热点05 跨学科融合阅读（物理+生物+化学+语文）（时文阅读+重难词汇+长难句精析）2026年中考英语趋势性主题阅读

热点05 跨学科融合阅读（物理+生物+化学+语文） 热点05 1 英语+物理 介绍滑梯背后的科学原理，关联牛顿定律、摩擦力、重力 2 英语+物理 介绍了三峡大坝，关联连通器原理 3 英语+物理 讨论真实潜艇如何通过控制浮力来下潜和上浮，关联浮力 4 英语+生物 植物制造食物和氧气的过程，以及适应环境的特殊方式。关联：光合作用 5 英语+化学 通过化学方法提取DNA的实验 6 英语+语文 赏析了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》 7 英语+语文 介绍了中秋节以及李白的诗作《静夜思》。 ( 0 1 英语+物理 ) （2025·广东深圳·三模）Slides are simple but always fun. All you need to do is climb up to the top and slide down. But did you know that there is science behind this simple playground equipment (设备)? ①You climb up the slide and sit down. You are ready to go. Are you sliding down? No, not yet. Things stay still (静止) unless something makes them ______. It is Newton’s first law. So you have to give yourself a push to start the journey down. ②Now you are sliding down. Do you feel you are slowing down a bit? When two things rub (摩擦) against each other, they cause friction (摩擦力). Without friction, you will slide down faster and faster to the bottom. ③At the bottom of the slide, you come to a full stop. Your feet touch the ground and add extra friction. Newton’s first law also says moving things keep moving unless something makes them stop. So, if you do not use your feet, you’ll fly off the slide. Isaac Newton said what goes up must come down. He was talking about gravity. Slides work because of gravity. But that is not at all. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact B．By giving an example C．By telling a story D．By asking a question 2．The best word for the blank is ______. A．stop B．fly off C．move D．change direction 3．Which picture explains why you slow down a bit when sliding down? A． B． C． D． 4．What would happen if you do not use your feet at the bottom of the slide? A．You would stay still. B．You would stop immediately. C．You would add extra fiction. D．You would slide uncontrollably. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fun with a slide B．Science behind a slide C．Newton’s first law D．Secrets of gravity ( 02 英语+物理 ) （2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）The Three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝), lying on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, is one of the largest and most amazing engineering projects in the world. It stands proudly between the beautiful mountains of Xiling Gorge, showing the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, often caused serious floods in the past, bringing disasters to millions of people. To solve this problem and create clean energy, the Chinese government decided to build a huge dam. People began to build the Three Gorges Dam in 1994. And it took over 12 years to complete. Thousands of workers used modern machines and technology to make this dream come true. They moved mountains, changed the river’s path (路径) to build the dam, which is about 2.3 kilometers long and 185 meters high—as tall as a 60-story building! Today, the dam plays a key role in China. It has greatly reduced flood risks, protecting cities and farmlands. The dam’s power stations produce clean electricity for millions of homes and factories, helping reduce air pollution. Its connected vessel system (连通器系统) helps ships pass. Ships enter a lock (水闸), and gates close. Water level inside the lock rises or falls to match the next section. When the water levels become the same, gates open, and the ship moves to the next lock. The Three Gorges Dam is not just a dam—it’s a symbol of China’s courage and creativity. Visitors from around the world come to see this modern wonder. Students learn about its scientific achievements and the spirit of teamwork behind it. The dam teaches us that with determination (决心), humans can overcome even the most difficult challenges of nature. 1．What are the uses of the Three Gorges Dam according to the passage? ①Controlling floods        ②Producing clean energy ③Creating new tourist places    ④Improving ship transportation A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．What physics principle (原理) allows ships to pass through the dam’s gates smoothly? A． B． C． D． 3．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1    ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To list the dam’s benefits to society. B．To describe challenges in building the dam. C．To explain why Chinese people built the dam. D．To praise Chinese people’s wisdom and creativity. ( 03 英语+物理 ) （2025·山东德州·一模）“Hey Mia, how do real submarines sink and rise underwater again?” “It’s about buoyancy (浮力)! They control water and air in tanks. Let’s build a bottle model to test it!” Here’s how to make a model submarine (潜水艇) that dives and comes up from underwater like a real one. Materials Plastic bottle; Tape (胶带); Four coins; Thin rubber or plastic tube (管子); Waterproof modeling clay (防水黏土)—not real clay, which dissolves (溶解) in water; Small scissors; Tub (盆). Steps 1. Cut two small holes on one side of the bottle. Tape coins to that side of the bottle. Remove cap; seal (密封) the tube to the bottle with clay. 2. Fill tub with water; put bottle in and let it fill with water. 3. Gently blow into the tube and watch what happens. Stop blowing and close the tube with your thumb. Lift your thumb and watch what happens. Result When you blow, air pushes out water; the bottle becomes lighter and comes up. Bottle sinks when it fills with water and coins weight it down. Coins keep holes pointing downward, so air does not escape. When you stop blowing and seal the tube with your thumb, the bottle floats. Lift your thumb, air escapes through the tube and the bottle sinks. A real submarine works this way, by filling tanks with air or water. 1．What are Liam and Mia mainly discussing? A．Making a model submarine. B．How real submarines sink and rise. C．The importance of waterproof clay. D．Collecting plastic bottles. 2．Why are the coins taped to the bottle? A．To decorate the model. B．To keep holes pointing downward. C．To prevent the clay from dissolving. D．To make the bottle heavier. 3．If you blow into the tube, what happens? A．The bottle will fill with water. B．The bottle will be empty. C．The bottle will sink. D．The bottle will rise. 4．What is the correct order of making the model submarine? ①Cut holes and tape coins.          ②Seal the tube with clay. ③Put the bottle in water.            ④Blow into the tube. A．①→②→③→④ B．①→③→②→④ C．②→①→③→④ D．③→①→②→④ 5．Mary made a model submarine, but it can’t float. What might be the problem? A．She cut holes on the opposite side of the bottle. B．She taped coins to the bottle. C．She blew too much air into the bottle. D．She used waterproof modeling clay. ( 04 英语+生物 ) （2025·广东江门·二模）Plants are nature’s amazing food makers. Unlike animals, plants cannot move around to find food. Instead, they have developed special ways to get “food” from things around them. One of the main ways is through photosynthesis (光合作用)。 For photosynthesis to happen, plants need three important things—sunlight, water and CO2. They get water through their roots and take in CO2 through stomata (孔)。Chlorophyll (叶绿素) is responsible for catching sunlight. When these three things come together, something wonderful happens. ▲ First they make glucose (葡萄糖) which is the plant’s food. Second, they produce O2 for animals and humans to breathe. This is why plants are so important——they clean the air by taking in CO2 from the air and giving off O2. Different plants have adapted to the environment in their special ways to survive. Desert plants usually have thick bodies to store water. They keep their stomata closed during the hot day and only open them at night to do photosynthesis. This helps them survive in dry conditions. Another example is water lilies (水百合). These plants grow in fakes. Their leaves spread across the water to collect sunlight. They have stomata only on the top side of their leaves to take’ in air. This special design helps them live well in water. Thanks to photosynthesis, plants not only feed themselves but also support life on Earth! 1．What are the important things for photosynthesis to happen? ①H2O    ②sunlight    ③O2    ④CO2 A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2? A．There is nothing from photosynthesis. B．People know a lot about photosynthesis. C．Humans show no interest in photosynthesis. D．There are two important products of photosynthesis. 3．What does the underlined phrase “adapted to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Stuck to. B．Looked after. C．Got used to. D．Paid attention to. 4．How does the writer organize Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By expressing opinions. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Why Animals Need Plants B．The Secret Life of Desert Plants C．The Conditions of Photosynthesis D．How Plants Make Life Possible ( 05 英语+化学 ) （2025·浙江台州·一模） DNA is a special part inside every cell (细胞). It tells the cell what to be—part of a human, an animal, or a plant. Here’s a way to see your own DNA! What you’ll need ◈A clear cup   ◈A spoon   ◈Salt ◈Dish soap (洗洁精)   ◈Isopropyl alcohol (酒精) The most important! Ask adults to help deal with alcohol!!! What to do Put on your safety glasses-we’re about to do some chemistry! ❖ Put a half spoon of salt into a glass half full of water. ❖ Take a mouthful of the saltwater and keep it in your mouth for a minute, but don’t swallow (吞咽) it. ❖ Pour the saltwater back into the glass. The mixture now has some cells from your mouth! ❖ Add one drop of dish soap to the saltwater mixture and mix it gently. Try not to make suds (泡沫). ❖ Next, ask an adult to slowly pour some drops of isopropyl alcohol down the side of the cup so that it sits on top of the salty soapy water. Don’t shake. ❖ In about a minute you should see tiny white, thread-like (线形的) things forming on the top of the alcohol. This is your DNA! 1．Which is the most important when doing the experiment (实验)? A．A clear cup. B．A spoon. C．Dish soap. D．An adult’s help. 2．What is the correct order of “see your DNA”? ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ A．①⑤②③④ B．①②③⑤④ C．①②④⑤③ D．②④①③⑤ 3．In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Art. B．Health. C．Science. D．Culture. ( 06 英语+语文 ) （2025·浙江丽水·二模） Happy Rain on a Spring Night—Du Fu Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute, it wets everything. Over wild lanes (小路) dark cloud spreads; In boat a lantern looms(突然出现). Dawn (黎明) sees saturated (湿透的) reds; The town’s heavy with blooms (开花). ①This famous poem, with four couplets (对句), was written by Du Fu (712—770, Tang Dynasty) when he was living and farming in Chengdu. His farming experience taught him to be thankful to nature. The very first word, “good”, shows the poet’s happiness and love for the spring rain. The rain is good because it “knows” the right time to come. Here the poet uses personification (拟人), as if the rain were smart enough to come in time for the farmer’s busy season. ②When the rain comes, it appears during the night when people are sleeping. It doesn’t make loud noises like summer storms with thunder and lightning. Instead, the raindrops fall gently on roofs and windows, but no one hears them. By morning, the rain is already gone. It leaves fresh water on flowers and grass, cleans the air, and helps plants grow. People only notice the wet ground, shiny leaves, and the nice smell of soil after the rain. Spring rain does its job secretly, never asking for attention. ③In the third couplet, the poet describes a peaceful scene to us. In the night sky, the clouds look dark and heavy. It’s a sign that there will be enough rain during the night. The light from the riverboat makes the dark scene a bit livelier. ④Lastly, the poet starts to imagine. Tomorrow morning he thinks, the city of Chengdu will become beautiful when all of the flowers bloom after the rain. 1．Why does Du Fu use personification to describe the spring rain, according to Paragraph 1? A．To compare the rain to a farmer working in the fields. B．To show that the rain falls heavily during summer storms. C．To explain how the rain cleans the air and waters the flowers. D．To suggest the rain is intelligent and arrives at the perfect time for farming. 2．Which of the following statements also uses personification? A．In boat a lantern looms. B．With wind it steals in night. C．It will fall when comes spring. D．The town’s heavy with blooms. 3．Which word can describe the rain in the poem, according to Paragraph 2? A．Busy. B．Dark. C．Quiet. D．Quick. 4．What does Du Fu want to show in this poem? A．He’s thankful to nature. B．He loves and enjoys farming. C．He expects the flowers to bloom. D．He would like to always live in Chengdu. ( 07 英语+语文 ) （25-26九年级上·吉林长春·期中）The Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as the Moon Festival, is a very important traditional holiday in China. It has a history of 2,000 years. During these 2,000 years, lots of Mid-Autumn traditions have been thought up by Chinese people. All the celebrations show the happiness and excitement of people. The main celebrations during the Mid-Autumn Festival are admiring the moon, enjoying mooncakes together and making Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival lanterns. These three celebrations have been passed from generation (代) to generation. The Chinese may think the Mid-Autumn Festival is not coming if they don’t do these three things. The Mid-Autumn Festival is, therefore, a celebration that combines family values, delicious food, and ancient stories. There is a famous legend connected with the Mid-Autumn Festival about Chang’e, a lady who is said to live on the moon. In the literary (文学) history of China, many poets (诗人) penned praise to the pure moon of Mid-Autumn night and gave words to their delicate feelings. The following is one of the best of those poems (诗). Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (Tang) Li Bai Before my bed, a pool of light. Can it be hoar-frost on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright; Bowing, in homesickness, I’m drowned. Li Bai used his words to express his homesickness on a full moon night. 1．What do all the celebrations of the Mid-Autumn Festival show? A．The value of people. B．The differences of people. C．The homesickness of people. D．The happiness and excitement of people. 2．How many main kinds of celebrations are mentioned? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How does Li Bai express his homesick feelings? A．By praising the moon. B．By praising the sun. C．By praising the frost. D．By praising the ground. 4．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The ground. B．The moon light. C．The hoar-frost. D．The homesickness. 5．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The Mid-Autumn Festival has a history of 1,000 years. B．Legend of Chang’e is connected with a mooncake. C．Thoughts on a Tranquil Night is written by Li Bai. D．Li Bai made up a story to express his homesickness. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点05 跨学科融合阅读（物理+生物+化学+语文） 热点05 1 英语+物理 介绍滑梯背后的科学原理，关联牛顿定律、摩擦力、重力 2 英语+物理 介绍了三峡大坝，关联连通器原理 3 英语+物理 讨论真实潜艇如何通过控制浮力来下潜和上浮，关联浮力 4 英语+生物 植物制造食物和氧气的过程，以及适应环境的特殊方式。关联：光合作用 5 英语+化学 通过化学方法提取DNA的实验 6 英语+语文 赏析了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》 7 英语+语文 介绍了中秋节以及李白的诗作《静夜思》。 ( 0 1 英语+物理 ) （2025·广东深圳·三模）Slides are simple but always fun. All you need to do is climb up to the top and slide down. But did you know that there is science behind this simple playground equipment (设备)? ①You climb up the slide and sit down. You are ready to go. Are you sliding down? No, not yet. Things stay still (静止) unless something makes them ______. It is Newton’s first law. So you have to give yourself a push to start the journey down. ②Now you are sliding down. Do you feel you are slowing down a bit? When two things rub (摩擦) against each other, they cause friction (摩擦力). Without friction, you will slide down faster and faster to the bottom. ③At the bottom of the slide, you come to a full stop. Your feet touch the ground and add extra friction. Newton’s first law also says moving things keep moving unless something makes them stop. So, if you do not use your feet, you’ll fly off the slide. Isaac Newton said what goes up must come down. He was talking about gravity. Slides work because of gravity. But that is not at all. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact B．By giving an example C．By telling a story D．By asking a question 2．The best word for the blank is ______. A．stop B．fly off C．move D．change direction 3．Which picture explains why you slow down a bit when sliding down? A． B． C． D． 4．What would happen if you do not use your feet at the bottom of the slide? A．You would stay still. B．You would stop immediately. C．You would add extra fiction. D．You would slide uncontrollably. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fun with a slide B．Science behind a slide C．Newton’s first law D．Secrets of gravity 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是科普说明文介绍滑梯背后的科学原理，关联牛顿定律等，向读者普及物理原理在日常设施中的体现。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But did you know that there is science behind this simple playground equipment (设备)?”可知，用问问题的方式开启文章。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章“Things stay still (静止) unless something makes them”可知，物体静止除非有东西让它们“move”运动。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“When two things rub (摩擦) against each other, they cause friction (摩擦力).”可知，下滑时减速是因为摩擦力，图B有“friction”标识。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章“So, if you do not use your feet, you’ll fly off the slide.”可知，不用脚会无法控制滑动。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕滑梯背后的科学如牛顿定律、摩擦力、重力等展开，“Science behind a slide”最适合。故选B。 重难词汇: slide​ /slaɪd/n. 滑梯；滑动v. 滑动 equipment​ /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/n. 设备，器材 friction​ /ˈfrɪkʃn/n. 摩擦力 gravity​ /ˈɡrævəti/n. 重力 uncontrollably​ /ˌʌnkənˈtrəʊləbli/ adv. 无法控制地 still​ /stɪl/ adj. 静止的 长难句精析： 1. Things stay still unless something makes them move. 翻译：​物体保持静止，除非有外力使它运动。 分析：​这是一个含有“unless”引导的条件状语从句的复合句，结构清晰。“stay”是系动词，“still”是形容词作表语。 2. Without friction, you will slide down faster and faster to the bottom. 翻译：​如果没有摩擦力，你会滑得越来越快，直到滑梯底部。 分析：​本句使用“without”引导条件状语，主句是“you will slide...”。“faster and faster”是比较级的叠用，表示“越来越快”。 3. Newton’s first law also says moving things keep moving unless something makes them stop. 翻译：​牛顿第一定律也指出，运动的物体会保持运动，除非有外力使它停止。 分析：​主语是“Newton’s first law”，谓语动词是“says”，后面是省略“that”的宾语从句，其中“moving things”是主语，“keep moving”是谓语，接着是“unless”引导的条件状语从句。 ( 02 英语+物理 ) （2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）The Three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝), lying on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, is one of the largest and most amazing engineering projects in the world. It stands proudly between the beautiful mountains of Xiling Gorge, showing the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, often caused serious floods in the past, bringing disasters to millions of people. To solve this problem and create clean energy, the Chinese government decided to build a huge dam. People began to build the Three Gorges Dam in 1994. And it took over 12 years to complete. Thousands of workers used modern machines and technology to make this dream come true. They moved mountains, changed the river’s path (路径) to build the dam, which is about 2.3 kilometers long and 185 meters high—as tall as a 60-story building! Today, the dam plays a key role in China. It has greatly reduced flood risks, protecting cities and farmlands. The dam’s power stations produce clean electricity for millions of homes and factories, helping reduce air pollution. Its connected vessel system (连通器系统) helps ships pass. Ships enter a lock (水闸), and gates close. Water level inside the lock rises or falls to match the next section. When the water levels become the same, gates open, and the ship moves to the next lock. The Three Gorges Dam is not just a dam—it’s a symbol of China’s courage and creativity. Visitors from around the world come to see this modern wonder. Students learn about its scientific achievements and the spirit of teamwork behind it. The dam teaches us that with determination (决心), humans can overcome even the most difficult challenges of nature. 1．What are the uses of the Three Gorges Dam according to the passage? ①Controlling floods        ②Producing clean energy ③Creating new tourist places    ④Improving ship transportation A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．What physics principle (原理) allows ships to pass through the dam’s gates smoothly? A． B． C． D． 3．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1    ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To list the dam’s benefits to society. B．To describe challenges in building the dam. C．To explain why Chinese people built the dam. D．To praise Chinese people’s wisdom and creativity. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了三峡大坝，包括其地理位置、建设背景、功能及象征意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Today, the dam plays a key role in China. It has greatly reduced flood risks, protecting cities and farmlands. The dam’s power stations produce clean electricity for millions of homes and factories, helping reduce air pollution. Its connected vessel system (连通器系统) helps ships pass.”可知，三峡大坝可防洪、发电以及改善船运条件。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Its connected vessel system (连通器系统) helps ships pass. Ships enter a lock (水闸), and gates close. Water level inside the lock rises or falls to match the next section. When the water levels become the same, gates open, and the ship moves to the next lock.”可知，连通器系统助力船舶通行——船只进入水闸后，闸门关闭，闸室内水位上升或下降至与下一河段齐平，待水位一致时，闸门开启，船只即可驶入下一闸室。连通器原理和图C所示相符。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是引入大坝介绍，第二至四段属于主体，介绍了建设背景、过程和功能作用，最后一段总结升华，呈“总—分—总”结构，与选项C的图示相符。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“The Three Gorges Dam is not just a dam—it’s a symbol of China’s courage and creativity.”可知，三峡大坝象征中国人民的勇气与创造力，结合全文，作者的写作意图在于赞扬中国人民的智慧与创造力。故选D。 重难词汇: engineering​ /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ n. 工程，工程学 creativity​ /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ n. 创造力，创造性 determination​ /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心，果断 长难句精析： 1. The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, often caused serious floods in the past, bringing disasters to millions of people. 翻译：​长江——中国最长的河流——在过去经常引发严重洪水，给数百万人带来灾难。 分析：​主语是“The Yangtze River”，后面是同位语“China’s longest river”对主语进行补充说明。谓语是“caused”，宾语是“floods”。现在分词短语“bringing disasters...”作结果状语，表示洪水造成的结果。 2 Thousands of workers used modern machines and technology to make this dream come true. 翻译：​成千上万的工人使用现代化机械与技术，使这个梦想成为现实。 分析：​本句是简单句，结构为“主语(workers) + 谓语(used) + 宾语(machines and technology)”，不定式短语“to make...”作目的状语，说明工人使用机械与技术的目的。 3. The dam teaches us that with determination, humans can overcome even the most difficult challenges of nature. 翻译：​这座大坝告诉我们，只要有决心，人类就能克服即使是最艰巨的自然挑战。 分析：​主语是“The dam”，谓语是“teaches”，后面是“us”作间接宾语，以及“that”引导的宾语从句作直接宾语。“that”从句中，“with determination”是状语，主句是“humans can overcome...”。 ( 03 英语+物理 ) （2025·山东德州·一模）“Hey Mia, how do real submarines sink and rise underwater again?” “It’s about buoyancy (浮力)! They control water and air in tanks. Let’s build a bottle model to test it!” Here’s how to make a model submarine (潜水艇) that dives and comes up from underwater like a real one. Materials Plastic bottle; Tape (胶带); Four coins; Thin rubber or plastic tube (管子); Waterproof modeling clay (防水黏土)—not real clay, which dissolves (溶解) in water; Small scissors; Tub (盆). Steps 1. Cut two small holes on one side of the bottle. Tape coins to that side of the bottle. Remove cap; seal (密封) the tube to the bottle with clay. 2. Fill tub with water; put bottle in and let it fill with water. 3. Gently blow into the tube and watch what happens. Stop blowing and close the tube with your thumb. Lift your thumb and watch what happens. Result When you blow, air pushes out water; the bottle becomes lighter and comes up. Bottle sinks when it fills with water and coins weight it down. Coins keep holes pointing downward, so air does not escape. When you stop blowing and seal the tube with your thumb, the bottle floats. Lift your thumb, air escapes through the tube and the bottle sinks. A real submarine works this way, by filling tanks with air or water. 1．What are Liam and Mia mainly discussing? A．Making a model submarine. B．How real submarines sink and rise. C．The importance of waterproof clay. D．Collecting plastic bottles. 2．Why are the coins taped to the bottle? A．To decorate the model. B．To keep holes pointing downward. C．To prevent the clay from dissolving. D．To make the bottle heavier. 3．If you blow into the tube, what happens? A．The bottle will fill with water. B．The bottle will be empty. C．The bottle will sink. D．The bottle will rise. 4．What is the correct order of making the model submarine? ①Cut holes and tape coins.          ②Seal the tube with clay. ③Put the bottle in water.            ④Blow into the tube. A．①→②→③→④ B．①→③→②→④ C．②→①→③→④ D．③→①→②→④ 5．Mary made a model submarine, but it can’t float. What might be the problem? A．She cut holes on the opposite side of the bottle. B．She taped coins to the bottle. C．She blew too much air into the bottle. D．She used waterproof modeling clay. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Liam和Mia讨论真实潜艇如何通过控制浮力来下潜和上浮，并通过制作一个瓶子模型来测试这一原理。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Hey Mia, how do real submarines sink and rise underwater again?”和“It’s about buoyancy (浮力)! They control water and air in tanks.”可知，他们主要讨论的是真实潜艇如何通过控制浮力来下潜和上浮。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Coins keep holes pointing downward”可知，硬币被粘在瓶子上是为了让孔朝下。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When you blow, air pushes out water; the bottle becomes lighter and comes up.”可知，当你向管子里吹气时，空气将水排出，瓶子变轻并上浮。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Cut two small holes on one side of the bottle. Tape coins to that side of the bottle. Remove cap; seal (密封) the tube to the bottle with clay.”和“Fill tub with water; put bottle in and let it fill with water.”以及“Gently blow into the tube and watch what happens. Stop blowing and close the tube with your thumb. Lift your thumb and watch what happens.”可知，正确顺序是：切两个小孔，用胶带粘硬币→用粘土密封管子→把瓶子放进水里→往管子里吹气。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“Coins keep holes pointing downward, so air does not escape.”可推知，如果孔不在正确的位置，空气会逸出，导致瓶子无法上浮。故选A。 重难词汇: submarine​ /ˈsʌbməriːn/ n. 潜水艇 buoyancy​ /ˈbɔɪənsi/ n. 浮力 waterproof​ /ˈwɔːtəpruːf/ adj. 防水的 dissolve​ /dɪˈzɒlv/ v. 溶解 seal​ /siːl/ v. 密封 escape​ /ɪˈskeɪp/ v. 逸出，逃脱 长难句精析： 1. Here’s how to make a model submarine that dives and comes up from underwater like a real one. 翻译：​下面介绍如何制作一个模型潜水艇，它能像真潜水艇一样潜入水中并浮出水面。 分析：​本句主干是“Here’s how to make a model submarine”，后面是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰“submarine”，说明其功能。 2. When you blow, air pushes out water; the bottle becomes lighter and comes up. 翻译：​当你吹气时，空气将水排出；瓶子变轻，于是上浮。 分析：​本句是由分号连接的并列句。前一分句包含 when 引导的时间状语从句；后一分句是“主（bottle）+ 系（becomes）+ 表（lighter）”结构，并用 and 连接另一个并列谓语“comes up”。 3. Coins keep holes pointing downward, so air does not escape. 翻译：​硬币使瓶孔保持朝下，这样空气就不会逸出。 分析：​本句是“so”连接的复合句。前半句谓语是“keep”，“holes”是宾语，“pointing downward”是宾语补足语。后半句是结果状语从句。 ( 04 英语+生物 ) （2025·广东江门·二模）Plants are nature’s amazing food makers. Unlike animals, plants cannot move around to find food. Instead, they have developed special ways to get “food” from things around them. One of the main ways is through photosynthesis (光合作用)。 For photosynthesis to happen, plants need three important things—sunlight, water and CO2. They get water through their roots and take in CO2 through stomata (孔)。Chlorophyll (叶绿素) is responsible for catching sunlight. When these three things come together, something wonderful happens. ▲ First they make glucose (葡萄糖) which is the plant’s food. Second, they produce O2 for animals and humans to breathe. This is why plants are so important——they clean the air by taking in CO2 from the air and giving off O2. Different plants have adapted to the environment in their special ways to survive. Desert plants usually have thick bodies to store water. They keep their stomata closed during the hot day and only open them at night to do photosynthesis. This helps them survive in dry conditions. Another example is water lilies (水百合). These plants grow in fakes. Their leaves spread across the water to collect sunlight. They have stomata only on the top side of their leaves to take’ in air. This special design helps them live well in water. Thanks to photosynthesis, plants not only feed themselves but also support life on Earth! 1．What are the important things for photosynthesis to happen? ①H2O    ②sunlight    ③O2    ④CO2 A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2? A．There is nothing from photosynthesis. B．People know a lot about photosynthesis. C．Humans show no interest in photosynthesis. D．There are two important products of photosynthesis. 3．What does the underlined phrase “adapted to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Stuck to. B．Looked after. C．Got used to. D．Paid attention to. 4．How does the writer organize Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By expressing opinions. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Why Animals Need Plants B．The Secret Life of Desert Plants C．The Conditions of Photosynthesis D．How Plants Make Life Possible 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了植物通过光合作用制造食物和氧气的过程，以及不同植物适应环境的特殊方式。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For photosynthesis to happen, plants need three important things—sunlight, water and CO₂.”可知，光合作用需要阳光、水和二氧化碳，即①②④。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“First they make glucose... Second, they produce O₂...”可知，此处介绍了光合作用的两大产物是葡萄糖和氧气。D选项“光合作用有两个重要产物”最符合上下文逻辑。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Different plants have adapted to the environment in their special ways to survive.”可知，不同植物以特殊方式适应环境以生存，“adapted to”意为“适应”，与C选项“Got used to”（习惯）同义。故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章第三段通过沙漠植物和水百合的例子说明植物如何适应环境（如“Desert plants usually have thick bodies...”和“Another example is water lilies...”），属于举例说明。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕植物通过光合作用制造食物和氧气展开，D选项“植物如何让生命成为可能”最全面概括主旨。故选D。 重难词汇: photosynthesis​ /ˌfoʊtəʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/ n. 光合作用 chlorophyll​ /ˈklɔːrəfɪl/ n. 叶绿素 glucose​ /ˈɡluːkəʊs/ n. 葡萄糖 stomata​ /ˈstəʊmətə/ n. 气孔（stoma 的复数） adapt​ /əˈdæpt/ v. 适应 survive​ /səˈvaɪv/ v. 生存 长难句精析： 1. Chlorophyll is responsible for catching sunlight. 翻译​: 叶绿素负责捕捉阳光。 分析​:本句是简单句，主系表结构。“is responsible for” 是固定搭配，意为“对…负责”，动名词短语“catching sunlight”作宾语。 2. This is why plants are so important — they clean the air by taking in CO₂ from the air and giving off O₂. 翻译​:这就是植物如此重要的原因——它们通过从空气中吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气来净化空气。 分析​:本句为主从复合句。why 引导的表语从句说明主语“This”的内容。破折号后是一个同位语从句，对主句进一步解释说明。其中“by taking in… and giving off…”是方式状语，说明“clean the air”的方式。 3. They keep their stomata closed during the hot day and only open them at night to do photosynthesis. 翻译​:它们在炎热的白天关闭气孔，只在夜间打开气孔进行光合作用。 分析​:本句是简单句。主语是“They”，谓语是并列结构“keep… and open…”。短语“keep their stomata closed”是“keep + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，意为“使气孔保持关闭”。不定式短语“to do photosynthesis”作目的状语。 ( 05 英语+化学 ) （2025·浙江台州·一模） DNA is a special part inside every cell (细胞). It tells the cell what to be—part of a human, an animal, or a plant. Here’s a way to see your own DNA! What you’ll need ◈A clear cup   ◈A spoon   ◈Salt ◈Dish soap (洗洁精)   ◈Isopropyl alcohol (酒精) The most important! Ask adults to help deal with alcohol!!! What to do Put on your safety glasses-we’re about to do some chemistry! ❖ Put a half spoon of salt into a glass half full of water. ❖ Take a mouthful of the saltwater and keep it in your mouth for a minute, but don’t swallow (吞咽) it. ❖ Pour the saltwater back into the glass. The mixture now has some cells from your mouth! ❖ Add one drop of dish soap to the saltwater mixture and mix it gently. Try not to make suds (泡沫). ❖ Next, ask an adult to slowly pour some drops of isopropyl alcohol down the side of the cup so that it sits on top of the salty soapy water. Don’t shake. ❖ In about a minute you should see tiny white, thread-like (线形的) things forming on the top of the alcohol. This is your DNA! 1．Which is the most important when doing the experiment (实验)? A．A clear cup. B．A spoon. C．Dish soap. D．An adult’s help. 2．What is the correct order of “see your DNA”? ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ A．①⑤②③④ B．①②③⑤④ C．①②④⑤③ D．②④①③⑤ 3．In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Art. B．Health. C．Science. D．Culture. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个关于DNA的实验，包括实验所需材料和实验步骤等。 1．细节理解题。根据“The most important! Ask adults to help deal with alcohol!!!”可知，做实验时，最重要的是成人帮忙处理酒精。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根“What to do...Put a half spoon of salt into a glass half full of water...In about a minute you should see tiny white, thread-like (线形的) things forming on the top of the alcohol.”中提到的步骤可知，实验步骤为：在水中加入盐；接着，嘴里含一口盐水一分钟，不要吞咽；然后吐到玻璃杯里；接着，轻轻地往盐水混合物里加一滴洗洁精；随后加入酒精；最后，大约一分钟后，在酒精的顶部会形成微小的白色线状物。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了一个科学小实验，属于科普内容。故应出现在杂志的科学版块。故选C。 重难词汇: cell​ /sel/ n. 细胞 mixture​ /ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/ n. 混合物 swallow​ /ˈswɒləʊ/ v. 吞咽 thread-like​ /ˈθred laɪk/ adj. 线状的 长难句精析： 1. DNA is a special part inside every cell. It tells the cell what to be—part of a human, an animal, or a plant. 翻译: DNA是每个细胞内部的一个特殊部分。它告诉细胞要成为什么——成为人类、动物或植物的一部分。 分析: 这是两个简单句。第一句为主系表结构，说明DNA是什么。第二句包含一个宾语从句“what to be…”，解释DNA的功能。破折号引出同位语，对“what to be”进行具体说明。 2. Next, ask an adult to slowly pour some drops of isopropyl alcohol down the side of the cup so that it sits on top of the salty soapy water. 翻译: 接下来，请一位成年人沿着杯壁慢慢滴入几滴异丙醇，使酒精能停留在咸的肥皂水的上层。 分析: 本句是一个包含目的状语从句的复合句。主句是祈使句“ask an adult to pour…”。“so that”引导目的状语从句，说明缓慢沿杯壁倒入酒精的目的——形成分层。 3. In about a minute you should see tiny white, thread-like things forming on the top of the alcohol. 翻译: 大约一分钟后，你应该会看到一些微小的、线状的白色物质在酒精层顶部形成。 分析: 本句是简单句。主干为“you should see things forming”，其中“forming…”是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。“tiny white, thread-like”是并列的形容词，修饰“things”。 ( 06 英语+语文 ) （2025·浙江丽水·二模） Happy Rain on a Spring Night—Du Fu Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute, it wets everything. Over wild lanes (小路) dark cloud spreads; In boat a lantern looms(突然出现). Dawn (黎明) sees saturated (湿透的) reds; The town’s heavy with blooms (开花). ①This famous poem, with four couplets (对句), was written by Du Fu (712—770, Tang Dynasty) when he was living and farming in Chengdu. His farming experience taught him to be thankful to nature. The very first word, “good”, shows the poet’s happiness and love for the spring rain. The rain is good because it “knows” the right time to come. Here the poet uses personification (拟人), as if the rain were smart enough to come in time for the farmer’s busy season. ②When the rain comes, it appears during the night when people are sleeping. It doesn’t make loud noises like summer storms with thunder and lightning. Instead, the raindrops fall gently on roofs and windows, but no one hears them. By morning, the rain is already gone. It leaves fresh water on flowers and grass, cleans the air, and helps plants grow. People only notice the wet ground, shiny leaves, and the nice smell of soil after the rain. Spring rain does its job secretly, never asking for attention. ③In the third couplet, the poet describes a peaceful scene to us. In the night sky, the clouds look dark and heavy. It’s a sign that there will be enough rain during the night. The light from the riverboat makes the dark scene a bit livelier. ④Lastly, the poet starts to imagine. Tomorrow morning he thinks, the city of Chengdu will become beautiful when all of the flowers bloom after the rain. 1．Why does Du Fu use personification to describe the spring rain, according to Paragraph 1? A．To compare the rain to a farmer working in the fields. B．To show that the rain falls heavily during summer storms. C．To explain how the rain cleans the air and waters the flowers. D．To suggest the rain is intelligent and arrives at the perfect time for farming. 2．Which of the following statements also uses personification? A．In boat a lantern looms. B．With wind it steals in night. C．It will fall when comes spring. D．The town’s heavy with blooms. 3．Which word can describe the rain in the poem, according to Paragraph 2? A．Busy. B．Dark. C．Quiet. D．Quick. 4．What does Du Fu want to show in this poem? A．He’s thankful to nature. B．He loves and enjoys farming. C．He expects the flowers to bloom. D．He would like to always live in Chengdu. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】 本文是一篇诗歌赏析类文章，主要赏析了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》，介绍了这首诗的创作背景，并逐句分析诗歌内容，展现了春雨的默默奉献以及诗人对自然的感恩之情。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Here the poet uses personification (拟人), as if the rain were smart enough to come in time for the farmer’s busy season.”可知，杜甫用拟人的手法描述春雨，是为了表明春雨很聪明，能在农民忙碌的季节及时到来。故选D。 2．推理判断题。A选项“In boat a lantern looms.”只是描述船上灯笼突然出现的情景，未使用拟人；B选项“With wind it steals in night.”中“steals”将雨拟人化，赋予其偷偷进入的动作，使用了拟人手法；C选项“It will fall when comes spring.”只是陈述春雨在春天到来时会落下这一事实，未使用拟人；D选项“The town’s heavy with blooms.”只是描述城镇繁花盛开的景象，未使用拟人。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It doesn’t make loud noises like summer storms with thunder and lightning. Instead, the raindrops fall gently on roofs and windows, but no one hears them.”可知，春雨不像夏天的暴风雨那样伴随着雷电发出巨大的声响，而是静静地落下，没有人能听到，所以用“Quiet”（安静的）来形容春雨很合适。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“His farming experience taught him to be thankful to nature. The very first word, ‘good’, shows the poet’s happiness and love for the spring rain.”以及全文对春雨的描述可知，杜甫在这首诗中想要表达的是他对自然的感恩之情。故选A。 重难词汇: couplet​ /ˈkʌplət/ n. 对句，对联 personification​ /pəˌsɒnɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 拟人（修辞手法） loom​ /luːm/ v. （尤指朦胧或隐约地）出现 saturated​ /ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/ adj. 湿透的；饱和的 thunder​ /ˈθʌndə(r)/ n. 雷声 长难句精析： 1. The very first word, “good”, shows the poet’s happiness and love for the spring rain. 翻译​: 诗篇第一个字“好”，就表达了诗人对春雨的喜悦与喜爱。 分析​：这是一个简单句。主语是“The very first word”，后面“good”是同位语，起补充说明的作用。谓语“shows”后接宾语“the poet's happiness and love for the spring rain”。 2. The rain is good because it “knows” the right time to come. 翻译​：春雨之所以“好”，是因为它“懂得”在恰当的时节降临。 分析​：这是一个复合句。“because”引导原因状语从句，说明雨“好”的原因。从句中使用引号强调拟人手法，谓语“knows”赋予雨以人的智慧。 3. Spring rain does its job secretly, never asking for attention. 翻译​：春雨默默地完成它的工作，从不求关注。 分析​：本句是简单句，主干是“Spring rain does its job”。“secretly”是副词作状语，修饰“does”。“never asking for attention”是现在分词短语作伴随状语，生动补充了春雨不张扬的特质。 ( 07 英语+语文 ) （25-26九年级上·吉林长春·期中）The Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as the Moon Festival, is a very important traditional holiday in China. It has a history of 2,000 years. During these 2,000 years, lots of Mid-Autumn traditions have been thought up by Chinese people. All the celebrations show the happiness and excitement of people. The main celebrations during the Mid-Autumn Festival are admiring the moon, enjoying mooncakes together and making Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival lanterns. These three celebrations have been passed from generation (代) to generation. The Chinese may think the Mid-Autumn Festival is not coming if they don’t do these three things. The Mid-Autumn Festival is, therefore, a celebration that combines family values, delicious food, and ancient stories. There is a famous legend connected with the Mid-Autumn Festival about Chang’e, a lady who is said to live on the moon. In the literary (文学) history of China, many poets (诗人) penned praise to the pure moon of Mid-Autumn night and gave words to their delicate feelings. The following is one of the best of those poems (诗). Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (Tang) Li Bai Before my bed, a pool of light. Can it be hoar-frost on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright; Bowing, in homesickness, I’m drowned. Li Bai used his words to express his homesickness on a full moon night. 1．What do all the celebrations of the Mid-Autumn Festival show? A．The value of people. B．The differences of people. C．The homesickness of people. D．The happiness and excitement of people. 2．How many main kinds of celebrations are mentioned? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How does Li Bai express his homesick feelings? A．By praising the moon. B．By praising the sun. C．By praising the frost. D．By praising the ground. 4．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A．The ground. B．The moon light. C．The hoar-frost. D．The homesickness. 5．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The Mid-Autumn Festival has a history of 1,000 years. B．Legend of Chang’e is connected with a mooncake. C．Thoughts on a Tranquil Night is written by Li Bai. D．Li Bai made up a story to express his homesickness. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了中国中秋节的历史、主要庆祝活动、相关传说以及李白的诗作《静夜思》。 1．细节理解题。根据“All the celebrations show the happiness and excitement of people.”可知，所有的庆祝活动都展现了人们的幸福和喜悦。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The main celebrations during the Mid-Autumn Festival are admiring the moon, enjoying mooncakes together and making Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival lanterns.”可知，文中提到了赏月、共食月饼、制作中秋灯笼这三种主要庆祝方式。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the literary history of China, many poets penned praise to the pure moon of Mid-Autumn night and gave words to their delicate feelings.”以及“Li Bai used his words to express his homesickness on a full moon night.”可知，李白通过赞美月亮来表达思乡之情。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Before my bed, a pool of light. Can it be hoar-frost on the ground?”可知，前一句描述床前有一片月光，后一句推测“它”是否为地上的白霜，因此“it”指代前文的月光。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (Tang) Li Bai”可知，《静夜思》是李白的诗作，C选项表述正确。故选C。 重难词汇: generation​ /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n. 一代（人） combine​ /kəmˈbaɪn/ v. 结合，联合 legend​ /ˈledʒənd/n. 传说，传奇故事 literary​ /ˈlɪtərəri/ adj. 文学的，文学上的 homesickness​ /ˈhəʊmsɪknəs/ n. 思乡之情 长难句精析： 1. The Mid-Autumn Festival is, therefore, a celebration that combines family values, delicious food, and ancient stories. 翻译​：因此，中秋节是一种融合了家庭价值观、美味食物和古老传说的庆祝活动。 分析​：本句是主从复合句。主句主干是“The festival is a celebration”。“therefore”是插入语，表结果。that引导定语从句修饰celebration，其中包含三个并列宾语“family values, delicious food, and ancient stories”。 2. There is a famous legend connected with the Mid-Autumn Festival about Chang’e, a lady who is said to live on the moon. 翻译​：有一个与中秋节有关的著名传说，是关于嫦娥的，据说她住在月亮上。 分析​： 本句是复合句。主干是“There is a famous legend”。“connected with…”是过去分词短语作定语。“a lady”是Chang’e的同位语，后面接who引导的定语从句。 3. In the literary history of China, many poets penned praise to the pure moon of Mid-Autumn night and gave words to their delicate feelings. 翻译​：在中国文学史上，许多诗人赞美中秋之夜皎洁的明月，并用文字表达他们细腻的情感。 分析​：这是一个简单句，包含两个并列谓语“penned praise and gave words”。介词短语“In the literary history of China”作状语，点明时间背景。 4. Bowing, in homesickness, I’m drowned. 翻译​：低头沉思，沉浸在思乡之情中。 分析​：这是一个简单句，但结构精炼富有诗意。现在分词“Bowing”作伴随状语，介词短语“in homesickness”是插入语表示原因，主干是“I’m drowned”，使用被动语态形象表达被思乡之情淹没的状态。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $