Unit 1 Time to Relax Grammar（动词不定式）核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语讲义围绕“动词不定式”构建系统知识体系，按含义、结构、用法（作状语、宾语补足语等）分层梳理，通过随学随练和对比示例呈现知识脉络，清晰标注重难点及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，随学随练含单项填空、补全句子等基础题型，提升练习设语法填空、翻译句子等综合任务，结合“疑问词+不定式”等结构训练，培养语言运用和思维品质，助力不同层次学生掌握，支持教师精准教学与学生自主复习。

Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 动词不定式用法 1. 动词不定式的含义 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由“to+动词原型”构成，有时to被省略。 它在句中不能单独作谓语，但可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等多种成分。 2. 动词不定式的结构 (1) 基本结构：to+动词原型 如：I want to buy some snacks. 我要买些零食。 (2) 否定式：not +不定式 如：My mum told me not to swim in the river. 妈妈告诉我不要去河里游泳。 (3) 特殊结构：动词原型(省略了to的动词不定式) · 一些特殊动词后接不定式要省略to（详见“动词不定式用法”部分） 如：The teacher makes everyone feel special. 老师让每个人都感到很特别。 · 两个不定式表示并列关系时，第二个不定式可以省略to。 如：He told the kids to stay there and wait till he came back.他让孩子们待在那里，等他回来。 3. 动词不定式的用法 (1) 动词不定式作状语(本单元重点语法) · 作目的状语 作目的状语时，可与in order to互换使用。 如：I play the flute to relax. 我吹笛子来放松。 In order to give her sister a surprise, she prepared a lot for the party. 为了给妹妹一个惊喜，她为聚会做 了很多准备。 · 作原因状语 在“be+形容词+to do...”结构中，形容词为表示情感的形容词时，不定式常做原因状语。 如：I was so glad to meet you here. 我真的很高兴在这遇见你。 · 作结果状语 不定式作结果状语，常用于“too+adj./adv.+to do...”(表示“太...而不能...”)；“...enough to do...”(表示“足够...去做某事”)，“..., only to do...”(表示“...，却只...”)等结构中。 如：He runs too slowly to catch up with the bus.他跑得太慢，赶不上公交车。 He studies hard enough to pass the exam.他学习足够努力，能通过考试。 He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。 注意： ***too..to..结构当 too 前有not, never等否定词，或形容词为glad, happy, pleased等表示积极意义的词时， too...to...表示肯定含义。 如：She is too glad to help you.她非常乐意帮你。 He is not too young to understand it. 他年纪不小，能理解这件事。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．Everyone needs to follow safety rules ________ themselves. A．protect B．to protect C．to protecting D．protected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每个人都需要遵守安全规则来保护自己。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Everyone needs to follow safety rules... themselves.”可知，遵守安全规则的目的是保护自己，此处应用动词不定式“to protect”作目的状语。故选B。 2．Don’t be afraid ________ questions if you don’t understand what your teacher said in class. A．ask B．asked C．asking D．to ask 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你不理解老师在课堂上说的话，不要害怕提问。 考查动词不定式。短语“be afraid to do sth”的意思是“害怕做某事”，空处应填动词不定式。故选D。 3．The box is too heavy for me ________ it. A．carrying B．carries C．to carry D．carry 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个箱子太重了，我搬不动它。 考查非谓语动词。carrying是carry的现在分词形式；carries是carry的第三人称单数形式；to carry是carry的不定式形式；carry是动词原形。根据句子结构可知，此处是“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”，其中“to”后接动词原形，构成不定式，表示结果。所以此处应该用to carry。故选C。 4．Lucy is confident enough ________ in front of the whole class during the English speech contest. A．to speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在英语演讲比赛中，露西有足够的信心在全班同学面前演讲。 考查非谓语动词。“形容词+enough+to do sth”是一个常见结构，表示“足够……以至于可以做某事”，因此填不定式。故选A。 5．Last night, we arrived home very late, _______ the door locked. A．finding B．to find C．found D．only to find 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨晚，我们很晚才到家，结果发现门被锁上了。A. finding现在分词，发现；B. to find 动词不定式，发现，表示结果；C. found动词过去式或过去分词，发现；D. only to find，结果却发现 (表达出人意料或不愉快的意思)。根据语义可知，本句表“结果”有“出人意料”之意。故选D。 补全句子 1．我写信分享一个感人的故事。 I’m writing . 【答案】to share a touching story 2．在音乐会上，她看到了她最喜欢的歌手，感到很兴奋。 She her favorite singer at the concert. 【答案】 felt excited to see 3．他太小了，还没办法照顾自己。 He is too young himself. 【答案】 to look after 4．你的孩子们足够大了可以独自在家了。 Your children are alone at home. 【答案】old enough to stay 5．他需要靠少吃多运动来保持健康。 He needs keep fit. 【答案】to eat less and exercise more to (2) 动词不定式作宾语补足语(本单元重点语法) · 跟带to不定式作宾语补足语 常跟带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：要求允许提议(ask，allow，advise)；期望邀请鼓励(expect，invite，encourage，inspire)，教导命令告诉想要( teach，order，te1l，want)；等待希望愿意(wait for，wish，would 1ike/love)等。 如：My teacher asks me to finish my homework on time.老师要求我按时完成作业。 She encourages her brother to learn English well.她鼓励弟弟学好英语。 · 跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语 常跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：使役动词(make，let，have)；感官动词(see，hear，watch，notice，feel)等。 如：I always see her run on the playground. 我经常看见她在操场上跑步。 David always makes us laugh. 大卫总是让我们笑。 注意： ***感官动词后也可接doing作宾语补足语，强调动作正在进行；若接不带to的不定式，则表示强调动作的整个过程或曾经发生过。 如：I saw some boys playing soccer when I passed by the playground.当我经过操场时，我看见一些男孩子们 在踢足球。 ***help后接不定式作宾语时可带to，也可省略to。 如：Thank you for helping us (to) clean up the room. 谢谢你帮我们打扫房间。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．My parents always tell me ________ others’ things without asking. It’s not polite. A．not take B．not to take C．take D．to take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的父母总是告诉我不要不问就拿别人的东西。这是不礼貌的。 考查非谓语动词。take动词，拿，取。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据“My parents always tell me…others’ things without asking. It’s not polite”和常识可知，应该是不要不经允许拿别人的东西。故选B。 2．My teachers often inspire me ________ hard for my future. A．study B．studying C．to study D．studied 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的老师经常鼓舞我为我的未来努力学习。 考查inspire的用法。inspire“鼓舞”，后接动词不定式作补语，故选C。 3．I would like all my classmates __________ in my home. A．to have dinner B．to have the dinner C．have dinner D．having dinner 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想让我所有的同学来我家吃晚饭。to have dinner动词不定式，吃晚饭；to have the dinner形式错误，晚餐前不用冠词；have dinner吃晚饭；having dinner动名词。句中使用的句型would like sb. to do sth.想要做某事，应用动词不定式，故选A。 4．The Internet makes people _________ more conveniently than ever. A．to live B．living C．live D．lives 【答案】C 【详解】句意：互联网使人们的生活比以往任何时候都更方便。 考查非谓语。根据“makes people”可知，此处是短语make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，其后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，故选C。 5．I often see my neighbour, Mr. Li, ________ in the park every morning. A．run B．runs C．to run D．running 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我经常看到我的邻居李先生每天早上在公园里跑步。 考查非谓语动词。run跑步，see sb do sth “看见某人做了某事”，see sb doing sth “看见某人正在做某事”，根据 “every morning” 可知，每天早上看到他跑步，表示动作的完成，故选A。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Miss Lin told her students (check) their homework carefully after finishing it. 【答案】to check 【详解】句意：林老师告诉她的学生完成作业后要仔细检查。check“检查”，动词原形。根据“Miss Lin told her students...their homework carefully after finishing it.”可知，tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故填to check。 2．Zhuo Ma’s parents always encourage her (speak) out her opinions. 【答案】to speak 【详解】句意：卓玛的父母总是鼓励她表达自己的意见。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式to speak。故填to speak。 3．—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us (read) such traditional Chinese books. 【答案】to read 【详解】句意：——你打算读《西游记》这本书吗？——是的。我们老师希望我们读这样的中国传统书籍。“expect”是一个动词，意思是“期望”或“希望”，它后面通常接动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成“expect sb to do sth”的结构，表示“期望某人做某事”。在这个句子中，“us”是“expect”的宾语，而“read”是应该做的动作，所以需要用不定式形式“to read”来作宾语补足语。故填to read。 4．Please try your best to make the boys (not shout). 【答案】not shout 【详解】句意：请尽力让那些男孩们不要大喊大叫。make sb. (not) do sth.“让某人（不要）做某事”，是固定搭配，“make”后接不带to的不定式。故填not shout。 5．Mr. Wu asked us (not feed) the animals there because it might make them sick. 【答案】not to feed 【详解】句意：吴先生让我们不要在那里喂动物，因为这可能会让它们生病。根据“asked us...”以及提示词可知考查短语“ask sb not to do sth”，表示“让某人不要做某事”，用不定式的否定形式作宾语补足语，补充说明“us”被要求的具体内容。故填 not to feed。 6．The boy noticed a girl (run) across the street last Tuesday. 【答案】run 【详解】句意：上周二男孩注意到一个女孩跑过街道。notice sb doing sth“注意某人正在做某事”，notice sb do sth“注意到某人做了某事(全过程，经常性)，根据“across the street last Tuesday”可知，此处指注意到跑的全过程，用动词原形run“跑”，故填run。 7．The girl likes reading because it can help her (know) a lot about the world. 【答案】know/to know 【详解】句意：这个女孩喜欢阅读，因为它能帮助她了解很多关于世界的知识。help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填know/to know。 8．Parents often have their kids (do) housework to teach responsibility. 【答案】do 【详解】句意：父母经常让孩子做家务，以培养他们的责任感。此处have为使役动词，have sb do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。故填do。 9．—Is Lucy in the classroom? —Yeah. She is still there watching Mr. Li (draw). 【答案】drawing 【详解】句意：——露西在教室里吗？——是的。她还在那里看着李先生画画。根据“She is still there watching Mr. Li...”可知，此处是watch sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，draw“画画”，其现在分词形式为drawing。故填drawing。 10．Can you hear her (sing) the song in the next room? 【答案】singing 【详解】句意：你能听到她正在隔壁房间唱歌吗？ “hear sb. doing sth.”是固定结构，意为“听到某人正在做某事”，结合语境，是询问是否听到此刻正在唱歌的动作。故填singing。 (3) 动词不定式作宾语 · 只能接不定式作宾语的动词 常见的有：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, learn, agree, refuse, promise, expect, choose... 如：She hopes to visit the Great Wall next year.她希望明年去参观长城。 They decided to go to the park this weekend.他们决定这个周末去公园。 · 既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的动词 以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大：like, love, hate, begin, start, continue 如：They began to study hard. = They began studying hard.他们开始努力学习。 注意： ***以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别很大： try to do努力做某事；try doing尝试做某事 forget/remember to do 忘记/记得去做某事(未做)；forget/remember doing忘记/记得做过某事(已做) stop to do停下来去做另一件事；stop doing停止做某事（正在做的事） mean to do打算做某事；mean doing 意味着做某事 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事；can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 ***以下动词后只接动词-ing作宾语 suggest, risk, imagine, mind, practice, allow, advise, finish, miss, look forward to, feel like... 如：I suggest buying some juice. 我建议买些果汁。 Mum didn’t feel like walking. 妈妈不想走路。 · 动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接形容词补足语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。动词find，feel，make，think等常这样使用。 如：He found it hard to fall asleep. 他发现很难入睡。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．I plan ________ Days of Our Past tonight. A．to watch B．watch C．watching D．watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我计划今晚看《逝去的时光》。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故选A。 2．She promised ________ her old friend during her stay in Guangzhou. A．see B．seeing C．saw D．to see 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她答应在广州逗留期间去看望她的老朋友。 考查非谓语动词。see看望，动词原形；seeing动名词或现在分词形式；saw过去式；to see动词不定式。promise to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“答应做某事”，因此这里应用动词不定式形式。故选D。 3．We suggested ________ a picnic this weekend. A．to have B．had C．has D．having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们建议这周末去野餐。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，因此空格处应填动名词having。故选D。 4．—Would you mind ________ me how to use this digital wallet app? —Of course not. Let me show you step by step. A．show B．showing C．to show D．showed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你介意教我如何使用这个数字钱包应用吗？——当然不介意。让我一步步教你。 考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.表示“介意做某事”，因此用动名词showing作宾语。故选B。 5．Many students find it hard ________ decisions on their own without parents’ help. A．making B．make C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生发现没有父母的帮助自己很难做决定。 考查动词不定式的用法。making动名词形式；make动词原形；to make动词不定式；made过去式或过去分词。“find it+形容词+to do something”表示“发现做某事很……”，固定句型。故选C。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Andy was tired, so he decided (stay) at home. 【答案】to stay 【详解】句意：安迪很累，所以他决定待在家里。stay“待，停留”，是一个动词。该句谓语动词为“decided”，常用于decide to do sth.“决定去做某事”。故填to stay。 2．Lisa and Betty like playing ping-pong, so they choose (join) the ping-pong club. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意：莉萨和贝蒂喜欢打乒乓球，所以她们选择加入乒乓球俱乐部。“choose to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，此处需用动词不定式形式，故填to join。 3．We should try (reduce) the use of electricity by turning off the lights. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】句意：我们应该尽量通过关灯来减少用电。try to do sth“尽量做某事”，固定用法，动词要用不定式，reduce不定式为to reduce。故填to reduce。 4．Don’t forget (turn) off the lights before you leave the classroom. 【答案】to turn 【详解】句意：离开教室前不要忘记关灯。根据“forget”可知，这里考查forget to do sth.的用法，表示“忘记去做某事（事情未做）”；根据“... before you leave the classroom”可知，这里是在提醒离开教室前记得关灯，“关灯”这件事还没做。故填to turn。 5．I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首音乐的情景。“forget doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忘记做过某事（已做过）”，“hear”的动名词形式是“hearing”，故填hearing。 6．Mary remembered (turn) off the light when she left home. But it was on when she came back. 【答案】turning 【详解】句意：玛丽离开家时记得关灯，但回来时灯还亮着。根据 “Mary remembered...off the light when she left home. But it was on when she came back.” 可知，玛丽记得离开家时关了灯，但回来时灯是开着的。“记得做过某事”用remember doing sth.。故填turning。 7．Please remember (invite) all your classmates to the meeting tomorrow. 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：请记得邀请你所有的同学参加明天的会议。invite“邀请”，为动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还未做)，所以填invite的不定式to invite。故填to invite。 8．We have worked for such a long time. Let’s stop (have) a rest. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：我们已经工作了如此长的一段时间。让我们停下来休息一下吧。根据“We have worked for such a long time…”可知此处表示停下当前的事去休息，“stop to do sth.”表示“停下来去做”，因此应用“to have”。故填to have。 9．Stop (worry) about the boy. He will be better soon. 【答案】worrying 【详解】句意：别担心那个男孩了。他很快就会好起来的。worry“担心”，动词；结合句意可知，这里表示“停止担心那个男孩”，stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。故填worrying。 10．The amazing scenery in Wuxi always makes it hard for any visitors (describe). 【答案】to describe 【详解】句意：无锡令人惊叹的景色总是让游客难以描述。分析句子结构和所给单词可知，应填describe“描述”的动词不定时形式to describe，作宾语。句意“make it+adj.+for sb to do sth”意为“使做某事对某人来说是……的”，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。故填to describe。 (4) 动词不定式作定语 · 一些名词如way(方式), place(地方), ability(能力)，chance(机会),plan(计划), hope(希望),dream(梦想)等名词后常用不定时作定语 如：It’s a good way to relax. 这是放松的一个好方式。 Everyone is born with the ability to learn. 人人天生具有学习的能力。 · 当名词前有最高级，序数词，表唯一性的词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 如：Tu Youyou is the first female Chinese to win the Nobel Prize. 屠呦呦是第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。 He is the best person to do this job. 他是做这份工作的最佳人选。 · 不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，且常表示将来的动作，用途等。 如：I have much homework to do. 我有很多作业要写。 · 如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。 如：He needs a pen to write with. 他需要用一支钢笔写。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．The system has the ability ________ more than one program at the same time. A．to running B．running C．to run D．run 【答案】C 【详解】句意：该系统能够同时运行多个程序。 考查非谓语动词。the ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”，动词不定式作定语。故选C。 2．We live in an information age, so we have more chances ________ ourselves. A．to improve B．improve C．improved D．improves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们生活在信息时代，因此我们有更多提升自我的机会。    考查非谓语动词。根据“so we have more chances ... ourselves.”可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词“chances”，表示“提升自我的机会”。故选A。 3．Gagarin is the first astronaut ________ on the moon. A．step B．to step C．stepping D．steps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：加加林是第一位登上月球的宇航员。 考查非谓语动词。当名词前有序数词（如the first, the second）或形容词最高级修饰时，其后常用动词不定式（to do）作定语。本句中“the first astronaut”后应用动词不定式“to step”作后置定语。故选B。 4．The best time ________ your teeth is ten minutes after meals. A．brush B．to brush C．brushes D．to brushing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：刷牙的最佳时间是饭后10分钟。 考查非谓语形式。brush动词原形；to brush动词不定式；brushes动词三单；to brushing介词to+动名词。固定短语the best time to do sth“做某事最佳时机”，故用to brush。故选B。 5．—Why are you staying up late? —I have some work ______ tonight. A．finished B．finishing C．to finish D．finishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么要熬夜？——我今晚有些工作要完成。 考查非谓语动词。分析题干和选项可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词“work”，表示“需要完成的工作”。故选C。 补全句子 1．她是一个容易相处的人。 She is an easy person . 【答案】to get on with/to get along with 2．读书是提升词汇量的最佳方式。 Reading books is improve your vocabulary. 【答案】 the best way to 3．家不只是居住的地方，而是充满爱的地方。 Home is not a place just , but a place of love. 【答案】 to live 4．汤姆每天总是第一个来，最后一个走。 Tom is always the first , and the last every day. 【答案】 to come to leave 5．经过几年的努力，她实现了成为一名厨师的梦想。 With great efforts in the past few years, she has achieved her dream to . 【答案】be a cook/become a cook (5) 动词不定式作主语 · 动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，这种用法较少使用 如：To review your notes is very important for this exam. 复习笔记对这次考试很重要。 · 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面，常见的句式有： It is +形容词+(of sb.)+to do sth. 表示“某人做某事是...样的”。此句型中形容词通常是像nice, kind, clever, good, right, wrong, careless...等修饰人的形容词，表示不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。 如：It’s so careless of you to make so many mistakes. 犯了这么多错误，你真是太粗心了。 It is +形容词+(for sb.)+to do sth. 表示“对于某人来说，做某事是...样的”。此句型中形容词通常是像hard, difficult, easy, important...等修饰事物的形容词，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。 如：It is difficult for him to finish the work alone.对他来说，独自完成这项工作很难。 It takes sb.+时间/努力...+to do sth. 表示“做某事需要某人...时间/努力...”。 如：It took us half an hour to get to the top. 到达顶部花了我们半个小时。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．It’s important ________ us ________ the environment. A．of; protect B．of; to protect C．for; protect D．for; to protect 【答案】D 【详解】句意：保护环境对我们来说很重要。 考查固定句型“It’s+adj+for sb to do sth”的用法。根据“It’s important…us…the environment.”可知，此处是“It’s+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故选D。 2．It takes us three years ________ English. A．studying B．to study C．study D．studies 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们花费三年时间学习英语。 考查非谓语动词。此处使用了固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth”，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故选B。 3．In winter, many people get the flu. It’s important to keep warm and _________ healthy food. A．to eating B．eats C．eating D．eat 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在冬天，许多人得流感。保持温暖和吃健康食品很重要。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s important to keep warm and...healthy food.”可知，此处是“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”句型，keep warm和eat healthy food 是两个并列的动作，由and连接。故选D。 4．It’s polite ________ us _________quiet while eating. A．for, to keep B．of, to keep C．for, keep D．of, keep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们吃饭时保持安静是有礼貌的。 考查介词和非谓语动词。固定句式：It’s+形容词+for/of sb to do sth，polite是修饰人的形容词，介词用of，动词不定式作主语，故选B。 5．It’s exciting ________ new places and meet different people. A．discover B．to discover C．discovering D．discovered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：发现新地方和遇见不同的人是很令人兴奋的。 考查动词不定式作主语。根据“It’s exciting…new places and meet different people.”可知，句子结构“It is+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”。It作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故选B。 (6) 动词不定式作表语 · 主语是表示职业、职责或性质等的名词时，常用不定式作表语示主语的意图、目的或即将进行的动作。 如：Our task is to clean the classroom today. 我们的任务是今天打扫教室。 · 主语是表示目标、计划、打算、希望、决定、选择等的名词时，常用不定式作表语 如：Her dream is to become a doctor in the future.她的梦想是将来成为一名医生。 My plan is to learn English well this term.我的计划是这学期学好英语。 · 用在系动词seem/appear(好像，似乎)后。 如：He seems to be very happy today.他今天似乎很高兴。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．My dream is ________ different amazing places around the world. A．explore B．exploring C．to explore D．explored 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的梦想是探索世界上不同的奇妙地方。 考查非谓语动词。句子主语是My dream，be动词is后接表语，常用动词不定式（to do）表示具体的梦想内容。因此用to explore。故选C。 2．Yesterday the children seemed ________ rope skipping very much at the party. A．enjoyed B．to enjoy C．enjoying D．enjoy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天在派对上，孩子们似乎非常享受跳绳。 考查seem后接动词的用法。enjoyed享受，动词过去式；to enjoy享受，动词不定式；enjoying正在享受，动词现在分词；enjoy享受，动词原形。根据“seemed”可知，seem to do sth“似乎做某事”，seem为连系动词，后需接动词不定式作表语。故选B。 3．My dad’s job was ________ the broken bike for the little boy next door. A．fix B．to fix C．to fixing D．fixed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸的工作是修理隔壁小男孩的坏自行车。 考查动词不定式作表语。根据句子结构，主语“My dad’s job”表示“工作内容”，需用动词不定式作表语，表示目的或职责。故选B。 4．The rule is ________ students from fighting at school. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条规则是为了阻止学生在学校打架。 考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式to stop作表语，用来解释说明主语the rule的具体内容和目的。故选B。 5．—What’s your plan for this winter vacation? —My plan is _______ in the countryside. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．to walk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你这个寒假有什么计划？——我的计划是在乡下散步。 考查非谓语动词。walk走路；walks单三形式；walked过去式；to walk动词不定式。句子已有谓语动词is，此处考查非谓语形式，根据题干可知计划的动作没有完成，因此用动词不定式作表语。故选D。 (7) “疑问词+不定式”结构的用法 不定式可与what,how,where,when,which等疑问词连用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。 · 作主语 放在句首作主语，谓语动词用单数，为避免头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语。 如：How to get there is still unclear .= It is still unclear how to get there. 如何去那里还不清楚。 · 作宾语 放在及物动词后作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。常用动词有：know, learn, decide, tell, ask, show, forget, remember, understand, wonder等。 如：I don't know how to solve this problem.= I don't know how I can solve this problem. 我不知道如何解决这 个问题。 · 作表语 如：The question is how to get there on time.问题是如何按时到达那里。 · 作宾语补足语 如：The teacher told us how to solve the math problem.老师告诉我们如何解决这道数学题。 [随学随练] 补全句子 1．我不知道穿什么去参加我同学的生日派对。 I don’t know for my classmate’s birthday party. 【答案】 what to wear 2．他教我们如何计算出数学难题。 He teaches us how to difficult math problems. 【答案】how to work out 3．你能告诉我们越秀哪里可以看龙舟赛吗？ Could you tell us the Dragon Boat Races in Yuexiu? 【答案】where to watch 4．我们计划去上海，但还没决定何时出发。 We are planning to go to Shanghai, but we haven’t decided . 【答案】when to set off 5．他最大的问题是如何克服他的羞怯。 His biggest problem is his shyness. 【答案】how to get over (8) 一些特殊结构 · 不定式跟在but后(此时，but表示“除了...”)，前面有do的任何形式时，后面不定式省略to。若前面没有do，则不定式的to不省略。比如：在“have nothing to do but do... ”表示“除了...外，无事可做”结构中，but后的不定式省略to。在“have no choice but to do...”表示“除了...外，别无选择”结构中，but后的不定式不省略to。 如：She did nothing but cry when she heard the news.她听到这个消息时，除了哭她什么都没做。 We have no choice but to take a bus. 除了坐汽车，我们别无选择。 · had better (not) do “最好(不要)做某事”用于提建议 如：We had better not go out in the heavy rain. 下大雨你最好不要出去。 · prefer to do rather than do表示“宁愿做...而不愿做...”，第一个不定时to必须保留，rather than 后的不定式必须省略to。 如：I prefer to read books rather than watch TV in my free time.我空闲时宁愿看书，也不愿看电视。 · would rather do sth than do sth表示“宁愿做...而不愿做...”，would rather和than后都接不带to的不定式。 如：We would rather walk to school than take the bus. 我们宁愿步行上学，也不愿坐公交车。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．—It rained so heavily yesterday! I just stayed at home. —Me too. I had nothing to do but ______ stories about the rain with my cat by my side. A．write B．wrote C．to write D．writing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——昨天雨下得很大！我只是待在家里。——我也是。我没什么事可做，只能写关于雨的故事，我的猫待在我的身边。 考查非谓语动词。have nothing to do but do sth.“除了……，没什么事可做”，空格处应用原形write。故选A。 2．Tom shouted, “The apple is brown. I had better ________ it in the air.” A．don’t leave B．not leaving C．not leave D．not to leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆大喊：“这苹果成棕色了，我最好不要把它留在空气中了。” 考查情态动词。情态动词had better意为“最好”，表示肯定时，后接不带to的动词不定式，即had better do sth.“最好做某事”；表示否定时，在省略to的不定式前加not，即had better not do sth.“最好不做某事”。故选C。 3．I prefer __________ a book rather than __________ TV in my free time. A．read; watch B．read; to watch C．to read; to watch D．to read; watch 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我的空闲时间，我更喜欢读书而不是看电视。 考查prefer的固定搭配。read读，动词原形；to read读，动词不定式；watch看，动词原形；to watch看，动词不定式。prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，固定搭配。根据此结构，第一个空应填“to read”，第二个空应填“watch”。故选D。 4．Tom would rather _________ at home than _________ shopping with his mother. A．to stay; go B．stay; go C．staying; going D．to stay; to go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆宁愿待在家里也不愿和他妈妈去买东西。 考查非谓语动词。to stay动词不定式；go“去”，动词原形；stay“停留”，动词原形；staying动名词或现在分词；going动名词或现在分词；to go动词不定式。分析句子结构可在，此处考查would rather do sth. than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，固定搭配，因此这两处都应用省略to的动词不定式。故选B。 5．Because my bike broke down on the way to school, I had no choice but ________ my dad to drive me there. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：因为我的自行车在去学校的路上坏了，我别无选择，只能请爸爸开车送我去那里。 考查动词不定式用法。根据“have no choice but to do”意为“别无选择，只能做某事”，but后需接不定式。故选C。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去山里，但是我妹妹想待在家里。 考查动词不定式的用法。第一个空，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，需用动词不定式to go作宾语；第二个空，want to do sth“想要做某事”，需用动词不定式to stay作宾语。故选D。 (2) His dream is ________ a famous chef, so he practices cooking every day after school. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的梦想是成为一名著名的厨师，所以他每天放学后练习烹饪。 考查动词不定式作表语的用法。根据“His dream is”可知表示“梦想是成为”，固定使用动词不定式to be作表语，强调目标或愿望。故选B。 (3) —Look! Can you see colourful kites ________ in the sky? —Sure. It is the best time ________ kites. A．fly; flying B．flying; to fly C．flying; flying D．fly; to fly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！你能看到五颜六色的风筝在天空飞翔吗？——当然。这是放风筝的最好时间。 考查非谓语动词。fly飞，动词原形；flying飞，动名词/现在分词；to fly飞，动词不定式。see sth. doing看见某物正在……，所以第一空用现在分词flying，排除选项A和D；it is the best time to do sth.是做某事的最好时间，所以第二空用动词不定式to fly。故选B。 (4) ________ the students in need, Jimmy often invites his classmates ________ money by selling old books. A．Help; raising B．To help; raise C．To help; to raise D．Helping; to raise 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了帮助有需要的学生，吉米经常邀请他的同学通过卖旧书来筹集资金。 考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。第一空，根据“Jimmy often invites his classmates…money by selling old books.”可知，吉米邀请同学卖旧书筹集资金的目的是为了帮助有需要的学生，此处应用动词不定式“To help”作目的状语；第二空，invite sb. to do sth.为固定结构，表示“邀请某人做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式“to raise”作宾语补足语。故选C。 (5) Many people learn to use new apps ________ their daily lives more convenient. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多人学习使用新的应用程序，以使他们的日常生活更加便利。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Many people learn to use new apps…their daily lives more convenient.”可知，学习使用新应用程序的目的是让日常生活更便利，此处应用动词不定式“to make”作目的状语。故选B。 (6) Lily is very kind. She is always ready ________ us. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Lily很善良，她总是乐意帮助我们。 考查动词不定式的用法。be ready to do sth.表示“乐意做某事”，此处指乐意帮助我们。故选A。 (7) The box is ________ heavy for me ________ put it on the table. Who can help me? A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that D．enough; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个箱子对我来说太重了，我搬不上桌子。谁能帮我？ 考查结果状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……；too...to...太……而不能……；such...that...如此……以至于……；enough...to...足够……去做……。根据“The box is...heavy for me...put it on the table.”可知，箱子太重导致“我”搬不上去，应用too...to...结构。故选B。 (8) —Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天下午你愿意和我一起去游泳吗？——抱歉，天气太热了。我想在家看电视上的卡通片。 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth表示“愿意做某事”，空一处用不定式；feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，空二处用动名词。故选D。 (9) I prefer ________ at home rather than ________ to the party. A．staying; go B．to stay; going C．staying; going D．to stay; go 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我宁愿待在家里也不愿去参加聚会。 考查动词prefer的固定搭配。根据“prefer...rather than...”可知，其固定搭配为“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，因此第一个空填“to stay”，第二个空填动词原形“go”。故选D。 (10) I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A．to lock; locking B．locking; to lock C．to lock; to lock D．locking; locking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我离开家的时候我经常忘记锁门，但昨天我记得锁门了。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（动作未发生）；forget doing sth忘记做过某事（动作已发生）；remember to do sth记得要做某事（动作未发生）；remember doing sth记得做过某事（动作已发生）。根据“often forget... the door when I leave home”可知，“出门时锁门”是本该做但常忘记做的事 （动作未发生），第一空用“to lock”；根据“but yesterday I remembered...it.”可知，“昨天锁门”是已经完成的动作，第二空用“locking”。故选A。 (11) —There is no need to have my watch ______ because it is completely broken. —Maybe you will have no choice but ______ another one. A．repaired; to buy B．repair; buy C．repair; to buy D．repaired; buy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我的手表完全坏了，不需要修理了。——可能你除了再买一个也别无选择了。 考查非谓语动词以及动词短语。第一个空，watch与repair之间是被动关系，应用过去分词repaired，作宾语补足语；第二个空，固定搭配have no choice but to do sth，含义是“别无选择，只能做某事”，应用to buy。故选A。 (12) Mr. Li with his friends often ________ computers ________ ideas about painting. A．use; to share B．use; shares C．uses; share D．uses; to share 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李先生和他的朋友们经常用电脑分享绘画的想法。 考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。空一根据“Mr. Li with his friends often...computers...ideas”可知，主语是“Mr. Li”，谓语动词需与“Mr. Li”保持一致，用第三人称单数形式“uses”；空二根据“...computers...ideas about painting.”可知，此处表示“用电脑的目的”，应用动词不定式表目的。故选D。 (13) It’s so kind ________ you to allow me ________ by myself. A．for; making decisions B．of; to make decisions C．of; making decisions D．for; to make decisions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能让我自己做决定，真是太好了。 考查固定搭配。“It is+形容词+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”句型中，当形容词是描述人物的性格、品质时用介词of；当形容词是描述事物的特征时用介词for。kind是描述人的品质的形容词，应用of。“allow sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“允许某人做某事”，make decisions为固定搭配，表示“做决定”。故选B。 (14) —Does your mother make you ________ housework every day? —No. In fact, I offer ________ the dishes every day. A．do; to do B．doing; to do C．do; doing D．to do; doing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你妈妈每天都让你做家务吗？——不。事实上，我每天主动洗碗。 考查非谓语动词。make sb do sth使某人做某事，省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故第一空应填do。offer to do sth“主动做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。 (15) He used to have a good time ________ computer games at weekends, but he has no time ________ that now. A．to play; doing B．to play; to do C．playing; doing D．playing; to do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他过去在周末玩电脑游戏玩得很开心，但现在他没有时间那样做了。 考查非谓语动词。have a good time doing sth.“做某事很愉快”，第一空填动名词；have no time to do sth.“没有时间做某事”，第二空填不定式。故选D。 (16) I advised her ________so much time choosing what to wear every morning. A．to not spend B．not to spend C．not spend D．spend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我建议她每天早上不要花太多时间挑选穿什么衣服。   考查动词不定式的否定形式。advise sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“建议某人不要做某事”。动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not，即not to do。故选B。 (17) —What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个数学题怎么样？——它太难了。我真的不知道如何解决它。 考查疑问词+不定式的用法。“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语时，需要注意疑问词的功能：how是方式副词，需与及物动词do的宾语搭配，即“how to do it（如何做这道题）”；what是代词，可直接作do的宾语，结构应为“what to do”，无需额外加it。故选A。 (18) —Do you know how ________ the word “name”? —Yes. It begins with an “n”. A．spell B．spelling C．to spell D．to spelling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道“name”这个词是怎么拼写的吗？——知道。它以“n”开头。 考查非谓语动词。根据“how...the word”可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，how to spell“怎样拼写”。故选C。 (19) It’s important ________ us ________ the animals in danger. A．of; to protect B．of; protect C．for; to protect D．for; protect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：对我们来说，保护濒危动物很重要。 考查固定句型。在“It’s + 形容词 + for/of sb. + to do sth.”结构中，当形容词描述事物的性质时用for，当形容词描述人的品质时用of。important描述的是事情的性质，因此用for；后面用不定式to protect作真正主语。故选C。 (20) I think ________ not difficult ________ English every day. A．that; keep reading B．it; to keep reading C．that; to keep reading D．it; keep reading 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为每天坚持读英语不是困难的。 考查it作形式宾语以及非谓语动词。根据“I think...not difficult...English every day.”可知，此处是“think it+adj+to do sth”结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式，故选B。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) My parents advised me (not play) with wild dogs because they are dangerous. 【答案】not to play 【详解】句意：我的父母告诫我不要和野狗玩耍，因为它们很危险。句中是“advise sb. to do sth.”，意为“建议某人做某事”，其否定形式应在不定式to前加not，不定式to后应用play的动词原形。故填not to play。 (2) Try (not think) too much about your problems, and things will be okay soon. 【答案】not to think 【详解】句意：尽量不要想太多你的问题，事情很快就会好起来的。根据提示词和题干可知，此处应用短语try not to do sth.表示“尽量不要做某事”，所以空格处应填not to think。故填not to think。 (3) Jane doesn’t know how (plan) her travel to Beijing and has to ask C-trip for help. 【答案】to plan 【详解】句意：简不知道如何规划她的北京之行，不得不向携程求助。根据“how”及所给单词“plan”可知，此处用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构作宾语，how to plan意为 “如何规划”。故填to plan。 (4) Could you tell me where (get) some money? 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：你能告诉我到哪里去取钱吗？此处是“疑问词+不定式”的结构，空处应是不定式to get。故填to get。 (5) It is a good idea (find) someone else to ask for help. 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：找别人寻求帮忙是个好主意。“It is a good idea to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是个好主意”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，所以此处填to find。故填to find。 (6) At 8:00, it’s time for us (start) the class. 【答案】to start 【详解】句意：八点钟，到我们上课的时间了。根据“it’s time for us...the class”以及所给单词可知，应填动词start的动词不定式形式to start，作主语，前面的it是形式主语，表示到我们上课的时间了。It’s time for sb to do sth“到某人做某事的时间了”。故填to start。 (7) Don’t forget (say) thanks when other people help you. 【答案】to say 【详解】句意：当别人帮助你的时候，不要忘记说谢谢。根据“Don’t forget… (say) thanks when other people help you.”可知，这里考查forget to do sth.，表示“忘记要做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式形式，to say符合语境，指不要忘记去做“说谢谢”这件事。故填to say。 (8) We were very lucky to manage (get) what we wanted. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：我们很幸运地设法得到了我们想要的东西。manage to do sth“设法做到某事”，空处填动词不定式；get“得到”，动词，不定式为to get。故填to get。 (9) A small child called Cao Chong thought of a creative way (weigh) the elephant. 【答案】to weigh 【详解】句意：一个叫曹冲的小孩想到了一个称大象的有创意的办法。weigh“称重”，动词；空格前为名词“way”，常用“a way to do sth.”表示“做某事的方法”，这里需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to weigh。 (10) The science exhibition in the city museum offers a good chance (explore) the world of science. 【答案】to explore 【详解】句意：城市博物馆的科学展览提供了一个探索科学世界的好机会。offer a good chance to do sth“提供一个做某事的好机会”，固定用法，动词要用不定式形式，explore不定式为to explore。故填to explore。 (11) We should try our best (protect) the animals in danger. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我们应该尽力保护濒危动物。try one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”，固定搭配。故填to protect。 (12) We should do everything we can (protect) wildlife. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我们应该尽我们所能去保护野生动物。根据提示可知，此处在句中作目的状语，用于说明“尽我们所能”的目的是保护野生动物，所以用不定式“to protect”，故填to protect。 (13) After some time, he was pleased (find) that the moon was in the bucket. 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：过了一段时间，他高兴地发现月亮在水桶里。find“发现”是动词。be pleased to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“高兴地做某事”，因此填动词不定式。故填to find。 (14) She feels excited (start) her new job. 【答案】to start 【详解】句意：她对开始新工作感到兴奋。根据“feels excited”及句子结构可知，此处需用动词不定式作原因状语，表示“因为要做某事而感到兴奋”。start“开始”，动词，其不定式形式为to start。feel excited to do sth.“对做某事感到兴奋”。故填to start。 (15) Sometimes people say the resolutions may be too difficult (keep). 【答案】to keep 【详解】句意：有时人们说这些决心可能太难遵守。keep“保持，遵守”，动词。由“too difficult”可知，考查“too + 形容词 + to + 动词原形”的用法，意思是“太……以至于不能……”。此空在“too difficult”后面，需要用不定式“to + 动词原形”。这里动词“keep”是原形，因此填入“to keep”。故填to keep。 (16) He is confident enough (finish) the task. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：他有足够的信心完成这项任务。根据“He is confident enough…the task.”及提示词可知，“adj. + enough + to do sth.”意为“足够……可以做某事”，固定搭配，finish“完成”，动词。故填to finish。 (17) I remember (lock) the door when I left home, but now it’s open. 【答案】locking 【详解】句意：当我离开家的时候，我记得锁门了，但是现在门却开着。根据“I remember…the door”以及提示词可知，此处指“记得锁门了”，remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”。故填locking。 (18) Taking notes in class is a good way to avoid (forget) important knowledge, boys. 【答案】forgetting 【详解】句意：男孩们，在课堂上做笔记是避免忘记重要知识的好方法。forget“忘记”，动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填forgetting。 (19) I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. It was amazing! 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首音乐。它是令人惊异的！forget doing sth：忘记做过某事；forget to do sth：忘记去做某事。根据“It was amazing”可知，此处指不会忘记听过这首音乐，故填hearing。 (20) Look, there are many students in the playground. I can see them (run). 【答案】running 【详解】句意：看，操场上有许多学生。我能看见他们正在奔跑。根据“Look”可知，此处强调正在进行的动作，应用“see sb doing sth”结构，意为“看见某人正在做某事”，run的现在分词是running。故填running。 (21) In the park, we can often hear the birds (sing) happily. 【答案】sing 【详解】句意：在公园里，我们经常能听到鸟儿快乐地歌唱。根据“often hear the birds”可知，强调经常听到鸟儿唱歌，hear+宾语+do sth表示“听到……做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故填sing。 (22) Ms Lin lets the class (ask) questions about school and she answers them with a smile. 【答案】ask 【详解】句意：林老师让全班同学提问有关学校的问题，她微笑着一一作答。ask“问”，动词，且该句考查“let sb. do sth.”，则空处应用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填ask。 (23) Henry decided (watch) the magic show instead of playing the guitar. 【答案】to watch 【详解】句意：亨利决定看魔术表演而不是弹吉他。根据“decided”可知，此处为decide to do sth“决定做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语，to watch“去看”，符合语境。故填to watch。 (24) Every time I am down, my best friend encourages me (not lose) heart. 【答案】not to lose 【详解】句意：每当我沮丧时，我最好的朋友都会鼓励我不要灰心。根据“encourages me”可知，encourage sb. not to do sth.“鼓励某人不要做某事”。故填not to lose。 (25) Nowadays, many teenagers seem (care) about what they look like more. 【答案】to care 【详解】句意：现在，许多青少年似乎更关心他们的外表。care about“关心”，动词短语，结合“seem”可知，此处是seem to do sth.“似乎要做某事”，空处使用动词不定式。故填to care。 四、完成句子 (1) 我妈妈告诉我不要放弃。 My mother told give up. 【答案】 me not to (2) 首先，一个男孩教他们如何设计和建造火箭。 First, a boy them and build rockets. 【答案】 taught how to design (3) 我正在考虑今年冬天去哪里度假。 I am thinking about the holiday this winter. 【答案】where to spend (4) 当你见到这些孤独的人的时候，会使你意识到你是多么地幸运啊。 When you meet these lonely people, it you how lucky you are. 【答案】 makes/lets/has realize (5) 他努力练习让他的梦想实现。 He works hard to his dream . 【答案】 make come true (6) 让我们八点钟在我家见面。 at 8 o’clock at my home. 【答案】 Let’s meet (7) 乐观面对生活对我们来说很重要。 for us the bright side of life. 【答案】 It’s important to look on (8) 我花了一个小时才到达火车站。 It took me one hour the train station. 【答案】 to get to (9) 我们经常轮流回答老师的问题。 We often the teacher’s questions. 【答案】 take turns to answer (10) 在这种情形下最好的沟通办法是什么呢？ What’s the best way this situation? 【答案】 to communicate in (11) 对他们而言，厨房就是一个暖身及分享有趣故事的绝佳地点。 For them, the kitchen is a perfect place and share interesting stories. 【答案】 to warm up (12) 她说这门学科可以帮助我们开阔思维。 She says this subject can help us . 【答案】open our minds (13) 我父母不允许我晚上 10 点以后出门。 My parents don’t after 10:00 p.m. 【答案】 allow me to go out (14) 为了成为一名更好的学习者，我们老师经常提醒我们要注意在课堂上记笔记。 better learners, our teacher often reminds us notes in class. 【答案】 To become to pay attention to taking (15) 腾飞已准备好明天开始他的新工作。 Teng Fei is his new job tomorrow. 【答案】 ready to start (16) 为了避免交通拥堵我们启程很早。 the bad traffic, we started our journey early. 【答案】 To avoid (17) 我们很高兴在海滩上看到美丽的日落。 We are the beautiful sunset on the beach. 【答案】 glad to see (18) 托尼太困了，以至于不能集中精力在学习上。 Tony is too sleepy his studies. 【答案】 to focus on (19) Amy足够有耐心，能成为一个优秀的老师。 Amy is an excellent teacher. 【答案】patient enough to make (20) 我决定不接受这份工作，因为它离家太远了。 I the job because it’s too far from my home. 【答案】 decide not to accept 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法填空 Students can’t bring mobile phones to school, but Gary often broke this rule. Gary’s parents were really worried about him and talked to him often. They asked him 1 (work) harder and he promised 2 (spend) more time on his schoolwork. Even so, Gary often got into trouble. One day, his Chinese teacher saw him 3 (play) games on his phone in class again and told him that if he broke the rule one more time, he would be punished (被惩罚). Gary went home and lay on the bed with his eyes open. He was lost in thought. His parents sent him to a nice school and he didn’t want to keep disappointing (使失望) them. He decided 4 (talk) to his best friend Susan about his problems because he knew it was time 5 (make) some changes in his life. Susan agreed 6 (come) over to his home the next day after school. After hearing about his problems, she advised Gary 7 (listen) to the teacher carefully in class and make a weekly study plan. What was more, she would like 8 (help) him with his homework so he could improve his grades. Gary thanked Susan for 9 (give) him such great advice. He said he didn’t want to keep making trouble in the future and he hoped 10 (become) an excellent student. 【答案】 1．to work 2．to spend 3．playing 4．to talk 5．to make 6．to come 7．to listen 8．to help 9．giving 10．to become 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了加里在好友的建议下改变自己的事迹。 1．句意：他们要求他更加努力学习，他答应在功课上花更多的时间。根据“asked him”可知，考查ask sb to do“要求某人做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故填to work。 2．句意：他们要求他更加努力学习，他答应在功课上花更多的时间。spend“花费”，根据“he promised”可知，考查promise to do“答应做某事”，因此填不定式作宾语。故填to spend。 3．句意：有一天，他的语文老师看到他又在课堂上玩手机游戏，并告诉他，如果他再违反规则，他将受到惩罚。play“玩”，根据“saw him”可知，考查see sb doing“看见某人正在做某事”，故填playing。 4．句意：他决定和他最好的朋友苏珊谈谈他的问题，因为他知道是时候改变他的生活了。talk“谈话”，设空处前是“decided”，decide to do“决定做某事”。故填to talk。 5．句意：他决定和他最好的朋友苏珊谈谈他的问题，因为他知道是时候改变他的生活了。make“做”，根据“it was time”可知，考查固定句型it is time to do sth“是时候做某事”。故填to make。 6．句意：苏珊同意第二天放学后到他家去。come over“顺便来访”，根据“agreed”可知，考查agree to do sth“同意做某事”，故填to come。 7．句意：听到加里的问题后，她建议他在课堂上认真听老师讲课，并制定每周的学习计划。listen“听”，根据“she advised Gary”可知，考查短语advise sb to do“建议某人做某事”。故填to listen。 8．句意：更重要的是，她愿意帮助他做作业，这样他就可以提高他的成绩。help“帮助”，根据“she would like”可知，would like to do“愿意做某事”，故填to help。 9．句意：加里感谢苏珊给了他这么好的建议。give“给”，根据“thanked Susan for”可知，考查thank sb for doing sth“感谢某人做某事”。故填giving。 10．句意：他说他以后不想再惹麻烦了，他希望成为一名优秀的学生。become“成为”，根据设空处前的“hoped”可知，考查hope to do“希望做某事”。故填to become。 2. 翻译句子 (1) 那位向导教了我们如何制作机器人模型，但是他有点严肃。 【答案】The guide taught us how to make a robot model, but he was a bit serious. (2) 为了看这场展览，我们提前 (in advance) 一周预订了门票。 【答案】We booked tickets a week in advance to see this exhibition. (3) 这本书总使我记起一些重要的事情。(remember, important) 【答案】This book always makes me remember some important things. (4) 能和你一起完成这个任务，是我的荣幸。 【答案】It’s my pleasure to finish this task with you./ It’s my honor to finish this task with you. (5) 我希望长大后能拥有我自己的书店。 【答案】I hope to have my own bookstore when I grow up. (6) 他决定给他的寄宿制家庭写一封感谢信。 【答案】He decided to write a thank-you letter to his host family. (7) 花园是种花最好的地方。 【答案】The garden is the best place to grow flowers. (8) 使用思维导图是记忆事物的最佳方法之一。 【答案】Using mind maps is one of the best ways to remember things. (9) 我们惊讶地看到这么多人在泰山看日出(the sunrise)。 【答案】We were surprised to see so many people watching the sunrise at Mount Tai. (10) 她太忙于她的舞蹈课而没有注意到时间。 【答案】She was too busy with her dance class to notice the time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 动词不定式用法 1. 动词不定式的含义 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由“to+动词原型”构成，有时to被省略。 它在句中不能单独作谓语，但可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等多种成分。 2. 动词不定式的结构 (1) 基本结构：to+动词原型 如：I want to buy some snacks. 我要买些零食。 (2) 否定式：not +不定式 如：My mum told me not to swim in the river. 妈妈告诉我不要去河里游泳。 (3) 特殊结构：动词原型(省略了to的动词不定式) · 一些特殊动词后接不定式要省略to（详见“动词不定式用法”部分） 如：The teacher makes everyone feel special. 老师让每个人都感到很特别。 · 两个不定式表示并列关系时，第二个不定式可以省略to。 如：He told the kids to stay there and wait till he came back.他让孩子们待在那里，等他回来。 3. 动词不定式的用法 (1) 动词不定式作状语(本单元重点语法) · 作目的状语 作目的状语时，可与in order to互换使用。 如：I play the flute to relax. 我吹笛子来放松。 In order to give her sister a surprise, she prepared a lot for the party. 为了给妹妹一个惊喜，她为聚会做 了很多准备。 · 作原因状语 在“be+形容词+to do...”结构中，形容词为表示情感的形容词时，不定式常做原因状语。 如：I was so glad to meet you here. 我真的很高兴在这遇见你。 · 作结果状语 不定式作结果状语，常用于“too+adj./adv.+to do...”(表示“太...而不能...”)；“...enough to do...”(表示“足够...去做某事”)，“..., only to do...”(表示“...，却只...”)等结构中。 如：He runs too slowly to catch up with the bus.他跑得太慢，赶不上公交车。 He studies hard enough to pass the exam.他学习足够努力，能通过考试。 He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。 注意： ***too..to..结构当 too 前有not, never等否定词，或形容词为glad, happy, pleased等表示积极意义的词时， too...to...表示肯定含义。 如：She is too glad to help you.她非常乐意帮你。 He is not too young to understand it. 他年纪不小，能理解这件事。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．Everyone needs to follow safety rules ________ themselves. A．protect B．to protect C．to protecting D．protected 2．Don’t be afraid ________ questions if you don’t understand what your teacher said in class. A．ask B．asked C．asking D．to ask 3．The box is too heavy for me ________ it. A．carrying B．carries C．to carry D．carry 4．Lucy is confident enough ________ in front of the whole class during the English speech contest. A．to speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke 5．Last night, we arrived home very late, _______ the door locked. A．finding B．to find C．found D．only to find 补全句子 1．我写信分享一个感人的故事。 I’m writing . 2．在音乐会上，她看到了她最喜欢的歌手，感到很兴奋。 She her favorite singer at the concert. 3．他太小了，还没办法照顾自己。 He is too young himself. 4．你的孩子们足够大了可以独自在家了。 Your children are alone at home. 5．他需要靠少吃多运动来保持健康。 He needs keep fit. (2) 动词不定式作宾语补足语(本单元重点语法) · 跟带to不定式作宾语补足语 常跟带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：要求允许提议(ask，allow，advise)；期望邀请鼓励(expect，invite，encourage，inspire)，教导命令告诉想要( teach，order，te1l，want)；等待希望愿意(wait for，wish，would 1ike/love)等。 如：My teacher asks me to finish my homework on time.老师要求我按时完成作业。 She encourages her brother to learn English well.她鼓励弟弟学好英语。 · 跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语 常跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：使役动词(make，let，have)；感官动词(see，hear，watch，notice，feel)等。 如：I always see her run on the playground. 我经常看见她在操场上跑步。 David always makes us laugh. 大卫总是让我们笑。 注意： ***感官动词后也可接doing作宾语补足语，强调动作正在进行；若接不带to的不定式，则表示强调动作的整个过程或曾经发生过。 如：I saw some boys playing soccer when I passed by the playground.当我经过操场时，我看见一些男孩子们 在踢足球。 ***help后接不定式作宾语时可带to，也可省略to。 如：Thank you for helping us (to) clean up the room. 谢谢你帮我们打扫房间。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．My parents always tell me ________ others’ things without asking. It’s not polite. A．not take B．not to take C．take D．to take 2．My teachers often inspire me ________ hard for my future. A．study B．studying C．to study D．studied 3．I would like all my classmates __________ in my home. A．to have dinner B．to have the dinner C．have dinner D．having dinner 4．The Internet makes people _________ more conveniently than ever. A．to live B．living C．live D．lives 5．I often see my neighbour, Mr. Li, ________ in the park every morning. A．run B．runs C．to run D．running 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Miss Lin told her students (check) their homework carefully after finishing it. 2．Zhuo Ma’s parents always encourage her (speak) out her opinions. 3．—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us (read) such traditional Chinese books. 4．Please try your best to make the boys (not shout). 5．Mr. Wu asked us (not feed) the animals there because it might make them sick. 6．The boy noticed a girl (run) across the street last Tuesday. 7．The girl likes reading because it can help her (know) a lot about the world. 8．Parents often have their kids (do) housework to teach responsibility. 9．—Is Lucy in the classroom? —Yeah. She is still there watching Mr. Li (draw). 10．Can you hear her (sing) the song in the next room? (3) 动词不定式作宾语 · 只能接不定式作宾语的动词 常见的有：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, learn, agree, refuse, promise, expect, choose... 如：She hopes to visit the Great Wall next year.她希望明年去参观长城。 They decided to go to the park this weekend.他们决定这个周末去公园。 · 既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的动词 以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大：like, love, hate, begin, start, continue 如：They began to study hard. = They began studying hard.他们开始努力学习。 注意： ***以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别很大： try to do努力做某事；try doing尝试做某事 forget/remember to do 忘记/记得去做某事(未做)；forget/remember doing忘记/记得做过某事(已做) stop to do停下来去做另一件事；stop doing停止做某事（正在做的事） mean to do打算做某事；mean doing 意味着做某事 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事；can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 ***以下动词后只接动词-ing作宾语 suggest, risk, imagine, mind, practice, allow, advise, finish, miss, look forward to, feel like... 如：I suggest buying some juice. 我建议买些果汁。 Mum didn’t feel like walking. 妈妈不想走路。 · 动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接形容词补足语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。动词find，feel，make，think等常这样使用。 如：He found it hard to fall asleep. 他发现很难入睡。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．I plan ________ Days of Our Past tonight. A．to watch B．watch C．watching D．watched 2．She promised ________ her old friend during her stay in Guangzhou. A．see B．seeing C．saw D．to see 3．We suggested ________ a picnic this weekend. A．to have B．had C．has D．having 4．—Would you mind ________ me how to use this digital wallet app? —Of course not. Let me show you step by step. A．show B．showing C．to show D．showed 5．Many students find it hard ________ decisions on their own without parents’ help. A．making B．make C．to make D．made 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Andy was tired, so he decided (stay) at home. 2．Lisa and Betty like playing ping-pong, so they choose (join) the ping-pong club. 3．We should try (reduce) the use of electricity by turning off the lights. 4．Don’t forget (turn) off the lights before you leave the classroom. 5．I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 6．Mary remembered (turn) off the light when she left home. But it was on when she came back. 7．Please remember (invite) all your classmates to the meeting tomorrow. 8．We have worked for such a long time. Let’s stop (have) a rest. 9．Stop (worry) about the boy. He will be better soon. 10．The amazing scenery in Wuxi always makes it hard for any visitors (describe). (4) 动词不定式作定语 · 一些名词如way(方式), place(地方), ability(能力)，chance(机会),plan(计划), hope(希望),dream(梦想)等名词后常用不定时作定语 如：It’s a good way to relax. 这是放松的一个好方式。 Everyone is born with the ability to learn. 人人天生具有学习的能力。 · 当名词前有最高级，序数词，表唯一性的词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 如：Tu Youyou is the first female Chinese to win the Nobel Prize. 屠呦呦是第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。 He is the best person to do this job. 他是做这份工作的最佳人选。 · 不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，且常表示将来的动作，用途等。 如：I have much homework to do. 我有很多作业要写。 · 如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。 如：He needs a pen to write with. 他需要用一支钢笔写。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．The system has the ability ________ more than one program at the same time. A．to running B．running C．to run D．run 2．We live in an information age, so we have more chances ________ ourselves. A．to improve B．improve C．improved D．improves 3．Gagarin is the first astronaut ________ on the moon. A．step B．to step C．stepping D．steps 4．The best time ________ your teeth is ten minutes after meals. A．brush B．to brush C．brushes D．to brushing 5．—Why are you staying up late? —I have some work ______ tonight. A．finished B．finishing C．to finish D．finishes 补全句子 1．她是一个容易相处的人。 She is an easy person . 2．读书是提升词汇量的最佳方式。 Reading books is improve your vocabulary. 3．家不只是居住的地方，而是充满爱的地方。 Home is not a place just , but a place of love. 4．汤姆每天总是第一个来，最后一个走。 Tom is always the first , and the last every day. 5．经过几年的努力，她实现了成为一名厨师的梦想。 With great efforts in the past few years, she has achieved her dream to . (5) 动词不定式作主语 · 动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，这种用法较少使用 如：To review your notes is very important for this exam. 复习笔记对这次考试很重要。 · 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面，常见的句式有： It is +形容词+(of sb.)+to do sth. 表示“某人做某事是...样的”。此句型中形容词通常是像nice, kind, clever, good, right, wrong, careless...等修饰人的形容词，表示不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。 如：It’s so careless of you to make so many mistakes. 犯了这么多错误，你真是太粗心了。 It is +形容词+(for sb.)+to do sth. 表示“对于某人来说，做某事是...样的”。此句型中形容词通常是像hard, difficult, easy, important...等修饰事物的形容词，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。 如：It is difficult for him to finish the work alone.对他来说，独自完成这项工作很难。 It takes sb.+时间/努力...+to do sth. 表示“做某事需要某人...时间/努力...”。 如：It took us half an hour to get to the top. 到达顶部花了我们半个小时。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．It’s important ________ us ________ the environment. A．of; protect B．of; to protect C．for; protect D．for; to protect 2．It takes us three years ________ English. A．studying B．to study C．study D．studies 3．In winter, many people get the flu. It’s important to keep warm and _________ healthy food. A．to eating B．eats C．eating D．eat 4．It’s polite ________ us _________quiet while eating. A．for, to keep B．of, to keep C．for, keep D．of, keep 5．It’s exciting ________ new places and meet different people. A．discover B．to discover C．discovering D．discovered (6) 动词不定式作表语 · 主语是表示职业、职责或性质等的名词时，常用不定式作表语示主语的意图、目的或即将进行的动作。 如：Our task is to clean the classroom today. 我们的任务是今天打扫教室。 · 主语是表示目标、计划、打算、希望、决定、选择等的名词时，常用不定式作表语 如：Her dream is to become a doctor in the future.她的梦想是将来成为一名医生。 My plan is to learn English well this term.我的计划是这学期学好英语。 · 用在系动词seem/appear(好像，似乎)后。 如：He seems to be very happy today.他今天似乎很高兴。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．My dream is ________ different amazing places around the world. A．explore B．exploring C．to explore D．explored 2．Yesterday the children seemed ________ rope skipping very much at the party. A．enjoyed B．to enjoy C．enjoying D．enjoy 3．My dad’s job was ________ the broken bike for the little boy next door. A．fix B．to fix C．to fixing D．fixed 4．The rule is ________ students from fighting at school. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 5．—What’s your plan for this winter vacation? —My plan is _______ in the countryside. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．to walk (7) “疑问词+不定式”结构的用法 不定式可与what,how,where,when,which等疑问词连用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。 · 作主语 放在句首作主语，谓语动词用单数，为避免头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语。 如：How to get there is still unclear .= It is still unclear how to get there. 如何去那里还不清楚。 · 作宾语 放在及物动词后作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。常用动词有：know, learn, decide, tell, ask, show, forget, remember, understand, wonder等。 如：I don't know how to solve this problem.= I don't know how I can solve this problem. 我不知道如何解决这 个问题。 · 作表语 如：The question is how to get there on time.问题是如何按时到达那里。 · 作宾语补足语 如：The teacher told us how to solve the math problem.老师告诉我们如何解决这道数学题。 [随学随练] 补全句子 1．我不知道穿什么去参加我同学的生日派对。 I don’t know for my classmate’s birthday party. 2．他教我们如何计算出数学难题。 He teaches us how to difficult math problems. 3．你能告诉我们越秀哪里可以看龙舟赛吗？ Could you tell us the Dragon Boat Races in Yuexiu? 4．我们计划去上海，但还没决定何时出发。 We are planning to go to Shanghai, but we haven’t decided . 5．他最大的问题是如何克服他的羞怯。 His biggest problem is his shyness. (8) 一些特殊结构 · 不定式跟在but后(此时，but表示“除了...”)，前面有do的任何形式时，后面不定式省略to。若前面没有do，则不定式的to不省略。比如：在“have nothing to do but do... ”表示“除了...外，无事可做”结构中，but后的不定式省略to。在“have no choice but to do...”表示“除了...外，别无选择”结构中，but后的不定式不省略to。 如：She did nothing but cry when she heard the news.她听到这个消息时，除了哭她什么都没做。 We have no choice but to take a bus. 除了坐汽车，我们别无选择。 · had better (not) do “最好(不要)做某事”用于提建议 如：We had better not go out in the heavy rain. 下大雨你最好不要出去。 · prefer to do rather than do表示“宁愿做...而不愿做...”，第一个不定时to必须保留，rather than 后的不定式必须省略to。 如：I prefer to read books rather than watch TV in my free time.我空闲时宁愿看书，也不愿看电视。 · would rather do sth than do sth表示“宁愿做...而不愿做...”，would rather和than后都接不带to的不定式。 如：We would rather walk to school than take the bus. 我们宁愿步行上学，也不愿坐公交车。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．—It rained so heavily yesterday! I just stayed at home. —Me too. I had nothing to do but ______ stories about the rain with my cat by my side. A．write B．wrote C．to write D．writing 2．Tom shouted, “The apple is brown. I had better ________ it in the air.” A．don’t leave B．not leaving C．not leave D．not to leave 3．I prefer __________ a book rather than __________ TV in my free time. A．read; watch B．read; to watch C．to read; to watch D．to read; watch 4．Tom would rather _________ at home than _________ shopping with his mother. A．to stay; go B．stay; go C．staying; going D．to stay; to go 5．Because my bike broke down on the way to school, I had no choice but ________ my dad to drive me there. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay (2) His dream is ________ a famous chef, so he practices cooking every day after school. A．be B．to be C．being D．been (3) —Look! Can you see colourful kites ________ in the sky? —Sure. It is the best time ________ kites. A．fly; flying B．flying; to fly C．flying; flying D．fly; to fly (4) ________ the students in need, Jimmy often invites his classmates ________ money by selling old books. A．Help; raising B．To help; raise C．To help; to raise D．Helping; to raise (5) Many people learn to use new apps ________ their daily lives more convenient. A．make B．to make C．making D．made (6) Lily is very kind. She is always ready ________ us. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped (7) The box is ________ heavy for me ________ put it on the table. Who can help me? A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that D．enough; to (8) —Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching (9) I prefer ________ at home rather than ________ to the party. A．staying; go B．to stay; going C．staying; going D．to stay; go (10) I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A．to lock; locking B．locking; to lock C．to lock; to lock D．locking; locking (11) —There is no need to have my watch ______ because it is completely broken. —Maybe you will have no choice but ______ another one. A．repaired; to buy B．repair; buy C．repair; to buy D．repaired; buy (12) Mr. Li with his friends often ________ computers ________ ideas about painting. A．use; to share B．use; shares C．uses; share D．uses; to share (13) It’s so kind ________ you to allow me ________ by myself. A．for; making decisions B．of; to make decisions C．of; making decisions D．for; to make decisions (14) —Does your mother make you ________ housework every day? —No. In fact, I offer ________ the dishes every day. A．do; to do B．doing; to do C．do; doing D．to do; doing (15) He used to have a good time ________ computer games at weekends, but he has no time ________ that now. A．to play; doing B．to play; to do C．playing; doing D．playing; to do (16) I advised her ________so much time choosing what to wear every morning. A．to not spend B．not to spend C．not spend D．spend (17) —What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it (18) —Do you know how ________ the word “name”? —Yes. It begins with an “n”. A．spell B．spelling C．to spell D．to spelling (19) It’s important ________ us ________ the animals in danger. A．of; to protect B．of; protect C．for; to protect D．for; protect (20) I think ________ not difficult ________ English every day. A．that; keep reading B．it; to keep reading C．that; to keep reading D．it; keep reading 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) My parents advised me (not play) with wild dogs because they are dangerous. (2) Try (not think) too much about your problems, and things will be okay soon. (3) Jane doesn’t know how (plan) her travel to Beijing and has to ask C-trip for help. (4) Could you tell me where (get) some money? (5) It is a good idea (find) someone else to ask for help. (6) At 8:00, it’s time for us (start) the class. (7) Don’t forget (say) thanks when other people help you. (8) We were very lucky to manage (get) what we wanted. (9) A small child called Cao Chong thought of a creative way (weigh) the elephant. (10) The science exhibition in the city museum offers a good chance (explore) the world of science. (11) We should try our best (protect) the animals in danger. (12) We should do everything we can (protect) wildlife. (13) After some time, he was pleased (find) that the moon was in the bucket. (14) She feels excited (start) her new job. (15) Sometimes people say the resolutions may be too difficult (keep). (16) He is confident enough (finish) the task. (17) I remember (lock) the door when I left home, but now it’s open. (18) Taking notes in class is a good way to avoid (forget) important knowledge, boys. (19) I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. It was amazing! (20) Look, there are many students in the playground. I can see them (run). (21) In the park, we can often hear the birds (sing) happily. (22) Ms Lin lets the class (ask) questions about school and she answers them with a smile. (23) Henry decided (watch) the magic show instead of playing the guitar. (24) Every time I am down, my best friend encourages me (not lose) heart. (25) Nowadays, many teenagers seem (care) about what they look like more. 四、完成句子 (1) 我妈妈告诉我不要放弃。 My mother told give up. (2) 首先，一个男孩教他们如何设计和建造火箭。 First, a boy them and build rockets. (3) 我正在考虑今年冬天去哪里度假。 I am thinking about the holiday this winter. (4) 当你见到这些孤独的人的时候，会使你意识到你是多么地幸运啊。 When you meet these lonely people, it you how lucky you are. (5) 他努力练习让他的梦想实现。 He works hard to his dream . (6) 让我们八点钟在我家见面。 at 8 o’clock at my home. (7) 乐观面对生活对我们来说很重要。 for us the bright side of life. (8) 我花了一个小时才到达火车站。 It took me one hour the train station. (9) 我们经常轮流回答老师的问题。 We often the teacher’s questions. (10) 在这种情形下最好的沟通办法是什么呢？ What’s the best way this situation? (11) 对他们而言，厨房就是一个暖身及分享有趣故事的绝佳地点。 For them, the kitchen is a perfect place and share interesting stories. (12) 她说这门学科可以帮助我们开阔思维。 She says this subject can help us . (13) 我父母不允许我晚上 10 点以后出门。 My parents don’t after 10:00 p.m. (14) 为了成为一名更好的学习者，我们老师经常提醒我们要注意在课堂上记笔记。 better learners, our teacher often reminds us notes in class. (15) 腾飞已准备好明天开始他的新工作。 Teng Fei is his new job tomorrow. (16) 为了避免交通拥堵我们启程很早。 the bad traffic, we started our journey early. (17) 我们很高兴在海滩上看到美丽的日落。 We are the beautiful sunset on the beach. (18) 托尼太困了，以至于不能集中精力在学习上。 Tony is too sleepy his studies. (19) Amy足够有耐心，能成为一个优秀的老师。 Amy is an excellent teacher. (20) 我决定不接受这份工作，因为它离家太远了。 I the job because it’s too far from my home. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法填空 Students can’t bring mobile phones to school, but Gary often broke this rule. Gary’s parents were really worried about him and talked to him often. They asked him 1 (work) harder and he promised 2 (spend) more time on his schoolwork. Even so, Gary often got into trouble. One day, his Chinese teacher saw him 3 (play) games on his phone in class again and told him that if he broke the rule one more time, he would be punished (被惩罚). Gary went home and lay on the bed with his eyes open. He was lost in thought. His parents sent him to a nice school and he didn’t want to keep disappointing (使失望) them. He decided 4 (talk) to his best friend Susan about his problems because he knew it was time 5 (make) some changes in his life. Susan agreed 6 (come) over to his home the next day after school. After hearing about his problems, she advised Gary 7 (listen) to the teacher carefully in class and make a weekly study plan. What was more, she would like 8 (help) him with his homework so he could improve his grades. Gary thanked Susan for 9 (give) him such great advice. He said he didn’t want to keep making trouble in the future and he hoped 10 (become) an excellent student. 2. 翻译句子 (1) 那位向导教了我们如何制作机器人模型，但是他有点严肃。 (2) 为了看这场展览，我们提前 (in advance) 一周预订了门票。 (3) 这本书总使我记起一些重要的事情。(remember, important) (4) 能和你一起完成这个任务，是我的荣幸。 (5) 我希望长大后能拥有我自己的书店。 (6) 他决定给他的寄宿制家庭写一封感谢信。 (7) 花园是种花最好的地方。 (8) 使用思维导图是记忆事物的最佳方法之一。 (9) 我们惊讶地看到这么多人在泰山看日出(the sunrise)。 (10) 她太忙于她的舞蹈课而没有注意到时间。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $