Unit 5 Sport 体育运动与健康（话题阅读精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级下册

Unit 5 Sport 人与社会：体育运动与健康 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 270 介绍了第十五届全运会吉祥物的设计、昵称由来、受欢迎的原因及文化内涵。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 275 介绍了重庆的一项受欢迎的足球运动——重庆超级联赛（Yuchao） 真题 示例 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 340 介绍了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣。 Passage B 阅读还原 说明文 305 主要讲述了现代医学进步带来的健康变化，以及随之产生的新健康问题，如缺乏运动、不良饮食习惯、吸烟和电子设备使用等。 模拟 演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 240 讲述作者曾经是一个很胖的女孩，在医生建议下成功减肥的故事。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 312 讲述了中国部分城市将BMI纳入中考体育考试的政策背景、具体案例以及该政策对学生健康意识的双重影响。 Passage C 阅读匹配 说明文 400 介绍了六个不同的社会实践项目，根据每位学生的需求选择最适合他们参加的项目。 Passage D 阅读还原 说明文 226 主要介绍了八段锦。 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A ①When the 15th National Games started in Guangzhou, its official mascots (吉祥物), “Xiyangyang” and “Lerongrong”, soon became stars on the Internet. They even got the nickname “Dawan Chickens”(Dawan stands for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area). This lovely name made the mascots loved by people all over the country and got millions of views online. ②The mascots are designed after Chinese white dolphins. There are three-colored waves on their heads. The colors stand for Guangdong’ s kapok (木棉花) red, Hong Kong’ s bauhinia (紫荆花) purple and Macao’s lotus (莲花) green. This shows the unity of the three places. But their round bodies and lively poses made people think of Guangdong’s famous chicken dishes, so this funny nickname came into being. Liu Pingyun, the head of the design team, was happy with this public understanding. ③The mascots are also popular because of their energetic shows. Students from local martial arts (武术) schools dress up as them. They practiced for months to put on flexible acts, like spinning and dancing. Their lively performances made them loved by people online. Outside the sports fields, products with their images are very popular. Many of these products were sold out quickly. ④Besides being cute, the “Dawan Chickens” have deep cultural meanings. They stand for the Greater Bay Area’s culture and the sports spirit of athletes. The combination of the official design ideas and the public’s creativity makes the Games more fun. It also shows our cultural confidence. As these loved mascots keep attracting people both online and offline, they have become a nice bridge that connects sports, culture and people’s excitement. 1．Why are the mascots’ heads designed in three colors? A．They are the traditional colors of Chinese sports events. B．The design team thought these colors look lively together. C．These colors are the most popular in the Greater Bay Area. D．They are the symbols of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. 2．What can we know about the mascots’ performances in Paragraph 3? A．The shows are easy to put on without much practice. B．The lively acts help the mascots get more popularity. C．The performances don’t include spinning and dancing. D．The performers are professional dancers from other cities. 3．What does the popularity of the mascots’ products show? A．The products are cheap and easy to buy. B．The National Games only focuses on selling mascot products. C．The mascots have successfully won people’s love and support. D．People are more interested in products than the mascots themselves. 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．The cultural meanings of “Dawan Chickens” have different sides. B．The design idea of “Dawan Chickens” comes from chicken dishes. C．The purpose of “Dawan Chickens” was mainly to interest more people. D．The nickname of “Dawan Chickens” made the designer feel unhappy. 5．Where can you read this passage? A．In a storybook.B．In a newspaper. C．In a guidebook. D．In a science-fiction book. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了第十五届全运会吉祥物的设计、昵称由来、受欢迎的原因及文化内涵。 1．细节理解题。根据“The colors stand for Guangdong’s kapok red, Hong Kong’s bauhinia purple and Macao’s lotus green. This shows the unity of the three places.” 可知，三种颜色分别代表广东、香港和澳门，故选D。 2．细节理解题。文章第③段描述了学生们装扮成吉祥物进行灵活表演（如旋转、跳舞），并提到“Their lively performances made them loved by people online”，说明这些生动表演提升了吉祥物的受欢迎程度，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“products with their images are very popular. Many of these products were sold out quickly.”可知， 产品的热销反映了公众对吉祥物的喜爱和支持，故选C。 4．细节理解题。文中第④段指出吉祥物不仅可爱，还具有深刻的文化意义（deep cultural meanings），象征大湾区文化和体育精神，体现了多方面的文化内涵，因此选项A正确。其他选项与文章内容不符：B错误（设计原型是白海豚，不是鸡肉菜肴）；C片面（主要目的不仅是吸引兴趣）；D错误（设计师对昵称感到高兴，见第②段）。故选A。 5．推理判断题。文章以新闻报道的形式介绍了全运会吉祥物的设计、受欢迎原因和文化意义，语言风格客观、信息性强，符合报纸文章的特点。其他选项（故事书、指南、科幻小说）与文体不符。故选B。 长难句解析 1. 原句：（第1段1句）When the 15th National Games started in Guangzhou, its official mascots (吉祥物), “Xiyangyang” and “Lerongrong”, soon became stars on the Internet. 2. 译文:当第十五届全运会在广州开幕时，其官方吉祥物“祥祥”和“荣荣”很快成为了网络明星。 3. 分析：本句是主从复合句。When the 15th National Games started in Guangzhou是时间状语从句，其中When是引导词，the 15th National Games是从句主语，started是谓语，in Guangzhou是地点状语；主句中its official mascots是主语， “Xiyangyang” and “Lerongrong”是对mascots的补充说明，soon是时间副词作状语，became是谓语，stars是宾语，on the Internet是地点状语。 核心词汇 4.  ①National Games 全运会 ②mascot n. 吉祥物 ③nickname n. 昵称 ④Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 粤港澳大湾区 ⑤Chinese white dolphin 中华白海豚 ⑥wave n. 波浪 ⑦kapok n. 木棉花 ⑧bauhinia n. 紫荆花 ⑨lotus n. 莲花 ⑩unity n. 团结 ⑪pose n. 姿势 ⑫martial arts 武术 ⑬dress up 装扮 ⑭flexible adj. 灵活的 ⑮spin v. 旋转 ⑯performances n. 表演（performance的复数） ⑰image n. 形象 ⑱cultural adj. 文化的 ⑲spirit n. 精神 ⑳confidence n. 信心 译文  ①第十五届全运会在广州开幕时，其官方吉祥物“喜洋洋”和“乐融融”很快在互联网上成为了明星。它们甚至还获得了“湾湾鸡”的昵称（“湾湾”代表粤港澳大湾区）。这个可爱的名字让这两个吉祥物受到了全国人民的喜爱，在网上获得了数百万的关注。 ②这些吉祥物的设计灵感来源于中华白海豚。它们的头顶上有三色波浪图案。这三种颜色分别代表广东的木棉花红、香港的紫荆花紫和澳门的莲花绿。这体现了三地的团结。但它们圆滚滚的身体和活泼的姿态让人们联想到了广东著名的鸡肉菜肴，于是这个有趣的昵称就诞生了。设计团队负责人刘平云对公众的这种理解感到很高兴。 ③这些吉祥物也因其活力四射的表演而受到欢迎。当地武术学校的学生们装扮成它们的样子。他们为了献上灵活的表演，像旋转和跳舞，练习了好几个月。他们生动活泼的表演让它们在网上受到了人们的喜爱。在运动场之外，印有它们形象的产品也非常畅销。很多这类产品很快就售罄了。 ④“湾湾鸡”不仅可爱，还具有深刻的文化内涵。它们象征着大湾区的文化以及运动员们的体育精神。官方设计理念与公众创造力的结合让全运会变得更加有趣，也展现了我们的文化自信。随着这些备受喜爱的吉祥物不断吸引着线上和线下的人们，它们已成为一座连接体育、文化和人们热情的美好桥梁。 Passage B In Chongqing, a popular football movement is growing—the Chongqing Super League, or Yuchao. Unlike professional football, it is a well-run amateur (业余的) league for common people, whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan. Started over 10 years ago, it has become an important part of local life. This year, 41 teams from different parts of Chongqing are taking part. It started in September, and the final match will come in April 2026. What’s special is that each team’s name has strong local colors, showing Chongqing’s culture clearly. Some are named after natural views, like Wushan Red Leaf Team. It gets its name from Wushan’s beautiful red leaves in autumn. Some are named after its local food—Rongchang Braised Goose Team honors the city’s famous braised goose, while Chengkou Old Cured Meat Team comes from Chengkou’s traditional cured meat. There are also teams named after local history or culture. Pengshui Chiyou God of War shows great honor to the ancestor of Miao people. Dazu Rock Carvings Team gets ideas from this World Cultural Heritage (世界文化遗产). Though facing some difficulties, such as being short of money, Yuchao is still developing fast. It is more than matches. It builds local pride, supports local businesses like sports shops and restaurants around. This league also works as a bridge between the amateur football players and the professional clubs. It also creates a lasting football culture with lifelong fans and players. It may help our national football team as well. Besides, it works as showcases (展示平台) for cultural tourism of different districts and counties. Yuchao is writing a wonderful part in China’s grassroots (草根) football story. 1．According to the passage, which of the following about Yuchao is NOT true? A．It started more than 10 years ago. B．The players are just common people. C．People need to spend much money on the ticket. D．At present, the final winner of this year hasn’t come out yet. 2．According to its naming rules, which team is Zhongxian Three Kingdoms Team similar to? A．Dazu Rock Carvings Team. B．Wushan Red Leaf Team. C．Rongchang Braised Goose Team. D．Chengkou Old Cured Meat Team. 3．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A．Yuchao provides a big business for the local tourism. B．Yuchao is a waste of time and money for the common players. C．Yuchao is getting more and more popular with the local people. D．Yuchao offers a possibility for some players to enter the professional clubs. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The future about Yuchao. B．The influence of Yuchao. C．The difficulty of Yuchao. D．The development of Yuchao. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了重庆的一项受欢迎的足球运动——重庆超级联赛（Yuchao），这是一个组织良好的业余联赛，面向普通民众，票价低廉，具有浓厚的地方特色，对当地生活、经济和文化产生了积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Unlike professional football, it is a well-run amateur (业余的) league for common people, whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan.”可知，重庆超级联赛的票价只需6到8元，并不需要花费很多钱。因此，选项C“人们需要花很多钱买票”是不正确的。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“There are also teams named after local history or culture. Pengshui Chiyou God of War shows great honor to the ancestor of Miao people. Dazu Rock Carvings Team gets ideas from this World Cultural Heritage (世界文化遗产).”可知，以当地历史或文化命名的队伍中，彭水蚩尤战神队是对苗族祖先的致敬，而大足石刻队则是从世界文化遗产中汲取灵感。忠县三国队，从名字上看，也是与历史文化相关，因此与大足石刻队在命名规则上相似。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段画线句“This league also works as a bridge between the amateur football players and the professional clubs.”可知，这个联赛还起到了业余足球运动员和职业俱乐部之间的桥梁作用。由此可推断，这个联赛为一些球员提供了进入职业俱乐部的可能性。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。文章最后一段主要讲述了重庆超级联赛虽然面临一些困难，但仍在快速发展，并且它不仅仅是一场比赛，它建立了当地的自豪感，支持了当地的企业，如体育用品店和餐馆，还作为业余足球运动员和职业俱乐部之间的桥梁，创造了持久的足球文化，有助于国家足球队，同时也作为不同地区和县的文化旅游展示平台。因此，这一段主要讲述了重庆超级联赛的影响。故选B。 长难句解析 原句：（第1 段 2句）Unlike professional football, it is a well - run amateur (业余的) league for common people, whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan. 译文:句意：与职业足球不同，它是一个组织良好的面向普通人的业余联赛，其门票只需6到8元。 分析：本句是主系表结构。Unlike professional football是介词短语作状语，it是主语，指代前面提到的the Chongqing Super League；is是系动词；a well - run amateur league for common people是表语；whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词league，在从句中whose作定语，修饰ticket。 核心词汇 5. ①football n. 足球 ②league n. 联赛 ③amateur adj. 业余的 ④common adj. 普通的 ⑤ticket n. 门票 ⑥local adj. 当地的 ⑦team n. 队伍 ⑧match n. 比赛 ⑨name n./v. 名字；命名 ⑩natural adj. 自然的 ⑪view n. 景色 ⑫food n. 食物 ⑬history n. 历史 ⑭culture n. 文化 ⑮ancestor n. 祖先 ⑯heritage n. 遗产 ⑰difficulty n. 困难 ⑱pride n. 自豪感 ⑲business n. 商业 ⑳bridge n. 桥梁 译文 在重庆，一项受欢迎的足球运动正蓬勃发展——重庆超级联赛，即渝超联赛。与职业足球不同，这是一个组织完善的面向普通人的业余联赛，其门票仅售6到8元。该联赛始于10多年前，现已成为当地生活的重要组成部分。 今年，来自重庆不同地区的41支球队参赛。联赛于9月开赛，决赛将于2026年4月举行。特别的是，每支球队的名字都极具地方特色，清晰地展现了重庆的文化。有些球队以自然景观命名，比如巫山红叶队，其队名源于巫山秋天美丽的红叶。有些球队以当地美食命名——荣昌卤鹅队致敬了该市著名的卤鹅，而城口老腊肉队则源自城口的传统腊肉。还有一些球队以当地历史或文化命名。彭水蚩尤战神队表达了对苗族祖先的崇高敬意。大足石刻队的灵感则来自于这一世界文化遗产。 尽管面临资金短缺等困难，渝超联赛仍在快速发展。它远不止是比赛。它增强了当地的自豪感，支持了周边的体育用品店和餐馆等当地企业。这个联赛还充当了业余足球运动员和职业俱乐部之间的桥梁。它还与终身球迷和球员一起创造了持久的足球文化。它或许也能对我们的国家队有所帮助。此外，它还成为了各区县文化旅游的展示平台。渝超联赛正在中国的草根足球故事中书写精彩篇章。 真题示例 Passage A （2025·江苏南通·中考真题） Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. Hunters were known for their special skills. Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games. Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now. Sports come in many shapes and sizes. Organized sports, whether swimming or ice hockey, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance. There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious, and creative. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work. In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical hurt like broken bones, and also harm in mind. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together, but they can also drive people apart. But even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges. You don’t have to be on a school team. But many, like school coaches, have found ways to make play their work, which makes them feel whole. There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner. 1．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．Entertainment. 2．Why is play important for teenagers according to the passage? A．It reduces their physical hurt easily. B．It improves their mind and body health. C．It helps them have more time for sleep. D．It teaches them how to win competitions. 3．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．People should try to become a famous athlete. B．People can play mainly for fun and enjoyment. C．Trying team sports is better than individual ones. D．Avoiding sports that cause hurt is the best choice. 4．What may be the best title for the passage? A．The Styles of Sports B．The History of Sports C．The Charm of Sports D．The Challenges of Sports 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣。 1．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，属于娱乐休闲范畴，故最有可能出现在报纸的娱乐版块。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world”可知，玩耍对青少年的思维、身体、社交生活和情感都很重要，体育运动能锻炼我们的身体，让我们了解自己和世界，即玩耍能改善青少年的身心健康。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner.”可知，无论选择什么运动，关键是享受乐趣，当你这样做的时候，你已经是赢家了，由此可推测出作者认为人们可以主要是为了乐趣和享受而运动。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣，以选项C“运动的魅力”为标题最合适。故选C。 长难句解析 原句：（第 1段4 句）Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. 译文:句意：几百年前的壁画，展示着像摔跤或跳舞这样的活动，在一座埃及古墓中被发现。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构的被动语态。Wall paintings是主语，from centuries ago是后置定语修饰Wall paintings，showing activities like wrestling or dancing是现在分词短语作后置定语，进一步修饰Wall paintings，were found是谓语，in an Egyptian tomb是地点状语。 核心词汇 6. ①sports n. 体育运动 ②survive v. 生存 ③hunter n. 猎人 ④ancient adj. 古代的 ⑤Greek n. 希腊人；希腊语 adj. 希腊的 ⑥Olympic Games n. 奥林匹克运动会 ⑦modern adj. 现代的 ⑧spread v. 传播；散布 ⑨globally adv. 全球地 ⑩organized adj. 有组织的 ⑪team n. 团队 ⑫individual adj. 个人的 ⑬valuable adj. 有价值的 ⑭pediatrics n. 儿科学 ⑮exercise v. 锻炼 ⑯imaginative adj. 富有想象力的 ⑰curious adj. 好奇的 ⑱creative adj. 有创造力的 ⑲physical adj. 身体的 ⑳challenge n. 挑战 译文  体育运动最初可能是一种生存方式。很久以前，人们通过奔跑、跳跃和攀爬来维持生计。猎人以他们的特殊技能而闻名。几个世纪前的埃及古墓中发现了壁画，上面描绘着摔跤或跳舞等活动。古希腊人举办了第一届奥运会，带来了重大变革。 现代体育运动于19世纪初在英国兴起，随后传播到全球。这些运动成为了我们如今所从事的足球等运动的典范。 体育运动形式多样。有组织的体育运动，无论是游泳还是冰球，都是严肃的娱乐形式。有规则需要遵守，有技能和位置需要学习，还有计划需要执行。像足球这样的团队运动要求你与队友合作，而网球等个人运动则注重个人表现。 毫无疑问，体育运动很有价值。美国儿科学会表示，玩耍对儿童和青少年的思维、身体、社交生活和情感都很重要。体育运动锻炼我们的身体，让我们了解自己和周围的世界。有组织的体育运动让我们同时运用身体和大脑，这使我们更有想象力、好奇心和创造力。我们学到的技能能在学校和日后的工作中帮助我们。 在理想的世界里，体育运动总是充满乐趣。但在现实中，体育运动可能会造成身体伤害，比如骨折，也会带来精神上的伤害。在团队运动中，误解和受伤的感觉是学习过程的一部分。体育运动本应让人们团结在一起，但有时也会使人们产生隔阂。但即使体育运动并不总是令人愉快的经历，它们也教会我们如何面对生活中的挑战。 你不一定非要加入校队。但许多人，比如学校教练，已经找到了将娱乐变成工作的方法，这让他们感到生活充实。 没有比运动场更好的地方可以让我们玩耍并了解世界了。无论你选择哪种运动，关键是要享受其中的乐趣。当你这么做时，你就已经是赢家了。 Passage B （2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Because of modern medicine, millions of people now live longer, healthier lives, and we are developing new ways to fight diseases (疾病) all the time. 1 In the past, most people worked on their feet and moved their bodies all day, so they had lots of exercise. 2 Today, many people sit in front of a computer all day at work, and often eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories. This can be a big danger to their health. The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. But many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. Not exercising, or eating unhealthy food, can sometimes cause another dangerous disease-diabetes (糖尿病). 3 In the last twenty years, there has been a big rise in the number of deaths from diabetes. Smoking is another very big health problem and it causes more than seven million deaths a year. There are lots of very dangerous chemicals in cigarettes (香烟), so smokers can get many diseases. Around the world, fewer people smoke today than twenty years ago, but there were still more than 1.2 billion smokers in 2025. 4 Nearly half of all the children in the world are taking cigarette smoke into their bodies every day because they have to spend time near people who smoke. 5 When people sit for too long in front of a computer, they can get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. And when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them to sleep. Some scientists also think that cell phones may cause health problems because of a kind of energy which they produce called radiation (辐射). A．This is not just a health problem for cigarette smokers. B．But in a changing world, there are changing health problems. C．When someone has diabetes, there is too much sugar in their blood. D．They also mostly ate natural foods like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat. E．Some diseases can move from animals to people, and they can spread very fast. F．People also worry about new health problems caused by computers and cell phones. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了现代医学进步带来的健康变化，以及随之产生的新健康问题，如缺乏运动、不良饮食习惯、吸烟和电子设备使用等。 1．根据“Because of modern medicine...we are developing new ways to fight diseases all the time”可推知，此处需转折引出新的健康问题。选项B“但在不断变化的世界中，健康问题也在变化”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“In the past...they had lots of exercise”可推知，此处需补充过去人们的饮食习惯。选项D“他们也主要吃天然食物，如水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉”与上下文“运动多+饮食天然”的逻辑一致，符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“another dangerous disease—diabetes”和“there has been a big rise in deaths from diabetes”可推知，此处需解释糖尿病的特点。选项C“当一个人患有糖尿病时，血液中糖分过多”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Smoking is another very big health problem...more than 1.2 billion smokers”和后文“儿童被动吸烟”可推知，此处需强调吸烟影响的广泛性。选项A“这不仅对吸烟者来说是健康问题”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据后文“When people sit...problems with their eyes...cell phones may cause health problems”可推知，此处需总起电子设备的健康隐患。选项F“人们还担心电脑和手机引发的新健康问题”符合语境。故选F。 长难句解析 原句：（第4 段 5句）Nearly half of all the children in the world are taking cigarette smoke into their bodies every day because they have to spend time near people who smoke. 译文:世界上近一半的孩子每天都在吸入香烟烟雾，因为他们不得不与吸烟的人待在一起。 分析：本句是主从复合句。主句是Nearly half of all the children in the world are taking cigarette smoke into their bodies every day，其中Nearly half of all the children in the world是主语，are taking...into...是谓语结构，every day是时间状语；because they have to spend time near people who smoke是原因状语从句，其中who smoke是定语从句，修饰先行词people。 【核心词汇】 ①modern adj. 现代的 ②medicine n. 医学；药物 ③disease n. 疾病 ④exercise n./v. 锻炼；运动 ⑤sweet adj. 甜的 ⑥heart n. 心脏 ⑦death n. 死亡 ⑧diabetes n. 糖尿病 ⑨smoking n. 吸烟 ⑩chemical n. 化学物质 ⑪cigarette n. 香烟 ⑫scientist n. 科学家 ⑬cell phone 手机 ⑭radiation n. 辐射 ⑮health n. 健康 ⑯develop v. 发展；开发 ⑰cause v. 导致；引起 ⑱happen v. 发生 ⑲produce v. 产生 ⑳spread v. 传播 译文 由于现代医学的发展，数百万人如今能够更长寿、更健康地生活，而且我们一直在研发对抗疾病的新方法。但在不断变化的世界中，健康问题也在变化。 过去，大多数人整天都站着工作，身体一直在活动，所以他们有大量的运动。他们也主要吃天然食物，如水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉。如今，许多人工作时整天坐在电脑前，还经常吃大量甜食或工厂加工食品。这可能会对他们的健康造成极大危害。 如今，世界上导致死亡人数最多的疾病——每十例死亡中有三例与此有关——是心脏病。但其中许多死亡本是可以避免的，其原因是人们缺乏运动和饮食不健康。缺乏运动或食用不健康的食物有时还会引发另一种危险的疾病——糖尿病。当一个人患有糖尿病时，血液中糖分过多。在过去的二十年里，糖尿病导致的死亡人数大幅上升。 吸烟是另一个非常严重的健康问题，每年导致超过七百万人死亡。香烟中含有许多非常危险的化学物质，因此吸烟者可能会患上多种疾病。在全球范围内，如今吸烟的人数比二十年前有所减少，但到2025年仍有超过12亿吸烟者。这不仅对吸烟者来说是健康问题。世界上几乎一半的儿童每天都在吸入香烟烟雾，因为他们不得不与吸烟者待在一起。 人们还担心电脑和手机引发的新健康问题。当人们长时间坐在电脑前时，他们的眼睛、手臂、脖子和背部可能会出现问题。而且当他们在晚上使用电脑和手机时，往往更难入睡。一些科学家还认为，手机可能会因为其产生的一种叫做辐射的能量而导致健康问题。 模拟演练 Passage A When you look at me now, you won’t believe that I once weighed over 300 pounds. Yes, I used to be a really 1 girl. I never worried about it until I had a medical examination one day. The doctor told me that I was having heart trouble. He said it would be 2 if I could lose some weight. Then I decided to make a 3 . After a year and five months, I lost 104 pounds. I didn’t have any expensive food, medical treatment or camp-style exercise. So what was the secret to my 4 ? First, I 5 the Internet for some advice on losing weight. Of course, I saw many advertisements (广告), but I 6 nothing. The only thing I did was to change my bad habits. I 7 having drinks with too much sugar and gave up my love for sweet cakes. Now I have got used to eating a lot of green vegetables and using vegetable oil only. I 8 eat after 6:30 p.m. because it’s unhealthy to have a late dinner. Also, I 9 for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week to keep fit. People sometimes say, “You don’t need to tell me what to do. I’ve known it already!” The fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are completely 10 . The important thing is to know what to do and then keep doing it. 1．A．shy B．polite C．fat D．humorous 2．A．unusual B．helpful C．creative D．convenient 3．A．mess B．deal C．mistake D．change 4．A．luck B．success C．happiness D．pride 5．A．looked at B．looked after C．looked up D．looked through 6．A．bought B．mailed C．stole D．created 7．A．minded B．suggested C．imagined D．stopped 8．A．even B．always C．never D．often 9．A．sleep B．exercise C．study D．work 10．A．different B．natural C．interesting D．correct 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者曾经是一个很胖的女孩，在医生建议她减肥后，她决定改变自己，通过改变不良生活习惯和坚持锻炼，最终成功减肥，并明白了知道做什么和坚持做是不同的。 1．句意：是的，我曾经是一个很胖的女孩。 shy害羞的；polite礼貌的；fat胖的；humorous幽默的。根据“you won’t believe that I once weighed over 300 pounds”可知，作者曾经很胖。故选C。 2．句意：他说如果我能减肥，会有帮助的。 unusual不寻常的；helpful有帮助的；creative有创造力的；convenient方便的。根据“The doctor told me that I was having heart trouble. He said it would be…if I could lose some weight.”可知，医生告诉作者有心脏病，减肥对作者的心脏问题有帮助。故选B。 3．句意：然后我决定做出改变。 mess混乱；deal交易；mistake错误；change改变。根据“After a year and five months, I lost 104 pounds.”可知，作者决定改变自己，减肥成功。故选D。 4．句意：那么我成功的秘诀是什么呢？ luck运气；success成功；happiness幸福；pride骄傲。根据“After a year and five months, I lost 104 pounds.”可知，作者减肥成功，所以此处是问成功的秘诀。故选B。 5．句意：首先，我在网上查阅了一些减肥的建议。 looked at看；looked after照顾；looked up查阅；looked through浏览。根据“the Internet for some advice on losing weight”可知，是在网上浏览减肥建议。故选D。 6．句意：当然，我看到了很多广告，但我什么也没买。 bought买；mailed邮寄；stole偷；created创造。根据“I saw many advertisements (广告), but I…nothing.”可知，作者看到了很多减肥广告，但没有买任何减肥产品。故选A。 7．句意：我停止喝含糖太多的饮料，放弃了对甜蛋糕的喜爱。 minded介意；suggested建议；imagined想象；stopped停止。根据“having drinks with too much sugar and gave up my love for sweet cakes”可知，作者停止喝含糖太多的饮料。故选D。 8．句意：我晚上6:30以后从不吃东西，因为吃晚饭太晚不健康。 even甚至；always总是；never从不；often经常。根据“because it’s unhealthy to have a late dinner”可知，吃晚饭太晚不健康，所以作者晚上6:30以后从不吃东西。故选C。 9．句意：此外，我每周锻炼五天，每次15到20分钟，以保持健康。 sleep睡觉；exercise锻炼；study学习；work工作。根据“for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week to keep fit”可知，作者每周锻炼五天，每次15到20分钟来保持健康。故选B。 10．句意：事实是，知道做什么和做你知道的是完全不同的。 different不同的；natural自然的；interesting有趣的；correct正确的。根据“The important thing is to know what to do and then keep doing it.”可知，知道做什么和做你知道的是完全不同的，重要的是知道做什么然后坚持做。故选A。 Passage B BMI is a measure that uses your height and weight to work out if you are fit. If your body mass index (指数) is over 30, you will be defined obesity (肥胖). As a result, some cities in China have included BMI in the PE test for the high school entrance examination, or Zhongkao. For example, Beijing declared that BMI became a subject of the PE test for the Zhongkao. Chengdu and Shanghai have also started similar actions. This change aims to encourage students to pay more attention to their health and exercise habits. Zhang Yanshu is an eighth-grader from Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School. He started by running with his dad, and soon took training classes. “I think BMI and the events for the exam go well together. When I practice the events, my BMI gets better; when my BMI gets better, I feel more energetic doing the events.” Zhang also paid much attention to his food. “I ate brown rice instead of white rice, and chicken for meat most of the time,” he said. But his BMI reached a good level after four months of effort. Chen Kaifei,14, also from Beijing said that BMI is also a problem for students who are too thin, and has caused some “figure anxiety (身材焦虑)” among students. “However, mostly I think it has a good influence,” Chen said. “Everyone has a better understanding of their body and health conditions, and I started to care about my lifestyle every day, simply to keep my BMI at a good level.” Adding BMI to the Zhongkao PE test helps students focus on their health, but it also brings challenges. While some, like Zhang Yanshu, succeed by combining exercise and healthy eating, others worry about stress over body image. Schools and families should guide students to care for their health without feeling too much pressure. 1．What did Zhang Yanshu do to improve his BMI according to the text? A．He practiced running and changed his diet. B．He took medicine and avoided sugary food. C．His BMI reached 3. 10 after practicing four months. D．He focused on training classes and stopped eating rice. 2．What does Chen Kaifei think about BMI being included in the PE test? A．It only causes anxiety and has no benefits. B．It has benefits but requires attention to students’ feelings. C．It is more harmful than helpful for students’ mental health. D．It is mostly thought that it doesn’t have a good influence. 3．Which group of people is suitable for using BMI? A．Kangkang, who is a middle student. B．Bill, who is a professional athletes. C．Yamin, who is going to have a baby. D．Nacy, who is weak and in his 80s. 4．How does the author organize the passage? A．By comparing BMI rules in different cities. B．By listing a large of numbers to show his ideas. C．By arguing BMI should not be used in exams. D．By introducing a policy, using examples, and showing results. 5．What is the main purpose of adding BMI to the Zhongkao PE test? A．To make students compete for higher scores. B．To help students develop healthier habits. C．To reduce the number of overweight students. D．To encourage students to work hard. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国部分城市将BMI纳入中考体育考试的政策背景、具体案例（如北京学生张彦舒和陈凯飞的经历）以及该政策对学生健康意识的双重影响（积极促进与身材焦虑）。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Zhang Yanshu...started by running with his dad, and soon took training classes...I ate brown rice instead of white rice, and chicken for meat”（张彦舒通过跑步、参加训练班，并调整饮食如用糙米替代白米、主要吃鸡肉）可知，他的方法是运动结合饮食调整。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第3段陈凯飞的观点“BMI is also a problem...caused some ‘figure anxiety’...mostly I think it has a good influence”（BMI引发身材焦虑，但总体上认为有积极作用），可推知他认为该政策有益但需关注学生心理。故选B。 3．细节理解题。全文围绕中学生BMI政策展开，根据第1段“BMI in the PE test for the high school entrance examination”（中考体育考试的BMI测试）可知适用群体为中学生。故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章结构为：第1段介绍政策背景→第2-3段用张彦舒和陈凯飞的案例说明影响→第4段总结政策利弊。选项D“通过介绍政策、举例并展示结果”准确概括。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据第1段“This change aims to encourage students to pay more attention to their health”（政策目的是鼓励学生关注健康）及第4段“helps students focus on their health”（帮助学生关注健康）可知，主要目标是培养健康习惯。故选B。 Passage C （2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个不同的社会实践项目。请根据每位学生的需求选择最适合他们参加的项目。 1 Lily is concerned about environmental issues and wants to do something meaningful to help reduce pollution and restore nature. She hopes to study environmental science in the future. 2 Mike is fascinated by artificial intelligence and coding. He wants to participate in a program where he can learn about technology and robotics while working with other students who share similar interests. 3 Amy loves meeting new people and learning about different cultures. She is also eager to improve her English communication skills and hopes to explore global traditions. 4 Tom wants to develop healthy habits by exercising more and eating better However, he struggles with motivation and is looking for a supportive club that offers fitness activities and nutrition advice. 5 Sarah is passionate about helping others, especially seniors in her community. She enjoys spending time with her grandparents and wants to help older adults with small tasks and social activities. A．Green Earth Program (Environmental Protection)Do you care about the environment? Join our Green Earth Program to help clean up parks, plant trees, and learn sustainable ways to protect nature. Volunteers will also have the opportunity to visit national parks and study ecosystems firsthand. B．Tech4Teens (Technology & Innovation) Are you interested in technology and computer science? This program offers coding workshops, artificial intelligence (AI) basics, robotics labs, and discussions on future tech trends. It’s an excellent opportunity for students who love digital innovation. C． Fit & Healthy Club (Health & Wellness) Do you want to be more physically active? Our Fit & Healthy Club provides members with weekly running plans, yoga practice, and expert-led nutrition guidance. We also invite health professionals to give workshops on maintaining a balanced life style. D．Cultural Exchange School (Language & Cross-Cultural Communication) Are you eager to improve your English skills or learn about different cultures? In this program, you’ll get the chance to meet international students, practice speaking English, and participate in cultural events to explore global traditions. E. Elderly Care Volunteers (Community Service) Do you enjoy giving back to your community? Become a volunteer in our Elderly Care Program and spend time with older adults. Volunteers will help seniors learn how to use smartphones, read, organize small group activities, and provide emotional support. F. Save the Ocean Project (Marine Conservation) Are you passionate about protecting the ocean? Join us in the Save the Ocean Project to clean up beaches, protect marine life, and promote awareness about reducing plastic waste. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文介绍了六个不同的社会实践项目，根据每位学生的需求选择最适合他们参加的项目。 1．根据“Lily is concerned about environmental issues and wants to do something meaningful to help reduce pollution and restore nature. She hopes to study environmental science in the future.”可知，Lily关心环保。选项A“你关心环境吗？加入我们的绿色地球计划，帮助清理公园，种植树木，学习保护自然的可持续方法。”与之匹配。故选A。 2．根据“Mike is fascinated by artificial intelligence and coding. He wants to participate in a program where he can learn about technology and robotics while working with other students who share similar interests.”可知，Mike对AI和编程感兴趣。选项B“你对技术和计算机科学感兴趣吗？该计划提供编码研讨会、人工智能（AI）基础知识、机器人实验室以及关于未来技术趋势的讨论。”与之匹配。故选B。 3．根据“Amy loves meeting new people and learning about different cultures. She is also eager to improve her English communication skills and hopes to explore global traditions.”可知，Amy想要提高英语口语能力，同时她也对世界各地的文化充满好奇。选项D“你渴望提高你的英语技能或了解不同的文化吗？在这个项目中，你将有机会结识国际学生，练习说英语，并参加文化活动来探索全球传统。”与之匹配。故选D。 4．根据“Tom wants to develop healthy habits by exercising more and eating better However, he struggles with motivation and is looking for a supportive club that offers fitness activities and nutrition advice.”可知，Tom是一个运动爱好者，他希望养成更健康的饮食和运动习惯。选项C“你想多运动吗？我们的健身俱乐部为会员提供每周跑步计划、瑜伽练习和专家指导的营养指导。”与之匹配。故选C。 5．根据“Sarah is passionate about helping others, especially seniors in her community. She enjoys spending time with her grandparents and wants to help older adults with small tasks and social activities.”可知，Sarah喜欢帮助别人，她特别想为老年人提供帮助。选项E“你喜欢回馈社区吗？成为我们老年护理计划的志愿者，与老年人共度时光。”与之匹配。故选E。 Passage D （2024·广东广州·二模）根据短文的内容，从所给的选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Baduanjin wins hearts of young Chinese No one expected that Baduanjin would become popular among young Chinese people. In the past couple of years, an online teaching video of Baduanjin, a form of Qigong, has been played for more than 10 million times, “I have been doing Baduanjin for about four months. 1 I like Baduanjin very much because it gives me a much healthier lifestyle,” a young man said. Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness methods in China, originally created over 800 years ago during the Song Dynasty. Its name is made up of two parts, namely “baduan” and “jin”. 2 And the second part refers to the stretch and grace of the movements. Compared to sports such as ball games or swimming, Baduanjin is slow and usually played with soft music. 73 3 It helped kill their neck and back pain after long working hours while not requiring much effort, time and space. Sun Yuxuan, a college student majoring in martial arts, has also noticed the rising popularity of Baduanjin. The 21-year-old girl has been teaching other students to practice for over three years. They started with 20 members in 2019 and the group has 45 members now. “Every member in the group is very active. I didn’t expect that it could attract so many young people. 4 ”. She said. A．It helps me sleep better and get stronger. B．So it used to be considered as a sport for the elders. C．That’s because they receive real benefits from the sport. D．The first part refers to eight separate movements. E．Recently, however, many young people came to realize the advantage of the sport. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了八段锦。 1．根据“I have been doing Baduanjin for about four months.”以及“ I like Baduanjin very much because it gives me a much healthier lifestyle”可知，此处介绍八段锦对“我”的帮助，A选项“它帮助我睡得更好，变得更强壮”符合，故选A。 2．根据“And the second part refers to the stretch and grace of the movements.”可知，此处应介绍第一部分，D选项“第一部分指的是八个独立的动作”符合，故选D。 3．根据“Compared to sports such as ball games or swimming, Baduanjin is slow and usually played with soft music.”可知，与球类或游泳等运动相比，八段锦动作缓慢，通常伴随着柔和的音乐，所以适合老人，B选项“所以它曾经被认为是老年人的运动”符合，故选B。 4．根据“The 21-year-old girl has been teaching other students to practice for over three years. They started with 20 members in 2019 and the group has 45 members now”以及前文介绍八段锦适合老人可知，现在八段锦在年轻人中也很受欢迎，E选项“然而，最近，许多年轻人开始意识到这项运动的好处”符合，故选E。 5．根据“Every member in the group is very active. I didn’t expect that it could attract so many young people. ”可知，此处介绍八段锦吸引了很多年轻人，C选项“这是因为他们从这项运动中得到了实实在在的好处”是吸引很多年轻人的原因，符合语境，故选C。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Sport 人与社会：体育运动与健康 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 270 介绍了第十五届全运会吉祥物的设计、昵称由来、受欢迎的原因及文化内涵。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 275 介绍了重庆的一项受欢迎的足球运动——重庆超级联赛（Yuchao） 真题 示例 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 340 介绍了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣。 Passage B 阅读还原 说明文 305 主要讲述了现代医学进步带来的健康变化，以及随之产生的新健康问题，如缺乏运动、不良饮食习惯、吸烟和电子设备使用等。 模拟 演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 240 讲述作者曾经是一个很胖的女孩，在医生建议下成功减肥的故事。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 312 讲述了中国部分城市将BMI纳入中考体育考试的政策背景、具体案例以及该政策对学生健康意识的双重影响。 Passage C 阅读匹配 说明文 400 介绍了六个不同的社会实践项目，根据每位学生的需求选择最适合他们参加的项目。 Passage D 阅读还原 说明文 226 主要介绍了八段锦。 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A ①When the 15th National Games started in Guangzhou, its official mascots (吉祥物), “Xiyangyang” and “Lerongrong”, soon became stars on the Internet. They even got the nickname “Dawan Chickens”(Dawan stands for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area). This lovely name made the mascots loved by people all over the country and got millions of views online. ②The mascots are designed after Chinese white dolphins. There are three-colored waves on their heads. The colors stand for Guangdong’ s kapok (木棉花) red, Hong Kong’ s bauhinia (紫荆花) purple and Macao’s lotus (莲花) green. This shows the unity of the three places. But their round bodies and lively poses made people think of Guangdong’s famous chicken dishes, so this funny nickname came into being. Liu Pingyun, the head of the design team, was happy with this public understanding. ③The mascots are also popular because of their energetic shows. Students from local martial arts (武术) schools dress up as them. They practiced for months to put on flexible acts, like spinning and dancing. Their lively performances made them loved by people online. Outside the sports fields, products with their images are very popular. Many of these products were sold out quickly. ④Besides being cute, the “Dawan Chickens” have deep cultural meanings. They stand for the Greater Bay Area’s culture and the sports spirit of athletes. The combination of the official design ideas and the public’s creativity makes the Games more fun. It also shows our cultural confidence. As these loved mascots keep attracting people both online and offline, they have become a nice bridge that connects sports, culture and people’s excitement. 1．Why are the mascots’ heads designed in three colors? A．They are the traditional colors of Chinese sports events. B．The design team thought these colors look lively together. C．These colors are the most popular in the Greater Bay Area. D．They are the symbols of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. 2．What can we know about the mascots’ performances in Paragraph 3? A．The shows are easy to put on without much practice. B．The lively acts help the mascots get more popularity. C．The performances don’t include spinning and dancing. D．The performers are professional dancers from other cities. 3．What does the popularity of the mascots’ products show? A．The products are cheap and easy to buy. B．The National Games only focuses on selling mascot products. C．The mascots have successfully won people’s love and support. D．People are more interested in products than the mascots themselves. 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．The cultural meanings of “Dawan Chickens” have different sides. B．The design idea of “Dawan Chickens” comes from chicken dishes. C．The purpose of “Dawan Chickens” was mainly to interest more people. D．The nickname of “Dawan Chickens” made the designer feel unhappy. 5．Where can you read this passage? A．In a storybook.B．In a newspaper. C．In a guidebook. D．In a science-fiction book. 长难句解析 1. 原句：（第1段1句）When the 15th National Games started in Guangzhou, its official mascots (吉祥物), “Xiyangyang” and “Lerongrong”, soon became stars on the Internet. 2. 译文:当第十五届全运会在广州开幕时，其官方吉祥物“祥祥”和“荣荣”很快成为了网络明星。 3. 分析：本句是主从复合句。When the 15th National Games started in Guangzhou是时间状语从句，其中When是引导词，the 15th National Games是从句主语，started是谓语，in Guangzhou是地点状语；主句中its official mascots是主语， “Xiyangyang” and “Lerongrong”是对mascots的补充说明，soon是时间副词作状语，became是谓语，stars是宾语，on the Internet是地点状语。 核心词汇 4.  ①National Games 全运会 ②mascot n. 吉祥物 ③nickname n. 昵称 ④Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 粤港澳大湾区 ⑤Chinese white dolphin 中华白海豚 ⑥wave n. 波浪 ⑦kapok n. 木棉花 ⑧bauhinia n. 紫荆花 ⑨lotus n. 莲花 ⑩unity n. 团结 ⑪pose n. 姿势 ⑫martial arts 武术 ⑬dress up 装扮 ⑭flexible adj. 灵活的 ⑮spin v. 旋转 ⑯performances n. 表演（performance的复数） ⑰image n. 形象 ⑱cultural adj. 文化的 ⑲spirit n. 精神 ⑳confidence n. 信心 译文  ①第十五届全运会在广州开幕时，其官方吉祥物“喜洋洋”和“乐融融”很快在互联网上成为了明星。它们甚至还获得了“湾湾鸡”的昵称（“湾湾”代表粤港澳大湾区）。这个可爱的名字让这两个吉祥物受到了全国人民的喜爱，在网上获得了数百万的关注。 ②这些吉祥物的设计灵感来源于中华白海豚。它们的头顶上有三色波浪图案。这三种颜色分别代表广东的木棉花红、香港的紫荆花紫和澳门的莲花绿。这体现了三地的团结。但它们圆滚滚的身体和活泼的姿态让人们联想到了广东著名的鸡肉菜肴，于是这个有趣的昵称就诞生了。设计团队负责人刘平云对公众的这种理解感到很高兴。 ③这些吉祥物也因其活力四射的表演而受到欢迎。当地武术学校的学生们装扮成它们的样子。他们为了献上灵活的表演，像旋转和跳舞，练习了好几个月。他们生动活泼的表演让它们在网上受到了人们的喜爱。在运动场之外，印有它们形象的产品也非常畅销。很多这类产品很快就售罄了。 ④“湾湾鸡”不仅可爱，还具有深刻的文化内涵。它们象征着大湾区的文化以及运动员们的体育精神。官方设计理念与公众创造力的结合让全运会变得更加有趣，也展现了我们的文化自信。随着这些备受喜爱的吉祥物不断吸引着线上和线下的人们，它们已成为一座连接体育、文化和人们热情的美好桥梁。 Passage B In Chongqing, a popular football movement is growing—the Chongqing Super League, or Yuchao. Unlike professional football, it is a well-run amateur (业余的) league for common people, whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan. Started over 10 years ago, it has become an important part of local life. This year, 41 teams from different parts of Chongqing are taking part. It started in September, and the final match will come in April 2026. What’s special is that each team’s name has strong local colors, showing Chongqing’s culture clearly. Some are named after natural views, like Wushan Red Leaf Team. It gets its name from Wushan’s beautiful red leaves in autumn. Some are named after its local food—Rongchang Braised Goose Team honors the city’s famous braised goose, while Chengkou Old Cured Meat Team comes from Chengkou’s traditional cured meat. There are also teams named after local history or culture. Pengshui Chiyou God of War shows great honor to the ancestor of Miao people. Dazu Rock Carvings Team gets ideas from this World Cultural Heritage (世界文化遗产). Though facing some difficulties, such as being short of money, Yuchao is still developing fast. It is more than matches. It builds local pride, supports local businesses like sports shops and restaurants around. This league also works as a bridge between the amateur football players and the professional clubs. It also creates a lasting football culture with lifelong fans and players. It may help our national football team as well. Besides, it works as showcases (展示平台) for cultural tourism of different districts and counties. Yuchao is writing a wonderful part in China’s grassroots (草根) football story. 1．According to the passage, which of the following about Yuchao is NOT true? A．It started more than 10 years ago. B．The players are just common people. C．People need to spend much money on the ticket. D．At present, the final winner of this year hasn’t come out yet. 2．According to its naming rules, which team is Zhongxian Three Kingdoms Team similar to? A．Dazu Rock Carvings Team. B．Wushan Red Leaf Team. C．Rongchang Braised Goose Team. D．Chengkou Old Cured Meat Team. 3．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A．Yuchao provides a big business for the local tourism. B．Yuchao is a waste of time and money for the common players. C．Yuchao is getting more and more popular with the local people. D．Yuchao offers a possibility for some players to enter the professional clubs. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The future about Yuchao. B．The influence of Yuchao. C．The difficulty of Yuchao. D．The development of Yuchao. 长难句解析 原句：（第1 段 2句）Unlike professional football, it is a well - run amateur (业余的) league for common people, whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan. 译文:句意：与职业足球不同，它是一个组织良好的面向普通人的业余联赛，其门票只需6到8元。 分析：本句是主系表结构。Unlike professional football是介词短语作状语，it是主语，指代前面提到的the Chongqing Super League；is是系动词；a well - run amateur league for common people是表语；whose ticket is only from 6 to 8 yuan是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词league，在从句中whose作定语，修饰ticket。 核心词汇 5. ①football n. 足球 ②league n. 联赛 ③amateur adj. 业余的 ④common adj. 普通的 ⑤ticket n. 门票 ⑥local adj. 当地的 ⑦team n. 队伍 ⑧match n. 比赛 ⑨name n./v. 名字；命名 ⑩natural adj. 自然的 ⑪view n. 景色 ⑫food n. 食物 ⑬history n. 历史 ⑭culture n. 文化 ⑮ancestor n. 祖先 ⑯heritage n. 遗产 ⑰difficulty n. 困难 ⑱pride n. 自豪感 ⑲business n. 商业 ⑳bridge n. 桥梁 译文 在重庆，一项受欢迎的足球运动正蓬勃发展——重庆超级联赛，即渝超联赛。与职业足球不同，这是一个组织完善的面向普通人的业余联赛，其门票仅售6到8元。该联赛始于10多年前，现已成为当地生活的重要组成部分。 今年，来自重庆不同地区的41支球队参赛。联赛于9月开赛，决赛将于2026年4月举行。特别的是，每支球队的名字都极具地方特色，清晰地展现了重庆的文化。有些球队以自然景观命名，比如巫山红叶队，其队名源于巫山秋天美丽的红叶。有些球队以当地美食命名——荣昌卤鹅队致敬了该市著名的卤鹅，而城口老腊肉队则源自城口的传统腊肉。还有一些球队以当地历史或文化命名。彭水蚩尤战神队表达了对苗族祖先的崇高敬意。大足石刻队的灵感则来自于这一世界文化遗产。 尽管面临资金短缺等困难，渝超联赛仍在快速发展。它远不止是比赛。它增强了当地的自豪感，支持了周边的体育用品店和餐馆等当地企业。这个联赛还充当了业余足球运动员和职业俱乐部之间的桥梁。它还与终身球迷和球员一起创造了持久的足球文化。它或许也能对我们的国家队有所帮助。此外，它还成为了各区县文化旅游的展示平台。渝超联赛正在中国的草根足球故事中书写精彩篇章。 真题示例 Passage A （2025·江苏南通·中考真题） Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. Hunters were known for their special skills. Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games. Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now. Sports come in many shapes and sizes. Organized sports, whether swimming or ice hockey, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance. There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious, and creative. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work. In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical hurt like broken bones, and also harm in mind. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together, but they can also drive people apart. But even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges. You don’t have to be on a school team. But many, like school coaches, have found ways to make play their work, which makes them feel whole. There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner. 1．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．Entertainment. 2．Why is play important for teenagers according to the passage? A．It reduces their physical hurt easily. B．It improves their mind and body health. C．It helps them have more time for sleep. D．It teaches them how to win competitions. 3．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．People should try to become a famous athlete. B．People can play mainly for fun and enjoyment. C．Trying team sports is better than individual ones. D．Avoiding sports that cause hurt is the best choice. 4．What may be the best title for the passage? A．The Styles of Sports B．The History of Sports C．The Charm of Sports D．The Challenges of Sports 长难句解析 原句：（第 1段4 句）Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. 译文:句意：几百年前的壁画，展示着像摔跤或跳舞这样的活动，在一座埃及古墓中被发现。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构的被动语态。Wall paintings是主语，from centuries ago是后置定语修饰Wall paintings，showing activities like wrestling or dancing是现在分词短语作后置定语，进一步修饰Wall paintings，were found是谓语，in an Egyptian tomb是地点状语。 核心词汇 6. ①sports n. 体育运动 ②survive v. 生存 ③hunter n. 猎人 ④ancient adj. 古代的 ⑤Greek n. 希腊人；希腊语 adj. 希腊的 ⑥Olympic Games n. 奥林匹克运动会 ⑦modern adj. 现代的 ⑧spread v. 传播；散布 ⑨globally adv. 全球地 ⑩organized adj. 有组织的 ⑪team n. 团队 ⑫individual adj. 个人的 ⑬valuable adj. 有价值的 ⑭pediatrics n. 儿科学 ⑮exercise v. 锻炼 ⑯imaginative adj. 富有想象力的 ⑰curious adj. 好奇的 ⑱creative adj. 有创造力的 ⑲physical adj. 身体的 ⑳challenge n. 挑战 译文  体育运动最初可能是一种生存方式。很久以前，人们通过奔跑、跳跃和攀爬来维持生计。猎人以他们的特殊技能而闻名。几个世纪前的埃及古墓中发现了壁画，上面描绘着摔跤或跳舞等活动。古希腊人举办了第一届奥运会，带来了重大变革。 现代体育运动于19世纪初在英国兴起，随后传播到全球。这些运动成为了我们如今所从事的足球等运动的典范。 体育运动形式多样。有组织的体育运动，无论是游泳还是冰球，都是严肃的娱乐形式。有规则需要遵守，有技能和位置需要学习，还有计划需要执行。像足球这样的团队运动要求你与队友合作，而网球等个人运动则注重个人表现。 毫无疑问，体育运动很有价值。美国儿科学会表示，玩耍对儿童和青少年的思维、身体、社交生活和情感都很重要。体育运动锻炼我们的身体，让我们了解自己和周围的世界。有组织的体育运动让我们同时运用身体和大脑，这使我们更有想象力、好奇心和创造力。我们学到的技能能在学校和日后的工作中帮助我们。 在理想的世界里，体育运动总是充满乐趣。但在现实中，体育运动可能会造成身体伤害，比如骨折，也会带来精神上的伤害。在团队运动中，误解和受伤的感觉是学习过程的一部分。体育运动本应让人们团结在一起，但有时也会使人们产生隔阂。但即使体育运动并不总是令人愉快的经历，它们也教会我们如何面对生活中的挑战。 你不一定非要加入校队。但许多人，比如学校教练，已经找到了将娱乐变成工作的方法，这让他们感到生活充实。 没有比运动场更好的地方可以让我们玩耍并了解世界了。无论你选择哪种运动，关键是要享受其中的乐趣。当你这么做时，你就已经是赢家了。 Passage B （2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Because of modern medicine, millions of people now live longer, healthier lives, and we are developing new ways to fight diseases (疾病) all the time. 1 In the past, most people worked on their feet and moved their bodies all day, so they had lots of exercise. 2 Today, many people sit in front of a computer all day at work, and often eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories. This can be a big danger to their health. The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. But many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. Not exercising, or eating unhealthy food, can sometimes cause another dangerous disease-diabetes (糖尿病). 3 In the last twenty years, there has been a big rise in the number of deaths from diabetes. Smoking is another very big health problem and it causes more than seven million deaths a year. There are lots of very dangerous chemicals in cigarettes (香烟), so smokers can get many diseases. Around the world, fewer people smoke today than twenty years ago, but there were still more than 1.2 billion smokers in 2025. 4 Nearly half of all the children in the world are taking cigarette smoke into their bodies every day because they have to spend time near people who smoke. 5 When people sit for too long in front of a computer, they can get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. And when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them to sleep. Some scientists also think that cell phones may cause health problems because of a kind of energy which they produce called radiation (辐射). A．This is not just a health problem for cigarette smokers. B．But in a changing world, there are changing health problems. C．When someone has diabetes, there is too much sugar in their blood. D．They also mostly ate natural foods like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat. E．Some diseases can move from animals to people, and they can spread very fast. F．People also worry about new health problems caused by computers and cell phones. 长难句解析 原句：（第4 段 5句）Nearly half of all the children in the world are taking cigarette smoke into their bodies every day because they have to spend time near people who smoke. 译文:世界上近一半的孩子每天都在吸入香烟烟雾，因为他们不得不与吸烟的人待在一起。 分析：本句是主从复合句。主句是Nearly half of all the children in the world are taking cigarette smoke into their bodies every day，其中Nearly half of all the children in the world是主语，are taking...into...是谓语结构，every day是时间状语；because they have to spend time near people who smoke是原因状语从句，其中who smoke是定语从句，修饰先行词people。 【核心词汇】 ①modern adj. 现代的 ②medicine n. 医学；药物 ③disease n. 疾病 ④exercise n./v. 锻炼；运动 ⑤sweet adj. 甜的 ⑥heart n. 心脏 ⑦death n. 死亡 ⑧diabetes n. 糖尿病 ⑨smoking n. 吸烟 ⑩chemical n. 化学物质 ⑪cigarette n. 香烟 ⑫scientist n. 科学家 ⑬cell phone 手机 ⑭radiation n. 辐射 ⑮health n. 健康 ⑯develop v. 发展；开发 ⑰cause v. 导致；引起 ⑱happen v. 发生 ⑲produce v. 产生 ⑳spread v. 传播 译文 由于现代医学的发展，数百万人如今能够更长寿、更健康地生活，而且我们一直在研发对抗疾病的新方法。但在不断变化的世界中，健康问题也在变化。 过去，大多数人整天都站着工作，身体一直在活动，所以他们有大量的运动。他们也主要吃天然食物，如水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉。如今，许多人工作时整天坐在电脑前，还经常吃大量甜食或工厂加工食品。这可能会对他们的健康造成极大危害。 如今，世界上导致死亡人数最多的疾病——每十例死亡中有三例与此有关——是心脏病。但其中许多死亡本是可以避免的，其原因是人们缺乏运动和饮食不健康。缺乏运动或食用不健康的食物有时还会引发另一种危险的疾病——糖尿病。当一个人患有糖尿病时，血液中糖分过多。在过去的二十年里，糖尿病导致的死亡人数大幅上升。 吸烟是另一个非常严重的健康问题，每年导致超过七百万人死亡。香烟中含有许多非常危险的化学物质，因此吸烟者可能会患上多种疾病。在全球范围内，如今吸烟的人数比二十年前有所减少，但到2025年仍有超过12亿吸烟者。这不仅对吸烟者来说是健康问题。世界上几乎一半的儿童每天都在吸入香烟烟雾，因为他们不得不与吸烟者待在一起。 人们还担心电脑和手机引发的新健康问题。当人们长时间坐在电脑前时，他们的眼睛、手臂、脖子和背部可能会出现问题。而且当他们在晚上使用电脑和手机时，往往更难入睡。一些科学家还认为，手机可能会因为其产生的一种叫做辐射的能量而导致健康问题。 模拟演练 Passage A When you look at me now, you won’t believe that I once weighed over 300 pounds. Yes, I used to be a really 1 girl. I never worried about it until I had a medical examination one day. The doctor told me that I was having heart trouble. He said it would be 2 if I could lose some weight. Then I decided to make a 3 . After a year and five months, I lost 104 pounds. I didn’t have any expensive food, medical treatment or camp-style exercise. So what was the secret to my 4 ? First, I 5 the Internet for some advice on losing weight. Of course, I saw many advertisements (广告), but I 6 nothing. The only thing I did was to change my bad habits. I 7 having drinks with too much sugar and gave up my love for sweet cakes. Now I have got used to eating a lot of green vegetables and using vegetable oil only. I 8 eat after 6:30 p.m. because it’s unhealthy to have a late dinner. Also, I 9 for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week to keep fit. People sometimes say, “You don’t need to tell me what to do. I’ve known it already!” The fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are completely 10 . The important thing is to know what to do and then keep doing it. 1．A．shy B．polite C．fat D．humorous 2．A．unusual B．helpful C．creative D．convenient 3．A．mess B．deal C．mistake D．change 4．A．luck B．success C．happiness D．pride 5．A．looked at B．looked after C．looked up D．looked through 6．A．bought B．mailed C．stole D．created 7．A．minded B．suggested C．imagined D．stopped 8．A．even B．always C．never D．often 9．A．sleep B．exercise C．study D．work 10．A．different B．natural C．interesting D．correct Passage B BMI is a measure that uses your height and weight to work out if you are fit. If your body mass index (指数) is over 30, you will be defined obesity (肥胖). As a result, some cities in China have included BMI in the PE test for the high school entrance examination, or Zhongkao. For example, Beijing declared that BMI became a subject of the PE test for the Zhongkao. Chengdu and Shanghai have also started similar actions. This change aims to encourage students to pay more attention to their health and exercise habits. Zhang Yanshu is an eighth-grader from Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School. He started by running with his dad, and soon took training classes. “I think BMI and the events for the exam go well together. When I practice the events, my BMI gets better; when my BMI gets better, I feel more energetic doing the events.” Zhang also paid much attention to his food. “I ate brown rice instead of white rice, and chicken for meat most of the time,” he said. But his BMI reached a good level after four months of effort. Chen Kaifei,14, also from Beijing said that BMI is also a problem for students who are too thin, and has caused some “figure anxiety (身材焦虑)” among students. “However, mostly I think it has a good influence,” Chen said. “Everyone has a better understanding of their body and health conditions, and I started to care about my lifestyle every day, simply to keep my BMI at a good level.” Adding BMI to the Zhongkao PE test helps students focus on their health, but it also brings challenges. While some, like Zhang Yanshu, succeed by combining exercise and healthy eating, others worry about stress over body image. Schools and families should guide students to care for their health without feeling too much pressure. 1．What did Zhang Yanshu do to improve his BMI according to the text? A．He practiced running and changed his diet. B．He took medicine and avoided sugary food. C．His BMI reached 3. 10 after practicing four months. D．He focused on training classes and stopped eating rice. 2．What does Chen Kaifei think about BMI being included in the PE test? A．It only causes anxiety and has no benefits. B．It has benefits but requires attention to students’ feelings. C．It is more harmful than helpful for students’ mental health. D．It is mostly thought that it doesn’t have a good influence. 3．Which group of people is suitable for using BMI? A．Kangkang, who is a middle student. B．Bill, who is a professional athletes. C．Yamin, who is going to have a baby. D．Nacy, who is weak and in his 80s. 4．How does the author organize the passage? A．By comparing BMI rules in different cities. B．By listing a large of numbers to show his ideas. C．By arguing BMI should not be used in exams. D．By introducing a policy, using examples, and showing results. 5．What is the main purpose of adding BMI to the Zhongkao PE test? A．To make students compete for higher scores. B．To help students develop healthier habits. C．To reduce the number of overweight students. D．To encourage students to work hard. Passage C （2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个不同的社会实践项目。请根据每位学生的需求选择最适合他们参加的项目。 1 Lily is concerned about environmental issues and wants to do something meaningful to help reduce pollution and restore nature. She hopes to study environmental science in the future. 2 Mike is fascinated by artificial intelligence and coding. He wants to participate in a program where he can learn about technology and robotics while working with other students who share similar interests. 3 Amy loves meeting new people and learning about different cultures. She is also eager to improve her English communication skills and hopes to explore global traditions. 4 Tom wants to develop healthy habits by exercising more and eating better However, he struggles with motivation and is looking for a supportive club that offers fitness activities and nutrition advice. 5 Sarah is passionate about helping others, especially seniors in her community. She enjoys spending time with her grandparents and wants to help older adults with small tasks and social activities. A．Green Earth Program (Environmental Protection)Do you care about the environment? Join our Green Earth Program to help clean up parks, plant trees, and learn sustainable ways to protect nature. Volunteers will also have the opportunity to visit national parks and study ecosystems firsthand. B．Tech4Teens (Technology & Innovation) Are you interested in technology and computer science? This program offers coding workshops, artificial intelligence (AI) basics, robotics labs, and discussions on future tech trends. It’s an excellent opportunity for students who love digital innovation. C． Fit & Healthy Club (Health & Wellness) Do you want to be more physically active? Our Fit & Healthy Club provides members with weekly running plans, yoga practice, and expert-led nutrition guidance. We also invite health professionals to give workshops on maintaining a balanced life style. D．Cultural Exchange School (Language & Cross-Cultural Communication) Are you eager to improve your English skills or learn about different cultures? In this program, you’ll get the chance to meet international students, practice speaking English, and participate in cultural events to explore global traditions. E. Elderly Care Volunteers (Community Service) Do you enjoy giving back to your community? Become a volunteer in our Elderly Care Program and spend time with older adults. Volunteers will help seniors learn how to use smartphones, read, organize small group activities, and provide emotional support. F. Save the Ocean Project (Marine Conservation) Are you passionate about protecting the ocean? Join us in the Save the Ocean Project to clean up beaches, protect marine life, and promote awareness about reducing plastic waste. Passage D （2024·广东广州·二模）根据短文的内容，从所给的选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Baduanjin wins hearts of young Chinese No one expected that Baduanjin would become popular among young Chinese people. In the past couple of years, an online teaching video of Baduanjin, a form of Qigong, has been played for more than 10 million times, “I have been doing Baduanjin for about four months. 1 I like Baduanjin very much because it gives me a much healthier lifestyle,” a young man said. Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness methods in China, originally created over 800 years ago during the Song Dynasty. Its name is made up of two parts, namely “baduan” and “jin”. 2 And the second part refers to the stretch and grace of the movements. Compared to sports such as ball games or swimming, Baduanjin is slow and usually played with soft music. 73 3 It helped kill their neck and back pain after long working hours while not requiring much effort, time and space. Sun Yuxuan, a college student majoring in martial arts, has also noticed the rising popularity of Baduanjin. The 21-year-old girl has been teaching other students to practice for over three years. They started with 20 members in 2019 and the group has 45 members now. “Every member in the group is very active. I didn’t expect that it could attract so many young people. 4 ”. She said. A．It helps me sleep better and get stronger. B．So it used to be considered as a sport for the elders. C．That’s because they receive real benefits from the sport. D．The first part refers to eight separate movements. E．Recently, however, many young people came to realize the advantage of the sport. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $