期末复习阅读理解专题之说明文 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册（湖北专用）

新人教八上期末复习阅读理解专题之说明文 （Units1-8单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 假期生活 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 家庭生活 Unit 3 Same or Different? 人物之间对比 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 人与动植物 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 健康饮食 Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 自我规划 Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 未来 Unit 8 Let's Communicate! 沟通与交流 2025 湖北中考真题阅读理解A篇 Great trips for each season in Hubei! Spring In spring, the most popular activity is to enjoy flowers. Come to Wuhan University. There are nearly 200 cherry trees. When cherry blossoms (樱花) all come out in early spring, the university looks like a pink sea. You can walk along Cherry Blossom Avenue and admire old Chinese-style buildings. Besides, you can ride around the East Lake or visit the Yellow Crane Tower. Summer Shennongjia is known as “Natural Oxygen Bar”. It’s wonderful to visit in summer. The weather there is cooler than that in most areas of Hubei. Millions of people visit Shennongjia to get away from the summer heat. You can go hiking (徒步) in thick forests and breathe fresh air. If you’re lucky, you might meet golden monkeys! Autumn Suizhou is famous for the Ginkgo Valley (银杏谷). There are thousands of old ginkgo trees around the villages. When the leaves tum bright yellow in autumn, the valley looks like a beautiful painting. Visitors often take photos and collect the colorful leaves. You can also try green food at the villagers’ homes. Winter Xianning is great for a holiday in winter. It’s a green city with lots of mountains and hot springs. There is a big ski (滑雪) area at the top of a mountain. Skiing there can be very exciting! When you’re tired, lie back in a hot spring. You can relax, chatting and tasting the local tea. It brings full energy to every visitor. 16. Which of the following activities is the most popular in Wuhan in spring? A. Enjoying cherry blossoms. B. Seeing Chinese-style buildings. C. Running along the East Lake. D. Visiting the Yellow Crane Tower. 17. If a man likes cool weather and nature, where will he go in July? A. Wuhan. B. Xianning. C. Suizhou. D. Shennongjia. 18. Which season is the best to visit the Ginkgo Valley? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter. 19. What can visitors enjoy after skiing in Xianning in winter? A. Local green food. B. Hot springs and tea. C. A hike up the mountain. D. Wild plants and animals. 20. Where can you most probably read the passage? A. In a science report. B. In a food guide. C. In a travel magazine. D. In a geography textbook. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C 八年级英语上期末复习阅读理解说明文解题技能（湖北适用） 同学们，期末复习阶段，说明文阅读是我们的重点题型之一。今天我们就结合2025年湖北中考的这篇“湖北四季好去处”的说明文，一起总结这类文章的阅读技巧，帮大家轻松应对考试！ 一、先认清楚：这篇文章为啥是说明文？ 说明文的核心是“说明事物、介绍信息”，通常会有清晰的结构和明确的说明对象。就像这篇文章，主题是“湖北四季的特色旅行地”，分别按春、夏、秋、冬四个季节展开，每个季节介绍对应的地点、特色活动和优势，目的是给读者提供实用的旅行信息——这就是典型的“介绍类说明文”。 我们做题前先判断文体，能帮我们更快抓住阅读重点：说明文的关键是“找信息、理逻辑”，不用像记叙文那样纠结情节和情感哦！ 二、核心技能1：快速找“说明对象+核心信息”（对应第20题） 说明文的开头或标题往往会直接点明说明对象。这篇文章的标题“Great trips for each season in Hubei!”就直接告诉我们：说明对象是“湖北四季的旅行推荐”，核心信息是“季节+地点+特色活动”。 ▶ 解题应用（第20题）：题目问“最可能在哪里读到这篇文章？” 我们根据说明对象“旅行推荐”，结合选项判断：A是科学报告（讲科学知识）、B是美食指南（只讲食物）、C是旅行杂志（推旅行地，匹配）、D是地理课本（讲地理知识，不侧重旅行）。所以答案选C。 ▶ 技巧总结：读说明文先看标题和首尾段，圈出“说明对象”（比如“湖北四季旅行地”“樱花”“银杏谷”），再快速浏览全文，梳理出“核心信息框架”（这篇是“季节→地点→特色”），后续做题会更高效。 三、核心技能2：细节定位法（对应16、17、18、19题） 说明文阅读的大部分题目是“细节题”，就像这篇的16-19题，答案都能在原文中直接找到，关键是“精准定位”，步骤如下： 第一步：划题干关键词（找“定位线索”） 关键词可以是“地点、时间、活动、题干问题核心”，比如： - 第16题：关键词“Wuhan in spring”“most popular activity” - 第17题：关键词“cool weather and nature”“July（夏天）” - 第18题：关键词“Ginkgo Valley”“best season” - 第19题：关键词“skiing in Xianning in winter”“after” 第二步：回原文找关键词对应段落/句子 这篇文章按季节分段，定位会更简单： - 第16题“spring”“Wuhan”→ 直接找“Spring”部分，找到“Wuhan University”相关内容； - 第17题“July（夏天）”“cool weather”→ 找“Summer”部分； - 第18题“Ginkgo Valley”→ 找“Autumn”部分（原文明确提Suizhou的Ginkgo Valley）； - 第19题“Xianning in winter”→ 找“Winter”部分。 第三步：比对原文与选项，排除错误答案 ▶ 举例1（第16题）： 原文Spring部分：“In spring, the most popular activity is to enjoy flowers. Come to Wuhan University. There are nearly 200 cherry trees.” 可知“武汉春天最受欢迎的是赏樱花”。 选项A是“Enjoying cherry blossoms”（赏樱花），直接匹配；B、D是“除此之外”的活动，不是最受欢迎的；C“Running”原文是“ride around”（骑车），错误。所以选A。 ▶ 举例2（第17题）： 题干“July（夏天）”“cool weather”，原文Summer部分：“Shennongjia... It’s wonderful to visit in summer. The weather there is cooler than that in most areas of Hubei.” 直接对应Shennongjia，选D。 ▶ 技巧总结：细节题“三步走”——划关键词→找原文对应处→比对选项（注意：错误选项常是“偷换词”，比如把“ride”改成“run”；或“混淆信息”，比如把A地的特色安到B地）。 四、核心技能3：抓“逻辑信号词”，理清说明顺序 说明文常用“时间顺序、空间顺序、分类顺序”，这篇用的是“分类顺序（按季节分类）”，文中有明显的信号词：Spring、Summer、Autumn、Winter，帮我们快速划分段落结构。除此之外，常见的逻辑信号词还有： - 表“递进/补充”：besides（除此之外，如Spring部分的“Besides, you can ride...”）、also（也）； - 表“因果”：because、so； - 表“举例”：for example、such as。 这些信号词能帮我们快速找到“额外信息”“核心信息的补充”，比如第16题排除B、D，就是因为它们是“besides”后的补充活动，不是最核心的。 五、总结：说明文阅读“四步走” 1. 看标题/首尾段，确定“说明对象”和“核心目的”（是介绍信息、推荐事物还是解释原理）； 2. 快速浏览全文，找“逻辑信号词”，梳理说明顺序（如分类、时间），搭建信息框架； 3. 做细节题时，按“划关键词→定位原文→比对选项”解题； 4. 做主旨/出处题时，结合说明对象和核心目的判断。 主题01人与社会---社会文化现象与跨文化交流 Passage1 Drinking a cup of milk tea with friends? That’s “city”. Visiting the Great Wall of China? Not “city”. Riding a bike or taking a walk down Shanghai’s Anfu Road? Quite “city”. If you don’t get it, let me tell you. “City bu city?” is a really hot topic in China now. You can use it to describe (描述) whether someone, or something is urban and modern or not. “City bu city?” was first used by Shanghai-based American blogger Paul Mike Ashton. His name on the Internet is “Bao Bao Xiong”. He likes sharing his travel in China on Douyin and Xiaohongshu. Ashton became popular after he shared a video of his asking his sister “City bu city?” on the Great Wall. The word “city” itself has now taken on a new meaning as an adjective (形容词). Ashton himself says that it describes something that happens in the city, but it can also be “something that gives you a great love for life”. These years, a number of foreign visitors like Ashton share their travel in China online. Topics about travel in China are becoming more and more popular. Now people around the world can learn more about China. ()1. Which of the following is “NOT ‘city’”? A．Visiting the Great Wall of China. B．Taking a walk in the city of Chengdu. C．Riding a bike down Shanghai’s Anfu Road. D．Drinking a cup of milk tea in Zhongshan Road. ()2. What does the underlined word “urban” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in English? A．Popular and cool. B．New and expensive. C．About sports or health. D．About travel or traffic. ()3. Who first used “City bu city?”? A．A Chinese blogger. B．A Japanese visitor. C．An American blogger. D．A Chinese singer. ()4. What can we know from the text? A．Ashton became popular after he traveled in China. B．Many foreign visitors sell their things in China online. C．The word “city” now has a new meaning as an adjective. D．“City bu city?” describes whether someone lives in the city or not. ()5. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Ashton often shares his travel in China. B．“City bu city?” is popular with foreign visitors. C．China is more and more popular with young travelers. D．People around the world can know more about China. 答案：1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 解析：导语 本文介绍了当下中国网络热梗 “City 不 City”，它用于描述人或事物有无都市现代感，由上海美国博主 “保保熊” 首创，其 “city” 作为形容词有新内涵，既指城市发生之事，也可表让人热爱生活之物，如今外国游客分享中国旅行经历使相关话题走红，助世界更了解中国。 【小题 1】细节理解题。根据 “Visiting the Great Wall of China? Not ‘city’.” 可知，参观中国的长城是 “不‘city’”。故选 A。 【小题 2】词句猜测题。根据 “You can use it to describe (描述) whether someone, or something is urban and modern or not.” 可知，你可以用它来描述某人或某物是否是城市和现代的，“urban” 与 “modern（现代）” 并列，且 “city” 一词被赋予新含义，指代时尚、潮流的生活方式，选项 A“popular and cool（流行和酷）” 最符合此意。故选 A。 【小题 3】细节理解题。根据 “‘City bu city?’ was first used by Shanghai-based American blogger Paul Mike Ashton.” 可知，“City 不 city?” 最早是由上海的美国博主保罗・迈克・阿什顿使用的。故选 C。 【小题 4】细节理解题。根据 “The word ‘city’ itself has now taken on a new meaning as an adjective (形容词).” 可知，“city” 这个词本身现在作为形容词有了新的含义。故选 C。 【小题 5】主旨大意题。根据 “These years, a number of foreign visitors like Ashton share their travel in China online. Topics about travel in China are becoming more and more popular. Now people around the world can learn more about China.” 可知，许多外国游客分享中国旅行，使世界各地的人们能更多了解中国。选项 D “世界各地的人们可以更多地了解中国” 是段落主旨。故选 D。 主题02人与自我---个人生活技能、自我管理与独立生活能力培养 Passage2 In the age of the internet, do young people still need to spend time learning some everyday life skills? To find the answer, we did a survey among 1,000 young people. Q:  ▲ Q: What life skills do you want to learn? Q: Why do you spend time learning life skills? Li: We live and learn. It’s fun to learn something new. Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life. Su: Learning something new is exciting. It is also a good way to relax. 1. Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ “? A．Should children take the internet seriously? B．Is it important for young people to learn life skills? C．Does the internet play an important role in your life? D．Is it useless for young people to learn life skills? 2. How many young people want to learn how to shop for food? A．408. B．339. C．318. D．452. 3. What are the top three most popular life skills? A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①③⑤ D．②③④ 4. Why does Wang want to learn life skills? A．To have fun. B．To relax. C．To live independently. D．To help parents. 5. What can we learn from the survey? A．Su dislikes doing housework. B．More than 400 people want to learn first aid. C．Over 90% think young people should learn life skills. D．Li doesn’t want to learn anything new. 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.C 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项关于年轻人是否还需要学习日常生活技能的调查。 【小题 1】 推理判断题。根据 “Yes. Some of them are useful. We should make ourselves better.” 及 “No. The young don’t need them.” 可知，空处应该是一般疑问句，且与年轻人学习某种技能是否有用有关。故选 B。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据 “shopping for food...31.8%” 及 “To find the answer, we did a survey among 1,000 young people.” 可知，1000 名年轻人中，有 31.8% 的人想要学习购买食物，人数是 318。故选 C。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据 “tidying and organizing (收纳)...46.2%”、“cooking...45.2%” 及 “doing housework...40.8%” 可知，最受欢迎的三大生活技能是整理和收纳、做饭及做家务。故选 A。 【小题 4】 细节理解题。根据 “Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life.” 可知，Wang 说不想一直向父母求助，因此他想要独立生活。故选 C。 【小题 5】 细节理解题。根据图表可知，有 92.9% 的人认为年轻人应该学习生活技能，选项 C“超过 90% 的人认为年轻人应该学习生活技能。” 表述正确。故选 C。 主题03人与社会---社会交往与沟通 Passage3 Now many people like to find dazi (搭子) on Xiaohongshu or Weibo. Finding dazi is a new way of social communication (社交) for young people. Why does this activity get popular? It is easy to understand. It helps people to find someone with the same hobby (兴趣) as them, and it doesn’t take much time. With one or a few dazi, people have more fun in the activities they are interested in. A girl called Ge Jinyuan is a high school student from Shandong. She likes talking with her meal dazi when she is having lunch. “We love to share our ideas on the food,” said the girl. “If my meal dazi doesn't come to school one day, I will feel bad.” “It takes a lot of time to make friends with others. But it doesn’t need much time to have a dazi,” said another girl, Shi Zhimin, a student from Shanxi. Ge Jinyuan also has the same idea. She doesn’t want to spend too much time making friends, so having a dazi is good for her. She can feel relaxed and then has more time to study. Also, ▲. “Once, my game dazi and I did something wrong when playing the game Eggy Party, but we worked together to turn the tide (扭转局势). By playing the game together, I find I like working with others now!” Shi Zhimin said. Dazi is usually good, but it can be dangerous. People may lie (说谎) on the Internet. So be careful when finding dazi. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What does the underlined part refer to (指的是)? A．To find dazi on Xiaohongshu or Weibo. B．To share your hobby with other people. C．To learn a new way of social communication. D．To understand how to communicate with others. 2. How will Ge Jinyuan feel if her meal dazi doesn’t come to school? A．Surprised. B．Angry. C．Unhappy. D．Relaxed. 3. Which sentence can be put in the place“▲” in Paragraph 5? A．dazi sometimes may play games better than you B．dazi sometimes may give you some big surprises C．dazi sometimes may have different ideas in life D．dazi sometimes may ask you to talk with others 4. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of this passage? (①=Para.(段落) l        ②= Para.2…) A． B． C． D． 5. What’s the best title of the passage? A．How to find your best dazi B．Dazi: a dangerous way to make friends C．Having a dazi: more hobbies, more time D．Dazi: a new way of social communication 答案：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 解析：【导语】 本文主要介绍了现在很多年轻人喜欢在小红书或微博上寻找 “搭子”，解释了这种新型社交方式流行的原因、特点以及人们的看法。 【小题 1】 词句猜测题。根据 “Why does this activity get popular?” 以及 “Now many people like to find dazi (搭子) on Xiaohongshu or Weibo.” 可知，文章开头提到人们热衷于 “找搭子”，紧接着便探讨 “这一活动” 为何流行。因此，“this activity” 指代的就是前文段提到的 “To find dazi on Xiaohongshu or Weibo”。故选 A。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据 “If my meal dazi doesn’t come to school one day, I will feel bad.” 可知，如果饭搭子不来学校，葛金元会感觉不好。在选项中，故选 C。 【小题 3】 推理判断题。根据 “‘Once, my game dazi and I did something wrong when playing the game Eggy Party, but we worked together to turn the tide (扭转局势).’” 可知，这名学生讲述了自己和游戏搭子即使犯错也能共同克服困难、扭转局势的经历。这说明搭子有时能带来意想不到的惊喜或帮助。B 选项 “搭子有时可能会给你一些大大的惊喜” 可以作为这一事例的总结或引言，符合语境。故选 B。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出 “搭子” 这一话题；第二段分析其流行的原因；第三至五段列举了葛金元、石志民的具体事例进行佐证，这三段属于并列的举例部分；第六段对全文进行总结并提出建议。文章呈现 “引出话题 — 分析原因 — 举例说明 — 总结建议” 的脉络。故选 C。 【小题 5】 最佳标题题。文章开篇介绍了 “搭子” 这一概念，随后详细阐述了它为何流行、具体案例（饭搭子、游戏搭子）以及它的利弊。全文围绕 “搭子” 这种新型社交方式展开。D 选项 “搭子：一种新的社交方式” 最适合做文章的标题。故选 D。 主题04人与自然--自然生态与环境保护；气候变化与生态平衡 Passage4 The Amazon Rainforest (亚马逊雨林) is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon Rainforest covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon Rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years. Why is the Amazon “sick”? The Amazon Rainforest is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit (侵袭) the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities have made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. _____________ The Amazon Rainforest is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there take CO₂ out of the air and make oxygen (氧气). They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon Rainforest “dies”, there will be more CO₂, and our earth will become even hotter. The Amazon Rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. ()1. Where is the Amazon Rainforest? A．North America. B．South America. C．Europe. D．Africa. ()2. Which of the following are the reasons for the Amazon Rainforest being “sick”? ① No sunshine.   ② Human activities.     ③ Too much rain.     ④ Climate change. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ ()3. What does the underlined word “droughts” mean? A．暴雨 B．龙卷风 C．干旱 D．寒潮 ()4. Choose the best sentence to fill in the _______ in the passage. A．Where is the Amazon Rainforest? B．Who lives in the Amazon Rainforest? C．How can we protect the Amazon Rainforest? D．What will happen if we lose the Amazon Rainforest? ()5. Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell readers about the history of the Amazon River. B．To call on readers to protect the Amazon Rainforest. C．To advise people to visit the Amazon Rainforest. D．To introduce how many animals live in the Amazon Rainforest. 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.B 解析：导语 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊雨林的地理位置、重要性以及其面临的威胁，包括气候变化和人类活动导致的破坏。 【小题 1】 题型：细节理解题解析：根据 “It is in South America.” 可知，亚马逊雨林位于南美洲。答案：故选 B。 【小题 2】 题型：细节理解题解析：根据 “They were caused by climate change.” 和 “Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood.” 可知，亚马逊雨林 “生病” 的原因是气候变化和人类活动。选项②和④符合原文。答案：故选 C。 【小题 3】 题型：词句猜测题解析：根据 “The trees don’t have enough water to grow.” 可知，树木缺水，因此 “droughts” 意为 “干旱”。答案：故选 C。 【小题 4】 题型：推理判断题解析：空缺处后文提到 “亚马逊雨林是地球的肺，吸收二氧化碳并制造氧气”，并描述了其消失的后果，因此最佳填入的句子是 “如果我们失去亚马逊雨林会发生什么？”。答案：故选 D。 【小题 5】 题型：推理判断题解析：全文通过介绍亚马逊雨林的现状、威胁及其重要性，呼吁人们保护雨林。答案：故选 B。 主题05人与社会---传统文化与民俗风情（饮食文化） Passage5  Hot dry noodles are a traditional food of Wuhan, Hubei Province. They have a history of about 100 years in Chinese food culture. They are a kind of typical food in Wuhan, and are often sold in streets in other cities. Hot dry noodles can be served from 5 a.m. until midnight in Wuhan. It is said that in the early 1930s, there was a man named Li Bao, who made a living by selling noodles and noodle soup in Hankou. One day, he accidentally put some oil into his noodles. The next day, he boiled the noodles and added other condiments (调味料). His noodles soon became very popular because they were very delicious. Many people asked Li Bao what kind of noodles they were, and Li Bao said they were hot dry noodles. The recipe of hot dry noodles is different from cold noodles or noodles with soup. First, you should mix the cooked noodles with oil and dry them. When you are about to eat them, put the prepared noodles in boiled water for a while and then take them out. After that, you can enjoy the delicious noodles. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. How long can hot dry noodles be served at most in Wuhan every day? A．For 24 hours. B．For 19 hours. C．For 8 hours. D．For 6 hours. 2. What does the underlined word “recipe” mean in Chinese? A．医生处方 B．奇异香味 C．制作原因 D．烹饪方法 3. What can’t we know from the second paragraph? A．When hot dry noodles appeared. B．The price of hot dry noodles. C．How hot dry noodles were made. D．Who created hot dry noodles. 4. What can we know from the text? A．Making hot dry noodles doesn’t need water. B．Hot dry noodles have a history of over 200 years. C．Li Bao’s wife first made hot dry noodles popular. D．The cooked noodles should be mixed with oil to make hot dry noodles. 5. What’s the best title for this text? A．The traditional food—Wuhan hot dry noodles B．The importance of hot dry noodles C．The reason why people like hot dry noodles D．The way of cooking hot dry noodles 答案：1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 解析:【导语】 本文介绍了武汉热干面的历史、起源传说、售卖时长、独特制作方法。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据 “Hot dry noodles can be served from 5 a.m. until midnight in Wuhan.” 可知，武汉热干面从早上 5 点供应到午夜，时长为 19 个小时，故选 B。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据 “The recipe of hot dry noodles is different from cold noodles or noodles with soup. First, you should mix the cooked noodles with oil and dry them...” 可知，后面介绍的是热干面的具体制作步骤，所以该词指 “烹饪方法”，故选 D。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据第二段 “in the early 1930s”“a man named Li Bao”“accidentally put some oil into his noodles...added other condiments” 可知，能了解到热干面出现的时间、发明者和制作由来，没有提及价格，故选 B。 【小题 4】 细节理解题。根据 “First, you should mix the cooked noodles with oil and dry them.” 可知，制作热干面需要把煮熟的面条拌上油，D 选项表述正确，故选 D。 【小题 5】 最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章围绕武汉热干面的历史、起源、制作方法展开介绍，是对这一传统美食的全面说明，A 选项最能概括全文主旨，故选 A。 主题06人与自我---生活与学习---职业规划与个人发展 Passage6  Today, it is a big problem for young people to get fine jobs after they leave universities. There are different kinds of jobs in the world. But how should young people choose the right one? That often worries them. “Finding a job” is not the same as “choosing a job”. Many young people can’t get right jobs. Here are a few steps to help you think about jobs which you might enjoy doing after you leave school or university. First, it is important to know what kind of person you are, what special qualities (特质) you have and what you are interested in. There is a difference between an interest and a skill. If you like art and enjoy looking at pictures, that is an interest. But if you can draw a horse and it looks like a horse not a big dog, that is a skill. Then ask yourself a question, “Of the following three skills—skill with people, skill with information and skill with things, which is my best skill?” After finding out your best skill, the next step is to study carefully. To find out as many different kinds of jobs as possible, go to the library and read books, magazines and newspapers for information. Ask your friends what they think of the work they do. The last step is to trust your own ideas and your own thinking. It is your own life. Just find the job you really enjoy doing. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What does the underlined word “one” refer to? A．School. B．University. C．Problem. D．Job. 2. Paragraph (段落) One tells us that it’s ________ to choose a right job. A．easy B．hard C．necessary D．different 3. Which of the following can be a skill according to the passage? A．You are good at writing stories. B．You enjoy listening to music. C．You plan to run every morning. D．You choose your favorite books. 4. What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. What’s the purpose (意图) of this passage? A．To tell people how to choose a right job. B．To describe the problems of getting fine jobs. C．To show the steps of finding out your best skills. D．To explain why choosing fine jobs worries people. 答案：1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了年轻人在离开大学后如何选择合适的工作，文章给出了具体的步骤和建议来帮助年轻人找到自己真正喜欢的工作。 【小题 1】 词句猜测题。根据第一段 “But how should young people choose the right one? That often worries them.” 以及第二段 “‘Finding a job’ is not the same as ‘choosing a job’. Many young people can’t get right jobs.” 可知，年轻人面临如何选择合适的工作的问题，这里的 “one” 指代前面提到的 “job”。故选 D。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据第一段 “But how should young people choose the right one? That often worries them.” 可知，选择合适的工作对年轻人来说是一件困难的事，这让他们很担忧。故选 B。 【小题 3】 推理判断题。根据第三段 “There is a difference between an interest and a skill. If you like art and enjoy looking at pictures, that is an interest. But if you can draw a horse and it looks like a horse not a big dog, that is a skill.” 可知，技能是指能够实际做出来的能力，而不是单纯的喜欢。选项 A “你擅长写故事” 属于技能。故选 A。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。文章第一段提出年轻人选择合适工作的问题；第二段指出 “找工作” 和 “选工作” 的不同，并引出下文步骤；第三至六段分别介绍了选择合适工作的具体步骤，包括了解自己、确定最佳技能、仔细研究和相信自己。因此文章结构为总分结构，第一段第二段为总述，第三至六段为分述。选项 C 的结构图符合文章结构。故选 C。 【小题 5】 主旨大意题。根据第二段 “Here are a few steps to help you think about jobs which you might enjoy doing after you leave school or university.” 以及全文内容可知，文章主要目的是告诉人们如何选择合适的工作。故选 A。 主题07人与自然---宇宙与科技探索 Passage7  What will our lives be like in 50 years? They will be different from our lives today. In the future, I think we will live on Mars. Here is what life will be like there. First of all, transport should be much better. Now, our spaceships (宇宙飞船) are too slow to take lots of people to space—it takes months. However, in the future, it will take us two or three days to get to Mars by spaceship! Secondly, human beings need food, water and air to live. Scientists will be able to make plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce (产生) the food and air we need. However, can these plants give water to us? There is no answer now. There is a problem for us. Mars pulls us much less than the earth does. This will not be secure because we can easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To stop this, humans on Mars need to wear special shoes. They can help people become heavy. Life on Mars makes people have more free time. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we will have more time for our hobbies. However, life on Mars may not be better than that on earth today. Food will look like medicine and will not be as delicious as it is today. 1. How will the future spaceship change? A．It will become more beautiful. B．It will be too expensive. C．It will take people to any planet. D．It will become much faster. 2. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ________. A．the air on Mars will be fresher B．there will be no water on Mars C．scientists will produce food on Mars D．the plants on Mars will be important 3. What does the underlined word “secure” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Safe. B．Dangerous. C．Clean. D．Dirty. 4. Which of the following will people need to wear on Mars? A． B． C． D． 5. Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Life on Mars B．The Dreams of Humans C．The Future of the Earth D．The Problems on the Earth 答案：1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要对 50 年后人类可能在火星上的生活进行了预测和想象，涉及交通、食物、重力、工作休闲等多个方面。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据文章第 2 段 “Now...it takes months” 与 “in the future, it will take us two or three days to get to Mars by spaceship” 对比可知，未来的宇宙飞船将会变得快得多。故选 D。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据文章第 3 段 “Scientists will be able to make plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food and air we need.” 可知，科学家将能在火星上种植植物来生产食物和空气。因此，火星上的植物会很重要。故选 D。 【小题 3】 词句猜测题。根据文章第 4 段划线词 “secure” 所在的句子 “we can easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space” 可知，由于火星引力小，人们容易跳太高并飘走，所以这种情况是 not be secure “不安全的”。故选 A。 【小题 4】 细节理解题。根据文章第 4 段 “To stop this, humans on Mars need to wear special shoes. They can help people become heavy.” 可知，在火星上人们需要穿特殊的鞋子来增加重量以防飘走。故选 B。 【小题 5】 最佳标题题。全文围绕 “50 年后的火星生活会是什么样” 展开，详细描述了交通、食物生产、重力问题、休闲生活等方面的预测，因此 “火星上的生活” 是最佳标题。故选 A。 主题08人与社会---社会交往与沟通 Passage8 “How was your weekend?” “Did you see the game on TV last night?” “Isn’t the weather beautiful today?” These questions and the answers to them are examples of “small talk”—the short, friendly conversation that people have with friends and partners. Some people don’t want to make small talk at work. They think they shouldn’t talk about things that have nothing to do with their job, or their partners will think they aren’t serious about their work. And others might not enjoy small talk about themselves. But small talk is important. It can help you a lot. It shows you’ re friendly and care about your partners. You become a better team member. If not, others might feel uncomfortable around you and think you’re unfriendly. Peter Harper, a manager at the Apex Company in the USA, says, “We always look for friendly workers who know how to talk with each other and our customers.” Here is some advice for successful small talk. You can talk about the weather, news, hobbies, TV programs and famous people like movie stars, singers, etc. You can also share something about your family such as birthday parties and other family events, but don’t share very personal information like family problems. Remember not to talk about money, age and so on. Listening is an important part of small talk. Listen carefully to others and ask questions. Don’t just talk about yourself. And remember to smile. Making small talk takes practice. The more you do it, the better you’ll be at making small talk! 1. The writer starts the passage with some examples to ________. A．give his opinion B．answer the topic C．introduce the topic D．answer some questions 2. What’s Para. 2 mainly about? A．Why some people don’t make small talk. B．How to start small talk. C．Why some people don’t believe their parents. D．How to be serious about work. 3. What Peter Harper said shows ________. A．most customers don’t like small talk B．good listeners don’t need to ask questions C．Small talk helps you to be a good worker D．you can practise small talk with customers 4. According to the passage, which of the following is OK for small talk? A．“How old are you?” B．“Who’s your favourite actor?” C．“Why did your parents fight yesterday?” D．“How much money do you make each month?” 5. What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 答案：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 解析：【导语】 本文主要介绍了工作时闲聊的重要性以及相关的建议。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据第一段 “These questions and the answers to them are examples of ‘small talk’ —the short, friendly conversation that people have with friends and partners.” 可知，作者在文章开头举了一些例子来引入话题。故选 C。 【小题 2】 主旨大意题。根据第二段 “Some people don’t want to make small talk at work.” 并通读本段可知，第二段主要讲述了为什么有些人不闲聊。故选 A。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据第三段 “We always look for friendly workers who know how to talk with each other and our customers.” 可知，闲聊有助于你成为一名好员工。故选 C。 【小题 4】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “don’t share very personal information like family problems. Remember not to talk about money, age and so on.” 可知，不要分享家庭问题等非常私人的信息，记住不要谈论金钱、年龄等，结合选项可知，B 项 “你最喜欢的演员是谁？” 符合。故选 B。 【小题 5】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，根据第一段引入话题；第二段讲述了为什么有些人不闲聊；第三段介绍了闲聊的重要性；第四、五段介绍了闲聊的技巧；选项 A 结构图符合题意。故选 A。 主题01人与自然---自然生态、生物多样性与环境保护 Passage1 ①Nature is amazing! Look closely at the world of insects, and you will find many interesting facts. Let’s take butterflies as an example. They have beautiful, colorful wings and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. ②But do you know how a butterfly grows? It is one of the most fantastic wonders (奇观) of nature. First, a butterfly lays (产卵) a small colorful egg on a leaf of a plant. ③It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life begins. The caterpillar can eat, walk, and see. But it is still not a butterfly. ④After the caterpillar grows big, it makes a cover to protect itself. It stays inside this soft cover and goes to sleep. We call it the “pupa” stage (成蛹阶段). ⑤After some days, the cover breaks open. A wet and weak (脆弱的) butterfly comes out. It has six legs, a mouth, eyes, and wings. Soon, the wings become dry and strong. The beautiful butterfly spreads (伸展) its wings and flies away. A few weeks later, this butterfly lays her eggs, and the life cycle starts again. ⑥This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. ()1. What can we know about butterflies from Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insects. B．Butterflies are very common in winter. C．Butterflies have white wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. ()2. What does the underlined word caterpillar in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．虫卵 B．幼虫 C．蛹 D．蝴蝶 ()3. What is the right order of the growth of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa.                                        ②It becomes a walking insect. ③A butterfly lays an egg.                                 ④It spreads wings and flies away. A．①②③④ B．①②④③ C．③②①④ D．③②④① ()4. Why does the writer write the last paragraph? A．To describe another wonder of nature B．To ask people to watch butterflies more C．To end the story of the butterfly’s life D．To encourage readers to explore more in nature ()5. What is the best title for the text? A．One insect, different colors B．One insect, four lives C．The kinds of butterflies D．The habits of butterflies 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.B 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要以蝴蝶为例，介绍了其从产卵、变为幼虫、成蛹到展翅飞走的完整生命周期，展现了自然界的奇观并鼓励读者探索自然。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据 “Nature is amazing! Look closely at the world of insects, and you will find many interesting facts. Let’s take butterflies as an example.” 可知，蝴蝶是一种昆虫。故选 A。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据 “It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life begins. The caterpillar can eat, walk, and see. But it is still not a butterfly.” 以及后文提到的 “成蛹阶段” 可知，蝴蝶产卵后会变成能爬、能吃、能看但还不是蝴蝶的幼虫，因此 “caterpillar” 意为 “幼虫”。故选 B。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据文章描述：“First, a butterfly lays (产卵) a small colorful egg on a leaf of a plant.”（③蝴蝶产卵）→ “It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar.”（②变成会爬的昆虫）→ “After the caterpillar grows big, it makes a cover to protect itself... We call it the ‘pupa’ stage (成蛹阶段).”（①变成蛹）→ “The beautiful butterfly spreads (伸展) its wings and flies away.”（④展翅飞走）可知，蝴蝶生长的正确顺序是③②①④。故选 C。 【小题 4】 推理判断题。根据 “This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.” 可知，作者在最后一段提到这只是自然界奇观的一个例子，呼吁人们观察自然世界，因此目的是鼓励读者探索更多自然界的奥秘。故选 D。 【小题 5】 最佳标题题。根据文章内容，蝴蝶的生命周期依次经历 “卵→幼虫→蛹→成虫” 四个阶段，每个阶段形态完全不同，如同四种不同的生命形态，因此 “一种昆虫，四种生命” 最适合作为文章标题。故选 B。 主题02人与自我---健康与安全 Passage2 In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about how to keep themselves safe. What are the accidents at school? Let’s take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in crowded places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around. When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. It will protect you from falling things. If you are outside, find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines. When there’s a fire, leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe （呼吸） in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them cough and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air. ()1. How does the writer begin the topic? A．By using an example. B．By telling a story C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers ()2. The underlined word “stampede” means ________ in Chinese. A．踩踏 B．瘟疫 C．干旱 D．溺水 ()3. Why should people get under a desk quickly in an earthquake? A．Because it will make people breathe. B．Because it will protect people’s heads. C．Because it will help people to run away. D．Because it will protect people from falling things. ()4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．When there’s a fire, don’t leave the classroom quickly. B．Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. C．It’s better to put something dry over your mouth and nose in a fire. D．When you want to get out of a fire, you shouldn’t make yourself close to the floor. ()5. What’s the best title for this passage? A．Health Care. B．English Learning. C．Cooking Courses. D．Safety Education. 答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，围绕中国学校安全教育展开，介绍了 3 月最后一个周为学校安全教育日，重点说明了校园主要事故及对应的安全防护方法。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据第一段 “What are the accidents at school? Let’s take a look.” 可知，作者通过提出问题开启话题。故选 C。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据后文 “happens in crowded places”，“students around you begin to push”，“fall down in the crowd” 等描述，“stampede” 发生在拥挤场所，人群推挤或摔倒，可推测 “stampede” 指的是 “踩踏” 事故。故选 A。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. It will protect you from falling things.” 可知，地震时躲到桌子底下是为了防止被掉落的东西砸到。故选 D。 【小题 4】 细节理解题。根据第五段 “Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke.” 可知，许多人死于火灾，不是因为火灾，而是因为烟雾，选项 B 表述正确。故选 B。 【小题 5】 最佳标题题。文章开篇点明安全教育的重要性，随后介绍校园主要事故及防护措施，核心围绕 “安全教育” 展开，选项 D 最适合作为标题。故选 D。 主题03人与自我---生活与学习---家庭生活与生活技能培养 Passage3 Don’t let your kids drag their feet (拖拖拉拉) over doing housework. Help them to make the boring housework enjoyable. Work as a team. A simple and great way to make cleaning fun is to do it together. Play some beautiful music while you are doing housework. Then you won’t feel bored. Get lucky. If your kids like surprises, write housework on ice cream and have each kid pick one. Tell them they can change their picks if each of them agrees. In this way, they will have a feeling of making a choice. Make it playtime. Turn “kitchen time” into a party. Let one child be a cook and another be a DJ. The cook chooses to help make dinner. The DJ chooses the music to play. Everyone can dance around the kitchen while preparing dinner or cleaning up the kitchen later. Find more difficult housework. One of my friends was trying to get her kids to help out around the house, and someone advised her to give the kids some things like candies or toys as rewards. The advice worked like magic. However, rewards usually don’t work for long because kids will be bored with doing the same housework all the time. At this time, give them some difficult housework. If they can already help clean the cage (笼子) of the pet well, make it harder by having them clean the cage all by themselves. Then, ask them to clean it faster. ()1. What is Paragraph 2 about? A．Doing housework with kids. B．Showing your kids good ways of doing housework. C．Playing for a while after finishing the housework. D．Making housework a part of kids’ daily routine. ()2. The underlined word “rewards” is similar to “____________”. A．trips B．advice C．gifts D．ideas ()3. Which is a great way to make kids do housework actively (积极地)? A．Telling them the importance of doing housework. B．Asking them to do difficult housework all the time. C．Letting them eat ice cream whenever they want. D．Turning “kitchen time” into “party time”. ()4. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． ()5. In which part of a newspaper may we read this passage? A．Famous People. B．Parenting Science. C．World’s Culture. D．Short Stories. 答案：1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.B 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过有趣的方式让孩子积极参与家务劳动，并提出了几种具体的方法。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Work as a team. A simple and great way to make cleaning fun is to do it together.” 可知，该段主要讲和孩子一起做家务。故选 A。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据第五段 “someone advised her to give the kids some things like candies or toys as rewards” 可知，“rewards” 对应 “candies or toys”（糖果或玩具），与 “gifts (礼物)” 意思相近。故选 C。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Make it playtime. Turn ‘kitchen time’ into a party.” 可知，把 “厨房时间” 变成 “派对时间” 是让孩子们积极做家务的好方法。故选 D。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段总述 “要让孩子的家务变得有趣”，第二到第五段分别介绍不同方法，具体为团队合作、制造惊喜、变成游戏、增加难度，是 “总 — 分” 结构（①总领，②③④⑤分述）。故选 A。 【小题 5】 推理判断题。根据文章围绕 “让孩子积极做家务的方法” 展开，属于育儿相关内容，因此可能出现在 Parenting Science “育儿科学” 版块。故选 B。 主题04人与自我---生活与学习---家庭生活与生活技能培养” Passage4 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends “pest friends”, “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends is simply acquaintances and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school or at work, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friends do something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends “guest friends” could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little about what they like or dislike, and a little about their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friends”, are the people you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts (想法) . They will correct you when you’re wrong, and though they may not be perfect, they at least will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value (重视) all friendship and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. ()1. How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By listing the numbers. D．By giving examples. ()2. Mike and David are neighbors and classmates, and do things together, but don’t share their feelings. What kind of friends are they? A．Pest friends B．Guest friends C．Best friends. D．Close friends. ()3. What does the underlined word “acquaintances” mean? A．Workmates. B．People that touch your heart. C．Schoolmates. D．People you know but not well. ()4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． ()5. What would be the best title for the passage? A．Three kinds of friends B．Love from your friends C．The meaning of friendship D．What are true friends like 答案：1.B 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.A 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过有趣的方式让孩子积极参与家务劳动，并提出了几种具体的方法。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Work as a team. A simple and great way to make cleaning fun is to do it together.” 可知，该段主要讲和孩子一起做家务。故选 A。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据第五段 “someone advised her to give the kids some things like candies or toys as rewards” 可知，“rewards” 对应 “candies or toys”（糖果或玩具），与 “gifts (礼物)” 意思相近。故选 C。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Make it playtime. Turn ‘kitchen time’ into a party.” 可知，把 “厨房时间” 变成 “派对时间” 是让孩子们积极做家务的好方法。故选 D。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段总述 “要让孩子的家务变得有趣”，第二到第五段分别介绍不同方法，具体为团队合作、制造惊喜、变成游戏、增加难度，是 “总 — 分” 结构（①总领，②③④⑤分述）。故选 A。 【小题 5】 推理判断题。根据文章围绕 “让孩子积极做家务的方法” 展开，属于育儿相关内容，因此可能出现在 Parenting Science “育儿科学” 版块。故选 B。 主题05人与自然---自然生态、生物多样性与环境保护 Passage5 ①Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. It grows in many parts of Asia, Africa and South America. ②Some kinds of bamboo are really special. For example, Moso bamboo—it can grow very fast. In just one day, it can grow up to one meter. That means it can get really tall in a short time. It’s like magic of nature (大自然的魔力). Bamboo has a long and straight stalk (茎). It can be several meters long. ③In everyday life, bamboo is widely used for making “house things”. People make chairs, tables, and beds out of bamboo because it is both strong and light. Many traditional houses in some Asian countries also use bamboo to build houses. It can make the houses cool in summer and warm in winter. ④Also, bamboo is an important part of the food for some animals. Pandas, for example, mainly eat bamboo. Without bamboo, pandas would face serious food problems. ⑤What’s more, bamboo affects (影响) the environment a lot. It helps to make the air clean and stop the soil (土壤) from being washed away. ⑥However, bamboo is facing some dangers now. People cut down too much bamboo for different uses without thinking about its growth. Also, some areas where bamboo grows are being polluted. ⑦In a word, bamboo is very important to us. We should do something to protect it. In this way, bamboo can go on to play its important roles in our life and nature in the long term. ()1. How fast can Moso bamboo grow? A．It can grow half a meter in a day. B．It can grow several meters in a day. C．It can grow up to one meter in a day. D．It can grow ten centimeters (厘米) in a day. ()2. Why is bamboo used to make “house things”? A．Because it grows fast. B．Because it is strong and light C．Because it is easy to find and cut. D．Because it is both beautiful and cheap. ()3. What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代)? A．Bamboo. B．Traditional house. C．Asian country. D．The way of building ()4. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph2,…) A． B． C． D． ()5. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．The Favorite Food of Pandas. B．The Use of Bamboo in Daily Life. C．The Uses and Dangers of Bamboo. D．How to Protect Bamboo in the World. 答案：1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 解析：【导语】 本文主要讲述了竹子的特性、广泛用途、对环境和动物的重要性，以及竹子目前面临的危险，并呼吁人们保护竹子。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据文章第②段中 “For example, Moso bamboo, it can grow very fast. In just one day, it can grow up to one meter.” 可知，毛竹一天能长到一米高。故选 C。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据文章第③段中 “People make chairs, tables, and beds out of bamboo because it is both strong and light.” 可知，竹子被用来制作家居用品是因为它既坚固又轻便。故选 B。 【小题 3】 词句猜测题。根据文章第③段中 “Many traditional houses in some Asian countries also use bamboo to build houses. It can make the houses cool in summer and warm in winter.” 可知，前文提及用竹子建造房屋，此处 “it” 指代的是前文的 “bamboo (竹子)”。故选 A。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。根据原文第①段 “Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world.” 可知，此处为总起句，点明竹子的重要地位；第②段以毛竹为例介绍生长特性，第③段 “bamboo is widely used for making ‘house things’” 讲其生活用途，第④段 “bamboo is an important part of the food for some animals” 说明对动物的作用，第⑤段 “bamboo affects the environment a lot” 阐述环境价值，这几段是对竹子积极作用的分述；第⑥段 “However, bamboo is facing some dangers now” 转折引出竹子的生存危机；第⑦段 “In a word, bamboo is very important to us. We should do something to protect it.” 总结全文并发出呼吁。因此文章结构为 “总 — 分 — 总”：①段 (总)：介绍竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一；②—⑥段 (分)：分别说明竹子的特点、用途、对动物的作用、对环境的影响及面临的危险；⑦段 (总)：总结竹子的重要性并呼吁保护。故选 A。 【小题 5】 最佳标题题。根据原文第③段 “bamboo is widely used for making ‘house things’”、第④段 “bamboo is an important part of the food for some animals”、第⑤段 “bamboo affects the environment a lot” 可知，文章介绍了竹子的多重用途；再结合第⑥段 “However, bamboo is facing some dangers now” 可知，文章也提及了竹子的生存危险。综上，文章核心内容是竹子的用途与危险。故选 C。 主题06人与社会---古代社会生活方式、饮食文化传承 Passage6 When your parents are busy at work and have no time to cook, you can pick up the phone and order some food for yourself. Lots of people order takeout these days. But did people eat takeout in ancient (古代的) China? The answer is yes! There was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty (960—1279). People at that time didn’t have phones, but they could still order food. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong (1127—1194) liked to order takeout late at night. His servants (仆人) then went around the city to bring the dishes back. Common people also liked to order takeout. Restaurant waiters walked around the city or waited outside theaters. People paid them and the waiters would send food to their homes. People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes. It was a long wooden box, and there were two layers of porcelain (两层陶瓷) in it. People put hot water between the two layers to keep the dishes warm. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), you can even see a takeout worker on the way to send food. ()1. How does the writer start the article? A．By showing feelings. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By telling a story. ()2. What does “them” refer to (指代) in Paragraph (段落) 3? A．Theaters. B．Waiters. C．Homes. D．Dishes. ()3. Which one might be the meal box for takeout dishes in the Song Dynasty? A． B． C． D． ()4. Why does the writer mention (提到) Along the River During the Qingming Festival? A．To show that takeout started in ancient time. B．To answer why most people liked to order takeout. C．To tell how people ordered takeout at that time. D．To make people believe the painting was famous. ()5. What’s the structure of this passage? (①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3…) A． B． C． D． 答案：1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代的外卖。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据 “But did people eat takeout in ancient (古代的) China?” 可知，作者通过提问开篇。故选 B。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据 “Restaurant waiters walked around the city or waited outside theaters. People paid them and the waiters would send food to their homes.” 可知，饭店服务员走遍全城或等在剧院外，人们给他们钱，然后他们把饭送到他们家，此处是指服务员。故选 B。 【小题 3】 推理判断题。根据第四段 “It was a long wooden box, and there were two layers of porcelain (两层陶瓷) in it. People put hot water between the two layers to keep the dishes warm.” 可知，宋朝用来装外卖的餐盒是一个长长的木箱，里面有两层瓷器。人们在两层之间放热水来保温。据此可推断，C 项图片所示可能是宋朝用来装外卖的餐盒，故选 C。 【小题 4】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “a takeout worker can be seen on the way to send food” 可知，《清明上河图》上也出现了送外卖的工作人员；由此可推断，最后一段提到《清明上河图》是为了说明古代就已经有外卖了。故选 A。 【小题 5】 篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第一段提出观点：古代是否有外卖；第二段至第五段分别从不同的角度来介绍古代的外卖情况；据此可知，本文属于 “总 —— 分” 结构。故选 B。 主题07人与社会---社会交往与沟通 Passage7 When you want to invite friends to a party, you’d better send them invitations. This is a good way to show your respect (尊重). Here are some ways of inviting friends to your party. Mailed Invitation The most traditional way to invite your friends is to mail invitations. You need to write down all the information about the party, such as the party time, place, clothes to wear, things to bring, phone number and so on. Online Invitation You can also invite friends to a party through the Internet. You can buy some online invitations, put pictures and videos in the online invitations and then e-mail them to your friends. Phone Call If you want to save more time, you can just make a phone call. In this way, you can tell them more about your party. And you can hear if they are interested in the party. In-person (亲自) An in-person invitation can let you talk to your friends about the party and know their interests. But when you talk to the friends, you may forget some important information. So, you had better prepare an invitation for them, too. ()1. The most important traditional way to invite friends is to ________. A．send e-mails B．mail invitations C．make phone calls D．write letters on the Internet ()2. From Paragraph 3, we can know how to ________. A．mail invitations to friends B．have a party for friends C．write party information D．send online invitations ()3. Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．buying online invitations B．knowing friends’ interests C．inviting friends by phone calls D．talking with friends before a party (). What’s the best title for this passage? A．How to have parties B．How to make friends C．The important information D．Some ways to invite friends ()5. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.C 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了邀请朋友参加派对的几种方式，包括邮寄邀请函、在线邀请、电话邀请和亲自邀请。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “The most traditional way to invite your friends is to mail invitations.” 可知，邀请朋友最传统的方式是邮寄邀请函。故选 B。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “You can also invite friends to a party through the Internet. You can buy some online invitations, put pictures and videos in the online invitations and then e-mail them to your friends.” 可知，第三段主要介绍了如何通过互联网发送在线邀请函。故选 D。 【小题 3】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段 “If you want to save more time, you can just make a phone call. In this way, you can tell them more about your party. And you can hear if they are interested in the party.” 可知，第四段主要介绍了通过电话邀请朋友的方式。故选 C。 【小题 4】 最佳标题题。文章开头提到 “Here are some ways of inviting friends to your party.”，接着分别介绍了四种邀请方式：Mailed Invitation, Online Invitation, Phone Call, In-person。因此，文章的最佳标题是 “Some ways to invite friends”。故选 D。 【小题 5】 篇章结构题。文章第一段是总起句，提出主题 “Here are some ways of inviting friends to your party.”，接下来的四段分别介绍了四种具体的邀请方式。因此，文章的结构是总分结构。故选 C。 主题08人与自我---健康生活方式养成与个人健康管理 Passage8 ①Do you want to keep thin or look good? Do you want to stay away from health problems? Do you have sleep problems and want to get a better sleep? Do you want to make more friends? If you do, just exercise! You may hear lots of ways to keep healthy. Here are some easy-to-remember ways for you. ②Eat healthily ▲  It’s important to eat vegetables and fruit every day. It’s also a good idea to eat less sugar and drink more water. ③Move (移动) more and sit less. Although about 150 minutes of exercise a week is good, experts say that any activity is better than nothing. So try to stand up more often and do more activities. ④Get enough sleep. Most people need about 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night. If you feel tired when you do an activity, or if you need to drink coffee to make you not sleep, you may not get enough sleep. It’s not easy to get enough sleep, but it is a must for good health. ⑤Don’t do exercise by yourself. When you exercise, ask a friend to go with you. He or she can encourage (鼓励) you when you feel tired. Then you will not stop exercising halfway. 21. How does the writer introduce (引入) the topic? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By sharing personal experience. D．By telling stories. 22. Which one can be put in the “________” in Paragraph 2? A．Think about what goes into ears. B．You must have meals at home every day. C．Your parents can make nice food for you. D．Good eating habits can always keep you healthy. 23. The underlined (划线的) word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to (指的是) ________. A．doing exercise B．drinking coffee C．getting enough sleep D．drinking more water 24. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 25. What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Sleep. B．Sports. C．Food. D．Health. 答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D 解析：【导语】 本文讲了如何保持健康的问题，及其一些保持健康的方法。 【小题 1】 推理判断题。根据 “Do you want to keep thin or look good?...Do you want to make more friends?” 可知，文章通过问问题的方式引入主题。故选 B。 【小题 2】 推理判断题。根据 “Eat healthily” 及 “It’s important to eat vegetables and fruit every day. It’s also a good idea to eat less sugar and drink more water.” 可知，此处强调健康饮食，结合选项，D 选项 “良好的饮食习惯总能让你保持健康。” 符合语境。故选 D。 【小题 3】 词句猜测题。根据 “It’s not easy to get enough sleep, but it is a must for good health.” 可知，“it” 指的是充足睡眠。故选 C。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。文章结构是总分结构，第一段引出主题，后面几段分别介绍不同的健康建议，符合 C 图。故选 C。 【小题 5】 主旨大意题。根据 “You may hear lots of ways to keep healthy. Here are some easy-to-remember ways for you.” 可知，文章说的是关于健康的问题。故选 D。 主题08人与社会---教育与成长--校园政策与学生校园生活优化 Passage8 Most students have 10-minute breaks (休息) between classes (课间). They can do some exercise, talk with each other and relax during the time. However, to keep their students safe, some schools don’t let them leave the classroom during break—unless they need to go to the toilet (厕所). “They cannot go outside to play and relax,” a parent says in an interview (采访). To give students a real rest, primary and middle schools in Beijing began to add five more minutes to break time between classes from this autumn term. According to (按照) the new rule, each school should have a 30-minute big break (大课间) in the morning and another big break in the afternoon. Students should have at least 90 minutes of break time each day in primary schools (小学) and at least 105 minutes in middle schools. With the new rule, students will have more time to relax, rest, and play outside. This can help them keep healthy and avoid myopia (避免近视). ________ For example, Dianchanglu Primary School sets a climbing wall for its students. Qianjiadian Central Primary school builds a “Happy Farm” for students to do some farm work. Huashi Primary School holds an art show in the hallway. Students can enjoy great paintings during the break. What do you think of these activities? Do you have more great ideas for break time? ()1. Why do some schools keep their students in the classroom during breaks? A．To make them study more. B．To keep them healthy. C．To keep them safe. D．To give teachers more time to teach. ()2. According to the new rule, how many minutes of big breaks should each school have every day? A．30 minutes. B．60 minutes. C．At least 90 minutes. D．At least 105 minutes. ()3. Which of the following can be put into ________? A．It’s important for students to relax and play outside between classes. B．All schools should follow the new rule. C．To help students use their break time better, many schools are working hard. D．If there will be more break time, students will be happier. ()4. What does Huashi Primary School have for students? A．An art show. B．A happy farm. C．A climbing wall. D．A reading corner. ()5. Why does the author (作者) write the passage? A．To show some activities that students can do. B．To give some great ideas to study well. C．To introduce (介绍) a new break rule in Beijing. D．To ask teachers not give too much homework to students. 答案：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 解析：【导语】 本文主要介绍了北京中小学延长课间休息并规定大课间时长等新规则。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据 “However, to keep their students safe, some schools don’t let them leave the classroom ...” 可知，一些学校让学生课间留在教室是为了保证他们的安全。故选 C。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据 “According to the new rule, each school should have a 30-minute big break in the morning and another big break in the afternoon.” 可知，每天上午和下午各有一次 30 分钟大课间，所以每天大课间共 60 分钟。故选 B。 【小题 3】 推理判断题。根据 “For example, Dianchanglu Primary School sets a climbing wall for its students ... Qianjiadian Central Primary school ... Huashi Primary School ...” 可知，横线后列举了几所学校为学生课间开展的不同活动，选项 C“为帮助学生更好地利用课间时间，许多学校正在努力” 符合语境。故选 C。 【小题 4】 细节理解题。根据 “Huashi Primary School holds an art show in the hallway.” 可知，华实小学为学生举办艺术展。故选 A。 【小题 5】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先介绍了学校课间休息的现状，接着重点阐述北京中小学关于课间休息时间的新规定，以及学校为帮助学生更好利用课间时间开展的活动，主要目的是介绍北京的新课间休息规定。故选 C。 主题09人与社会--传统文化的当代创新与传承（文化遗产的现代转化） Passage9 “How can I buy the fridge magnets (冰箱贴) of the phoenix coronet (凤冠)?” This is the most asked question at the gift shop of the National Museum of China in Beijing. Most visitors will probably get this answer, “If you want one, you should get here before 7:30 a.m.!” Recently, fridge magnets inspired by the phoenix coronet of Empress Xiaoduan from the Ming Dynasty have become very popular. They are carefully made to look like the real phoenix coronet. Many people have shared their pictures of the pretty magnet online, making more visitors want to get them. The phoenix coronet is one of the museum’s most famous collections. There are nine phoenixes, nine dragons, and thousands of jewels (珠宝) on it, making it a truly special piece of history. The phoenix coronet is so valuable (宝贵的) that it is not allowed to be shown abroad. In just three months, the museum has sold over 80,000 magnets. Because so many people want them, the museum gives out numbered tickets. There are only 1,300 tickets each day, and each person can only buy at most two magnets at a time people want them, the museum gives out numbered tickets. Cultural and creative products (产品) like fridge magnets are really popular across China now. Other museums also sell cool products inspired by their collections. They are helping people learn about the culture and history of China while making visits to museums more fun. And they are also a bridge between the past and the present, showing that “Old things can shine new light.” ()1. What do we know about the fridge magnets of the phoenix coronet? A．They are pretty easy to get. B．They look like a treasure from the Ming Dynasty. C．They are one of the museum’s most famous collections. D．Many people buy them online ()2. What does the underlined word “inspired” mean? A．Made by. B．Bought from. C．Got ideas from. D．Found in. ()3. What does the museum do with the great need for the fridge magnets? A．It raises the prices of the magnets. B．It makes more magnets every day. C．It gives out numbered tickets. D．It sells magnets through online shops. ()4. Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A.B.C.D. ()5. Which saying most closely matches the main idea of the passage? A．Rome wasn’t built in a day. B．New wine in old bottles. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．Practice makes perfect. 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 解析：【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国国家博物馆一款以明代孝端皇后凤冠为灵感的冰箱贴。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据 “Recently, fridge magnets inspired by the phoenix coronet of Empress Xiaoduan from the Ming Dynasty have become very popular. They are carefully made to look like the real phoenix coronet.” 可知，近日，一款以明代孝端皇后凤冠为灵感设计的冰箱贴备受追捧。它们制作精良，栩栩如生地还原了凤冠的原貌，因此可知凤冠看起来像明朝的珍宝。故选 B。 【小题 2】 词句猜测题。根据 “Recently, fridge magnets inspired by the phoenix coronet of Empress Xiaoduan from the Ming Dynasty have become very popular.” 可知，近日，一款以明代孝端皇后凤冠为灵感设计的冰箱贴备受追捧，因此此处 inspired 指 “从…… 中获得灵感”，与 Got ideas from 同义。故选 C。 【小题 3】 细节理解题。根据 “Because so many people want them, the museum gives out numbered tickets.” 可知，因为太多人购买，博物馆发放编号门票。故选 C。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。根据文章可知，第一段提出问题，引出冰箱贴，第二至四段具体介绍冰箱贴的灵感、重要性和热销程度，第五段总结升华主题，对应 A 项。故选 A。 【小题 5】 主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文以凤冠冰箱贴为代表的文创产品，将古老文物与现代商品结合，让传统文化焕发新生，与 “New wine in old bottles”“旧瓶装新酒” 相契合。故选 B。 主题10人与社会--科学技术与社会发展--科技产品在社会生活各领域的应用与实用价值 Passage10 ①Drones (无人机) are a kind of machine that can fly. They’re becoming more and more popular. People usually use a computer to control (控制) this flying machine. Drones can do many things for us, like carrying things, taking pictures, and following animals that are in danger. Some people say this special machine will change (改变) our life as much as the computer does. ②In Brazil, farmers use drones to watch their crops (庄稼) . Brazil has quite a few large farms. On these farms, people find it difficult to look after all the crops. Drones can help farmers to find out if (是否) the crops are ill. They also help farmers use fewer farm medicines. This can help the environment and save much money. ③Drones can also help to find lost people. If people are lost, who are far from home, police can use drones to find them. A 92-year-old man in Virginia was lost and had to spend a night in the forest. The police looked for him all night. Luckily, the drone found him in 20 minutes. He was finally saved by the police. ④What’s more, drones can even serve people coffee. US company (公司) IBM has made this kind of drone. It can carry coffee to those in need. The drone can know when to bring a cup of coffee by studying a person’s habits. Then the drone will fly to the person. There is a special device (设备) under the drone. It helps the drone to give people the coffee. The drone can also predict when someone needs their next cup of coffee. ()1. In Paragraph 1, the writer tells us the uses of drones by ________. A．giving examples B．listing numbers C．answering questions D．using famous sayings ()2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Drones are more useful than computers. B．Drones don’t need anyone to control them. C．Drones can help look for people that are lost. D．Drones can help people make coffee when they need. ()3. What does “it” in the last Paragraph refer to (指代) ? A．The drone. B．The special device. C．The person. D．The coffee. ()4. Which one is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①/②③④ D．①②③/④ ()5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Drones can watch the crops. B．Drones can save much money. C．Drones can serve people coffee. D．Drones have many uses. 答案：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 解析：【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了无人机的多种用途，包括在农业上帮助农民监测庄稼、在搜救中寻找失踪人员，还能为有需要的人运送咖啡，展现了无人机在不同场景中的实用价值。 【小题 1】 细节理解题。根据 “like carrying things, taking pictures, and following animals that are in danger” 可知，第一段是通过举例子的方式说明无人机的用途，故选 A。 【小题 2】 细节理解题。根据 “Drones can also help to find lost people” 可知，无人机能帮助寻找失踪的人，故选 C。 【小题 3】 词句猜测题。根据 “There is a special device under the drone.” 和 “It helps the drone to give people the coffee” 可猜测，it 指代的是无人机下方的特殊设备，故选 B。 【小题 4】 篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段总述无人机的用途和普及性，第二、三、四段分别介绍无人机在农业、搜救、送咖啡方面的具体应用，文章是 “总 — 分” 结构，故选 C。 【小题 5】 主旨大意题。根据文章可知，文中介绍了无人机在农业监测、搜救、运送咖啡等多个场景的用途，故选 D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新人教八上期末复习阅读理解专题之说明文 （Units1-8单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 假期生活 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 家庭生活 Unit 3 Same or Different? 人物之间对比 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 人与动植物 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 健康饮食 Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 自我规划 Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 未来 Unit 8 Let's Communicate! 沟通与交流 2025 湖北中考真题阅读理解A篇 Great trips for each season in Hubei! Spring In spring, the most popular activity is to enjoy flowers. Come to Wuhan University. There are nearly 200 cherry trees. When cherry blossoms (樱花) all come out in early spring, the university looks like a pink sea. You can walk along Cherry Blossom Avenue and admire old Chinese-style buildings. Besides, you can ride around the East Lake or visit the Yellow Crane Tower. Summer Shennongjia is known as “Natural Oxygen Bar”. It’s wonderful to visit in summer. The weather there is cooler than that in most areas of Hubei. Millions of people visit Shennongjia to get away from the summer heat. You can go hiking (徒步) in thick forests and breathe fresh air. If you’re lucky, you might meet golden monkeys! Autumn Suizhou is famous for the Ginkgo Valley (银杏谷). There are thousands of old ginkgo trees around the villages. When the leaves tum bright yellow in autumn, the valley looks like a beautiful painting. Visitors often take photos and collect the colorful leaves. You can also try green food at the villagers’ homes. Winter Xianning is great for a holiday in winter. It’s a green city with lots of mountains and hot springs. There is a big ski (滑雪) area at the top of a mountain. Skiing there can be very exciting! When you’re tired, lie back in a hot spring. You can relax, chatting and tasting the local tea. It brings full energy to every visitor. 16. Which of the following activities is the most popular in Wuhan in spring? A. Enjoying cherry blossoms. B. Seeing Chinese-style buildings. C. Running along the East Lake. D. Visiting the Yellow Crane Tower. 17. If a man likes cool weather and nature, where will he go in July? A. Wuhan. B. Xianning. C. Suizhou. D. Shennongjia. 18. Which season is the best to visit the Ginkgo Valley? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter. 19. What can visitors enjoy after skiing in Xianning in winter? A. Local green food. B. Hot springs and tea. C. A hike up the mountain. D. Wild plants and animals. 20. Where can you most probably read the passage? A. In a science report. B. In a food guide. C. In a travel magazine. D. In a geography textbook. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C 八年级英语上期末复习阅读理解说明文解题技能（湖北适用） 同学们，期末复习阶段，说明文阅读是我们的重点题型之一。今天我们就结合2025年湖北中考的这篇“湖北四季好去处”的说明文，一起总结这类文章的阅读技巧，帮大家轻松应对考试！ 一、先认清楚：这篇文章为啥是说明文？ 说明文的核心是“说明事物、介绍信息”，通常会有清晰的结构和明确的说明对象。就像这篇文章，主题是“湖北四季的特色旅行地”，分别按春、夏、秋、冬四个季节展开，每个季节介绍对应的地点、特色活动和优势，目的是给读者提供实用的旅行信息——这就是典型的“介绍类说明文”。 我们做题前先判断文体，能帮我们更快抓住阅读重点：说明文的关键是“找信息、理逻辑”，不用像记叙文那样纠结情节和情感哦！ 二、核心技能1：快速找“说明对象+核心信息”（对应第20题） 说明文的开头或标题往往会直接点明说明对象。这篇文章的标题“Great trips for each season in Hubei!”就直接告诉我们：说明对象是“湖北四季的旅行推荐”，核心信息是“季节+地点+特色活动”。 ▶ 解题应用（第20题）：题目问“最可能在哪里读到这篇文章？” 我们根据说明对象“旅行推荐”，结合选项判断：A是科学报告（讲科学知识）、B是美食指南（只讲食物）、C是旅行杂志（推旅行地，匹配）、D是地理课本（讲地理知识，不侧重旅行）。所以答案选C。 ▶ 技巧总结：读说明文先看标题和首尾段，圈出“说明对象”（比如“湖北四季旅行地”“樱花”“银杏谷”），再快速浏览全文，梳理出“核心信息框架”（这篇是“季节→地点→特色”），后续做题会更高效。 三、核心技能2：细节定位法（对应16、17、18、19题） 说明文阅读的大部分题目是“细节题”，就像这篇的16-19题，答案都能在原文中直接找到，关键是“精准定位”，步骤如下： 第一步：划题干关键词（找“定位线索”） 关键词可以是“地点、时间、活动、题干问题核心”，比如： - 第16题：关键词“Wuhan in spring”“most popular activity” - 第17题：关键词“cool weather and nature”“July（夏天）” - 第18题：关键词“Ginkgo Valley”“best season” - 第19题：关键词“skiing in Xianning in winter”“after” 第二步：回原文找关键词对应段落/句子 这篇文章按季节分段，定位会更简单： - 第16题“spring”“Wuhan”→ 直接找“Spring”部分，找到“Wuhan University”相关内容； - 第17题“July（夏天）”“cool weather”→ 找“Summer”部分； - 第18题“Ginkgo Valley”→ 找“Autumn”部分（原文明确提Suizhou的Ginkgo Valley）； - 第19题“Xianning in winter”→ 找“Winter”部分。 第三步：比对原文与选项，排除错误答案 ▶ 举例1（第16题）： 原文Spring部分：“In spring, the most popular activity is to enjoy flowers. Come to Wuhan University. There are nearly 200 cherry trees.” 可知“武汉春天最受欢迎的是赏樱花”。 选项A是“Enjoying cherry blossoms”（赏樱花），直接匹配；B、D是“除此之外”的活动，不是最受欢迎的；C“Running”原文是“ride around”（骑车），错误。所以选A。 ▶ 举例2（第17题）： 题干“July（夏天）”“cool weather”，原文Summer部分：“Shennongjia... It’s wonderful to visit in summer. The weather there is cooler than that in most areas of Hubei.” 直接对应Shennongjia，选D。 ▶ 技巧总结：细节题“三步走”——划关键词→找原文对应处→比对选项（注意：错误选项常是“偷换词”，比如把“ride”改成“run”；或“混淆信息”，比如把A地的特色安到B地）。 四、核心技能3：抓“逻辑信号词”，理清说明顺序 说明文常用“时间顺序、空间顺序、分类顺序”，这篇用的是“分类顺序（按季节分类）”，文中有明显的信号词：Spring、Summer、Autumn、Winter，帮我们快速划分段落结构。除此之外，常见的逻辑信号词还有： - 表“递进/补充”：besides（除此之外，如Spring部分的“Besides, you can ride...”）、also（也）； - 表“因果”：because、so； - 表“举例”：for example、such as。 这些信号词能帮我们快速找到“额外信息”“核心信息的补充”，比如第16题排除B、D，就是因为它们是“besides”后的补充活动，不是最核心的。 五、总结：说明文阅读“四步走” 1. 看标题/首尾段，确定“说明对象”和“核心目的”（是介绍信息、推荐事物还是解释原理）； 2. 快速浏览全文，找“逻辑信号词”，梳理说明顺序（如分类、时间），搭建信息框架； 3. 做细节题时，按“划关键词→定位原文→比对选项”解题； 4. 做主旨/出处题时，结合说明对象和核心目的判断。 主题01人与社会---社会文化现象与跨文化交流 Passage1 Drinking a cup of milk tea with friends? That’s “city”. Visiting the Great Wall of China? Not “city”. Riding a bike or taking a walk down Shanghai’s Anfu Road? Quite “city”. If you don’t get it, let me tell you. “City bu city?” is a really hot topic in China now. You can use it to describe (描述) whether someone, or something is urban and modern or not. “City bu city?” was first used by Shanghai-based American blogger Paul Mike Ashton. His name on the Internet is “Bao Bao Xiong”. He likes sharing his travel in China on Douyin and Xiaohongshu. Ashton became popular after he shared a video of his asking his sister “City bu city?” on the Great Wall. The word “city” itself has now taken on a new meaning as an adjective (形容词). Ashton himself says that it describes something that happens in the city, but it can also be “something that gives you a great love for life”. These years, a number of foreign visitors like Ashton share their travel in China online. Topics about travel in China are becoming more and more popular. Now people around the world can learn more about China. ()1. Which of the following is “NOT ‘city’”? A．Visiting the Great Wall of China. B．Taking a walk in the city of Chengdu. C．Riding a bike down Shanghai’s Anfu Road. D．Drinking a cup of milk tea in Zhongshan Road. ()2. What does the underlined word “urban” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in English? A．Popular and cool. B．New and expensive. C．About sports or health. D．About travel or traffic. ()3. Who first used “City bu city?”? A．A Chinese blogger. B．A Japanese visitor. C．An American blogger. D．A Chinese singer. ()4. What can we know from the text? A．Ashton became popular after he traveled in China. B．Many foreign visitors sell their things in China online. C．The word “city” now has a new meaning as an adjective. D．“City bu city?” describes whether someone lives in the city or not. ()5. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Ashton often shares his travel in China. B．“City bu city?” is popular with foreign visitors. C．China is more and more popular with young travelers. D．People around the world can know more about China. 主题02人与自我---个人生活技能、自我管理与独立生活能力培养 Passage2 In the age of the internet, do young people still need to spend time learning some everyday life skills? To find the answer, we did a survey among 1,000 young people. Q:  ▲ Q: What life skills do you want to learn? Q: Why do you spend time learning life skills? Li: We live and learn. It’s fun to learn something new. Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life. Su: Learning something new is exciting. It is also a good way to relax. 1. Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ “? A．Should children take the internet seriously? B．Is it important for young people to learn life skills? C．Does the internet play an important role in your life? D．Is it useless for young people to learn life skills? 2. How many young people want to learn how to shop for food? A．408. B．339. C．318. D．452. 3. What are the top three most popular life skills? A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①③⑤ D．②③④ 4. Why does Wang want to learn life skills? A．To have fun. B．To relax. C．To live independently. D．To help parents. 5. What can we learn from the survey? A．Su dislikes doing housework. B．More than 400 people want to learn first aid. C．Over 90% think young people should learn life skills. D．Li doesn’t want to learn anything new. 主题03人与社会---社会交往与沟通 Passage3 Now many people like to find dazi (搭子) on Xiaohongshu or Weibo. Finding dazi is a new way of social communication (社交) for young people. Why does this activity get popular? It is easy to understand. It helps people to find someone with the same hobby (兴趣) as them, and it doesn’t take much time. With one or a few dazi, people have more fun in the activities they are interested in. A girl called Ge Jinyuan is a high school student from Shandong. She likes talking with her meal dazi when she is having lunch. “We love to share our ideas on the food,” said the girl. “If my meal dazi doesn't come to school one day, I will feel bad.” “It takes a lot of time to make friends with others. But it doesn’t need much time to have a dazi,” said another girl, Shi Zhimin, a student from Shanxi. Ge Jinyuan also has the same idea. She doesn’t want to spend too much time making friends, so having a dazi is good for her. She can feel relaxed and then has more time to study. Also, ▲. “Once, my game dazi and I did something wrong when playing the game Eggy Party, but we worked together to turn the tide (扭转局势). By playing the game together, I find I like working with others now!” Shi Zhimin said. Dazi is usually good, but it can be dangerous. People may lie (说谎) on the Internet. So be careful when finding dazi. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What does the underlined part refer to (指的是)? A．To find dazi on Xiaohongshu or Weibo. B．To share your hobby with other people. C．To learn a new way of social communication. D．To understand how to communicate with others. 2. How will Ge Jinyuan feel if her meal dazi doesn’t come to school? A．Surprised. B．Angry. C．Unhappy. D．Relaxed. 3. Which sentence can be put in the place“▲” in Paragraph 5? A．dazi sometimes may play games better than you B．dazi sometimes may give you some big surprises C．dazi sometimes may have different ideas in life D．dazi sometimes may ask you to talk with others 4. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of this passage? (①=Para.(段落) l        ②= Para.2…) A． B． C． D． 5. What’s the best title of the passage? A．How to find your best dazi B．Dazi: a dangerous way to make friends C．Having a dazi: more hobbies, more time D．Dazi: a new way of social communication 主题04人与自然--自然生态与环境保护；气候变化与生态平衡 Passage4 The Amazon Rainforest (亚马逊雨林) is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon Rainforest covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon Rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years. Why is the Amazon “sick”? The Amazon Rainforest is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit (侵袭) the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities have made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. _____________ The Amazon Rainforest is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there take CO₂ out of the air and make oxygen (氧气). They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon Rainforest “dies”, there will be more CO₂, and our earth will become even hotter. The Amazon Rainforest is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. ()1. Where is the Amazon Rainforest? A．North America. B．South America. C．Europe. D．Africa. ()2. Which of the following are the reasons for the Amazon Rainforest being “sick”? ① No sunshine.   ② Human activities.     ③ Too much rain.     ④ Climate change. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ ()3. What does the underlined word “droughts” mean? A．暴雨 B．龙卷风 C．干旱 D．寒潮 ()4. Choose the best sentence to fill in the _______ in the passage. A．Where is the Amazon Rainforest? B．Who lives in the Amazon Rainforest? C．How can we protect the Amazon Rainforest? D．What will happen if we lose the Amazon Rainforest? ()5. Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell readers about the history of the Amazon River. B．To call on readers to protect the Amazon Rainforest. C．To advise people to visit the Amazon Rainforest. D．To introduce how many animals live in the Amazon Rainforest. 主题05人与社会---传统文化与民俗风情（饮食文化） Passage5  Hot dry noodles are a traditional food of Wuhan, Hubei Province. They have a history of about 100 years in Chinese food culture. They are a kind of typical food in Wuhan, and are often sold in streets in other cities. Hot dry noodles can be served from 5 a.m. until midnight in Wuhan. It is said that in the early 1930s, there was a man named Li Bao, who made a living by selling noodles and noodle soup in Hankou. One day, he accidentally put some oil into his noodles. The next day, he boiled the noodles and added other condiments (调味料). His noodles soon became very popular because they were very delicious. Many people asked Li Bao what kind of noodles they were, and Li Bao said they were hot dry noodles. The recipe of hot dry noodles is different from cold noodles or noodles with soup. First, you should mix the cooked noodles with oil and dry them. When you are about to eat them, put the prepared noodles in boiled water for a while and then take them out. After that, you can enjoy the delicious noodles. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. How long can hot dry noodles be served at most in Wuhan every day? A．For 24 hours. B．For 19 hours. C．For 8 hours. D．For 6 hours. 2. What does the underlined word “recipe” mean in Chinese? A．医生处方 B．奇异香味 C．制作原因 D．烹饪方法 3. What can’t we know from the second paragraph? A．When hot dry noodles appeared. B．The price of hot dry noodles. C．How hot dry noodles were made. D．Who created hot dry noodles. 4. What can we know from the text? A．Making hot dry noodles doesn’t need water. B．Hot dry noodles have a history of over 200 years. C．Li Bao’s wife first made hot dry noodles popular. D．The cooked noodles should be mixed with oil to make hot dry noodles. 5. What’s the best title for this text? A．The traditional food—Wuhan hot dry noodles B．The importance of hot dry noodles C．The reason why people like hot dry noodles D．The way of cooking hot dry noodles 主题06人与自我---生活与学习---职业规划与个人发展 Passage6  Today, it is a big problem for young people to get fine jobs after they leave universities. There are different kinds of jobs in the world. But how should young people choose the right one? That often worries them. “Finding a job” is not the same as “choosing a job”. Many young people can’t get right jobs. Here are a few steps to help you think about jobs which you might enjoy doing after you leave school or university. First, it is important to know what kind of person you are, what special qualities (特质) you have and what you are interested in. There is a difference between an interest and a skill. If you like art and enjoy looking at pictures, that is an interest. But if you can draw a horse and it looks like a horse not a big dog, that is a skill. Then ask yourself a question, “Of the following three skills—skill with people, skill with information and skill with things, which is my best skill?” After finding out your best skill, the next step is to study carefully. To find out as many different kinds of jobs as possible, go to the library and read books, magazines and newspapers for information. Ask your friends what they think of the work they do. The last step is to trust your own ideas and your own thinking. It is your own life. Just find the job you really enjoy doing. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What does the underlined word “one” refer to? A．School. B．University. C．Problem. D．Job. 2. Paragraph (段落) One tells us that it’s ________ to choose a right job. A．easy B．hard C．necessary D．different 3. Which of the following can be a skill according to the passage? A．You are good at writing stories. B．You enjoy listening to music. C．You plan to run every morning. D．You choose your favorite books. 4. What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. What’s the purpose (意图) of this passage? A．To tell people how to choose a right job. B．To describe the problems of getting fine jobs. C．To show the steps of finding out your best skills. D．To explain why choosing fine jobs worries people. 主题07人与自然---宇宙与科技探索 Passage7  What will our lives be like in 50 years? They will be different from our lives today. In the future, I think we will live on Mars. Here is what life will be like there. First of all, transport should be much better. Now, our spaceships (宇宙飞船) are too slow to take lots of people to space—it takes months. However, in the future, it will take us two or three days to get to Mars by spaceship! Secondly, human beings need food, water and air to live. Scientists will be able to make plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce (产生) the food and air we need. However, can these plants give water to us? There is no answer now. There is a problem for us. Mars pulls us much less than the earth does. This will not be secure because we can easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To stop this, humans on Mars need to wear special shoes. They can help people become heavy. Life on Mars makes people have more free time. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we will have more time for our hobbies. However, life on Mars may not be better than that on earth today. Food will look like medicine and will not be as delicious as it is today. 1. How will the future spaceship change? A．It will become more beautiful. B．It will be too expensive. C．It will take people to any planet. D．It will become much faster. 2. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ________. A．the air on Mars will be fresher B．there will be no water on Mars C．scientists will produce food on Mars D．the plants on Mars will be important 3. What does the underlined word “secure” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Safe. B．Dangerous. C．Clean. D．Dirty. 4. Which of the following will people need to wear on Mars? A． B． C． D． 5. Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Life on Mars B．The Dreams of Humans C．The Future of the Earth D．The Problems on the Earth 主题08人与社会---社会交往与沟通 Passage8 “How was your weekend?” “Did you see the game on TV last night?” “Isn’t the weather beautiful today?” These questions and the answers to them are examples of “small talk”—the short, friendly conversation that people have with friends and partners. Some people don’t want to make small talk at work. They think they shouldn’t talk about things that have nothing to do with their job, or their partners will think they aren’t serious about their work. And others might not enjoy small talk about themselves. But small talk is important. It can help you a lot. It shows you’ re friendly and care about your partners. You become a better team member. If not, others might feel uncomfortable around you and think you’re unfriendly. Peter Harper, a manager at the Apex Company in the USA, says, “We always look for friendly workers who know how to talk with each other and our customers.” Here is some advice for successful small talk. You can talk about the weather, news, hobbies, TV programs and famous people like movie stars, singers, etc. You can also share something about your family such as birthday parties and other family events, but don’t share very personal information like family problems. Remember not to talk about money, age and so on. Listening is an important part of small talk. Listen carefully to others and ask questions. Don’t just talk about yourself. And remember to smile. Making small talk takes practice. The more you do it, the better you’ll be at making small talk! 1. The writer starts the passage with some examples to ________. A．give his opinion B．answer the topic C．introduce the topic D．answer some questions 2. What’s Para. 2 mainly about? A．Why some people don’t make small talk. B．How to start small talk. C．Why some people don’t believe their parents. D．How to be serious about work. 3. What Peter Harper said shows ________. A．most customers don’t like small talk B．good listeners don’t need to ask questions C．Small talk helps you to be a good worker D．you can practise small talk with customers 4. According to the passage, which of the following is OK for small talk? A．“How old are you?” B．“Who’s your favourite actor?” C．“Why did your parents fight yesterday?” D．“How much money do you make each month?” 5. What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题01人与自然---自然生态、生物多样性与环境保护 Passage1 ①Nature is amazing! Look closely at the world of insects, and you will find many interesting facts. Let’s take butterflies as an example. They have beautiful, colorful wings and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. ②But do you know how a butterfly grows? It is one of the most fantastic wonders (奇观) of nature. First, a butterfly lays (产卵) a small colorful egg on a leaf of a plant. ③It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life begins. The caterpillar can eat, walk, and see. But it is still not a butterfly. ④After the caterpillar grows big, it makes a cover to protect itself. It stays inside this soft cover and goes to sleep. We call it the “pupa” stage (成蛹阶段). ⑤After some days, the cover breaks open. A wet and weak (脆弱的) butterfly comes out. It has six legs, a mouth, eyes, and wings. Soon, the wings become dry and strong. The beautiful butterfly spreads (伸展) its wings and flies away. A few weeks later, this butterfly lays her eggs, and the life cycle starts again. ⑥This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. ()1. What can we know about butterflies from Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insects. B．Butterflies are very common in winter. C．Butterflies have white wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. ()2. What does the underlined word caterpillar in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．虫卵 B．幼虫 C．蛹 D．蝴蝶 ()3. What is the right order of the growth of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa.                                        ②It becomes a walking insect. ③A butterfly lays an egg.                                 ④It spreads wings and flies away. A．①②③④ B．①②④③ C．③②①④ D．③②④① ()4. Why does the writer write the last paragraph? A．To describe another wonder of nature B．To ask people to watch butterflies more C．To end the story of the butterfly’s life D．To encourage readers to explore more in nature ()5. What is the best title for the text? A．One insect, different colors B．One insect, four lives C．The kinds of butterflies D．The habits of butterflies 主题02人与自我---健康与安全 Passage2 In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about how to keep themselves safe. What are the accidents at school? Let’s take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in crowded places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around. When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. It will protect you from falling things. If you are outside, find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines. When there’s a fire, leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe （呼吸） in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them cough and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air. ()1. How does the writer begin the topic? A．By using an example. B．By telling a story C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers ()2. The underlined word “stampede” means ________ in Chinese. A．踩踏 B．瘟疫 C．干旱 D．溺水 ()3. Why should people get under a desk quickly in an earthquake? A．Because it will make people breathe. B．Because it will protect people’s heads. C．Because it will help people to run away. D．Because it will protect people from falling things. ()4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．When there’s a fire, don’t leave the classroom quickly. B．Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. C．It’s better to put something dry over your mouth and nose in a fire. D．When you want to get out of a fire, you shouldn’t make yourself close to the floor. ()5. What’s the best title for this passage? A．Health Care. B．English Learning. C．Cooking Courses. D．Safety Education. 主题03人与自我---生活与学习---家庭生活与生活技能培养 Passage3 Don’t let your kids drag their feet (拖拖拉拉) over doing housework. Help them to make the boring housework enjoyable. Work as a team. A simple and great way to make cleaning fun is to do it together. Play some beautiful music while you are doing housework. Then you won’t feel bored. Get lucky. If your kids like surprises, write housework on ice cream and have each kid pick one. Tell them they can change their picks if each of them agrees. In this way, they will have a feeling of making a choice. Make it playtime. Turn “kitchen time” into a party. Let one child be a cook and another be a DJ. The cook chooses to help make dinner. The DJ chooses the music to play. Everyone can dance around the kitchen while preparing dinner or cleaning up the kitchen later. Find more difficult housework. One of my friends was trying to get her kids to help out around the house, and someone advised her to give the kids some things like candies or toys as rewards. The advice worked like magic. However, rewards usually don’t work for long because kids will be bored with doing the same housework all the time. At this time, give them some difficult housework. If they can already help clean the cage (笼子) of the pet well, make it harder by having them clean the cage all by themselves. Then, ask them to clean it faster. ()1. What is Paragraph 2 about? A．Doing housework with kids. B．Showing your kids good ways of doing housework. C．Playing for a while after finishing the housework. D．Making housework a part of kids’ daily routine. ()2. The underlined word “rewards” is similar to “____________”. A．trips B．advice C．gifts D．ideas ()3. Which is a great way to make kids do housework actively (积极地)? A．Telling them the importance of doing housework. B．Asking them to do difficult housework all the time. C．Letting them eat ice cream whenever they want. D．Turning “kitchen time” into “party time”. ()4. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． ()5. In which part of a newspaper may we read this passage? A．Famous People. B．Parenting Science. C．World’s Culture. D．Short Stories. 主题04人与自我---生活与学习---家庭生活与生活技能培养” Passage4 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends “pest friends”, “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends is simply acquaintances and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school or at work, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friends do something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends “guest friends” could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little about what they like or dislike, and a little about their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friends”, are the people you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts (想法) . They will correct you when you’re wrong, and though they may not be perfect, they at least will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value (重视) all friendship and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. ()1. How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By listing the numbers. D．By giving examples. ()2. Mike and David are neighbors and classmates, and do things together, but don’t share their feelings. What kind of friends are they? A．Pest friends B．Guest friends C．Best friends. D．Close friends. ()3. What does the underlined word “acquaintances” mean? A．Workmates. B．People that touch your heart. C．Schoolmates. D．People you know but not well. ()4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． ()5. What would be the best title for the passage? A．Three kinds of friends B．Love from your friends C．The meaning of friendship D．What are true friends like 主题05人与自然---自然生态、生物多样性与环境保护 Passage5 ①Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. It grows in many parts of Asia, Africa and South America. ②Some kinds of bamboo are really special. For example, Moso bamboo—it can grow very fast. In just one day, it can grow up to one meter. That means it can get really tall in a short time. It’s like magic of nature (大自然的魔力). Bamboo has a long and straight stalk (茎). It can be several meters long. ③In everyday life, bamboo is widely used for making “house things”. People make chairs, tables, and beds out of bamboo because it is both strong and light. Many traditional houses in some Asian countries also use bamboo to build houses. It can make the houses cool in summer and warm in winter. ④Also, bamboo is an important part of the food for some animals. Pandas, for example, mainly eat bamboo. Without bamboo, pandas would face serious food problems. ⑤What’s more, bamboo affects (影响) the environment a lot. It helps to make the air clean and stop the soil (土壤) from being washed away. ⑥However, bamboo is facing some dangers now. People cut down too much bamboo for different uses without thinking about its growth. Also, some areas where bamboo grows are being polluted. ⑦In a word, bamboo is very important to us. We should do something to protect it. In this way, bamboo can go on to play its important roles in our life and nature in the long term. ()1. How fast can Moso bamboo grow? A．It can grow half a meter in a day. B．It can grow several meters in a day. C．It can grow up to one meter in a day. D．It can grow ten centimeters (厘米) in a day. ()2. Why is bamboo used to make “house things”? A．Because it grows fast. B．Because it is strong and light C．Because it is easy to find and cut. D．Because it is both beautiful and cheap. ()3. What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代)? A．Bamboo. B．Traditional house. C．Asian country. D．The way of building ()4. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph2,…) A． B． C． D． ()5. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．The Favorite Food of Pandas. B．The Use of Bamboo in Daily Life. C．The Uses and Dangers of Bamboo. D．How to Protect Bamboo in the World. 主题06人与社会---古代社会生活方式、饮食文化传承 Passage6 When your parents are busy at work and have no time to cook, you can pick up the phone and order some food for yourself. Lots of people order takeout these days. But did people eat takeout in ancient (古代的) China? The answer is yes! There was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty (960—1279). People at that time didn’t have phones, but they could still order food. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong (1127—1194) liked to order takeout late at night. His servants (仆人) then went around the city to bring the dishes back. Common people also liked to order takeout. Restaurant waiters walked around the city or waited outside theaters. People paid them and the waiters would send food to their homes. People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes. It was a long wooden box, and there were two layers of porcelain (两层陶瓷) in it. People put hot water between the two layers to keep the dishes warm. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), you can even see a takeout worker on the way to send food. ()1. How does the writer start the article? A．By showing feelings. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By telling a story. ()2. What does “them” refer to (指代) in Paragraph (段落) 3? A．Theaters. B．Waiters. C．Homes. D．Dishes. ()3. Which one might be the meal box for takeout dishes in the Song Dynasty? A． B． C． D． ()4. Why does the writer mention (提到) Along the River During the Qingming Festival? A．To show that takeout started in ancient time. B．To answer why most people liked to order takeout. C．To tell how people ordered takeout at that time. D．To make people believe the painting was famous. ()5. What’s the structure of this passage? (①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3…) A． B． C． D． 主题07人与社会---社会交往与沟通 Passage7 When you want to invite friends to a party, you’d better send them invitations. This is a good way to show your respect (尊重). Here are some ways of inviting friends to your party. Mailed Invitation The most traditional way to invite your friends is to mail invitations. You need to write down all the information about the party, such as the party time, place, clothes to wear, things to bring, phone number and so on. Online Invitation You can also invite friends to a party through the Internet. You can buy some online invitations, put pictures and videos in the online invitations and then e-mail them to your friends. Phone Call If you want to save more time, you can just make a phone call. In this way, you can tell them more about your party. And you can hear if they are interested in the party. In-person (亲自) An in-person invitation can let you talk to your friends about the party and know their interests. But when you talk to the friends, you may forget some important information. So, you had better prepare an invitation for them, too. ()1. The most important traditional way to invite friends is to ________. A．send e-mails B．mail invitations C．make phone calls D．write letters on the Internet ()2. From Paragraph 3, we can know how to ________. A．mail invitations to friends B．have a party for friends C．write party information D．send online invitations ()3. Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．buying online invitations B．knowing friends’ interests C．inviting friends by phone calls D．talking with friends before a party (). What’s the best title for this passage? A．How to have parties B．How to make friends C．The important information D．Some ways to invite friends ()5. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题08人与自我---健康生活方式养成与个人健康管理 Passage8 ①Do you want to keep thin or look good? Do you want to stay away from health problems? Do you have sleep problems and want to get a better sleep? Do you want to make more friends? If you do, just exercise! You may hear lots of ways to keep healthy. Here are some easy-to-remember ways for you. ②Eat healthily ▲  It’s important to eat vegetables and fruit every day. It’s also a good idea to eat less sugar and drink more water. ③Move (移动) more and sit less. Although about 150 minutes of exercise a week is good, experts say that any activity is better than nothing. So try to stand up more often and do more activities. ④Get enough sleep. Most people need about 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night. If you feel tired when you do an activity, or if you need to drink coffee to make you not sleep, you may not get enough sleep. It’s not easy to get enough sleep, but it is a must for good health. ⑤Don’t do exercise by yourself. When you exercise, ask a friend to go with you. He or she can encourage (鼓励) you when you feel tired. Then you will not stop exercising halfway. 21. How does the writer introduce (引入) the topic? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By sharing personal experience. D．By telling stories. 22. Which one can be put in the “________” in Paragraph 2? A．Think about what goes into ears. B．You must have meals at home every day. C．Your parents can make nice food for you. D．Good eating habits can always keep you healthy. 23. The underlined (划线的) word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to (指的是) ________. A．doing exercise B．drinking coffee C．getting enough sleep D．drinking more water 24. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 25. What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Sleep. B．Sports. C．Food. D．Health. 主题08人与社会---教育与成长--校园政策与学生校园生活优化 Passage8 Most students have 10-minute breaks (休息) between classes (课间). They can do some exercise, talk with each other and relax during the time. However, to keep their students safe, some schools don’t let them leave the classroom during break—unless they need to go to the toilet (厕所). “They cannot go outside to play and relax,” a parent says in an interview (采访). To give students a real rest, primary and middle schools in Beijing began to add five more minutes to break time between classes from this autumn term. According to (按照) the new rule, each school should have a 30-minute big break (大课间) in the morning and another big break in the afternoon. Students should have at least 90 minutes of break time each day in primary schools (小学) and at least 105 minutes in middle schools. With the new rule, students will have more time to relax, rest, and play outside. This can help them keep healthy and avoid myopia (避免近视). ________ For example, Dianchanglu Primary School sets a climbing wall for its students. Qianjiadian Central Primary school builds a “Happy Farm” for students to do some farm work. Huashi Primary School holds an art show in the hallway. Students can enjoy great paintings during the break. What do you think of these activities? Do you have more great ideas for break time? ()1. Why do some schools keep their students in the classroom during breaks? A．To make them study more. B．To keep them healthy. C．To keep them safe. D．To give teachers more time to teach. ()2. According to the new rule, how many minutes of big breaks should each school have every day? A．30 minutes. B．60 minutes. C．At least 90 minutes. D．At least 105 minutes. ()3. Which of the following can be put into ________? A．It’s important for students to relax and play outside between classes. B．All schools should follow the new rule. C．To help students use their break time better, many schools are working hard. D．If there will be more break time, students will be happier. ()4. What does Huashi Primary School have for students? A．An art show. B．A happy farm. C．A climbing wall. D．A reading corner. ()5. Why does the author (作者) write the passage? A．To show some activities that students can do. B．To give some great ideas to study well. C．To introduce (介绍) a new break rule in Beijing. D．To ask teachers not give too much homework to students. 主题09人与社会--传统文化的当代创新与传承（文化遗产的现代转化） Passage9 “How can I buy the fridge magnets (冰箱贴) of the phoenix coronet (凤冠)?” This is the most asked question at the gift shop of the National Museum of China in Beijing. Most visitors will probably get this answer, “If you want one, you should get here before 7:30 a.m.!” Recently, fridge magnets inspired by the phoenix coronet of Empress Xiaoduan from the Ming Dynasty have become very popular. They are carefully made to look like the real phoenix coronet. Many people have shared their pictures of the pretty magnet online, making more visitors want to get them. The phoenix coronet is one of the museum’s most famous collections. There are nine phoenixes, nine dragons, and thousands of jewels (珠宝) on it, making it a truly special piece of history. The phoenix coronet is so valuable (宝贵的) that it is not allowed to be shown abroad. In just three months, the museum has sold over 80,000 magnets. Because so many people want them, the museum gives out numbered tickets. There are only 1,300 tickets each day, and each person can only buy at most two magnets at a time people want them, the museum gives out numbered tickets. Cultural and creative products (产品) like fridge magnets are really popular across China now. Other museums also sell cool products inspired by their collections. They are helping people learn about the culture and history of China while making visits to museums more fun. And they are also a bridge between the past and the present, showing that “Old things can shine new light.” ()1. What do we know about the fridge magnets of the phoenix coronet? A．They are pretty easy to get. B．They look like a treasure from the Ming Dynasty. C．They are one of the museum’s most famous collections. D．Many people buy them online ()2. What does the underlined word “inspired” mean? A．Made by. B．Bought from. C．Got ideas from. D．Found in. ()3. What does the museum do with the great need for the fridge magnets? A．It raises the prices of the magnets. B．It makes more magnets every day. C．It gives out numbered tickets. D．It sells magnets through online shops. ()4. Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A.B.C.D. ()5. Which saying most closely matches the main idea of the passage? A．Rome wasn’t built in a day. B．New wine in old bottles. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．Practice makes perfect. 主题10人与社会--科学技术与社会发展--科技产品在社会生活各领域的应用与实用价值 Passage10 ①Drones (无人机) are a kind of machine that can fly. They’re becoming more and more popular. People usually use a computer to control (控制) this flying machine. Drones can do many things for us, like carrying things, taking pictures, and following animals that are in danger. Some people say this special machine will change (改变) our life as much as the computer does. ②In Brazil, farmers use drones to watch their crops (庄稼) . Brazil has quite a few large farms. On these farms, people find it difficult to look after all the crops. Drones can help farmers to find out if (是否) the crops are ill. They also help farmers use fewer farm medicines. This can help the environment and save much money. ③Drones can also help to find lost people. If people are lost, who are far from home, police can use drones to find them. A 92-year-old man in Virginia was lost and had to spend a night in the forest. The police looked for him all night. Luckily, the drone found him in 20 minutes. He was finally saved by the police. ④What’s more, drones can even serve people coffee. US company (公司) IBM has made this kind of drone. It can carry coffee to those in need. The drone can know when to bring a cup of coffee by studying a person’s habits. Then the drone will fly to the person. There is a special device (设备) under the drone. It helps the drone to give people the coffee. The drone can also predict when someone needs their next cup of coffee. ()1. In Paragraph 1, the writer tells us the uses of drones by ________. A．giving examples B．listing numbers C．answering questions D．using famous sayings ()2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Drones are more useful than computers. B．Drones don’t need anyone to control them. C．Drones can help look for people that are lost. D．Drones can help people make coffee when they need. ()3. What does “it” in the last Paragraph refer to (指代) ? A．The drone. B．The special device. C．The person. D．The coffee. ()4. Which one is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①/②③④ D．①②③/④ ()5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Drones can watch the crops. B．Drones can save much money. C．Drones can serve people coffee. D．Drones have many uses. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $