Unit 3 The environment 人与自然：环境保护（话题阅读精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级下册

Unit 3 The environment 人与自然：环境保护 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 266 讲述了甘肃民勤县地处两大沙漠之间，当地人种植梭梭树治理沙漠化 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 260 科学家改良出可高效分解 PET 塑料的细菌酶 LCC，为解决塑料污染提供新的生物方案 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 269 讲述保罗耗时十五年，将家乡被污染的荒原恢复为 14000 英亩的生态区，践行环保誓言 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 314 介绍了家庭用水的来源、海水淡化的方法、水进入家庭的过程以及水的重要性。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 248 黄山美景依赖工人维护，介绍李培生、胡晓春的护景事迹，呼吁向他们学习 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 298 以北京八中学生的实践为例，说明厨余垃圾可被制成肥料再利用，凸显实践学习的价值 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 312 南极洲成为热门旅游地，游客增加会破坏环境，呼吁游客遵守相关环保规定，保护南极环境 Passage D 阅读匹配 说明文 236 针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。 Passage E 六选五 说明文 272 介绍 “零浪费” 生活的理念与起源，以及一对情侣践行该理念并开设相关商店的经历 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A Greening the Desert Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger. Local people plant suosuo trees, a plant that can survive in the desert, to prevent further desertification (沙漠化). A number of local people have worked hard to turn the place into an oasis (绿洲). 27-year-old Zhong Lin is one of them. Growing up in Minqin, Zhong experienced sandstorms throughout his childhood. He once wanted to run away from his hometown and build his future in southern China. However, he changed his mind when he saw the villagers’ hard life and the terrible environment there. He said, “Suddenly I understood—running away isn’t the solution. Making a difference is the key.” After graduating from university in 2020, Zhong returned to his hometown. “If suosuo trees can take root in sandstorms, why can’t young people?” he wrote in his diary. Since then, Zhong has tried planting suosuo trees in the desert. He planted 500 trees in 2021, but most of them died. So he studied, learned from experienced villagers, and then planted more. After three years’ efforts, the trees he planted are now growing well in the desert, turning the land green and lively. To draw attention to his hometown’s environment, Zhong shared videos about tree planting online and started a “Please Plant a Tree in Minqin” activity. Encouraged by Zhong’s tree-planting story, more and more volunteers from all over the country have come to Minqin to plant trees. Their common goal is to turn the desert into an oasis. 1．（新考法）According to the first paragraph, which of the following should be put in__________ in the map? A．Wuwei B．Badain Jaran Desert C．Gansu D．Tengger Desert 2．Why do people plant suosuo trees in the desert? A．Because planting suosuo trees is not difficult. B．Because suosuo trees need little water or care. C．Because suosuo trees can take root in any climate. D．Because suosuo trees help stop further desertification. 3．What did Zhong Lin decide to do after graduation? A．Run away from his hometown. B．Build his future in southern China. C．Improve the local villagers’ life and the environment. D．Start a volunteer activity to attract more tourists to Minqin. 4．What difficulty did Zhong Lin face in 2021? A．He only bought 500 trees. B．Villagers didn’t trust him. C．Most of the trees he planted died. D．No volunteers helped him. 5．What is the goal for the people who joined the tree-planting activity? A．To turn the desert into an oasis. B．To enjoy the scenery of the deserts. C．To learn more about Zhong Lin. D．To share videos about tree planting. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了甘肃省民勤县位于巴丹吉林和腾格里两大沙漠之间，当地人种植梭梭树防治沙漠化。仲麟大学毕业后返乡投身治沙事业，通过努力带动更多人参与，共同将沙漠变为绿洲。 1．细节理解题。根据第1段“Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger.”可知，民勤县位于甘肃省武威市，位于中国第三大和第四大沙漠——巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间，地图中应填入的Badain Jaran沙漠。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第1段“Local people plant suosuo trees, a plant that can survive in the desert, to prevent further desertification (沙漠化).”可知，种植梭梭树的目的是防止沙漠化。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第3段“After graduating from university in 2020, Zhong returned to his hometown.”、“If suosuo trees can take root…why can’t young people?”及后文行动“After three years’ efforts, the trees he planted are now growing well in the desert, turning the land green and lively.”可知，他选择返乡改善环境和村民生活。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第4段“He planted 500 trees in 2021, but most of them died”可知，2021年仲麟遇到的困难是树苗死亡率高。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Their common goal is to turn the desert into an oasis”可知，参与者的共同目标是将沙漠变成绿洲。故选A。 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第1句）Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger. 译文：民勤县位于甘肃省武威市，处于中国第三大和第四大沙漠——巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间。 分析：本句是主系表结构。Minqin County是主语，is是系动词，between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger是表语。located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Minqin County。 重点词汇 desert /ˈdezət/n. 沙漠；荒漠 oasis /əʊˈeɪsɪs/n. 绿洲 sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/n. 沙尘暴 desertification /dɪˌzɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 沙漠化 locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/v. 位于；坐落于 green /ɡriːn/v. 使变绿；绿化 plant /plɑːnt/n. 植物；/plɑːnt/v. 种植 survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 存活；幸存；生存 prevent /prɪˈvent/v. 阻止；防止 root /ruːt/n. 根；/ruːt/v. 生根 take root 生根；扎根 graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/v. 毕业 return /rɪˈtɜːn/v. 返回 effort /ˈefət/n. 努力 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/n. 志愿者 solution /səˈluːʃn/n. 解决办法；解决方案 lively /ˈlaɪvli/adj. 生机勃勃的 draw /drɔː/v. 吸引 attention /əˈtenʃn/n. 注意力 draw attention to 引起对…… 的注意 share /ʃeə(r)/v. 分享 common /ˈkɒmən/adj. 共同的 goal /ɡəʊl/n. 目标 译文 沙漠变绿 1. 民勤县位于甘肃省武威市，处于中国第三和第四大沙漠——巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间。当地人种植梭梭树，这是一种能在沙漠中存活的植物，以防止沙漠进一步扩张（沙漠化）。 2. 许多当地人努力将这片土地变成绿洲。27岁的仲麟就是其中之一。仲麟在民勤长大，他的整个童年都饱受沙尘暴的困扰。他曾经想逃离家乡，到中国南方去开创自己的未来。 3. 然而，当他看到村民们艰难的生活和恶劣的环境时，他改变了主意。他说：“突然之间我明白了——逃避不是解决办法。有所作为才是关键。”2020年大学毕业后，仲麟回到了家乡。“如果梭梭树能在沙尘暴中扎根，为什么年轻人不行呢？”他在日记中写道。 4. 从那以后，仲麟一直在沙漠里尝试种植梭梭树。2021年他种了500棵树，但大部分都死了。于是他开始学习，向有经验的村民请教，然后种了更多的树。经过三年的努力，他种的树如今在沙漠里生长得很好，让这片土地变得绿意盎然、生机勃勃。 5. 为了引起人们对家乡环境的关注，仲麟在网上分享种树的视频，并发起了“请在民勤种一棵树”的活动。在仲麟的种树故事激励下，越来越多来自全国各地的志愿者来到民勤种树。他们的共同目标是把沙漠变成绿洲。 Passage B The world is being covered by plastic. In China, the amount of plastic waste rose to 14 million kilograms last year, but only about 9% was recycled. Over 1.32 million kilograms of plastic found its way into the world’s oceans, which caused serious pollution. Luckily, researchers have found a special kind of bacteria (细菌) which can help break down plastic recently. The bacteria are so small that we need a microscope to see them. They can “eat” plastic by changing its chemicals into something that will help them grow. The secret to this is enzymes (酶). Bacteria use enzymes to cause chemical changes. In 2012, in the decaying (腐烂的) leaves, scientists discovered an enzyme called LCC that slowly broke down PET plastic. Most people know PET plastic. It is used in water and soda bottles. Most PET is thrown away, but even when it is recycled, it can’t be made into new bottles. Compared with other 100,000 enzymes, it was the best at breaking down PET. To improve LCC, scientists studied the enzyme and the way it broke down the PET. By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme, they found a new kind of LCC．It can be alive at higher temperatures, eat PET very quickly and make most PET plastic reusable. Scientists were satisfied with the result. When the environment was just right, the new LCC was able to break down 90% of the PET in just ten hours. The old enzyme took about 20 hours and only broke down half of the PET. 1．How many plastic products were recycled in China last year? A．About 1.32 million kilograms. B．About 14 million kilograms. C．About 1.26 million kilograms. D．About 118,800 kilograms. 2．Which statement is TRUE about the bacteria? A．Bacteria can be seen with our eyes directly. B．Bacteria can’t be used to break down plastic. C．Enzymes help bacteria change chemicals in plastic. D．Enzymes help bacteria make new plastic products. 3．From Paragraph 3, we can know ________. A．most PET plastic could be made into new bottles again B．an enzyme called LCC was found in PET plastic in 2012 C．LCC was found the best at breaking down PET plastic D．scientists were not satisfied with the speed that LCC broke down plastic 4．Compared with the old LCC, which is NOT the advantage of the new kind? A．It can be alive at very high temperatures. B．It can make all the PET plastic reusable. C．It can break down PET plastic in a faster way. D．It needs less time to break down more PET plastic. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇关于利用细菌酶技术降解塑料污染的说明文。科学家发现并改良了能高效分解PET塑料的细菌酶LCC，为应对全球塑料污染提供了创新的生物技术方案。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“the amount of plastic waste rose to 14 million kilograms last year, but only about 9% was recycled”可知，去年中国塑料垃圾总量为1400万公斤，其中约9%被回收，计算得回收量约为126万公斤（14,000,000 × 9% = 1,260,000 kg）。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bacteria use enzymes to cause chemical changes”可知，酶帮助细菌改变塑料中的化学成分。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Compared with other 100,000 enzymes, it was the best at breaking down PET”可知，LCC在分解PET塑料方面表现最佳。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“the new LCC...make most PET plastic reusable”可知，新LCC能使“大多数”PET塑料可再利用，选项B中“all the PET plastic”表述过于绝对，与原文不符。其他选项均与第四段描述的新LCC优势一致。故选B。 长难句解析 原句：（第4段第2句）By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme, they found a new kind of LCC which can be alive at higher temperatures, eat PET very quickly and make most PET plastic reusable. 译文：通过对这种酶进行数千次的微小改变测试，他们发现了一种新型的LCC，这种LCC能在更高的温度下存活，能非常快速地“吃掉”聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）塑料，还能使大多数PET塑料可再利用。 分析：本句是主从复合句。By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme是方式状语，其中By是介词，表示“通过……方式”，testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme是动名词短语作宾语；主句是they found a new kind of LCC，they是主语，found是谓语，a new kind of LCC是宾语；which can be alive at higher temperatures, eat PET very quickly and make most PET plastic reusable是定语从句，修饰先行词a new kind of LCC，which在从句中作主语，can be alive、eat和make是并列的谓语结构。 重点词汇 plastic waste /ˈplæstɪk weɪst/ 塑料垃圾 recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/v. 回收利用；再利用 bacteria /bækˈtɪəriə/n. 细菌（bacterium 的复数形式） break down 分解；拆分 microscope /ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp/n. 显微镜 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/n. 化学物质；化学制品 enzyme /ˈenzaɪm/n. 酶 decay /dɪˈkeɪ/v. 腐烂；腐朽；衰败 discover /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/v. 发现；发觉 reusable /ˌriːˈjuːzəbl/adj. 可重复使用的；可再次利用的 satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/adj. 满意的；满足的 译文 6. 世界正被塑料所覆盖。在中国，去年塑料垃圾的产生量升至1400万千克，但仅有约9%被回收利用。超过132万千克的塑料流入了世界海洋，造成了严重的污染。幸运的是，研究人员最近发现了一种特殊的细菌，它能够帮助分解塑料。 7. 这种细菌非常微小，我们需要借助显微镜才能看到它们。它们可以通过将塑料中的化学物质转化为有助于自身生长的物质来“吃掉”塑料。其中的奥秘在于酶。细菌利用酶来引发化学变化。 8. 2012年，科学家在腐烂的树叶中发现了一种名为LCC的酶，它能够缓慢分解聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）塑料。大多数人都知道PET塑料，它被用于制作水瓶和汽水瓶。大部分的PET塑料都被丢弃了，而且即使被回收，也无法再制成新的瓶子。与其他10万种酶相比，LCC在分解PET塑料方面表现最为出色。 9. 为了改进LCC，科学家们研究了这种酶以及它分解PET的方式。通过对这种酶进行数千次微小的改变测试，他们发现了一种新型的LCC。它能够在更高的温度下存活，能快速“吃掉”PET，并且能使大多数PET塑料可重复利用。科学家们对这一结果感到满意。在环境条件适宜的情况下，新型LCC能够在短短10小时内分解90%的PET。而旧的酶大约需要20小时，且只能分解一半的PET。 真题示例 Passage A （2025·山东泰安·中考真题）When Paul Jackson was a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter (冶炼厂) which polluted the environment seriously. A beautiful forest nearby was made into a wasteland. He vowed (发誓) that someday he would make the land green again. While at college, he chose botany (植物学). He met a professor who was an expert in ecology (生态学). He told Paul it would take about twenty thousand years to make that wasteland green again. Then Paul got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. He kept thinking about it. One night he took some action. He sneaked out into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings and started planting. For seven hours, he planted the seedlings. Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job, but most of them died. For fifteen years he did this. Once, when all his young trees burned to the ground because of a careless sheepherder, Paul broke down and cried. Then he got up and kept planting. Freezing winds and terrible heat, landslides and floods and fires destroyed (毁坏) his work time and time again. However, he kept planting. Very slowly, amazing things began to take place. Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees, grass and bushes. Many kinds of wildlife live here. Paul received many environmental awards. His hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child. Just keep working, no matter who criticizes you, no matter how long it takes, no matter how many times you fall. 1．What did Paul Jackson vow when he was a boy? A．To work at the copper smelter. B．To make the wasteland green again. C．To win an environmental award. D．To study the wildlife in the forest. 2．Which can best explain the underlined phrase “sneaked out” in Paragraph 3? A．Ran outside excitedly and rapidly. B．Invited others to go out together. C．Walked out quickly and noisily. D．Left secretly to avoid being noticed. 3．How did Paul react (反应) when his young trees burned to the ground? A．He gave up planting from then on. B．He built a wall to protect them. C．He cried but continued planting. D．He decided to plant different kinds of trees. 4．What was the result of Paul’s long-term efforts? A．The wildlife all disappeared from the area. B．Paul became famous and moved to a big city. C．The area was turned into 14,000 acres of green land. D．All the trees he planted were destroyed by earthquakes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍保罗幼年目睹家乡因铜冶炼厂污染沦为荒地，立誓要让土地重披绿装。他坚持十五年，荒原终成一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛，孕育丰富野生动植物群落。他以白发换青葱，践行童稚誓言，诠释了“永不言弃”的环保精神。 1．细节理解题。根据“A beautiful forest nearby was made into a wasteland. He vowed (发誓) that someday he would make the land green again.”可知，附近的一片美丽森林被变成了荒地。他发誓说，总有一天他会让这片土地重新变得绿意盎然。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job”可知，每周，他都会进行这样的秘密行动，所以是偷偷进行的，所以sneaked out应该是“偷偷溜走”的意思，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Paul broke down and cried. Then he got up and kept planting.”可知，保罗情绪崩溃，哭了起来。随后他站起身来，继续播种。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees, grass and bushes.”可知，如今这里已变成了一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛。故选C。 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第1 句）When Paul Jackson was a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter (冶炼厂) which polluted the environment seriously. 译文：当保罗·杰克逊还是个小男孩的时候，他住在一座严重污染环境的老铜冶炼厂附近。 分析：本句是主从复合句。When Paul Jackson was a boy是时间状语从句，其中When是引导词，Paul Jackson是从句主语，was是系动词，a boy是表语；主句是he lived near an old copper smelter，he是主语，lived是谓语，near an old copper smelter是地点状语；which polluted the environment seriously是定语从句，修饰先行词an old copper smelter，which在从句中作主语，polluted是谓语，the environment是宾语，seriously是副词作状语。 重点词汇 copper smelter /ˈkɒpə(r) ˈsmeltə(r)/ 铜冶炼厂 pollute /pəˈluːt/v. 污染；弄脏 wasteland /ˈweɪstlænd/n. 荒地；荒漠 vow /vaʊ/v. 发誓；郑重宣告 botany /ˈbɒtəni/n. 植物学 ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/n. 生态学 seedling /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/n. 幼苗；秧苗 sneak out 偷偷溜出去 sheepherder /ˈʃiːphɜːdə(r)/n. 牧羊人 break down （情绪）崩溃；垮掉 landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/n. 山体滑坡；塌方 award /əˈwɔːd/n. 奖；奖品；奖金 criticize /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/v. 批评；指责 译文 保罗·杰克逊小时候住在一座旧铜冶炼厂附近，这座冶炼厂严重污染了环境。附近一片美丽的森林变成了荒地。他发誓，总有一天他会让这片土地重新披上绿装。 上大学时，他选择了植物学专业。他遇到了一位生态学专家教授。教授告诉他，要让那片荒地重新变绿大约需要两万年的时间。 后来保罗结婚并有了几个孩子。但他的梦想并未熄灭。他一直惦记着这件事。一天晚上，他付诸了行动。他背着满满一包树苗偷偷溜进荒地，开始种树。他种了七个小时。每周，他都会秘密前往荒地，做同样的事，但大部分树苗都死了。他这样坚持了十五年。 有一次，由于一个粗心的牧羊人，他种的小树全都被烧光了，保罗崩溃大哭。但随后他振作起来，继续种树。凛冽的寒风、酷热的天气、山体滑坡、洪水和火灾一次又一次地摧毁他的成果。然而，他依然坚持种树。 慢慢地，令人惊奇的事情开始发生了。如今，这片土地变成了一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛。许多野生动物在这里栖息。保罗获得了许多环保奖项。他的头发变白了，但他成功实现了自己儿时立下的看似不可能实现的誓言。 无论谁批评你，无论需要多长时间，无论你失败多少次，都要坚持努力。 Passage B （2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Where does the water in our homes come from? How do people change sea water into fresh water? How does water come into our homes? This passage will answer these questions. In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers. The water is usually seen all year round. In some places, people get their water from under the ground. They use wells to get the water. In some other places, windmills (风车) are used to get water from under the ground. In some country areas away from the city water supply, people collect rainwater that falls on their roofs (房顶). Pipes from the roofs lead the water into tanks (罐子). The water from rainwater tanks is usually clean enough to drink. In some countries that are in need of water, fresh water is made from sea water in special treatment factories. This is called desalination (脱盐). In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. When the steam is cooled, it becomes fresh water. Only a little salt is left in the fresh water. This makes the water taste better and also stops the pure water taking salts and minerals (矿物质) out of our bodies. Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings? These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water. Before the water is put into these tanks or towers, it goes to a water treatment factory. Some water from rivers or lakes is not clean. If we drink it directly, we may be ill. In the water treatment factory, workers make the water clean and safe for people to drink. Then pipes bring the water to our homes. Water is very important for all living things, but sometimes there is not enough water. We should use water wisely. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By comparing ideas. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By explaining reasons. 2．Where do people in most places get water from? A．Lakes and rivers. B．Lakes and underground water. C．Rivers and rainwater. D．Rainwater and underground water. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Rainwater. B．Salt water. C．Fresh water. D．Pure water. 4．What are tanks or towers used for according to the passage? A．Storing salt. B．Storing pipes. C．Storing minerals. D．Storing clean water. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家庭用水的来源、海水淡化的方法、水进入家庭的过程以及水的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Where does the water in our homes come from? How do people change sea water into fresh water? How does water come into our homes? This passage will answer these questions.”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始这篇文章，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers.”可知，大多数地方的人们从湖泊和河流中获取水，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind.”可知，此处“it”指代的是前文中提到的“salt water”，即盐水被加热直到变成蒸汽，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings? These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water.”可知，这些水箱或水塔是用来储存干净的水的，故选D。 长难句解析 原句：（第 3段第 3句）In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. 译文：​句意：在大多数处理厂，盐水被加热，直到它变成蒸汽，盐被留下。 分析：本句是复合句。In most treatment factories是地点状语；句子主干是salt water is heated，这是一个被动语态结构，salt water是主语，is heated是谓语；until it turns into steam and the salt is left behind是时间状语从句，其中it turns into steam和the salt is left behind是由and连接的并列句。 重点词汇和短语 supply /səˈplaɪ/n. 供应；供给；供应量 collect /kəˈlekt/v. 收集；采集 treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/n. 处理；治疗；对待 desalination /ˌdiːˌsælɪˈneɪʃn/n. 脱盐；海水淡化 steam /stiːm/n. 蒸汽；水蒸气 store /stɔː(r)/v. 储存；贮藏；存放 directly /dəˈrektli/adv. 直接地；径直地 wisely /ˈwaɪzli/adv. 明智地；聪明地 be in need of 需要 take out of 从…… 中取出；除去 译文 我们家中的水从何而来？人们如何将海水转化为淡水？水是如何进入我们家中的？本文将回答这些问题。 在大多数地方，人们从湖泊和河流中取水。这些水源通常全年可见。在一些地方，人们从地下取水，他们通过水井来获取地下水。在其他一些地方，则使用风车从地下抽水。在一些远离城市供水系统的农村地区，人们收集落在屋顶上的雨水。从屋顶引出的管道将雨水导入水箱。水箱中的雨水通常足够干净，可以直接饮用。 在一些缺水的国家，人们在特殊的处理厂将海水转化为淡水，这一过程被称为脱盐。在大多数处理厂中，盐水被加热直至变成蒸汽，盐分则留在了后面。当蒸汽冷却后，就变成了淡水，其中仅残留了少量盐分。这不仅让水的口感更好，还能防止纯水从我们体内带走盐分和矿物质。 你是否见过建筑物顶部的水箱或水塔？这些水箱或水塔是用来储存干净水的。在水被注入这些水箱或水塔之前，它会先被送往水处理厂。一些来自河流或湖泊的水并不干净，如果我们直接饮用，可能会生病。在水处理厂，工人们会对水进行净化处理，使其变得干净安全，可供人们饮用。然后，水通过管道被输送到我们家中。 水对所有生物都非常重要，但有时会出现水资源不足的情况。我们应该明智地用水。 模拟演练 Passage A （2025·山东枣庄·三模）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Huangshan Scenic Area attracts tourists from all over the world with its amazing scenery and excellent environment. This 1 is kept by the hard work of many workers, like Li Peisheng and Hu Xiaochun, who are two good examples of people trying their best to 2 it. Li Peisheng, a sanitation worker (环卫工人) at the Huangshan Scenic Area, can skillfully go along the cliffs (悬崖) by using only a rope to 3 litter. For more than 20 years, Li has climbed and gone down using a rope every day, and the 4 of the rope he has used is an amazing 1,800 kilometers. 5 the 1980s, the Huangshan Scenic Area has used a scientific system to watch and protect the famous Guest-Greeting Pine (迎客松). In 2010, Hu Xiaochun became the 19th person who devoted himself to protecting this 6 tree. Hu carefully writes a daily diary, 7 every detail (细节) of the tree’s condition. Up to now, he has written more than 90 diaries, with a total of about 1.6 million 8 . Both Li Peisheng and Hu Xiaochun are great examples of people who are devoted to protecting the Huangshan Scenic Area. Their 9 work helps to keep the area beautiful and attract tourists from all over the world. We should 10 from them and do our best to protect the environment. Let’s work together to make our world a better place! 1．A．example B．beauty C．hero D．story 2．A．save B．train C．enjoy D．protect 3．A．pick up B．put up C．look up D．turn up 4．A．width B．length C．weight D．height 5．A．After B．During C．Since D．Before 6．A．special B．new C．ordinary D．tiring 7．A．leaving B．recording C．forgetting D．remembering 8．A．phrases B．sentences C．words D．texts 9．A．easy B．relaxing C．good D．hard 10．A．stop B．make C．learn D．borrow 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了黄山景区的美景靠工人维护，介绍了李培生、胡晓春保护景区的事迹，呼吁向他们学习。 1．句意：这一美景靠众多工人的努力维持，像李培生和胡晓春，他们是尽力保护景区的好例子。 example例子；beauty美景；hero英雄；story故事。根据“The Huangshan Scenic Area attracts tourists from all over the world with its amazing scenery”可知，上文提到黄山景区以其迷人风景吸引世界各地游客，故此处说的是景区美景靠工人维持。故选B 。 2．句意：这一美景靠众多工人的努力维持，像李培生和胡晓春，他们是尽力保护景区的好例子。 save拯救；train训练；enjoy享受；protect保护。 从后文两人保护景区环境、树木的事迹，可知此处是保护景区，故选D 。 3．句意：李培生作为环卫工人，能用能熟练地用绳子沿悬崖捡垃圾。 pick up捡起；put up张贴；look up查阅；turn up出现。根据“go along the cliffs by using only a rope to...litter”可知，此处指捡垃圾。故选A 。 4．句意：20多年来，李每天都借助一根绳索攀爬上下，而他所用绳索的长度达到了惊人的1800公里。 width宽度；length长度；weight重量；height高度。根据“the...of the rope he has used is an amazing 1,800 kilometers”可知，此处是说他用过的绳子的长度达到1800 公里，故选B 。 5．句意：自20世纪80年代起，黄山景区用科学系统监测保护迎客松。 After在……后；During在……期间；Since自……以来；Before在……前。根据“...the 1980s, the Huangshan Scenic Area has used...”可知，此处指自从20 世纪80年代开始发生的事情，且句子时态为完成时，故选C 。 6．句意：2010年，胡晓春成为第19位致力于保护这棵特殊树木的人。 special特殊的；new新的；ordinary普通的；tiring累人的。根据“protecting this...tree”可知，迎客松是黄山著名的景点，是一颗特殊的树，故选A 。 7．句意：胡仔细写地记了一本日记，记录树木状况的每个细节。 leaving离开；recording记录；forgetting忘记；remembering记得。根据“writes a daily diary, ...every detail of the tree’s condition”可知，他写日记是记录树木状况的每个细节，故选B 。 8．句意：到目前，他写了90多篇日记，总共约160万个字。 phrases短语；sentences句子；words单词，字；texts文本。根据“with a total of about 1.6 million...”可知，此处指日记总字数约 160万，故选C 。 9．句意：他们辛苦的工作让景区保持美丽，吸引游客。 easy容易的；relaxing放松的；good好的；hard辛苦的。根据“Their...work helps to keep the area beautiful”并结合上文描述可知，他们的工作是非常辛苦的，故选D 。 10．句意：我们应向他们学习，尽力保护环境。 stop停止；make制作；learn学习；borrow借。根据“We should...from them and do our best to protect the environment”可知，此处号召我们保护环境，故应该向他们学习，故选C 。 Passage B ①Do you know that one-third of the food we eat every day gets thrown away, while one in nine people around the world goes hungry? Do you know it takes about 3,072 hours to produce a single grain of rice, yet it only takes a second to waste it? Students from Beijing No.8 Middle School know that and they learn to make kitchen waste into something useful. ②In October, students from Beijing No.8 Middle School visited an exhibition (展览) center that showed how to recycle kitchen waste. ③They saw how kitchen waste, such as fruit peels and leftovers (剩菜), could be turned into something useful. “First, people collect the kitchen waste and then crush (压碎) it. After that, they take out the solid (固体的) part and break it down before turning it into a soil conditioner (土壤调理剂),” 13-year-old Lu Zichen said. He added that this conditioner can help improve the quality of the soil. ④The students also learned how to make liquid fertilizer (液体肥料) from kitchen waste. This fertilizer helps plants grow. Qi Yiming, 13, even tried making it himself. ⑤“It’s quite simple. First, you place the kitchen waste into a container (容器). Then you add microbial agents (微生物菌剂), and let it sit for a few days to get the fertilizer,” Qi explained. “I am so glad to use the knowledge I learned to make liquid fertilizer myself. It is helpful in our daily life and it is a wonderful experience.” ⑥Yu Qian, a teacher from the school and the organizer of the activity, talked about the importance of hands-on learning. “I hope students not only pay attention to the textbook but also go outside to put their knowledge into practice. It makes learning more interesting and useful,” she said. 1．How does the writer lead into his idea in Paragraph 1? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By comparing differences. D．By giving examples. 2．What are the correct steps the students take to make liquid fertilizer from kitchen waste? a. Put the kitchen waste into a container.            b. Crush the kitchen waste. c. Let it sit for a few days.                      d. Add microbial agents. e. Collect some kitchen waste. A．e-c-d-a-b B．e-d-c-b-a C．e-a-b-c-d D．e-b-a-d-c 3．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell people how to throw away kitchen waste. B．To show people that kitchen waste is really useless. C．To ask the students in Beijing to learn how to make fertilizer. D．To suggest kitchen waste could be reused to make fertilizer. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过北京八中学生参观展览、学习将厨房垃圾制成土壤调理剂和液体肥料的事例，说明厨房垃圾可再利用，强调实践学习的意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第①段“Do you know that one-third of the food we eat every day gets thrown away, while one in nine people around the world goes hungry? Do you know it takes about 3,072 hours to produce a single grain of rice, yet it only takes a second to waste it?”可知，作者通过提出问题来引出观点，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第③段“First, people collect the kitchen waste and then crush it”和第⑤段“First, you place the kitchen waste into a container. Then you add microbial agents...let it sit for a few days”可知，制作液体肥料的正确步骤为：收集厨房垃圾（e）→压碎（b）→放入容器（a）→加微生物菌剂（d）→放置几天（c），故选D。 3．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了北京八中的学生参观展览中心，学习将厨余垃圾转化为有用的东西，如土壤调理剂和液体肥料，目的是建议厨余垃圾可以被重新利用来制作肥料，故选D。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第①段提出“食物浪费与厨房废物利用”的话题；第②-⑤段具体讲述北京八中学生参观展览、学习厨房垃圾再利用，其中第②段承上启下，第③段介绍如何制作土壤调理剂，第④⑤段介绍如何制作液体肥料；第⑥段通过老师的话总结实践学习的重要性，整体为“总—分—总” 结构，故选B。 Passage C Antarctica(南极洲) is now a popular travel spot. A famous travel writer, Pico Iyer, recently wrote of his experience in Antarctica. “The visit gives me wonderful memories and also makes me worry about Earth’s environmental problems.” Iyer isn’t alone. Many tourists have this feeling that is called “Antarctic ambassadorship”. About 100,000 tourists visit Antarctica each year. Though this number is tiny compared to tourism standards, their visits can still harm the environment. Most visitors go to the areas where penguins, seals, and birds live for only a few months per year. There’s no host community to protest (抗议) if visitor numbers get too high. Even so, strong protections are in place. There are some strict rules in “Antarctic Treaty System” —the set of international agreements which were signed by over 50 countries. Tour companies have to follow strict environmental rules. For example, to avoid bringing dirt, seeds, or insects to Antarctica, tourists must clean their shoes and vacuum their pockets before setting foot on the ice. They must also stay 5 meters away from wildlife so that animals don’t feel scared. Almost all Antarctic ship owners belong to IAATO (International Association of Antarctic a Tour Operators), the group that manages Antarctic tourism. Recently, IAATO has to report how much fuel they use as part of IAATO’s efforts to make the industry more environment-friendly. Some companies now use special “hybrid ships”. These ships run on both fuel and electricity, which helps lower pollution. For short trips near the coast, the ships can use electric power, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and making them quieter and cleaner. If you’re one of the tourists going to Antarctica this summer, enjoy the experience—but go with care. Be aware that no trip south comes without environmental cost and use this knowledge to make clear-eyed decisions about your activities both in Antarctica and once you’re safely back home. 1．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the famous writer Pico Iyer. B．To ask more people to travel to Antarctica. C．To show worries about Antarctic environment. D．To show how amazing to be Antarctic Ambassador. 2．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “vacuum” in Paragraph 3? A．Protect. B．Empty. C．Increase. D．Fill. 3．According to the text, we can know ________. A．IAATO has taken action to protect the environment B．the writer describes the strict rules by telling stories C．the writer is strongly against travelling to Antarctica D．the number of visitors to Antarctica is beyond standards 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Antarctica Travel: Explore the Ice B．Antarctic Treaty System: Sign and Follow C．Hybrid Ships: Reduce Pollution D．Travel South: Enjoy and Protect 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了南极洲成热门旅游地，但游客增多会破坏环境，现有相关规定和环保措施，呼吁游客享受南极之旅的同时做好环境保护。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The visit gives me wonderful memories and also makes me worry about Earth’s environmental problems.”可知，这次访问给了作者美好的回忆，同时也让作者担心地球的环境问题，由此可推断出第一段的目的是展示对南极环境的担忧。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“to avoid bringing dirt, seeds, or insects to Antarctica, tourists must clean their shoes and vacuum their pockets before setting foot on the ice.”可知，为了避免把泥土、种子或昆虫带到南极洲，游客在踏上冰面之前必须清理鞋子并清空口袋。所以“vacuum”意思是“清空”，与“Empty”意思相近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Recently, IAATO have to report how much fuel they use as part of IAATO’s efforts to make the industry more environment-friendly. Some companies now use special ‘hybrid ships’. These ships run on both fuel and electricity, which helps lower pollution.”可知，IAATO采取了行动来保护环境。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了南极洲旅游的现状以及为保护南极环境所采取的一系列措施，再结合最后一段内容可知，文章主要讲述了去南极旅行，要享受旅行的同时也要保护环境。故选D。 Passage D （2025·广东深圳·一模）下面的材料A-F是六则针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。请根据Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam五位同学的困惑，为他们匹配合适的建议，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 72 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 73 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how. 74 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 75 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 76 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! B．Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect them better. C． Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. D．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates at communities. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。 1．根据“Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference.”可知，汤姆想要保护环境，但是不知道自己的行为是否有用。选项A“从小事做起，减少家中的浪费。例如，使用可重复使用的袋子代替塑料袋，回收纸张。每一个小行动都很重要！”与之匹配，故选A。 2．根据“Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how.”可知，丽萨喜欢小动物，想要参加能保护小动物的活动。选项B“了解当地的野生动物。加入自然俱乐部或在当地动物园做志愿者。了解自然有助于更好地保护它们。”与之匹配，故选B。 3．根据“Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy.”可知，麦克的困惑是，家里人用太多的电，他想要节省能源。选项C“通过关闭不使用的灯和电子设备来节约能源。鼓励家人尽可能使用节能电器。”与之匹配，故选C。 4．根据“Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency.”可知，安娜住在地震频发的地区，她想要学习如何应对紧急情况。选项D“通过创建一个包含水、食物和急救用品的应急工具箱来为自然灾害做准备。讨论家庭应急计划。”与之匹配，故选D。 5．根据“Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment.”可知，山姆想要和家人一起做对环境有益且愉快的事情。选项E“在家种树或开始一个小花园。树木有助于清洁空气，自己种植蔬菜减少了运输和包装的需要。”与之匹配，故选E。 Passage E （2025·广东深圳·二模）请阅读下面的短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. 1 A zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and good-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey. Zero-waste was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. 2 For example, stop the use of one-off objects; give unwanted things to others and so on. Yu Yuan, 27, is attracted by this idea. She and her boyfriend used to buy something unwanted until she saw a video about “zero-waste”. 3 She had a deep impression. 4 They tried to follow the six rules. She started making her own toothpaste and taking reusable bags shopping. Step by step, she made small changes. From August to October, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish. Now the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing. People can buy the reused products there. “It is not something that can happen overnight.” said Yu. “I hope more people will change their lifestyle after visiting our shop because zero-waste life is just around us at our fingertips.” 86 A．At the shop they sell environmentally friendly products. B．She expects more people to join her on the road to zero-waste. C．Later, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend. D．It follows the 6R rule: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot (腐烂). E．In the video, a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar. F．Her idea is to try not to create any rubbish and to save the environment in different ways. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“零浪费”生活方式的理念、起源以及一对年轻情侣实践这种生活方式并开设零浪费商店的经历。 1．根据上文“A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish.”并结合选项可知，此处需补充“零浪费”的具体原则，选项D“它遵循6R规则：拒绝、减少、再利用、维修、回收和腐烂。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“Zero-waste was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson.”并结合选项可知，Bea Johnson首次提出零浪费，此处应是需补充她的理念，选项F“她的想法是尽量不制造任何垃圾，并以不同的方式保护环境。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据上文“She and her boyfriend used to buy something unwanted until she saw a video about ‘zero-waste’.”可知，此处介绍该视频，选项E“在视频中，一个四口之家把他们每年产生的垃圾放在一个罐子里。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据下文“They tried to follow the six rules…she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish”可知，她和男友实践“零浪费”生活方式，选项C“后来，余想和男朋友一起体验这种零浪费的生活方式。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据上文“I hope more people will change their lifestyle after visiting our shop because zero-waste life is just around us at our fingertips.” 可知，她希望更多人加入零浪费行列，选项B“她希望有更多的人和她一起走上零浪费的道路。”符合语境。故选B。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The environment 人与自然：环境保护 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 266 讲述了甘肃民勤县地处两大沙漠之间，当地人种植梭梭树治理沙漠化 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 260 科学家改良出可高效分解 PET 塑料的细菌酶 LCC，为解决塑料污染提供新的生物方案 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 269 讲述保罗耗时十五年，将家乡被污染的荒原恢复为 14000 英亩的生态区，践行环保誓言 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 314 介绍了家庭用水的来源、海水淡化的方法、水进入家庭的过程以及水的重要性。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 248 黄山美景依赖工人维护，介绍李培生、胡晓春的护景事迹，呼吁向他们学习 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 298 以北京八中学生的实践为例，说明厨余垃圾可被制成肥料再利用，凸显实践学习的价值 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 312 南极洲成为热门旅游地，游客增加会破坏环境，呼吁游客遵守相关环保规定，保护南极环境 Passage D 阅读匹配 说明文 236 针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。 Passage E 六选五 说明文 272 介绍 “零浪费” 生活的理念与起源，以及一对情侣践行该理念并开设相关商店的经历 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A Greening the Desert Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger. Local people plant suosuo trees, a plant that can survive in the desert, to prevent further desertification (沙漠化). A number of local people have worked hard to turn the place into an oasis (绿洲). 27-year-old Zhong Lin is one of them. Growing up in Minqin, Zhong experienced sandstorms throughout his childhood. He once wanted to run away from his hometown and build his future in southern China. However, he changed his mind when he saw the villagers’ hard life and the terrible environment there. He said, “Suddenly I understood—running away isn’t the solution. Making a difference is the key.” After graduating from university in 2020, Zhong returned to his hometown. “If suosuo trees can take root in sandstorms, why can’t young people?” he wrote in his diary. Since then, Zhong has tried planting suosuo trees in the desert. He planted 500 trees in 2021, but most of them died. So he studied, learned from experienced villagers, and then planted more. After three years’ efforts, the trees he planted are now growing well in the desert, turning the land green and lively. To draw attention to his hometown’s environment, Zhong shared videos about tree planting online and started a “Please Plant a Tree in Minqin” activity. Encouraged by Zhong’s tree-planting story, more and more volunteers from all over the country have come to Minqin to plant trees. Their common goal is to turn the desert into an oasis. 1．（新考法）According to the first paragraph, which of the following should be put in__________ in the map? A．Wuwei B．Badain Jaran Desert C．Gansu D．Tengger Desert 2．Why do people plant suosuo trees in the desert? A．Because planting suosuo trees is not difficult. B．Because suosuo trees need little water or care. C．Because suosuo trees can take root in any climate. D．Because suosuo trees help stop further desertification. 3．What did Zhong Lin decide to do after graduation? A．Run away from his hometown. B．Build his future in southern China. C．Improve the local villagers’ life and the environment. D．Start a volunteer activity to attract more tourists to Minqin. 4．What difficulty did Zhong Lin face in 2021? A．He only bought 500 trees. B．Villagers didn’t trust him. C．Most of the trees he planted died. D．No volunteers helped him. 5．What is the goal for the people who joined the tree-planting activity? A．To turn the desert into an oasis. B．To enjoy the scenery of the deserts. C．To learn more about Zhong Lin. D．To share videos about tree planting. 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第1句）Minqin County, located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province, is between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger. 译文：民勤县位于甘肃省武威市，处于中国第三大和第四大沙漠——巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间。 分析：本句是主系表结构。Minqin County是主语，is是系动词，between China’s third and fourth largest deserts—the Badain Jaran and the Tengger是表语。located in the city of Wuwei in Gansu Province是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Minqin County。 重点词汇 desert /ˈdezət/n. 沙漠；荒漠 oasis /əʊˈeɪsɪs/n. 绿洲 sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/n. 沙尘暴 desertification /dɪˌzɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 沙漠化 locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/v. 位于；坐落于 green /ɡriːn/v. 使变绿；绿化 plant /plɑːnt/n. 植物；/plɑːnt/v. 种植 survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 存活；幸存；生存 prevent /prɪˈvent/v. 阻止；防止 root /ruːt/n. 根；/ruːt/v. 生根 take root 生根；扎根 graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/v. 毕业 return /rɪˈtɜːn/v. 返回 effort /ˈefət/n. 努力 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/n. 志愿者 solution /səˈluːʃn/n. 解决办法；解决方案 lively /ˈlaɪvli/adj. 生机勃勃的 draw /drɔː/v. 吸引 attention /əˈtenʃn/n. 注意力 draw attention to 引起对…… 的注意 share /ʃeə(r)/v. 分享 common /ˈkɒmən/adj. 共同的 goal /ɡəʊl/n. 目标 译文 沙漠变绿 1. 民勤县位于甘肃省武威市，处于中国第三和第四大沙漠——巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间。当地人种植梭梭树，这是一种能在沙漠中存活的植物，以防止沙漠进一步扩张（沙漠化）。 2. 许多当地人努力将这片土地变成绿洲。27岁的仲麟就是其中之一。仲麟在民勤长大，他的整个童年都饱受沙尘暴的困扰。他曾经想逃离家乡，到中国南方去开创自己的未来。 3. 然而，当他看到村民们艰难的生活和恶劣的环境时，他改变了主意。他说：“突然之间我明白了——逃避不是解决办法。有所作为才是关键。”2020年大学毕业后，仲麟回到了家乡。“如果梭梭树能在沙尘暴中扎根，为什么年轻人不行呢？”他在日记中写道。 4. 从那以后，仲麟一直在沙漠里尝试种植梭梭树。2021年他种了500棵树，但大部分都死了。于是他开始学习，向有经验的村民请教，然后种了更多的树。经过三年的努力，他种的树如今在沙漠里生长得很好，让这片土地变得绿意盎然、生机勃勃。 5. 为了引起人们对家乡环境的关注，仲麟在网上分享种树的视频，并发起了“请在民勤种一棵树”的活动。在仲麟的种树故事激励下，越来越多来自全国各地的志愿者来到民勤种树。他们的共同目标是把沙漠变成绿洲。 Passage B The world is being covered by plastic. In China, the amount of plastic waste rose to 14 million kilograms last year, but only about 9% was recycled. Over 1.32 million kilograms of plastic found its way into the world’s oceans, which caused serious pollution. Luckily, researchers have found a special kind of bacteria (细菌) which can help break down plastic recently. The bacteria are so small that we need a microscope to see them. They can “eat” plastic by changing its chemicals into something that will help them grow. The secret to this is enzymes (酶). Bacteria use enzymes to cause chemical changes. In 2012, in the decaying (腐烂的) leaves, scientists discovered an enzyme called LCC that slowly broke down PET plastic. Most people know PET plastic. It is used in water and soda bottles. Most PET is thrown away, but even when it is recycled, it can’t be made into new bottles. Compared with other 100,000 enzymes, it was the best at breaking down PET. To improve LCC, scientists studied the enzyme and the way it broke down the PET. By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme, they found a new kind of LCC．It can be alive at higher temperatures, eat PET very quickly and make most PET plastic reusable. Scientists were satisfied with the result. When the environment was just right, the new LCC was able to break down 90% of the PET in just ten hours. The old enzyme took about 20 hours and only broke down half of the PET. 1．How many plastic products were recycled in China last year? A．About 1.32 million kilograms. B．About 14 million kilograms. C．About 1.26 million kilograms. D．About 118,800 kilograms. 2．Which statement is TRUE about the bacteria? A．Bacteria can be seen with our eyes directly. B．Bacteria can’t be used to break down plastic. C．Enzymes help bacteria change chemicals in plastic. D．Enzymes help bacteria make new plastic products. 3．From Paragraph 3, we can know ________. A．most PET plastic could be made into new bottles again B．an enzyme called LCC was found in PET plastic in 2012 C．LCC was found the best at breaking down PET plastic D．scientists were not satisfied with the speed that LCC broke down plastic 4．Compared with the old LCC, which is NOT the advantage of the new kind? A．It can be alive at very high temperatures. B．It can make all the PET plastic reusable. C．It can break down PET plastic in a faster way. D．It needs less time to break down more PET plastic. 长难句解析 原句：（第4段第2句）By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme, they found a new kind of LCC which can be alive at higher temperatures, eat PET very quickly and make most PET plastic reusable. 译文：通过对这种酶进行数千次的微小改变测试，他们发现了一种新型的LCC，这种LCC能在更高的温度下存活，能非常快速地“吃掉”聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）塑料，还能使大多数PET塑料可再利用。 分析：本句是主从复合句。By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme是方式状语，其中By是介词，表示“通过……方式”，testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme是动名词短语作宾语；主句是they found a new kind of LCC，they是主语，found是谓语，a new kind of LCC是宾语；which can be alive at higher temperatures, eat PET very quickly and make most PET plastic reusable是定语从句，修饰先行词a new kind of LCC，which在从句中作主语，can be alive、eat和make是并列的谓语结构。 重点词汇 plastic waste /ˈplæstɪk weɪst/ 塑料垃圾 recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/v. 回收利用；再利用 bacteria /bækˈtɪəriə/n. 细菌（bacterium 的复数形式） break down 分解；拆分 microscope /ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp/n. 显微镜 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/n. 化学物质；化学制品 enzyme /ˈenzaɪm/n. 酶 decay /dɪˈkeɪ/v. 腐烂；腐朽；衰败 discover /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/v. 发现；发觉 reusable /ˌriːˈjuːzəbl/adj. 可重复使用的；可再次利用的 satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/adj. 满意的；满足的 译文 6. 世界正被塑料所覆盖。在中国，去年塑料垃圾的产生量升至1400万千克，但仅有约9%被回收利用。超过132万千克的塑料流入了世界海洋，造成了严重的污染。幸运的是，研究人员最近发现了一种特殊的细菌，它能够帮助分解塑料。 7. 这种细菌非常微小，我们需要借助显微镜才能看到它们。它们可以通过将塑料中的化学物质转化为有助于自身生长的物质来“吃掉”塑料。其中的奥秘在于酶。细菌利用酶来引发化学变化。 8. 2012年，科学家在腐烂的树叶中发现了一种名为LCC的酶，它能够缓慢分解聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）塑料。大多数人都知道PET塑料，它被用于制作水瓶和汽水瓶。大部分的PET塑料都被丢弃了，而且即使被回收，也无法再制成新的瓶子。与其他10万种酶相比，LCC在分解PET塑料方面表现最为出色。 9. 为了改进LCC，科学家们研究了这种酶以及它分解PET的方式。通过对这种酶进行数千次微小的改变测试，他们发现了一种新型的LCC。它能够在更高的温度下存活，能快速“吃掉”PET，并且能使大多数PET塑料可重复利用。科学家们对这一结果感到满意。在环境条件适宜的情况下，新型LCC能够在短短10小时内分解90%的PET。而旧的酶大约需要20小时，且只能分解一半的PET。 真题示例 Passage A （2025·山东泰安·中考真题）When Paul Jackson was a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter (冶炼厂) which polluted the environment seriously. A beautiful forest nearby was made into a wasteland. He vowed (发誓) that someday he would make the land green again. While at college, he chose botany (植物学). He met a professor who was an expert in ecology (生态学). He told Paul it would take about twenty thousand years to make that wasteland green again. Then Paul got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. He kept thinking about it. One night he took some action. He sneaked out into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings and started planting. For seven hours, he planted the seedlings. Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job, but most of them died. For fifteen years he did this. Once, when all his young trees burned to the ground because of a careless sheepherder, Paul broke down and cried. Then he got up and kept planting. Freezing winds and terrible heat, landslides and floods and fires destroyed (毁坏) his work time and time again. However, he kept planting. Very slowly, amazing things began to take place. Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees, grass and bushes. Many kinds of wildlife live here. Paul received many environmental awards. His hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child. Just keep working, no matter who criticizes you, no matter how long it takes, no matter how many times you fall. 1．What did Paul Jackson vow when he was a boy? A．To work at the copper smelter. B．To make the wasteland green again. C．To win an environmental award. D．To study the wildlife in the forest. 2．Which can best explain the underlined phrase “sneaked out” in Paragraph 3? A．Ran outside excitedly and rapidly. B．Invited others to go out together. C．Walked out quickly and noisily. D．Left secretly to avoid being noticed. 3．How did Paul react (反应) when his young trees burned to the ground? A．He gave up planting from then on. B．He built a wall to protect them. C．He cried but continued planting. D．He decided to plant different kinds of trees. 4．What was the result of Paul’s long-term efforts? A．The wildlife all disappeared from the area. B．Paul became famous and moved to a big city. C．The area was turned into 14,000 acres of green land. D．All the trees he planted were destroyed by earthquakes. 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第1 句）When Paul Jackson was a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter (冶炼厂) which polluted the environment seriously. 译文：当保罗·杰克逊还是个小男孩的时候，他住在一座严重污染环境的老铜冶炼厂附近。 分析：本句是主从复合句。When Paul Jackson was a boy是时间状语从句，其中When是引导词，Paul Jackson是从句主语，was是系动词，a boy是表语；主句是he lived near an old copper smelter，he是主语，lived是谓语，near an old copper smelter是地点状语；which polluted the environment seriously是定语从句，修饰先行词an old copper smelter，which在从句中作主语，polluted是谓语，the environment是宾语，seriously是副词作状语。 重点词汇 copper smelter /ˈkɒpə(r) ˈsmeltə(r)/ 铜冶炼厂 pollute /pəˈluːt/v. 污染；弄脏 wasteland /ˈweɪstlænd/n. 荒地；荒漠 vow /vaʊ/v. 发誓；郑重宣告 botany /ˈbɒtəni/n. 植物学 ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/n. 生态学 seedling /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/n. 幼苗；秧苗 sneak out 偷偷溜出去 sheepherder /ˈʃiːphɜːdə(r)/n. 牧羊人 break down （情绪）崩溃；垮掉 landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/n. 山体滑坡；塌方 award /əˈwɔːd/n. 奖；奖品；奖金 criticize /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/v. 批评；指责 译文 保罗·杰克逊小时候住在一座旧铜冶炼厂附近，这座冶炼厂严重污染了环境。附近一片美丽的森林变成了荒地。他发誓，总有一天他会让这片土地重新披上绿装。 上大学时，他选择了植物学专业。他遇到了一位生态学专家教授。教授告诉他，要让那片荒地重新变绿大约需要两万年的时间。 后来保罗结婚并有了几个孩子。但他的梦想并未熄灭。他一直惦记着这件事。一天晚上，他付诸了行动。他背着满满一包树苗偷偷溜进荒地，开始种树。他种了七个小时。每周，他都会秘密前往荒地，做同样的事，但大部分树苗都死了。他这样坚持了十五年。 有一次，由于一个粗心的牧羊人，他种的小树全都被烧光了，保罗崩溃大哭。但随后他振作起来，继续种树。凛冽的寒风、酷热的天气、山体滑坡、洪水和火灾一次又一次地摧毁他的成果。然而，他依然坚持种树。 慢慢地，令人惊奇的事情开始发生了。如今，这片土地变成了一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛。许多野生动物在这里栖息。保罗获得了许多环保奖项。他的头发变白了，但他成功实现了自己儿时立下的看似不可能实现的誓言。 无论谁批评你，无论需要多长时间，无论你失败多少次，都要坚持努力。 Passage B （2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Where does the water in our homes come from? How do people change sea water into fresh water? How does water come into our homes? This passage will answer these questions. In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers. The water is usually seen all year round. In some places, people get their water from under the ground. They use wells to get the water. In some other places, windmills (风车) are used to get water from under the ground. In some country areas away from the city water supply, people collect rainwater that falls on their roofs (房顶). Pipes from the roofs lead the water into tanks (罐子). The water from rainwater tanks is usually clean enough to drink. In some countries that are in need of water, fresh water is made from sea water in special treatment factories. This is called desalination (脱盐). In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. When the steam is cooled, it becomes fresh water. Only a little salt is left in the fresh water. This makes the water taste better and also stops the pure water taking salts and minerals (矿物质) out of our bodies. Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings? These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water. Before the water is put into these tanks or towers, it goes to a water treatment factory. Some water from rivers or lakes is not clean. If we drink it directly, we may be ill. In the water treatment factory, workers make the water clean and safe for people to drink. Then pipes bring the water to our homes. Water is very important for all living things, but sometimes there is not enough water. We should use water wisely. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By comparing ideas. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By explaining reasons. 2．Where do people in most places get water from? A．Lakes and rivers. B．Lakes and underground water. C．Rivers and rainwater. D．Rainwater and underground water. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Rainwater. B．Salt water. C．Fresh water. D．Pure water. 4．What are tanks or towers used for according to the passage? A．Storing salt. B．Storing pipes. C．Storing minerals. D．Storing clean water. 长难句解析 原句：（第 3段第 3句）In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. 译文：​句意：在大多数处理厂，盐水被加热，直到它变成蒸汽，盐被留下。 分析：本句是复合句。In most treatment factories是地点状语；句子主干是salt water is heated，这是一个被动语态结构，salt water是主语，is heated是谓语；until it turns into steam and the salt is left behind是时间状语从句，其中it turns into steam和the salt is left behind是由and连接的并列句。 重点词汇和短语 supply /səˈplaɪ/n. 供应；供给；供应量 collect /kəˈlekt/v. 收集；采集 treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/n. 处理；治疗；对待 desalination /ˌdiːˌsælɪˈneɪʃn/n. 脱盐；海水淡化 steam /stiːm/n. 蒸汽；水蒸气 store /stɔː(r)/v. 储存；贮藏；存放 directly /dəˈrektli/adv. 直接地；径直地 wisely /ˈwaɪzli/adv. 明智地；聪明地 be in need of 需要 take out of 从…… 中取出；除去 译文 我们家中的水从何而来？人们如何将海水转化为淡水？水是如何进入我们家中的？本文将回答这些问题。 在大多数地方，人们从湖泊和河流中取水。这些水源通常全年可见。在一些地方，人们从地下取水，他们通过水井来获取地下水。在其他一些地方，则使用风车从地下抽水。在一些远离城市供水系统的农村地区，人们收集落在屋顶上的雨水。从屋顶引出的管道将雨水导入水箱。水箱中的雨水通常足够干净，可以直接饮用。 在一些缺水的国家，人们在特殊的处理厂将海水转化为淡水，这一过程被称为脱盐。在大多数处理厂中，盐水被加热直至变成蒸汽，盐分则留在了后面。当蒸汽冷却后，就变成了淡水，其中仅残留了少量盐分。这不仅让水的口感更好，还能防止纯水从我们体内带走盐分和矿物质。 你是否见过建筑物顶部的水箱或水塔？这些水箱或水塔是用来储存干净水的。在水被注入这些水箱或水塔之前，它会先被送往水处理厂。一些来自河流或湖泊的水并不干净，如果我们直接饮用，可能会生病。在水处理厂，工人们会对水进行净化处理，使其变得干净安全，可供人们饮用。然后，水通过管道被输送到我们家中。 水对所有生物都非常重要，但有时会出现水资源不足的情况。我们应该明智地用水。 模拟演练 Passage A （2025·山东枣庄·三模）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Huangshan Scenic Area attracts tourists from all over the world with its amazing scenery and excellent environment. This 1 is kept by the hard work of many workers, like Li Peisheng and Hu Xiaochun, who are two good examples of people trying their best to 2 it. Li Peisheng, a sanitation worker (环卫工人) at the Huangshan Scenic Area, can skillfully go along the cliffs (悬崖) by using only a rope to 3 litter. For more than 20 years, Li has climbed and gone down using a rope every day, and the 4 of the rope he has used is an amazing 1,800 kilometers. 5 the 1980s, the Huangshan Scenic Area has used a scientific system to watch and protect the famous Guest-Greeting Pine (迎客松). In 2010, Hu Xiaochun became the 19th person who devoted himself to protecting this 6 tree. Hu carefully writes a daily diary, 7 every detail (细节) of the tree’s condition. Up to now, he has written more than 90 diaries, with a total of about 1.6 million 8 . Both Li Peisheng and Hu Xiaochun are great examples of people who are devoted to protecting the Huangshan Scenic Area. Their 9 work helps to keep the area beautiful and attract tourists from all over the world. We should 10 from them and do our best to protect the environment. Let’s work together to make our world a better place! 1．A．example B．beauty C．hero D．story 2．A．save B．train C．enjoy D．protect 3．A．pick up B．put up C．look up D．turn up 4．A．width B．length C．weight D．height 5．A．After B．During C．Since D．Before 6．A．special B．new C．ordinary D．tiring 7．A．leaving B．recording C．forgetting D．remembering 8．A．phrases B．sentences C．words D．texts 9．A．easy B．relaxing C．good D．hard 10．A．stop B．make C．learn D．borrow Passage B ①Do you know that one-third of the food we eat every day gets thrown away, while one in nine people around the world goes hungry? Do you know it takes about 3,072 hours to produce a single grain of rice, yet it only takes a second to waste it? Students from Beijing No.8 Middle School know that and they learn to make kitchen waste into something useful. ②In October, students from Beijing No.8 Middle School visited an exhibition (展览) center that showed how to recycle kitchen waste. ③They saw how kitchen waste, such as fruit peels and leftovers (剩菜), could be turned into something useful. “First, people collect the kitchen waste and then crush (压碎) it. After that, they take out the solid (固体的) part and break it down before turning it into a soil conditioner (土壤调理剂),” 13-year-old Lu Zichen said. He added that this conditioner can help improve the quality of the soil. ④The students also learned how to make liquid fertilizer (液体肥料) from kitchen waste. This fertilizer helps plants grow. Qi Yiming, 13, even tried making it himself. ⑤“It’s quite simple. First, you place the kitchen waste into a container (容器). Then you add microbial agents (微生物菌剂), and let it sit for a few days to get the fertilizer,” Qi explained. “I am so glad to use the knowledge I learned to make liquid fertilizer myself. It is helpful in our daily life and it is a wonderful experience.” ⑥Yu Qian, a teacher from the school and the organizer of the activity, talked about the importance of hands-on learning. “I hope students not only pay attention to the textbook but also go outside to put their knowledge into practice. It makes learning more interesting and useful,” she said. 1．How does the writer lead into his idea in Paragraph 1? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By comparing differences. D．By giving examples. 2．What are the correct steps the students take to make liquid fertilizer from kitchen waste? a. Put the kitchen waste into a container.            b. Crush the kitchen waste. c. Let it sit for a few days.                      d. Add microbial agents. e. Collect some kitchen waste. A．e-c-d-a-b B．e-d-c-b-a C．e-a-b-c-d D．e-b-a-d-c 3．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell people how to throw away kitchen waste. B．To show people that kitchen waste is really useless. C．To ask the students in Beijing to learn how to make fertilizer. D．To suggest kitchen waste could be reused to make fertilizer. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage C Antarctica(南极洲) is now a popular travel spot. A famous travel writer, Pico Iyer, recently wrote of his experience in Antarctica. “The visit gives me wonderful memories and also makes me worry about Earth’s environmental problems.” Iyer isn’t alone. Many tourists have this feeling that is called “Antarctic ambassadorship”. About 100,000 tourists visit Antarctica each year. Though this number is tiny compared to tourism standards, their visits can still harm the environment. Most visitors go to the areas where penguins, seals, and birds live for only a few months per year. There’s no host community to protest (抗议) if visitor numbers get too high. Even so, strong protections are in place. There are some strict rules in “Antarctic Treaty System” —the set of international agreements which were signed by over 50 countries. Tour companies have to follow strict environmental rules. For example, to avoid bringing dirt, seeds, or insects to Antarctica, tourists must clean their shoes and vacuum their pockets before setting foot on the ice. They must also stay 5 meters away from wildlife so that animals don’t feel scared. Almost all Antarctic ship owners belong to IAATO (International Association of Antarctic a Tour Operators), the group that manages Antarctic tourism. Recently, IAATO has to report how much fuel they use as part of IAATO’s efforts to make the industry more environment-friendly. Some companies now use special “hybrid ships”. These ships run on both fuel and electricity, which helps lower pollution. For short trips near the coast, the ships can use electric power, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and making them quieter and cleaner. If you’re one of the tourists going to Antarctica this summer, enjoy the experience—but go with care. Be aware that no trip south comes without environmental cost and use this knowledge to make clear-eyed decisions about your activities both in Antarctica and once you’re safely back home. 1．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the famous writer Pico Iyer. B．To ask more people to travel to Antarctica. C．To show worries about Antarctic environment. D．To show how amazing to be Antarctic Ambassador. 2．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “vacuum” in Paragraph 3? A．Protect. B．Empty. C．Increase. D．Fill. 3．According to the text, we can know ________. A．IAATO has taken action to protect the environment B．the writer describes the strict rules by telling stories C．the writer is strongly against travelling to Antarctica D．the number of visitors to Antarctica is beyond standards 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Antarctica Travel: Explore the Ice B．Antarctic Treaty System: Sign and Follow C．Hybrid Ships: Reduce Pollution D．Travel South: Enjoy and Protect Passage D （2025·广东深圳·一模）下面的材料A-F是六则针对中学生如何处理环保、动物保护与自然灾害的建议。请根据Tom, Lisa, Mike, Anna, Sam五位同学的困惑，为他们匹配合适的建议，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 72 Tom: I want to help the environment, but I don’t know where to start. I feel like my actions won’t make a difference. 73 Lisa: I love animals and want to do something to protect them, but I'm not sure how. 74 Mike: My family uses a lot of electricity at home, and I want to find ways to save energy. 75 Anna: I live in an area where earthquakes sometimes happen, and I want to be ready in case of an emergency. 76 Sam: I want to do something fun and meaningful with my family that also helps the environment. A．Start small by reducing waste at home. For example, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones and recycle paper. Every small action counts! B．Learn about local wildlife. Join a nature club or volunteer for local zoos. Understanding nature helps you protect them better. C． Save energy by turning off lights and electronics when not in use. Encourage your family to use energy-efficient appliances if possible. D．Prepare for natural disasters by creating an emergency tool box with things like water, food, and first aid supplies. Discuss a family plan for emergencies. E. Plant trees or start a small garden at home. Trees help clean the air, and growing your own vegetables reduces the need for transportation and packaging. F. Spread awareness about environmental issues. Share what you’ve learned with friends and classmates at communities. Passage E （2025·广东深圳·二模）请阅读下面的短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. 1 A zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and good-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey. Zero-waste was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. 2 For example, stop the use of one-off objects; give unwanted things to others and so on. Yu Yuan, 27, is attracted by this idea. She and her boyfriend used to buy something unwanted until she saw a video about “zero-waste”. 3 She had a deep impression. 4 They tried to follow the six rules. She started making her own toothpaste and taking reusable bags shopping. Step by step, she made small changes. From August to October, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish. Now the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing. People can buy the reused products there. “It is not something that can happen overnight.” said Yu. “I hope more people will change their lifestyle after visiting our shop because zero-waste life is just around us at our fingertips.” 86 A．At the shop they sell environmentally friendly products. B．She expects more people to join her on the road to zero-waste. C．Later, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend. D．It follows the 6R rule: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot (腐烂). E．In the video, a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar. F．Her idea is to try not to create any rubbish and to save the environment in different ways. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $