保证 12._____________ 尽最大努力 13._____________ n.文学;文献 14._____________ n.运动员 15._____________ n.摄影师;拍照者 16._____________ n.画家;油漆匠 17.________________ n.商界人士;企业家 18.________________ n.女演员 19.________________ n.律师 20.________________ n.法律;法规 21.________________ n.洗澡;浴缸 22.________________ v.想念;错过 23.________________ 对……感到厌倦 24.________________ adj.能够;有才能的 25.________________ v.(stuck )粘贴;将……刺入n.枝条;棍 26.________________ n. 决定;决议 27.________________ n. 小目标 28._____________ v.(经过努力)达到;完成 29.________________ adj.身体的;物质的 30.________________ n. 健康 31.________________ adv.健康地 32.________________ n.照相术;摄影 33.________________ n.自我改进;自我提高 34.________________ adj.自信的;肯定的 35.________________ (=organised) adj.有条理的;有组织的 36.________________ adv.聪明地;明智地 37.________________ adj.可能的;合理的 38.________________ n.段;段落 39.________________ v.介绍;引见;引进 40.________________ n.意义;含义 41.________________ v.未能(做到);失败 42.________________ adv.提前;在前面 43.________________ 扑灭;把…摆好 44.____________ v. 设计;计划n.设计;花纹 45.________________ n.桥 46.______________ adj.最后的;最终的n.决赛 47.________________ n. 信心;信任 48.________________ v.(使)形成;组成n.类型;形式 49.________________ n.关系;联系 50.________________ adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的 短语 1. ________________ 理想工作 2.________________ 未来计划 3. ________________ 写下新年决心 4.________________ 探索提升自己的方法 5.________________ 做一个计划 6. ________________ 时尚设计师 7.________________ 电影导演 8.________________ 努力学习数学 9.________________ 上美术课 10. ____________________________ 每天锻炼绘画技术 11.________________ 长大 12. ________________ 实现某人的梦想 13.________________ 计划做某事 14.________________ 擅长做某事 15. ____________________________ 继续写故事和散文 16.____________________________ 确保你在学校尽最大努力 17.____________________ 做你想做的任何事 18. ____________________________ 让他们的梦想成真 19.________________________ 在大学学法律 20. ____________________对城市生活感到厌倦 21._________________________ 洗热水澡 22. _______________________ 住在乡下 23._______________________ 上表演课 24._______________________ 搭出租车 25._______________________ 打羽毛球 26._______________________ 能够做某事 27._______________________ 坚持计划 28._______________________ 决定开始一个新的学习计划 29._______________________实现自己的决定 30.______________________ 改善生活 31.______________________ 身体健康 32.______________________ 承诺做某事 33._______________________ 未能做某事 34._______________________ 鼓励某人做某事 35._______________________ 可能做某事 36. _______________________抽出时间做某事 37._______________________ 忘记…… 38._______________________ 使某人想起…… 39. _______________________ 基于…… 40._______________________ 就……给出建议 41._______________________为某人设计某物 42._______________________ 灭火 43. ___________________在戏剧或电影中表演 44._____________________ 培养一种爱好 45.______________________发现某人在做某事 46._______________________ 养成好习惯 句型 1.When do we make plans?我们什么时候制定计划? 2.I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。 3.I'm going to take art lessons.我打算上美术课。 4.I'm going to practise my drawing skills every day.我要每天练习我的绘画技巧。 5.I'm going to read more books about IT and AI.我打算多读一些关于信息技术和人工智能的书。 6.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么? ---He wants to be ...他想成为…… 7.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想? ---He is going to ...他打算…… 8.What are you reading, Fu Xing?付兴,你在读什么? 9.It's a book of essays by a famous Chinese writer.是一本中国著名作家的散文集。 10.I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays. 我打算多读经典作品。而且,我还要继续写故事和散文。 11.My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that. 我父母想让我当医生,但我不太确定。 12.Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want. 只要确保你在学校尽力而为,那么你就能做任何你想做的事。 13.I'm going to take a hot bath.我打算洗个热水澡。 14.They are going to live in the countryside.他们打算住在乡下。 15.She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。 16.They are tired of city life.他们厌倦了城市生活。 17.Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。 18.For example, a student may decide to start a new study plan. 例如,学生可能会决定开始一个新的学习计划。 19.Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution.尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 20.After all, the start of the year is often a perfect time for making resolutions. 毕竟,年初通常是下定决心的绝佳时机。 21.A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如,有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。 22.People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. 人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好,比如绘画或摄影。 23.Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common: people hardly ever keep them!尽管各有不同,但大多数决心有一个共同点:人们很少能坚持下来! 24.Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。 25.Don't set a goal that is too difficult or too much for you. 不要设定一个对你来说太困难或负担过重的目标。 26.As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year.随着一年接近尾声,此时正是思考我们在即将到来的新一年中想要做出哪些改变的绝佳时机。 27.We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others.我们可以通过学习新事物、养成好习惯、在某个方面更加努力,甚至改善与他人的关系来提升我们的生活。 28.The first one is about taking up a new hobby.第一个是关于培养一项新爱好。 29.I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person. 我相信我会成为一个更健康、更快乐的人。 30.Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend.最后但同样重要的是,我的英语不够好,所以我打算每个周末多学习两个小时。 语法 (1)含be going to的一般将来时 (2)动词不定式 写作 写自己的计划及如何实现 二、知识点精讲 知识点1: be going to"计划, 打算" [教材原句]I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。 be going to表示将要发生的动作,含有"计划, 打算"的意思, 后跟动词原形,其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致,常跟表将来的时间连用。 He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。 【知识拓展】 come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词,常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 Miss Yang is coming tonight. 杨老师今晚要来。 I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。 知识点2: grow up "长大;成熟;成长" [教材原句] 2.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么? ---He wants to be ...他想成为…… grow up 意为"长大;成熟;成长" 是动词短语,相当于不及物动词,其后不跟宾语。 What does John want to be when he grows up? 当约翰长大了,他想成为什么? (2)grow 的用法如下: v. 种植;使生长,为及物动词。 v. 生长;发育;长大,为不及物动词。 v. 变得,作连系动词,后面跟形容词。 She grows roses in the greenhouse. 她在温室里栽培玫瑰花。 The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。 He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。 up的相关短语: get up 起床 pick up 采摘 give up放弃 dress up 装扮 (2)when是连词,意为"当……的时候",引导时间状语从句。when作连词时,如果主句是过去时,从句也要用过去时;如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时,即"主将从现"。 I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。 I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。 知识点3:realize [教材原句]3.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想? ---He is going to ...他打算…… Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution.尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 辨析achieve, realize与come true 词汇 意义及用法 例句 achieve 意为“(通过努力)达到;完成;实现”,其主语一般为人。 Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。 realize 意为“实现;将……变为现实”,主语为人,后常接愿望、梦想等。也可表示“理解;意识到”。 We try to help all students realize their dreams. 我们试图帮助所有的学生实现梦想。 come true 意为“实现”,其主语一般为希望、愿望等,且不能用于被动语态。 After years of hard work, his dream came true at last. 多年的努力之后,他的梦想最终实现了。 知识点4: keep on doing [教材原句]I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays. 我打算多读经典作品。而且,我还要继续写故事和散文。 keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后"继续做同一件事",后可接表动态的词,如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而"坚持"做某事。 They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨,他们还是继续在田里干活。 【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing keep on doing 表示动作的反复 This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water. 这位老人不断地给我们送热水。 keep doing 表示动作或状态的持续 He kept standing there for an hour without moving. 他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。 【知识拓展】 (1)keep sb(sth) doing sth让某人(物) 不断做某事 The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。 (2)keep sb/sthfrom doing sth表示 "阻止某人/物做某事"。 Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心!防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。 知识点5:be sure about [教材原句]My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that. 我父母想让我当医生,但我不太确定。 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断,主语必须是人。 I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。 I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。 【知识拓展】 (1)be sure to do sth.务必做某事;确信做某事。 I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。 (2)be sure+that 从句,表示"肯定;确信",许多时候可与"be sure to do sth."替换。 I’m sure that I can run much faster.=I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。 考点6: make sure 确保,查明 [教材原句]Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want. 只要确保你在学校尽力而为,那么你就能做任何你想做的事。 常用于祈使句中,后面常接that(可省略)引导的宾语从句(从句不使用将来时)或of+名词(词组)/代词,意为"确保"。 Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。 They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了。 【知识拓展】 make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事 make sure of sth 查明某事,弄清某事 考点7:take [教材原句]She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。 take ... lessons 意为"上……课"。take后接动词的-ing形式。take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。 I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。 take的用法 意义 常见结构/短语/例句 拿,取 take sth./sb. to sp. 带某物/某人到某地 take away拿走,带走 take off脱下(衣物);突然离开;(飞机)起飞 花费时间 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多少时间 吃,喝,服用 The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. 医生让我一天吃三次药。 乘(车、船等) take a/the bus乘坐公共汽车 选中;买下;租用 I’ll take the white jacket. 我要那件白色夹克衫。 接受,采纳 take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议 做……事情,与名词连用 take a rest/break 休息一下  take a risk 冒险  take a walk 散步 学习(课程),参加(考试) I'm taking a French course this semester. (这学期我在修一门法语课。) When did you take your driving test? (你什么时候参加的驾照考试?) 拍照,记录 He took a lot of pictures during the trip. (他在旅途中拍了很多照片。) The secretary takes the minutes of the meeting. (秘书做会议记录。) 【拓展】辨析take, bring, carry与get 词汇 意义及用法 例句 take (→) “带走,拿走”,把某物或某人从说话处带到别处。 Shall I take a gift to my host family? 我要不要给主人家带件礼物呢? bring (←) “带来,拿来”,把某物或某人从别处带到说话处。 Next time I’ll bring a book. 下次我会带本书来。 carry (↑) “携带,扛,搬运”,不强调方向,但有负重感。 Let me carry your case for you. 我来帮你提箱子吧。 get (⇌) “去取来,去拿来”,强调往返的动作。 She has gone to get some milk. 她去取了一些牛奶。 考点8:have to do with关于;与……有关系 [教材原句]Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。 have to do with关于;与……有关系。这个句型表示与某事、某人有牵连,有关系,有瓜葛。 What does this have to do with me? 这跟我有什么关系? I had nothing to do with the murder. I was at home all night. 我跟那谋杀一点关系都没有。我整晚都在家。 【知识拓展】 have nothing to do with 与……没关系 My brother has nothing to do with the fight. 我弟弟和打架没关系。 考点9:take up"学着做;开始做;从事" [教材原句]People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. 人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好,比如绘画或摄影。 take up指"学着做;开始做;从事"。后面可接名词或动名词。 He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English. 他开始学习英语之前已经学一年半日语了。 He took up football when he was 6 years old. 他六岁时就开始学踢足球了。 The young girl wants to take up teaching English to little kids. 这个年轻的姑娘想开始从事幼儿英语教学。 【知识拓展】  take up还有"占用时间或空间"之意。 Learning English takes up a lot of my time. 学英语占了我许多时间。 That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。 考点10:promise n. 承诺;诺言  v. 许诺; 承诺;保证 [教材原句] A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如,有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。 make a promise/promises 允诺 keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言,信守承诺 break a /one’s promise违背诺言 promise to do sth答应做某事 promise sbto do sth答应某人做某事 promise sb sth答应某人某事 If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了,你就要遵守你的诺言。 My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。 You must promise me to be early tomorrow morning. 你必须答应我明天早上早点。 考点11:too…to…是"太……以致不能……" [教材原句]Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。 too…to…是"太……以致不能……",to是不定式符号,后接动词原形,该句式虽没有否定词not/no,但表达否定意义,若逻辑主语是动作的执行者,则需用 for 引出。 English is too difficult for me to read. 对我来说英语太难了。 【知识拓展】  (1) too…to…可转化为复合句 so…that…句型,此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。 The problem is too difficult for me to work out. =The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. (2) too…to…还可转化为"not+形容词/副词+enough to do",其中形容词/副词是句型too…to…中形容词/副词的反义词。 His son is too young to go to school.= His son is not old enough to go to school. 考点12:as [教材原句]As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year. 随着一年接近尾声,此时正是思考我们在即将到来的新一年中想要做出哪些改变的绝佳时机。 as的用法 (1) 作介词,意为“作为,当作;像,如同”。 如:She works as a teacher. 她的职业是教师。 (2)作连词: ①“当……时;随着”。 如: She became happy as she talked about her friends. 她一谈到朋友们就高兴起来了。 ②“由于,因为”。 如:As you were out, I left a message. 因为你不在,所以我留了一张字条。 ③“正如;如同”。 如:As you know, Julia is leaving soon. 你是知道的,朱莉娅马上要离开了。 ④“照……方式”。 如:They did as I had asked. 他们是按照我的要求做的。 (3)作副词,意为“像……一样;如同”。 常见搭配:as...as...,意为“和……一样……”(常用于同级比较)。 如:You’re as tall as your father. 你和你父亲一样高。 as soon as意为“一……就……”, as long as意为“只要”, as usual意为“像往常一样”。 考点13:introduce的用法 introduce为动词,意为“介绍;引见”。常见搭配: 3、 语法点清单 (一)含be going to的一般将来时 一、语法概述 “be going to+动词原形”结构可以表示将来,多用于口语中。be going to是一般将来时态的一种表现形式,表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,意为“打算做某事”。be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 二、be going to的用法 1.be going to主要用于以下两种情况: (1)表示事先经过考虑、安排打算要做的事情,非临时想法。 Eg.I'm going to study medicine at a university. 我将在读大学的时候学习医学。 (2)表示根据某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生。(常用于判断天气情况) Eg.Look at those clouds. It's going to rain. 看那些云,马上要下雨了。 2.be going to与表示将来的时间状语连用,如this evening, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow(后天), next week/month/year, soon等,也可以与when, before, after, until 等引导的时间状语连用。 Eg.She’s going to watch TV this evening. 她打算今天晚上看电视。 He is going to be an engineer when he grows up. 他打算长大后当一名工程师。 三、be going to的句式结构 肯定句 主语+be going to+动词原形+其他. I am going to play basketball.我打算去打篮球。 否定句 主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他. I am not going to play basketball.我不打算去打篮球。 一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答 Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答:No, 主语+be not. —Are you going to play basketball? 你打算去打篮球吗? —Yes, I am.是的,我打算去。 No, I’m not.不,我不打算去。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Where are you going to play basketball? 你打算去哪儿打篮球? 【特别提醒】当特殊疑问词是who时,特殊疑问句句式为:特殊疑问词(Who)+be going to+动词原形+其他? 四、含be going to的there be句型:表示“某地将会有……”。 1.There is going to be+单数主语+时间状语. (主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词) Eg.There is going to be a sports meeting next week. 2.There are going to be+复数主语+时间状语.(主语是可数名词复数) Eg.There are going to be two English speech contests next month. (2) 动词不定式 动词不定式的结构 动词不定时的构成:不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。 (1) 肯定式:to + 动词原形 It’s nice to meet you. (2)否定式:not to + 动词原形 He told me not to leave this room (to是不定式符号,无意义,有时可以不带) 动词不定式的句法功能 功能 例句 说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us =It is not easy for us to speak English. 作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。 表语 My work is to clean the room everyday. =To clean the room every day is my work. 多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作为主语。 宾语 —What sports does he like to play? —He likes to play basketball. 只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。 宾补 My mother made me play the piano all the time. 在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to。 定语 Have you got anything to say? 不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面。 状语 I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)。 I went to the library to study English.(表目的) 不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。 1. 不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为: ①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为"做某事对某人来说是……"。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为"做某事花费某人多长时间" 如:To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 2. 不定式作宾语 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如: would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。 如: Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如: I find it easy to read English every day. 3.不定式作宾语补足语 tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 4.不定式作定语 不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 注意:如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。 The room is big enough for 10 people to live in . 5. 表示一般的概念时,不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个 别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。 What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要当个好老师。 注意:下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略to: (1)主语是all其后有that引导的定语从句或what引导的从句,且从句中含有do的某种形式时。 (2)主语是the only,the first,the last,形容词最高级或被这些词修饰,主语后有定语从句,且定语从句中含有do的某种形式时。 All you need to do now is complete the form. 你现在要做的是把这张表填好。 What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 The only thing to do now is go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。 6. 不定式作状语 不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果和原因。 To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. He goes there to enjoy the fresh air. He worked day and night to get the money. 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,须省略to。此类动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时,省略的to则要加上。 ②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do,其被动形式为to be done。 ►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接"疑问词+带to的不定式"的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 ►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳:(加强记忆) ①动词:agree to do同意去做; afford to do买得起;decide to do决定去做某事;hope to do希望去做;wish to do希望去做; fail to do做某事失败去;plan to do打算去做;pretend to do假装去做; refuse to do拒绝去做;would like to do=want to do想要去做某事;learn to do 学做; prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事;sb. seem to do sth好像做某事; used to do sth. 过去常做某事 ②句型. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事) follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be excited/glad/happy/sorry/ frightened/amazed/surprised to do sth. be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事 get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会 It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. / It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考) It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… ==not… enough to do (常考) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考) something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易 take turns to do sth. 轮流做…… There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对(某人来说)没时间做某事了 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事 try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事 have something/nothing to do with sb 与......有关/无关 链接中考: 1.(2025·北京·中考真题)— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A.where we are going B.where we went C.where are we going D.where did we go 2.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)My mother with her students ________ to volunteer at the old people’s home next week. A.is going B.are going C.goes 3.(2024·天津·中考真题)— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A.had B.have had C.were having D.are going to have 4.(2023·西藏·中考真题)We are ________ take a school trip tomorrow. A.go to B.going to C.goes to D.gone to 5.(2023·四川达州·中考真题)—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping with you. —Maybe next Saturday afternoon. A. when are you going to Luofu Plaza B.when you went to Luofu Plaza C.when you are going to Luofu Plaza 6.(2022·湖北黄石·中考真题)There ________ a volleyball game next Saturday. If it ________ we’ll have to put it off. A.is going to be; rains B.is going to be; will rain C.is going to have; will rain D.is going to have; rains 7.(2022·辽宁大连·中考真题)—What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen? —I ________my grandparents. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.am going to visit 8.(2022·安徽·中考真题)—What are you saving money for? —Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father. A.am going to buy B.have bought C.bought D.was buying 9.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A.enjoy B.to enjoy C.enjoyed D.enjoying 10.(2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A.to practise B.practising C.practised D.practise 11.(2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题)We need more work ________ our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher. A.make B.to make C.makes D.made 12.(2025·吉林长春·中考真题)________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A.To keep B.Keep C.Kept D.Keeping 13.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________. A.to laugh B.laugh C.laughed 14.(2025·天津·中考真题)The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A.protect B.to protect C.protects D.protected 15.(2025·福建·中考真题)We will attend the tea festival in our town ________ more about tea culture. A.learning B.to learn C.learned 16.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A.make B.making C.made D.to make 17.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A.provides B.providing C.provided D.to provide 18.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the dragon boat race. A.watch B.to watch C.watches D.watched 19.(2023·上海·中考真题)Hanfu Day in our school aims ________ students a taste of traditional Chinese culture. A.offer B.offering C.to offer D.offered 20.(2024·四川·中考真题)—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited 21.(2024·海南·中考真题)In China, family members get together ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A.to celebrate B.celebrate C.celebrated 22.(2024·江苏南通·中考真题)________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A.To learn B.Learning C.Learned D.Learn 23.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A.hundreds, to buy B.hundreds, buy C.hundred, to buy 24.(2024·天津·中考真题)People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A.show B.to show C.showed D.shows 25.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped 四、写作清单 写自己的计划及如何实现 一、话题分析 与本单元话题相关的书面表达一般是谈论未来的打算。能用be going to,want to,hope to,plan to等谈论未来生活的计划与愿望,内容包括未来想要从事的职业或梦想及怎样实现梦想。在写作过程中,学生应做到以下几点: 1.能描述自己的梦想或目标,并介绍为实现这一梦想或目标而制定的计划; 2.叙述要有条理,先叙述未来的计划和打算,再叙述打算采取的行动,在谈论行动时要分清主次且按先后顺序进行; 3.恰当使用be going to结构。 写作思路: 第一部分:写作核心思路 写“计划”类作文,关键在于结构清晰和内容具体。一个完整的计划应该包含以下三个部分: What :计划是什么? 明确你的目标。例如:提高英语成绩、学习新技能、锻炼身体、读更多书等。 技巧:目标要具体,不要只说“I want to learn English well.”(我想学好英语),而要说“I aim to get an A in the final English exam.”(我的目标是在期末英语考试中得A)。 Why :为什么制定这个计划? 简要说明原因,让文章更充实、有逻辑。 技巧:原因可以是一两个,无需过多。 To improve myself. (为了提升自己) Because I'm really interested in... (因为我对……很感兴趣) It will help me in the future. (这对我未来有帮助) How :如何实现这个计划?(这是最重要的部分!) 列出具体、可行的步骤。使用具体的行动动词。 技巧:使用“首先,其次,然后,最后”等连接词,让步骤有条理。 第二部分:必备词汇与高分句型 词汇积累 1. cook 厨师     2. engineer 工程师 3. violinist 小提琴手 4. pianist 钢琴家 5. pilot 飞行员 6. take up 开始从事;占用 7. grow up 成熟;长大 8. make sure 确保;查明 9.be sure about 确信;对……有把握 10. be able to 能够做某事 11. have to do with 关于;与……有关系 12.play badminton 打羽毛球 13.stick to the plans 坚持计划 14.decide to start a new study plan决定开始一个新的学习计划 15.achieve one's resolution 实现自己的决定 16.improve one's life 改善生活 17.physical health 身体健康 18.promise to do sth 承诺做某事 19.fail to do sth 未能做某事 20.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 21.be possible to do sth 可能做某事 22. spare time to do sth抽出时间做某事 23.forget about sth 忘记…… 24.remind sb of sth 使某人想起…… 25.give advice on sth 就……给出建议 句型积累 1. I am going to be a writer, because I like reading storybooks. 我要成为一名作家,因为我喜欢读故事书。 2. I’m going to exercise more and eat less junk food. 我打算多多锻炼并少吃垃圾食品。 3. It’s not easy to become a doctor, so I make a plan for it. 4. I will limit the time I spend watching TV to one hour per day. 我打算限制我看电视的时间至每天一小时。 5. I plan to get more exercise to improve my physical health. 6. To get into the best medical school, I need to get good grades. 为了进入最好的医科大学,我需要取得好成绩。 7. I am going to try my best to make my dream come true. 8. I want to he an engineer. 我想当一名工程师。 9. I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习篮球 10. I’m going to keep on writing stories. 我打算坚持写故事。 11. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. 许多决心和自身提高有关系。 12.We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others.我们可以通过学习新事物、养成好习惯、在某个方面更加努力,甚至改善与他人的关系来提升我们的生活。 13.The first one is about taking up a new hobby.第一个是关于培养一项新爱好。 14.I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person. 我相信我会成为一个更健康、更快乐的人。 15. Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend. 最后但同样重要的是,我的英语不够好,所以我打算每个周末多学习两个小时。 高分技巧: 1. 开头句(引出计划): The new term is coming. I have made a new plan for... (新学期即将来临,我为……制定了一个新计划。) In order to achieve my goal of..., I have decided to make a plan. (为了实现我……的目标,我决定制定一个计划。) Everyone has dreams. My dream is to..., so I need a plan to make it come true. (每个人都有自己的梦想。我的梦想是……,所以我需要一个计划来实现它。) 2. 表达具体行动(How部分的核心): I'm going to/ I plan to/ I will + V(动词原形) (我打算/计划/将要……) I'm going to read English for 30 minutes every morning. (我打算每天早上读30分钟英语。) I will try my best to + V (我会尽我最大努力去……) I decide to + V (我决定……) It's necessary for me to + V (对我来说,做……是必要的) By doing..., I can... (通过做……,我能……) By keeping a diary in English, I can improve my writing skills. (通过坚持用英语写日记,我能提高我的写作水平。) 3. 使用时间状语和频率副词: every day/week (每天/每周) twice a week (一周两次) on weekends (在周末) in the morning/afternoon/evening (在早上/下午/晚上) as often as possible (尽可能经常地) 4. 使用连接词,让文章更流畅: Firstly,... Secondly,... Thirdly,... Finally,... (第一,…… 第二,…… 第三,…… 最后,……) What's more, ... / Besides, ... (而且,……) More importantly, ... (更重要的是,……) 5. 结尾句(表达决心与展望): I believe that if I stick to my plan, I will make great progress. (我相信只要我坚持计划,我一定能取得巨大进步。) I'm sure my dream will come true as long as I follow the plan. (我确信只要我遵循计划,我的梦想就会成真。) It might be hard, but I will never give up. (这可能很难,但我绝不会放弃。) 典例: 1.作家列夫·托尔斯泰曾说过:“梦想是指路的明灯。没有梦想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向就没有生活。”作为新时代的青少年,你梦想的职业是什么呢?请以“My Dream Job”为题,介绍你未来将要从事的工作及其原因,并谈谈为了实现你的梦想工作,你将要做哪些准备。要求:80词左右。 提示问题: 1. What is your dream job? 2. Why do you want to do this job? 3. What will you do to prepare for your dream job? My Dream Job ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.假如你是李华,你们学校正在举办“英语特色活动周”活动,英语社团组织开展以“说梦想,话未来”为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你用英语写一篇演讲稿,谈谈你的梦想职业。 内容包括以下要点: 1. 你梦想的职业是什么; 2. 你选择这一职业的原因; 3. 你打算如何去实现它。 写作要求: 1. 不得使用真实姓名和学校名; 2. 词数约60词,开头已给出,不计入总词数。 My Dream Job Boys and girls! It’s my honor to speak here. Today, I’d like to talk about my dream job in the future. I want to be… ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.愉快的暑假结束了,为了更好规划新学期生活,现校刊英文专栏以“My Plans for New Term”为题征稿,请根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文投稿。 内容要点: 1. 学习计划; 2. 运动计划; 3. ……计划; 4. 你对新学期的期望。 注意: 1. 内容必须包含题干中的所有信息; 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 文中不得透露真实姓名及学校名称; 4. 词数70左右(短文首句已给出,不计入总词数)。 参考词汇:improve (v.提高), do sports (做运动), look forward to (期望) My Plans for New Term Hi, everyone. I’m happy to tell you my plans for the new term. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thanks for listening. 1 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Plan for Yourself 1、 单元词汇 单词 1.yourself pron. (pl. yourselves )你自己;您自己 2.engineer n.工程师;技师 3.fashion n.时装业;时尚 4.designer n. 设计师 5.director n.导演;主任;董事 6.musician n. 音乐家;乐师 7.fireman n.(pl. firemen )消防队员 8.AI (= artificial intelligence )人工智能 9.essay n.小品文;文章 10.classic n. 经典作品;名著adj.最优秀的;古典的 11.make sure 确保;保证 12.try one's best 尽最大努力 13.literature n.文学;文献 14.athlete n.运动员 15.photographer n.摄影师;拍照者 16.painter n.画家;油漆匠 17.businessman n.商界人士;企业家 18.actress n.女演员 19.lawyer n.律师 20.law n.法律;法规 21.bath n.洗澡;浴缸 22.miss v.想念;错过 23.be tired of对……感到厌倦 24.able adj.能够;有才能的 25.stick v.(stuck )粘贴;将……刺入n.枝条;棍 26.resolution n. 决定;决议 27.mini-goal n. 小目标 28.achieve v.(经过努力)达到;完成 29.physical adj.身体的;物质的 30.health n. 健康 31.healthily adv.健康地 32.photography n.照相术;摄影 33.self-improvement n.自我改进;自我提高 34.confident adj.自信的;肯定的 35.organized (=organised) adj.有条理的;有组织的 36.wisely adv.聪明地;明智地 37.possible adj.可能的;合理的 38.paragraph n.段;段落 39.introduce v.介绍;引见;引进 40.meaning n.意义;含义 41.fail v.未能(做到);失败 42.ahead adv.提前;在前面 43.put out扑灭;把…摆好 44.design v. 设计;计划n.设计;花纹 45.bridge n.桥 46.final adj.最后的;最终的n.决赛 47.confidence n. 信心;信任 48.form v.(使)形成;组成n.类型;形式 49.relationship n.关系;联系 50.energetic adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的 短语 1. dream jobs 理想工作 2.future plans 未来计划 3. write New Year's resolutions 写下新年决心 4.explore ways to improve yourself 探索提升自己的方法 5.make a plan 做一个计划 6. fashion designer 时尚设计师 7.film director 电影导演 8.work hard at maths 努力学习数学 9.take art lessons 上美术课 10. practise drawing skills every day 每天锻炼绘画技术 11.grow up 长大 12. realize one's dream(s) 实现某人的梦想 13.plan to do sth 计划做某事 14.be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 15. keep on writing stories and essays 继续写故事和散文 16. make sure you try your best at school 确保你在学校尽最大努力 17.do anything you want 做你想做的任何事 18. make their dreams come true 让他们的梦想成真 19.study law at university 在大学学法律 20. be tired of city life对城市生活感到厌倦 21.take a hot bath 洗热水澡 22. live in the countryside 住在乡下 23.take acting classes 上表演课 24.take a taxi 搭出租车 25.play badminton 打羽毛球 26.be able to do sth 能够做某事 27.stick to the plans 坚持计划 28.decide to start a new study plan 决定开始一个新的学习计划 29.achieve one's resolution 实现自己的决定 30.improve one's life 改善生活 31.physical health 身体健康 32.promise to do sth 承诺做某事 33.fail to do sth 未能做某事 34.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 35.be possible to do sth 可能做某事 36. spare time to do sth抽出时间做某事 37.forget about sth 忘记…… 38.remind sb of sth 使某人想起…… 39. base on sth 基于…… 40.give advice on sth 就……给出建议 41.design sth for sb为某人设计某物 42.put out fires 灭火 43. act in a play or a film在戏剧或电影中表演 44.take up a hobby 培养一种爱好 45.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事 46.form good habits 养成好习惯 句型 1.When do we make plans?我们什么时候制定计划? 2.I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。 3.I'm going to take art lessons.我打算上美术课。 4.I'm going to practise my drawing skills every day.我要每天练习我的绘画技巧。 5.I'm going to read more books about IT and AI.我打算多读一些关于信息技术和人工智能的书。 6.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么? ---He wants to be ...他想成为…… 7.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想? ---He is going to ...他打算…… 8.What are you reading, Fu Xing?付兴,你在读什么? 9.It's a book of essays by a famous Chinese writer.是一本中国著名作家的散文集。 10.I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays. 我打算多读经典作品。而且,我还要继续写故事和散文。 11.My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that. 我父母想让我当医生,但我不太确定。 12.Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want. 只要确保你在学校尽力而为,那么你就能做任何你想做的事。 13.I'm going to take a hot bath.我打算洗个热水澡。 14.They are going to live in the countryside.他们打算住在乡下。 15.She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。 16.They are tired of city life.他们厌倦了城市生活。 17.Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。 18.For example, a student may decide to start a new study plan. 例如,学生可能会决定开始一个新的学习计划。 19.Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution.尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 20.After all, the start of the year is often a perfect time for making resolutions. 毕竟,年初通常是下定决心的绝佳时机。 21.A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如,有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。 22.People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. 人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好,比如绘画或摄影。 23.Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common: people hardly ever keep them!尽管各有不同,但大多数决心有一个共同点:人们很少能坚持下来! 24.Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。 25.Don't set a goal that is too difficult or too much for you. 不要设定一个对你来说太困难或负担过重的目标。 26.As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year.随着一年接近尾声,此时正是思考我们在即将到来的新一年中想要做出哪些改变的绝佳时机。 27.We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others.我们可以通过学习新事物、养成好习惯、在某个方面更加努力,甚至改善与他人的关系来提升我们的生活。 28.The first one is about taking up a new hobby.第一个是关于培养一项新爱好。 29.I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person. 我相信我会成为一个更健康、更快乐的人。 30.Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend.最后但同样重要的是,我的英语不够好,所以我打算每个周末多学习两个小时。 语法 (1)含be going to的一般将来时 (2)动词不定式 写作 写自己的计划及如何实现 二、知识点精讲 知识点1: be going to"计划, 打算" [教材原句]I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。 be going to表示将要发生的动作,含有"计划, 打算"的意思, 后跟动词原形,其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致,常跟表将来的时间连用。 He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。 【知识拓展】 come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词,常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 Miss Yang is coming tonight. 杨老师今晚要来。 I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。 知识点2: grow up "长大;成熟;成长" [教材原句] 2.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么? ---He wants to be ...他想成为…… grow up 意为"长大;成熟;成长" 是动词短语,相当于不及物动词,其后不跟宾语。 What does John want to be when he grows up? 当约翰长大了,他想成为什么? (2)grow 的用法如下: v. 种植;使生长,为及物动词。 v. 生长;发育;长大,为不及物动词。 v. 变得,作连系动词,后面跟形容词。 She grows roses in the greenhouse. 她在温室里栽培玫瑰花。 The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。 He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。 up的相关短语: get up 起床 pick up 采摘 give up放弃 dress up 装扮 (2)when是连词,意为"当……的时候",引导时间状语从句。when作连词时,如果主句是过去时,从句也要用过去时;如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时,即"主将从现"。 I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。 I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。 知识点3:realize [教材原句]3.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想? ---He is going to ...他打算…… Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution.尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 辨析achieve, realize与come true 词汇 意义及用法 例句 achieve 意为“(通过努力)达到;完成;实现”,其主语一般为人。 Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。 realize 意为“实现;将……变为现实”,主语为人,后常接愿望、梦想等。也可表示“理解;意识到”。 We try to help all students realize their dreams. 我们试图帮助所有的学生实现梦想。 come true 意为“实现”,其主语一般为希望、愿望等,且不能用于被动语态。 After years of hard work, his dream came true at last. 多年的努力之后,他的梦想最终实现了。 知识点4: keep on doing [教材原句]I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays. 我打算多读经典作品。而且,我还要继续写故事和散文。 keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后"继续做同一件事",后可接表动态的词,如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而"坚持"做某事。 They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨,他们还是继续在田里干活。 【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing keep on doing 表示动作的反复 This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water. 这位老人不断地给我们送热水。 keep doing 表示动作或状态的持续 He kept standing there for an hour without moving. 他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。 【知识拓展】 (1)keep sb(sth) doing sth让某人(物) 不断做某事 The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。 (2)keep sb/sthfrom doing sth表示 "阻止某人/物做某事"。 Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心!防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。 知识点5:be sure about [教材原句]My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that. 我父母想让我当医生,但我不太确定。 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断,主语必须是人。 I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。 I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。 【知识拓展】 (1)be sure to do sth.务必做某事;确信做某事。 I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。 (2)be sure+that 从句,表示"肯定;确信",许多时候可与"be sure to do sth."替换。 I’m sure that I can run much faster.=I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。 考点6: make sure 确保,查明 [教材原句]Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want. 只要确保你在学校尽力而为,那么你就能做任何你想做的事。 常用于祈使句中,后面常接that(可省略)引导的宾语从句(从句不使用将来时)或of+名词(词组)/代词,意为"确保"。 Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。 They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了。 【知识拓展】 make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事 make sure of sth 查明某事,弄清某事 考点7:take [教材原句]She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。 take ... lessons 意为"上……课"。take后接动词的-ing形式。take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。 I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。 take的用法 意义 常见结构/短语/例句 拿,取 take sth./sb. to sp. 带某物/某人到某地 take away拿走,带走 take off脱下(衣物);突然离开;(飞机)起飞 花费时间 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多少时间 吃,喝,服用 The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. 医生让我一天吃三次药。 乘(车、船等) take a/the bus乘坐公共汽车 选中;买下;租用 I’ll take the white jacket. 我要那件白色夹克衫。 接受,采纳 take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议 做……事情,与名词连用 take a rest/break 休息一下  take a risk 冒险  take a walk 散步 学习(课程),参加(考试) I'm taking a French course this semester. (这学期我在修一门法语课。) When did you take your driving test? (你什么时候参加的驾照考试?) 拍照,记录 He took a lot of pictures during the trip. (他在旅途中拍了很多照片。) The secretary takes the minutes of the meeting. (秘书做会议记录。) 【拓展】辨析take, bring, carry与get 词汇 意义及用法 例句 take (→) “带走,拿走”,把某物或某人从说话处带到别处。 Shall I take a gift to my host family? 我要不要给主人家带件礼物呢? bring (←) “带来,拿来”,把某物或某人从别处带到说话处。 Next time I’ll bring a book. 下次我会带本书来。 carry (↑) “携带,扛,搬运”,不强调方向,但有负重感。 Let me carry your case for you. 我来帮你提箱子吧。 get (⇌) “去取来,去拿来”,强调往返的动作。 She has gone to get some milk. 她去取了一些牛奶。 考点8:have to do with关于;与……有关系 [教材原句]Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。 have to do with关于;与……有关系。这个句型表示与某事、某人有牵连,有关系,有瓜葛。 What does this have to do with me? 这跟我有什么关系? I had nothing to do with the murder. I was at home all night. 我跟那谋杀一点关系都没有。我整晚都在家。 【知识拓展】 have nothing to do with 与……没关系 My brother has nothing to do with the fight. 我弟弟和打架没关系。 考点9:take up"学着做;开始做;从事" [教材原句]People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. 人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好,比如绘画或摄影。 take up指"学着做;开始做;从事"。后面可接名词或动名词。 He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English. 他开始学习英语之前已经学一年半日语了。 He took up football when he was 6 years old. 他六岁时就开始学踢足球了。 The young girl wants to take up teaching English to little kids. 这个年轻的姑娘想开始从事幼儿英语教学。 【知识拓展】  take up还有"占用时间或空间"之意。 Learning English takes up a lot of my time. 学英语占了我许多时间。 That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。 考点10:promise n. 承诺;诺言  v. 许诺; 承诺;保证 [教材原句] A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如,有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。 make a promise/promises 允诺 keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言,信守承诺 break a /one’s promise违背诺言 promise to do sth答应做某事 promise sbto do sth答应某人做某事 promise sb sth答应某人某事 If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了,你就要遵守你的诺言。 My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。 You must promise me to be early tomorrow morning. 你必须答应我明天早上早点。 考点11:too…to…是"太……以致不能……" [教材原句]Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。 too…to…是"太……以致不能……",to是不定式符号,后接动词原形,该句式虽没有否定词not/no,但表达否定意义,若逻辑主语是动作的执行者,则需用 for 引出。 English is too difficult for me to read. 对我来说英语太难了。 【知识拓展】  (1) too…to…可转化为复合句 so…that…句型,此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。 The problem is too difficult for me to work out. =The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. (2) too…to…还可转化为"not+形容词/副词+enough to do",其中形容词/副词是句型too…to…中形容词/副词的反义词。 His son is too young to go to school.= His son is not old enough to go to school. 考点12:as [教材原句]As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year. 随着一年接近尾声,此时正是思考我们在即将到来的新一年中想要做出哪些改变的绝佳时机。 as的用法 (1) 作介词,意为“作为,当作;像,如同”。 如:She works as a teacher. 她的职业是教师。 (2)作连词: ①“当……时;随着”。 如: She became happy as she talked about her friends. 她一谈到朋友们就高兴起来了。 ②“由于,因为”。 如:As you were out, I left a message. 因为你不在,所以我留了一张字条。 ③“正如;如同”。 如:As you know, Julia is leaving soon. 你是知道的,朱莉娅马上要离开了。 ④“照……方式”。 如:They did as I had asked. 他们是按照我的要求做的。 (3)作副词,意为“像……一样;如同”。 常见搭配:as...as...,意为“和……一样……”(常用于同级比较)。 如:You’re as tall as your father. 你和你父亲一样高。 as soon as意为“一……就……”, as long as意为“只要”, as usual意为“像往常一样”。 考点13:introduce的用法 introduce为动词,意为“介绍;引见”。常见搭配: 3、 语法点清单 (一)含be going to的一般将来时 一、语法概述 “be going to+动词原形”结构可以表示将来,多用于口语中。be going to是一般将来时态的一种表现形式,表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,意为“打算做某事”。be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 二、be going to的用法 1.be going to主要用于以下两种情况: (1)表示事先经过考虑、安排打算要做的事情,非临时想法。 Eg.I'm going to study medicine at a university. 我将在读大学的时候学习医学。 (2)表示根据某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生。(常用于判断天气情况) Eg.Look at those clouds. It's going to rain. 看那些云,马上要下雨了。 2.be going to与表示将来的时间状语连用,如this evening, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow(后天), next week/month/year, soon等,也可以与when, before, after, until 等引导的时间状语连用。 Eg.She’s going to watch TV this evening. 她打算今天晚上看电视。 He is going to be an engineer when he grows up. 他打算长大后当一名工程师。 三、be going to的句式结构 肯定句 主语+be going to+动词原形+其他. I am going to play basketball.我打算去打篮球。 否定句 主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他. I am not going to play basketball.我不打算去打篮球。 一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答 Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答:No, 主语+be not. —Are you going to play basketball? 你打算去打篮球吗? —Yes, I am.是的,我打算去。 No, I’m not.不,我不打算去。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Where are you going to play basketball? 你打算去哪儿打篮球? 【特别提醒】当特殊疑问词是who时,特殊疑问句句式为:特殊疑问词(Who)+be going to+动词原形+其他? 四、含be going to的there be句型:表示“某地将会有……”。 1.There is going to be+单数主语+时间状语. (主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词) Eg.There is going to be a sports meeting next week. 2.There are going to be+复数主语+时间状语.(主语是可数名词复数) Eg.There are going to be two English speech contests next month. (2) 动词不定式 动词不定式的结构 动词不定时的构成:不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。 (1) 肯定式:to + 动词原形 It’s nice to meet you. (2)否定式:not to + 动词原形 He told me not to leave this room (to是不定式符号,无意义,有时可以不带) 动词不定式的句法功能 功能 例句 说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us =It is not easy for us to speak English. 作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。 表语 My work is to clean the room everyday. =To clean the room every day is my work. 多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作为主语。 宾语 —What sports does he like to play? —He likes to play basketball. 只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。 宾补 My mother made me play the piano all the time. 在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to。 定语 Have you got anything to say? 不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面。 状语 I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)。 I went to the library to study English.(表目的) 不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。 1. 不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为: ①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为"做某事对某人来说是……"。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为"做某事花费某人多长时间" 如:To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 2. 不定式作宾语 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如: would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。 如: Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如: I find it easy to read English every day. 3.不定式作宾语补足语 tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 4.不定式作定语 不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 注意:如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。 The room is big enough for 10 people to live in . 5. 表示一般的概念时,不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个 别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。 What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要当个好老师。 注意:下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略to: (1)主语是all其后有that引导的定语从句或what引导的从句,且从句中含有do的某种形式时。 (2)主语是the only,the first,the last,形容词最高级或被这些词修饰,主语后有定语从句,且定语从句中含有do的某种形式时。 All you need to do now is complete the form. 你现在要做的是把这张表填好。 What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 The only thing to do now is go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。 6. 不定式作状语 不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果和原因。 To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. He goes there to enjoy the fresh air. He worked day and night to get the money. 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,须省略to。此类动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时,省略的to则要加上。 ②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do,其被动形式为to be done。 ►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接"疑问词+带to的不定式"的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 ►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳:(加强记忆) ①动词:agree to do同意去做; afford to do买得起;decide to do决定去做某事;hope to do希望去做;wish to do希望去做; fail to do做某事失败去;plan to do打算去做;pretend to do假装去做; refuse to do拒绝去做;would like to do=want to do想要去做某事;learn to do 学做; prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事;sb. seem to do sth好像做某事; used to do sth. 过去常做某事 ②句型. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事) follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be excited/glad/happy/sorry/ frightened/amazed/surprised to do sth. be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事 get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会 It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. / It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考) It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… ==not… enough to do (常考) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考) something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易 take turns to do sth. 轮流做…… There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对(某人来说)没时间做某事了 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事 try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事 have something/nothing to do with sb 与......有关/无关 链接中考: 1.(2025·北京·中考真题)— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A.where we are going B.where we went C.where are we going D.where did we go 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——琳达,你知道这学期我们学校旅行要去哪里吗?——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。 考查宾语从句。根据“do you know...for the school trip this term”可知,空处填入的是宾语从句,用陈述句序,因此排除选项C和D(均为疑问语序);结合回答“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知,此时宾语从句用一般将来时,排除选项B(为一般过去时)。故选A。 2.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)My mother with her students ________ to volunteer at the old people’s home next week. A.is going B.are going C.goes 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我妈妈和她的学生下周要去养老院参加志愿者活动。考查时态和主谓一致。根据“next week”可知句子用一般将来时be going to,with连接的成分作主语时,遵循就远原则,根据“My mother”可知be动词用is。故选A。 3.(2024·天津·中考真题)— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A.had B.have had C.were having D.are going to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——这个星期天,简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗?——当然。到时见。 考查动词时态。根据“this Sunday”可知,这个星期天要去野餐,事情发生在将来,时态是一般将来时,结构是will do或be doing to do。故选D。 4.(2023·西藏·中考真题)We are ________ take a school trip tomorrow. A.go to B.going to C.goes to D.gone to 【答案】B 【详解】句意:明天我们将进行一次学校旅行。考查一般将来时。“tomorrow”提示时态为一般将来时,结合空前的are可知,谓语用are going to do的结构。故选B。 5.(2023·四川达州·中考真题)—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping with you. —Maybe next Saturday afternoon. A. when are you going to Luofu Plaza B.when you went to Luofu Plaza C.when you are going to Luofu Plaza 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——对不起,你能告诉我你什么时候去罗浮广场吗?我想和你一起去购物。——也许下周六下午吧。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除A;结合“Maybe next Saturday afternoon.”可知,是一般将来时。故选C。 6.(2022·湖北黄石·中考真题)There ________ a volleyball game next Saturday. If it ________ we’ll have to put it off. A.is going to be; rains B.is going to be; will rain C.is going to have; will rain D.is going to have; rains 【答案】A 【详解】句意:下周六将有一场排球比赛。如果下雨,我们将不得不推迟。考查there be句型和时态。第一句为there be句型,根据“next Saturday”可知,应用一般将来时,其谓语结构为will be/is going to be;第二句含有if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主语it为第三人称单数,所以谓语应填动词的第三人称单数形式。另外there be句型不和have连用,故选A。 7.(2022·辽宁大连·中考真题)—What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen? —I ________my grandparents. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.am going to visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你周末有什么计划,海伦?——我要去拜访我的祖父母。考查动词时态。根据“What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen?”可知,此处是询问周末计划,需用一般将来时。故选D。 8.(2022·安徽·中考真题)—What are you saving money for? —Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father. A.am going to buy B.have bought C.bought D.was buying 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你存钱是为了什么?——父亲节马上就要到了。我打算给我爸爸买一件礼物。 考查时态。根据“Father’s Day is around the corner.”可知,父亲节快到了,打算给爸爸买礼物,用一般将来时,故选A。 9.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A.enjoy B.to enjoy C.enjoyed D.enjoying 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们的老师建议我们在阳光下享受(美好时光)。考查非谓语动词。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定用法,意为“建议某人做某事”,根据“Our teacher advises us...ourselves in the sunshine.”可知,此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语,故选B。 10.(2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A.to practise B.practising C.practised D.practise 【答案】A 【详解】句意:基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。考查非谓语动词。to practise练习,动词不定式形式;practising练习,现在分词或动名词形式;practised练习,过去式或过去分词形式;practise练习,动词原形。根据句子结构可知,空处应是动词不定式作目的状语,表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 11.(2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题)We need more work ________ our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher. A.make B.to make C.makes D.made 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们需要更多的工作来使我们的天空更湛蓝、水更干净、空气更清新。考查非谓语。根据“our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher.”可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式to make作目的状语。故选B。 12.(2025·吉林长春·中考真题)________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A.To keep B.Keep C.Kept D.Keeping 【答案】A 【详解】句意:为了保持眼睛健康,我们学生应该少花时间在屏幕前。考查非谓语动词。根据“...eyes healthy”可知,学生少花时间在屏幕前是为了保持眼睛健康,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,表示“为了保持眼睛健康”。故选A。 13.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________. A.to laugh B.laugh C.laughed 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们的英语老师很幽默,他经常讲有趣的笑话来逗笑我们。考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 14.(2025·天津·中考真题)The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A.protect B.to protect C.protects D.protected 【答案】B 【详解】句意:政府正在制定新计划以保护古建筑。考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is developing new plans...ancient buildings.”可知,制定新计划是为了保护古建筑,故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故空格处需用to protect。故选B。 15.(2025·福建·中考真题)We will attend the tea festival in our town ________ more about tea culture. A.learning B.to learn C.learned 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们将参加我们镇上的茶文化节,以进一步了解茶文化。 考查非谓语动词。根据“more about tea culture.”可知,此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故选B。 16.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A.make B.making C.made D.to make 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我们应该在过去的成就基础上再接再厉,共同努力创造一个更美好的世界。 考查动词不定式。根据“We should build on past achievements and work together...a better world.”可知,在过去的成就基础上再接再厉并共同努力,以创造一个更美好的世界。此处应是动词不定式作目的状语,故选D。 17.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A.provides B.providing C.provided D.to provide 【答案】D 【详解】句意:“ClimateGPT”用于让人们很好地了解天气状况。考查动词短语。此处表示“被用来让人们很好地了解天气状况”,用结构be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故选D。 18.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the dragon boat race. A.watch B.to watch C.watches D.watched 【答案】B 【详解】句意:端午节假期期间,许多人聚集在莫愁湖公园观看龙舟比赛。 考查非谓语动词。根据“many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ... the dragon boat race”可知聚集在莫愁湖公园是为了观看龙舟比赛,表示目的“为了观看”,用“to watch”,故选B。 19.(2023·上海·中考真题)Hanfu Day in our school aims ________ students a taste of traditional Chinese culture. A.offer B.offering C.to offer D.offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们学校的汉服节旨在让学生领略中国传统文化。考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.“旨在做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 20.(2024·四川·中考真题)—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——这个暑假你打算做什么?——我计划去杭州看望我的堂兄。考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 21.(2024·海南·中考真题)In China, family members get together ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A.to celebrate B.celebrate C.celebrated 【答案】A 【详解】句意:在中国,家人聚在一起庆祝中秋节。考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,此处表示聚在一起的目的是庆祝中秋节,用不定式形式。故选A。 22.(2024·江苏南通·中考真题)________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A.To learn B.Learning C.Learned D.Learn 【答案】A 【详解】句意:为了了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息,我昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,“昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索信息”的目的是“了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。 23.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A.hundreds, to buy B.hundreds, buy C.hundred, to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意:两百美元足够买自行车了,但是我买不起。考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时,用单数;动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 24.(2024·天津·中考真题)People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A.show B.to show C.showed D.shows 【答案】B 【详解】句意:人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”,使用动词不定式,故选B。 25.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意:中国为帮助其他国家建设高速铁路做出了巨大努力。考查非谓语动词。make great efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”,应用动词不定式。故选B。 四、写作清单 写自己的计划及如何实现 一、话题分析 与本单元话题相关的书面表达一般是谈论未来的打算。能用be going to,want to,hope to,plan to等谈论未来生活的计划与愿望,内容包括未来想要从事的职业或梦想及怎样实现梦想。在写作过程中,学生应做到以下几点: 1.能描述自己的梦想或目标,并介绍为实现这一梦想或目标而制定的计划; 2.叙述要有条理,先叙述未来的计划和打算,再叙述打算采取的行动,在谈论行动时要分清主次且按先后顺序进行; 3.恰当使用be going to结构。 写作思路: 第一部分:写作核心思路 写“计划”类作文,关键在于结构清晰和内容具体。一个完整的计划应该包含以下三个部分: What :计划是什么? 明确你的目标。例如:提高英语成绩、学习新技能、锻炼身体、读更多书等。 技巧:目标要具体,不要只说“I want to learn English well.”(我想学好英语),而要说“I aim to get an A in the final English exam.”(我的目标是在期末英语考试中得A)。 Why :为什么制定这个计划? 简要说明原因,让文章更充实、有逻辑。 技巧:原因可以是一两个,无需过多。 To improve myself. (为了提升自己) Because I'm really interested in... (因为我对……很感兴趣) It will help me in the future. (这对我未来有帮助) How :如何实现这个计划?(这是最重要的部分!) 列出具体、可行的步骤。使用具体的行动动词。 技巧:使用“首先,其次,然后,最后”等连接词,让步骤有条理。 第二部分:必备词汇与高分句型 词汇积累 1. cook 厨师     2. engineer 工程师 3. violinist 小提琴手 4. pianist 钢琴家 5. pilot 飞行员 6. take up 开始从事;占用 7. grow up 成熟;长大 8. make sure 确保;查明 9.be sure about 确信;对……有把握 10. be able to 能够做某事 11. have to do with 关于;与……有关系 12.play badminton 打羽毛球 13.stick to the plans 坚持计划 14.decide to start a new study plan决定开始一个新的学习计划 15.achieve one's resolution 实现自己的决定 16.improve one's life 改善生活 17.physical health 身体健康 18.promise to do sth 承诺做某事 19.fail to do sth 未能做某事 20.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 21.be possible to do sth 可能做某事 22. spare time to do sth抽出时间做某事 23.forget about sth 忘记…… 24.remind sb of sth 使某人想起…… 25.give advice on sth 就……给出建议 句型积累 1. I am going to be a writer, because I like reading storybooks. 我要成为一名作家,因为我喜欢读故事书。 2. I’m going to exercise more and eat less junk food. 我打算多多锻炼并少吃垃圾食品。 3. It’s not easy to become a doctor, so I make a plan for it. 4. I will limit the time I spend watching TV to one hour per day. 我打算限制我看电视的时间至每天一小时。 5. I plan to get more exercise to improve my physical health. 6. To get into the best medical school, I need to get good grades. 为了进入最好的医科大学,我需要取得好成绩。 7. I am going to try my best to make my dream come true. 8. I want to he an engineer. 我想当一名工程师。 9. I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习篮球 10. I’m going to keep on writing stories. 我打算坚持写故事。 11. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. 许多决心和自身提高有关系。 12.We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others.我们可以通过学习新事物、养成好习惯、在某个方面更加努力,甚至改善与他人的关系来提升我们的生活。 13.The first one is about taking up a new hobby.第一个是关于培养一项新爱好。 14.I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person. 我相信我会成为一个更健康、更快乐的人。 15. Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend. 最后但同样重要的是,我的英语不够好,所以我打算每个周末多学习两个小时。 高分技巧: 1. 开头句(引出计划): The new term is coming. I have made a new plan for... (新学期即将来临,我为……制定了一个新计划。) In order to achieve my goal of..., I have decided to make a plan. (为了实现我……的目标,我决定制定一个计划。) Everyone has dreams. My dream is to..., so I need a plan to make it come true. (每个人都有自己的梦想。我的梦想是……,所以我需要一个计划来实现它。) 2. 表达具体行动(How部分的核心): I'm going to/ I plan to/ I will + V(动词原形) (我打算/计划/将要……) I'm going to read English for 30 minutes every morning. (我打算每天早上读30分钟英语。) I will try my best to + V (我会尽我最大努力去……) I decide to + V (我决定……) It's necessary for me to + V (对我来说,做……是必要的) By doing..., I can... (通过做……,我能……) By keeping a diary in English, I can improve my writing skills. (通过坚持用英语写日记,我能提高我的写作水平。) 3. 使用时间状语和频率副词: every day/week (每天/每周) twice a week (一周两次) on weekends (在周末) in the morning/afternoon/evening (在早上/下午/晚上) as often as possible (尽可能经常地) 4. 使用连接词,让文章更流畅: Firstly,... Secondly,... Thirdly,... Finally,... (第一,…… 第二,…… 第三,…… 最后,……) What's more, ... / Besides, ... (而且,……) More importantly, ... (更重要的是,……) 5. 结尾句(表达决心与展望): I believe that if I stick to my plan, I will make great progress. (我相信只要我坚持计划,我一定能取得巨大进步。) I'm sure my dream will come true as long as I follow the plan. (我确信只要我遵循计划,我的梦想就会成真。) It might be hard, but I will never give up. (这可能很难,但我绝不会放弃。) 典例: 1.作家列夫·托尔斯泰曾说过:“梦想是指路的明灯。没有梦想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向就没有生活。”作为新时代的青少年,你梦想的职业是什么呢?请以“My Dream Job”为题,介绍你未来将要从事的工作及其原因,并谈谈为了实现你的梦想工作,你将要做哪些准备。要求:80词左右。 提示问题: 1. What is your dream job? 2. Why do you want to do this job? 3. What will you do to prepare for your dream job? My Dream Job ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文: My Dream Job   My dream job is to be a primary school English teacher.    I love kids—their curiosity always warms my heart. Also, I want to help more children learn English well, making it fun instead of boring. I believe this job lets me share my passion.    To make it come true, I’ll study English harder to improve my language skills. I’ll also read books on teaching methods and practice teaching my little cousin sometimes. I’m sure hard work will turn my dream into reality. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材:本文是一篇材料作文; ②时态:为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”; ③提示:写作提示已给出,注意不要遗漏,可适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步,介绍梦想的工作是什么; 第二步,介绍为什么想从事该工作; 第三步,介绍自己要做的准备。 [亮点词汇] ①learn English well学好英语 ②instead of代替,而不是 [高分句型] ①Also, I want to help more children learn English well, making it fun instead of boring.(现在分词短语作状语) ②I believe this job lets me share my passion.(宾语从句) 2.假如你是李华,你们学校正在举办“英语特色活动周”活动,英语社团组织开展以“说梦想,话未来”为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你用英语写一篇演讲稿,谈谈你的梦想职业。 内容包括以下要点: 1. 你梦想的职业是什么; 2. 你选择这一职业的原因; 3. 你打算如何去实现它。 写作要求: 1. 不得使用真实姓名和学校名; 2. 词数约60词,开头已给出,不计入总词数。 My Dream Job Boys and girls! It’s my honor to speak here. Today, I’d like to talk about my dream job in the future. I want to be… ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Dream Job    Boys and girls! It’s my honor to speak here. Today, I’d like to talk about my dream job in the future. I want to be a doctor. I’ve always been inspired by doctors’ ability to relieve patients’ pain and even save lives. When I see people suffering from illnesses, I wish I could help them. To achieve this dream, I’ll study diligently in all subjects, especially biology and chemistry. I’ll also read medical books in my spare time and try to volunteer in hospitals to gain experience. I believe with hard work, I can become a good doctor one day. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材:本文是一篇演讲稿; ②时态:主要为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”; ③提示:围绕“我的理想职业”展开,介绍自己想成为医生的理想,阐述选择该职业的原因以及为实现理想将采取的行动等要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步,开篇以礼貌用语问候听众; 第二步,详细阐述选择成为医生的原因; 第三步,说明为实现当医生的梦想将采取的具体行动,如努力学习各科知识、空闲时读医学书籍、尝试在医院做志愿者积累经验,最后表达通过努力终将成为好医生的信念。 [亮点词汇] ①dream job理想职业 ②relieve pain缓解痛苦 ③achieve the dream实现梦想 ④diligently努力地 [高分句型] ①I’ve always been inspired by doctors’ ability to relieve patients’ pain and even save lives. (被动语态) 3.愉快的暑假结束了,为了更好规划新学期生活,现校刊英文专栏以“My Plans for New Term”为题征稿,请根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文投稿。 内容要点: 1. 学习计划; 2. 运动计划; 3. ……计划; 4. 你对新学期的期望。 注意: 1. 内容必须包含题干中的所有信息; 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 文中不得透露真实姓名及学校名称; 4. 词数70左右(短文首句已给出,不计入总词数)。 参考词汇:improve (v.提高), do sports (做运动), look forward to (期望) My Plans for New Term Hi, everyone. I’m happy to tell you my plans for the new term. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thanks for listening. 【答案】(参考范文) My Plans for New Term Hi, everyone. I’m happy to tell you my plans for the new term. First, I’m going to study English hard. Last term, I didn’t get good scores in English. In the new term, I plan to join the English Club and improve my spoken English. Second, I will do sports every day to keep healthy because exercise will make me happy and relaxed. Last, I’m going to share more housework with my parents. I will learn to cook and cook for them at weekends. I’m looking forward to having a wonderful new term. That’s all. Thanks for listening. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材:本文是一篇记叙文; ②时态:本文以“一般将来时”为主; ③提示:题目要求根据提示谈谈新学期的计划,要从学习、运动等方面展开,最后谈对新学期的期望。写作时注意适当增加细节,不要遗漏要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步,开篇点题(已给出); 第二步,根据所给要点,依次从学习、运动、分担家务方面展开介绍自己的计划; 第三步,最后表达自己的期望。 [亮点词汇] ①plan to do sth. 计划做某事 ②do sports 做运动 ③look forward to doing 期待做某事 [高分句型] ①Second, I will do sports every day to keep healthy because exercise will make me happy and relaxed.(because引导的原因状语从句) ②I will learn to cook and cook for them at weekends.(动词不定式作宾语) 1 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 4 Plan for Yourself(知识清单)英语新教材鲁教版五四学制七年级下册
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Unit 4 Plan for Yourself(知识清单)英语新教材鲁教版五四学制七年级下册
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Unit 4 Plan for Yourself(知识清单)英语新教材鲁教版五四学制七年级下册
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