Unit 3 What a Delicious Meal! 饮食与健康（话题阅读精练）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制七年级下册

Unit 3 What a Delicious Meal! 饮食与健康 话题阅读精练 板块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 名著阅读 童话故事 208 节选自《小王子》，展示了小王子与地理学家的对话，探讨了事物的短暂性以及如何发现其中的美与价值。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 217 讲述了罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发的讨论和思考。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 239 主要讲述了Simon和表妹Amy在花园里度过的一个下午，两人一起享受的探索时光。 Passage2 完形填空 说明文 178 主要介绍中国制定了一个控制体重的计划，以应对肥胖问题，该计划包括一系列的措施，并呼吁社会各界支持，以保障人民健康。 模拟演练 Passage1 完形填空 说明文 205 本文讲述了总是消极看待事物的年轻人在旅行遇险时，受朋友启发改变态度，最终明白幸福在于在困境中看到光明面的道理。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 192 介绍中国面条的历史、发展和文化影响。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 204 主要介绍中医的发展以及越来越受欢迎的情况。 Passage4 名著阅读 记叙文 198 选自欧亨利的小说《女巫的面包》，主要讲述了在一家街角小店的老板Miss Martha，她一直认为有一位顾客是艺术家，所以想尽办法去帮助他。 Passage5 阅读理解 科学说明文 193 介绍了一项研究发现，经常食用超加工食品会阻碍减肥效果，并强调食品加工方式的重要影响。 Passage6 阅读理解 科学说明文 207 通过科学原理解释了流沙包馅料为何在包皮冷却后仍保持高温，并提出了避免烫伤的建议。 Passage7 概要补全 名著小说 201 主要介绍情绪化进食的概念及其危害，并提供了避免情绪化进食的建议。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.Man is iron, food is steel; skip a meal and you’ll feel weak.人是铁，饭是钢，一顿不吃饿得慌。 2.Disease enters through the mouth, and trouble comes out of it.病从口入，祸从口出。 3.Eat a good breakfast, a full lunch, and a light dinner.早餐要吃好，午餐要吃饱，晚餐要吃少。 4.Speak not while eating, nor talk while sleeping.食不言，寝不语 5.Wash hands before meals, rinse mouth after.饭前洗手，饭后漱口 6.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，医生远离我。 7.You are what you eat.人如其食（吃什么，像什么）。 8.Eat to live, not live to eat.为生存而食，不为食而生存。 9.A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体（饮食是健康基础）。 10.Hunger is the best sauce.饥饿是最好的调味品（饮食需适度，饿时饭最香）。 11.Eat less meat, eat more vegetarian, healthy and happy.少吃荤，多吃素，健康又幸福。 12.Porridge with Chinese cabbage, eat more than weak.粥里加白菜，多食不虚弱。 13.The main grain is mixed with grain, and the steamed rice smells good.主粮掺杂粮，蒸饭喷喷香。 14.Eat moderately and drink moderately.吃要有所节制，饮需适可而止。 15.Five grains and cereals strengthen the body, green vegetables and radishes keep safe.五谷杂粮壮身体，青菜萝卜保平安。 16.A bowl of soup before dinner is not needed in the pharmacy.饭前一碗汤，不用进药房。 17.Overeating and over-drinking are easy to get sick, and regular and quantitative can be tranquil. 暴食暴饮易生病，定时定量可安宁。 18.Three pieces of ginger are like ginseng soup.朝食三片姜，犹如人参汤。 19.Fine grain collocation, less meat and more nutrients.精细粮食巧搭配，少荤多素有营养。 20.If you want to live a long life, you have to cut back on dinner.若想长寿安，须减夜来餐。 时文阅读 Passage A《小王子》 The sixth planet was ten times larger than the last one. There the little prince met an old gentleman who was writing a big book. “What is that big book?” said the little prince. “What are you doing?” “I am a geographer,” the old gentleman said to him. “And I am writing about all the seas, mountains and deserts.” “That is interesting,” said the little prince. “So could you tell me something about your planet?” “I couldn’t tell you,” said the geographer. “But you are a geographer!” “Exactly,” the geographer said. “But I am not an explorer. We don’t have any explorers here. I don’t go out to count the seas, mountains and deserts. Instead, I receive explorers from other planets in my study. I ask them questions, and I write down their answers.” The geographer’s eyes suddenly shone with excitement. “But you... you come from far away! You are an explorer! You shall describe your planet to me!” “Oh, where I live,” said the little prince, “it is all so small. I have a flower on my planet.” “We do not record flowers,” said the geographer. “Why is that? The flower is the most beautiful thing on my planet!” “We do not record them,” said the geographer, “because they are ephemeral.” “What does that mean... ‘ephemeral’?” “Geographies,” said the geographer, “are the books about eternal things. The thing that matters to us is the mountain. It doesn’t change. But your flower is different. It will not last long. It is ephemeral.” “My flower is ephemeral,” the little prince said to himself, “and I have left her on my planet, all alone!” That was his first moment of regret. But he took courage and asked, “What place would you advise me to visit now?” “The planet Earth,” replied the geographer. “I promise you will like it.” And the little prince went away, thinking of his flower. —Adapted from The Little Prince 1．Where is this text most likely taken from? A．A film poster. B．A storybook. C．A travel guide. D．A news report. 2．What can we learn about the geographer? A．He knows his planet well. B．He collects explorers’ experiences. C．He loves reading a large book. D．He has been to many other planets. 3．What does the underlined word “ephemeral” mean? A．Staying the same. B．Looking beautiful. C．Lasting a short time. D．Sounding interesting. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．One flower doesn’t bring spring. B．A good book is a light to the mind. C．We should protect our home planet—Earth. D．You can find beauty even if it doesn’t last long. 长难句分析 1.There the little prince met an old gentleman who was writing a big book.在那里，小王子遇到了一位正在写一本大书的老先生。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“There”是地点状语；“the little prince”是主语，“met”是谓语，“an old gentleman”是宾语；“who was writing a big book”是定语从句，修饰“an old gentleman”。 翻译要点：定语从句翻译时紧跟先行词，译为“一位正在写一本大书的老先生”，使表意更明确。 2.Instead, I receive explorers from other planets in my study. I ask them questions, and I write down their answers.相反，我在书房里接待来自其他星球的探险家。我问他们问题，然后把他们的回答写下来。 结构分析：由两个简单句组成，通过并列连词“and”连接。第一个简单句中，“Instead”是插入语，“I”是主语，“receive”是谓语，“explorers”是宾语，“from other planets”是后置定语修饰“explorers”，“in my study”是地点状语；第二个简单句中，“I”是主语，“ask”和“write down”是并列谓语，“them”和“their answers”分别是它们的宾语。 翻译要点：注意“instead”的语义，译为“相反”，同时理清两个简单句的逻辑关系，使译文流畅。 3.“Geographies,” said the geographer, “are the books about eternal things. The thing that matters to us is the mountain.”“地理学，”地理学家说，“是关于永恒事物的书籍。对我们来说重要的是山脉，它不会变化。” 结构分析：第一句是倒装结构（主谓倒装），正常语序为“the geographer said ‘Geographies are the books about eternal things.’”；“Geographies”是主语，“are”是谓语，“the books about eternal things”是表语。第二句是复合句，“The thing”是主语，“that matters to us”是定语从句修饰“The thing”，“is”是谓语，“the mountain”是表语。 翻译要点：处理倒装结构时，还原正常语序后再翻译，使中文表达更自然；定语从句“that matters to us”译为“对我们来说重要的”，贴合中文表达习惯。 4.“My flower is ephemeral,” the little prince said to himself, “and I have left her on my planet, all alone!” “我的花是转瞬即逝的，”小王子自言自语道，“而我把她独自留在了我的星球上！” 结构分析：由两个简单句组成，通过并列连词“and”连接。第一个简单句中，“the little prince”是主语，“said to himself”是谓语，“My flower is ephemeral”是宾语从句；第二个简单句中，“I”是主语，“have left”是谓语，“her”是宾语，“on my planet”是地点状语，“all alone”是宾语补足语。 翻译要点：“said to himself”译为“自言自语道”，“all alone”补充说明宾语“her”的状态，翻译时要体现出这种补充关系。 Passage B 预制菜 In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 1．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 2．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared.B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 3．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 5．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. 长难句分析 1.Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China.知名企业家罗永浩在社交媒体微博上发帖称，他在国内知名餐饮品牌西贝用餐后感到“不舒服”。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“Luo Yonghao”是主语，“a well-known businessman”是同位语，对主语进行补充说明；“posted”是谓语；“that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China”是宾语从句，作“posted”的宾语。在宾语从句中，“after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China”是时间状语，“a famous restaurant brand in China”是“Xibei”的同位语。 翻译要点：注意同位语的处理，将“a well-known businessman”译为“知名企业家”，“a famous restaurant brand in China”译为“国内知名餐饮品牌”，使句子表意更清晰。 2.Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter.借助预制食材，餐馆可以在更短时间内制作出更多菜品，这使得顾客的等待时间更短。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“Restaurants”是主语，“can make”是谓语，“more dishes”是宾语，“in less time”是时间状语，“with pre-prepared ingredients (食材)”是方式状语；“which makes the waiting time for customers shorter”是定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容。 翻译要点：“which”引导的定语从句在翻译时可译为“这使得……”，使句子逻辑更连贯。 3.For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating.对于家中忙碌的人来说，预制菜也让烹饪变得更简单——他们只需在食用前重新加热即可。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“For busy people at home”是状语，说明对象；“pre-prepared food”是主语，“makes”是谓语，“cooking”是宾语，“easier”是宾语补足语；“they just need to reheat it before eating”是破折号后的补充说明部分，是一个简单句。 翻译要点：破折号后的内容是对前面“makes cooking easier”的解释，翻译时要体现这种逻辑关系。 4.If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health.如果预制菜在储存或运输过程中处理不当，可能会变质，危害人们的健康。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly”是条件状语从句，“it could go bad and harm people’s health”是主句。 翻译要点：注意“if”引导的条件状语从句的逻辑关系，译为“如果……就……”，使句子符合中文表达习惯。 5.What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose.更重要的是，一些餐馆使用预制菜却不告知顾客，这剥夺了人们的选择权。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“What’s more”是插入语，用于补充说明；“some restaurants”是主语，“use”和“don’t tell”是并列谓语，“pre-prepared food”和“customers”分别是它们的宾语；“which takes away people’s right to choose”是定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容。 翻译要点：“What’s more”译为“更重要的是”，“which”引导的定语从句译为“这剥夺了……”，使句子表意流畅。 话题写作佳句积累 1.A balanced diet is essential for a healthy lifestyle. 均衡的饮食对健康的生活方式至关重要。 2.Eating a variety of foods ensures that you get all the nutrients your body needs. 吃各种食物可以确保您获得身体所需的所有营养素。 3.Junk food may taste good, but it has little nutritional value and can harm your health. 垃圾食品可能味道不错，但它没有什么营养价值，并可能损害您的健康。 4.The food you eat can be the most powerful form of medicine or the slowest form of poison. 你吃的食物可以是最强大的药物，也可以是最缓慢的毒药。 5.Our food should be our medicine and our medicine should be our food. 我们的食物应该是我们的药物，我们的药物应该是我们的食物。 6.Eating is a necessity, but eating wisely is an art. 吃是一种必要，但明智地吃是一门艺术。 7.Striving to carry adequate nutrition is the best investment for your body and mind that you can make. 努力摄取充足的营养是你能为自己的身心所做的最佳投资。 8.Over-reliance on ultra - processed foods can lead to nutritional deficiencies and health problems. 过度依赖过度加工食品可能导致营养缺乏和健康问题。 9.Those who think they do not have time for healthy eating will sooner or later find time for illness. 那些认为自己没有时间吃健康食物的人，迟早会有时间生病。 10.A man too busy to take care of his health is like a mechanic too busy to take care of his tools. 一个人忙得没时间照顾自己的健康，就像一个机械师忙得没时间保养自己的工具。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage 1 （2025·广东广州·中考真题）It was going to be a long afternoon. Aunt Jen and Uncle Pete were visiting, which meant I had to play with Amy. I was mixing salt with mud (泥) in the garden. Amy was dancing around like a butterfly. Maybe she could help prepare food for the butterflies. “Okay, Amy,” I said. “You can help spread this salt on the mud.” She took the salt shaker. “Are you growing butterflies like plants, Simon?” “Questions again!” I shook my head. This little girl had a lot to learn—just like me at her age, when my family started planting this butterfly garden. “Some butterflies need salt to stay healthy,” I explained. “Once, a butterfly sat right here on my arm, tasting my salty sweat.” “I want a butterfly to sit on me!” cried Amy. “I want to wear it like a flower!” “Butterflies don’t grow like flowers,” I said. “They fly wherever they like.” “Aww...make them come to me,” Amy said. “They will. They love our garden’s plants, with nice leaves and juice, and this...” I said, pointing to the salty mud. “I don’t like mud,” Amy said. “See, my new pink shoes are muddy—and pink’s my favorite color!” I tried to distract her attention. “Do you know butterflies have favorite colors, too?” “Pink?” Amy asked, starting to smile again. “They like purple better, and orange,” I explained, pointing to the nearby butterfly weed with dark orange flowers. “Look, a butterfly is drinking the juice of the flowers.” I kept talking so she wouldn’t try to catch it. “Butterfly weed is a perfect host plant. Butterflies lay eggs here, which become caterpillars, then chrysalises, and finally beautiful butterflies...” As I spoke, Amy saw a big bee. “Shoo! No bees allowed!” she cried. “Hey, it’s okay. Butterflies and bees both work for flowers,” I told her. “Butterflies work?” she asked. “Yes, listen...” We stayed in the garden until sunset. Then I smelt bread and suggested, “Let’s rest in the hammock.” As we lay together, Amy noticed a butterfly leaving a flower and cried, “Simon, it’s like a flying flower!” That made me smile. We swung gently back and forth, happy just to watch all the flowers—the ones that fly and those that don’t—until Mom called us in to dinner. 1．Why did Simon mix the salt with the mud? A．To play games with Amy. B．To prepare food for butterflies. C．To make the plants grow better. D．To make it safer for Amy to dance. 2．How did Simon feel when Amy asked her first question? A．He couldn’t believe how silly Amy was. B．He was surprised at Amy’s rich imagination. C．He was a bit impatient but also very understanding. D．He was glad that Amy was curious about butterflies. 3．What does the underlined phrase “distract her attention” mean in the story? A．Clean the mud off her shoes. B．Change her mind about mud. C．Keep her away from the mud. D．Get her to forget about the mud. 4．Why did Simon feel happy at the end of the story? A．The bread for dinner smelt good. B．He enjoyed the afternoon with Amy. C．The hammock was really comfortable. D．Amy thanked him for the butterfly lesson. Passage 2 （2025·四川德阳·中考真题）China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. The plan was introduced at this year’s “Two Sessions” (两会). Under the plan, there will be 1 working on diseases caused by obesity (肥胖症) in hospitals all over the country. They will give 2 advice on how to lose weight. This shows China 3 people’s health. Obesity has 4 increased in China over the past 40 years. People are eating more and exercising 5 . By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. According to a study in a medical magazine, this number will rise to 630 million by 2050. Being heavy can be harmful to our 6 . It causes many diseases. Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai have already started the fight against obesity. They use 7 ways to help people lose weight. These include healthy diets and traditional Chinese medicine. At the same time, people in the 8 also need help because obesity has been on the rise since 2005 in town and country areas. We can see many ways to lose weight in social media. However, they can be dangerous. So China is now making medicine to help 9 weight safely. The government is calling for the support of hotels, schools and businesses. For example, schools are teaching students about healthy 10 . In some cities, junk food isn’t allowed to be sold at or near schools. 1．A．farmers B．writers C．teachers D．doctors 2．A．peaceful B．medical C．beautiful D．natural 3．A．cares about B．turns down C．looks for D．learns from 4．A．happily B．greatly C．luckily D．differently 5．A．less B．better C．more D．harder 6．A．power B．success C．health D．wealth 7．A．cheap B．difficult C．safe D．funny 8．A．city B．school C．museum D．countryside 9．A．control B．record C．describe D．guess 10．A．sleeping B．exercising C．eating D．reading 模拟演练 Passage 1 There was once a young man who always saw the bad side of things. One day, he went on a trip to an island with his friend. Suddenly, a strong 1 blew their boat far away. They called for help. But it would be at least a couple of hours 2 anyone would find and help them. They had to 3 in hot weather. As they waited, the young man complained (抱怨) about the heat and the bad luck they were having. When he reached for their water bottle, he said, “Oh no! The water bottle is half 4 .” Then his friend looked at the bottle and said, “But it is half full too.” The young man watched his friend very 5 . A smile slowly appeared on his face and 6 of them laughed. The young man thought to himself, “He is right. Being negative (消极的) doesn’t help.” He then 7 his attitude (态度) gradually and started to see the good side of things. Now the man is much older and has a happy family. He has become a person who sees the bottle half full, not half empty! Happiness is never about having a smooth life—it’s about seeing the 8 side in the dark moments. A sad person sees only problems, while a cheerful one looks for 9 in problems. So next time when you are in a difficult situation, 10 yourself, “Do I see a half-empty bottle, or a half-full one?” The choice is yours. 1．A．wind B．light C．sound D．rock 2．A．because B．since C．before D．after 3．A．cry B．wait C．swim D．run 4．A．clean B．dirty C．full D．empty 5．A．loudly B．seriously C．safely D．carelessly 6．A．both B．neither C．all D．none 7．A．stayed B．refused C．passed D．changed 8．A．strange B．bright C．scary D．boring 9．A．hobbies B．levels C．hope D．danger 10．A．ask B．help C．wish D．praise Passage 2 Chinese noodles have a long history. They were first mentioned in the Eastern Han Dynasty over 1,900 years ago. At that time, noodles were called “cakes”. They were “cakes” that were boiled in water. From the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were written records about noodles. “Mian” became the name of noodles in the Song Dynasty. Before that, there was no specific name for this kind of food. There are all kinds of noodles, such as cold noodles, warm noodles and fried noodles. There are also all kinds of noodle making methods, such as brushing, pressing, rolling and pulling. China is where many kinds of food originated (起源), including the noodles, such as spaghetti, which we think came from other countries. In the Yuan Dynasty, Marco Polo came to China. He learned to make noodles, and then taught the method when he went back to his country. In 1912, the traditional Chinese method of noodle making was brought to Japan. Japanese noodles were first called “Dragon Noodles”, meaning food eaten by the Chinese—the descendants (后代) of the dragon. Among all Chinese noodles, the most special type may be Yi Noodles (伊府面). They were created in the Qing Dynasty by a chef who worked for Yi Bingshou, the governor of Huizhou. The chef was good at cooking but found it challenging to cook for so many guests visiting Mr. Yi’s home every day. Then he created Yi Noodles. Now Yi Noodles are made in both southern and northern China, but Fujian and Jiangxi Provinces are the most famous for making Yi Noodles. Yi Noodles can be served dry or with soup. Since Yi Noodles are similar to modern instant noodles (方便面), they are considered to be the father of modern instant noodles. 11．When did “Mian” become the name of noodles? A．In the Eastern Han Dynasty. B．In the Tang Dynasty. C．In the Song Dynasty. D．In the Yuan Dynasty. 12．What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．There were no written records of noodles until the Yuan Dynasty. B．In ancient China, only poor people ate noodles. C．Chinese noodles came from Italy. D．Japanese noodles were first called “Dragon Noodles”. 13．What does the underlined word “chef” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese? A．知府 B．老板 C．厨师 D．食客 14．What’s the correct order according to the text? ① The traditional Chinese method of noodle making was brought to Japan. ② The method of making noodles was taught in Marco Polo’s country. ③ “Mian” became the name of noodles. ④ A chef created Yi Noodles. A．③②①④ B．③②④① C．②③①④ D．②③④① 15．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Culture of Chinese Noodles B．The Legend (传奇) of Instant Noodles C．The Methods of Noodle Making D．The History of Yi Noodles Passage 3 ① Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors and Western doctors treat patients in different ways. Western doctors check their patients’ basic physical condition, including weight, blood pressure and temperature. They look for special signs of disease and give the correct treatment. However, TCM doctors examine other things. They are interested in a patient’s physical condition, as well as other sides, such as their spiritual state. ② TCM didn’t use to be supported by most Westerners. However, TCM was included in the new version (版本) of the international classification of Diseases, which was published by the World Health Organization in 2019, Nature magazine reported. ③ This was the first time for TCM to be included in the International Classification of Diseases, which serves as “the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions”, according to China Daily. Ryan Abbott at the Center for East-West Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, US, said this could be good for TCM. ④ TCM has seen some growth in other countries, with a number of famous people using it. For example, during the Rio 2016 Olympic games, US swimmer Michael Phelps was seen with circular (圆形的) bruises (淤伤) on his body. The bruises were caused by cupping (拔火罐), a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than 2,000 years. ⑤ Besides the above, in 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素), a drug that can treat malaria (疟疾). She said she was inspired by TCM. ⑥ However, TCM still has a long way to go. For example, there is still not enough evidence to show how it works exactly, as well as some other things. It hasn’t been accepted by many people overseas. ⑦ Some say that TCM should be together with modern scientific methods to make it more acceptable to people outside of China. “We need to use modern technology and ways of thinking to explain to the world how TCM works on special diseases and to show that it can treat diseases,” Lu Chuanjian, vice-president of the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, said. 16．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing the facts. D．By raising questions. 17．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Center for East-West Medicine. B．The international standard C．The University of California. D．TCM included in the International Classification of Diseases. 18．What is the purpose of the example of Michael Phelps? A．To show the rising popularity of TCM in other countries. B．To tell us how serious his bruises were. C．To spread the traditional Chinese medicinal practice. D．To show us how dangerous it is to take part in the Olympic Games. 19．Complete the following mind map according to the passage. a. Paras.6&7  b. Paras. 5.6 &7  c. Paras. 4&5  d. Paras.3&4  e. Para.2  f. Paras. 2&3 A．①-e; ②-a; ③-d B．①-f; ②-c; ③-a C．①-c; ②-b; ③-d D．①-a; ②-c; ③-f Passage 4       Miss Martha had a little bakery (面包店) on the street corner and two thousand dollars in the bank. This bakery attracted many customers daily. Among them, one interested Martha a lot. He was a quiet, middle-aged man wearing glasses. ① His clothes were always patched (缝补的). But he looked tidy and had very good manners. He came in two or three times a week. He always bought two loaves of stale (不新鲜的) bread. Fresh bread was five cents a loaf, while stale loaves were two for five. ② Once, while serving him, she saw a red and brown mark on his fingers. ③ She was sure he was an artist and very poor. No doubt he lived in an attic (阁楼), where he painted pictures, ate stale bread and thought of the good things to eat. To check if she was right, she took out a painting and put it behind the counter. No artist could fail to notice it. ④ Two days later, the customer came in. “Two loaves of stale bread, please.” “OK.” “You have a fine picture here, madam.” “Yes?” said Miss Martha, pleased with her cleverness. “Do you think it is good?” “The palace,” he said, “is not in good drawing. The perspective (透视画法) of it is not true.” Yes, he must be an artist. How gently his eyes shone behind his glasses! To be able to judge perspective at a quick look―and to live on stale bread! But talented people often have to go through difficulties before they succeed. What a thing it would be for art and perspective if a genius (天才) were supported by two thousand dollars in the bank, a bakery and a sympathetic heart―But these were daydreams. He kept on buying stale bread, never a cake, never a pie. She thought he began to look thinner and lose heart. She wanted to offer something good to him, but she was afraid of hurting him. She knew the pride of artists. ―Adapted from The Two Loaves of Bread by O. Henry 20．How does the writer mainly develop the story? A．By showing different scenes. B．By describing the background information. C．By using long dialogues. D．By explaining Miss Martha’s thoughts and feelings. 21．Where can we put the sentence “He never called for anything but stale bread.”? A．①. B．②. C．③. D．④. 22．What does the underlined word “sympathetic” mean? A．showing kindness B．being regretful C．bringing happiness D．feeling proud 23．What might happen later according to the last sentence in the story? A．Miss Martha would offer the man stale bread for free. B．Miss Martha would lend some money to the man. C．Miss Martha would tell others his difficulties. D．Miss Martha would secretly give him fresh bread instead of stale bread. Passage 5 ①A new study came out in the UK on August 4th, 2025. It found something surprising: eating lots of ultra-processed (超加工) foods (UPFs) can make it more difficult to lose weight, even if the diet follows national healthy-eating advice. ②The research tested 55 people for a few months. They were asked to follow an 8-week diet, eating minimally (最低限度) processed foods (MPFs), such as home-cooked meals, and another 8-week diet, eating UPFs. UPFs are made by many foods with additives (添加剂) and other ingredients (配料)—just like in some snacks and ready-to-eat meals. Both diets followed the UK’s Eatwell Guide. Between the two diets, the participants (参与者) ate their usual food for 4 weeks to set their bodies back to how they are at the beginning of the research. All meals, snacks and drinks were sent to their homes, but they could choose how much to eat and when. This made the study feel more like real life. ③The results showed that people lost weight on both diets. But people on the MPF diet lost much more weight. They lost 1.84 kg. People on the UPF diet lost only 0.88 kg. So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight. MPFs also helped people lose body fat. They also helped people eat just the right amount of food. UPFs did not help in these ways. ④Why is it harder to lose weight with UPFs? The study says the way they are made is important. Making UPFs changes the food. This can make you feel full more slowly. So, people may eat more food without knowing it. Additives and heat may also change gut bacteria (肠道菌群). This can make it harder to control weight. ⑤In the UK, over half of people’s daily energy comes from UPFs. Similar situations are in other European countries and the United States. UPFs are the first choice of people who earn less money because they are much cheaper. ⑥Researchers say the food environment also matters. Unhealthy diets are often not a result of personal choice but a result of food environment around us. People already know they have too much salt and sugar. However, UPFs are cheap and easy-to-get. They bring more money to sellers. ⑦This study is the longest-lasting one of its kind in real-life situations among similar studies. It helps people know the importance of realizing what healthy foods are. And the national diet guide should pay more attention to food processing. 24．Which picture can show the results of the research? A． B． C．D． 25．According to the study, what is TRUE about the two diets? A．People eating UPFs lost more weight than those eating MPFs. B．People eating MPFs lost almost the same weight as those eating UPFs. C．People eating MPFs lost twice as much weight as those eating UPFs. D．People eating UPFs found it easier to control how much they ate. 26．Why did the researchers ask participants to return to their usual food for four weeks between the two diets? A．To see which kind of food participants liked more. B．To help participants get into a healthy eating habit slowly. C．To give their bodies a break and let them relax from the study. D．To make sure the first diet didn’t change the results of the second one. 27．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 6 ①Have you ever been burned by a freshly made molten custard bun (流沙包)? Many people say when the soft skin of molten custard bun feels cool enough to eat, the filling (馅) inside is still “burning hot”. ② ▲ They were surprised to find that the average temperature of the filling can reach 64℃ when the buns are taken out of the steamer. According to scientists, the suggested temperature for food is around 10℃ to 40℃, and food that is over 60℃ can hurt our throat. ③Why does this happen? The secret is in its filling. It isn’t just liquid (液体)—it’s a thick mix of sugar, milk, and egg yolks, which flows (流动) slowly. Because it is not exposed (暴露) to air, once heated, the thick filling keeps heat for a long time. The test shows that after a bun has been out of the steamer for 10 minutes, the temperature inside still remains 58.3℃. Even after 20 minutes, the center still stays warm. ④The temperature difference can be explained using a physics concept called specific heat capacity (比热容). Something with a low specific heat capacity doesn’t hold much heat and cools down fast. Things with a high specific heat capacity take longer to cool down. Usually, liquids hold heat longer than solids (固体). As a molten custard bun’s filling has more water and fat than its skin, it takes more time to fully cool down. ⑤To avoid being burned, it is advised that when serving such hot food, shops can add warning tips like a simple “Caution: Filling is very hot!” sign to remind people. Providing small spoons to allow customers to check the temperature before eating also helps. A little care prevents accidents and makes dining more enjoyable. ⑥For customers, next time you buy a hot bun, let it sit for at least 15 minutes. You can make a small hole on the skin with your chopstick first, letting the filling cool faster. ⑦Now you know why molten custard buns stay hot inside. Remember: the skin may lie, but the science doesn’t. Stay patient and stay safe. Your tongue will thank you for waiting! 28．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．People always wonder why the filling stays so hot for so long. B．Scientists did a test to find out how hot the filling could be. C．A research team studicd how long it took to cool molten custard buns. D．Experts warned that eating hot food quickly could be quite dangerous. 29．After being heated to 80℃, which cools down the most slowly? A． B． C． D． 30．Which “thick” below has the same meaning as the “thick ” in Paragraph 3? A．This book you gave me was thick, with over 500 pages. B．Annie, your mother has very thick black hair! C．The honey was too thick to pour out of the bottle. D．He’s a little thick—he never understands jokes. 31．What is the best structure for the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 7 阅读语篇，用恰当的词块或句子补全摘要中所缺信息。 We are taught from birth to use food to express our feelings. We plan family dinners, treat our friends from far away and make traditional food during festivals. But emotional eating is different. For example, you may eat a lot more than usual when you fail an important exam. You might eat a lot when experiencing the stress from Covid-19. The bad news is that emotional eating will not help you drive away any terrible feelings but might only lower your energy, disturb your sleep and weaken your immunity (免疫力). Luckily, here are some things you can do to avoid emotional eating. First, understand what you are experiencing. If your stomach is growling (咆哮), it is a sign of physical hunger. But if there is no such sign and you still feel hungry, you’d better do a mental check of yourself: Am I experiencing happiness, sadness, fear, or anger? If your answer is yes, it is not your body but your mind that is asking for food. Moreover, when to eat also has a great influence. You should eat meals around the same time each day, and leave about three to five hours apart between meals. If you stick to this plan, you can not only avoid mindless eating but also control your blood sugar and insulin (胰岛素). Last but not the least, remember to avoid blaming (责备) yourself for emotional eating. This only heightens emotions, which can increase the drive to eat. Sometimes a mistake can be a chance to learn how to deal with a similar situation in the future. So try to use a gentle self-talk next time. Follow these suggestions from now on! You can eat well even under great stress! SUMMARY Emotional eating means 32 . It can harm our health by lowering energy, disturbing sleep, and weaken immunity. Here is something you can do. First, tell whether you are experiencing 33 . Second, 34 and stick to it. Lastly, try to be kind to yourself. This is because the more you blame yourself, 35 . 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 What a Delicious Meal! 饮食与健康 话题阅读精练 板块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 名著阅读 童话故事 208 节选自《小王子》，展示了小王子与地理学家的对话，探讨了事物的短暂性以及如何发现其中的美与价值。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 217 讲述了罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发的讨论和思考。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 239 主要讲述了Simon和表妹Amy在花园里度过的一个下午，两人一起享受的探索时光。 Passage2 完形填空 说明文 178 主要介绍中国制定了一个控制体重的计划，以应对肥胖问题，该计划包括一系列的措施，并呼吁社会各界支持，以保障人民健康。 模拟演练 Passage1 完形填空 说明文 205 本文讲述了总是消极看待事物的年轻人在旅行遇险时，受朋友启发改变态度，最终明白幸福在于在困境中看到光明面的道理。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 192 介绍中国面条的历史、发展和文化影响。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 204 主要介绍中医的发展以及越来越受欢迎的情况。 Passage4 名著阅读 记叙文 198 选自欧亨利的小说《女巫的面包》，主要讲述了在一家街角小店的老板Miss Martha，她一直认为有一位顾客是艺术家，所以想尽办法去帮助他。 Passage5 阅读理解 科学说明文 193 介绍了一项研究发现，经常食用超加工食品会阻碍减肥效果，并强调食品加工方式的重要影响。 Passage6 阅读理解 科学说明文 207 通过科学原理解释了流沙包馅料为何在包皮冷却后仍保持高温，并提出了避免烫伤的建议。 Passage7 概要补全 名著小说 201 主要介绍情绪化进食的概念及其危害，并提供了避免情绪化进食的建议。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.Man is iron, food is steel; skip a meal and you’ll feel weak.人是铁，饭是钢，一顿不吃饿得慌。 2.Disease enters through the mouth, and trouble comes out of it.病从口入，祸从口出。 3.Eat a good breakfast, a full lunch, and a light dinner.早餐要吃好，午餐要吃饱，晚餐要吃少。 4.Speak not while eating, nor talk while sleeping.食不言，寝不语 5.Wash hands before meals, rinse mouth after.饭前洗手，饭后漱口 6.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，医生远离我。 7.You are what you eat.人如其食（吃什么，像什么）。 8.Eat to live, not live to eat.为生存而食，不为食而生存。 9.A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体（饮食是健康基础）。 10.Hunger is the best sauce.饥饿是最好的调味品（饮食需适度，饿时饭最香）。 11.Eat less meat, eat more vegetarian, healthy and happy.少吃荤，多吃素，健康又幸福。 12.Porridge with Chinese cabbage, eat more than weak.粥里加白菜，多食不虚弱。 13.The main grain is mixed with grain, and the steamed rice smells good.主粮掺杂粮，蒸饭喷喷香。 14.Eat moderately and drink moderately.吃要有所节制，饮需适可而止。 15.Five grains and cereals strengthen the body, green vegetables and radishes keep safe.五谷杂粮壮身体，青菜萝卜保平安。 16.A bowl of soup before dinner is not needed in the pharmacy.饭前一碗汤，不用进药房。 17.Overeating and over-drinking are easy to get sick, and regular and quantitative can be tranquil. 暴食暴饮易生病，定时定量可安宁。 18.Three pieces of ginger are like ginseng soup.朝食三片姜，犹如人参汤。 19.Fine grain collocation, less meat and more nutrients.精细粮食巧搭配，少荤多素有营养。 20.If you want to live a long life, you have to cut back on dinner.若想长寿安，须减夜来餐。 时文阅读 Passage A《小王子》 The sixth planet was ten times larger than the last one. There the little prince met an old gentleman who was writing a big book. “What is that big book?” said the little prince. “What are you doing?” “I am a geographer,” the old gentleman said to him. “And I am writing about all the seas, mountains and deserts.” “That is interesting,” said the little prince. “So could you tell me something about your planet?” “I couldn’t tell you,” said the geographer. “But you are a geographer!” “Exactly,” the geographer said. “But I am not an explorer. We don’t have any explorers here. I don’t go out to count the seas, mountains and deserts. Instead, I receive explorers from other planets in my study. I ask them questions, and I write down their answers.” The geographer’s eyes suddenly shone with excitement. “But you... you come from far away! You are an explorer! You shall describe your planet to me!” “Oh, where I live,” said the little prince, “it is all so small. I have a flower on my planet.” “We do not record flowers,” said the geographer. “Why is that? The flower is the most beautiful thing on my planet!” “We do not record them,” said the geographer, “because they are ephemeral.” “What does that mean... ‘ephemeral’?” “Geographies,” said the geographer, “are the books about eternal things. The thing that matters to us is the mountain. It doesn’t change. But your flower is different. It will not last long. It is ephemeral.” “My flower is ephemeral,” the little prince said to himself, “and I have left her on my planet, all alone!” That was his first moment of regret. But he took courage and asked, “What place would you advise me to visit now?” “The planet Earth,” replied the geographer. “I promise you will like it.” And the little prince went away, thinking of his flower. —Adapted from The Little Prince 1．Where is this text most likely taken from? A．A film poster. B．A storybook. C．A travel guide. D．A news report. 2．What can we learn about the geographer? A．He knows his planet well. B．He collects explorers’ experiences. C．He loves reading a large book. D．He has been to many other planets. 3．What does the underlined word “ephemeral” mean? A．Staying the same. B．Looking beautiful. C．Lasting a short time. D．Sounding interesting. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．One flower doesn’t bring spring. B．A good book is a light to the mind. C．We should protect our home planet—Earth. D．You can find beauty even if it doesn’t last long. 长难句分析 1.There the little prince met an old gentleman who was writing a big book.在那里，小王子遇到了一位正在写一本大书的老先生。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“There”是地点状语；“the little prince”是主语，“met”是谓语，“an old gentleman”是宾语；“who was writing a big book”是定语从句，修饰“an old gentleman”。 翻译要点：定语从句翻译时紧跟先行词，译为“一位正在写一本大书的老先生”，使表意更明确。 2.Instead, I receive explorers from other planets in my study. I ask them questions, and I write down their answers.相反，我在书房里接待来自其他星球的探险家。我问他们问题，然后把他们的回答写下来。 结构分析：由两个简单句组成，通过并列连词“and”连接。第一个简单句中，“Instead”是插入语，“I”是主语，“receive”是谓语，“explorers”是宾语，“from other planets”是后置定语修饰“explorers”，“in my study”是地点状语；第二个简单句中，“I”是主语，“ask”和“write down”是并列谓语，“them”和“their answers”分别是它们的宾语。 翻译要点：注意“instead”的语义，译为“相反”，同时理清两个简单句的逻辑关系，使译文流畅。 3.“Geographies,” said the geographer, “are the books about eternal things. The thing that matters to us is the mountain.”“地理学，”地理学家说，“是关于永恒事物的书籍。对我们来说重要的是山脉，它不会变化。” 结构分析：第一句是倒装结构（主谓倒装），正常语序为“the geographer said ‘Geographies are the books about eternal things.’”；“Geographies”是主语，“are”是谓语，“the books about eternal things”是表语。第二句是复合句，“The thing”是主语，“that matters to us”是定语从句修饰“The thing”，“is”是谓语，“the mountain”是表语。 翻译要点：处理倒装结构时，还原正常语序后再翻译，使中文表达更自然；定语从句“that matters to us”译为“对我们来说重要的”，贴合中文表达习惯。 4.“My flower is ephemeral,” the little prince said to himself, “and I have left her on my planet, all alone!” “我的花是转瞬即逝的，”小王子自言自语道，“而我把她独自留在了我的星球上！” 结构分析：由两个简单句组成，通过并列连词“and”连接。第一个简单句中，“the little prince”是主语，“said to himself”是谓语，“My flower is ephemeral”是宾语从句；第二个简单句中，“I”是主语，“have left”是谓语，“her”是宾语，“on my planet”是地点状语，“all alone”是宾语补足语。 翻译要点：“said to himself”译为“自言自语道”，“all alone”补充说明宾语“her”的状态，翻译时要体现出这种补充关系。 【答案】1—4 BBCD 【解析】本文节选自《小王子》，展示了小王子与地理学家的对话，探讨了事物的短暂性以及如何发现其中的美与价值。 1．推理判断题。根据“—Adapted from The Little Prince”及全文可知，文章是《小王子》的节选，讲述小王子和地理学家的故事，属于故事类内容，所以最可能来自故事书。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Instead, I receive explorers from other planets in my study. I ask them questions, and I write down their answers.”可知，地理学家通过接待其他星球的探险家，询问他们问题并记录答案，即他收集探险家的经验。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But your flower is different. It will not last long. It is ephemeral.”可知，花不会长久，所以 “ephemeral” 意思是 “持续时间短的”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“The flower is the most beautiful thing on my planet!”和“ ‘My flower is ephemeral,’ the little prince said to himself, ‘and I have left her on my planet, all alone!’ ”可知，小王子的花是短暂的，但它是小王子星球上最美的东西，这传达了即使短暂的事物也有美感和价值的道理。故选D。 译文： 第六颗星球比上一颗大十倍。在那里，小王子遇到了一位正在写一本大书的老先生。 “那本大书是什么？”小王子问，“你在做什么？” “我是一名地理学家，”老先生对他说，“我正在写关于所有海洋、山脉和沙漠的内容。” “这很有趣，”小王子说，“那你能给我讲讲你的星球吗？” “我没法告诉你，”地理学家说。“可你是个地理学家呀！” “确实，”地理学家说，“但我不是探险家。我们这里没有探险家。我不出去统计海洋、山脉和沙漠。相反，我在书房里接待来自其他星球的探险家。我问他们问题，然后把他们的回答写下来。” 地理学家的眼睛突然兴奋地亮了起来。 “可你……你来自很远的地方！你是个探险家！你得给我描述你的星球！” “哦，我住的地方，”小王子说，“它特别小。我的星球上有一朵花。” “我们不记录花，”地理学家说。 “为什么呀？那朵花是我星球上最美丽的东西！” “我们不记录它们，”地理学家说，“因为它们是转瞬即逝的。” “‘转瞬即逝’是什么意思……？” “地理学，”地理学家说，“是关于永恒事物的书籍。对我们来说重要的是山脉，它不会变化。但你的花不一样，它不会存在很久，它是转瞬即逝的。” “我的花是转瞬即逝的，”小王子自言自语道，“而我把她独自留在了我的星球上！” 那是他第一次感到后悔。但他鼓起勇气问道：“你现在建议我去参观什么地方呢？” “地球，”地理学家回答。 “我保证你会喜欢它的。” 然后小王子离开了，心里想着他的花。 Passage B 预制菜 In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 1．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 2．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared.B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 3．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 5．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. 长难句分析 1.Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China.知名企业家罗永浩在社交媒体微博上发帖称，他在国内知名餐饮品牌西贝用餐后感到“不舒服”。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“Luo Yonghao”是主语，“a well-known businessman”是同位语，对主语进行补充说明；“posted”是谓语；“that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China”是宾语从句，作“posted”的宾语。在宾语从句中，“after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China”是时间状语，“a famous restaurant brand in China”是“Xibei”的同位语。 翻译要点：注意同位语的处理，将“a well-known businessman”译为“知名企业家”，“a famous restaurant brand in China”译为“国内知名餐饮品牌”，使句子表意更清晰。 2.Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter.借助预制食材，餐馆可以在更短时间内制作出更多菜品，这使得顾客的等待时间更短。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“Restaurants”是主语，“can make”是谓语，“more dishes”是宾语，“in less time”是时间状语，“with pre-prepared ingredients (食材)”是方式状语；“which makes the waiting time for customers shorter”是定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容。 翻译要点：“which”引导的定语从句在翻译时可译为“这使得……”，使句子逻辑更连贯。 3.For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating.对于家中忙碌的人来说，预制菜也让烹饪变得更简单——他们只需在食用前重新加热即可。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“For busy people at home”是状语，说明对象；“pre-prepared food”是主语，“makes”是谓语，“cooking”是宾语，“easier”是宾语补足语；“they just need to reheat it before eating”是破折号后的补充说明部分，是一个简单句。 翻译要点：破折号后的内容是对前面“makes cooking easier”的解释，翻译时要体现这种逻辑关系。 4.If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health.如果预制菜在储存或运输过程中处理不当，可能会变质，危害人们的健康。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly”是条件状语从句，“it could go bad and harm people’s health”是主句。 翻译要点：注意“if”引导的条件状语从句的逻辑关系，译为“如果……就……”，使句子符合中文表达习惯。 5.What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose.更重要的是，一些餐馆使用预制菜却不告知顾客，这剥夺了人们的选择权。 结构分析：这是一个复合句。“What’s more”是插入语，用于补充说明；“some restaurants”是主语，“use”和“don’t tell”是并列谓语，“pre-prepared food”和“customers”分别是它们的宾语；“which takes away people’s right to choose”是定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容。 翻译要点：“What’s more”译为“更重要的是”，“which”引导的定语从句译为“这剥夺了……”，使句子表意流畅。 【答案】1—5 BABCB 【解析】本文主要讲述了罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发对于预制菜的讨论和思考。 1．细节理解题。根据“He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food.”可知，他表示西贝几乎所有菜品都是预制菜但价格过高，并呼吁政府立法，强制餐厅明确告知顾客是否使用预制菜。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，在罗永浩的言论下，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜。以此举来反驳罗永浩预制菜的言论。所以此处fought back表示反驳。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away.”可知，作者认为预制菜很方便也能减少浪费，“However, pre-prepared food has its problems.”可知，作者认为预制菜也有缺点，以及“Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards for pre-prepared food。”可知越来越多人希望有更清晰的标准。所以作者认为预制菜有好有坏，需要有更清晰的标准。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients might be lost during processing.”可知，加热可能导致食物口感变差，且部分营养在加工过程中可能流失。故选B。 译文： 九月初，一场关于预制菜的争论在中国展开。知名企业家罗永浩在社交媒体微博上发帖称，他在国内知名餐饮品牌西贝用餐后感到“不舒服”。他表示，那里几乎所有的菜品都是预制的，却标价过高，并呼吁政府制定法律，强制餐馆明确告知消费者是否使用此类食品。 西贝迅速做出回应。其创始人贾国龙表示，西贝的菜品均非预制，随后还向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品是新鲜制作的。这一事件让预制菜成为焦点，引发了广泛讨论。 从积极方面来看，预制菜为餐馆和消费者都节省了时间。借助预制食材，餐馆可以在更短时间内制作出更多菜品，这使得顾客的等待时间更短。对于家中忙碌的人来说，预制菜也让烹饪变得更简单——他们只需在食用前重新加热即可。此外，预制菜可以减少食物浪费。生产预制菜的工厂通常会严格控制食材用量，因此被丢弃的食材会更少。 然而，预制菜也存在问题。许多人担心它的口感。重新加热可能会使食物没那么美味，而且在加工过程中一些营养成分可能会流失。人们也担心食品安全问题。如果预制菜在储存或运输过程中处理不当，可能会变质，危害人们的健康。更重要的是，一些餐馆使用预制菜却不告知顾客，这剥夺了人们的选择权。 现在，越来越多的人希望预制菜能有更清晰的标准，以便每个人都能做出知情的选择。 话题写作佳句积累 1.A balanced diet is essential for a healthy lifestyle. 均衡的饮食对健康的生活方式至关重要。 2.Eating a variety of foods ensures that you get all the nutrients your body needs. 吃各种食物可以确保您获得身体所需的所有营养素。 3.Junk food may taste good, but it has little nutritional value and can harm your health. 垃圾食品可能味道不错，但它没有什么营养价值，并可能损害您的健康。 4.The food you eat can be the most powerful form of medicine or the slowest form of poison. 你吃的食物可以是最强大的药物，也可以是最缓慢的毒药。 5.Our food should be our medicine and our medicine should be our food. 我们的食物应该是我们的药物，我们的药物应该是我们的食物。 6.Eating is a necessity, but eating wisely is an art. 吃是一种必要，但明智地吃是一门艺术。 7.Striving to carry adequate nutrition is the best investment for your body and mind that you can make. 努力摄取充足的营养是你能为自己的身心所做的最佳投资。 8.Over-reliance on ultra - processed foods can lead to nutritional deficiencies and health problems. 过度依赖过度加工食品可能导致营养缺乏和健康问题。 9.Those who think they do not have time for healthy eating will sooner or later find time for illness. 那些认为自己没有时间吃健康食物的人，迟早会有时间生病。 10.A man too busy to take care of his health is like a mechanic too busy to take care of his tools. 一个人忙得没时间照顾自己的健康，就像一个机械师忙得没时间保养自己的工具。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage 1 （2025·广东广州·中考真题）It was going to be a long afternoon. Aunt Jen and Uncle Pete were visiting, which meant I had to play with Amy. I was mixing salt with mud (泥) in the garden. Amy was dancing around like a butterfly. Maybe she could help prepare food for the butterflies. “Okay, Amy,” I said. “You can help spread this salt on the mud.” She took the salt shaker. “Are you growing butterflies like plants, Simon?” “Questions again!” I shook my head. This little girl had a lot to learn—just like me at her age, when my family started planting this butterfly garden. “Some butterflies need salt to stay healthy,” I explained. “Once, a butterfly sat right here on my arm, tasting my salty sweat.” “I want a butterfly to sit on me!” cried Amy. “I want to wear it like a flower!” “Butterflies don’t grow like flowers,” I said. “They fly wherever they like.” “Aww...make them come to me,” Amy said. “They will. They love our garden’s plants, with nice leaves and juice, and this...” I said, pointing to the salty mud. “I don’t like mud,” Amy said. “See, my new pink shoes are muddy—and pink’s my favorite color!” I tried to distract her attention. “Do you know butterflies have favorite colors, too?” “Pink?” Amy asked, starting to smile again. “They like purple better, and orange,” I explained, pointing to the nearby butterfly weed with dark orange flowers. “Look, a butterfly is drinking the juice of the flowers.” I kept talking so she wouldn’t try to catch it. “Butterfly weed is a perfect host plant. Butterflies lay eggs here, which become caterpillars, then chrysalises, and finally beautiful butterflies...” As I spoke, Amy saw a big bee. “Shoo! No bees allowed!” she cried. “Hey, it’s okay. Butterflies and bees both work for flowers,” I told her. “Butterflies work?” she asked. “Yes, listen...” We stayed in the garden until sunset. Then I smelt bread and suggested, “Let’s rest in the hammock.” As we lay together, Amy noticed a butterfly leaving a flower and cried, “Simon, it’s like a flying flower!” That made me smile. We swung gently back and forth, happy just to watch all the flowers—the ones that fly and those that don’t—until Mom called us in to dinner. 1．Why did Simon mix the salt with the mud? A．To play games with Amy. B．To prepare food for butterflies. C．To make the plants grow better. D．To make it safer for Amy to dance. 2．How did Simon feel when Amy asked her first question? A．He couldn’t believe how silly Amy was. B．He was surprised at Amy’s rich imagination. C．He was a bit impatient but also very understanding. D．He was glad that Amy was curious about butterflies. 3．What does the underlined phrase “distract her attention” mean in the story? A．Clean the mud off her shoes. B．Change her mind about mud. C．Keep her away from the mud. D．Get her to forget about the mud. 4．Why did Simon feel happy at the end of the story? A．The bread for dinner smelt good. B．He enjoyed the afternoon with Amy. C．The hammock was really comfortable. D．Amy thanked him for the butterfly lesson. 【答案】1—4 BCDB 【解析】本文主要讲述了Simon和表妹Amy在花园里度过的一个下午，Simon通过向Amy解释关于蝴蝶的知识，成功转移了她对泥巴的注意力，两人一起享受了观察蝴蝶和花朵的时光。 1．细节理解题。根据“Maybe she could help prepare food for the butterflies.”以及“Some butterflies need salt to stay healthy”可知，Simon混合盐和泥是为了给蝴蝶准备食物，因为有些蝴蝶需要盐来保持健康。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“‘Questions again!’ I shook my head. This little girl had a lot to learn—just like me at her age, when my family started planting this butterfly garden.”可知，当Amy问第一个问题时，Simon摇了摇头，觉得她有很多要学，这表现出他有点不耐烦，但同时也表现出他很理解Amy的好奇心，愿意教她。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“‘I don’t like mud,’ Amy said. ‘See, my new pink shoes are muddy—and pink’s my favorite color!’”可知，Amy不喜欢泥巴，她的新粉色鞋子沾上了泥巴，她很不喜欢。再根据后文Simon开始谈论蝴蝶喜欢的颜色，试图转移Amy的注意力，让她不再关注泥巴。因此，“distract her attention”在这里的意思是“转移她的注意力”，让她不再注意泥巴。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“That made me smile. We swung gently back and forth, happy just to watch all the flowers—the ones that fly and those that don’t—until Mom called us in to dinner.”可知，Simon在故事结尾感到开心是因为他和Amy一起享受了一个愉快的下午，一起观察了蝴蝶和花朵。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025·四川德阳·中考真题）China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. The plan was introduced at this year’s “Two Sessions” (两会). Under the plan, there will be 1 working on diseases caused by obesity (肥胖症) in hospitals all over the country. They will give 2 advice on how to lose weight. This shows China 3 people’s health. Obesity has 4 increased in China over the past 40 years. People are eating more and exercising 5 . By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. According to a study in a medical magazine, this number will rise to 630 million by 2050. Being heavy can be harmful to our 6 . It causes many diseases. Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai have already started the fight against obesity. They use 7 ways to help people lose weight. These include healthy diets and traditional Chinese medicine. At the same time, people in the 8 also need help because obesity has been on the rise since 2005 in town and country areas. We can see many ways to lose weight in social media. However, they can be dangerous. So China is now making medicine to help 9 weight safely. The government is calling for the support of hotels, schools and businesses. For example, schools are teaching students about healthy 10 . In some cities, junk food isn’t allowed to be sold at or near schools. 1．A．farmers B．writers C．teachers D．doctors 2．A．peaceful B．medical C．beautiful D．natural 3．A．cares about B．turns down C．looks for D．learns from 4．A．happily B．greatly C．luckily D．differently 5．A．less B．better C．more D．harder 6．A．power B．success C．health D．wealth 7．A．cheap B．difficult C．safe D．funny 8．A．city B．school C．museum D．countryside 9．A．control B．record C．describe D．guess 10．A．sleeping B．exercising C．eating D．reading 【答案】1—5 DBABA 6—10 CCDAC 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国制定了一个帮助人们控制体重的计划，以应对日益严重的肥胖问题，该计划包括在全国医院安排医生研究肥胖相关疾病、提供医疗建议、推广健康饮食和传统中医等措施，并呼吁社会各界支持，以保障人民健康。 1．句意：根据该计划，全国的医院将有医生专门研究由肥胖引起的疾病。farmers农民；writers作家；teachers教师；doctors医生。根据“working on diseases caused by obesity (肥胖症) in hospitals all over the country”可知是医生专门研究由肥胖引起的疾病。故选D。 2．句意：他们会提供关于如何减肥的医疗建议。peaceful和平的；medical医学的； beautiful美丽的；natural自然的。根据“advice on how to lose weight”可知医生会给出医疗建议。故选B。 3．句意：这表明中国关心人民的健康。cares about关心；turns down拒绝；looks for寻找；learns from向……学习。根据“people’s health.”可知是关心人们的健康。故选A。 4．句意：在过去40年中，中国的肥胖问题显著增加。happily快乐地；greatly极大地；luckily幸运地；differently不同地。根据“By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy...”可知肥胖显著增加，greatly符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：人们吃得更多，锻炼得更少。less更少；better更好；more更多；harder更努力。根据“People are eating more and exercising”可知吃得多，锻炼得少，会导致肥胖。故选A。 6．句意：肥胖会对我们的健康造成危害。power力量；success成功；health健康；wealth财富。根据“It causes many diseases”可知肥胖对健康有危险，会导致很多疾病。故选C。 7．句意：他们采用安全的方式帮助人们减肥。cheap便宜的；difficult困难的；safe安全的；funny有趣的。根据“weight safely.”可知是安全地减肥。故选C。 8．句意：与此同时，乡村地区的人们也需要帮助，因为自2005年以来，城镇和乡村地区的肥胖问题一直在上升。city城市；school学校；museum博物馆；countryside乡村。根据“obesity has been on the rise since 2005 in town and country areas.”可知是乡村地区的人也有肥胖问题。故选D。 9．句意：因此，中国目前正在研发药物以帮助安全地控制体重。control控制；record记录；describe描述；guess猜测。根据“making medicine to help...weight safely”可知是研发药物帮助安全地控制体重。故选A。 10．句意：例如，学校正在教导学生关于健康饮食的知识。sleeping睡觉；exercising锻炼；eating吃；reading阅读。根据“In some cities, junk food isn’t allowed to be sold at or near schools.”可知在学校或学校周围不能卖垃圾食品，所以是教学生健康饮食。故选C。 模拟演练 Passage 1 There was once a young man who always saw the bad side of things. One day, he went on a trip to an island with his friend. Suddenly, a strong 1 blew their boat far away. They called for help. But it would be at least a couple of hours 2 anyone would find and help them. They had to 3 in hot weather. As they waited, the young man complained (抱怨) about the heat and the bad luck they were having. When he reached for their water bottle, he said, “Oh no! The water bottle is half 4 .” Then his friend looked at the bottle and said, “But it is half full too.” The young man watched his friend very 5 . A smile slowly appeared on his face and 6 of them laughed. The young man thought to himself, “He is right. Being negative (消极的) doesn’t help.” He then 7 his attitude (态度) gradually and started to see the good side of things. Now the man is much older and has a happy family. He has become a person who sees the bottle half full, not half empty! Happiness is never about having a smooth life—it’s about seeing the 8 side in the dark moments. A sad person sees only problems, while a cheerful one looks for 9 in problems. So next time when you are in a difficult situation, 10 yourself, “Do I see a half-empty bottle, or a half-full one?” The choice is yours. 1．A．wind B．light C．sound D．rock 2．A．because B．since C．before D．after 3．A．cry B．wait C．swim D．run 4．A．clean B．dirty C．full D．empty 5．A．loudly B．seriously C．safely D．carelessly 6．A．both B．neither C．all D．none 7．A．stayed B．refused C．passed D．changed 8．A．strange B．bright C．scary D．boring 9．A．hobbies B．levels C．hope D．danger 10．A．ask B．help C．wish D．praise 【答案】1—5 ACBDBA 6—10 ADBCA 【解析】本文讲述了总是消极看待事物的年轻人在旅行遇险时，受朋友启发改变态度，最终明白幸福在于在困境中看到光明面的道理。 1．句意：突然，一阵强风把他们的船吹得很远。wind风；light光；sound声音；rock岩石。由“a strong…blew their boat far away”可知，是强风把船吹远了。故选A。 2．句意：但至少要过几个小时才会有人发现并帮助他们。because因为；since自从；before在……之前；after在……之后。“It would be+时间段+before…”为固定句型，表示“过多久才……”，此处指过几小时才有人来救援。故选C。 3．句意：他们不得不在炎热的天气里等待。cry哭泣；wait等待；swim游泳；run奔跑。由“But it would be at least a couple of hours before anyone would find and help them”可知，前文提到他们呼救后需要时间等待救援。故选B。 4．句意：当他伸手去拿他们的水瓶时，他说：“哦，不！水瓶已经空了一半。”clean干净的；dirty脏的；full满的；empty空的。由“‘But it is half full too’”可知，年轻人认为水瓶已经空了一半了。故选D。 5．句意：年轻人非常严肃地看着他的朋友。loudly大声地；seriously严肃地；safely安全地；carelessly粗心地。由“Then his friend looked at the bottle and said, ‘But it is half full too.’ The young man watched his friend very…”可知，年轻人对朋友的不同观点感到严肃。故选B。 6．句意：他的脸上慢慢露出笑容，两人都笑了起来。both两者都；neither两者都不；all三者及以上都；none三者及以上都不。此处指年轻人和朋友两人都笑了。故选A。 7．句意：他随后逐渐改变了自己的态度，开始看到事物的积极面。stayed保持；refused拒绝；passed经过；changed改变。由后文“started to see the good side”可知，他改变了消极态度。故选D。 8．句意：幸福从来不是拥有一帆风顺的生活，而是在黑暗时刻看到光明的一面。strange奇怪的；bright光明的；scary可怕的；boring无聊的。由“it’s about seeing the…side in the dark moments”可知，是在黑暗时刻看到光明的一面。故选B。 9． 句意：悲伤的人只看到问题，而快乐的人却在问题中寻找希望。hobbies爱好；levels水平；hope希望；danger危险。由“while a cheerful one looks for…in problems”可知，积极的人是在问题中寻找希望。故选C。 10．句意：所以下次当你处于困境时，问问自己：“我看到的是一个半空的瓶子，还是一个半满的瓶子？” ask问；help帮助；wish希望；praise表扬。由“‘Do I see a half-empty bottle, or a half-full one’”可知，是问自己。故选A。 Passage 2 Chinese noodles have a long history. They were first mentioned in the Eastern Han Dynasty over 1,900 years ago. At that time, noodles were called “cakes”. They were “cakes” that were boiled in water. From the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were written records about noodles. “Mian” became the name of noodles in the Song Dynasty. Before that, there was no specific name for this kind of food. There are all kinds of noodles, such as cold noodles, warm noodles and fried noodles. There are also all kinds of noodle making methods, such as brushing, pressing, rolling and pulling. China is where many kinds of food originated (起源), including the noodles, such as spaghetti, which we think came from other countries. In the Yuan Dynasty, Marco Polo came to China. He learned to make noodles, and then taught the method when he went back to his country. In 1912, the traditional Chinese method of noodle making was brought to Japan. Japanese noodles were first called “Dragon Noodles”, meaning food eaten by the Chinese—the descendants (后代) of the dragon. Among all Chinese noodles, the most special type may be Yi Noodles (伊府面). They were created in the Qing Dynasty by a chef who worked for Yi Bingshou, the governor of Huizhou. The chef was good at cooking but found it challenging to cook for so many guests visiting Mr. Yi’s home every day. Then he created Yi Noodles. Now Yi Noodles are made in both southern and northern China, but Fujian and Jiangxi Provinces are the most famous for making Yi Noodles. Yi Noodles can be served dry or with soup. Since Yi Noodles are similar to modern instant noodles (方便面), they are considered to be the father of modern instant noodles. 11．When did “Mian” become the name of noodles? A．In the Eastern Han Dynasty. B．In the Tang Dynasty. C．In the Song Dynasty. D．In the Yuan Dynasty. 12．What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．There were no written records of noodles until the Yuan Dynasty. B．In ancient China, only poor people ate noodles. C．Chinese noodles came from Italy. D．Japanese noodles were first called “Dragon Noodles”. 13．What does the underlined word “chef” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese? A．知府 B．老板 C．厨师 D．食客 14．What’s the correct order according to the text? ① The traditional Chinese method of noodle making was brought to Japan. ② The method of making noodles was taught in Marco Polo’s country. ③ “Mian” became the name of noodles. ④ A chef created Yi Noodles. A．③②①④ B．③②④① C．②③①④ D．②③④① 15．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Culture of Chinese Noodles B．The Legend (传奇) of Instant Noodles C．The Methods of Noodle Making D．The History of Yi Noodles 【答案】11—15 CDCBA 【解析】本文介绍了中国面条的历史、发展和文化影响。 11．细节理解题。根据“‘Mian’ became the name of noodles in the Song Dynasty.”可知，“面”在宋朝成为面条的名称。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据“Japanese noodles were first called ‘Dragon Noodles’...”可知，日本面条最初被称为“龙面”。故选D。 13．词义猜测题。根据“who worked for Yi Bingshou...was good at cooking”可知，“chef”是厨师。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据文中顺序：③“Mian”在宋朝成为面条名；②马可·波罗在元朝回国教做面方法；④清朝厨师创造伊府面，清朝在1912年2月12日结束；①1912年中国传统制面法传至日本。可知，顺序为③②④①。故选B。 15．最佳标题题。文章围绕中国面条历史、种类、传播等文化内容，根据“The Culture of Chinese Noodles”可知，中国面条文化合适。故选A。 Passage 3 ① Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors and Western doctors treat patients in different ways. Western doctors check their patients’ basic physical condition, including weight, blood pressure and temperature. They look for special signs of disease and give the correct treatment. However, TCM doctors examine other things. They are interested in a patient’s physical condition, as well as other sides, such as their spiritual state. ② TCM didn’t use to be supported by most Westerners. However, TCM was included in the new version (版本) of the international classification of Diseases, which was published by the World Health Organization in 2019, Nature magazine reported. ③ This was the first time for TCM to be included in the International Classification of Diseases, which serves as “the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions”, according to China Daily. Ryan Abbott at the Center for East-West Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, US, said this could be good for TCM. ④ TCM has seen some growth in other countries, with a number of famous people using it. For example, during the Rio 2016 Olympic games, US swimmer Michael Phelps was seen with circular (圆形的) bruises (淤伤) on his body. The bruises were caused by cupping (拔火罐), a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than 2,000 years. ⑤ Besides the above, in 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素), a drug that can treat malaria (疟疾). She said she was inspired by TCM. ⑥ However, TCM still has a long way to go. For example, there is still not enough evidence to show how it works exactly, as well as some other things. It hasn’t been accepted by many people overseas. ⑦ Some say that TCM should be together with modern scientific methods to make it more acceptable to people outside of China. “We need to use modern technology and ways of thinking to explain to the world how TCM works on special diseases and to show that it can treat diseases,” Lu Chuanjian, vice-president of the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, said. 16．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing the facts. D．By raising questions. 17．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Center for East-West Medicine. B．The international standard C．The University of California. D．TCM included in the International Classification of Diseases. 18．What is the purpose of the example of Michael Phelps? A．To show the rising popularity of TCM in other countries. B．To tell us how serious his bruises were. C．To spread the traditional Chinese medicinal practice. D．To show us how dangerous it is to take part in the Olympic Games. 19．Complete the following mind map according to the passage. a. Paras.6&7  b. Paras. 5.6 &7  c. Paras. 4&5  d. Paras.3&4  e. Para.2  f. Paras. 2&3 A．①-e; ②-a; ③-d B．①-f; ②-c; ③-a C．①-c; ②-b; ③-d D．①-a; ②-c; ③-f 【答案】16—19 CDAB 【解析】本文主要介绍了中医的发展以及越来越受欢迎的情况。 16．推理判断题。根据“Western doctors check their patients’ basic physical condition, including weight, blood pressure and temperature. They look for special signs of disease and give the correct treatment. However, TCM doctors examine other things. They are interested in a patient’s physical condition, as well as other sides, such as their spiritual state.”可知，西医检查病人的基本身体状况，包括体重、血压和体温。他们寻找疾病的特殊迹象，并给予正确的治疗。然而，中医医生检查其他东西。他们感兴趣的是病人的身体状况，以及其他方面，如他们的精神状态。所以文章通过对比中西和西医来开始文章的，故选C。 17．词义猜测题。根据“However, TCM was included in the new version (版本) of the international classification of Diseases, which was published by the World Health Organization in 2019”可知，This指的是：中医被列入《国际疾病分类》。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据“TCM has seen some growth in other countries, with a number of famous people using it. For example, during the Rio 2016 Olympic games, US swimmer Michael Phelps was seen with circular (圆形的) bruises (淤伤) on his body. ”可知，中医在其他国家也有所发展，许多名人都在使用它。例如，在2016年里约奥运会期间，美国游泳运动员迈克尔·菲尔普斯被看到身上有圆形的瘀伤，这是拔罐造成的。所以这个例子是为了显示中医药在其他国家日益普及。故选A。 19．篇章结构题。根据“However, TCM was included in the new version (版本) of the international classification of Diseases, which was published by the World Health Organization in 2019, Nature magazine reported.”和“This was the first time for TCM to be included in the International Classification of Diseases, which serves as ‘the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions’, according to China Daily”可知，二三段介绍了中医被列入《国际疾病分类》。根据“TCM has seen some growth in other countries, with a number of famous people using it.”和“Besides the above, in 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素), a drug that can treat malaria (疟疾).”可知，四五两段介绍了中医在海外越来越受欢迎。根据“However, TCM still has a long way to go.”和“ Some say that TCM should be together with modern scientific methods to make it more acceptable to people outside of China.”可知，六七段说的是中医在未来的发展。故选B。 Passage 4       Miss Martha had a little bakery (面包店) on the street corner and two thousand dollars in the bank. This bakery attracted many customers daily. Among them, one interested Martha a lot. He was a quiet, middle-aged man wearing glasses. ① His clothes were always patched (缝补的). But he looked tidy and had very good manners. He came in two or three times a week. He always bought two loaves of stale (不新鲜的) bread. Fresh bread was five cents a loaf, while stale loaves were two for five. ② Once, while serving him, she saw a red and brown mark on his fingers. ③ She was sure he was an artist and very poor. No doubt he lived in an attic (阁楼), where he painted pictures, ate stale bread and thought of the good things to eat. To check if she was right, she took out a painting and put it behind the counter. No artist could fail to notice it. ④ Two days later, the customer came in. “Two loaves of stale bread, please.” “OK.” “You have a fine picture here, madam.” “Yes?” said Miss Martha, pleased with her cleverness. “Do you think it is good?” “The palace,” he said, “is not in good drawing. The perspective (透视画法) of it is not true.” Yes, he must be an artist. How gently his eyes shone behind his glasses! To be able to judge perspective at a quick look―and to live on stale bread! But talented people often have to go through difficulties before they succeed. What a thing it would be for art and perspective if a genius (天才) were supported by two thousand dollars in the bank, a bakery and a sympathetic heart―But these were daydreams. He kept on buying stale bread, never a cake, never a pie. She thought he began to look thinner and lose heart. She wanted to offer something good to him, but she was afraid of hurting him. She knew the pride of artists. ―Adapted from The Two Loaves of Bread by O. Henry 20．How does the writer mainly develop the story? A．By showing different scenes. B．By describing the background information. C．By using long dialogues. D．By explaining Miss Martha’s thoughts and feelings. 21．Where can we put the sentence “He never called for anything but stale bread.”? A．①. B．②. C．③. D．④. 22．What does the underlined word “sympathetic” mean? A．showing kindness B．being regretful C．bringing happiness D．feeling proud 23．What might happen later according to the last sentence in the story? A．Miss Martha would offer the man stale bread for free. B．Miss Martha would lend some money to the man. C．Miss Martha would tell others his difficulties. D．Miss Martha would secretly give him fresh bread instead of stale bread. 【答案】20—23 DBAB 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在一家街角小店的老板Miss Martha，她一直认为有一位顾客是艺术家，所以想尽办法去帮助他。 20．推理判断题。故事通过大量内心描写（如Martha对顾客身份的猜测、同情和幻想）推动情节，选项D“通过Martha的想法和感受展开”符合。故选D。 21．推理判断题。根据“Never did he call for anything but stale bread.”可知，这句话描述的是顾客只买不新鲜面包的行为。②处前文提到“He always bought two loaves of stale bread.”与题干句子意思相符，将题干句子放在此处，逻辑连贯，符合语境，B选项正确，故选B。 22．词句猜测题。画线词“sympathetic”出现在玛莎幻想资助艺术家的情境中“a genius were supported by… a sympathetic heart”。后文“she was afraid of hurting him”（怕伤害他）及“knew the pride of artists”（深知艺术家自尊）表明，此处强调她“善解人意、体谅他人感受”的特质。故选A。 23．推理判断题。结尾提到Martha想帮助他但怕伤害其自尊，结合“艺术家的骄傲”，暗示她可能通过隐蔽方式提供帮助，选项D“玛莎小姐会偷偷地给他新鲜面包而不是不新鲜的面包。”符合，故选D。 Passage 5 ①A new study came out in the UK on August 4th, 2025. It found something surprising: eating lots of ultra-processed (超加工) foods (UPFs) can make it more difficult to lose weight, even if the diet follows national healthy-eating advice. ②The research tested 55 people for a few months. They were asked to follow an 8-week diet, eating minimally (最低限度) processed foods (MPFs), such as home-cooked meals, and another 8-week diet, eating UPFs. UPFs are made by many foods with additives (添加剂) and other ingredients (配料)—just like in some snacks and ready-to-eat meals. Both diets followed the UK’s Eatwell Guide. Between the two diets, the participants (参与者) ate their usual food for 4 weeks to set their bodies back to how they are at the beginning of the research. All meals, snacks and drinks were sent to their homes, but they could choose how much to eat and when. This made the study feel more like real life. ③The results showed that people lost weight on both diets. But people on the MPF diet lost much more weight. They lost 1.84 kg. People on the UPF diet lost only 0.88 kg. So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight. MPFs also helped people lose body fat. They also helped people eat just the right amount of food. UPFs did not help in these ways. ④Why is it harder to lose weight with UPFs? The study says the way they are made is important. Making UPFs changes the food. This can make you feel full more slowly. So, people may eat more food without knowing it. Additives and heat may also change gut bacteria (肠道菌群). This can make it harder to control weight. ⑤In the UK, over half of people’s daily energy comes from UPFs. Similar situations are in other European countries and the United States. UPFs are the first choice of people who earn less money because they are much cheaper. ⑥Researchers say the food environment also matters. Unhealthy diets are often not a result of personal choice but a result of food environment around us. People already know they have too much salt and sugar. However, UPFs are cheap and easy-to-get. They bring more money to sellers. ⑦This study is the longest-lasting one of its kind in real-life situations among similar studies. It helps people know the importance of realizing what healthy foods are. And the national diet guide should pay more attention to food processing. 24．Which picture can show the results of the research? A． B． C．D． 25．According to the study, what is TRUE about the two diets? A．People eating UPFs lost more weight than those eating MPFs. B．People eating MPFs lost almost the same weight as those eating UPFs. C．People eating MPFs lost twice as much weight as those eating UPFs. D．People eating UPFs found it easier to control how much they ate. 26．Why did the researchers ask participants to return to their usual food for four weeks between the two diets? A．To see which kind of food participants liked more. B．To help participants get into a healthy eating habit slowly. C．To give their bodies a break and let them relax from the study. D．To make sure the first diet didn’t change the results of the second one. 27．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】24—27 DCDB 【解析】本文介绍了一项研究发现，经常食用超加工食品会阻碍减肥效果，并强调食品加工方式对健康饮食和体重管理的重要影响。 24．推理判断题。根据“The results showed that people lost weight on both diets. But people on the MPF diet lost much more weight. They lost 1.84 kg. People on the UPF diet lost only 0.88 kg. So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight.”可知，两种饮食都能减重，但低加工食品（MPF）饮食组减重是超加工食品（UPF）饮食组的两倍。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据“So, the MPF group lost twice as much weight.”可知，吃MPF的人比吃UPF的人减掉了两倍的体重。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“Between the two diets, the participants (参与者) ate their usual food for 4 weeks to set their bodies back to how they are at the beginning of the research.”可知，目的是让身体回到研究开始时的状态，确保第一阶段饮食不会影响第二阶段的结果。故选D。 27．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①段引出研究；②段介绍研究的具体开展（时长、参与者饮食安排等）；③段呈现研究结果及相关影响；④⑤⑥段分析超加工食品难减重的原因；⑦段总结研究意义。B选项符合文章结构。故选B。 Passage 6 ①Have you ever been burned by a freshly made molten custard bun (流沙包)? Many people say when the soft skin of molten custard bun feels cool enough to eat, the filling (馅) inside is still “burning hot”. ② ▲ They were surprised to find that the average temperature of the filling can reach 64℃ when the buns are taken out of the steamer. According to scientists, the suggested temperature for food is around 10℃ to 40℃, and food that is over 60℃ can hurt our throat. ③Why does this happen? The secret is in its filling. It isn’t just liquid (液体)—it’s a thick mix of sugar, milk, and egg yolks, which flows (流动) slowly. Because it is not exposed (暴露) to air, once heated, the thick filling keeps heat for a long time. The test shows that after a bun has been out of the steamer for 10 minutes, the temperature inside still remains 58.3℃. Even after 20 minutes, the center still stays warm. ④The temperature difference can be explained using a physics concept called specific heat capacity (比热容). Something with a low specific heat capacity doesn’t hold much heat and cools down fast. Things with a high specific heat capacity take longer to cool down. Usually, liquids hold heat longer than solids (固体). As a molten custard bun’s filling has more water and fat than its skin, it takes more time to fully cool down. ⑤To avoid being burned, it is advised that when serving such hot food, shops can add warning tips like a simple “Caution: Filling is very hot!” sign to remind people. Providing small spoons to allow customers to check the temperature before eating also helps. A little care prevents accidents and makes dining more enjoyable. ⑥For customers, next time you buy a hot bun, let it sit for at least 15 minutes. You can make a small hole on the skin with your chopstick first, letting the filling cool faster. ⑦Now you know why molten custard buns stay hot inside. Remember: the skin may lie, but the science doesn’t. Stay patient and stay safe. Your tongue will thank you for waiting! 28．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．People always wonder why the filling stays so hot for so long. B．Scientists did a test to find out how hot the filling could be. C．A research team studicd how long it took to cool molten custard buns. D．Experts warned that eating hot food quickly could be quite dangerous. 29．After being heated to 80℃, which cools down the most slowly? A． B． C． D． 30．Which “thick” below has the same meaning as the “thick ” in Paragraph 3? A．This book you gave me was thick, with over 500 pages. B．Annie, your mother has very thick black hair! C．The honey was too thick to pour out of the bottle. D．He’s a little thick—he never understands jokes. 31．What is the best structure for the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】28—31 BACC 【解析】本文通过科学原理解释了流沙包馅料为何在包皮冷却后仍保持高温，并提出了避免烫伤的建议。 28．推理判断题。根据“They were surprised to find that the average temperature of the filling can reach 64℃ when the buns are taken out of the steamer.”可知他们惊讶地发现，当面包从蒸笼中取出时，馅料的平均温度可达64℃，可见科学家做了一个测试，选项B“科学家们进行了一项测试，以了解填充物的温度”符合语境。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据“Usually, liquids hold heat longer than solids”可知体比固体保温时间更长，可推知水降温最慢。故选A。 30．词义猜测题。根据“The secret is in its filling. It isn’t just liquid (液体)—it’s a thick mix of sugar, milk, and egg yolks, which flows (流动) slowly”可知它不仅仅是液体——它是糖、牛奶和蛋黄的浓稠混合物，流动缓慢，故thick意为“浓稠的”，和选项C“蜂蜜太浓了，不能从瓶子里倒出来”中的thick意义相近。故选C。 31．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍了科学家做的测试和结果；第三和第四段介绍了出现这种情况的原因；第五和第六段提出了一些建议；第七段进行总结，选项C符合文章结构。故选C。 Passage 7 阅读语篇，用恰当的词块或句子补全摘要中所缺信息。 We are taught from birth to use food to express our feelings. We plan family dinners, treat our friends from far away and make traditional food during festivals. But emotional eating is different. For example, you may eat a lot more than usual when you fail an important exam. You might eat a lot when experiencing the stress from Covid-19. The bad news is that emotional eating will not help you drive away any terrible feelings but might only lower your energy, disturb your sleep and weaken your immunity (免疫力). Luckily, here are some things you can do to avoid emotional eating. First, understand what you are experiencing. If your stomach is growling (咆哮), it is a sign of physical hunger. But if there is no such sign and you still feel hungry, you’d better do a mental check of yourself: Am I experiencing happiness, sadness, fear, or anger? If your answer is yes, it is not your body but your mind that is asking for food. Moreover, when to eat also has a great influence. You should eat meals around the same time each day, and leave about three to five hours apart between meals. If you stick to this plan, you can not only avoid mindless eating but also control your blood sugar and insulin (胰岛素). Last but not the least, remember to avoid blaming (责备) yourself for emotional eating. This only heightens emotions, which can increase the drive to eat. Sometimes a mistake can be a chance to learn how to deal with a similar situation in the future. So try to use a gentle self-talk next time. Follow these suggestions from now on! You can eat well even under great stress! SUMMARY Emotional eating means 32 . It can harm our health by lowering energy, disturbing sleep, and weaken immunity. Here is something you can do. First, tell whether you are experiencing 33 . Second, 34 and stick to it. Lastly, try to be kind to yourself. This is because the more you blame yourself, 35 . 【答案】32．eating too much/a lot more than usual under stress/when you experience bad feelings/emotions 33．physical hunger or mental hunger 34．(you should) make a plan for eating 35．the more you want to eat 【解析】本文主要介绍了情绪化进食的概念及其危害，并提供了避免情绪化进食的建议。 34．根据“But emotional eating is different. For example, you may eat a lot more than usual when you fail an important exam.”可知，情绪化进食指在负面情绪下过量进食的行为。故填eating too much/a lot more than usual under stress/when you experience bad feelings/emotions。 33．根据第三段“do a mental check of yourself...it is not your body but your mind that is asking for food”可知，需区分生理饥饿（physical hunger）和心理饥饿（mental hunger）。故填physical hunger or mental hunger。 34．根据第四段“You should eat meals around the same time each day, and leave about three to five hours apart between meals...If you stick to this plan”可知，应制定并坚持规律的进食计划。故填(you should) make a plan for eating。 35．根据第五段“This only heightens emotions, which can increase the drive to eat”可知，自责会加剧进食欲望。故填the more you want to eat。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $