精品解析：山东省菏泽市第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月质量检测英语试题

1月份教学诊断检测高二英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 第一部分 听力 (共30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What do we know about Mrs. Black? A. She’s from Germany. B. She has a British accent. C. She taught science before. 2. When will the woman’s flight take off tomorrow? A. At 8: 00 am. B. At 9: 00 am. C. At 11: 00 am. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Travel to France. B. Learn more French words. C. Research into French culture. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. How to cope with stress. B. How to keep healthy. C. How to prepare for exams. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What might the man be? A. A publisher. B. A writer. C. An editor. 7. What is the woman doing? A. Cheering the man up. B. Doing an interview. C. Recommending a book. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In a supermarket. B. At a university. C. At home. 9. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s idea? A. Understanding. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. 10. What does the woman suggest the man do about changing majors? A. Handle challenges flexibly. B. Ask his professors for advice. C. Consider career prospects in the field. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why can’t Tom meet Ms. Greenwell today? A. Ms. Greenwell doesn’t prepare well. B. It is not a good day for visits. C. He makes an unannounced visit. 12. Why does Tom come here? A. To call on his investors. B. To have business discussions. C. To attend a conference. 13. What does Tom want Ms. Greenwell to do? A. Give him a call later. B. Meet with him tomorrow. C. Visit his company next week. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the man do previously? A. He cooked food. B. He served customers. C. He gave staff training. 15. Why does the man hesitate to be a host at first? A. He wants a better salary. B. He finds it is too tiring. C. He thinks it is a one-person job. 16. What will the man do? A. Attend another interview. B. Draw up a training plan. C. Submit a formal application. 17. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A. Satisfied. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is probably the speaker? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A student. 19. What causes long- term tiredness in teens according to the speaker? A. The conflict between body clocks and social demands. B. An addiction to screens and social media. C. A preference for drinking energy drinks. 20. What does the speaker tell us in the end? A. How stress affects sleep quality. B. Why teens have trouble waking up early. C. How to arrange time properly before bedtime. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Family Programs at National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) Make us a part of your family fun! During our family programs, families learn together about nature, science, culture and museum collections in interactive, playful, and creative ways. We offer programs free of charge. Just advance booking is needed online. Family Friendly Days Discover the natural and cultural world and your place in it during Family Friendly Days at NMNH, happening throughout the year. Visitors of all ages get the chance to connect to natural history topics through interactive activities, crafts, demonstrations, and conversations with scientists. Play Date at NMNH Play Date at NMNH is a drop-in offering for the early learning audience (0-5 years old) and their caregivers and family members. Families will be able to explore together through stories, objects, art, and play related to a unifying topic or theme during each “Play Date”. Activities provided during the program are designed for families with young learners to learn and play together. The World & Me During monthly The World & Me programs, families discover the natural and cultural world and their place in it. Museum educators will lead a program that combines different hands-on experiences with our museum’s collections related to that month’s theme. Special guest scientists, artists and authors often join to share their connections to the natural and cultural world. These programs are designed for families with children aged 3 to 8. Natural History at Home The exploration of natural history doesn’t have to just happen at the museum — it can happen in your home too! Join museum educators as they walk your family through science skill-building activities, read science and nature books, and introduce ways to explore the natural world and collections. We organize such an activity once a month. 1. What should you do if you want to attend the family programs? A. Join a family club. B. Pay registration fees. C. Order online in advance. D. Hire personal educators. 2. Which program is suitable for a couple just having a baby? A. Family Friendly Days. B. Play Date at NMNH. C. The World & Me. D. Natural History at Home. 3. What do The World & Me and Natural History at Home have in common? A. They organize some related games. B. They hold the programs once a month. C. They show how to explore natural world. D. They invite experts to support their programs. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了国家自然历史博物馆（NMNH）的家庭项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Just advance booking is needed online. (只需要在网上提前预订)”可知，如果你想参加家庭活动，你应该提前在网上订购。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Activities provided during the program are designed for families with young learners to learn and play together. (项目期间提供的活动是为有年幼学习者的家庭设计的，让他们一起学习和玩耍)”可知，Play Date at NMNH适合刚生孩子的夫妇。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“During monthly The World & Me programs, families discover the natural and cultural world and their place in it. (在每月的“世界与我”节目中，家庭探索自然和文化世界以及他们在其中的位置)”以及最后一段“We organize such an activity once a month.(我们每月组织一次这样的活动)”可知，二者的共同点是每月举行一次。故选B。 B Most of us take the task of buying a cup of coffee for granted, as it seems simple enough. However, we have no idea just how stressful tasks like this can be for people who suffer from disabilities. That’s why it’s so heart-warming to see a story like this in which a barista (咖啡师) does something small to make life a little easier for someone who is deaf. Ibby Piracha lost his hearing when he was only two years old, and he now goes to his local cafe in Leesburg, Virginia to order a cup of coffee at least three times a week. Though all the baristas who work there have his order memorized, Ibby always write his order on his phone and shows it to the barista. One day, however, one of the baristas did something that changed everything! After Ibby ordered his coffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a note in response. “I’ve been learning sign language just so you can have the same experience as everyone else,” the note read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he would like to order. Ibby was touched that she would learn sign language just to help him feel welcome. “I was just so moved that she actually wanted to learn sign language. It is really a totally different language and it was something that she wanted to do because of me. Because I was a deaf customer. I was very, very impressed,” Ibby said. Krystal had spent hours watching teaching videos so that she could learn enough sign language to give Ibby the best customer service that she could! “My job is to make sure people have the experience they expect and that’s what I gave him,” Krystal says. Ibby posted a photo of Krystal’s note online, and it quickly went viral, getting hundreds of likes and comments that praised Krystal for her kind action. 4. What can we learn about Ibby Piracha from paragraph 2? A. He was born deaf. B. He lives a hard life. C. He loves to order take-out food. D. He visits the cafe regularly. 5. Why did Krystal learn sign language? A. To serve Ibby better. B. To attract more customers. C. To give Ibby a big surprise. D. To make herself more popular. 6. Which of the following can best describe Krystal? A. Kind and considerate. B. Honest and responsible. C. Sociable and humorous. D. Ambitious and sensitive. 7. What message does the author want to convey in the text? A. Two heads are better than one. B. A small act makes a difference. C. One good turn deserves another. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Ibby的故事，Ibby是个聋哑人，他在买咖啡的时候遇到了一位服务员Krystal，Krystal告诉他，她正在学习手语，希望能够让Ibby拥有和其他人同样的购物体验。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Ibby Piracha lost his hearing when he was only two years old, and he now goes to his local cafe in Leesburg, Virginia to order a cup of coffee at least three times a week.(Ibby Piracha两岁时失聪，现在他每周至少三次去弗吉尼亚州利斯堡当地的咖啡馆点一杯咖啡。)”可知，Ibby Piracha经常去一家咖啡馆。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“After Ibby ordered his coffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a note in response. “I’ve been learning sign language just so you can have the same experience as everyone else,” the note read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he would like to order.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师Krystal Pane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”可知，Krystal学习手语是为了更好地为Ibby服务，让他能和其他人有同样的体验。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“After Ibby ordered his coffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a note in response. “I’ve been learning sign language just so you can have the same experience as everyone else,” the note read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he would like to order.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师Krystal Pane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”以及最后一段“Ibby posted a photo of Krystal’s note online, and it quickly went viral, getting hundreds of likes and comments that praised Krystal for her kind action.( Ibby在网上发布了克里斯托纸条的照片，并迅速走红，得到了数百个赞和评论，称赞krystal的善举。)”可知，Krystal之所以学习手语是为了让Ibby能和其他人有同样的体验，而人们也为她的善举点赞。所以可推测Krystal是个心地善良而又善解人意的人。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That’s why it’s so heart-warming to see a story like this in which a barista (咖啡师) does something small to make life a little easier for someone who is deaf.(这就是为什么看到这样一个咖啡师做了一件小事让聋哑人的生活变得更轻松的故事是如此温暖人心。)”以及文章第四段“Ibby was touched that she would learn sign language just to help him feel welcome. “I was just so moved that she actually wanted to learn sign language. It is really a totally different language and it was something that she wanted to do because of me. Because I was a deaf customer. I was very, very impressed,” Ibby said.( Ibby很感动，她会学习手语，只是为了让他感到受欢迎。“我很感动，她真的想学手语。这真的是一种完全不同的语言，她想做这件事是因为我。因为我是个聋子顾客。我非常非常印象深刻，” Ibby说。)”可知，文章主要想表达的是一个小举动却让Ibby印象深刻，并让他心里充满温暖。故选B。 C The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate ones on the whole. The origin (起源) of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t have much difference from the European culture. At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形) language while the western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the west, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other. The differences are everywhere. They are obvious and make people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world different. But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural difference should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the driving force of our going farther. 8. What is the text mainly about? A. The origin of cultures. B. Culture differences. C. Language systems. D. Colorful world. 9. Why is the American culture similar to the European culture? A. Both of the two cultures have a very long history. B. They have the same mother rivers as the Chinese culture. C. The early settlers from Britain brought their culture to America. D. Both the British and the American live along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. 10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “interference” in paragraph4? A. difference B. influence C. confidence D. environment 11. Where is the passage most likely from? A. A diary. B. A magazine. C. A novel. D. A guidebook. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。东西方文化不同，这是因为文化体统在整体上是独立的。东方文化源自于中国和印度，而西方文化源自于古希腊罗马。语言等也造就了文化差异。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段中的“The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate ones on the whole.”可知，东西方文化不同，这是因为文化体统在整体上是独立的。所以文章是关于文化差异的。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段“When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t have much difference from the European culture.”可知，在英国人在美国定居时，英国的文化随之来到大西洋。因此美国文化与欧洲文化没有太大差异。所以，美国文化与欧洲文化相似是因为早期来自英国的定居者将他们的文化带到了美国。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。由第四段“due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the west, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries.”可知，由于距离远和东西方间的峭壁区域，两种文化在最近几个世纪以前很少交流。因此，交流少就不会对彼此产生影响，就各自以自己的方式成长。所以interference在语境中做“影响”解，故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中的“The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate ones on the whole.”可知，东西方文化不同，这是因为文化体统在整体上是独立的。所以文章是关于文化差异的。这样的文章可能在杂志上出现，故选B项。 D The use of AI (artificial intelligence) is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping. Traditional lines of work, such as goods transport and driving, are developing in a similar direction although mainly out of public view. Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks. “Digital applications—as well as machine leaning, a kind of AI—are increasingly applied to operations and courses in the transport area,” explains Professor Matthias Klumpp from the Faculty of Economics. “The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.” To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications. Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups: the first drove completely following human decision-making models; the second used a combination of human and machine; and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions. The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency. “On average, the second group achieved the most efficient transport trips, with the fewest interventions (干预) and off-course from the best path.” one researcher said, “Clearly, neither a completely human decision-making structure nor a fully automated driving system can promise to meet current goods transport requirements.” The scientists therefore summarized that despite the progress of AI in the field of transportation by truck, human experience and decision-making abilities will still be necessary in the longer term. However, the challenge is that a wide range of training and qualification (资格) needs will come along by working with Al applications, especially for simple goods transport activities. 12. What does Matthias Klumpp focus on? A. The efficiency of AI. B. The advantages of AI. C. The problems caused by AI. D. The wide applications of AI. 13. How did the researchers get the finding? A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By using different trucks. D. By listing three experiments. 14. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Al is better at making decisions. B. A balance is needed between human and AI. C. Human will soon be replaced by AI in driving. D. Al applications meet the current requirements. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The future of transport. B. Artificial intelligence as a co-driver. C. Artificial intelligence-a better choice in driving. D. The strengths of artificial intelligence in transport. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能在许多行业和网上购物中变得越来越普遍。科学家正在研究在卡车的商业管理中，人工智能的使用效率有多高，并通过实验得出结论——人与人工智能并存效率最高。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.”（哥廷根大学的科学家已经开始调查在卡车的商业管理中，人工智能的使用效率有多高）和第二段最后一句“The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.”（然而，在商业领域中的问题是这是不是有助于实现目标）以及第三段第一句“To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications.”（为了回答这个问题，研究人员将卡车司机的工作效率与人工智能的主要应用进行了比较）可知，Matthias Klumpp教授主要关注的是人工智能的效率。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups: the first drove completely following human decision-making models; the second used a combination of human and machine; and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions.”（观察用卡车运送货物，他们研究了三组：第一组完全按照人类的决定的模式来运送，第二组用人类和机器的组合模式，第三组完全自动化的模式）可知，研究人员通过比较三组不同决策模式的司机得出结论的。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency”（研究人员发现人类工作和决策能力与人工智能应用的智能结合有着最高的运输和驾驶效率）可知，人与人工智能并存效率最高，所以需要人类和人工智能之间的平衡。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The use of AI (artificial intelligence) is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping.”（人工智能在许多行业和网上购物中变得越来越普遍）最后一句“Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.”（哥廷根大学的科学家已经开始调查在卡车的商业管理中，人工智能的使用效率有多高）引出要谈论的话题，以及之后引出的实验——对比人和人工智能当司机的效率，最好一段得出结论，人与人工智能并存效率最高，可知，文章最好的标题“人工智能作为共同的司机”，凸显文章主旨。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush (冲走) it all away. ___16___ Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance. The smooth day-to-day operation of our wastewater collection and treatment relies on the cooperation of people to “do the right thing”. Many water management authorities across Australia are in broad agreement: Please don’t pour oils down the sink. They all offer advice on far better alternatives. But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes. ____17____ When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer (下水道) pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify.___18___ According to Western Australia’s Water Corporation, it is estimated that 30% of sewer blockages are due to oils. ___19___ Think about hair and so-called “flushable wipes”. They can build up over time, creating “fatbergs”: horrible masses of wipes, hair,hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems. There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away. ___20___ Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted (制成堆肥). Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin. A. It is really up to us. B. Please don’t do that. C. Blocked sewers are bad for us. D. Some engines can run on cooking oil. E. This is a serious and common problem. F. Cooking oil can actually be recycled and used to make biofuels. G. Oils also cause trouble by combining with other flushed-away materials. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了将用过的食用油倒入下水道会带来一系列问题，并给出了处理食用油更负责任的方法。 【16题详解】 上文“Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush it all away.(你有没有想过把用过的食用油倒进下水道？只要打开水龙头，把它们全部冲走。)”提出了一个设想，即把用过的食用油倒进下水道里然后冲走，下文“Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance.(这种坏习惯不仅会给你的房子、后院或邻居带来问题，而且将这类物质倒入下水道还会给整个废水系统以及负责维护该系统的工作人员带来广泛的问题。)”指出了这种习惯带来的问题，由此可知，把用过的食用油倒进下水道然后冲走是一个坏习惯，会带来一系列问题，所以空白处应是对这一设想的否定，即不要这样做。B选项“请不要这样做”符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes.(但水务行业无法控制我们在家中私密空间的行为。)”可知，水务行业无法控制我们在家里的行为，所以处理用过的食用油这件事取决于我们自己。A选项“这真的取决于我们”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上文“When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify.(油在热的时候通常是液体，可以很容易地倒掉。但在下水道管道里，它们会迅速冷却并凝固。)”可知，油在下水道管道里会迅速冷却并凝固，这是一个严重而普遍的问题。E选项“这是一个严重而普遍的问题”符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Think about hair and so-called ‘flushable wipes’. They can build up over time, creating ‘fatbergs’: horrible masses of wipes, hair, hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems.(想想头发和所谓的‘可冲洗湿巾’。随着时间的推移，它们会不断积累，形成‘脂肪山’：可怕的湿巾、头发、硬化的油脂和其他废物的堆积。油脂就像胶水一样，帮助脂肪山在下水道系统的堵塞点堆积起来。)”可知，油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦，G选项中的also表示递进关系，G选项“油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away.(处理油脂的方法有很多，比仅仅把它们冲走更负责任。)和下文“Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted. Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin.(少量的食用油可以安全地堆肥。甚至只是把油倒进垃圾里也比冲走好。但要记住，把油放进垃圾桶之前，你可能需要先把热油冷却。)”可知，本段介绍了一些处理食用油的更负责任的方法，F选项“食用油实际上可以回收并用来制造生物燃料”也是处理食用油的一种更负责任的方法，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “When I first started learning calligraphy, I just copied the teacher’s strokes (笔画), and my work was ugly.” said Aryan from Afghanistan. He is currently a graduate student in Beijing, ____21____ in International Education of the Chinese language. During his six-year stay in China, he discovered the ____22____ of Chinese culture. He also realized that Chinese is steadily becoming a(n) ____23____ language, and more people around the world want to communicate smoothly with Chinese. To his surprise, the curriculum for foreign students in China ____24____ the classroom. The school organizes extracurricular ____25____ to help them learn and experience ____26____ and culture. After closer and deeper ____27____ with Chinese culture, Aryan found his hobby: calligraphy. “Initially, I didn’t know much Chinese and thought calligraphy would be difficult,” Aryan said.” Later on, I found out that calligraphy can help me ____28____ my Chinese language skills and my understanding of Chinese culture. He used to ____29____ the idea that writing Chinese characters was all about writing them neatly. But he later found out that this view is ____30____.Calligraphy helps him to understand both each stroke and the Chinese ____31____ toward life. The horizontal, vertical (垂直的) and left and right falling stokes on the paper ____32____ Chinese people’s unique symbols and memories. They are also the hidden ____33____ to better understanding Chinese culture. Not only did Aryan gain a deeper ____34____ of Chinese characters, but also developed a more mature personality along the way. Calligraphy gives him strength when he feels ____35____ and lost, finding his inner peace. 21. A. majoring B. settling C. bringing D. resulting 22. A. problem B. pattern C. richness D. resource 23. A. native B. official C. international D. formal 24. A. goes against B. takes up C. takes over D. goes beyond 25. A. conferences B. activities C. subjects D. competitions 26. A. economy B. life C. work D. pleasure 27. A. competition B. content C. combination D. contact 28. A. improve B. recognize C. adjust D. find 29. A. hold B. oppose C. break D. suspect 30. A. positive B. contradictory C. wrong D. objective 31. A. direction B. step C. attitude D. effort 32. A. supply B. represent C. sense D. recall 33. A. responses B. admissions C. reactions D. keys 34. A. function B. ability C. form D. knowledge 35. A. stressed B. inspired C. determined D. interrupted 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北京的一名研究生雅利安学习中文书法的过程以及在学习书法过程中得到一些关于汉字和中国文化的感悟。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他目前是北京的一名研究生，主修汉语国际教育。A. majoring主修；B. settling解决；C. bringing带来；D. resulting导致。根据上文“He is currently a graduate student”提到了他是研究所，所以后文是他主修的课程是汉语国际教育。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国的六年里，他发现了中国文化的丰富多彩。A. problem问题；B. pattern模式；C. richness丰富；D. resource资源。根据后文“of Chinese culture”以及下文他对于书法的感悟可知，在中国的六年里，他发现了中国文化的丰富多彩。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还意识到，汉语正在稳步成为一门国际语言，世界上越来越多的人希望用汉语进行顺畅的交流。A. native本地的；B. official官方的；C. international国际的；D. formal正式的。根据后文“more people around the world want to communicate smoothly with Chinese”可知，世界上越来越多的人希望用汉语进行顺畅的交流，说明汉语正在稳步成为一门国际语言。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，在中国的外国学生的课程不仅仅局限于课堂。A. goes against违背；B. takes up从事；C. takes over接管；D. goes beyond超越。根据后文“The school organizes extracurricular”提到学校组织课外课程，说明课程不仅仅局限于课堂，超越了课堂。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校组织课外活动，帮助他们学习和体验生活和文化。A. conferences会议；B. activities活动；C. subjects科目；D. competitions比赛。根据上文“The school organizes extracurricular”可知，此处指学校组织课外活动，应用activities。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校组织课外活动，帮助他们学习和体验生活和文化。A. economy经济；B. life生活；C. work工作；D. pleasure快乐。根据后文“and culture”以及上文提到组织的是课外活动，所以是体验生活和文化。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与中国文化深入接触后，雅利安发现了自己的爱好：书法。A. competition比赛；B. content内容；C. combination结合；D. contact联系，接触。根据后文“with Chinese culture, Aryan found his hobby: calligraphy”可知，经过深入接触中国文化，雅利安发现了自己的爱好：书法。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我发现书法可以帮助我提高我的汉语水平和我对中国文化的了解。A. improve改善，提高；B. recognize识别；C. adjust调整；D. find找到。根据后文“my Chinese language skills and my understanding of Chinese culture”可知，书法可以帮助他提高汉语水平和对中国文化的了解。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他曾经认为写汉字只要写得整齐就行。A. hold持有；B. oppose反对；C. break打破；D. suspect怀疑。根据后文“the idea that writing Chinese characters was all about writing them neatly”可知，此处为短语hold the idea that表示“认为”。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他后来发现这种观点是错误的。A. positive积极的；B. contradictory矛盾的；C. wrong错误的；D. objective客观的。上文提到他曾经认为写汉字只要写得整齐就行，下文则说书法可以了解中国人的生活态度，可知之前的观点是错误的。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：书法帮助他理解每一笔和中国人的生活态度。A. direction方向；B. step步骤；C. attitude态度；D. effort努力。根据后文“toward life”可知，此处为短语attitude toward表示“对……的态度”。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：纸上横、竖、左、右的笔画代表了中国人独特的符号和记忆。A. supply供应；B. represent代表；C. sense感觉；D. recall回想起。根据后文“Chinese people’s unique symbols and memories”指笔画代表了中国人独特的符号和记忆。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们也是更好地理解中国文化的隐藏钥匙。A. responses回答；B. admissions承认；C. reactions反应；D. keys钥匙。根据空后“to better understanding Chinese culture.”可知，汉字的笔画也是更好地理解中国文化的隐藏钥匙。the key to表示“……的密匙”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：雅利安不仅对汉字有了更深入的了解，而且在这个过程中也发展了更成熟的个性。A. function功能；B. ability能力；C. form形式；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“of Chinese characters”以及上文提到他对书法的感悟可知，对汉字知识有了更深入的了解。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他感到压力和失落时，书法给了他力量，找到了内心的平静。A. stressed有压力的；B. inspired受鼓舞的；C. determined坚定的；D. interrupted中断的。根据后文“and lost”可知，指感到有压力和失落。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To promote various applications of Dunhuang art patterns in daily life design and achieve the development of cultural heritage represented by Dunhuang art patterns, the Chang Shana Design Award in 2021 ____36____ (announce) on January 21. Chang Shana, an outstanding designer and educator in China, was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang ____37____ (begin). Born in France, she returned from Paris with her father and involve ____38____ (they) in the cause of cultural heritage. She was much ____39____ (young) than the other members in the conservation and research team at the Mogao Caves, ____40____ leader was her father Chang Shuhong (1904-1994), ____41____ noted painter and director of the Dunhuang Academy. Chang has spent her entire life carrying on her father’s ____42____ (devote) to Dunhuang. She applied the classic patterns ____43____ her own modern designs in a creative way after conducting research into the variety of patterns ____44____ (find) on the murals (壁画). In the hope that more designers can understand and use the Dunhuang art patterns _____45_____ (appropriate), the competition is also meant to spread Dunhuang culture practice the “Silk Road Spirit” and promote cultural exchanges along with the Belt and Road Initiative. 【答案】36. was announced 37. began 38. themselves 39. younger 40. whose 41. a 42. devotion 43. to 44. found 45. appropriately 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国杰出的设计师和教育家常沙娜以及其父亲对敦煌研究和保护所做出的贡献。 【36题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：句意：为推动敦煌艺术图案在日常生活设计中的各种应用，实现以敦煌艺术图案为代表的文化遗产的发展，1月21日，“2021年常沙娜设计奖”正式颁发。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语on January 21可知，此处使用一般过去时，announce与主语the Chang Shana Design Award之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was announced。 【37题详解】 考查动词谓语动词。句意：中国杰出的设计师和教育家常沙娜13岁时就爱上了敦煌。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据语境与主句中的谓语动词was可知，此处应使用一般过去时，begin与句子主语her love affair之间为主动关系。故填began。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：她出生于法国，随父亲从巴黎回国，投身于文化遗产事业。分析句子结构可知，此处为代词作involve的宾语，结合句意可知，所以此处应使用反身代词，指的是上文中的she 和her father，they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：她比莫高窟保护和研究小组的其他成员年轻得多，莫高窟保护和研究小组的组长是她的父亲常书鸿（1904—1994）——著名画家以及敦煌研究院院长。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，根据空后的than可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级。故填younger。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她比莫高窟保护和研究小组的其他成员年轻得多，莫高窟保护和研究小组的组长是她的父亲常书鸿（1904—1994）——著名画家以及敦煌研究院院长。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the conservation and research team与空后的名词leader之间为所属关系，所以此处使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语。故填whose。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她比莫高窟保护和研究小组的其他成员年轻得多，莫高窟保护和研究小组的组长是她的父亲常书鸿（1904—1994）——著名画家以及敦煌研究院院长。分析句子结构可知，painter与director为可数名词单数，结合句意可知，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且noted是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：常一生都在继承父亲对敦煌的热爱。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，devote的名词为devotion意为“热爱，忠诚”且为不可数名词。故填devotion。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：她在对壁画上的各种图案进行研究后，以创造性的方式将经典图案应用到自己的现代设计中。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语apply to，意为“应用”符合句意。故填to。 【44题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：她在对壁画上的各种图案进行研究后，以创造性的方式将经典图案应用到自己的现代设计中。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词patterns，find与patterns之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填found。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：希望更多的设计师能够理解和适当运用敦煌艺术图案，传播敦煌文化实践的“丝绸之路精神”，促进“一带一路”的文化交流。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词use应用副词作状语，appropriate的副词形式为appropriately意为“适当地”符合句意。故填appropriately。 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 46. They must have a v________ (生动的；鲜明的) imagination and a strong intuition. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】vivid##ivid 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们一定拥有生动的想象力和敏锐的直觉。根据首字母提示和汉语意思“生动的；鲜明的”及名词“imagination”可知，此空是形容词vivid，作定语。故填vivid。 47. He realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and d________ (保卫) the country. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】defend##efend 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保卫国家。根据首字母提示、汉语意思“保卫”及“to protect and”可知，此空是动词原形defend。to protect and defend the country作目的状语。故填defend。 48. What might have made him such an o________ (杰出的；优秀的) and creative scientist was his strong interest in other things. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】outstanding##utstanding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：让他成为如此杰出且富有创造力的科学家的，可能是他对其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 根据不定冠词“an”、首字母提示、汉语意思“杰出的；优秀的”及名词“scientist”可知，此空是以元音音素开头的形容词outstanding，作定语。故填outstanding。 49. Other students are not m_______ (成熟的) enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】mature##ature 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：其他学生还不够成熟，无法独自应对挑战，可能会变得沮丧。“成熟的”作表语，结合首字母提示，用形容词mature，表明主语的属性。故填mature。 50. Students who want to study abroad must consider their parents’ b________ (预算). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】budget##udget 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：想要出国留学的学生必须考虑父母的预算。根据首字母提示和汉语意思“预算”可知，此空是名词budget，作宾语。故填budget。 51. Finally, a f________ (根本的) key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】fundamental##undamental 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，健康饮食的一个根本关键是细嚼慢咽。根据汉语提示及首字母可知，此处使用形容词fundamental，作定语，修饰名词key。故填fundamental。 52. Her dress at the party is so e________ (优雅的) that many people think its style will be popular with young women. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】elegant##legant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她在派对上穿的裙子非常优雅，以至于很多人认为这个款式会受到年轻女性的欢迎。根据汉语提示及首字母可知，此处使用形容词elegant，作表语，与is构成系表结构。故填elegant。 53. His best friend said that at a m________ (最少量), he should spare half an hour to engage in after-school activities each day. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】minimum##inimum 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他最好的朋友说，他每天至少应该抽出半小时参加课外活动。根据首字母提示、汉语意思“最少量”及“at a”可知， 此空是名词minimum，作宾语。故填minimum。 54. There is no one t________ (诀窍) to healthy eating. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】trick##rick 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：健康饮食并没有单一的诀窍。根据首字母提示、汉语意思“诀窍”及“no one”可知，此处是名词trick，作主语。故填trick。 55. One h________(精彩之处) of their trip was being able to see many different creatures. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】highlight##ighlight 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们这次旅行的一大亮点就是能够看到许多不同的生物。数词one之后应接名词的单数形式，作主语，根据汉语提示及句意可知应填名词highlight。故填highlight。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友David发邮件向你询问中国传统美食的相关情况。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）中国传统美食的特点； （2）介绍你最喜欢的家乡菜； （3）邀请他到你家做客。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear David, I’d like to write about traditional Chinese cuisine, which is famous for its rich flavors and various cooking methods like stir-frying, steaming, and boiling. It also uses a wide range of ingredients, making each dish unique. My favorite hometown dish is Hong Shao Rou (Red Braised Pork belly), being part of our food culture. It’s a classic dish that you can find in almost every restaurant in China. The pork belly with sweet and savory sauce is cooked until it’s tender and melts in your mouth. It can bring you comfort and warmth, no matter where you are. I hope you can come to my home and try the delicious dishes of my family. I’m sure you’ll love them. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生向英国好友David介绍中国传统美食的特点；介绍你最喜欢的家乡菜以及邀请他到家做客。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 出名的：famous → well-known 传统的：traditional → conventional 喜欢：love → be fond of 美味的：delicious → tasty 2.句式拓展： 原句：My favorite hometown dish is Hong Shao Rou (Red Braised Pork belly), being part of our food culture. 拓展句：My favorite hometown dish is Hong Shao Rou (Red Braised Pork belly), which is part of our food culture. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】 I’d like to write about traditional Chinese cuisine, which is famous for its rich flavors and various cooking methods like stir-frying, steaming, and boiling.（运用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 ） 【高分句型 2】The pork belly with sweet and savory sauce is cooked until it’s tender and melts in your mouth.（运用 until 引导的时间状语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As the next school’s concert band took their places onstage, the stage lights in the music hall dimmed. a young man, the First Chair violinist (首席小提琴) , called upon each section to play, tuning them with precision and grace. The moment the musical director appeared, a wave of applause filled the air. The annual High School Music Festival was the highlight of my year. As a music teacher, I never missed a session, always amazed by the extraordinary talents the musical directors inspired in their students. But this year might be my last visit. With age catching up, my desire for retirement was growing stronger. Honestly, there was always a touch of dissatisfaction and envy in my heart as I watched these school bands, because I had never been able to develop a band to this level. I taught in a small primary school. My students played beginner music, and they were happy when we managed to play from the start all the way to the end of a piece, with all the instruments finishing together. The complexities of full tone, dynamic control, and balance were beyond their abilities. As the band opened with their first piece, the striking sound of violins, accompanied by the lively notes of pianos, set my heart pounding. Wouldn’t it be great to be the musical director for one of these massive high school bands? I thought as the music transported me. When the last notes rang out, there was a brief silence before thunderous applause erupted. My aging eyes scanned the stage, seeking familiar faces among the performers. But my vision was no longer sharp enough to recognize anyone. During the tea break, I headed toward the entrance hall. “Miss Jones! ” a young man’s voice cut through the crowd. I recognized the concert uniform he was wearing. It was the very violinist I had been admiring. Puzzled, I searched his face for familiar features. It turned out to be Bradley, a former student of mine who was difficult to forget. Schoolwork had been hard for him, and he had struggled through all his subjects. It was a pleasant surprise to meet him here. We sat down and had a chat. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I remembered the day when he asked to join the school band. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was still smiling as I made my way back to the music hall. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 I remembered the day when he asked to join the school band. I was initially hesitant, aware of his academic struggles and the complexity of the music we were rehearsing. Yet, the determined gleam in little Bradley’s eyes moved me. I agreed, tailoring parts of the music piece to let him shine without being overwhelmed. “It was you who set me on the music path,” Bradley spoke with gratitude. He then recounted his musical journey with the violin, from junior to senior high school, ultimately landing the lead role of First Chair in his school’s concert band. I listened attentively, amazed at the transformative power of music. As he returned to his band, a proud smile spread across my face. I was still smiling as I made my way back to the music hall. As I took my seat, my heart swelled with quiet pride in knowing the role I had played in a young man’s music journey. The lights dimmed again, and the stage came alive with the energy of young musicians. They began to play, each note resonating with the memory of the first tentative sounds my students had made under my guidance. As the final piece began, I closed my eyes, letting the music wash over me. The music hall, once a place of my longing and unfulfilled dreams, now echoed with a life well-spent in the service of art and education. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是音乐老师，即将退休。某次观看隔壁学校乐队演奏的时候，作者遇到了自己以前的学生布拉德利，回忆起了以前是如何鼓励布拉德利，以及他如何成为学校音乐会乐队的首席。作者为学生感到骄傲，也惊讶于音乐的强大力量。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我记得他要求加入学校乐队的那一天”可知，第一段可描写作者回忆起了布拉德利的过去以及布拉德利讲述自己的经历。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我回到音乐厅的路上，我仍然面带微笑”可知，第二段可描写作者对这次会面的一些感悟。 2.续写线索：回忆过去——布拉德利讲述经历——作者惊讶于音乐的力量——作者为布拉德利感到骄傲——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①坐下：take seat/sit down ②意识到：aware of/realize ③返回：return to/get back to 情绪类 ①惊讶：amazed/surprised ②感激：gratitude/thankfulness 【点睛】[高分句型1] As he returned to his band, a proud smile spread across my face. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] They began to play, each note resonating with the memory of the first tentative sounds my students had made under my guidance. (运用了独立主格结构及省略that的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 1月份教学诊断检测高二英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 第一部分 听力 (共30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What do we know about Mrs. Black? A. She’s from Germany. B. She has a British accent. C. She taught science before. 2. When will the woman’s flight take off tomorrow? A. At 8: 00 am. B. At 9: 00 am. C. At 11: 00 am. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Travel to France. B. Learn more French words. C. Research into French culture. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. How to cope with stress. B. How to keep healthy. C. How to prepare for exams. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What might the man be? A. A publisher. B. A writer. C. An editor. 7. What is the woman doing? A. Cheering the man up. B. Doing an interview. C. Recommending a book. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In a supermarket. B. At a university. C. At home. 9. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s idea? A. Understanding. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. 10. What does the woman suggest the man do about changing majors? A. Handle challenges flexibly. B. Ask his professors for advice. C. Consider career prospects in the field. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why can’t Tom meet Ms. Greenwell today? A. Ms. Greenwell doesn’t prepare well. B. It is not a good day for visits. C. He makes an unannounced visit. 12. Why does Tom come here? A. To call on his investors. B. To have business discussions. C. To attend a conference. 13. What does Tom want Ms. Greenwell to do? A. Give him a call later. B. Meet with him tomorrow. C. Visit his company next week. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the man do previously? A. He cooked food. B. He served customers. C. He gave staff training. 15. Why does the man hesitate to be a host at first? A. He wants a better salary. B. He finds it is too tiring. C. He thinks it is a one-person job. 16. What will the man do? A. Attend another interview. B. Draw up a training plan. C. Submit a formal application. 17. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A. Satisfied. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is probably the speaker? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A student. 19. What causes long- term tiredness in teens according to the speaker? A. The conflict between body clocks and social demands. B. An addiction to screens and social media. C. A preference for drinking energy drinks. 20. What does the speaker tell us in the end? A. How stress affects sleep quality. B. Why teens have trouble waking up early. C. How to arrange time properly before bedtime. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Family Programs at National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) Make us a part of your family fun! During our family programs, families learn together about nature, science, culture and museum collections in interactive, playful, and creative ways. We offer programs free of charge. Just advance booking is needed online. Family Friendly Days Discover the natural and cultural world and your place in it during Family Friendly Days at NMNH, happening throughout the year. Visitors of all ages get the chance to connect to natural history topics through interactive activities, crafts, demonstrations, and conversations with scientists. Play Date at NMNH Play Date at NMNH is a drop-in offering for the early learning audience (0-5 years old) and their caregivers and family members. Families will be able to explore together through stories, objects, art, and play related to a unifying topic or theme during each “Play Date”. Activities provided during the program are designed for families with young learners to learn and play together. The World & Me During monthly The World & Me programs, families discover the natural and cultural world and their place in it. Museum educators will lead a program that combines different hands-on experiences with our museum’s collections related to that month’s theme. Special guest scientists, artists and authors often join to share their connections to the natural and cultural world. These programs are designed for families with children aged 3 to 8. Natural History at Home The exploration of natural history doesn’t have to just happen at the museum — it can happen in your home too! Join museum educators as they walk your family through science skill-building activities, read science and nature books, and introduce ways to explore the natural world and collections. We organize such an activity once a month. 1. What should you do if you want to attend the family programs? A. Join a family club. B. Pay registration fees. C. Order online in advance. D. Hire personal educators. 2. Which program is suitable for a couple just having a baby? A. Family Friendly Days. B. Play Date at NMNH. C. The World & Me. D. Natural History at Home. 3. What do The World & Me and Natural History at Home have in common? A. They organize some related games. B. They hold the programs once a month. C. They show how to explore natural world. D. They invite experts to support their programs. B Most of us take the task of buying a cup of coffee for granted, as it seems simple enough. However, we have no idea just how stressful tasks like this can be for people who suffer from disabilities. That’s why it’s so heart-warming to see a story like this in which a barista (咖啡师) does something small to make life a little easier for someone who is deaf. Ibby Piracha lost his hearing when he was only two years old, and he now goes to his local cafe in Leesburg, Virginia to order a cup of coffee at least three times a week. Though all the baristas who work there have his order memorized, Ibby always write his order on his phone and shows it to the barista. One day, however, one of the baristas did something that changed everything! After Ibby ordered his coffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a note in response. “I’ve been learning sign language just so you can have the same experience as everyone else,” the note read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he would like to order. Ibby was touched that she would learn sign language just to help him feel welcome. “I was just so moved that she actually wanted to learn sign language. It is really a totally different language and it was something that she wanted to do because of me. Because I was a deaf customer. I was very, very impressed,” Ibby said. Krystal had spent hours watching teaching videos so that she could learn enough sign language to give Ibby the best customer service that she could! “My job is to make sure people have the experience they expect and that’s what I gave him,” Krystal says. Ibby posted a photo of Krystal’s note online, and it quickly went viral, getting hundreds of likes and comments that praised Krystal for her kind action. 4. What can we learn about Ibby Piracha from paragraph 2? A. He was born deaf. B. He lives a hard life. C. He loves to order take-out food. D. He visits the cafe regularly. 5. Why did Krystal learn sign language? A. To serve Ibby better. B. To attract more customers. C. To give Ibby a big surprise. D. To make herself more popular. 6. Which of the following can best describe Krystal? A. Kind and considerate. B. Honest and responsible. C. Sociable and humorous. D. Ambitious and sensitive. 7. What message does the author want to convey in the text? A. Two heads are better than one. B. A small act makes a difference. C. One good turn deserves another. D. Actions speak louder than words. C The cultures of the East and the West are really different from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate ones on the whole. The origin (起源) of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t have much difference from the European culture. At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形) language while the western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the west, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other. The differences are everywhere. They are obvious and make people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world different. But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural difference should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the driving force of our going farther. 8. What is the text mainly about? A. The origin of cultures. B. Culture differences. C. Language systems. D. Colorful world. 9. Why is the American culture similar to the European culture? A. Both of the two cultures have a very long history. B. They have the same mother rivers as the Chinese culture. C. The early settlers from Britain brought their culture to America. D. Both the British and the American live along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. 10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “interference” in paragraph4? A. difference B. influence C. confidence D. environment 11. Where is the passage most likely from? A. A diary. B. A magazine. C. A novel. D. A guidebook. D The use of AI (artificial intelligence) is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping. Traditional lines of work, such as goods transport and driving, are developing in a similar direction although mainly out of public view. Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient (高效的) the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks. “Digital applications—as well as machine leaning, a kind of AI—are increasingly applied to operations and courses in the transport area,” explains Professor Matthias Klumpp from the Faculty of Economics. “The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.” To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications. Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups: the first drove completely following human decision-making models; the second used a combination of human and machine; and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions. The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency. “On average, the second group achieved the most efficient transport trips, with the fewest interventions (干预) and off-course from the best path.” one researcher said, “Clearly, neither a completely human decision-making structure nor a fully automated driving system can promise to meet current goods transport requirements.” The scientists therefore summarized that despite the progress of AI in the field of transportation by truck, human experience and decision-making abilities will still be necessary in the longer term. However, the challenge is that a wide range of training and qualification (资格) needs will come along by working with Al applications, especially for simple goods transport activities. 12. What does Matthias Klumpp focus on? A. The efficiency of AI. B. The advantages of AI. C. The problems caused by AI. D. The wide applications of AI. 13. How did the researchers get the finding? A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By using different trucks. D. By listing three experiments. 14. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Al is better at making decisions. B. A balance is needed between human and AI. C. Human will soon be replaced by AI in driving. D. Al applications meet the current requirements. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The future of transport. B. Artificial intelligence as a co-driver. C. Artificial intelligence-a better choice in driving. D. The strengths of artificial intelligence in transport. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush (冲走) it all away. ___16___ Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance. The smooth day-to-day operation of our wastewater collection and treatment relies on the cooperation of people to “do the right thing”. Many water management authorities across Australia are in broad agreement: Please don’t pour oils down the sink. They all offer advice on far better alternatives. But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes. ____17____ When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer (下水道) pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify.___18___ According to Western Australia’s Water Corporation, it is estimated that 30% of sewer blockages are due to oils. ___19___ Think about hair and so-called “flushable wipes”. They can build up over time, creating “fatbergs”: horrible masses of wipes, hair,hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems. There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away. ___20___ Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted (制成堆肥). Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin. A. It is really up to us. B. Please don’t do that. C. Blocked sewers are bad for us. D. Some engines can run on cooking oil. E. This is a serious and common problem. F. Cooking oil can actually be recycled and used to make biofuels. G. Oils also cause trouble by combining with other flushed-away materials. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “When I first started learning calligraphy, I just copied the teacher’s strokes (笔画), and my work was ugly.” said Aryan from Afghanistan. He is currently a graduate student in Beijing, ____21____ in International Education of the Chinese language. During his six-year stay in China, he discovered the ____22____ of Chinese culture. He also realized that Chinese is steadily becoming a(n) ____23____ language, and more people around the world want to communicate smoothly with Chinese. To his surprise, the curriculum for foreign students in China ____24____ the classroom. The school organizes extracurricular ____25____ to help them learn and experience ____26____ and culture. After closer and deeper ____27____ with Chinese culture, Aryan found his hobby: calligraphy. “Initially, I didn’t know much Chinese and thought calligraphy would be difficult,” Aryan said.” Later on, I found out that calligraphy can help me ____28____ my Chinese language skills and my understanding of Chinese culture. He used to ____29____ the idea that writing Chinese characters was all about writing them neatly. But he later found out that this view is ____30____.Calligraphy helps him to understand both each stroke and the Chinese ____31____ toward life. The horizontal, vertical (垂直的) and left and right falling stokes on the paper ____32____ Chinese people’s unique symbols and memories. They are also the hidden ____33____ to better understanding Chinese culture. Not only did Aryan gain a deeper ____34____ of Chinese characters, but also developed a more mature personality along the way. Calligraphy gives him strength when he feels ____35____ and lost, finding his inner peace. 21. A. majoring B. settling C. bringing D. resulting 22. A. problem B. pattern C. richness D. resource 23. A. native B. official C. international D. formal 24. A. goes against B. takes up C. takes over D. goes beyond 25. A. conferences B. activities C. subjects D. competitions 26. A. economy B. life C. work D. pleasure 27. A. competition B. content C. combination D. contact 28. A. improve B. recognize C. adjust D. find 29. A. hold B. oppose C. break D. suspect 30. A. positive B. contradictory C. wrong D. objective 31. A. direction B. step C. attitude D. effort 32. A. supply B. represent C. sense D. recall 33. A. responses B. admissions C. reactions D. keys 34. A. function B. ability C. form D. knowledge 35. A. stressed B. inspired C. determined D. interrupted 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To promote various applications of Dunhuang art patterns in daily life design and achieve the development of cultural heritage represented by Dunhuang art patterns, the Chang Shana Design Award in 2021 ____36____ (announce) on January 21. Chang Shana, an outstanding designer and educator in China, was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang ____37____ (begin). Born in France, she returned from Paris with her father and involve ____38____ (they) in the cause of cultural heritage. She was much ____39____ (young) than the other members in the conservation and research team at the Mogao Caves, ____40____ leader was her father Chang Shuhong (1904-1994), ____41____ noted painter and director of the Dunhuang Academy. Chang has spent her entire life carrying on her father’s ____42____ (devote) to Dunhuang. She applied the classic patterns ____43____ her own modern designs in a creative way after conducting research into the variety of patterns ____44____ (find) on the murals (壁画). In the hope that more designers can understand and use the Dunhuang art patterns _____45_____ (appropriate), the competition is also meant to spread Dunhuang culture practice the “Silk Road Spirit” and promote cultural exchanges along with the Belt and Road Initiative. 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 46. They must have a v________ (生动的；鲜明的) imagination and a strong intuition. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. He realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and d________ (保卫) the country. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. What might have made him such an o________ (杰出的；优秀的) and creative scientist was his strong interest in other things. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. Other students are not m_______ (成熟的) enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. Students who want to study abroad must consider their parents’ b________ (预算). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. Finally, a f________ (根本的) key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52. Her dress at the party is so e________ (优雅的) that many people think its style will be popular with young women. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. His best friend said that at a m________ (最少量), he should spare half an hour to engage in after-school activities each day. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. There is no one t________ (诀窍) to healthy eating. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 55. One h________(精彩之处) of their trip was being able to see many different creatures. (根据中英文提示填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友David发邮件向你询问中国传统美食的相关情况。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）中国传统美食的特点； （2）介绍你最喜欢的家乡菜； （3）邀请他到你家做客。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As the next school’s concert band took their places onstage, the stage lights in the music hall dimmed. a young man, the First Chair violinist (首席小提琴) , called upon each section to play, tuning them with precision and grace. The moment the musical director appeared, a wave of applause filled the air. The annual High School Music Festival was the highlight of my year. As a music teacher, I never missed a session, always amazed by the extraordinary talents the musical directors inspired in their students. But this year might be my last visit. With age catching up, my desire for retirement was growing stronger. Honestly, there was always a touch of dissatisfaction and envy in my heart as I watched these school bands, because I had never been able to develop a band to this level. I taught in a small primary school. My students played beginner music, and they were happy when we managed to play from the start all the way to the end of a piece, with all the instruments finishing together. The complexities of full tone, dynamic control, and balance were beyond their abilities. As the band opened with their first piece, the striking sound of violins, accompanied by the lively notes of pianos, set my heart pounding. Wouldn’t it be great to be the musical director for one of these massive high school bands? I thought as the music transported me. When the last notes rang out, there was a brief silence before thunderous applause erupted. My aging eyes scanned the stage, seeking familiar faces among the performers. But my vision was no longer sharp enough to recognize anyone. During the tea break, I headed toward the entrance hall. “Miss Jones! ” a young man’s voice cut through the crowd. I recognized the concert uniform he was wearing. It was the very violinist I had been admiring. Puzzled, I searched his face for familiar features. It turned out to be Bradley, a former student of mine who was difficult to forget. Schoolwork had been hard for him, and he had struggled through all his subjects. It was a pleasant surprise to meet him here. We sat down and had a chat. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I remembered the day when he asked to join the school band. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was still smiling as I made my way back to the music hall. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $