内容正文:
易错08助动词和情态动词(4大易错点+3大避坑点)
目录
第一部分 易错点剖析 1
易错01 助动词的种类和用法 1
易错02 情态动词的种类和用法 4
易错03 常见情态动词的比较 9
易错04 情态动词表示推测 11
第二部分 易错点闯关 15
易错01 助动词的种类和用法
易错典题
【例1】用所给词的适当形式填空
(25-26高一上·北京·期中)Not only (do) the girl apologize to her best friend, but she also made a sincere promise to respect each other’s feelings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】did
【详解】考查倒装句与时态。句意:这个女孩不仅向她最好的朋友道歉了,还真诚地承诺会尊重彼此的感受。分析句子结构可知,“Not only...”位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装结构,助动词提到主语之前;结合后半句“made”(一般过去时),Not only引出的句子也需用一般过去时,助动词do的过去式是did,放在主语the girl之前,符合语境。故填did。
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being)、2.助动词have(has,had,having)
3.助动词shall(should),will(would)4、4.助动词do(does,did)
【干货必记】
用法:1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being)
与现在分词连用,构成进行时态;与过去分词连用,构成被动语态。
Karl is playing badminton with Linda.卡尔正在和琳达打羽毛球。
His mother was killed in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake.
他的妈妈在2008年的汶川地震中丧生了。
2.助动词have(has,had,having)
与过去分词连用,构成完成时态。
Ketty has seen the Backstreets Boys in a concert in Beijing.
凯蒂已经在北京的一场音乐会上见到后街男孩了。
3.助动词shall(should),will(would)
与动词连用,构成将来时态。
We shall be very happy to see you.我们见到你会很高兴的。
I will make Charlie a chocolate cake tomorrow.我明天将为查理制作一块巧克力蛋糕。
4.助动词do(does,did)
与其他动词连用,构成否定句或疑问句。
I don’t like having a barbecue in hot weather.我不喜欢在炎热的天气吃烤肉。
Does your uncle keep pets?你叔叔养宠物吗?
提示:助动词do也可用在动词原形之前加强语气。
Do tell me what happened!一定要告诉我发生了什么事!
举一反三
1.(25-26高三下·北京·课后作业) (do) come in and sit down.
【答案】Do
【详解】考查祈使句的强调形式。句意:快请进来坐。根据句子结构“______ come in and sit down”可知,该句为祈使句。在祈使句的动词原形前加助动词“Do”,可起到加强语气的作用,表示“务必、一定”等强烈邀请或鼓励的意味。故填Do。
2.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)What you usually do online?
【答案】do
【详解】考查助动词。句意:你通常在网上做什么?句子是特殊疑问句,主语you是第二人称,句中usually表明时态是一般现在时,谓语动词do是实义动词,因此需要用助动词do来构成疑问句。故填do。
3.(25-26高三上·全国·课后作业)Not only he speak correctly, but he also speaks easily.
【答案】does
【详解】考查倒装。句意:他不仅讲得正确,而且讲得轻松自如。否定词not置于句首,句子应该用部分倒装,谓语动词是实义动词speak,且主语是he,应该用助动词does构成倒装。故填does。
4.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)Not until then he realize the importance of studying English.
【答案】did
【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意:直到那时他才意识到学习英语的重要性。Not until位于句首,句子用部分倒装,将情态动词、助动词或be动词置于主语之前;句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,谓语动词为realized,部分倒装时助动词did置于主语之前,动词realize用原形,故填did。
5.(22-23高一上·全国·课后作业)He is the only one of the boys who (have) helped me.
【答案】has
【详解】考查动词。句意:他是男孩中唯一帮助过我的人。分析句子可知,此处是who引导的定语从句,指代先行词the boys,而先行词前有the only修饰,故空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式,此处时态为一般现在时,故应用has。故填has。
6.(23-24高一上·四川成都·阶段练习)--My daughter’s been practicing jazz dance for two years.
-- Oh, really? So mine.
【答案】has
【详解】考查特殊句式。句意:这两年来我女儿一直在练习爵士舞。—真的吗?我的女儿也一样。固定结构:so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+另一主语;表示前面肯定句的情况适用于另一主语。本句前面句中使用了助动词has,后句中也应该使用助动词,主语是第三人称单数,所以要填has。
7.(23-24高一下·全国·课后作业)No sooner he arrived at the station than his friend left by train.
【答案】had
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他刚到车站,他的朋友就坐火车走了。no sooner…than…为固定句型,意为“一……就……”,no sooner后面的主句使用过去完成时,no sooner置于句首,使用部分倒装,空处需填助动词had。故填had。
8.(22-23高一上·江苏·阶段练习)The director said that not only the animals but also the jungle digitally created.
【答案】was
【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:导演说,不仅是动物,还有丛林都是数字化创造的。分析句子结构可知,空格处所在是由that引导的宾语从句,从句主语和谓语created之间是被动关系,被动语态用“be+过去分词”构成,故空格处缺少助动词be;主句的谓语said表示一般过去时,故空格处的动词应用过去式;从句的主语not only the animals but also the jungle是由not only ... but also连接的并列主语,所以谓语动词的单复数要与邻近的主语一致,jungle是单数形式,故空格处谓语也用单数。故填was。
9.(23-24高一下·全国·课后作业)The number of students of our school (be) increasing rapidly these years.
【答案】is
【详解】考查动词时态,主谓一致。句意:近些年我校学生人数一直在迅速增长。分析句子,该句谓语动词increase使用现在进行时,主语number为单数形式,所给词助动词be 应使用单数形式is。故填is。
易错02 情态动词的种类和用法
易错典题
【例2】所给词的适当形式完成句子
(2026高三·北京·专题练习)In many schools, students use mobile phones during class time according to the regulations.
【答案】mustn’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在许多学校,根据规定,学生不能在上课时间使用手机。根据“according to the regulations”可知,句子表达的是学校规则对学生的限制,指“禁止使用手机”,应用表示“禁止”的情态动词否定式mustn’t。故填mustn’t。
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.need作情态动词时,还可表示“本不该做而实际上做了”;作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,但后面必须带to。2.dare作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,后面可带也可不带to;但dare是动词-ing形式时,后面的to必须带上。
【干货必记】
用法:1.情态动词can/could意为“能够,会”
表示能力、许可、请求、客观可能性;表示怀疑、不相信或惊异,主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句。
Her mother can speak English. 表能力 她妈妈会说英语。
-Could I come here again tomorrow?我明天还能来这里吗?
-Yes,you can./No,I’m afraid not. could表情求时语气比can委婉,注意回答时用can 是的,可以。/不,恐怕不行。
Can this be true?这会是真的吗? 表怀疑
2.情态动词may/might意为“可以,或许”
表示请求、许可,用于疑问句;表示推测或谈论可能性,主要用于陈述句,表示肯定或否定。
May/Might I watch TV now? 表情求,might的语气比may更委婉 我现在可以看电视吗?
He may be very busy these days. 表可能性 这些天他可能很忙。
3.情态动词must意为“必须,一定”
表示有做某一动作的必要和义务;表示有把握的判断或推测。
We must obey all the rules. 表义务 我们应该遵守所有的规则。
If you don’t hurry,you must miss the train. 表有把握的判断 如果你不快点,你必然会误火车的。
4.情态动词will/would意思为“愿意,会”
表示请求、建议,常用于Will you...?或Would you...?的句型中。
Will you please go with me?请和我一起去好吗?
Would you like a cup of coffee?喝杯咖啡好吗?
5.情态动词shall/should意为“应该”
shall表示征询对方意见、请求或命令等;should表示劝告、建议等。
What shall we do now? 表征询意见 我们现在应该做什么?
You should do as your father says. 表命令 你要照你父亲说的去做。
We should learn how to use computers. 表建议 我们应该学会使用电脑。
6.情态动词had better意为“最好”表示意见、命令等。
You’d better stay at hospital for another few days.你最好在医院再住几天。
7.情态动词need意为“需要”
表示需要、必要,只能用于否定句和疑问句中。
You needn’t call him.你不必给他打电话。
8.情态动词dare意为“敢于”主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。
Dare you go home alone at 11 in the evening?你敢晚上11点独自回家吗?
9.情态动词ought to意为“应该,应当”表示义务、责任等。
You ought to take care of yourself.你应该照顾自己。
10.情态动词have/has to意为“必须,不得不”表示客观必要性。
You don’t have to do anything except to be with them and be yourself.你只需要和他们在一起,行为自然即可。
提示:need作情态动词时,还可表示“本不该做而实际上做了”;作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,但后面必须带to。
You needn’t have waited for me.你本不必等我的。
You need to do it carefully.你必须很认真地做这件事情。
注意:dare作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,后面可带也可不带to;但dare是动词-ing形式时,后面的to必须带上。
She didn’t dare (to) go out at night.她晚上不敢外出。
The boy was frightened without daring to speak.那个男生吓得不敢说话。
举一反三
1.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)We as well take the subway to get there since the traffic is so bad.
【答案】may/might
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:既然交通如此拥挤,我们还是乘地铁去吧。此处是固定搭配:may as well或者might as well意为“只好(做);(做……)也无妨”。故填may或者might。
2.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)You take photos of people in Egypt without first asking for permission.
【答案】mustn’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在埃及,未经许可不得拍摄他人照片。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处表示“禁止,不许”,应用情态动词mustn’t。故填mustn’t。
3.(2025高三·全国·专题练习) you make so much noise, Jimmy? Your little sister is still sleeping. (用
【答案】Must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:Jimmy,你非要弄出这么大的噪音吗?你妹妹还在睡觉。根据后文内容可知,此处表示说话人的不满,情态动词must意为“偏要,非要……不可,后接动词原形,且位于句首首字母大写。故填Must。
4.(25-26高一上·北京·课后作业)People talk on a mobile phone while they are driving.
【答案】mustn’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:禁止人们在开车时打电话。根据句意及常识可知,此处表示“禁止”,应用情态动词must的否定形式mustn’t。故填mustn’t。
5.(24-25高一下·全国·课后作业)Well, you worry about that. (根据句意填空)
【答案】mustn’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:嗯,你不必担心。空后为动词原形,空处应该是用情态动词,结合“worry about that”可知,mustn’t“不必,无需”符合题意,表示“不必担心”。故填mustn’t。
6.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)I think today’s children really learn to respect their elders.
我认为今天的孩子应当学会尊敬长辈。
【答案】should
【详解】考查情态动词。根据句意可知,这里表示责任、义务或建议,意为“应该,应当”,常用情态动词should。故填should。
7.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain, you go to a dentist (牙医) and have it pulled out.
【答案】should
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:如果一颗智齿给你带来太多疼痛,你应该去看牙医并把它拔掉。根据常识,当智齿带来太多疼痛时,应该去看牙医并拔掉,用情态动词should表示“应该”,符合语境。故填should。
8.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)Parents put the things like knives and medicine away in the house to keep children safe.
【答案】should
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:为了保证孩子的安全, 父母应该把家里的刀子和药品之类的东西收起来。根据句意可知, 此处表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”, 应用 should。故填should。
9.(25-26高二上·北京·课后作业)I (fly) to the moon one day.
【答案】would fly
【详解】考查would用法。句意:总有一天我会飞到月球上。根据句意及“one day”可知此处描述对未来的想象,使用“would+动词原形”,故填would fly。
10.(24-25高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习)I remember that every Saturday night Mama (sit) down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa had brought home in the little envelope.
【答案】would sit
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我记得每个星期六晚上,妈妈都会坐在厨房的桌子旁,数爸爸带回家的钱。根据“I remember that every Saturday night”以及“had brought”可知,此处描述的是过去经常发生的习惯性动作,使用“would + 动词原形”表示过去的习惯或经常性动作。故填would sit。
11.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)— The box looks really heavy.
— That’s okay. I (help) you carry it.
【答案】will help
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:——这个箱子看起来真的很重。——没关系。我来帮你搬它。根据对方的话(“箱子看起来很重”)而临时做出的主动帮助的意愿,表意愿用情态动词will,故填will help。
12.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)As the deadline is drawing near, no one leave with his own work uncompleted.
【答案】shall
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:随着最后期限的临近,任何人都不得在自己的工作未完成的情况下离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中,表示命令、警告,符合句意。故填shall。
13. (2025高三·全国·专题练习)According to the newly-made traffic regulation, whoever drives through a red light be fined at least 200 dollars.
【答案】shall
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:根据新制定的交通法规,凡是闯红灯的人必须被罚款至少200美元。根据traffic regulation和be fined可知,此空应是情态动词shall。shall常用于法律、法规、规则或正式条文中,表示“义务、规定、必须”,强调强制性要求。故填shall。
14.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)According to the local law, no one enter the building site without permission.
【答案】shall
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:根据当地法律,未经许可任何人不得进入这个建筑工地。根据law可知,此处应用shall,表示按照规则或法律规定,“务必,一定”。故填shall。
15.(2025高三下·全国·专题练习)We suggest the data need (update) every month.
【答案】to be updated/updating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们建议数据需要每月更新。结合句意可知,data和update是被动关系,所以应用need to be done形式,即to be updated,表示“需要被更新”;也可以用need doing,主动表被动,所以也可以用updating,表示“需要更新”。故填to be updated/updating。
16.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)On the whole, I do have to (承认) that here, people’s knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited.
【答案】admit
【详解】考查动词。句意:总的来说,我必须承认,在这里,人们对中国文学的了解相当有限。空处需用动词与前文的have to作谓语,根据汉语提示可知,admit表示“承认”符合题意。故填admit。
17.(2026高三·广东·专题练习)There was a little mouse staying at home all day. I go out, even at night.
【答案】daren’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:有一只小老鼠整天待在家里。我甚至不敢在晚上出去。此处表示“不敢”,用情态动词dare的否定形式daren’t。故填daren’t。
18.(25-26高一上·广东·阶段练习)If you want to succeed, you’d better (制定安排) for the future.
【答案】 make arrangements
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:如果你想成功,你最好为将来做好安排。固定短语make arrangements for...意为“为……做安排”,had better后跟动词原形。故填make arrangements。
19.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)We are tired. we better break here and have a coffee?
【答案】Had
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们累了。我们是不是最好在这里休息一下,喝杯咖啡?had better do意为“最好……”,此处为其一般疑问句形式,had提到句首,首字母大写。故填Had。
20.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)He have been waiting there for quite a while!
【答案】must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:他一定在那儿等了好一会儿了!根据“for quite a while!”可知,此处是对过去情况的肯定推测,应用must have done,意为“一定做了某事”。故填must。
易错03 常见情态动词的比较
易错典题
【例3】
(24-25高二下·北京·课后作业)He asked me whether I swim across the river.
【答案】dare
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:他问我是否敢游过这条河。句中whether引导宾语从句,空处需填情态动词,此处表达的是“是否敢游过河”,dare作情态动词时,意为“敢,胆敢”,后接动词原形,符合题意和句子结构。故填dare。
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.need和dare:都既可作情态动词又可作行为动词。作行为动词时,均随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。2.2.can和be able to:can只用于现在式和过去式;be able to则可用于各种时态3.must和have to:must侧重个人意志和主观上的必要,只有现在式;have to侧重客观要求,用于各种时态。4.should和ought to:都可表劝告、建议,但ought to的语气更强些
【干货必记】
用法:1.need和dare:都既可作情态动词又可作行为动词。作行为动词时,均随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
You need not/don’t need to worry about me.你没有必要担心我。
I daren’t go home alone at night.我不敢晚上一个人回家。
2.can和be able to:can只用于现在式和过去式;be able to则可用于各种时态。
I can/am able to play the piano.我会弹钢琴。
She will be able to finish it tomorrow.她明天会完成它的。
3.must和have to:must侧重个人意志和主观上的必要,只有现在式;have to侧重客观要求,用于各种时态。
You must pay your taxes.你必须缴税。
She had a fever,so she had to rest.她发烧了,所以必须休息。
4.should和ought to:都可表劝告、建议,但ought to的语气更强些。
He should eat less.他应该少吃点。
You oughtn’t to tell her the bad news.你不应该告诉她这个坏消息。
提示:should和ought to都可表示“本该做而实际上未做”,结构为“should/ought to+have+过去分词”表示本该做某事,实际没有做。
You should/ought to have been here five minutes ago.你本该5分钟前到这儿的。
举一反三
1.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)You’d better send Lisa back home, because it’s too late and she not go home alone at night.
【答案】dare
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你最好送丽莎回家,因为太晚了,她不敢晚上一个人回家。由go home alone at night可知,句子表示“她不敢晚上一个人回家”,dare not do sth.意为“不敢做某事”,因此空格处是情态动词dare。故填dare。
2.(24-25高二下·全国·课后作业)You see him, but I must.
【答案】needn’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你不必见他,但我必须见。根据句意可知,此处表达“不必”,需用情态动词needn’t,表示没有必要做某事。故填needn’t。
3.(24-25高一下·全国·课后作业)Children ought be able to read by the age of 7.
【答案】to
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:孩子在7岁时应该能够阅读。ought to“应该”是情态动词,相当于should。故填to。
4.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)Hurry up! We (go)to school right away.
【答案】ought to go/must go/have to go
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:快点!我们必须马上去学校。根据“Hurry up!”可知,此处表示“必须马上去学校”,用情态动词ought to/must/have to表示“必须”,后接动词原形,故填ought to/must/have to go。
5.(25-26高一上·广东佛山·阶段练习)Being a doctor means I have to (做出准确的决定)all the time.
【答案】make correct decisions/make right decisions
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:作为一名医生意味着我必须一直做出正确的决定。“作决定”为短语make decisions,情态动词have to后接动词原形,“正确的”用形容词correct/right表达,作定语修饰decisions。故填make correct/right decisions。
6.(25-26高二上·江苏苏州·阶段练习)Regretfully, we have to d the invitation to your wedding.
【答案】decline/ecline
【详解】考查动词。句意:很遗憾,我们不得不谢绝您的婚礼邀请。根据句意及首字母可知,此处应使用动词decline“谢绝、婉拒”,have to do sth.“不得不做某事”。故填decline。
易错04 情态动词表示推测
易错典题
【例4】
(22-23高二下·北京·周测)-I think Helen is at home.
-No, she (不可能) be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.
【答案】can't
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:—我想海伦在家。—不,她不可能在家,因为她五分钟前刚从机场给我打了电话。根据空后的be动词原形可知应用情态动词,表示推测,意思是不可能,应用can't,故填can't。
避错攻略
【干货必记】
情态动词表示推测
用法:1.must,might,could表示推测时,程度由强到弱。
2.对现在情况的推测
肯定:must/may/might+be/be doing...
否定:can/could+not+be/be doing...
疑问:Can/Could...+be/be doing...?
He must be at home.他一定在家。
He can’t be at home.他一定不在家。
Can he be at home?他会在家吗?
3.对过去情况的推测
肯定:must/may/might+have been/done...
否定:can/could+not+have been/done...
疑问:Can/Could...+have been/done...?
It must have rained last night.昨晚一定下了雨。
The door was locked.He can’t/couldn’t have been at home.门是锁着的,他不可能在家。
Can he have got the book?他可能得到那本书了吗?
举一反三
1.(23-24高二下·北京·阶段练习)I can’t speak for everyone, but I speak for myself.
【答案】can
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我不能代替每个人说话,但我可以代表我自己。can表示有能力做某事,根据句意以及前文的can’t可知,此处应用一般现在时。故填can。
2.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)Look at the dark clouds. It rain this afternoon. You’d better take an umbrella.
【答案】may/might
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看那些乌云。今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨伞。Look at the dark clouds(看那些乌云)是推测依据,但乌云仅代表有下雨的可能,并非必然下雨,故用情态动词may/might。故填may/might。
3.(25-26高二上·北京·课后作业)Given that she is busy, she (may) not attend the party.
【答案】may
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:鉴于她很忙,她可能不会参加这个派对。此处表示“可能不参加”,结合is可知句子时态是一般现在时,直接用may not即可。故填may。
4.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)The room is spotless. Someone (clean) it thoroughly before we arrived.
【答案】must have cleaned
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。 句意:这个房间一尘不染。我们到达之前,一定有人把它彻底打扫过了。 根据前句 “The room is spotless”的语境,可推测此处是对过去发生事情的肯定推测,用must have done结构。 故填must have cleaned。
5.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)You (come) all the way to my office; I could have sent you the documents by email.
【答案】needn’t have come
【详解】考查情态动词的完成式用法。句意:你本不必专程来我办公室的;我本可以通过邮件把文件发给你。根据后句“我本可邮件发送文件”可知,前句强调“专程跑来”的行为没有必要,需用“needn’t have + 过去分词”结构表示“本不必做却做了某事”。故填needn’t have come。
6.(2026高三·江苏·专题练习)I (finish) the report yesterday, but I was too busy with other assignments.
【答案】should have finished
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意:我昨天本应该完成那份报告的,但我忙于其他作业了。根据“yesterday”以及“but I was too busy”可知,前半句表“本应该昨天完成却未完成”,需用“should have +过去分词”结构;finish”的过去分词为finished。故填should have finished。
7.(2026高三·江苏·专题练习)—I saw Mr. Smith in the supermarket yesterday.
—You (see) him; he’s been abroad for a month.
【答案】can’t have seen
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:——我昨天在超市看到史密斯先生了。——你不可能看到他;他出国已经一个月了。根据答语“he’s been abroad for a month(他已出国一个月)”可知,说话人否定对方“看到史密斯先生”的可能性,对过去行为的否定推测,且语气坚定,需用“can’t have done”结构。故填can’t have seen。
8.(2026高三·江苏·专题练习)Susan hasn’t arrived yet. She (miss) the train, as there’s usually heavy traffic at this time.
【答案】may have missed
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。 句意:苏珊还没到。她可能没赶上火车,因为这个时间通常交通很拥堵。 根据前句 “Susan hasn’t arrived yet”和后句“as there’s usually heavy traffic at this time”的语境,此处是对过去发生事情的可能性推测,用may have done的结构。 故填may have missed。
9.(25-26高三下·全国·课后作业)If you had got up earlier, (你就会赶上火车了).
【答案】you would have caught the train
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要是你早点起床,你就会赶上火车了。表示“你”用you,作主句主语。根据前文“If you had got up earlier”可知,此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,表示“将会做某事”主句应用“would have + 过去分词” 结构;“赶上火车”译为catch the train,此处用过去分词caught。故填you would have caught the train。
10.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)I actually have bought so much food — only three people came.
【答案】needn’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:实际上我本不必买这么多食物的——只来了三个人。根据only three people came可知,此处是对过去的描述,表示“本不必做某事,但实际上做了”,应用needn’t have done。故填needn’t。
11.(25-26高三上·全国·课后作业)Ben later joked that the job (本不应该宣传) not as the “best”, but the “busiest job in the world”!
【答案】should have been advertised
【详解】考查情态动词、虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:Ben后来开玩笑说,这份工作本不应该被宣传为“最好的”工作,而应是“世界上最忙碌的”工作!根据joked可知,此处是对过去的虚拟,应用“情态动词+have done”的结构,“应该”对应should,且the job与advertise是动宾关系。此处not ... but... 意为“不是……而是……”,相当于the job shouldn’t have been advertised as the “best”, but the “busiest job in the world”。故填should have been advertised。
一.单词拼写
1.(25-26高一上·北京·期中)We had a heated discussion about whether schools should p students from using mobile phones on campus.
【答案】prohibit/rohibit
【详解】考查动词。句意:我们就学校是否应该禁止学生在校园内使用手机进行了热烈的讨论。根据单词首字母提示可知,表示“禁止”应填动词prohibit,should后跟动词原形。故填prohibit。
2.(25-26高一上·北京·期中)To cultivate students’ innovative spirit, teachers should create a relaxing and supportive atmosphere that can i them to put forward new ideas and explore unknown areas bravely.
【答案】inspire/nspire
【详解】考查动词。句意:为了培养学生的创新精神,教师应该营造一个轻松和支持性的氛围,激励他们提出新想法,勇敢地探索未知领域。根据单词首字母提示可知,空处应填动词inspire,表示老师营造一个轻松和支持性的氛围去激励学生们提出新的想法。且can后跟动词原形。故填inspire。
3.(25-26高一上·北京·期中)Many people think that listening to music is a hobby that can (减少) stress and anxiety.
【答案】reduce
【详解】考查动词。句意:许多人认为听音乐是一种可以减少压力和焦虑的爱好。根据汉语提示“减少”可知,本空用动词reduce,情态动词can后接动词原形。故填reduce。
4.(24-25高一下·北京顺义·阶段练习)You should e (确保) that all the lights are turned off before you leave the house.
【答案】ensure/nsure
【详解】考查动词。句意:你应该确保在你离开房子之前所有的灯都关了。根据句意和首字母以及汉语提示可知,空处应填动词ensure“确保”,情态动词should后跟动词原形。故填ensure。
5.(24-25高二下·北京顺义·阶段练习)I would a (感激) it if you could take my application into consideration.
【答案】appreciate/ppreciate
【详解】考查动词。句意:如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。表示“感激”用动词appreciate,设空处置于情态动词would之后,应该使用动词原形。故填appreciate。
6.(24-25高一上·北京·期中)Playing sports can r stress and anxiety.
【答案】reduce/educe
【详解】考查动词。句意:做运动可以减轻压力和焦虑。根据句意及首字母提示可知,此处使用动词reduce“减少”。情态动词后接动词原形。故填reduce。
7.(23-24高二下·北京西城·期末)If one wants to get ahead in his career, he go without some of the comforts of life.
【答案】must/should/has to
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:如果一个人想在事业上出人头地,他就必须放弃一些舒适的生活。根据空后的go可知,空处可能填助动词或情态动词,再结合句意可知,此处可译为“必须、应该、不得不”故填must/should/has to。
8.(23-24高一下·北京·期中)His unusual use of color has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have a his sense of sight.
【答案】affected/ffected
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:他对色彩的不同寻常的运用使得专家们认为梵高的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。根据“may have”可知,空处应用动词的过去分词形式,表示对过去动作的推测;根据首字母提示和句意,affect为动词,表示“影响”,符合句意。故填affected。
9.(23-24高一下·北京海淀·阶段练习)It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can i thousands of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(参与,包含) (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】involve/nvolve
【详解】考查动词。句意:正是通过这种令人兴奋的方式共同行动,我们才能让成千上万的人参与进来,并且这将改变世界。根据中英文提示可知,空处应填动词involve“参与,包含”,情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填involve。
10.(22-23高二上·北京顺义·期中)They would rather s (奋斗) for peace.
【答案】struggle/truggle
【详解】考查动词。句意:他们宁愿为和平而奋斗。根据提示的汉语和首字母可知,表示“奋斗”应为struggle,且would rather意为“宁愿”,其后应为动词原形。故填struggle。
11.(22-23高二下·北京·周测)The little girl (not, dare, go) there alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dare not go
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:这个小女孩不敢单独去那里。分析可知,dare在此处为情态动词,一般常用于否定句和疑问句中,后接动词原形,此处表示不敢去,故填dare not go。
12.(22-23高二下·北京·周测)Nobody knew where Tom was. He might (go) abroad.
【答案】have gone
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:没人知道汤姆在哪儿。他可能出国了。根据Nobody knew where Tom was. He might可知,此处表对过去事实不太确定的推测,应用might have done“可能已经做了某事”。故填have gone。
二.完成句子
13.(24-25高二上·北京顺义·期中)为了保护环境,我们应该采取行动。( take action)
To protect the environment,
【答案】we should take action
【详解】考查情态动词和动词短语。根据所给汉语提示,表示“我们”应we,表示“应该”用“should”表示,后接动词原形。表示“采取行动”用 “take action”,故填we should take action。
14.(21-22高二下·北京·期中)We can’t whether or not to carry out the plan.
【答案】 make up our mind
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:我们还不能决定是否执行这个计划。根据汉语提示,应用动词短语make up one’s mind表示“拿定主意”,主语是we,形容词性物主代词用our,结合空格前情态动词can可知,应用原形。故填make up our mind。
15.(21-22高二上·北京昌平·阶段练习)You would (负责) judging the final.
【答案】be responsible for
【详解】考查时态和短语。句意:你将负责评判决赛。根据句意并分析句子成分可知,be responsible for“为……负责”作谓语 ,would此处用作情态动词,后接动词原形,故填be responsible for。
16.(21-22高二上·北京顺义·期中)People were very happy that finally they could (管理) their own city.
【答案】 take charge of
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:人们很高兴终于可以管理自己的城市了。“管理”是固定短语take charge of,could是情态动词,其后跟动词原形,故填take,charge,of。
17.(24-25高一上·北京·期末)尽管网络社交很方便,我们还是应该更加关注面对面的交流,因为直接接触对于建立有意义的关系是十分必要的。
Despite the convenience of the online socializing, we should , because direct contact is necessary for .
【答案】 focus more on face-to-face communication forming/developing meaningful relationships
【详解】考查动词(短语)、形容词和名词。对比中英文可知,第一空表示“更加关注面对面的交流”,“关注”可用动词短语focus on,“更加”应用副词比较级more,“面对面的交流”可用名词短语face-to-face communication,且情态动词should后focus应用原形;第二空表示“建立有意义的关系”,“建立”可用动词form或develop,“有意义的关系”可用名词短语meaningful relationships,且空处作for的宾语,form或develop应用动名词形式。故填①focus more on face-to-face communication;②forming/developing meaningful relationships。
18.(23-24高一下·北京怀柔·期末)这是你能想出的最佳答案嘛?
Is this the best answer that you can ?
【答案】come up with
【详解】考查动词短语。中英文对比可知,空处表示“想出”,可用短语come up with,且can后跟动词原形。故填come up with。
19.(24-25高一上·北京·期中)另一队无法赶得上他的力量和速度。
The other team just couldn’t his and speed.
【答案】 keep up with energy
【详解】考查动词短语和名词。第一空,“赶得上”应填动词短语keep up with,情态动词couldn’t后应用动词原形;第二空,“力量”应填名词energy,用于his之后,与speed并列作宾语。故填①keep up with;②energy。
20.(24-25高一下·北京·期中)学校的艺术教育应该使学生接触到多元文化,同时确保他们能获取中国的传统艺术的资源。
School art education should while ensuring they .
【答案】 expose students to diverse cultures have access to resources of Chinese traditional art
【详解】考查动词短语和名词。“使某人接触到某物”表达为动词短语“expose sb. to sth.”,“多元文化”为名词短语diverse cultures,作介词to宾语,should后接动词原形,所以第一空“使学生接触到多元文化”表达为expose students to diverse cultures。“能获取”表达为“have access to sth.”,“中国的传统艺术的资源”译为resources of Chinese traditional art作介词to宾语,“确保他们能获取中国的传统艺术的资源”表达为ensure they have access to resources of Chinese traditional art。故填①expose students to diverse cultures;②have access to resources of Chinese traditional art。
21.(24-25高一上·北京·期中)你应该努力提高你的阅读速度来跟上大家的步伐。
To catch up with others, you should to improve your reading speed.
【答案】 make an effort
【详解】考查固定短语、情态动词。表示“努力做某事”用make an effort to do sth.,情态动词should后接动词原形。故填①make②an③effort。
22.(24-25高一上·北京·阶段练习)Faced with failures, we should never or give up.
面对失败,我们不要丧失信心,应该永不放弃!
【答案】 lose heart
【详解】考查动词短语。“丧失信心”用动词短语lose heart,情态动词should后用原形。故填lose heart。
23.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)婴儿是可爱的,但是他们有时也可能令人厌烦。
Babies are lovely, but sometimes they tiresome.
【答案】can be
【详解】考查情态动词。表示“有时可能”应用情态动词can,用于肯定句表示理论上的可能性,表示推测。故填can be。
24.(23-24高一上·全国·课后作业)Jane’s light is on. She (一定在家). She (不可能出去).
【答案】 must be at home can’t be out
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:简的灯亮着。她一定在家。她不可能出去。结合句意可知,第一个设空处考查的是must表肯定推测,在家“be at home”,第二个设空处考查的是can’t表否定推测,出去“be out”,故填①must be at home ②can’t be out。
25.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)I don’t know where she is, she (可能在武汉). (be)
【答案】may be in Wuhan
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我不知道她在哪里,她可能在武汉。此处表示对现在情况的不确定推测,表示“可能”用情态动词may,后接动词原形be;“在武汉”用in Wuhan。故填may be in Wuhan。
三.语法填空
A
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English 91 (organize) such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box 2 (open), I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted 3 wonderfully perfect English.
【答案】1.to organize 2.was opened 3.in
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位教师在波士顿教授来自世界各地的成人学生学习英语,学生取得了很大的语言进步。
1.考查动词不定式。句意:我很惊讶他们学到了足够的英语足以组织这样一个活动。由enough可知,此处使用动词不定式作结果状语,表示“……多到足以做某事”,故填to organize。
2.考查时态和语态。句意:盒子打开后,我轻轻地从里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。根据“I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it.”以及box承受open的动作可知,从句的谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态,box为单数,故填was opened。
3.考查介词。句意:我们去买一件新外套!他们都用非常完美的英语喊道。使用某种语言用介词in,故填in。
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
In early November in 2023, a diver, swimming off the coast of Sardinia, 4 (notice) pieces of metal on the ocean floor. He called the authorities and more divers were sent to look. The pieces turned out to be ancient Roman coins. The coins mostly lay 5 (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. It is said that more than 30, 000 coins have been found, 6 are close to 2, 000 years old. Experts call this a major historical discovery.
【答案】4.noticed 5.buried 6.which
【导语】这是一则新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时发现了数量巨大的古代硬币。
4.考查时态。句意:2023年11月初,一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时,注意到海底有金属碎片。根据句中的“in early November in 2023”可知,谓语动词使用一般过去时,故填noticed。
5.考查形容词。句意:这些硬币大多埋在离海岸不远的沙子和海草里。句中lie是系动词,需后接形容词作表语,需要的词义为“被掩埋的”,故填buried。
6.考查定语从句。句意:据说已经发现了3万多枚硬币,都有近2000年的历史。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词coins指物并在从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 7 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 8 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a 9 (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of 10 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
【答案】7.have banned 8.how 9.cheating 10.educators
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些学校禁止使用ChatGPT,但许多教育工作者认为人工智能在教育中是很重要的。
7.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知,谓语动词ban使用现在完成时,主语“some schools”为复数意义,谓语复数形式,故填have banned。
8.考查宾语从句。句意:他们需要时间来制定规则,规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少状语,表示“如何”,因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句,故填how。
9.考查动名词。句意:一些老师认为这是一种作弊工具。动名词形式作定语修饰名词tool,用来表示该名词的用途、目的或场合,cheating修饰tool,意为“用来作弊的工具”,故填cheating。
10.考查名词。句意:越来越多的教育工作者表示,对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处应填名词作宾语,需要的词义为“教育工作者”,即educator,它是可数名词,前有“a growing number of ”修饰,则educator需要变复数形式,故填educators。
B
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different 1 (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, 2 (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe 3 (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used.
【答案】1.countries 2.named 3.has changed/changes
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆,但为了适应当地人的口味,有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化。
1.考查名词的数。句意:中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色,在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物。country“国家”是可数名词,被different修饰,应用其复数形式,作宾语。故填countries。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:例如,以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡,是美国人喜欢吃的,因为它是甜的,油炸的。分析可知,空处为名词General Tso’s chicken的后置定语,故name应用非谓语动词形式;General Tso’s chicken和name...after“以……命名”之间为被动关系,name应用过去分词。故填named。
3.考查时态。句意:显然,为了适应不同地区的口味,食谱会发生很大的变化,这就导致了烹饪方法的变化。空处为句子谓语动词;此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时,也可看作陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语the recipe是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填has changed/changes。
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language learner 4 tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when 5 (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is 6 (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.
【答案】4.who 5.studying 6.more
【导语】这是一段说明文。文章提到能听懂当地的笑话,可以更好的学习当地的语言,与当地人建立联系。
4.考查定语从句。句意:对于试图与母语人士建立友谊的外语学习者来说,能够听懂当地的笑话通常被视为一个很好的破冰器。分析句子结构可知,该句为定语从句,先行词language leaner(语言学习者)为人,且从句中缺少主语,因此可使用关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。
5.考查非谓语。句意:然而,在学习一门外语时,初学者总是认为笑话很难理解。分析句子结构可知,该句已有谓语considers(认为),空处应使用非谓语,主语a beginner(初学者)与study(学习)之间是逻辑上的主动关系,因此需使用现在分词表示主动。故填studying。
6.考查比较级。句意:理解一个笑话比理解词汇和语法要复杂得多。分析句子结构可知,空处用来强调理解笑话的过程比单纯的词汇和语法理解要复杂,可使用much比较级more修饰。根据than,也可知答案。故填more。
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dinner party is 7 threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be? Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions?” But 8 The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations 9 (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food 10 (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control.
【答案】7.under 8.what 9.are sent 10.carefully
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称,晚宴正在消失并解释了晚宴消失的一些原因。
7.考查介词。句意:《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称,晚宴受到了威胁。under threat为固定搭配,意为“受到威胁”。故填under。
8.考查主语从句。句意:但《纽约时报》担心的是另一种消失。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
9.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:邀请函会提前几周发出,主人会精心准备食物。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,Invitations和send out为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为复数名词,be动词用are。故填are sent。
10.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prepare,需用副词carefully,作状语。故填carefully。
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易错08助动词和情态动词(4大易错点+3大避坑点)
目录
第一部分 易错点剖析 1
易错01 助动词的种类和用法 1
易错02 情态动词的种类和用法 4
易错03 常见情态动词的比较 9
易错04 情态动词表示推测 11
第二部分 易错点闯关 15
易错01 助动词的种类和用法
易错典题
【例1】用所给词的适当形式填空
(25-26高一上·北京·期中)Not only (do) the girl apologize to her best friend, but she also made a sincere promise to respect each other’s feelings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being)、2.助动词have(has,had,having)
3.助动词shall(should),will(would)4、4.助动词do(does,did)
【干货必记】
用法:1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being)
与现在分词连用,构成进行时态;与过去分词连用,构成被动语态。
Karl is playing badminton with Linda.卡尔正在和琳达打羽毛球。
His mother was killed in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake.
他的妈妈在2008年的汶川地震中丧生了。
2.助动词have(has,had,having)
与过去分词连用,构成完成时态。
Ketty has seen the Backstreets Boys in a concert in Beijing.
凯蒂已经在北京的一场音乐会上见到后街男孩了。
3.助动词shall(should),will(would)
与动词连用,构成将来时态。
We shall be very happy to see you.我们见到你会很高兴的。
I will make Charlie a chocolate cake tomorrow.我明天将为查理制作一块巧克力蛋糕。
4.助动词do(does,did)
与其他动词连用,构成否定句或疑问句。
I don’t like having a barbecue in hot weather.我不喜欢在炎热的天气吃烤肉。
Does your uncle keep pets?你叔叔养宠物吗?
提示:助动词do也可用在动词原形之前加强语气。
Do tell me what happened!一定要告诉我发生了什么事!
举一反三
1.(25-26高三下·北京·课后作业) (do) come in and sit down.
2.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)What you usually do online?
3.(25-26高三上·全国·课后作业)Not only he speak correctly, but he also speaks easily.
4.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)Not until then he realize the importance of studying English.
5.(22-23高一上·全国·课后作业)He is the only one of the boys who (have) helped me.
6.(23-24高一上·四川成都·阶段练习)--My daughter’s been practicing jazz dance for two years.
-- Oh, really? So mine.
7.(23-24高一下·全国·课后作业)No sooner he arrived at the station than his friend left by train.
8.(22-23高一上·江苏·阶段练习)The director said that not only the animals but also the jungle digitally created.
9.(23-24高一下·全国·课后作业)The number of students of our school (be) increasing rapidly these years.
易错02 情态动词的种类和用法
易错典题
【例2】所给词的适当形式完成句子
(2026高三·北京·专题练习)In many schools, students use mobile phones during class time according to the regulations.
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.need作情态动词时,还可表示“本不该做而实际上做了”;作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,但后面必须带to。2.dare作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,后面可带也可不带to;但dare是动词-ing形式时,后面的to必须带上。
【干货必记】
用法:1.情态动词can/could意为“能够,会”
表示能力、许可、请求、客观可能性;表示怀疑、不相信或惊异,主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句。
Her mother can speak English. 表能力 她妈妈会说英语。
-Could I come here again tomorrow?我明天还能来这里吗?
-Yes,you can./No,I’m afraid not. could表情求时语气比can委婉,注意回答时用can 是的,可以。/不,恐怕不行。
Can this be true?这会是真的吗? 表怀疑
2.情态动词may/might意为“可以,或许”
表示请求、许可,用于疑问句;表示推测或谈论可能性,主要用于陈述句,表示肯定或否定。
May/Might I watch TV now? 表情求,might的语气比may更委婉 我现在可以看电视吗?
He may be very busy these days. 表可能性 这些天他可能很忙。
3.情态动词must意为“必须,一定”
表示有做某一动作的必要和义务;表示有把握的判断或推测。
We must obey all the rules. 表义务 我们应该遵守所有的规则。
If you don’t hurry,you must miss the train. 表有把握的判断 如果你不快点,你必然会误火车的。
4.情态动词will/would意思为“愿意,会”
表示请求、建议,常用于Will you...?或Would you...?的句型中。
Will you please go with me?请和我一起去好吗?
Would you like a cup of coffee?喝杯咖啡好吗?
5.情态动词shall/should意为“应该”
shall表示征询对方意见、请求或命令等;should表示劝告、建议等。
What shall we do now? 表征询意见 我们现在应该做什么?
You should do as your father says. 表命令 你要照你父亲说的去做。
We should learn how to use computers. 表建议 我们应该学会使用电脑。
6.情态动词had better意为“最好”表示意见、命令等。
You’d better stay at hospital for another few days.你最好在医院再住几天。
7.情态动词need意为“需要”
表示需要、必要,只能用于否定句和疑问句中。
You needn’t call him.你不必给他打电话。
8.情态动词dare意为“敢于”主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。
Dare you go home alone at 11 in the evening?你敢晚上11点独自回家吗?
9.情态动词ought to意为“应该,应当”表示义务、责任等。
You ought to take care of yourself.你应该照顾自己。
10.情态动词have/has to意为“必须,不得不”表示客观必要性。
You don’t have to do anything except to be with them and be yourself.你只需要和他们在一起,行为自然即可。
提示:need作情态动词时,还可表示“本不该做而实际上做了”;作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,但后面必须带to。
You needn’t have waited for me.你本不必等我的。
You need to do it carefully.你必须很认真地做这件事情。
注意:dare作行为动词时,可用于各种句型,后面可带也可不带to;但dare是动词-ing形式时,后面的to必须带上。
She didn’t dare (to) go out at night.她晚上不敢外出。
The boy was frightened without daring to speak.那个男生吓得不敢说话。
举一反三
1.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)We as well take the subway to get there since the traffic is so bad.
2.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)You take photos of people in Egypt without first asking for permission.
3.(2025高三·全国·专题练习) you make so much noise, Jimmy? Your little sister is still sleeping. (用
4.(25-26高一上·北京·课后作业)People talk on a mobile phone while they are driving.
5.(24-25高一下·全国·课后作业)Well, you worry about that. (根据句意填空)
6.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)I think today’s children really learn to respect their elders.
我认为今天的孩子应当学会尊敬长辈。
7.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain, you go to a dentist (牙医) and have it pulled out.
8.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)Parents put the things like knives and medicine away in the house to keep children safe.
9.(25-26高二上·北京·课后作业)I (fly) to the moon one day.
10.(24-25高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习)I remember that every Saturday night Mama (sit) down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa had brought home in the little envelope.
11.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)— The box looks really heavy.
— That’s okay. I (help) you carry it.
12.(2025高三·北京·专题练习)As the deadline is drawing near, no one leave with his own work uncompleted.
13. (2025高三·全国·专题练习)According to the newly-made traffic regulation, whoever drives through a red light be fined at least 200 dollars.
14.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)According to the local law, no one enter the building site without permission.
15.(2025高三下·全国·专题练习)We suggest the data need (update) every month.
16.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)On the whole, I do have to (承认) that here, people’s knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited.
17.(2026高三·广东·专题练习)There was a little mouse staying at home all day. I go out, even at night.
18.(25-26高一上·广东·阶段练习)If you want to succeed, you’d better (制定安排) for the future.
19.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)We are tired. we better break here and have a coffee?
20.(2026高三·全国·专题练习)He have been waiting there for quite a while!
易错03 常见情态动词的比较
易错典题
【例3】
(24-25高二下·北京·课后作业)He asked me whether I swim across the river.
避错攻略
【方法总结】
1.need和dare:都既可作情态动词又可作行为动词。作行为动词时,均随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。2.2.can和be able to:can只用于现在式和过去式;be able to则可用于各种时态3.must和have to:must侧重个人意志和主观上的必要,只有现在式;have to侧重客观要求,用于各种时态。4.should和ought to:都可表劝告、建议,但ought to的语气更强些
【干货必记】
用法:1.need和dare:都既可作情态动词又可作行为动词。作行为动词时,均随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
You need not/don’t need to worry about me.你没有必要担心我。
I daren’t go home alone at night.我不敢晚上一个人回家。
2.can和be able to:can只用于现在式和过去式;be able to则可用于各种时态。
I can/am able to play the piano.我会弹钢琴。
She will be able to finish it tomorrow.她明天会完成它的。
3.must和have to:must侧重个人意志和主观上的必要,只有现在式;have to侧重客观要求,用于各种时态。
You must pay your taxes.你必须缴税。
She had a fever,so she had to rest.她发烧了,所以必须休息。
4.should和ought to:都可表劝告、建议,但ought to的语气更强些。
He should eat less.他应该少吃点。
You oughtn’t to tell her the bad news.你不应该告诉她这个坏消息。
提示:should和ought to都可表示“本该做而实际上未做”,结构为“should/ought to+have+过去分词”表示本该做某事,实际没有做。
You should/ought to have been here five minutes ago.你本该5分钟前到这儿的。
举一反三
1.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)You’d better send Lisa back home, because it’s too late and she not go home alone at night.
2.(24-25高二下·全国·课后作业)You see him, but I must.
3.(24-25高一下·全国·课后作业)Children ought be able to read by the age of 7.
4.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)Hurry up! We (go)to school right away.
5.(25-26高一上·广东佛山·阶段练习)Being a doctor means I have to (做出准确的决定)all the time.
6.(25-26高二上·江苏苏州·阶段练习)Regretfully, we have to d the invitation to your wedding.
易错04 情态动词表示推测
易错典题
【例4】
(22-23高二下·北京·周测)-I think Helen is at home.
-No, she (不可能) be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.
避错攻略
【干货必记】
情态动词表示推测
用法:1.must,might,could表示推测时,程度由强到弱。
2.对现在情况的推测
肯定:must/may/might+be/be doing...
否定:can/could+not+be/be doing...
疑问:Can/Could...+be/be doing...?
He must be at home.他一定在家。
He can’t be at home.他一定不在家。
Can he be at home?他会在家吗?
3.对过去情况的推测
肯定:must/may/might+have been/done...
否定:can/could+not+have been/done...
疑问:Can/Could...+have been/done...?
It must have rained last night.昨晚一定下了雨。
The door was locked.He can’t/couldn’t have been at home.门是锁着的,他不可能在家。
Can he have got the book?他可能得到那本书了吗?
举一反三
1.(23-24高二下·北京·阶段练习)I can’t speak for everyone, but I speak for myself.
2.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)Look at the dark clouds. It rain this afternoon. You’d better take an umbrella.
3.(25-26高二上·北京·课后作业)Given that she is busy, she (may) not attend the party.
4.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)The room is spotless. Someone (clean) it thoroughly before we arrived.
5.(2026高三·北京·专题练习)You (come) all the way to my office; I could have sent you the documents by email.
6.(2026高三·江苏·专题练习)I (finish) the report yesterday, but I was too busy with other assignments.
7.(2026高三·江苏·专题练习)—I saw Mr. Smith in the supermarket yesterday.
—You (see) him; he’s been abroad for a month.
8.(2026高三·江苏·专题练习)Susan hasn’t arrived yet. She (miss) the train, as there’s usually heavy traffic at this time.
9.(25-26高三下·全国·课后作业)If you had got up earlier, (你就会赶上火车了).
10.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)I actually have bought so much food — only three people came.
11.(25-26高三上·全国·课后作业)Ben later joked that the job (本不应该宣传) not as the “best”, but the “busiest job in the world”!
一.单词拼写
1.(25-26高一上·北京·期中)We had a heated discussion about whether schools should p students from using mobile phones on campus.
2.(25-26高一上·北京·期中)To cultivate students’ innovative spirit, teachers should create a relaxing and supportive atmosphere that can i them to put forward new ideas and explore unknown areas bravely.
3.(25-26高一上·北京·期中)Many people think that listening to music is a hobby that can (减少) stress and anxiety.
4.(24-25高一下·北京顺义·阶段练习)You should e (确保) that all the lights are turned off before you leave the house.
5.(24-25高二下·北京顺义·阶段练习)I would a (感激) it if you could take my application into consideration.
6.(24-25高一上·北京·期中)Playing sports can r stress and anxiety.
7.(23-24高二下·北京西城·期末)If one wants to get ahead in his career, he go without some of the comforts of life.
8.(23-24高一下·北京·期中)His unusual use of color has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have a his sense of sight.
9.(23-24高一下·北京海淀·阶段练习)It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can i thousands of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(参与,包含) (根据中英文提示填空)
10.(22-23高二上·北京顺义·期中)They would rather s (奋斗) for peace.
11.(22-23高二下·北京·周测)The little girl (not, dare, go) there alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12.(22-23高二下·北京·周测)Nobody knew where Tom was. He might (go) abroad.
二.完成句子
13.(24-25高二上·北京顺义·期中)为了保护环境,我们应该采取行动。( take action)
To protect the environment,
14.(21-22高二下·北京·期中)We can’t whether or not to carry out the plan.
15.(21-22高二上·北京昌平·阶段练习)You would (负责) judging the final.
16.(21-22高二上·北京顺义·期中)People were very happy that finally they could (管理) their own city.
17.(24-25高一上·北京·期末)尽管网络社交很方便,我们还是应该更加关注面对面的交流,因为直接接触对于建立有意义的关系是十分必要的。
Despite the convenience of the online socializing, we should , because direct contact is necessary for .
18.(23-24高一下·北京怀柔·期末)这是你能想出的最佳答案嘛?
Is this the best answer that you can ?
19.(24-25高一上·北京·期中)另一队无法赶得上他的力量和速度。
The other team just couldn’t his and speed.
20.(24-25高一下·北京·期中)学校的艺术教育应该使学生接触到多元文化,同时确保他们能获取中国的传统艺术的资源。
School art education should while ensuring they .
21.(24-25高一上·北京·期中)你应该努力提高你的阅读速度来跟上大家的步伐。
To catch up with others, you should to improve your reading speed.
22.(24-25高一上·北京·阶段练习)Faced with failures, we should never or give up.
面对失败,我们不要丧失信心,应该永不放弃!
23.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)婴儿是可爱的,但是他们有时也可能令人厌烦。
Babies are lovely, but sometimes they tiresome.
24.(23-24高一上·全国·课后作业)Jane’s light is on. She (一定在家). She (不可能出去).
25.(25-26高一上·全国·课后作业)I don’t know where she is, she (可能在武汉). (be)
三.语法填空
A
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English 91 (organize) such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box 2 (open), I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted 3 wonderfully perfect English.
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
In early November in 2023, a diver, swimming off the coast of Sardinia, 4 (notice) pieces of metal on the ocean floor. He called the authorities and more divers were sent to look. The pieces turned out to be ancient Roman coins. The coins mostly lay 5 (bury) in sand and seagrass not far from the coast. It is said that more than 30, 000 coins have been found, 6 are close to 2, 000 years old. Experts call this a major historical discovery.
(2024·北京东城·一模)语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 7 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 8 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a 9 (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of 10 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
B
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different 1 (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, 2 (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe 3 (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used.
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language learner 4 tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when 5 (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is 6 (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.
(2024·北京·一模)阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dinner party is 7 threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be? Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions?” But 8 The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations 9 (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food 10 (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control.
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