热点06 跨学科融合阅读（数学+地理+物理+语文）（时文阅读+重难词汇+长难句精析）2026年中考英语趋势性主题阅读

热点06 跨学科融合阅读（数学+地理+物理+语文） 1 英语+数学 数学中的美感和趣味性 2 英语+数学 古代玛雅人的记数方法和计算日历的方法 3 英语+地理 科学家研究的地球顺时针旋转时会发生什么事情 4 英语+地理 中国“祝融号”火星车在火星上的科学发现及其意义 5 英语+物理 通过芹菜实验演示“毛细管作用” 6 英语+物理 介绍了杠杆的三种类型 7 英语+语文 介绍了王维的《送元二使安西》 ( 0 1 英语+ 数学 ) （24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末） You may feel that math is difficult and boring. Is it possible that you’ve been looking at math in the wrong way? Li Xing, a math professor at Ning Xia University, thinks math can be beautiful and fun. I complete agree with what he said. Numbers are beautiful There is math hidden in beautiful human bodies. Measure (测量) the length from your head to your belly button and from your belly button to your feet. The ratio (比例) of these two numbers is always around 0.618. This is the golden ratio, which can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings. In Chinese poems, we can also see the beauty of numbers. As Li Bai wrote, “My skiff (小船) has left ten thousand mountains far away”, “A thousand miles in one day”, —all these numbers show how fast Li Bai traveled and how happy he felt. Curves (曲线) are beautiful “Sine curves” are beautiful. They go towards the two opposite directions on and on without ever ending. When you look at them, you may feel like standing by the sea and watching the waves slowly moving. “Tangent curve” is like a waterfall, just as Li Bai wrote, “dashing (猛冲) down three thousand feet from on high”. Formulas (公式) are beautiful There are some amazing formulas. In a right-angled triangle (直角三角形), the square of the longest side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. How amazing! Just as Chinese-American mathematician Chern Shingshen said, “Math is fun!” 1．If the ratio of a thing is around 0.618, ________. A．it has a golden color B．it only happens in human bodies C．it looks like a human body D．it might bring people a sense of beauty 2．Why does the writer mention Li Bai and his poems in the passage? A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion. C．To share the beauty of Li Bai’s poems. D．To offer advice on learning math. 3．What does a tangent curve look like? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why math is beautiful and fun. B．Why math is difficult and boring. C．How we can learn math in a right way. D．How math helps us live a better life. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文详细介绍了数学中的美感和趣味性，包括数字的美感、曲线的美感和公式的美感，以及通过例子来说明这些美感，使读者能够在新的视角下看到数学的魅力。 1．推理判断题。根据“There is math hidden in beautiful human bodies...The ratio of these two numbers is always around 0.618. This is the golden ratio, which can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings.”可知，如果人体的分割比例是0.618，说明这具身体是富有美感的；而在自然、音乐和绘画中，处处可见黄金比例。由此推知，如果一个事物是黄金比例，那么这个事物可以带给我们美感。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese poems, we can also see the beauty of numbers. As Li Bai wrote...all these numbers show how fast Li Bai traveled and how happy he felt.”可知，作者提到李白的诗歌，是为了展示诗歌中的数字美。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘Tangent curve’ is like a waterfall, just as Li Bai wrote, ‘dashing down three thousand feet from on high’.”可知，“切线”如瀑布，正如李白所言，“飞流直下三千尺”。结合选项的图形，C选项符合。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文中小标题和“Just as Chinese-American mathematician Chern Shingshen said, ‘Math is fun!’”可知，本文主要通过一些例子来说明数学的美以及数字带来的乐趣。故选A。 重难词汇: 1. ratio​ /ˈreɪʃiəʊ/ n.比例 2. belly button​ /ˈbeli ˌbʌtn/ n.肚脐 3. curve​ /kɜːv/ n.曲线 4. formula​ /ˈfɔːmjələ/ n.公式 5. skiff​ /skɪf/ n.小船 6. dashing​ /ˈdæʃɪŋ/ adj.猛冲的，飞奔的 长难句精析： 1. Measure the length from your head to your belly button and from your belly button to your feet. 翻译：测量从你的头部到肚脐的长度，以及从肚脐到脚的长度。 分析：这是一个祈使句，主语省略。句子结构为“动词 + 宾语 + 并列介词短语（from...to...and from...to...）”，用于说明测量的两个部分。 2. The ratio of these two numbers is always around 0.618, which is the golden ratio, and it can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings. 翻译：这两个数字的比例总是在0.618左右，这就是黄金比例，它随处可见，比如在自然、音乐和绘画中。 分析：主干为“The ratio is around 0.618”，后接which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰0.618，并用and连接并列句“it can be seen...”，最后用like举例。 3. When you look at them, you may feel like standing by the sea and watching the waves slowly moving. 翻译：当你看着它们时，你可能会感觉就像站在海边，看着波浪缓缓涌动。 分析：句子以When引导的时间状语从句开头，主句为“you may feel like...”，like后接两个动名词短语“standing...”和“watching...”作宾语，其中watching后接宾语补足语“slowly moving”。 ( 02 英语+ 数学 ) How did the Maya count in ancient times? How many bags of corn did they have? How many did they sell? Did all the crops arrive at the city market? To answer these important daily questions, they used some numbers like this: The Maya was good at math. They counted in groups of 20, not 10. They wrote numbers in 6 columns (纵行) going up. The bottom row was the “ls” column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. For numbers, they used a dot (●) for 1, a line (—) for 5, and a shell () shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with lines and dots. Can you read the number in the following picture? It’s the number 1209 (three 400s+no 20s+nine 1s). The Maya also kept three different calendars. In the first calendar, there were 18 months of 20 days each, and a short month of 5 days in a year. The short month wasn’t believed be lucky, a time when spirits walked. The second calendar repeated (重复) every 260 days. This was used to plan religious (宗教) activities. When talking about events happened long ago, they used a calendar called “the long count.” This had a span (跨度) of about 5,136 years. In 2012, a “Great Cycle” of its “Long Count” came to an end, so some people believed that the world would end on December 21, 2012. Of course, it didn’t come true. Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who told people when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. But farmers could also tell the time of the year from the sun and stars. 1．The Maya created their way of counting mainly to ________. A．celebrate holidays B．plan religious activities C．keep different calendars D．solve everyday problems 2．According to Maya math, the number in Picture ________ is equal to “414”. A． B． C． D． 3．In the first calendar, there were ________ days in a year. A．365 B．260 C．5136 D．360 4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．There were four kinds of Maya calendars. B．The calendar keeper told people when to plant crops. C．The second calendar recorded events happened long ago. D．The short month in the first calendar was thought to bring good luck. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The things that the calendar keeper did. B．The situation of Maya numbers and calendars today. C．The difference between numbers in Maya and other places. D．The facts about the Maya numbers and calendars in ancient times. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了古代玛雅人的记数方法和计算日历的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“To answer these important daily questions, they used some numbers like this”可知，是为了解决日常重要的问题，故选D。 2． 推理判断题。根据“The bottom row was the ‘ls’ column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. …Numbers 1 to 19 were written with a combination of lines and dots”可知，414的表达方式是 14个ls，20s放“零”的标志，400s放“1”的标志，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“ In the first calendar, there were 18 months of 20 days each, and a short month of 5 days in a year”可知，在第一个历法中，一年有365天。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who told people when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. ”可知，日历管理员告诉人们何时种植庄稼。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了古代玛雅人的记数方法和计算日历的方法，故选D。 重难词汇: 1. column​ /ˈkɒləm/ n.纵行，列 2. dot​ /dɒt/ n.点 3. span​ /spæn/ n.跨度 4. calendar keeper​ /ˈkælɪndə ˈkiːpə/ n.历法守护者/掌管者 5. religious​ /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ adj.宗教的 6. cycle​ /ˈsaɪkl/ n.周期 长难句精析： 1. The short month wasn’t believed to be lucky, a time when spirits walked. 翻译：这短暂的月份被认为是不吉利的，是鬼魂游荡的时期。 分析：主句为被动语态 “wasn’t believed to be lucky”，后面 “a time when spirits walked” 是同位语，对 “the short month” 进行补充说明，其中包含 when 引导的定语从句修饰 “a time”。 2. In 2012, a “Great Cycle” of its “Long Count” came to an end, so some people believed that the world would end on December 21, 2012. 翻译：2012年，其“长历法”的一个“大周期”结束了，因此一些人认为世界将在2012年12月21日终结。 分析：这是一个由 “so” 连接的并列复合句。前一分句为主谓结构，后一分句中包含 that 引导的宾语从句 “that the world would end...”。 3. Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who told people when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. 翻译：每个城镇和村庄都有一位历法掌管者，他告诉人们何时庆祝节日，何时期盼降雨或种植庄稼。 分析：主句为 “Each city and village had a calendar keeper”，后面是由 who 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 “a calendar keeper”。定语从句中包含两个并列的 “when to do” 结构作宾语。 ( 03 英语+ 地理 ) （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）①Everybody knows that Earth spins from west to east. That is to say, it appears to be turning counterclockwise (逆时针) rapidly when viewed from above the North Pole. But what if Earth started spinning the other way? ②Scientists from Germany have made a computer simulation in which Earth spins in the opposite direction-clockwise when viewed from above the North Pole. This showed them some interesting things about the weather and geography on Earth, Live Science reported. ③As Earth spins in a counterclockwise direction, it shapes certain ocean currents (洋流). The direction of ocean (3b) currents, together with winds, produces different weathers around the globe. But a backward spin changes the ocean currents and winds. ▲ Western areas of the lands on Earth cool down as the eastern parts warm up. Winters become even colder in northwestern Europe, while eastern Russia becomes warmer than before. Rain no longer falls on the planet's wettest places. ④Another result of a backward spin is that Earth becomes greener. Scientists found that global desert areas reduce from 42 million square kilometers to 31 million square kilometers. This may have something to do with the changing weather. Therefore, you can see rich green landscapes from Central Africa to the Middle East, which are mostly covered by deserts now. More surprisingly, the Sahara  Desert becomes an oasis. ⑤However, deserts don’t disappear. They just appear in some places in which they never appeared before. Deserts would cover North America, where countries like the United States and Canada lie. Sand dunes would replace the Amazon rainforest in South America. ⑥A backward spin would keep the main features of Earth’s geography, such as the size, shapes and positions of lands and oceans. But it would change the interactions between circulating air, ocean and geography lead scientist Florian Ziemen told Live Science. 1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank of Paragraph 3? A．Anyway deserts cover the planet. B．Therefore, the weather is different. C．However the positions of oceans changes. D．Surprisingly the area of lands is larger. 2．What would a backward spin bring to Earth? A．The direction of ocean currents and winds would be different. B．Rain would no longer fall on western areas of the lands on Earth. C．Deserts would become larger and cover the planet’s wettest places. D．The size, shapes and positions of lands and oceans would be changed. 3．The passage is most probably taken from a magazine on __________. A．history B．traveling C．biology D．geography 4．Which of the following is the right structure of the passage? A．①--②--③④--⑤⑥ B．①--②--③④⑤--⑥ C．①--②③④⑤--⑥ D．①②--③--④--⑤⑥ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲了科学家研究的地球顺时针旋转时会发生什么事情。 1．细节理解题。根据“But a backward spin changes the ocean currents and winds.”及下文的 “Western areas of the lands on Earth cool down as the eastern parts warm up. Winters become even colder in northwestern Europe, while eastern Russia becomes warmer than before. Rain no longer falls on the planet's wettest places.”可知，此处介绍的与天气有关，选项B“因此，天气不同。”符合语境。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“A backward spin would keep the main features of Earth’s geography, such as the size, shapes and positions of lands and oceans. But it would change the interactions between circulating air, ocean and geography lead scientist Florian Ziemen told Live Science.”可知，向后旋转会给地球带来洋流和风的方向的不同。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，主要讲的是每个人都知道地球从西向东转，那么如果颠倒了地球自转方向会发生什么呢？来自德国的科学家们做了这样一个假设的实验，他们颠倒了地球的自转方向，发现地球上的洋流、气候都发生了变化。可知，这段话很可能是从一本“地理”杂志上摘取的。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。根据“Everybody knows that Earth spins from west to east. That is to say, it appears to be turning counterclockwise (逆时针) rapidly when viewed from above the North Pole. But what if Earth started spinning the other way?”可知，第一段提出一个问题；根据 “Scientists from Germany have made a computer simulation in which Earth spins in the opposite direction-clockwise when viewed from above the North Pole. This showed them some interesting things about the weather and geography on Earth, Live Science reported.”第二段介绍了德国科学家所作的实验；③④⑤是实验过程；第⑥段属于总结。因此正确的是①--②--③④⑤--⑥。故选B。 重难词汇: 1. spin​ /spɪn/ v.旋转 2. counterclockwise​ /ˌkaʊntəˈklɒkwaɪz/ adv.& adj.逆时针方向（的） 3. simulation​ /ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃn/ n.模拟 4. current​ /ˈkʌrənt/ n.水流；气流 5. oasis​ /əʊˈeɪsɪs/ n.绿洲 6. dune​ /djuːn/ n.沙丘 长难句精析： 1. That is to say, it appears to be turning counterclockwise rapidly when viewed from above the North Pole. 翻译：也就是说，从北极上方看，地球似乎在快速逆时针旋转。 分析：主句为“it appears to be turning counterclockwise rapidly”，后面接了一个由“when”引导的时间状语从句“when viewed from above the North Pole”，该从句为省略形式，省略了“it is”，其完整形式为“when it is viewed from above the North Pole”。 2. Therefore, you can see rich green landscapes from Central Africa to the Middle East, which are mostly covered by deserts now. 翻译：因此，从非洲中部到中东地区，你都能看到郁郁葱葱的绿色景观，而这些地区现在大部分被沙漠覆盖。 分析：主句是“you can see rich green landscapes from Central Africa to the Middle East”，后面由“which”引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的“Central Africa to the Middle East”这一整体区域，对其现状进行补充说明。 3. But it would change the interactions between circulating air, ocean and geography, lead scientist Florian Ziemen told Live Science. 翻译：但是首席科学家弗洛里安·齐门告诉《生活科学》杂志，这会改变循环的空气、海洋和地理特征之间的相互作用。 分析：这是一个包含直接引语（或间接转述内容）的句子。主干是“lead scientist Florian Ziemen told Live Science”，前面“But it would change the interactions between circulating air, ocean and geography”是整个句子的宾语从句（在转述中），说明了告诉的具体内容。介词短语“between circulating air, ocean and geography”修饰“interactions”，列举了相互作用的几个方面。 ( 04 英语+ 地理 ) （24-25九年级上·江苏南京·月考）Chinese Zhurong rover on the surface of Mars has been doing research into how the planet changed in climate about 400,000 years ago. Mars is also known as the “Red Planet”, because it’s red! It can get pretty cold on Mars, much colder than our own planet, since it’s further away from the sun. Data collected by the Zhurong rover, which landed on Mars in 2021, shows the wind direction on the southern Utopian Plainhad changed 70℃ from north- east to north-west. This caused the crescent-shaped (新月形的) dunes (沙丘) that had formed during the last glacial (冰川的) period into long, dark ridges. A ridge is a raised line where two sloping surfaces (坡面) meet. Scientists analyzed (分析) the wind direction by studying the surface structure of Mars. The ridges were once discovered by spacecraft in the orbit of Mars but it was never clear what caused their formation. The Zhurong ro ver went into sleeping mode in May 2022 and was meant to start operations in December 2022 but has been out of action since, most likely because it is covered in dust. It was the first Chinese rover to land on Mars. China also placed its Tianwen-1 orbiter (轨道器) around Mars, which sent the data collected by the Zhurong ro ver to the earth. Tianwen-1 entered Mars’s orbit on February 10, 2021. “The research on the climate change of Mars has been of great concern (关注) for a long time,” said Li Chunlai, a scientist of the study. Mars is the most similar planet to the earth in the solar system, so understanding the climate evolution of Mars helps scientists better understand the history of the earth and other planets. 1．It’s very cold on Mars because ________. A．it’s a red planet B．it’s far from the sun C．it’s smaller than the earth D．it’s over 40000 years old 2．Which picture shows a “ridge” to us? A． B． C． D． 3．Scientists directly got the data on Mars from ________. A．the Zhurong rover B．the Tianwen-1 orbiter C．the Tiangong space station D．the satellite around the earth 4．What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A．Scientists’ hard work. B．The climate evolution of Mars. C．The importance of the research. D．The history of the earth and other planets. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在火星表面的中国祝融号火星车一直在研究大约40万年前火星的气候变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“It can get pretty cold on Mars, much colder than our own planet, since it’s further away from the sun.”可知火星上的温度可能会非常低，比我们自己的星球冷得多，因为它离太阳更远。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“the wind direction on the southern Utopian Plainhad changed 70℃ from north- east to north- west. This caused the crescent- shaped (新月形的) dunes (沙丘) that had formed during the last glacial (冰川的) period into long, dark ridges. A ridge is a raised line where two sloping surfaces (坡面) meet.”可知风向从东北到西北变化了70℃，这导致了上一次冰川时期形成的新月形沙丘变成了又长又黑的山脊，脊是两个斜面相交的凸起线，结合常识可知，选项A是山谷，选项C是山脊。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“China also placed its Tianwen-1 orbiter (轨道器) around Mars, which sent the data collected by the Zhurong rover to the earth”可知中国还将天问一号环绕火星运行，将祝融号探测器收集的数据送入地球。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“The research on the climate change of Mars has been of great concern (关注) for a long time”以及结合“ so understanding the climate evolution of Mars helps scientists better understand the history of the earth and other planets”可知最后一段介绍了这个研究的重要性。故选C。 重难词汇: 1. rover​ /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n.巡视器，漫游车 2. dune​ /djuːn/ n.沙丘 3. ridge​ /rɪdʒ/ n.脊，垄 4. glacial​ /ˈɡleɪʃl/ adj.冰川的，冰期的 5. orbit​ /ˈɔːbɪt/ n.轨道 v.绕轨道运行 6. orbiter​ /ˈɔːbɪtə(r)/ n.轨道飞行器 长难句精析： 1. Data collected by the Zhurong rover, which landed on Mars in 2021, shows the wind direction on the southern Utopian Plain had changed 70° from north-east to north-west. 翻译：由2021年登陆火星的祝融号巡视器收集的数据显示，乌托邦平原南部的风向已从东北向改变了70°，转为西北向。 分析：句子主干是“Data shows...”。“collected by the Zhurong rover”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“Data”。“which landed on Mars in 2021”是一个非限制性定语从句，插入说明“the Zhurong rover”。谓语动词“shows”后接宾语从句“the wind direction... had changed...”。 2. This caused the crescent-shaped dunes that had formed during the last glacial period into long, dark ridges. 翻译：这（风向的改变）导致在上一个冰川期形成的新月形沙丘变成了长条状的黑色沙脊。 分析：句子主干是“This caused the dunes into ridges”，使用了“cause... into...”结构。“that had formed during the last glacial period”是一个定语从句，修饰“the crescent-shaped dunes”，说明这些沙丘形成的时间。 3. Mars is the most similar planet to the earth in the solar system, so understanding the climate evolution of Mars helps scientists better understand the history of the earth and other planets. 翻译：火星是太阳系中与地球最相似的行星，因此了解火星的气候演化有助于科学家更好地理解地球和其他行星的历史。 分析：这是一个由“so”连接的并列复合句，表示因果关系。前一个分句说明事实（火星与地球相似），后一个分句表示结果（了解火星气候有帮助）。后一分句中，动名词短语“understanding the climate evolution of Mars”作主语。 ( 05 英语+ 物理 ) （2025·福建漳州·二模）Most plants get the most of their water from the ground, even the tallest trees. That water makes its way up to their leaves. But how does it get all the way up there? Using a phenomenon (现象) called “capillary action (毛细管作用)”, plants take up water kind of like drinking through a straw (吸管). Welcome to the Sunshine Smart Kids Lab. Now, let’s watch this effect carefully using a common vegetable—celery (芹菜). Materials needed: or A tall glass water a measuring cup celery Food coloring Experimental Steps (Ask an adult to use the knife.): 1. Measure out half a cup of water and add it to the tall glass. 2. Add about 20 drops of food coloring to the water. 3. Cut the end of the celery stalk (秆) to make a fresh surface. 4. Put the celery stalk into the glass with the cut side in the water. 5. You can use the celery to stir (搅拌) the water so it mixes with the food coloring. Leave your celery in the glass for a day or two and watch it carefully often. What happens? You should see color coming up into the leaves of your celery. Have an adult cut into the celery so you can see how the colored water has traveled. You can also try this with white flowers. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By raising a question. C．By telling the reason. D．By giving an example. 2．Which picture can correctly show the fourth step of the experiment? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The glass. B．The celery. C．The water. D．The food coloring. 4．What’s the main purpose of this text? A．To learn about how celery grows. B．To find out how plants get the energy. C．To test the condition of “capillary action”. D．To explore how plants take up water. 5．Where can we probably find this text? A．A news website. B．A storybook. C．A science magazine. D．An art textbook. 【答案】1．B 24．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇科学实验指导文本，通过芹菜实验演示“毛细管作用”，解释植物如何通过该现象从地面吸收水分，旨在以直观方式呈现科学原理。 1．细节理解题。根据开篇“But how does it get all the way up there?”可知，通过提问题的形式引出话题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四步“Put the celery stalk into the glass with the cut side in the water.”可知，要将芹菜秆的切口端浸入水中。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五步“You can use the celery to stir (搅拌) the water so it mixes with the food coloring.”中，“it”指代前半句的“the water”，即搅拌水使其与食用色素混合。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过芹菜实验演示“毛细管作用”，目的是解释植物如何吸水。故选D。 5．推理判断题。文章介绍科学实验，解释植物吸水原理，属于科普内容，最可能出现在“科学杂志”。故选C。 重难词汇: 1. phenomenon​ /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ n.现象 2. capillary action​ /kəˈpɪləri ˈækʃn/ n.毛细管作用 3. stalk​ /stɔːk/ n.（植物的）茎，秆 4. stir​ /stɜː(r)/ v.搅拌 5. surface​ /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n.表面 6. measure​ /ˈmeʒə(r)/ v.测量，量出 长难句精析： 1. Using a phenomenon called “capillary action”, plants take up water kind of like drinking through a straw. 翻译：利用一种叫作“毛细管作用”的现象，植物吸收水分的方式有点像用吸管喝水。 分析：句子开头是现在分词短语“Using...”作方式状语。主句是“plants take up water”。后面“kind of like drinking through a straw”是一个介词短语作状语，其中包含动名词短语“drinking through a straw”作介词“like”的宾语，整个部分用类比的方式解释植物吸水的过程。 2. Leave your celery in the glass for a day or two and watch it carefully often. 翻译：将你的芹菜放在玻璃杯中一两天，并经常仔细地观察它。 分析：这是一个由“and”连接的并列祈使句。两个祈使动词“Leave”和“watch”并列，分别给出了连续的两个动作指令。“for a day or two”是时间状语，修饰“Leave”；“carefully”和“often”是副词，修饰“watch”。 3. Cut the end of the celery stalk to make a fresh surface. 翻译：切掉芹菜茎的末端，以形成一个新鲜的切面。 分析：这是一个祈使句，主干是“Cut the end”。“of the celery stalk”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰“the end”。不定式短语“to make a fresh surface”作目的状语，解释了“切”这个动作的目的。 ( 06 英语+ 物理 ) （2025·福建厦门·二模）A scale (天平), a baseball bat and a bottle opener—they are all levers (杠杆), but each belongs to a different class. These classes aren’t like the ones in school. Instead, they tell you where the lever’s fulcrum, effort and load are. You need: ruler (the lever) marker (the fulcrum) can (the load) hair bands (to keep the load in place) ◆ The fulcrum is the place the lever rests and turns. It doesn’t move. ◆ You give the effort at the place you push or pull the lever. ◆ The load is the thing that gets moved. In a first-class lever, the fulcrum is always between the effort and the load. When you push the empty end of the ruler down, you give the effort, and the can is lifted. In a second-class lever, such as a wheel cart (带轮推车) and a plier (钳子), the load is always between the fulcrum and the effort. When you lift the empty end of the ruler, you give the effort and the can is lifted. In a third-class lever, the effort is always between the fulcrum and the load. When you lift the middle of the ruler, you give the effort, and the can is lifted. It takes more effort to lift the can, but the can moves farther and faster. 1．What is a fulcrum in a lever? A．The thing that gets moved. B．The part which is pushed or pulled. C．The side that supports the weight. D．The point where the lever sits and turns. 2．What are hair bands used for in the lever activity? A．To keep the can in place. B．To balance the marker on the ruler. C．To make the ruler heavier. D．To know how high the can is lifted. 3．As a second-class lever, which part is the load of the wheel cart in the picture? A． B． C． D． 4．According to the text, which is a third-class lever? A．A scale. B．A plier. C．A baseball bat. D．A bottle opener. 5．Which subject is the text about? A．Math. B．Physics. C．Chemistry. D．Biology. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了杠杆的三种类型（第一类、第二类、第三类），并通过天平、棒球棒、开瓶器等实例说明其分类依据（支点、用力点、负载的位置关系）。 1．细节理解题。根据“◆ The fulcrum is the place the lever rests and turns. It doesn’t move.”（支点是杠杆静止和转动的点，它不移动。）可知支点是杠杆的固定转动点。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“hair bands（to keep the load in place）”（发圈用于固定负载）可知发圈的作用是固定罐子（负载）。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“the load is always between the fulcrum and the effort”（负载位于支点和用力点之间），结合图片中带轮推车的结构推断，推车货物（图中B部分）为负载，因其位于车轮（支点）和手柄（用力点）之间。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“the effort is always between the fulcrum and the load”（用力点位于支点和负载之间），而文章首句提到“a baseball bat…is a lever”（棒球棒是杠杆），结合生活常识可知，挥棒时手（用力点）位于握柄（支点）和击球点（负载）之间。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕杠杆原理（支点、用力点、负载）展开，属于经典物理学中的简单机械知识。故选B。 重难词汇: 1. lever​ /ˈliːvə(r)/ n.杠杆 2. fulcrum​ /ˈfʊlkrəm/ n.支点 3. effort​ /ˈefət/ n.作用力，施力 4. load​ /ləʊd/ n.负荷，阻力 5. scale​ /skeɪl/ n.天平 6. pliers​ /ˈplaɪəz/ n.钳子 （注：原文中“plier”为单数，常用复数形式） 长难句精析： 1. Instead, they tell you where the lever’s fulcrum, effort and load are. 翻译：相反，它们告诉你杠杆的支点、作用力和阻力分别在哪里。 分析：本句核心结构为tell sb. + 宾语从句。其中，连接副词where引导的宾语从句where the lever’s fulcrum, effort and load are作tell的直接宾语，说明“告诉”的具体内容。这个从句本身是一个特殊疑问句语序的表语从句，are是系动词。 2. In a second-class lever, such as a wheel cart and a plier, the load is always between the fulcrum and the effort. 翻译：在第二类杠杆中，例如带轮推车和钳子，阻力总是位于支点和作用力之间。 分析：句子主干是the load is always between...。In a second-class lever是地点状语。such as a wheel cart and a plier是插入语，用来举例说明什么是“第二类杠杆”，对主语a second-class lever进行补充说明，使概念更具体。 3. It takes more effort to lift the can, but the can moves farther and faster. 翻译：抬起罐子需要更大的作用力，但罐子移动得更远、更快。 分析：这是一个由转折连词but连接的并列句。前一分句使用了It takes (more) effort to do sth.的固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to lift the can。后一分句中，farther和faster是两个副词的比较级，用and连接，并列作状语修饰动词moves，形成对比效果。 ( 07 英语+语文 ) （25-26九年级上·四川内江·期中） A Farewell (告别) Song Wang Wei No dust (尘土) is raised on the road wet with morning rain; The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again. West of the Sunny Pass no more friends will be seen. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. A Farewell Song is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in the Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. “No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain.” “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”. A picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After the morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends. “I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the Sunny Pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend. A Farewell Song creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 1．When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter. 2．What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in ancient China? A．The morning rain. B．The willow branch. C．The hotel. D．The fan. 3．Which of the following rhymes (押韵) is RIGHT for this poem? A．aa-bb. B．ab-ab. C．ab-cd. D．ab-ba. 4．