Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas&Ⅴ Presenting ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册练习手册（外研版）

N 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） Section IV D 基础巩固 一、词性转化 l.academy(n.)学会，研究院→ (ad.)学术的→ （n.)学术水 平→ (ad.)学术上，学业上 2.aggression(n.)挑衅，侵略→ (a山.)好斗的，挑衅的 3.intellect(n.)智力，思维能力→ (ad.)智力的，脑力的→ (n.) 智力→ (ad.)智能的，聪明的 4.associate(u.)使…联系起来→ (ad山.)联合的→ (n.)协会， 联盟 5.emerge(.)出现→ (n.)出现， 显现 6.invade(u.)侵略→ (n.)侵略 者，侵略军→ (n.)侵略，入侵 7.glory(n.)辉煌的成就，荣耀→ (ad.)光荣的，辉煌的 8.dedicate(u.)致力于，献身于→ (ad.)专注的，献身的→ (n.) 奉献 9.represent(v.)代表，描绘→ (n.)代表，描绘→ (n./ad.)代 表性人物/有代表性的，典型的 10.collect(u.)收集，采集，聚集→ (ad山)集体的，共同的→ （n.) 收藏家，收集者→ (n.）收藏 品，收集物 40)练 eveloping ideas 1l.mountain(n.)山，高山→ (ad.)多山的，山一般的 12.resist(u.)阻挡，抵制→ (a山.)抵制的，反抗的→ (n.) 反对，抵制 二、单句语法填空 1.The singer is regarded as a (rep- resent)of the youth of her generation. 2.Any new company is seen as an (invade)in an already competitive market. 3.Social science is a_ (collect)name, covering a series of individual sciences. 4.Your talent and (dedicate)to this project have been truly impressive. 5.The students return in October for the start of the new (academy)year. 6.Elderly people are not always (resist)to change. 7.These symptoms are particularly (associate)with headaches. 8.Nowadays tractors are used even in remote (mountain)regions. 9.We are now engaged in a great and most (glory)cause. 10.The research shows that computer games may cause (aggressive). 三、短语英汉互译 1.指的是 2.为…奠定基础 3.被…占用 4.照亮，点亮 5.因为，由于 6.难怪 7.担任，起…作用 8.在现代 9.immense challenges 10.an epic journey. 11.bring disaster to 12.hold down 13.at war 14.a sense of commitment 15.crowning glory 16.collective memory 四、句子英汉互译 1.What he said was another immense cha- llenge 2.Her job was to serve as a gatekeeper. 3.The sheep had been packed into a truck and transported without food or water. 4.The hotel's crowning glory was a stunning roof garden! 5.We are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job. 6.He took a dictionary to hold down the test papers for fear that they might be blown away. 7.难怪他们能在别人心里树立一个美好形象。 Unit 3 War and peace 8.我们在学校学到的将为我们的将来打下 基础 9.它们也可以指流行文化和新文化趋势。 10.但我认为人们希望看到孩子打开礼物时 脸上露出笑容。 五、句式转换 想想看，教材中是怎样表达相同意思 的？都使用了什么句子结构或表达方式？ 1.Along the journey to Lianda,professors and students had no place to live in and they had to sleep on the road.They were often threatened by the Japanese bombings,from which they had no protection. 2.They had to live in very basic buildings, with each room containing 40 people,so that there was very little space for each per- son. 3.Lianda no longer exists,because it was the war that caused it to be created.But it has become China's most respected university, not only because of the excellent professors and students,but also because of the school's strong values of determination and duty. 练 41 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） 4.All Chinese people have remembered Lian- da.Modern Chinese universities are still in- spired by Lianda today. 六、小练笔 在你看来，联大精神具体体现在哪些方 面？这些精神对你又有哪些帮助？请写到你 的小练笔本上。 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰)in his open office,he said, "That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street-so I can focus."His comment struck me as strange. After all,coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局).But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works. The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background,from total silence to50 decibels(分贝），70 decibels,and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the groups were statistically 42)练 insignificant;however,the participants in the 70 decibels group-those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups.Since the effects were small,this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. But since the results at 70 decibels were significant,the study also suggests that the right level of background noise-not too loud and not total silence-may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander,without making it impossible to focus.This kind of "distracted focus"appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks. So why do so many of us hate our open offices?The problem may be that,in our offices,we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others'conversations while we're trying to focus.Indeed,the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process,and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions. ()1.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space? A.It helps him concentrate. B.It blocks out background noise. C.It has a pleasant atmosphere. D.It encourages face-to-face inter- actions. ()2.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability? A.Total silence.B.50 decibels. C.70 decibels.D.85 decibels. ()3.What makes an open office unwel- come to many people? A.Personal privacy unprotected. B.Limited working space. C.Restrictions on group discussion. D.Constant interruptions. ()4.What can we infer about the author from the text? A.He's a news reporter. B.He's an office manager. C.He's a professional designer. D.He's a published writer. B(2022年北京卷)》 "What would the world be if there were no hunger?"It's a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students.They found it hard to answer,she wrote later,because imagining something that isn't part of real life-and learning how to make it real-is a rare skill.It is taught to artists and engineers, but much less often to scientists.Crystal set out to change that,and helped to create a global movement.The result-an approach known as systems thinking-is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges. Unit 3 War and peace Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced,processed,delivered and consumed,and looking at how those things intersect(交叉)with human health, the environment,economics and society. According to systems thinking,changing the food system-or any other network-requires three things to happen.First,researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second,they must work out how they relate to each other;and third,they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system. Take nutrition.In the latest UN report on global food security,the number of undernourished(营养不良)people in the world has been rising,despite great advances in nutrition science.Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar,fat and the occurrence of common diseases.But using machine learning and artificial intelligence,some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals-and that the vast majority are not known.This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking which,in this example,is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system. A systems approach to creating change is 练 (43 N 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power.But as some researchers find,the food system is not an equal one.A good way to redress(修正)such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach. More researchers,policymakers and repre- sentatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach.Crystal knew that visions alone don't produce results,but concluded that "we'll never produce results that we can't envision". ()1.The author uses the question under- lined in Paragraph 1 to A.illustrate an argument B.highlight an opinion C.introduce the topic D.predict the ending ()2.What can be inferred about the field of nutrition? A.The first objective of systems thinking hasn't been achieved. B.The relationships among players have been clarified. C.Machine learning can solve the nutrition problem D.The impact of nutrition cannot be quantified. )3.As for systems thinking,which would the author agree with? A.It may be used to justify power (44练 imbalance. B.It can be applied to tackle chall- enges. C.It helps to prove why hunger exists. D.It goes beyond human imagina- tion. Ⅱ.语法填空 "The supreme art of war is to defeat the enemy without fighting,"says Eddy. Paul Kirimi,a student at the Confucius Institute at the Kenyatta University in Nairobi, Kenya."If you know the enemy and know 1. (you),you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat."Kirimi is quoting from The Art of War,the Chinese classic by strategist Sun Tzu,dating back to the Spring and Autumn Period.The ancient book, 2 has influenced people all around the world,continues to inspire young Kenyans. The Sun Tzu Book House has opened 3. (recent)at the university's Con- fucius Institute.and features various versions of Sun Tzu's work. Kirimi says that The Art of War enables young Kenyans 4. experience) Chinese culture and learning."It is not a book that advocates strength;it focuses on strategic wisdom and philosophy(哲学).The most important lesson I learned from it is that in every situation,you have to be 5. (courage)and strong,and then think it through to complete everything and achieve success," he says. Phyllis Wahura Maina,another student at the Confucius Institute,says that she is deepening her understanding of The Art of War and looks forward to 6. _（apply) Sunzi's wisdom in daily life.She says that the book has influenced her way of thinking, helping her to think ahead before doing something 7. develop strategies sui- able for different situations.Maina encourages her classmates to use The Art of War as 8. guide in the pursuit of their goals when Unit 3 War and peace facing challenges. Fan Qingyin,a teacher at the Confucius Institute,often discusses the book with her students.She says that the book stresses the philosophy and ideals of Sun Tzu,who recom- mended using peaceful ways to manage the relationship between countries,instead 9. war,and adds that the Confucius Institute 10. continue)to promote this important part of Chinese culture,so that more Kenyans will be able to appreciate the cultural treasure. 练(45 N 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） Section V P 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.sum(n.)金额，款项→ (u.)总 结→ (n.)总结 2.relevant(ad.)有关的，切题的→ (a山.)不相关的→ (n.)相关性 3.critic(n.)批评家，评论员→ (ad.)批判的，关键的，严重的→ (n.）批评，意见→ (.) 批评，指责，评论 4.loyal(ad.)忠诚的→ (n.)忠诚 5.fierce(a山.)凶猛的，激烈的→ (ad.)猛烈地，厉害地 二、单句语法填空 1.The evidence was (relevance)to the case.It was useless. 2.They swore their (loyal)to the king. 3.The results of the research are (sum)at the end of the chapter. 4.Your decision is (critic)to our future. 5.The fighting is threatening to turn full-scale war. 三、短语英汉互译 1.缺乏 2.一大笔（钱） 46)练 esenting ideas 3.与…作斗争 4.突破 5.追捕 6.使变成 7.an anti-Japanese hero 8.Communist Party of China 9.guerrilla war 10.a huge blow 11.a hail of 12.a single grain of ice 四、句子英汉互译 1.It is a huge blow for the Japanese carmaker 2.A hail of hats,paper cups and torn paper fell on the football field when they won. 3.她为我的服务付给我一大笔钱。 4.科学家们认为，他们在对抗癌症的研究中 开始有所突破。 5.她对他的缺乏责任感感到失望。 五、大练笔 你可以在以下两个题目中任选一个，作 为本单元的写作大练笔。 1.介绍一位抗日英雄及其主要事迹。 2.写一篇关于“战争与和平”的演讲稿。3.你是怎么想出你角色的名字的？ 4.中国人是最了解茶的本质的人。 Section ll Understanding ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.global;globalization 2.combination 3.occupa- tion;occupied 4.equipped;equipment 5.devotion;de- voted 6.object;objection 7.horrible;horribly;horrify 8.memory;memorize 9.confidential;confidence 10.growth 11.liberty;liberation 12.survival;survive 二、单句语法填空 1.commander 2.barely 3.memorial 4.is made 5.in 6.objective 7.seeing 8.liberation 9.devotion 10.anger 三、短语英汉互译 1.see/regard/view...as 2.be made up of 3.gather in large numbers 4.free from 5.be set for 6.have full confidence in 7.nothing less than 8.at dawn 9. 边回响10.成功；及时抵达；渡过难关11.传达；被 理解12.席卷/风靡全球13.碰面；符合标准14.战 友15.最初阶段16.历史意义 四、句子英汉互译 1.Since then,I've been free from the fear of speaking in public. 2.If you miss this chance,it may be years before you get another one. 3.He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 4.Her survival was nothing less than miraculous. 5.I have confidence in the ability of the players. 6.他活得比医生预期的要长。他们没想到他能活到 十一月。 7.我讲得很慢，但我的意思还是没有被理解。 五、句式转换 1.Code-named "Operation Overlord",it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupa- tion. 2.With these words ringing in their eras,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. 3.By mid-morning,hundreds lay dead in the water 参考答案。 and amongst the tanks on the beach 拓展训练 阅读理解 A:1~4 ADAB B:1~4 CBDA I Section Ill Using language 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.incredibly 2.sensitive;sensible;senseless 3.distance 4.basic;basically;basis;basement 5.army; 解除…的武装6.security;insecure7.cruelty 8.stably;stability 9.destructive;destruction 10.forgetful; forgettable;unforgettable 二、单句语法填空 1.stability 2.is playing 3.is 4.was 5.are being taken 6.are dressed 7.is 8.is 9.is 10.was 三、短语英汉互译 1.put down/hold down 2.refer to...as...3.be reason enough to do sth.4.play a role in 5.on standby 6.影评7.使遭受打击8.恐怖性轰炸9.联合国维 和部队10.冲突地带 拓展训练 I.七选五 1~5 BDAFE Ⅱ.完形填空 1-5 BDACC 6~10 DDABC 11~15 ACBDB 修n Section IV Developing ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.academic;academics;academically 2.aggressive 3.intellectual;intelligence;intelligent 4.associated; association 5.emergence 6.invader;invasion 7.glori- ous 8.dedicated;dedication 9.representation;represen- tative 10.collective;collector;collection 11.mountai- nous 12.resistant;resistance 二、单句语法填空 1.representative 2.invader 3.collective 4.dedi- cation 5.academic 6.resistant 7.associated 8.moun- tainous 9.glorious 10.aggression 三、短语英汉互译 1.refer to 2.lay the foundation for 3.be occupied by 4.light up 5.due to 6.it is no wonder that 7.serve 101 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） as8.in the modern era9.巨大的挑战l0.一段漫长 而艰辛的旅程11.殃及，祸害12.压住，使固定 13.在交战状态中14.使命感15.至高无上的光荣 16.集体记忆 四、句子英汉互译 1.他所说的是另一个巨大的挑战。 2.她的工作是当一个看门人。 3.那些羊被塞人一辆卡车运走，不给吃也不给喝。 4.这家酒店的点睛之笔是那座令人惊叹的屋顶花园。 5.我们在找一个对这项工作真正负责的人。 6.他拿着字典把试卷压了下来，生怕试卷被风 吹走。 7.It is no wonder that they build a beautiful image in other's heart. 8.What we are learning at school will lay the foundation for the future. 9.They can also refer to pop culture and new cultural trends. 10.But I think people want to see the kid's face light up when they open their gift. 五、句式转换 1.Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky,often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. 2.They had to live in rough buildings,packed 40 to a room,like sardines 3.A product of the war,Lianda is now physically gone.But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities,not only because of its prominent professors and talented students,but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. 4.It has become part of the collective memory of the Unit 4 A glimp Section I Starting out 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.predict 2.limited;limit 3.incorrect 二、短语英汉互译 1.make predictions 2.unlimited possibilities 3.come true/become reality 4.science fiction 5. 6.调查精神7.证明是，结果是8.对未知事情的了解 102 Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era. 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A:1~4 ACDD B:1~3 CAB Ⅱ.语法填空 1.yourself 2.which 3.recently 4.to experience 5.courageous 6.applying 7.and 8.a 9.of 10. will continue Section V Presenting ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.summarize;summary 2.irrelevant;relevance 3.critical;criticism;criticize 4.loyalty 5.fiercely 二、单句语法填空 1.irrelevant 2.loyalty 3.summarized 4.critical 5.into 三、短语英汉互译 1.lack of 2.a large sum of 3.fight against 4.break through5.track down6.turn into7.一位抗 日英雄8.中国共产党9.游击战10.一个沉重的打 击11.一阵，一大堆12.一粒米 四、句子英汉互译 1.这对日本汽车厂商是沉重的打击。 2.他们获胜时，帽子、纸杯、撕碎的纸片像一阵冰 雹似的落满了足球场。 3.She paid me a large sum of money for my services. 4.Scientists think they are beginning to break through when fighting against cancer. 5.She was disappointed by his lack of responsibility se of the future 三、句子英汉互译 1.The future has unlimited possibilities. 2.What do you think the world will be like in the future? 3.曾经做过哪些关于未来的预测？ 4.它们讲述了关于未来世界的什么故事？