Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册练习手册（外研版）

高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） Section lll Using language 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.uncharted 2.progress 3.optional 4.visionary 5.investigation;调查的 二、单句语法填空 1.what 2.what 3.that 4.whether 5.that 6.which 7.Whether 8.What 9.that 10.that 三、短语英汉互译 1.fall into ruin 2.make a getaway 3.run for one's life 4.check out 5.the unknown 6.think twice 7. 水，试探8.避开；从…脱身9.动身踏上旅途 10.积极投人到…11.避免做，不愿做12.调查 问题 拓展训练 阅读理解 A:1~4 DABC B:1~4 DABC Section IV Developing ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.vary;variety 2.remaining;remains 3.discovery 4.exploration 5.attempted 二、单句语法填空 1.into 2.to do 3.out 4.checked 5.Living 6.given 7.had done 8.conducted 三、短语英汉互译 1.up to 2.at the rate of 3.be equivalent to 4.in extreme circumstances 5.limited knowledge 6.the re- maining streets7.了解…的窗户8.海岸线外9.非 人类探险所能及10.一个全新的纪元11.大约三百万 艘12.火山口 四、句子英汉互泽 1.每艘船都代表了若干世纪以来探索地球最远端的 努力尝试。 2.据悉，在4世纪，奈阿波利斯被一场海啸淹没， 其废墟至今已有近2000年的历史。 3.存留下来的街道、建筑为我们打开了一扇窗，让 我们得以窥见那段辉煌的历史。 4.然而这里仍有生命存在，甚至在深海海底的火山 口周围也有生命。 5.这些深海发现帮助我们理解地球上生命的承受 力，甚至是在最极端的环境下的承受力。 6.最值得一提的便是中国在南海发现的冰状物 质—一可燃冰。 7.借助这些潜水器所完成的研究有利于科学家进 步了解海床的形成过程，帮助确定深海钻探区域，将深 108 海勘探带入一个崭新的时代。 8.We are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure,darkness and extreme cold at vast depths. 9.Amazing biological discoveries are also being made. 10.Through closer international scientific,economic and cultural cooperation,we are all becoming part of a global mission to open up our planet's final frontier. 11.Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic dis- covery. 12.The world beneath the waves may one day be al- most as familiar to us as the land we walk upon today. 五、句式转换 1.The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to 90 per cent of the planet's fish. 2.In these waters,more than 200 metres deep,where light cannot reach,are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction. 3.Fragments of the past lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered. 4.Furthermore,the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources,some of which are completely new to us. 5.Being a tough environment of complete darkness, enormous pressure and intense cold,the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration. 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A:1~4 CABD Ⅱ.完形填空 1~5 BCAAD 6~10 CCDAB 11~15 BDBAD Ⅲ.语法填空 1.which 2.is thought 3.understanding 4.have been working 5.observable 6.suggested 7.an 8.but 9.if 10.resolving Section V Presenting ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.coincident 2.fancy 3.number 4.volcano 二、单句语法填空 1.with 2.hitting 3.that 4.Burying 5.expan- sion 6.ruins 7.playing 8.to 9.to investigate 10.out 三、短语英汉互译 1.at a similar time 2.develop advanced techniques 3.volcanic eruption 4.lack concrete evidence 5.cause earthquakes6.北纬30度7.对这些理论提出质疑 8.令人印象深刻的自然景观9.单一超级文明10.许 多古代文明遗址Section IV D 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.various（ad.)多种多样的→ (.)变化→ (n.)变体，种类 2.remain(.)剩下，保持→ （ad.)剩下的→ (n.)残骸， 遗迹 3.discover(.)发现→ (n.)发现 4.explore(.)探索→ (n.)探索 5.attempt(n./.)努力，尝试→ (ad山)尝试的，未遂的 二、单句语法填空 1.The police are looking the disap- pearance of these two boys. 2.She has achieved what she set out (do)three years ago. 3.If you come across waste paper thrown of a passing car,pick it up. 4.Claire had her luggage (check) an hour before her plane took off. 5. (live)next to us are a group of young men working in an IT company. 6.If (give)more care and atten- tion,the boy would not have gone that far on the wrong path. 7.Jack wasn't saying anything,but the teacher smiled at him as if he do) something very clever. 8.The research,_ (conduct)by Ts- inghua University,shows that different par- Unit 5 Into the unknown - veloping ideas ents have different approaches to these problems. 三、短语英汉互译 1.多达 2.以…的速度 3.与…相等 4.在极端环境下 5.有限的认知 6.存留下来的街道 7.a window into 8.off the coast 9.beyond the reach of human exploration 10.a whole new era 11.an estimated three million shipwrecks 12.volcanic openings 四、句子英汉互译 1.All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's furthest corners. 2.Believed to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD,the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2,000 years old. 3.The remaining streets and buildings offer a window into a fascinating period in our history. 练(83 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 4.Yet there is still life to be found,even around the deep-sea volcanic openings. 5.These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet,even in the most extreme circumstances 6.Most notable of these is China's discovery of an ice-like substance,known as "fire ice",under the South China Sea. 7.The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed,as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling, taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era. 8.我们才刚刚开始克服广袤的海洋深处的压 强、黑暗和极寒所带来的挑战。 9.生物学领域也有惊人的发现。 10.通过更紧密的国际科学、经济以及文化 合作，我们都在成为开拓地球最后疆域 这一全球使命的参与者。 (84)练 11.人类正走向海洋发现的新时代。 12.或许有朝一日，我们会像熟悉脚下的土 地一样熟悉那海浪下的世界。 五、句式转换 想想看，教材中是怎样表达相同意思 的？都使用了什么句子结构或表达方式？ 1.Perhaps as many as 90%of the fish on earth live in the dark areas of the ocean. 2.In the deep water more than 200 metres below and out of the sun,there are some strange creatures that look like they have just come out of science fiction. 3.Fragments of the past are still hidden deep at the bottom of the ocean,waiting to be discovered. 4.In addition,the ocean also contains precious natural resources;some are completely new to us. 5.The deep-sea area has a bad environment, complete darkness,great pressure and ex- treme cold,which has been beyond the reach of human exploration for a long time. 六、小练笔 你认为海洋探险对社会和个人生活有什 么影响？关于保护海洋，你有什么好的建 议？请写到你的小练笔本上。 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans-between 4.8 and 12.7 million tons enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a differ- ence?Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculp- tures out of plastic garbage,forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. At the beginning of the year,the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse,.”a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves,frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups,the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City,Viet- nam. Just 9%of global plastic waste is recy- cled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源)of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and,because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.Every straw that's Unit 5 Into the unknown part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone,the straw will take centuries to disappear. In a piece from 2018,Von Wong wanted to illustrate a specific statistic:Every 60 seconds,a truckload's worth of plastic en- ters the ocean.For this work,titled "Truck- load of Plastic,"Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic,which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once. Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint. ()1.What are Von Wong's artworks intended for? A.Beautifying the city he lives in. B.Introducing eco-friendly products. C.Drawing public attention to plas- tic waste. D.Reducing garbage on the beach. ()2.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3? A.To show the difficulty of their recycling. B.To explain why they are useful. C.To voice his views on modern art. D.To find a substitute for them. ()3.What effect would "Truckload of Plastic"have on viewers? A.Calming.B.Disturbing. C.Refreshing.D.Challenging. 练(85 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） )4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Artists'Opinions on Plastic Safety B.Media Interest in Contemporary Art C.Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies D.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures Ⅱ.完形填空 I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper.“You can't go there,”the innkeep- er 1 me with a smile."The viewing plat- form has been closed due to 2 that too many visitors could cause geological damage." Though disappointed,we3 an alterna- tive:a seven-hour hike through the "funnel forest".Initially,we were 4 to run the risk. However,I had 5 the tourism motto in the nature reserve:"If you don't do it now,you won't do it in your lifetime."Three of our group6 decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing 7 “Great.Bear Grylls went there.” The next morning,we set off with a local 8.Rain came and went three times,and before I actually 9 to climb over the first mountain,I had already got wet to the skin.I was a walking 10 of mud and water. Our guide,in his 50s,behaved like a botanist,introducing the locally specific plants to us,but I was hardly in the 11.Every step sank into the muddy,sucking ground.Ev- (86)练 ery log or rock in front of us was a physical 12."One can never reach those places without strong willpower,"I murmured,recit- ing that millennium-old 13,over and over again. Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our 14 Thinking of them leading to an unknown world,I began to 15 the road that I can control even more. Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking. ）l.A.motivated B.told C.followed D.favored ( ）2.A.surroundings B.matters C.concerns D.conclusions )3.A.worked out B.took in C.poured out D.broke down ）4.A.unwilling B.ambitious C.bound D.modest (）5.A.anticipated B.promoted C.interpreted D.noticed ( ）6.A.shortly B.lately C.eventually D.severely ）7.A.taste B.trick C.smile D.temper ( ）8.A.botanist B.keeper C.farmer D.guide ( ）9.A.managed B.exposed C.subscribed D.yielded ）l0.A.adaptation B.mixture C.antique D.presentation (）11.A.zone B.mood C.angle D.peak ）12.A.association B.adaptation C.participation D.challenge (）l3.A.prediction B.line C.trace D.comfort ）14.A.route B.landmark C.platform D.intervention ）l5.A.guarantee B.occupy C.reveal D.appreciate Ⅲ.语法填空 Recent findings from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)in Arizona, which produced the largest 3D map of the universe,suggest that dark energy-the myste- rious force driving the universe's accelerated expansion-might change over time.This challenges the standard model of cosmology (宇宙学)，1. assumes a steady ac- celeration. Dark energy 2. （think)to make up nearly 70%of the cosmos,so if its behaviour really is changing as time passes,it could have significant implications for our 3. (understand)of the universe. Since the DESI data came out,re- searchers 4. (work)on ways to ex- plain the apparent changes in the universe's expansion rate.Dark energy isn't directly 5. (observe),so there are several options that could fit.One solution 6. suggest)by Michael Garda at the Federal Unit 5 Into the unknown University in Brazil and his colleagues involves letting dark energy interact with dark matter, 7. invisible and abundant form of matter that outweighs ordinary matter.This in- teraction is forbidden in the standard model, 8. if energy could flow from the universe's dark matter to its dark energy-es- sentially changing the former to the latter-the researchers'simulations(模拟)showed that this would match the DESI measurements. Yet,the mechanism for such an energy trans- fer isn't clear. This solution might also help resolve the Hubble tension,a difference in the ways we measure the expansion rate of the cosmos. Measurements of this made by analyzing nearby galaxies(known as“local'”measure-. ments)give an expansion rate,or Hubble constant,which is slightly higher than the one obtained from the cosmic microwave back- ground (CMB)-the remaining radiation from the early universe.CMB measurements rely on a theoretical model of cosmic evolution,which may need adjustment 9. Garda's pro- posal is correct.By allowing energy transfer between dark matter and dark energy,the adjusted model could bring CMB-based estimates more closely into line with local measurements,potentially 10. (re- solve)the tension. 练(87