What did Wang Wei want to show in this poem? A．To show his excitement after seeing his old friend. B．To show his joy before separating from his friend. C．To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell. D．To show his deep feelings to his friends and family. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了王维的《送元二使安西》一诗的创作背景、意象分析和情感表达。 1．细节理解题。根据“After the morning rain in spring”可知，诗中描写的是春季早晨雨后的场景，因此朋友在春天离开。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China.”可知，柳枝在中国古代是送别的典型象征。故选B。 3．推理判断题。原诗四句的韵脚为：雨、青、酒、关。英文译文中，四行尾韵分别为rain、green、again、seen，韵式为ab-ab。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“A Farewell Song creates a feeling of quiet sadness.”可知，这首诗表达了离别前淡淡的忧伤。故选C。 重难词汇: 1. farewell​ /ˌfeəˈwel/ n.告别 2. willow​ /ˈwɪləʊ/ n.柳树 3. symbol​ /ˈsɪmbl/ n.象征，符号 4. gentle​ /ˈdʒentl/ adj.温和的，轻柔的 5. sincere​ /sɪnˈsɪə(r)/ adj.真诚的 6. typical​ /ˈtɪpɪkl/ adj.典型的 长难句精析： 1. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. 翻译：当谈到王维时，人们常说他的诗中有画，画中有诗。 分析：句首“When talking about Wang Wei”是现在分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语“people”一致。主句包含由“and”连接的两个并列的宾语从句“there are pictures in his poems”和“there are poems in his pictures”，共同作动词“say”的宾语，生动地说明了王维诗画交融的艺术特点。 2. After the morning rain in spring, the road, the willows and the hotel are completely different. 翻译：在春天的晨雨过后，道路、柳树和旅店都焕然一新。 分析：本句结构清晰。“After the morning rain in spring”是时间状语。主语是三个并列的名词短语“the road, the willows and the hotel”。系动词“are”与表语“completely different”构成系表结构，描述了主语的状态。 3. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 翻译：它将优美的画面与人类情感相融合，以深刻表达告别这一普遍体验。 分析：句子主干是“It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings”。后面的不定式短语“to deeply express...”作目的状语，解释了“融合”的目的。介词短语“of saying goodbye”作后置定语，修饰“the common experience”，说明是哪一种体验。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点06 跨学科融合阅读（数学+地理+物理+语文） 1 英语+数学 数学中的美感和趣味性 2 英语+数学 古代玛雅人的记数方法和计算日历的方法 3 英语+地理 科学家研究的地球顺时针旋转时会发生什么事情 4 英语+地理 中国“祝融号”火星车在火星上的科学发现及其意义 5 英语+物理 通过芹菜实验演示“毛细管作用” 6 英语+物理 介绍了杠杆的三种类型 7 英语+语文 介绍了王维的《送元二使安西》 ( 0 1 英语+ 数学 ) （24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末） You may feel that math is difficult and boring. Is it possible that you’ve been looking at math in the wrong way? Li Xing, a math professor at Ning Xia University, thinks math can be beautiful and fun. I complete agree with what he said. Numbers are beautiful There is math hidden in beautiful human bodies. Measure (测量) the length from your head to your belly button and from your belly button to your feet. The ratio (比例) of these two numbers is always around 0.618. This is the golden ratio, which can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings. In Chinese poems, we can also see the beauty of numbers. As Li Bai wrote, “My skiff (小船) has left ten thousand mountains far away”, “A thousand miles in one day”, —all these numbers show how fast Li Bai traveled and how happy he felt. Curves (曲线) are beautiful “Sine curves” are beautiful. They go towards the two opposite directions on and on without ever ending. When you look at them, you may feel like standing by the sea and watching the waves slowly moving. “Tangent curve” is like a waterfall, just as Li Bai wrote, “dashing (猛冲) down three thousand feet from on high”. Formulas (公式) are beautiful There are some amazing formulas. In a right-angled triangle (直角三角形), the square of the longest side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. How amazing! Just as Chinese-American mathematician Chern Shingshen said, “Math is fun!” 1．If the ratio of a thing is around 0.618, ________. A．it has a golden color B．it only happens in human bodies C．it looks like a human body D．it might bring people a sense of beauty 2．Why does the writer mention Li Bai and his poems in the passage? A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion. C．To share the beauty of Li Bai’s poems. D．To offer advice on learning math. 3．What does a tangent curve look like? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why math is beautiful and fun. B．Why math is difficult and boring. C．How we can learn math in a right way. D．How math helps us live a better life. ( 02 英语+ 数学 ) How did the Maya count in ancient times? How many bags of corn did they have? How many did they sell? Did all the crops arrive at the city market? To answer these important daily questions, they used some numbers like this: The Maya was good at math. They counted in groups of 20, not 10. They wrote numbers in 6 columns (纵行) going up. The bottom row was the “ls” column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. For numbers, they used a dot (●) for 1, a line (—) for 5, and a shell () shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with lines and dots. Can you read the number in the following picture? It’s the number 1209 (three 400s+no 20s+nine 1s). The Maya also kept three different calendars. In the first calendar, there were 18 months of 20 days each, and a short month of 5 days in a year. The short month wasn’t believed be lucky, a time when spirits walked. The second calendar repeated (重复) every 260 days. This was used to plan religious (宗教) activities. When talking about events happened long ago, they used a calendar called “the long count.” This had a span (跨度) of about 5,136 years. In 2012, a “Great Cycle” of its “Long Count” came to an end, so some people believed that the world would end on December 21, 2012. Of course, it didn’t come true. Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who told people when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. But farmers could also tell the time of the year from the sun and stars. 1．The Maya created their way of counting mainly to ________. A．celebrate holidays B．plan religious activities C．keep different calendars D．solve everyday problems 2．According to Maya math, the number in Picture ________ is equal to “414”. A． B． C． D． 3．In the first calendar, there were ________ days in a year. A．365 B．260 C．5136 D．360 4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．There were four kinds of Maya calendars. B．The calendar keeper told people when to plant crops. C．The second calendar recorded events happened long ago. D．The short month in the first calendar was thought to bring good luck. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The things that the calendar keeper did. B．The situation of Maya numbers and calendars today. C．The difference between numbers in Maya and other places. D．The facts about the Maya numbers and calendars in ancient times. ( 03 英语+ 地理 ) （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）①Everybody knows that Earth spins from west to east. That is to say, it appears to be turning counterclockwise (逆时针) rapidly when viewed from above the North Pole. But what if Earth started spinning the other way? ②Scientists from Germany have made a computer simulation in which Earth spins in the opposite direction-clockwise when viewed from above the North Pole. This showed them some interesting things about the weather and geography on Earth, Live Science reported. ③As Earth spins in a counterclockwise direction, it shapes certain ocean currents (洋流). The direction of ocean (3b) currents, together with winds, produces different weathers around the globe. But a backward spin changes the ocean currents and winds. ▲ Western areas of the lands on Earth cool down as the eastern parts warm up. Winters become even colder in northwestern Europe, while eastern Russia becomes warmer than before. Rain no longer falls on the planet's wettest places. ④Another result of a backward spin is that Earth becomes greener. Scientists found that global desert areas reduce from 42 million square kilometers to 31 million square kilometers. This may have something to do with the changing weather. Therefore, you can see rich green landscapes from Central Africa to the Middle East, which are mostly covered by deserts now. More surprisingly, the Sahara  Desert becomes an oasis. ⑤However, deserts don’t disappear. They just appear in some places in which they never appeared before. Deserts would cover North America, where countries like the United States and Canada lie. Sand dunes would replace the Amazon rainforest in South America. ⑥A backward spin would keep the main features of Earth’s geography, such as the size, shapes and positions of lands and oceans. But it would change the interactions between circulating air, ocean and geography lead scientist Florian Ziemen told Live Science. 1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank of Paragraph 3? A．Anyway deserts cover the planet. B．Therefore, the weather is different. C．However the positions of oceans changes. D．Surprisingly the area of lands is larger. 2．What would a backward spin bring to Earth? A．The direction of ocean currents and winds would be different. B．Rain would no longer fall on western areas of the lands on Earth. C．Deserts would become larger and cover the planet’s wettest places. D．The size, shapes and positions of lands and oceans would be changed. 3．The passage is most probably taken from a magazine on __________. A．history B．traveling C．biology D．geography 4．Which of the following is the right structure of the passage? A．①--②--③④--⑤⑥ B．①--②--③④⑤--⑥ C．①--②③④⑤--⑥ D．①②--③--④--⑤⑥ ( 04 英语+ 地理 ) （24-25九年级上·江苏南京·月考）Chinese Zhurong rover on the surface of Mars has been doing research into how the planet changed in climate about 400,000 years ago. Mars is also known as the “Red Planet”, because it’s red! It can get pretty cold on Mars, much colder than our own planet, since it’s further away from the sun. Data collected by the Zhurong rover, which landed on Mars in 2021, shows the wind direction on the southern Utopian Plainhad changed 70℃ from north- east to north-west. This caused the crescent-shaped (新月形的) dunes (沙丘) that had formed during the last glacial (冰川的) period into long, dark ridges. A ridge is a raised line where two sloping surfaces (坡面) meet. Scientists analyzed (分析) the wind direction by studying the surface structure of Mars. The ridges were once discovered by spacecraft in the orbit of Mars but it was never clear what caused their formation. The Zhurong ro ver went into sleeping mode in May 2022 and was meant to start operations in December 2022 but has been out of action since, most likely because it is covered in dust. It was the first Chinese rover to land on Mars. China also placed its Tianwen-1 orbiter (轨道器) around Mars, which sent the data collected by the Zhurong ro ver to the earth. Tianwen-1 entered Mars’s orbit on February 10, 2021. “The research on the climate change of Mars has been of great concern (关注) for a long time,” said Li Chunlai, a scientist of the study. Mars is the most similar planet to the earth in the solar system, so understanding the climate evolution of Mars helps scientists better understand the history of the earth and other planets. 1．It’s very cold on Mars because ________. A．it’s a red planet B．it’s far from the sun C．it’s smaller than the earth D．it’s over 40000 years old 2．Which picture shows a “ridge” to us? A． B． C． D． 3．Scientists directly got the data on Mars from ________. A．the Zhurong rover B．the Tianwen-1 orbiter C．the Tiangong space station D．the satellite around the earth 4．What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A．Scientists’ hard work. B．The climate evolution of Mars. C．The importance of the research. D．The history of the earth and other planets. ( 05 英语+ 物理 ) （2025·福建漳州·二模）Most plants get the most of their water from the ground, even the tallest trees. That water makes its way up to their leaves. But how does it get all the way up there? Using a phenomenon (现象) called “capillary action (毛细管作用)”, plants take up water kind of like drinking through a straw (吸管). Welcome to the Sunshine Smart Kids Lab. Now, let’s watch this effect carefully using a common vegetable—celery (芹菜). Materials needed: or A tall glass water a measuring cup celery Food coloring Experimental Steps (Ask an adult to use the knife.): 1. Measure out half a cup of water and add it to the tall glass. 2. Add about 20 drops of food coloring to the water. 3. Cut the end of the celery stalk (秆) to make a fresh surface. 4. Put the celery stalk into the glass with the cut side in the water. 5. You can use the celery to stir (搅拌) the water so it mixes with the food coloring. Leave your celery in the glass for a day or two and watch it carefully often. What happens? You should see color coming up into the leaves of your celery. Have an adult cut into the celery so you can see how the colored water has traveled. You can also try this with white flowers. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By raising a question. C．By telling the reason. D．By giving an example. 2．Which picture can correctly show the fourth step of the experiment? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The glass. B．The celery. C．The water. D．The food coloring. 4．What’s the main purpose of this text? A．To learn about how celery grows. B．To find out how plants get the energy. C．To test the condition of “capillary action”. D．To explore how plants take up water. 5．Where can we probably find this text? A．A news website. B．A storybook. C．A science magazine. D．An art textbook. ( 06 英语+ 物理 ) （2025·福建厦门·二模）A scale (天平), a baseball bat and a bottle opener—they are all levers (杠杆), but each belongs to a different class. These classes aren’t like the ones in school. Instead, they tell you where the lever’s fulcrum, effort and load are. You need: ruler (the lever) marker (the fulcrum) can (the load) hair bands (to keep the load in place) ◆ The fulcrum is the place the lever rests and turns. It doesn’t move. ◆ You give the effort at the place you push or pull the lever. ◆ The load is the thing that gets moved. In a first-class lever, the fulcrum is always between the effort and the load. When you push the empty end of the ruler down, you give the effort, and the can is lifted. In a second-class lever, such as a wheel cart (带轮推车) and a plier (钳子), the load is always between the fulcrum and the effort. When you lift the empty end of the ruler, you give the effort and the can is lifted. In a third-class lever, the effort is always between the fulcrum and the load. When you lift the middle of the ruler, you give the effort, and the can is lifted. It takes more effort to lift the can, but the can moves farther and faster. 1．What is a fulcrum in a lever? A．The thing that gets moved. B．The part which is pushed or pulled. C．The side that supports the weight. D．The point where the lever sits and turns. 2．What are hair bands used for in the lever activity? A．To keep the can in place. B．To balance the marker on the ruler. C．To make the ruler heavier. D．To know how high the can is lifted. 3．As a second-class lever, which part is the load of the wheel cart in the picture? A． B． C． D． 4．According to the text, which is a third-class lever? A．A scale. B．A plier. C．A baseball bat. D．A bottle opener. 5．Which subject is the text about? A．Math. B．Physics. C．Chemistry. D．Biology. ( 07 英语+语文 ) （25-26九年级上·四川内江·期中） A Farewell (告别) Song Wang Wei No dust (尘土) is raised on the road wet with morning rain; The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again. West of the Sunny Pass no more friends will be seen. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. A Farewell Song is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in the Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. “No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain.” “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”. A picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After the morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends. “I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the Sunny Pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend. A Farewell Song creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 1．When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter. 2．What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in ancient China? A．The morning rain. B．The willow branch. C．The hotel. D．The fan. 3．Which of the following rhymes (押韵) is RIGHT for this poem? A．aa-bb. B．ab-ab. C．ab-cd. D．ab-ba. 4．What did Wang Wei want to show in this poem? A．To show his excitement after seeing his old friend. B．To show his joy before separating from his friend. C．To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell. D．To show his deep feelings to his friends and family. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $