Unit 1 Past and present（单元自测·南京专用·2025中考新题型）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测卷 Unit1·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —How long ______ you ______ in Nanjing? —Since I was born. My family has lived here for over 15 years. A. have; been B. did; live C. will; live D. do; live 2. 改编题Nanjing ______ great changes in the past five years. Now it’s one of the most modern cities in East China. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. will see 3. —Have you ever been to the new Jiangsu Grand Theatre? —Yes. I ______ there with my parents last month. It’s amazing. A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go 4. With the development of high-speed rail, ______ from Nanjing to Shanghai has become much faster and more convenient. A. treatment B. tradition C. training D. transport 5. —Why is your uncle so proud of Shenzhen? —Because it ______ from a small fishing village to a world-famous tech city in 40 years. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 6. 原创题China ______ the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou successfully. Many foreign athletes have praised the excellent organization. A. holds B. held C. has held D. will hold 7. —My brother ______ in Beijing for 5 years. He works as a software engineer there. —Really? I hope to visit him soon. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live 8. The government has built more parks in our city. Now people can ______ find a place to relax at weekends. A. hardly B. easily C. suddenly D. quietly 9. —Have you finished reading the book about space exploration? —Not yet. I ______ it for three days and I’ll continue reading tonight. A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read 10. 原创题Shenzhou XVII astronauts ______ in space for over two months. Their work has helped China’s space development a lot. A. have stayed B. stayed C. stay D. will stay 新情境My neighborhood has changed a lot since I was a child. In the past, there were only a few small shops around. We could buy little more than daily necessities. The roads were narrow and sometimes muddy on rainy days. Now, great changes 11 place. A big shopping mall has been built near my home. It offers a wealth of products and services. The roads have been widened and paved with asphalt, making travel much 12 . There are also more green spaces—many trees and flowers have been planted along the streets. My grandparents often say that they never imagined such a comfortable life. 13 the government’s efforts and people’s hard work, our living conditions have improved greatly. I feel lucky to grow up in such a developing community and I 14 the future will be even better. 15 everyone in the neighborhood is proud of the great changes we’ve made. 11. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 12. A. convenient B. more convenient C. most convenient D. the most convenient 13. A. Thanks to B. Because C. Instead of D. As for 14. A. will hope B. hoped C. have hoped D. hope 15. A. is B. are C. was D. were 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Ecotourism (生态旅游) has become popular in recent years. Many villages in China have developed ecotourism to improve local life. Lushan Village is a good example. Forty years ago, Lushan Village was a poor place. People made a living by farming and fishing. The roads were narrow and there were no 16 facilities. Few visitors came here. Most young people left the village to find jobs in cities. Things began to change in 2010. The local government realized the village’s potential (潜力) in nature and culture. They decided to develop ecotourism. First, they 17 the roads and built clean public toilets. Then, they encouraged villagers to turn their old houses into guest houses. Farmers started to grow organic (有机的) vegetables and fruits, which could be 18 to visitors. Over the past 13 years, Lushan Village 19 greatly. Now it has wide roads, beautiful gardens and comfortable guest houses. Every year, thousands of visitors come here to enjoy the fresh air, climb mountains and experience rural life. Young people have returned to work in the village—some run cafes, some work as tour guides, and others manage guest houses. The development of ecotourism has brought many 20 . Villagers’ income has increased a lot. They can now 21 better education and medical care for their families. The village has also become more 22 . People take pride in their hometown and work hard to protect the 23 . “I 24 here since I was born. I have seen the village change from a poor place to a popular tourist spot. I’m glad that we can live a 25 life by protecting nature,” said an old villager. 16. A. tourist B. traffic C. school D. hospital 17. A. built B. widened C. found D. left 18. A. sell B. buy C. borrow D. lend 19. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 20. A. problems B. benefits C. risks D. troubles 21. A. look for B. wait for C. ask for D. pay for 22. A. famous B. dangerous C. quiet D. boring 23. A. nature B. cities C. schools D. hospitals 24. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live 25. A. sad B. angry C. worried D. happy 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） Notice: “Hometown Changes” Photo Competition To show the great changes in our city and countryside, our school is holding a photo competition. Theme: Changes in your hometown (living environment, transport, public facilities, etc.) Time: ·Submission (提交) period: May 1–May 15 ·Result announcement: May 20 Requirements: ·Each student can submit 1–3 photos. ·Each photo must have a short description (within 30 words). ·Photos should be taken in the past 5 years. Prizes: ·First prize (3 students): A camera and a certificate (证书) ·Second prize (5 students): A book about Chinese cities and a certificate ·Third prize (10 students): A notebook and a certificate Submission way: Send your photos and descriptions to the school email: photo_comp@njschool.com Contact: Mr. Li (Tel: 86543210)No. 1 Middle School April 28, 2024 26. What is the theme of the photo competition? A. School life B. Nature beauty C. Hometown changes D. Festival traditions 27. When is the last day to submit photos? A. April 28 B. May 1 C. May 20 D. May 15 28. How many first prizes will be given out? A. 3 B. 5 C. 10 D. 18 （B） Traditional villages are an important part of Chinese culture. They carry the history and customs of ancient China. However, in the past few decades, many traditional villages were in danger of disappearing. Young people left for cities, old houses fell into disrepair, and traditional skills were forgotten. To protect traditional villages, the Chinese government has taken many measures since 2012. Over 6,000 villages have been listed as “Traditional Chinese Villages”. The government provides money to repair old houses and protect cultural relics (文物). Local governments also organize activities to pass on traditional skills, such as paper-cutting and embroidery (刺绣). Many young people have returned to their hometowns to join in the protection work. They use new ways to promote (推广) traditional villages, such as live-streaming (直播) village life on the internet. Tourists are attracted by the ancient buildings, beautiful scenery and unique customs. Ecotourism has become a new way to help villages develop without damaging the environment. Now, traditional villages are coming back to life. Old houses are restored (修复), traditional skills are thriving (兴盛), and villagers are living a better life. These villages are not only places to live but also symbols of Chinese culture. They show the world the beauty of Chinese traditions and the wisdom of our ancestors. 29. Why were many traditional villages in danger of disappearing? A. Because there were too many tourists. B. Because young people left and old houses were in bad condition. C. Because the government didn’t protect them. D. Because there was no ecotourism. 30. When did the government start taking measures to protect traditional villages? A. In 2000 B. In 2012 C. In 2015 D. In 2020 31. How do young people promote traditional villages now? A. By building new houses. B. By forgetting traditional skills. C. By live-streaming village life. D. By stopping ecotourism. 32. What can we infer from the passage? A. Traditional villages are no longer important. B. Ecotourism helps traditional villages develop. C. All young people have left traditional villages. D. The government doesn’t provide money for village protection. （C） New energy vehicles (NEVs, 新能源汽车) have become a hot topic in China. With the development of technology and the government’s support, NEVs are changing the way people travel. Ten years ago, NEVs were not popular. There were few charging stations (充电站), and the driving range (续航里程) was short. Most people preferred gasoline-powered cars (燃油车). However, great changes have taken place since then. The government has built thousands of charging stations across the country. Now, it’s easy to charge NEVs in cities, highways and even small towns. NEV companies have also made great progress in technology. The driving range of NEVs has increased a lot—many models can run over 600 kilometers on a single charge. The price of NEVs has become more affordable, making them popular among ordinary families. Moreover, NEVs produce less air pollution and make little noise, which helps protect the environment. In 2023, the sales of NEVs in China reached over 9 million. Many cities have encouraged people to buy NEVs by offering subsidies (补贴) and free parking. More and more people are choosing NEVs as their daily transport. NEVs are not only changing people’s life but also helping China achieve the goal of carbon neutrality (碳中和). 33. Why were NEVs not popular ten years ago? A. Because they were too expensive. B. Because the government didn’t support them. C. Because they produced too much pollution. D. Because there were few charging stations and short driving range. 34. What progress have NEV companies made? A. They have reduced the number of charging stations. B. They have shortened the driving range. C. They have increased the driving range and lowered the price. D. They have stopped producing NEVs. 35. How many NEVs were sold in China in 2023? A. Over 6 million B. Over 9 million C. Over 10 million D. Over 12 million 36. What’s the benefit of NEVs? A. They pollute the air more. B. They are noisy. C. They help protect the environment. D. They are not affordable for ordinary families. （D） Mr. Wang, 75, has lived in Nanjing all his life. He has witnessed (见证) great changes in the city over the past 70 years. When Mr. Wang was a child, Nanjing was much smaller. The main transport was bicycles and buses. There were only a few tall buildings, and most people lived in bungalows (平房). The roads were narrow, and there were no traffic lights in many places. People shopped at small local markets, and there were no large supermarkets. In the 1980s, Nanjing began to develop rapidly. New roads were built, and more buses were put into use. High-rise buildings (高楼) started to appear. Mr. Wang got a job in a factory and moved into a new apartment with his family. He said, “At that time, having a color TV was a luxury (奢侈品). We would gather with neighbors to watch TV in the evening.” In recent years, Nanjing has become more modern and international. The subway system has been expanded (扩建) to cover most parts of the city. High-speed rail connects Nanjing to other major cities in China. There are many shopping malls, international restaurants and modern hospitals. Mr. Wang’s grandson often takes him to travel by high-speed rail. “I never thought I could travel so fast and comfortably. Nanjing has changed beyond my imagination,” Mr. Wang said with a smile. Mr. Wang believes that the changes in Nanjing are a symbol of China’s development. He is proud of his city and looks forward to more wonderful changes in the future. 37. How long has Mr. Wang lived in Nanjing? A. For 15 years B. For 50 years C. For 80 years D. For 70 years 38. What was transport like in Nanjing when Mr. Wang was a child? A. Mainly bicycles and buses. B. Mainly subways and high-speed rail. C. Mainly cars and taxis. D. Mainly planes and trains. 39. When did Nanjing begin to develop rapidly? A. In the 1960s B. In the 1980s C. In the 2000s D. In the 2020s 40. What does Mr. Wang think of Nanjing’s changes? A. He is sad about the changes. B. He thinks the changes are terrible. C. He is proud of the changes. D. He doesn’t care about the changes. 四、填空。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. Nanjing has made great ______ (进步) in education over the past ten years. 42. The government has built more ______ (设施) for the elderly in our community. 43. With the development of ______ (科技), our life has become more convenient. 44. Many ______ (游客) come to visit the Confucius Temple in Nanjing every year. 45. We should ______ (保护) the environment to make our hometown more beautiful. B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 46. My parents ______ (live) in this apartment since 2010. 47. The company ______ (build) three new factories in our city so far. 48. I ______ (not visit) the new Nanjing Museum yet. I plan to go there next weekend. 49. He ______ (work) as a teacher in this school for 15 years. He loves his job very much. 50. Great changes ______ (take) place in our hometown since 2015. C) 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，有一个单词或短语是多余选项。 plant improve provide reduce protect create Urban Green Spaces: Why They Matter Urban Green Spaces: Why They MatterUrban green spaces, such as parks and community gardens, are important for cities. They not only make cities more beautiful but also 51 a pleasant living environment for people. First, green spaces 52 air quality. Trees and flowers absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, which helps 53 air pollution effectively. Second, they 54 a perfect place for people to relax and exercise. After a busy day’s work, people can walk, run or have a picnic in the park. It’s really good for people’s physical and mental health. Third, green spaces help 55 wildlife. Many birds and small animals can find food and shelter in urban green spaces. In recent years, many cities have built more green spaces. We should also take care of them by not picking flowers or cutting down trees. Let’s work together to make our cities greener and more livable. 五、阅读填空。（共 19 小题，56-63和65-74题1 分，64题2分，满分 20 分） A) 阅读下列短文，根据所读内容，在文章后56-63小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，回答64题问题。 Smart Homes: Past, Present and Future Smart homes are becoming more and more popular. They use technology to make our lives easier and more comfortable. Let’s look at their development. In the past, smart homes were rare. Only a few rich families could afford simple smart devices (设备), such as automatic (自动的) lights. These devices had limited functions and were not connected to each other. Now, smart homes have developed rapidly. Many families have smart devices like smart speakers, cameras and air conditioners. These devices can be controlled by phones or voices. For example, you can turn on the lights or adjust the temperature before you get home. Smart homes also provide safety—smart cameras can send alerts (警报) to your phone if there is any danger. In the future, smart homes will be even more advanced (先进的). AI (人工智能) will play a bigger role. Smart homes will learn people’s habits and adjust automatically. For example, they will turn on the TV to your favorite channel when you get home. They will also connect with other smart devices in the city, such as smart traffic lights, to make life more convenient. Aspect Past Present Future Popularity Rare (56) _________________ More popular Devices Simple smart devices (e.g., automatic lights) Smart speakers, (57) _________________, air conditioners, etc. More advanced devices with (58) _________________ Control way Not mentioned Controlled by (59) _________________ or voices Adjust (60) _________________ based on people’s habits Functions Limited Make life easier, provide (61) _________________ Connect with city smart devices, make life more (62) _________________ Affordability Only rich families could afford Many families can afford More (63) _________________ (64) What do you think is the biggest advantage of smart homes? B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Traditional Crafts: A Treasure of Chinese Culture Traditional crafts are an important part of Chinese culture. They have a long h______ (65) and carry the wisdom of our ancestors. In the past, many people made a living by making traditional crafts. They learned the skills from their families and practiced hard for years. For example, paper-cutting artists used simple scissors to c______ (66) beautiful patterns, and potters (陶艺家) made bowls and vases by h______ (67). These crafts were not only useful but also works of art. However, with the development of modern industry, traditional crafts faced challenges. Many young people were not interested in learning them, and some crafts almost disappeared. In recent years, things have changed. The government has taken measures to p______ (68) traditional crafts. Many craft exhibitions are held every year, and schools offer courses to teach students about traditional crafts. Young people have started to realize the value of these crafts. They use new ideas to c______ (69) new designs, making traditional crafts more popular among young people. Now, traditional crafts are thriving again. They are not only sold in China but also exported (出口) to other countries. Many tourists buy traditional crafts as souvenirs (纪念品). Traditional crafts are more than just products—they are symbols of Chinese c______ (70). We should learn about them, protect them and pass them on to future g______ (71). Many young designers have combined traditional crafts with modern fashion, creating unique p______ (72) that are loved by people of all ages. For example, some brands use traditional embroidery to make clothes and bags, which have become h______ (73) among young consumers. With people’s growing interest in cultural heritage, traditional crafts will have a brighter f______ (74) in the future. 六、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是李华，请根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍你家乡的变化。提示： 居住环境：过去是低矮的房屋，现在是高楼大厦，街道干净整洁； 交通：过去主要靠自行车或步行，现在有公交车、地铁，很多家庭有私家车； 感受：感谢政府和人们的努力，生活更幸福。要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，使用正确的时态； 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit1·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —How long ______ you ______ in Nanjing? —Since I was born. My family has lived here for over 15 years. A. have; been B. did; live C. will; live D. do; live 2. 改编题Nanjing ______ great changes in the past five years. Now it’s one of the most modern cities in East China. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. will see 3. —Have you ever been to the new Jiangsu Grand Theatre? —Yes. I ______ there with my parents last month. It’s amazing. A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go 4. With the development of high-speed rail, ______ from Nanjing to Shanghai has become much faster and more convenient. A. treatment B. tradition C. training D. transport 5. —Why is your uncle so proud of Shenzhen? —Because it ______ from a small fishing village to a world-famous tech city in 40 years. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 6. 原创题China ______ the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou successfully. Many foreign athletes have praised the excellent organization. A. holds B. held C. has held D. will hold 7. —My brother ______ in Beijing for 5 years. He works as a software engineer there. —Really? I hope to visit him soon. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live 8. The government has built more parks in our city. Now people can ______ find a place to relax at weekends. A. hardly B. easily C. suddenly D. quietly 9. —Have you finished reading the book about space exploration? —Not yet. I ______ it for three days and I’ll continue reading tonight. A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read 10. 原创题Shenzhou XVII astronauts ______ in space for over two months. Their work has helped China’s space development a lot. A. have stayed B. stayed C. stay D. will stay 新情境My neighborhood has changed a lot since I was a child. In the past, there were only a few small shops around. We could buy little more than daily necessities. The roads were narrow and sometimes muddy on rainy days. Now, great changes 11 place. A big shopping mall has been built near my home. It offers a wealth of products and services. The roads have been widened and paved with asphalt, making travel much 12 . There are also more green spaces—many trees and flowers have been planted along the streets. My grandparents often say that they never imagined such a comfortable life. 13 the government’s efforts and people’s hard work, our living conditions have improved greatly. I feel lucky to grow up in such a developing community and I 14 the future will be even better. 15 everyone in the neighborhood is proud of the great changes we’ve made. 11. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 12. A. convenient B. more convenient C. most convenient D. the most convenient 13. A. Thanks to B. Because C. Instead of D. As for 14. A. will hope B. hoped C. have hoped D. hope 15. A. is B. are C. was D. were 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Ecotourism (生态旅游) has become popular in recent years. Many villages in China have developed ecotourism to improve local life. Lushan Village is a good example. Forty years ago, Lushan Village was a poor place. People made a living by farming and fishing. The roads were narrow and there were no 16 facilities. Few visitors came here. Most young people left the village to find jobs in cities. Things began to change in 2010. The local government realized the village’s potential (潜力) in nature and culture. They decided to develop ecotourism. First, they 17 the roads and built clean public toilets. Then, they encouraged villagers to turn their old houses into guest houses. Farmers started to grow organic (有机的) vegetables and fruits, which could be 18 to visitors. Over the past 13 years, Lushan Village 19 greatly. Now it has wide roads, beautiful gardens and comfortable guest houses. Every year, thousands of visitors come here to enjoy the fresh air, climb mountains and experience rural life. Young people have returned to work in the village—some run cafes, some work as tour guides, and others manage guest houses. The development of ecotourism has brought many 20 . Villagers’ income has increased a lot. They can now 21 better education and medical care for their families. The village has also become more 22 . People take pride in their hometown and work hard to protect the 23 . “I 24 here since I was born. I have seen the village change from a poor place to a popular tourist spot. I’m glad that we can live a 25 life by protecting nature,” said an old villager. 16. A. tourist B. traffic C. school D. hospital 17. A. built B. widened C. found D. left 18. A. sell B. buy C. borrow D. lend 19. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 20. A. problems B. benefits C. risks D. troubles 21. A. look for B. wait for C. ask for D. pay for 22. A. famous B. dangerous C. quiet D. boring 23. A. nature B. cities C. schools D. hospitals 24. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live 25. A. sad B. angry C. worried D. happy 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） Notice: “Hometown Changes” Photo Competition To show the great changes in our city and countryside, our school is holding a photo competition. Theme: Changes in your hometown (living environment, transport, public facilities, etc.) Time: ·Submission (提交) period: May 1–May 15 ·Result announcement: May 20 Requirements: ·Each student can submit 1–3 photos. ·Each photo must have a short description (within 30 words). ·Photos should be taken in the past 5 years. Prizes: ·First prize (3 students): A camera and a certificate (证书) ·Second prize (5 students): A book about Chinese cities and a certificate ·Third prize (10 students): A notebook and a certificate Submission way: Send your photos and descriptions to the school email: photo_comp@njschool.com Contact: Mr. Li (Tel: 86543210)No. 1 Middle School April 28, 2024 26. What is the theme of the photo competition? A. School life B. Nature beauty C. Hometown changes D. Festival traditions 27. When is the last day to submit photos? A. April 28 B. May 1 C. May 20 D. May 15 28. How many first prizes will be given out? A. 3 B. 5 C. 10 D. 18 （B） Traditional villages are an important part of Chinese culture. They carry the history and customs of ancient China. However, in the past few decades, many traditional villages were in danger of disappearing. Young people left for cities, old houses fell into disrepair, and traditional skills were forgotten. To protect traditional villages, the Chinese government has taken many measures since 2012. Over 6,000 villages have been listed as “Traditional Chinese Villages”. The government provides money to repair old houses and protect cultural relics (文物). Local governments also organize activities to pass on traditional skills, such as paper-cutting and embroidery (刺绣). Many young people have returned to their hometowns to join in the protection work. They use new ways to promote (推广) traditional villages, such as live-streaming (直播) village life on the internet. Tourists are attracted by the ancient buildings, beautiful scenery and unique customs. Ecotourism has become a new way to help villages develop without damaging the environment. Now, traditional villages are coming back to life. Old houses are restored (修复), traditional skills are thriving (兴盛), and villagers are living a better life. These villages are not only places to live but also symbols of Chinese culture. They show the world the beauty of Chinese traditions and the wisdom of our ancestors. 29. Why were many traditional villages in danger of disappearing? A. Because there were too many tourists. B. Because young people left and old houses were in bad condition. C. Because the government didn’t protect them. D. Because there was no ecotourism. 30. When did the government start taking measures to protect traditional villages? A. In 2000 B. In 2012 C. In 2015 D. In 2020 31. How do young people promote traditional villages now? A. By building new houses. B. By forgetting traditional skills. C. By live-streaming village life. D. By stopping ecotourism. 32. What can we infer from the passage? A. Traditional villages are no longer important. B. Ecotourism helps traditional villages develop. C. All young people have left traditional villages. D. The government doesn’t provide money for village protection. （C） New energy vehicles (NEVs, 新能源汽车) have become a hot topic in China. With the development of technology and the government’s support, NEVs are changing the way people travel. Ten years ago, NEVs were not popular. There were few charging stations (充电站), and the driving range (续航里程) was short. Most people preferred gasoline-powered cars (燃油车). However, great changes have taken place since then. The government has built thousands of charging stations across the country. Now, it’s easy to charge NEVs in cities, highways and even small towns. NEV companies have also made great progress in technology. The driving range of NEVs has increased a lot—many models can run over 600 kilometers on a single charge. The price of NEVs has become more affordable, making them popular among ordinary families. Moreover, NEVs produce less air pollution and make little noise, which helps protect the environment. In 2023, the sales of NEVs in China reached over 9 million. Many cities have encouraged people to buy NEVs by offering subsidies (补贴) and free parking. More and more people are choosing NEVs as their daily transport. NEVs are not only changing people’s life but also helping China achieve the goal of carbon neutrality (碳中和). 33. Why were NEVs not popular ten years ago? A. Because they were too expensive. B. Because the government didn’t support them. C. Because they produced too much pollution. D. Because there were few charging stations and short driving range. 34. What progress have NEV companies made? A. They have reduced the number of charging stations. B. They have shortened the driving range. C. They have increased the driving range and lowered the price. D. They have stopped producing NEVs. 35. How many NEVs were sold in China in 2023? A. Over 6 million B. Over 9 million C. Over 10 million D. Over 12 million 36. What’s the benefit of NEVs? A. They pollute the air more. B. They are noisy. C. They help protect the environment. D. They are not affordable for ordinary families. （D） Mr. Wang, 75, has lived in Nanjing all his life. He has witnessed (见证) great changes in the city over the past 70 years. When Mr. Wang was a child, Nanjing was much smaller. The main transport was bicycles and buses. There were only a few tall buildings, and most people lived in bungalows (平房). The roads were narrow, and there were no traffic lights in many places. People shopped at small local markets, and there were no large supermarkets. In the 1980s, Nanjing began to develop rapidly. New roads were built, and more buses were put into use. High-rise buildings (高楼) started to appear. Mr. Wang got a job in a factory and moved into a new apartment with his family. He said, “At that time, having a color TV was a luxury (奢侈品). We would gather with neighbors to watch TV in the evening.” In recent years, Nanjing has become more modern and international. The subway system has been expanded (扩建) to cover most parts of the city. High-speed rail connects Nanjing to other major cities in China. There are many shopping malls, international restaurants and modern hospitals. Mr. Wang’s grandson often takes him to travel by high-speed rail. “I never thought I could travel so fast and comfortably. Nanjing has changed beyond my imagination,” Mr. Wang said with a smile. Mr. Wang believes that the changes in Nanjing are a symbol of China’s development. He is proud of his city and looks forward to more wonderful changes in the future. 37. How long has Mr. Wang lived in Nanjing? A. For 15 years B. For 50 years C. For 80 years D. For 70 years 38. What was transport like in Nanjing when Mr. Wang was a child? A. Mainly bicycles and buses. B. Mainly subways and high-speed rail. C. Mainly cars and taxis. D. Mainly planes and trains. 39. When did Nanjing begin to develop rapidly? A. In the 1960s B. In the 1980s C. In the 2000s D. In the 2020s 40. What does Mr. Wang think of Nanjing’s changes? A. He is sad about the changes. B. He thinks the changes are terrible. C. He is proud of the changes. D. He doesn’t care about the changes. 四、填空。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. Nanjing has made great ______ (进步) in education over the past ten years. 42. The government has built more ______ (设施) for the elderly in our community. 43. With the development of ______ (科技), our life has become more convenient. 44. Many ______ (游客) come to visit the Confucius Temple in Nanjing every year. 45. We should ______ (保护) the environment to make our hometown more beautiful. B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 46. My parents ______ (live) in this apartment since 2010. 47. The company ______ (build) three new factories in our city so far. 48. I ______ (not visit) the new Nanjing Museum yet. I plan to go there next weekend. 49. He ______ (work) as a teacher in this school for 15 years. He loves his job very much. 50. Great changes ______ (take) place in our hometown since 2015. C) 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，有一个单词或短语是多余选项。 plant improve provide reduce protect create Urban Green Spaces: Why They Matter Urban Green Spaces: Why They MatterUrban green spaces, such as parks and community gardens, are important for cities. They not only make cities more beautiful but also 51 a pleasant living environment for people. First, green spaces 52 air quality. Trees and flowers absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, which helps 53 air pollution effectively. Second, they 54 a perfect place for people to relax and exercise. After a busy day’s work, people can walk, run or have a picnic in the park. It’s really good for people’s physical and mental health. Third, green spaces help 55 wildlife. Many birds and small animals can find food and shelter in urban green spaces. In recent years, many cities have built more green spaces. We should also take care of them by not picking flowers or cutting down trees. Let’s work together to make our cities greener and more livable. 五、阅读填空。（共 19 小题，56-63和65-74题1 分，64题2分，满分 20 分） A) 阅读下列短文，根据所读内容，在文章后56-63小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，回答64题问题。 Smart Homes: Past, Present and Future Smart homes are becoming more and more popular. They use technology to make our lives easier and more comfortable. Let’s look at their development. In the past, smart homes were rare. Only a few rich families could afford simple smart devices (设备), such as automatic (自动的) lights. These devices had limited functions and were not connected to each other. Now, smart homes have developed rapidly. Many families have smart devices like smart speakers, cameras and air conditioners. These devices can be controlled by phones or voices. For example, you can turn on the lights or adjust the temperature before you get home. Smart homes also provide safety—smart cameras can send alerts (警报) to your phone if there is any danger. In the future, smart homes will be even more advanced (先进的). AI (人工智能) will play a bigger role. Smart homes will learn people’s habits and adjust automatically. For example, they will turn on the TV to your favorite channel when you get home. They will also connect with other smart devices in the city, such as smart traffic lights, to make life more convenient. Aspect Past Present Future Popularity Rare (56) _________________ More popular Devices Simple smart devices (e.g., automatic lights) Smart speakers, (57) _________________, air conditioners, etc. More advanced devices with (58) _________________ Control way Not mentioned Controlled by (59) _________________ or voices Adjust (60) _________________ based on people’s habits Functions Limited Make life easier, provide (61) _________________ Connect with city smart devices, make life more (62) _________________ Affordability Only rich families could afford Many families can afford More (63) _________________ (64) What do you think is the biggest advantage of smart homes? B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Traditional Crafts: A Treasure of Chinese Culture Traditional crafts are an important part of Chinese culture. They have a long h______ (65) and carry the wisdom of our ancestors. In the past, many people made a living by making traditional crafts. They learned the skills from their families and practiced hard for years. For example, paper-cutting artists used simple scissors to c______ (66) beautiful patterns, and potters (陶艺家) made bowls and vases by h______ (67). These crafts were not only useful but also works of art. However, with the development of modern industry, traditional crafts faced challenges. Many young people were not interested in learning them, and some crafts almost disappeared. In recent years, things have changed. The government has taken measures to p______ (68) traditional crafts. Many craft exhibitions are held every year, and schools offer courses to teach students about traditional crafts. Young people have started to realize the value of these crafts. They use new ideas to c______ (69) new designs, making traditional crafts more popular among young people. Now, traditional crafts are thriving again. They are not only sold in China but also exported (出口) to other countries. Many tourists buy traditional crafts as souvenirs (纪念品). Traditional crafts are more than just products—they are symbols of Chinese c______ (70). We should learn about them, protect them and pass them on to future g______ (71). Many young designers have combined traditional crafts with modern fashion, creating unique p______ (72) that are loved by people of all ages. For example, some brands use traditional embroidery to make clothes and bags, which have become h______ (73) among young consumers. With people’s growing interest in cultural heritage, traditional crafts will have a brighter f______ (74) in the future. 六、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是李华，请根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍你家乡的变化。提示： 居住环境：过去是低矮的房屋，现在是高楼大厦，街道干净整洁； 交通：过去主要靠自行车或步行，现在有公交车、地铁，很多家庭有私家车； 感受：感谢政府和人们的努力，生活更幸福。要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，使用正确的时态； 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit1·南京专用·2025年中考新题型（参考答案） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. D 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 四、填空。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. progress 42. facilities 43. technology 44. tourists 45. protect B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 46. have lived 47. has built 48. haven't visited 49. has worked 50. have taken C) 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，有一个单词或短语是多余选项。 51. create 52. improve 53. reduce 54. provide 55. protect 五、阅读填空。（共 19 小题，56-63和65-74题1 分，64题2分，满分 20 分） A) 阅读下列短文，根据所读内容，在文章后56-63小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，回答64题问题。 56. Popular 57. cameras 58. AI 59. phones 60. automatically 61. safety 62. convenient 63. affordable 64. They make our lives easier, more comfortable and safer.（答案合理即可） B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 65. history 66. cut 67. hand 68. protect 69. create 70. culture 71. generations 72. products 73. hot 74. future 六、书面表达。（满分 15 分） My Hometown's Changes I'm Li Hua. My hometown has experienced great changes over the years. In the past, there were only low and simple houses. Now, tall buildings can be seen everywhere, and the streets are clean and tidy with many trees and flowers. Transport has also improved a lot. People used to travel by bike or on foot. But now, buses and subways are available, and many families have their own cars, making travel much easier. I'm really grateful for the government's efforts and people's hard work. Our life is becoming happier and happier. I love my hometown and look forward to its better future. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit1·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —How long ______ you ______ in Nanjing? —Since I was born. My family has lived here for over 15 years. A. have; been B. did; live C. will; live D. do; live 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你在南京待了多久？—— 从我出生起。我家在这里住了 15 年多。考点：现在完成时（how long 提问动作持续时长，since + 过去时间是现在完成时标志），live 是短暂性动词，需换为 be in 表持续，故选 A。 2. 改编题Nanjing ______ great changes in the past five years. Now it’s one of the most modern cities in East China. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. will see 【答案】C 【解析】句意：南京过去五年发生了巨大变化，如今是华东最现代化的城市之一。考点：现在完成时（in the past five years 是现在完成时标志，表动作从过去持续到现在并产生影响），故选 C。 3. —Have you ever been to the new Jiangsu Grand Theatre? —Yes. I ______ there with my parents last month. It’s amazing. A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你去过江苏大剧院吗？—— 去过，我上月和父母去的，太棒了。考点：一般过去时（last month 是明确过去时间状语，表过去发生的动作），故选 B。 4. With the development of high-speed rail, ______ from Nanjing to Shanghai has become much faster and more convenient. A. treatment B. tradition C. training D. transport 【答案】D 【解析】句意：随着高铁发展，南京到上海的交通变得更快更便捷。考点：名词辨析，treatment 治疗，tradition 传统，training 训练，transport 交通，结合高铁语境选 D。 5. —Why is your uncle so proud of Shenzhen? —Because it ______ from a small fishing village to a world-famous tech city in 40 years. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你叔叔为何为深圳骄傲？—— 因为它 40 年里从小渔村变成世界知名科技城。考点：现在完成时（in 40 years 表动作从过去到现在完成，且结果持续至今），故选 C。 6. 原创题China ______ the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou successfully. Many foreign athletes have praised the excellent organization. A. holds B. held C. has held D. will hold 【答案】B 【解析】句意：中国成功举办了杭州第 19 届亚运会，许多外国运动员称赞组织出色。考点：一般过去时（亚运会是过去已完成的动作，表过去发生的事实），故选 B。 7. —My brother ______ in Beijing for 5 years. He works as a software engineer there. —Really? I hope to visit him soon. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我哥哥在北京住了 5 年，他在那做软件工程师。考点：现在完成时（for 5 years 表动作持续到现在，强调延续性），故选 C。 8. The government has built more parks in our city. Now people can ______ find a place to relax at weekends. A. hardly B. easily C. suddenly D. quietly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：政府在我市建了更多公园，现在人们周末能轻松找到放松的地方。考点：副词辨析，hardly 几乎不，easily 轻松地，suddenly 突然，quietly 安静地，结合语境选 B。 9. —Have you finished reading the book about space exploration? —Not yet. I ______ it for three days and I’ll continue reading tonight. A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你读完太空探索的书了吗？—— 还没，我读了三天，今晚继续读。考点：现在完成时（for three days 表动作从过去持续到现在，未完成），故选 C。 10. 原创题Shenzhou XVII astronauts ______ in space for over two months. Their work has helped China’s space development a lot. A. have stayed B. stayed C. stay D. will stay 【答案】A 【解析】句意：神舟十七号航天员已在太空停留两个多月，他们的工作极大助力中国航天发展。考点：现在完成时（for over two months 是现在完成时标志，表动作持续至今），故选 A。 新情境My neighborhood has changed a lot since I was a child. In the past, there were only a few small shops around. We could buy little more than daily necessities. The roads were narrow and sometimes muddy on rainy days. Now, great changes 11 place. A big shopping mall has been built near my home. It offers a wealth of products and services. The roads have been widened and paved with asphalt, making travel much 12 . There are also more green spaces—many trees and flowers have been planted along the streets. My grandparents often say that they never imagined such a comfortable life. 13 the government’s efforts and people’s hard work, our living conditions have improved greatly. I feel lucky to grow up in such a developing community and I 14 the future will be even better. Everyone in the neighborhood 15 proud of the great changes we’ve made. 11. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 12. A. convenient B. more convenient C. most convenient D. the most convenient 13. A. Thanks to B. Because C. Instead of D. As for 14. A. will hope B. hoped C. have hoped D. hope 15. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【导语】本文是记叙文，主旨大意：作者讲述自童年起居住的社区发生的巨大变化，对比过去简陋的环境与如今便利舒适的现状，感恩发展并表达对社区变迁的自豪之情。 11. 句意：如今，巨大的变化已经发生。take place 表发生，now 结合语境用现在完成时，表动作从过去到现在完成，选 C。 12. 句意：道路拓宽铺柏油，让出行便利得多。much 修饰形容词比较级，convenient 的比较级是 more convenient，选 B。 13. 句意：多亏政府的努力和人们的辛劳，居住条件大幅改善。Thanks to 后接名词短语表 “多亏”，Because 接句子，符合语境选 A。 14. 句意：我希望未来会更好。hope 表现在的想法，用一般现在时，hope 无将来时形式，选 D。 15. 句意：社区里的每个人都为我们的巨变感到自豪。everyone 是不定代词，作主语谓语用单数，表现在状态用 is，选 A。 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Ecotourism (生态旅游) has become popular in recent years. Many villages in China have developed ecotourism to improve local life. Lushan Village is a good example. Forty years ago, Lushan Village was a poor place. People made a living by farming and fishing. The roads were narrow and there were no 16 facilities. Few visitors came here. Most young people left the village to find jobs in cities. Things began to change in 2010. The local government realized the village’s potential (潜力) in nature and culture. They decided to develop ecotourism. First, they 17 the roads and built clean public toilets. Then, they encouraged villagers to turn their old houses into guest houses. Farmers started to grow organic (有机的) vegetables and fruits, which could be 18 to visitors. Over the past 13 years, Lushan Village 19 greatly. Now it has wide roads, beautiful gardens and comfortable guest houses. Every year, thousands of visitors come here to enjoy the fresh air, climb mountains and experience rural life. Young people have returned to work in the village—some run cafes, some work as tour guides, and others manage guest houses. The development of ecotourism has brought many 20 . Villagers’ income has increased a lot. They can now 21 better education and medical care for their families. The village has also become more 22 . People take pride in their hometown and work hard to protect the 23 . “I 24 here since I was born. I have seen the village change from a poor place to a popular tourist spot. I’m glad that we can live a 25 life by protecting nature,” said an old villager. 16. A. tourist B. traffic C. school D. hospital 17. A. built B. widened C. found D. left 18. A. sell B. buy C. borrow D. lend 19. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 20. A. problems B. benefits C. risks D. troubles 21. A. look for B. wait for C. ask for D. pay for 22. A. famous B. dangerous C. quiet D. boring 23. A. nature B. cities C. schools D. hospitals 24. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live 25. A. sad B. angry C. worried D. happy 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. D 【导语】本文为记叙文，以庐山新村为例，讲述其四十年来从贫困村落，依托当地自然与文化潜力发展生态旅游，实现村容、民生、村民收入全方位改善的历程，体现生态旅游对乡村发展的积极意义。 16. 句意：道路狭窄，没有旅游配套设施。解析：选 tourist，前文提村庄贫困、无游客，对应无 “旅游” 设施，traffic 交通 /school 学校 /hospital 医院均不符语境。 17. 句意：首先，他们拓宽道路，修建干净的公共厕所。解析：选 widened，前文提 roads were narrow，此处对应 “拓宽” 道路，built 修建 /found 发现 /left 离开均不合逻辑。 18. 句意：农民开始种植有机蔬果，可卖给游客。解析：选 sell，村民种植蔬果是为向游客售卖盈利，buy 买 /borrow 借 /lend 借出均反义。 19. 句意：过去 13 年，庐山新村发生了巨大变化。解析：选 has changed，Over the past 13 years 是现在完成时标志，主语为单数，需用现在完成时结构。 20. 句意：生态旅游的发展带来了诸多益处。解析：选 benefits，后文提收入增加、生活改善，均为生态旅游的 “益处”，problems 问题 /risks 风险 /troubles 麻烦均反义。 21. 句意：他们现在能为家人支付更好的教育和医疗费用。解析：选 pay for，固定搭配 “支付…… 费用”，look for 寻找 /wait for 等待 /ask for 索要均不符。 22. 句意：村庄也变得更有名气。解析：选 famous，发展旅游后游客增多，村庄变 “知名”，dangerous 危险 /quiet 安静 /boring 无聊均不符。 23. 句意：村民为家乡自豪，并努力保护自然。解析：选 nature，村庄靠自然优势发展生态旅游，核心是保护 “自然”，cities 城市 /schools 学校 /hospitals 医院均无关。 24. 句意：我从出生起就住在这里。解析：选 have lived，since I was born 是现在完成时标志，表动作从过去持续到现在。 25. 句意：我很高兴我们能通过保护自然过上幸福的生活。解析：选 happy，村庄脱贫、生活改善，村民过 “幸福” 生活，sad 伤心 /angry 生气 /worried 担忧均反义。 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） Notice: “Hometown Changes” Photo Competition To show the great changes in our city and countryside, our school is holding a photo competition. Theme: Changes in your hometown (living environment, transport, public facilities, etc.) Time: ·Submission (提交) period: May 1–May 15 ·Result announcement: May 20 Requirements: ·Each student can submit 1–3 photos. ·Each photo must have a short description (within 30 words). ·Photos should be taken in the past 5 years. Prizes: ·First prize (3 students): A camera and a certificate (证书) ·Second prize (5 students): A book about Chinese cities and a certificate ·Third prize (10 students): A notebook and a certificate Submission way: Send your photos and descriptions to the school email: photo_comp@njschool.com Contact: Mr. Li (Tel: 86543210)No. 1 Middle School April 28, 2024 26. What is the theme of the photo competition? A. School life B. Nature beauty C. Hometown changes D. Festival traditions 27. When is the last day to submit photos? A. April 28 B. May 1 C. May 20 D. May 15 28. How many first prizes will be given out? A. 3 B. 5 C. 10 D. 18 【答案】26. C 27. D 28. A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文（通知），主旨大意：第一中学发布 “Hometown Changes” 摄影比赛通知，明确比赛主题、提交及公示时间、作品要求、奖项设置、提交方式和联系方式。 26. 细节理解题。根据 Theme 后的 Changes in your hometown 可知，故选 C。 27. 细节理解题。根据 Submission period: May 1–May 15 可知，故选 D。 28. 细节理解题。根据 First prize (3 students) 可知，故选 A。 （B） Traditional villages are an important part of Chinese culture. They carry the history and customs of ancient China. However, in the past few decades, many traditional villages were in danger of disappearing. Young people left for cities, old houses fell into disrepair, and traditional skills were forgotten. To protect traditional villages, the Chinese government has taken many measures since 2012. Over 6,000 villages have been listed as “Traditional Chinese Villages”. The government provides money to repair old houses and protect cultural relics (文物). Local governments also organize activities to pass on traditional skills, such as paper-cutting and embroidery (刺绣). Many young people have returned to their hometowns to join in the protection work. They use new ways to promote (推广) traditional villages, such as live-streaming (直播) village life on the internet. Tourists are attracted by the ancient buildings, beautiful scenery and unique customs. Ecotourism has become a new way to help villages develop without damaging the environment. Now, traditional villages are coming back to life. Old houses are restored (修复), traditional skills are thriving (兴盛), and villagers are living a better life. These villages are not only places to live but also symbols of Chinese culture. They show the world the beauty of Chinese traditions and the wisdom of our ancestors. 29. Why were many traditional villages in danger of disappearing? A. Because there were too many tourists. B. Because young people left and old houses were in bad condition. C. Because the government didn’t protect them. D. Because there was no ecotourism. 30. When did the government start taking measures to protect traditional villages? A. In 2000 B. In 2012 C. In 2015 D. In 2020 31. How do young people promote traditional villages now? A. By building new houses. B. By forgetting traditional skills. C. By live-streaming village life. D. By stopping ecotourism. 32. What can we infer from the passage? A. Traditional villages are no longer important. B. Ecotourism helps traditional villages develop. C. All young people have left traditional villages. D. The government doesn’t provide money for village protection. 【答案】29. B 30. B 31. C 32. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意：介绍中国传统村落是中华文化重要组成部分，曾面临消失危机，政府出台保护措施、年轻人返乡助力，如今传统村落重焕生机，生态旅游也推动其可持续发展。 29. 细节理解题。根据 many traditional villages were in danger of disappearing 后 Young people left for cities, old houses fell into disrepair 可知，村落濒危是因年轻人外流、老屋破败，故选 B。 30. 细节理解题。根据 To protect traditional villages, the Chinese government has taken many measures since 2012 可知，政府 2012 年开始采取保护措施，故选 B。 31. 细节理解题。根据 They use new ways to promote traditional villages, such as live-streaming village life on the internet 可知，年轻人通过直播乡村生活推广传统村落，故选 C。 32. 推理判断题。根据 Ecotourism has become a new way to help villages develop without damaging the environment 可推知，生态旅游助力传统村落发展，故选 B。 （C） New energy vehicles (NEVs, 新能源汽车) have become a hot topic in China. With the development of technology and the government’s support, NEVs are changing the way people travel. Ten years ago, NEVs were not popular. There were few charging stations (充电站), and the driving range (续航里程) was short. Most people preferred gasoline-powered cars (燃油车). However, great changes have taken place since then. The government has built thousands of charging stations across the country. Now, it’s easy to charge NEVs in cities, highways and even small towns. NEV companies have also made great progress in technology. The driving range of NEVs has increased a lot—many models can run over 600 kilometers on a single charge. The price of NEVs has become more affordable, making them popular among ordinary families. Moreover, NEVs produce less air pollution and make little noise, which helps protect the environment. In 2023, the sales of NEVs in China reached over 9 million. Many cities have encouraged people to buy NEVs by offering subsidies (补贴) and free parking. More and more people are choosing NEVs as their daily transport. NEVs are not only changing people’s life but also helping China achieve the goal of carbon neutrality (碳中和). 33. Why were NEVs not popular ten years ago? A. Because they were too expensive. B. Because the government didn’t support them. C. Because they produced too much pollution. D. Because there were few charging stations and short driving range. 34. What progress have NEV companies made? A. They have reduced the number of charging stations. B. They have shortened the driving range. C. They have increased the driving range and lowered the price. D. They have stopped producing NEVs. 35. How many NEVs were sold in China in 2023? A. Over 6 million B. Over 9 million C. Over 10 million D. Over 12 million 36. What’s the benefit of NEVs? A. They pollute the air more. B. They are noisy. C. They help protect the environment. D. They are not affordable for ordinary families. 【答案】 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. C 【导语】本文是说明文，主旨大意：介绍新能源车成为中国热门话题，十年前因充电站少、续航里程短不受欢迎；如今在政府支持和企业技术进步下，新能源车续航提升、价格亲民、绿色环保，2023 年销量超 900 万辆，改变民众出行方式，还助力中国实现碳中和目标。 33. 细节理解题。根据 Ten years ago, NEVs were not popular. There were few charging stations, and the driving range was short 可知，新能源车十年前不受欢迎的直接原因是充电站少、续航里程短，故选 D。 34. 细节理解题。根据 The driving range of NEVs has increased a lot...The price of NEVs has become more affordable 可知，新能源车企实现了续航提升、价格下调的技术进步，故选 C。 35. 细节理解题。根据 In 2023, the sales of NEVs in China reached over 9 million 可知，2023 年中国新能源车销量超 900 万辆，故选 B。 36. 细节理解题。根据 NEVs produce less air pollution and make little noise, which helps protect the environment 可知，新能源车的优势是污染少、噪音小，利于保护环境，故选 C。 （D） Mr. Wang, 75, has lived in Nanjing all his life. He has witnessed (见证) great changes in the city over the past 70 years. When Mr. Wang was a child, Nanjing was much smaller. The main transport was bicycles and buses. There were only a few tall buildings, and most people lived in bungalows (平房). The roads were narrow, and there were no traffic lights in many places. People shopped at small local markets, and there were no large supermarkets. In the 1980s, Nanjing began to develop rapidly. New roads were built, and more buses were put into use. High-rise buildings (高楼) started to appear. Mr. Wang got a job in a factory and moved into a new apartment with his family. He said, “At that time, having a color TV was a luxury (奢侈品). We would gather with neighbors to watch TV in the evening.” In recent years, Nanjing has become more modern and international. The subway system has been expanded (扩建) to cover most parts of the city. High-speed rail connects Nanjing to other major cities in China. There are many shopping malls, international restaurants and modern hospitals. Mr. Wang’s grandson often takes him to travel by high-speed rail. “I never thought I could travel so fast and comfortably. Nanjing has changed beyond my imagination,” Mr. Wang said with a smile. Mr. Wang believes that the changes in Nanjing are a symbol of China’s development. He is proud of his city and looks forward to more wonderful changes in the future. 37. How long has Mr. Wang lived in Nanjing? A. For 15 years B. For 50 years C. For 80 years D. For 70 years 38. What was transport like in Nanjing when Mr. Wang was a child? A. Mainly bicycles and buses. B. Mainly subways and high-speed rail. C. Mainly cars and taxis. D. Mainly planes and trains. 39. When did Nanjing begin to develop rapidly? A. In the 1960s B. In the 1980s C. In the 2000s D. In the 2020s 40. What does Mr. Wang think of Nanjing’s changes? A. He is sad about the changes. B. He thinks the changes are terrible. C. He is proud of the changes. D. He doesn’t care about the changes. 【答案】37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 【导语】本文是记叙文，主旨大意：75 岁的王先生一生居住在南京，亲身见证了南京 70 年间的巨大变迁，从儿时小城、交通单一、平房为主，到 80 年代快速发展，再到如今现代化国际化大都市，他为城市变化倍感自豪，认为这是中国发展的缩影。 37. 细节理解题。根据 He has witnessed great changes in the city over the past 70 years 及 he has lived in Nanjing all his life 可知，王先生在南京住了 70 年，故选 D。 38. 细节理解题。根据 When Mr. Wang was a child, Nanjing was much smaller. The main transport was bicycles and buses 可知，他儿时南京的主要交通是自行车和公交车，故选 A。 39. 细节理解题。根据 In the 1980s, Nanjing began to develop rapidly 可知，南京在 20 世纪 80 年代开始快速发展，故选 B。 40. 细节理解题。根据 He is proud of his city and looks forward to more wonderful changes in the future 可知，王先生为南京的变化感到自豪，故选 C。 四、填空。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. Nanjing has made great ______ (进步) in education over the past ten years. 【答案】progress 【解析】句意：过去十年南京在教育方面取得了巨大进步。make great progress 是固定短语，progress 为不可数名词，表 “进步”。 42. The government has built more ______ (设施) for the elderly in our community. 【答案】facilities 【解析】句意：政府为我们社区的老人修建了更多设施。more 后接可数名词复数，facility 表 “设施”，复数形式是 facilities。 43. With the development of ______ (科技), our life has become more convenient. 【答案】technology 【解析】句意：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更便捷。of 后接名词，technology 表 “科技”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 44. Many ______ (游客) come to visit the Confucius Temple in Nanjing every year. 【答案】tourists 【解析】句意：每年许多游客来南京参观夫子庙。many 后接可数名词复数，tourist 表 “游客”，复数形式是 tourists。 45. We should ______ (保护) the environment to make our hometown more beautiful. 【答案】protect 【解析】句意：我们应该保护环境，让家乡更美丽。should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，protect 表 “保护”。 B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 46. My parents ______ (live) in this apartment since 2010. 【答案】have lived 【解析】句意：我父母自 2010 年起就住在这套公寓里。结合语境可知，since 2010 是现在完成时标志，主语 parents 是复数，故填 have lived。 47. The company ______ (build) three new factories in our city so far. 【答案】has built 【解析】句意：这家公司到目前为止已在我市建了三座新工厂。结合语境可知，so far 是现在完成时标志，主语 company 是单数，故填 has built。 48. I ______ (not visit) the new Nanjing Museum yet. I plan to go there next weekend. 【答案】haven’t visited 【解析】句意：我还没参观过新南京博物院，计划下周末去。结合语境可知，yet 是现在完成时标志，主语 I，否定式用 haven’t，故填 haven’t visited。 49. He ______ (work) as a teacher in this school for 15 years. He loves his job very much. 【答案】has worked 【解析】句意：他在这所学校当老师 15 年了，他非常热爱这份工作。结合语境可知，for 15 years 是现在完成时标志，主语 he 是单数，故填 has worked。 50. Great changes ______ (take) place in our hometown since 2015. 【答案】have taken 【解析】句意：2015 年以来我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。结合语境可知，since 2015 是现在完成时标志，主语 changes 是复数，take place 无被动，故填 have taken。 C) 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，有一个单词或短语是多余选项。 plant improve provide reduce protect create Urban Green Spaces: Why They Matter Urban Green Spaces: Why They MatterUrban green spaces, such as parks and community gardens, are important for cities. They not only make cities more beautiful but also 51 a pleasant living environment for people. First, green spaces 52 air quality. Trees and flowers absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, which helps 53 air pollution effectively. Second, they 54 a perfect place for people to relax and exercise. After a busy day’s work, people can walk, run or have a picnic in the park. It’s really good for people’s physical and mental health. Third, green spaces help 55 wildlife. Many birds and small animals can find food and shelter in urban green spaces. In recent years, many cities have built more green spaces. We should also take care of them by not picking flowers or cutting down trees. Let’s work together to make our cities greener and more livable. 【答案】51. create 52. improve 53. reduce 54. provide 55. protect 【导语】本文是说明文，主旨大意：介绍城市绿地的重要意义，从创造宜居环境、改善空气质量、减少空气污染、提供休闲场所、保护野生动物五个方面阐述绿地作用，呼吁爱护绿地，共建绿色宜居城市。 51. 句意：它们不仅让城市更美丽，还为人们创造舒适的居住环境。create 表 “创造”，create a living environment 是合理搭配，符合语境。 52. 句意：首先，绿地改善空气质量。improve 表 “改善”，improve air quality 为固定搭配，贴合绿植功能。 53. 句意：树木花草吸收二氧化碳释放氧气，助力有效减少空气污染。reduce 表 “减少”，reduce air pollution 是固定搭配，符合环保逻辑。 54. 句意：其次，它们为人们提供绝佳的休闲健身场所。provide 表 “提供”，provide a place for sb. 是固定句型，搭配精准。 55. 句意：第三，绿地有助于保护野生动物。protect 表 “保护”，protect wildlife 是固定搭配，符合文意。 五、阅读填空。（共 19 小题，56-63和65-74题1 分，64题2分，满分 20 分） A) 阅读下列短文，根据所读内容，在文章后56-63小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，回答64题问题。 Smart Homes: Past, Present and Future Smart homes are becoming more and more popular. They use technology to make our lives easier and more comfortable. Let’s look at their development. In the past, smart homes were rare. Only a few rich families could afford simple smart devices (设备), such as automatic (自动的) lights. These devices had limited functions and were not connected to each other. Now, smart homes have developed rapidly. Many families have smart devices like smart speakers, cameras and air conditioners. These devices can be controlled by phones or voices. For example, you can turn on the lights or adjust the temperature before you get home. Smart homes also provide safety—smart cameras can send alerts (警报) to your phone if there is any danger. In the future, smart homes will be even more advanced (先进的). AI (人工智能) will play a bigger role. Smart homes will learn people’s habits and adjust automatically. For example, they will turn on the TV to your favorite channel when you get home. They will also connect with other smart devices in the city, such as smart traffic lights, to make life more convenient. Aspect Past Present Future Popularity Rare (56) _________________ More popular Devices Simple smart devices (e.g., automatic lights) Smart speakers, (57) _________________, air conditioners, etc. More advanced devices with (58) _________________ Control way Not mentioned Controlled by (59) _________________ or voices Adjust (60) _________________ based on people’s habits Functions Limited Make life easier, provide (61) _________________ Connect with city smart devices, make life more (62) _________________ Affordability Only rich families could afford Many families can afford More (63) _________________ (64) What do you think is the biggest advantage of smart homes? 【答案】56. Popular 57. cameras 58. AI 59. phones 60. automatically 61. safety 62. convenient 63. affordable 64. They make our lives easier, more comfortable and safer.（答案合理即可） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意：文章围绕智能家居的发展历程展开，分别介绍了其过去 “稀有、设备简单、功能有限” 的状态，现在 “快速发展、设备多样、可智能操控且保障安全” 的现状，以及未来 “AI 深度应用、自动适配习惯、联动城市智能设备” 的发展趋势，清晰展现了智能家居如何通过技术让人们生活更便捷舒适。 56. 题目意思：表格询问 “现在智能家居的普及度”，对应过去 “稀有”、未来 “更受欢迎” 的对比。根据原文第一段 “Smart homes are becoming more and more popular” 和第三段 “Now, smart homes have developed rapidly” 可知，现在智能家居已不再稀有，而是 “受欢迎的”，故填 Popular。 57. 题目意思：表格询问 “现在智能家居的设备类型”，需补充与智能音箱、空调并列的设备。原文第三段明确提到 “Many families have smart devices like smart speakers, cameras and air conditioners”，直接给出并列设备 “摄像头”，故填 cameras。 58. 题目意思：表格询问 “未来更先进设备的核心配置”。原文第四段指出 “In the future... AI will play a bigger role”，说明未来智能家居的先进之处在于 AI 的深度应用，故填 AI。 59. 题目意思：表格询问 “现在智能家居的操控方式”，需补充与 “语音” 并列的方式。原文第三段明确说明 “These devices can be controlled by phones or voices”，直接给出另一种操控方式 “手机”，故填 phones。 60. 题目意思：表格询问 “未来智能家居根据人们习惯的调节方式”。原文第四段提到 “Smart homes will learn people’s habits and adjust automatically”，“automatically”（自动地）是修饰 “adjust”（调节）的副词，符合 “调节方式” 的提问，故填 automatically。 61. 题目意思：表格询问 “现在智能家居除‘让生活便捷’外的另一功能”。原文第三段指出 “Smart homes also provide safety”，说明现在智能家居的核心功能之一是 “提供安全保障”，故填 safety。 62. 题目意思：表格询问 “未来智能家居联动城市设备后的效果”。原文第四段结尾提到 “to make life more convenient”，说明联动城市智能设备的目的是 “让生活更便捷”，故填 convenient。 63. 题目意思：表格询问 “未来智能家居的性价比情况”，对应过去 “仅富人负担”、现在 “多数家庭负担” 的对比。结合上下文逻辑，过去仅富人能买，现在普通家庭能买，未来技术发展会让其 “更实惠、更易负担”，“affordable”（可负担的）符合递进逻辑，故填 affordable。 64. 题目意思：询问你认为智能家居最大的优势是什么。全文核心围绕智能家居的价值展开，第一段提到 “make our lives easier and more comfortable”，第三段提到 “provide safety”，这三点是其最核心的优势，整合后即可得出答案。 B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Traditional Crafts: A Treasure of Chinese Culture Traditional crafts are an important part of Chinese culture. They have a long h______ (65) and carry the wisdom of our ancestors. In the past, many people made a living by making traditional crafts. They learned the skills from their families and practiced hard for years. For example, paper-cutting artists used simple scissors to c______ (66) beautiful patterns, and potters (陶艺家) made bowls and vases by h______ (67). These crafts were not only useful but also works of art. However, with the development of modern industry, traditional crafts faced challenges. Many young people were not interested in learning them, and some crafts almost disappeared. In recent years, things have changed. The government has taken measures to p______ (68) traditional crafts. Many craft exhibitions are held every year, and schools offer courses to teach students about traditional crafts. Young people have started to realize the value of these crafts. They use new ideas to c______ (69) new designs, making traditional crafts more popular among young people. Now, traditional crafts are thriving again. They are not only sold in China but also exported (出口) to other countries. Many tourists buy traditional crafts as souvenirs (纪念品). Traditional crafts are more than just products—they are symbols of Chinese c______ (70). We should learn about them, protect them and pass them on to future g______ (71). Many young designers have combined traditional crafts with modern fashion, creating unique p______ (72) that are loved by people of all ages. For example, some brands use traditional embroidery to make clothes and bags, which have become h______ (73) among young consumers. With people’s growing interest in cultural heritage, traditional crafts will have a brighter f______ (74) in the future. 【答案】65. history 66. cut 67. hand 68. protect 69. create 70. culture 71. generations 72. products 73. hot 74. future 【导语】本文是说明文，主旨大意：传统工艺是中华文化的瑰宝，拥有悠久历史，承载着先辈智慧；曾因现代工业发展面临失传危机，如今政府出台保护措施，年轻人结合创新让传统工艺重焕生机，远销海外，成为文化象征，未来前景光明，呼吁传承与保护。 65. 句意：它们有着悠久的历史，承载着先辈的智慧。long 后接名词，history 表 “历史”，long history 为固定搭配，符合语境。 66. 句意：剪纸艺人用简单的剪刀剪出美丽的图案。use sth. to do sth. 后接动词原形，cut 表 “剪、裁剪”，贴合剪纸工艺动作。 67. 句意：陶艺家手工制作碗和花瓶。by hand 是固定短语，表 “手工”，符合陶艺制作方式。 68. 句意：政府已采取措施保护传统工艺。take measures to do sth. 后接动词原形，protect 表 “保护”，契合保护非遗的语境。 69. 句意：他们用新思路创作新设计，让传统工艺更受年轻人欢迎。to 后接动词原形，create 表 “创作、设计”，create new designs 为合理搭配。 70. 句意：传统工艺不仅仅是产品，更是中华文化的象征。Chinese 后接名词，culture 表 “文化”，Chinese culture 为固定搭配，贴合主旨。 71. 句意：我们应了解、保护它们，并将其传承给后代。future 后接名词，generations 表 “世代、后代”，future generations 为固定搭配。 72. 句意：许多年轻设计师将传统工艺与现代时尚结合，打造出受各年龄段人群喜爱的独特产品。unique 后接名词，products 表 “产品”，符合设计创作的成果表述。 73. 句意：一些品牌用传统刺绣制作服饰和包包，深受年轻消费者追捧。become 后接形容词，hot 表 “热门的、受欢迎的”，贴合市场流行语境。 74. 句意：随着人们对文化遗产兴趣日益浓厚，传统工艺未来将拥有更光明的前景。brighter 后接名词，future 表 “未来”，brighter future 为固定搭配，符合文意。 六、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是李华，请根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍你家乡的变化。提示： 居住环境：过去是低矮的房屋，现在是高楼大厦，街道干净整洁； 交通：过去主要靠自行车或步行，现在有公交车、地铁，很多家庭有私家车； 感受：感谢政府和人们的努力，生活更幸福。要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，使用正确的时态； 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 例文： My Hometown's Changes I'm Li Hua. My hometown has experienced great changes over the years. In the past, there were only low and simple houses. Now, tall buildings can be seen everywhere, and the streets are clean and tidy with many trees and flowers. Transport has also improved a lot. People used to travel by bike or on foot. But now, buses and subways are available, and many families have their own cars, making travel much easier. I'm really grateful for the government's efforts and people's hard work. Our life is becoming happier and happier. I love my hometown and look forward to its better future. 【解析】 [总体分析] 1. 题材：记叙文（介绍家乡变化），属于初中英语话题类书面表达，紧扣 “家乡变迁” 核心话题。 2. 时态：核心时态为现在完成时（表从过去到现在的变化），搭配一般过去时（描述过去的情况）、一般现在时（描述现在的情况），时态运用准确且符合话题逻辑。 3. 写作提示：紧扣居住环境、交通 2 个核心变化点，采用 “过去 vs 现在” 对比结构，结尾抒发感受，词数控制 80-100 词，语句通顺无语法错误，无真实信息泄露。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点题，总述家乡变化。介绍身份，用一句话点明家乡这些年发生了巨大变化，引出下文。 第二步：分述变化，分层介绍细节。先写居住环境的变化（过去低矮房屋→现在高楼 + 整洁街道），再写交通的变化（过去自行车或步行→现在公交、地铁或私家车），用对比句式突出变化。 第三步：结尾抒情，表达感受与期盼。感恩政府和人们的努力，点明生活更幸福，表达对家乡未来的美好期许，收束全文。 [亮点词汇] experience great changes 经历巨大变化 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 available 可使用的 make travel much easier 让出行便捷得多 be grateful for 感谢，感激 look forward to 期盼 [高分句型] 1. My hometown has experienced great changes over the years.开篇总起，点明核心主题，高分开篇句 2. People used to travel by bike or on foot. used to do 过去式句型（表过去习惯性动作，现在已改变）对比过去，必考高分句型 3. Many families have their own cars, making travel much easier. 表结果，句式简洁高级 4. Our life is becoming happier and happier. 比较级 + and + 比较级（表 “越来越……”）抒发感受，经典高分句型 5. I love my hometown and look forward to its better future. 并列句 + 动词短语搭配。结尾升华，简洁收尾 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $