Unit 1 Period 3 Grammar-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册学习手册（人教版）

Period 3 现在分词、不定式所作成分 一、现在分词作表语 现在分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该 分词的逻辑主语。现在分词作表语时，其逻 辑主语与之是主动关系，所表示的动作一般 与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 1.The news sounds A.encouraging B.encouraged C.encourage D.to encourage 简析：根据语法分析可知，sounds在此句 中用作连系动词，待选部分应作表语；the news对于动词encourage来说应是主动关系， 即消息鼓舞人心。因此，该题应选A。 2.-How did Bob do in the exams this time? -Well,his father seems with his results. A.pleasing B.please C.pleased D.to please 简析：根据语法分析可知，seems在此句 中用作连系动词，待选部分作表语。his father 对于动词please来说应是被动关系，即成绩 使他的父亲高兴。因此，该题应选C。 3.-How did the audience react to the new play? -They got very A.excite B.excited C.excitedly D.exciting 简析：根据语法分析可知，got在此句中 用作连系动词，待选部分作表语，they对于动 UNIT1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONSO Grammar 词excite来说应是被动关系，即那出新戏使 观众激动。因此，该题应选B。 二、现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足 语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。 现在分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语 就是该分词的逻辑主语。其逻辑主语与现在 分词之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与 句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 1.The next morning she found the man in bed,dead. A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying 简析：根据语法分析可知，待选部分在句 中应作宾补，补充说明宾语the man;宾语the man对于动词lie来说应是主动关系，且lie 这个动作与谓语found同时进行。因此，该题 应选A。 2.-Good morning.Can I help you? -I'd like to have the package madam. A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed 简析：根据语法分析可知，待选部分在句 中应作宾补，补充说明宾语the package;the package对于动词weigh来说只能是被动关 系。因此，该题应选D。 3.If you wave your book in front of your 学(11 高中英语必修第三册（人教版） face,you can feel the air against your face. A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move 简析：使役动词后用现在分词作宾补表 示宾语正发出的动作。因此，该题应选B。 三、现在分词作状语 现在分词一般在句子中作时间、原因、方 式或伴随等状语。现在分词作状语时，逻辑 主语与其之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一 般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 l.“Can't you read?”Mary said, to the notice. A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing 简析：考查现在分词作伴随状语，通过副 词angrily进行干扰。若B选项改为and pointed angrily也对。因此，该题应选A。 2. a reply,he decided to write again A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 简析：考查非谓语动词的否定式是在其 前直接加not。若动作发生在主句动作之前， 用非谓语的完成式。因此，该题应选C。 3.The visiting Minister expressed his sa- tisfaction with the talks, that he had enjoyed his stay here. A.having added B.to add 12 C.adding D.added 简析：考查现在分词作补充说明的状语。 因此，该题应选C。 综上所述，正确认定逻辑主语是正确使 用分词的关键。明白这一道理并不难，最重 要的是要养成“分析句子成分—寻找逻辑 主语一—判断主、被动关系”这一思维定式。 再如： ①Hearing the news,.they got excited..→ 现在分词 逻辑主语 When they heard the news,they got excited. 从这个例句中看出，现在分词的发出者 是主句的主语hey,且主句的主语与现在分 词形成主谓关系。 2She got home,feeling very tired. 逻辑主语 现在分词 主句的主语与feeling形成主谓关系。 3Crossing the road,I saw a girl crying. When I was crossing the road,I saw a girl crying. 4Climbing the step,he heard a terrible voice When he was climbing the step,he heard a terrible voice. 注：主句的主语与从句的主语一致，从句 谓语中含有be动词，除了省略其连接词be cause,if,once,when和从句中的主语，还要省 略其be动词。 当从句中出现“主语+n./ad.”,且该从 句的主语与主句的主语一致时，用be动词的 现在分词形式，即“being+n./ad.”。 5Because he is a child,he can't enter the inter-bar. Being a child,he can't enter the inter-bar. 6Because he is excited,he speaks inco- herently. Being excited,he speaks incoherently. 当主句的主语与从句的主语不一致时， 那么从句的现在分词是独立主格结构。从句 中的主语不能省略。 7Weather permitting,we'll go camping. 现在分词的 主语 逻辑主语 主语不一致 If weather permits,we'll go camping. 形成主谓关系 8He sat in the chair,his glaring eyes looking at her. 9I feel very excited,this being the first time to win first prize. 从上面可以看出，主句中的主语与从句 中的主语不一致，从句中的主语与现在分词 形成主谓关系。因此，现在分词前不能省略 其主语。 四、现在分词的时态和语态 现在分词的时态和语态 主动 被动 般式（指动作通常是 般性的动作，既不明确 being doing 说明发生在现在，也不说 done 明发生在过去、将来) 完成式（指-ing形式的 having having 完成式发生在主句的谓 been done 语的动作之前) done UNIT1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS DNot knowing her address,I wasn't able to contact her..→knowing为一般式 2Having bought our tickets,we went we与buy为主动关系 into the cinema. 从②的句意中得知，买票的动作发生在 进电影院之前，所以要用having done的形式。 3Having cleaned the classroom,hewent he与clean为主动关系 home. 4Having been told many times,he still he与tell为被动关系 made the same mistake 有些现在分词作状语是固定结构，要记 住，如judging from/by,generally speaking, turning to等。 DJudging from his accent,he must be a southerner. 2Generally speaking,his answer is right. 3Turning to the left,he saw a bus passing. 五、不定式 不定式作状语往往表示目的、原因、结 果、比较或独立的成分。表示原因、结果时， 不可置于句首。 DShe shut the window to keep the insects out.（表目的) 2To get a job,he needs a PhD. He needs a PhD in order to get a job. 3To find a job,he attended many inter- views. He attended many interviews in order to 学 13 高中英语必修第三册（人教版） find a job. 注：当不定式位于句首表目的时，相当于 in order to或so as too 4You were silly not to have locked your car.(表原因) 14)学 5To be honest,I don't think we have a chance of winning. 常见的这类短语有to be frank(坦白 说)，to be exact(确切地说)，to begin with(首 先)，to make a long story short(长话短说)等。N参考答案与解析 学习手册参考答案 UNIT 1 FESTIVALS Culture Background Analysis 1一5 TFTFT Period 1 Listening and Speaking I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)were dressed up (2)dressed himself up (3)dressed 2.(1)Congratulations on (2)congratulate yourself on 3.你不应该责备那个男孩：毕竟他还是个孩子。重要 的是他总共就犯了两个错误。 Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1.in 2.dressed 3.on 4.congratulations;on 5.congratulations 6.dress up 7.Dressed in a red coat,she looks more beautiful.8.congratulations to 9.After all 10.All in all,every road leads to Rome,and I do believe hard work pays off. W.语法填空 1.congratulations 2.of 3.to get 4.doing 5.dressed 6.it 7.at 8.the 9.responsible 10.decisions Period 2 Reading and Thinking I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)a wide range of (2)ranging 2.(1)史蒂夫·乔布斯是电子领域的重要人物，因为他 对现代生活和科技方面有非常大的影响。 (2)我们的教科书上有许多图形来帮助解释文本。 参考答案与解析⊙ AND CELEBRATIONS (3)figure out 3.(1)I would be very grateful (2)I am deeply grateful to my parents. 4.(1)is typical of (2)It is typical of him to keep others waiting. 5.(1)In spite of (2)尽管交通阻塞，他还是能准时到达。 6.(1)reflected (2)reflecting 7.(1)it is a special occasion for family reunion (2)on occasion 8.(1)had a lot in common (2)have in common rather than differences Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1.ranging 2.out 3.injured 4.following 5.to;for 6.of 7.on/upon 8.it 9.how 10.occasions 11.how 12.it 13.recognizing 14.to discuss 15.reflection W.语法填空 1.how 2.traditional 3.is celebrated 4.for 5.European 6.an 7.to avoid 8.spending 9.beliefs 10.that /which Period 4 Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sound a- sleep.She got out of the bedroom and ran to the poor trout with a pot.Although she was scared in the darkness,a sense of re- 67