Unit 4 Everyday Economics 单元测试卷-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册练习手册（外研版）

Unit4单 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5 分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小 题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What are the speakers talking about? A.Work. B.Music C.Their parents. 2.What does Jenny decide to do first? A.Look for a job. B.Go on a trip. C.Get an assistant. 3.How will the woman pay? A.By cash B.By check. C.By credit card. 4.What is the woman unsatisfied with about the dress? A.Its size. B.Its price. C.Its pattern. 5.How does the man usually shop? A.From the Internet. B.From TV. Unit4单元测试卷 元测试卷 C.From physical stores. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独 白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独 白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6.How did the man notice the problem first? A.His bank called him. B.His bill showed him. C.His credit card was stolen. 7.What did the bank do to fix the problem? A.They gave the man his money back at once. B.They asked the man to provide the evidence. C.They decided to talk to the bank's owner. 8.What do the two speakers mainly talk about? A.Information safety. B.Shopping habits. C.Money management. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9.What suggestion does the man make to the woman? A.Check the car herself. 35 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） B.Think ahead before making a decision. C.Ask someone to do the car check. 10.What is true about the car price? A.The woman was given a discount. B.The salesman stuck to the original price. C.The price would be lower if paid in cash. 11.How will the man help the woman? A.Make the payment for her. B.Drive her car home. C.Look after her car. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12.What is the business of the man's company? A.They process natural diamonds. B.They create the biggest diamonds. C.They produce man-made diamonds 13.What is currently the most significant adv- antage of the company? A.The successful marketing team. B.The modern production method. C.The man's global business contacts. 14.How does the woman plan to help people? A.By making jewelry more affordable. B.By resolving problems in the jewelry industry. C.By improving labor conditions at her local mine. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15.How did the man buy his television? A.He went to a store B.He bought it on the Internet. C.He ordered it over the telephone. 16.When did the man get his television? A.On Monday. 36 B.On Wednesday. C.On Thursday. 17.What does the woman promise to do for the man? A.Send him a remote control. B.Change the TV set for him. C.Help him set up the television. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.What should people do to rent a Nice Ride bike? A.Get the membership card. B.Download an app. C.Show the ID card. 19.Which country has the largest bike-share program? A.Australia.B.The US.C.China. 20.How does the US Department of Transpor- tation support cycling? A.Provide thousands of bikes. B.Build on-street bike lanes. C.Start bike-share programs. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）】 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Bike Rental Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam,welcome to MacBike.You see much more from the seat of a bike!Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countless lights.You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam.With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations,we make sure there is always a bike available for you.We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排 挡)，bikes with child seats,.and children's bikes. Prices Hand Brake, Foot Brake, Three Gears No Gears 1 hour €7.50 €5.00 3 hours €11.00 €7.50 1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75 Each additional day €8.00 €6.00 Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill,the Skinny Bridge,the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more.The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 p.m.every day.You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 21.What is an advantage of MacBike? A.It gives children a discount. B.It offers many types of bikes. C.It organizes free cycle tours. Unit4单元测试卷 D.It has over 2,500 rental shops. 22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50. 23.Where does the guided city tour start? A.The Gooyer,Windmill. B.The Skinny Bridge. C.Heineken Brewery. D.Dam Square. B The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate,the first official data on the policy has shown. First announced in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5 g of sugar per 100 mL,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).Itis believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make f520 m a year for the Treasury. However,data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate f240 m for the year ending in April 2019,which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar 37 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers'efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import,depending on the sugar content. However,some high sugar brands,like Classic Coca Cola,have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax,as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1 m litres per year. Today's figures,according to one gover- nment official,show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施)and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,and the industry is playing its part. 24.Why was the sugar tax introduced? A.To collect money for schools. B.To improve the quality of drinks. C.To protect children's health. D.To encourage research in education 25.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A.They turned to overseas markets. B.They raised the prices of their products. 38 N C.They cut down on their production. D.They reduced their products'sugar con- tent. 26.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A.Most alcoholic drinks. B.Milk-based drinks. C.Fruit juices. D.Classic Coke. 27.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A.It is a short-sighted decision. B.It is a success story. C.It benefits manufacturers. D.It upsets customers. Professional courses,such as Masters in International Business or MIB,have been taken by many students in the last two decades. They are choosing new-age unconventional courses that guarantee a better future.MIB is a specialized course that teaches the internati- onal business.There are valid reasons for so much popularity of MIB course. The course content and teaching methods of MIB differ from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.It has been designed with the objective of developing professionals with an in-depth understanding and knowledge of the international trade.The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course. The massive increase in the international business and foreign trade gives excellent job prospects to the new generation.Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities.Those who want to pursue in the field of marketing also have a good future after completing the degree from a MIB college with a good reputation.Big multinati- onal organizations look for talented people who can handle the job of International Marketing Manage,and people with MIB degrees are preferred.The job needs an in- depth understanding of the overseas markets, because it is the strategic post from the aspect of company's international business growth. Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the courses of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well.Typically,organizations offer the position of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the speciali- zation of finance.The specialization covers aspects of international taxes,accounts, budgeting and so on.People in this field are well-paid,and growth prospects are unlimited. After completing degree course from a reputed MIB college,there is a good opportunity in the banking and finance field as well. International banks appoint people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies,currency exchange,and international policies.Thus,MIB is the golden key to success with brilliant job opportunities in national and multinational areas. Unit4单元测试卷 28.How is the second paragraph mainly deve- loped? A.By analyzing causes. B.By proving definitions. C.By making comparisons. D.By providing examples. 29.Why do more and more people intend to acquire a degree of MIB? A.It is required in the colleges. B.It contributes to great job offers. C.It appeals to most of the graduates. D.It helps to start up one's own business. 30.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.People earn more in business field than in finance field. B.The international finance controller is a high-quality job. C.MIB holders are more promising in all careers than others. D.International banks only accept employ- ees from MIB colleges. 31.What's the writer's purpose of writing this article? A.To predict the future trend of the MIB course. B.To describe the development of the MIB course. C.To promote the professional MIB course worldwide. D.To explain why the MIB course is gaining popularity. D In a study published in Personality and 39 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） Social Psychology Bulletin,researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of "free money,"as well as unusually high salaries or suspiciously cheap services,because they seem “too good to be true.” In the initial experiment,nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely- compared with about 20 percent of those offered $5 as well.Nine further experiments, involving more than 4,000 participants,used online questionnaires to present other scenarios. These included being offered money to accept a ride home,extremely high construction-job wages and surprisingly cheap flights.In each case,past a certain point,higher potential monetary gain reduced participants'likelihood of accepting the offer. The study lead author Vonasch says it illustrates that contrary to the "standard econo- mic model",which supposes humans always seek to maximize gains,transactions need to also be understood as social interactions betw- een people trying to understand each other's minds.If someone seems to break accepted rules,such as self-interest,without any expla- nation,we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be“phantom costs” imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer's "psychological value". Factors beyond the present moment may come into play."Understanding that others' perceived over-generosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people's relucta- 40 nce,"says Rachel McCloy,a psychologist at England's University of Reading.The resear- chers also showed how to mitigate the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal.The "cheap flights"experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable."Uncomfortable seats aren't typically a selling point,"Vonasch says."But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient explanation." The scientists are now experimenting with whether phantom costs play into humans' interactions with robots and artificial intellige- nce."If AI is overly generous,will people imagine phantom costs?"Vonasch says. "People tend to treat AI as if they have a mind,when obviously they don't." 32.According to Paragraph 2,the experiments mainly focus on people's A.tinking method B.decision making C.financial condition D.potential ability 33.Why does the author mention "standard economic model"? A.To explain the experiments further. B.To clarify a psychological concept. C.To provide evidence for the study. D.To express doubt on the experiments. 34.What does the underlined word "mitigate" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Analyse. B.Improve. C.Measure. D.Lessen. 35.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Phantom costs:Where "standard econo- mic model"doesn't work B.Phantom costs:Whether people's likeli- hood of accepting an offer reduces C.Phantom costs:Why "too good to be true"scares people off D.Phantom costs:How imagined consequ- ences prevent hidden motives 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出 可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Investing in Yourself Figuring out how to invest your money can be a difficult task.This is something that you will want to learn how to do. 36. Things that will improve your knowledge,skills or health are all great investments.However,before you start,you need to be clear about what you will gain out of doing all of these things. You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education.37. There are some other things you can do as well as buying a gym membership or learning a new skill. So what are some specific things you can do?38. Reading books can really expand your mind and allow you to learn Unit4单元测试卷 different skills and gain knowledge.I'm talking about the books where you will actually learn a new skill,not fiction books. You can also take courses and attend seminars.These programs are taught by people with a high level of knowledge or skill. 39. Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentation. Moreover,investing in yourself is a safe way to keep your money.Although a savings account is seen as the most secure investment, that isn't 100%safe.Even if you never experience your bank closing down,the return is little when inflation(通货膨胀)is taken into consideration.40. But over time, they will show up in terms of your happiness level as well as your level of success. A.The benefits will stay with you. B.This is just one way. C.If you aren't a reader,you should start with that. D.The more you do this,the more valuable you will be. E.The best way to invest your money is to invest it in yourself. F.Of course,you need to do some research before investing. G.When you invest in yourself,you may not see gains right away. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、 41 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Many people tend to bring electronic products when travelling,including me.Last year I just ruined my summer vacation by bringing 41 a modern convenience:the iPad.Instead of looking at nature,I checked my email.Instead of reading great novels,I 42 to reading online newspapers each morning.And that was the problem:I was acting as if I were still in the office.My body was on vacation but my 43 wasn't. So this year I made up my mind to try something 44:getting away from the Internet.I knew it wouldn't be easy,since I'm not good at self-control.But I was 45. I started by 46 the iPad to my wife.Then, a stroke of luck:The mobile phone 47 at our cabin was worse than in the past.I was trapped in a small circle and 48 to carry out my plan.49 cut off from email and my favourite newspaper websites,I had little way to 50 the world.I had no choice but to do what I had planned to do all along:read books. With determination and the strong support of my wife,I succeeded in my vacation 51 against the Internet.I finally realized that it was I,of course,not the iPad, that led to the problem. I knew I had 52 when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi.“Don't need it,”I said.. 53,as we return to work,a test begins: 42 Can I 54 when I'm back at work?I had no 55 of giving up my iPad completely.But I hope to resist the temptation(诱惑)to use it every five minutes 41.A.about B.up C.along D.out 42.A.stuck B.led C.donated D.contributed 43.A.opinion B.identity C.mind D.image 44.A.attractive B.effective C.magical D.different 45.A.unusual B.shocked C.determined D.professional 46.A.defining B.handing C.sending D.confirming 47.A.quality B.download C.signal D.technology 48.A.concerned B.reminded C.inspired D.forced 49.A.Immediately B.Fortunately C.Largely D.Creatively 50.A.give way to B.connect to C.adapt to D.turn to 51.A.comparison B.struggle C.contrast D.protect 52.A.won B.removed C.suffered D.recovered 53.A.Somehow B.Anyway C.However D.Therefore 54.A.function B.forgive C.escape D.continue 55.A.guideline B.intention C.emotion D.measure 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当 的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Internet recently revealed many of China's technological 56. (improve) when Chinese state media claimed that online shopping,high-speed rail,bike sharing and electronic payment systems are China's "four new great inventions".Xinhua News Agency said the country deserved credit for the inventions,57. _(compare)them to the inventions of ancient China:compass, gunpowder,paper,and 58. print). The so-called "four new great inventions" were based 59. last year's survey conducted by the Silk Road Research Institute. In the survey,China's foreign students from 20 countries near the "Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议)”60. ask)to pick China's "four new great inventions"that they wanted their home countries 61. (use).Mean-while, Chinese students said that they just needed to stay focused on their 62. (day)job in an effort to make more contri-butions to our country Xinhua's article notes that it is Chinese people 63. bring the inventions to the world's top level with their intelligence and creativity.Among them,the "four new great inventions"stand out,64. have Unit4单元测试卷 brought people's life much 65. (convenient). 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）】 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy正 在做一份关于中国移动支付(mobile payment)的问卷调查(survey),你是她的 重点采访对象。 内容包括： (1)你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用 移动支付的情况： (2)移动支付带来的好处； (3)你的看法。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 二维码：QR code Dear Lucy, How is your survey on mobile payment going?I'm glad I can help with it. I hope my explanation can be of some help to you.Wish you good luck. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 43 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 第二节（满分25分）》 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段 落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的 短文。 My single mother used to take on several jobs just in order to make ends meet.When I was fifteen years old,she started her own business,and things began to get easier financially.There was no longer a question as to whether she would be able to afford groceries for the week. The following spring,when I was sixteen years old,a new family moved into our neighborhood.The wife,Melissa,quickly made friends with my mother,and the children,though younger than me,became my pals soon.They lived within walking distance of my house,and in summer vacation,I would walk over to their house to watch Disney movies while my mother was at work. One afternoon,I was at their house during lunchtime,and they were generous enough to include me in the meal.Their daughter,ten at the time,requested a glass of milk with her food.Melissa stated,"We are out of milk,and we don't have any more money for groceries this week."She suddenly realized that I was present and explained with a defeated look,“Money has been really tight.” The family had recently moved here from California because Melissa had been offered a good job.However,the position had not worked out,and her husband had to take the 44 first job he could find.They had uprooted their children and moved across the country, leaving behind their relatives and friends,only to end up in trouble.I thought about our own circumstances just a year earlier. Later,I came home with a heavy heart as I reflected on their hardship.I told my mother about the rough time Melissa was experiencing. “Do you think we could help them?”I asked. In response,she immediately opened the cupboard doors and started pulling out food. We searched each cabinet,grabbing bag after bag,can after can.Then we ended in front of the shelf where my mother's precious home- made goods were stored.We found a sizable box and packed it with a lot of groceries. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Then we drove to our friends'house,made our way to the door with our box and bags,and knocked eagerly. Paragraph 2: Looking at my mother,I felt proud to be the daughter of this incredible woman.高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 62.given【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种力 量来自“四书”中所提供的观念。the ideas与give之间 为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 given。 63.more【解析】考查比较级。句意：“四书”是 依照“五经”的编纂中所体现的更为早期的思想而著成 的。根据句意及空前的“even”可知，此处应用比较级 形式。故填more。 64.what【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子结构 可知，设空处在此引导宾语从句，作learns的宾语，设 空处在句中作主语，且此处表示“所…的事物”。故 填whato 65.to further【解析】考查不定式。句意：目前，中 国已经采取措施来促进中国文化的传播。分析句子结构 可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，故应用不定式形式。 further在此用作动词，意为“促进，增进”。故填to fur- thero 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）》 Dear Sir, I have just finished travelling in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.The scenery there is really beautiful,but it is suf- fering from damages due to natural forces such as frequent sandstorms.What's worse.some tourists even carve their names on the walls,making me heartbroken. I strongly feel it significant to protect cultural her- itage.For one thing,cultural heritage,which is the witness to the historical development,is an important basis for his- torical research.For another,it is likely to provide a source of tourism income,if maintained well. So I hope the authorities can take measures to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. I would appreciate it if my suggestions were accepted. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: The car stopped right in front of my dad.He opened the door and I jumped out of the car and hugged him.He noticed that I was worried right away.With a smile on his face,he told us he had a surprise for us.What good things happen in hospital?When we approached the ward,my dad told my brother and me to close our eyes and hold his hands.So we did.His warm hands made us feel more se- cure. Paragraph 2: We walked down the hall with our eyes closed.Sud- denly we stopped.When we walked into the room,Dad told us to open our eyes.We saw our mother lying on the bed.Tears welled up in my eyes,but I was not in pain. Right next to my mother was the most beautiful thing I had ever seen.It was a girl.She was sleeping.She was my sis- ter.I still remember that day as one of the happiest days of my life. 120 >"Unit4单元测试卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1~5 ABACC 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 6~10 BBACA 11~15 BCBBB 16~20 CAACB Text 1 W:You look sad.What's up? M:My parents don't let me decide my work.They want me to be a lawyer or a teacher but I'm not interested in either of them.I just love music.But my parents think it can't be a job. Text 2 M:Jenny,there's an opening for an assistant manager in our company.You should give it a try. W:Thank you George,but I've decided to travel a bit before finding another job. Text 3 W:Can I have the bill,please? M:Yes,please wait a moment.Here you are. W:Can I pay by credit card? M:Sorry,we only accept cash. Text 4 M:This dress looks very nice on you.And it fits per- fectly. W:Yeah,it fits,and the price is reasonable,but I usu- ally wear plain colors.I'm not used to this kind of pattern. Text 5 W:Did you watch Li's live broadcast last night?I want to buy everything he recommended. M:Hmm...I don't like shopping online or on TV.I'm used to going to physical stores.I used to buy things online which were far from what I wanted. Text 6 M:I can't believe this.I have been on the phone with my bank all day and they still haven't fixed my problem. W:Is it a credit card problem? M:Yes.My credit card information was stolen.When I got my bill in the mail,I saw there were many unfamiliar purchases on it. W:That's terrible.Did they take a lot of money? M:Yes,and I am very upset because the bank is not helping me quickly.I have talked to many different man- agers already. W:Doesn't the bank's owner need to make the deci- sion to give you your money back? M:No.I just have to prove that these purchases were not made by me. W:I hope you can fix this problem soon.Something similar happened to my husband's mother recently.She was tricked into giving away some important information over the phone. M:I think the person who stole my information got it from the Internet.I bought a collection of movies recently. I won't be doing that again unless the website is sure to be safe.It's honestly my fault for being careless. W:You can never be too careful.Well,your problem is inspiring me to look into protecting my account better.I think I can pay my bank more to help me. Text 7 W:Don't you think the car we saw yesterday would be a good deal? M:Yes,but you'd better ask someone who knows cars to have a look just to be certain. W:Robert is a car lover,and he offered to check the car this morning. M:It was wise of you to think of that in advance. Then,what's the price? W:Well,I made a bargain with the salesman,and he finally accepted the discounted price I asked. M:That's good.How would you pay for it? W:Mmm,I've saved up enough money,so I think I will pay in cash. M:Good.Why not let me go with you to make the payment and then drive the car home for you. W:It's so kind of you.That would be much easier for me. M:You're welcome.Let's go take care of that right now. Text 8 W:I've been in the jewelry and diamond industry for over six years.This is the first time I've been interviewed by a company like yours. M:Well,we do things differently at our company. Natural diamond mines have caused wars and abuse of workers,and we've mastered the art of creating them in a laboratory. W:I've heard about your human-made diamonds.May I see some? M:Of course.Come and have a look.With the mod- ern technology,these laboratory diamonds are up to 99.9% identical to earth-mined diamonds. W:They're beautiful.You weren't lying.You could change the world with these M:I know.Our manufacturing and jewelry creation process becomes more efficient every day.We just need someone with industry contacts,like you,to spread the word. W:Yes,and we'll create a marketing team together.I also want to stop the damage that some diamond mines have done to poorer communities worldwide. M:With this production system and your knowledge, we may not beat out the biggest companies,but we'll sure- ly transform the diamond business for the better. Text 9 M:Hi,I'm calling about a television I ordered from your online shop. W:Yes,sir.So what is the problem? M:I was told it would arrive in two days-that would 参考答案。 be on Monday,and it didn't arrive until today.That's three days late. W:I'm sorry about that.And how is it going with the TV set now? M:I haven't turned it on.When I set it up,I found there was no remote control in the box. W:Actually some of the models do not have remote controls. M:But the remote control is listed as one of the things that is supposed to be included on the list. W:In that case,we will be happy to send you a new remote control as soon as possible. Text 10 Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library,a row of green bikes sits parked in a special stand.Each bike is designed with the logo "Nice Ride"-the name of the city's bike-share program.Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow.To rent a bike,you simply need your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station.Members can rent one of 1.200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesota's(明尼苏达州) largest city.People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business,or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths.The rise of bike-share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving.Increasing gas prices and concerns about the envi- ronment have also gotten people to travel by bike.Bike- share systems are found around the world in cities like London,Paris,Barcelona,and Melbourne,Australia.The largest program with 70,000 bikes is in Wuhan,China.To make roads friendlier to non-motorists,the US Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling in recent years.The money went toward building thousands of miles of on-street bike lanes(道路内自行车 车道)called greenways. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 21~25 BCDCD 26~30 DBCBB 31~35 DBADC 21.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡)，bikes with child seats,and children's bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本 自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行 车和儿童自行车。)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供 了许多类型的自行车。故选B。 22.C【解析】细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一 辆带手刹和三挡的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增 加的天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三挡的自行 车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。 23.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour,start- ing at 1:00p.m.every day.(旅游团每小时从大坝广场出 发，每天下午1点开始。)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝 广场开始。故选D。 121 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 24.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fist announced in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5 g of sugar per 100 mL,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.(该税于20l6 年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5克的软 饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。)”可知，征收糖税的目 的是帮助儿童减少肥胖，保护儿童健康。故选C。 25.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“t comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax..(此前，制造商已经降低了商店 中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。)” 可知，一些饮料公司通过降低产品的含糖量来避税。故 选D。 26.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的 "However,some high sugar brands,like Classic Coca Cola have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax,as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1 m litres per year (然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了 糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以 牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生 产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。)”可知，糖税主 要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D。 27.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“To- day's figures,according to one government official,show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising mil- lions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.(根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了 糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集 了数百万英镑。)”可知，糖税政策带来了积极影响。由 此推知，糖税政策是一个成功的政策。故选B。 28.C【解析】推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“The course content and teaching methods of MIB differ from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.(MIB 的课程内容和教学方法与普通MBA或工商管理硕士有 很大的不同。)”以及本段最后一句“The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course..(与传统的MBA学位课程相比，该课程提供了 各种优势。)”可知本段主要是通过对比MIB和MBA课 程之间的区别来展开的。故选C。 29.B【解析】细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Bg multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job of International Marketing Manage,and people with MIB degrees are preferred.(大型跨国公司寻 找能胜任国际营销管理工作的人才，具有MB学位者 优先。)”可知，越来越多的人学习B课程的主要原 因是它有助于提供出色的工作机会。故选B。 30.B【解析】细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到 "Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the courses of MIB,students have great job offers in the field of finance as well.Typically,organizations offer the position of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance.(由于商 业金融和经济学在MB的课程中有详细的介绍，学生 们在金融领域也有很好的工作机会。通常，组织会向那 些完成MB的金融专业人员提供国际金融总监的职 位。)”可知，国际财务总监是一份高质量的工作。故 选B。 31.D【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“MB is a specialized course that teaches the international busi- ness.There are valid reasons for so much popularity of MIB course.(MIB是一门教授国际商务的专业课程。 MB课程如此受欢迎是有正当理由的。)”可知，作者写 这篇文章的目的是解释为什么MB课程越来越受欢迎。 故选D。 32.B【解析】推理判断题。由文章第二段“nthe initial experiment,nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely-compared with about 20 percent of those offered $5 as well.Nine further experiments,involv- ing more than 4,000 participants,used online questionnaires to present other scenarios.These included being offered money to accept a ride home,extremely high construction- job wages and surprisingly cheap flights.In each case,past a certain point,higher potential monetary gain reduced par- ticipants'likelihood of accepting the offer.(在最初的实验 中，近40%的参与者吃了免费提供的饼干，相比之下， 提供5美元的参与者中约有20%吃了饼干。另外九项实 验，涉及4000多名参与者，使用在线问卷来呈现其他 场景。这些条件包括给钱让他们搭车回家，极高的建筑 工作工资，以及便宜得惊人的机票。在每种情况下，超 过某一点，更高的潜在金钱收益降低了参与者接受提议 的可能性。)”可知，实验主要关注人们的决策过程，即 “决策制定”。故选B。 33.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“The study lead author Vonasch says it illustrates that contrary to the 'standard economic model',which supposes humans al- ways seek to maximize gains,transactions need to also be understood as social interactions between people trying to understand each other's minds.If someone seems to break accepted rules.such as self-interest,without any explana- tion,we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be 'phantom costs'-imagined consequences that re- duce what Vonasch calls an offer's psychological value'." (该研究的主要作者Vonasch说，这表明，与‘标准经 济模型’相反，交易也需要被理解为人们试图了解彼此 思想的社会互动。·标准经济模型’假设人类总是寻求 利益最大化。如果有人似乎违反了公认的规则，比如自 利，而没有任何解释，我们就会假设他们有隐藏的动 机，并推断会有‘幻影成本·一一想象的后果会降低 Vonasch所说的报价的‘心理价值'。)”可知，作者在第 三段中提到“standard economic model'”是为了进一步解 释实验，帮助读者理解人们的决策过程。故选A。 34.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Factors beyond the present moment may come into play.'Under- standing that others'perceived over-generosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people's reluctance. says Rachel McCloy,a psychologist at England's Universi- ty of Reading.The researchers also showed how to mitigate the effect:simply provide a reason for the deal..(当下以外 的因素可能会起作用。英国雷丁大学的心理学家雷切 尔·麦克洛伊说：‘理解别人的过度慷慨可能会让我们 亏欠他们，这也有助于解释人们的不情愿。’研究人员 还展示了如何mitigate这种影响：简单地提供一个交易 的理由。)”可知，理解别人的过度慷慨可能会让我们亏 欠他们，这也有助于解释人们的不情愿，简单地提供 个交易的理由是为了减轻这种影响，因此mitigate在这 里的意思是“减少，减轻”。A.Analyse分析；B.m- prove改进；C.Measure测量；D.Lessen减少，减轻。 故选D。 35.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文 章第一段“in a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of free money',as well as unusually high salaries or suspiciously cheap services,because they seem‘too good to be true'.(在《人格与社会心理学公 报》上发表的一项研究中，研究人员发现，人们倾向于 拒绝‘免费的钱'，以及异常高的薪水或可疑的廉价服 务，因为它们看起来‘好得令人难以置信'。)”可知， 文章主要介绍了人们面对看似“好得令人难以置信”的 报价时的心理反应，即因为担心存在隐藏的代价而拒绝 接受。选项C“Phantom costs:Why‘too good to be true'scares people off(幻影成本：为什么‘好得令人难 以置信'会吓跑人们)”准确地概括了文章的主旨，符 合题意。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36~40 EBCFG 36.E【解析】根据后一句以及第三段第一句可知」 这一段主要讲投资的最好方式就是投资自己。故选E。 37.B【解析】根据后文“There are some other things you can do.”可知，前面所提到的教育投资仅仅是其中 种方式。故选B。 38.C【解析】根据后文“Reading books can really expand your mind..”可知，前一句应当是建议读书。故 选C。 39.F【解析】根据后文“Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentation.”可知，项 目众多，所以在投资前你应先做些调查。故选F。 40.G【解析】根据后文“But over time,they wil训 show up(但随着时间流逝，它们将会出现)”可知，自 我投资的效益可能不会立即显现出来。故选G。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41~45 CACDC 46~50 BCDCB 51~55 BACDB 41.C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。bring along意为 “携带”。故选C。 42.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A.stuck坚持； B.led导致；C.donated捐献；D.contributed贡献。根据 “reading online newspapers each morning”可知，此处是 指每天早上都坚持看网络报纸。故选A。 43.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身体 在度假，但我的大脑没有。故选C。 44.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以今 年我决定尝试一些不同的东西：远离互联网。故选D。 参考答案。 45.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我下 定了决心。故选C。 46.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。因为“我”自控 力差，所以把Pad交给妻子。故选B。 47.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们客舱 的手机信号比以前更差了。因为手机信号很差，Pad也 已经上交，所以“我”只能读书。故选C。 48.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被困在 一个小圈子里，被迫执行我的计划。故选D。 49.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。此处是指在很大 程度上没有了电子邮件和新闻网站。故选C。 50.B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很大程 度上没有了电子邮件和我最喜欢的新闻网站，我几乎没 有办法与世界联系。故选B。 51.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。此处是指与互联 网的斗争。故选B。 52.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据“Don't need it(不需要)”可知，此处是指“我”赢了。故选A。 53.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。此处是指虽然 “我”赢了，但是回去工作时要面临是否要继续远离互 联网的测试。故选C。 54.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。此处是指在回去 工作时是否要继续远离互联网。故选D。 55.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据“ButI hope to resist the temptation (to use it every five minutes.”可知，“我”并没有打算完全放弃Pad。故 选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56.improvements 57.comparing 58.printing 59.on 60.were asked 61.to use 62.daily 63.that/ who 64.which 65.convenience 56.improvements【解析】根据句意，这里需要填写 名词复数。故填improvements。 57.comparing【解析】考查非谓语动词。主语Xin- hua News Agency与compare是主动关系，所以用现在 分词。故填comparing。 58.printing【解析】考查非谓语动词。所缺词和 compass,.gunpowder,paper并列，所以用动名词printing。 59.on【解析】考查介词。be based on意为“以 …为基础”。故填printing。 60.were asked【解析】考查被动语态。根据上文可 知，本句用一般过去时，主语China's foreign students 和谓语动词ask是被动关系。故填were asked。 61.to use【解析】考查非谓语动词。want sb.todo sth.意为“想要某人做某事”。故填to use。 62.daiy【解析】考查形容词。此处表示“日常 的”。故填daily。 63.that/who【解析】考查强调句式“Itis.that/who+ 其他成分”，强调主语Chinese people。故填that/who。 64.which【解析】此处是非限定性定语从句，先行 词是the“four new great inventions'”,关系词在从句中 作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 65.convenience【解析】考查名词。bring sb.sth.带 给某人某物，名词作宾语，convenient的名词是conve- nience。故填convenience。 123 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）》 Dear Lucy, How is your survey on mobile payment going?I'm glad I can help with it. It is generally believed that China is the largest mobile payment market.Nowhere else is the cashless trend more obvious than in China.Most of us are used to paying by scanning QR codes whatever we buy-books,clothes,and electronic devices,to name a few,which is a glimpse into the life of most Chinese like me and my family. With the widespread use of mobile payment,it is the most convenient and safest way to pay.We rarely need to carry a wallet or cash at all.Besides,never will we worry about getting fake notes or having to count change.In short,mobile payment has greatly changed people's lives in China. Personally,I think mobile payment should be encour- aged.First,it has won over consumers with its conve- nience.Another advantage is that there are often discounts if you make mobile payment,as major online payment platforms are competing to have more consumers use their service. I hope my explanation can be of some help to you. Wish you good luck. Yours faithfully. Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: Then we drove to our friends'house,made our way to the door with our box and bags,and knocked eagerly.When they opened the door,all four of them were there,clearly surprised by our visit.As we stepped inside the kitchen, they found the box,and the parents'jaws nearly dropped. Handing the items over to them,my mother said,"We just wanted to bless you."Then my mother hugged the wife and patted her softly on the shoulder.After that,my mother naturally helped her friend to put the groceries in place, smiling at her friend from time to time. Paragraph 2: Looking at my mother,I felt proud to be the daughter of this incredible woman.She was the one who had worked so hard to pay for the groceries that she didn't hesitate to give to those in need.Because of her,we were able to share this amazing experience.What a great example she set for me that day!Though our intention was to bless our friends, thirteen years later I still feel like I'm the one who re- ceived the greatest blessing:one of my most cherished memories with my mother. >"Unit5单元测试卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）》 1~5 ABABA 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 124 6~10 BBABA 11~15 CABAC 16~20 AACBA Text 1 M:Have you heard about the wildfires near Los An- geles? W:Yes.I read an article about them in the news this morning.They're spreading very fast due to strong winds. Many people have been forced to leave their homes. Text 2 M:We hear so much about the consequences of hav- ing too much waste plastic around us,don't we? W:Indeed,not only does it cause a mess,but also wildlife,particularly ocean animals are at risk when they eat it. M:Can't agree more!We should use plastics as little as possible. Text 3 M:What were you doing at that time? W:I was cooking some eggs.Suddenly the table be- gan to move.The cups fell onto the ground and were bro- ken.The light went out suddenly.I couldn't help crying. M:Did you go out at once? W:No,I couldn't find my way in the darkness.So I stayed in the bathroom. Text 4 W:Have you seen the sea? M:Of course I have!It's all around us. W:No!I mean,have you seen how dirty the water is?It looks as if it isn't clean enough to swim here. Text 5 W:Every year,there are a large number of forest fires,and the causes are not mysterious. M:Yeah.Most of them are caused by human activi- ties,like people throwing away burning cigarettes. Text 6 W:Are you making preparations for the typhoon? This year is going to be a bad one. M:I heard the government expects over 200 million in damages.How will we recover?I remember supplies were short when the last typhoon happened.People bought toilet paper in advance,and they sold it at double the price after- wards,even though that's illegal. W:I find it funny that no matter how advanced our society gets,nature can still cause some real damage. M:That's why I'm planning to get these plastic sheets to cover my windows in case they break Text 7 M:Whoa!Did you just feel that earthquake? W:Yeah!It felt like a pretty big one! M:I've never experienced an earthquake before.I have to admit that I was pretty scared just now. W:Ah!It was no big deal.That one was tiny com- pared to some of the ones when I was a kid. M:What was the biggest one that you remember? W:Well,in 1989,there was a huge one.I think it measured 7.1 on the Richter scale.I remember the whole