专题06 主谓一致（复习讲义）（重庆专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦主谓一致专题，针对中考必考的就近原则、语法一致、意义一致三大核心规则，构建“考情剖析-思维导图-考点通关-优题精选”的复习体系，通过规则梳理、例句解析、真题训练等环节，配合“抓主语、记标志、判语义、验时态”的解题锦囊，帮助学生系统突破语法难点。 亮点在于语境化命题设计与易错点精准突破，如通过“a number of/the number of”的对比练习，结合校园场景题干培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设置单选、填空、完成句子等分层真题训练，配合5分钟即时反馈，确保高效复习。既能提升学生的考点应用能力，又为教师提供清晰的复习进度指导，实现短时高效备考。

专题06 主谓一致 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 2 ★ 考点一 语法一致 2 ★ 考点二 意义一致 4 ★ 考点三 就近原则 6 04 优题精选·练能提分 7 名词 课程分析 考情剖析 主谓一致在重庆中考英语中主要以语法选择题（1分/题）形式出现，偶尔会在完成句子或者概要补全等综合考查，属于基础必考点，每年考查1-2分，占语法板块分值的10%-15%。 结合近5年（2021-2025）重庆中考真题，主谓一致的考查集中在以下3类核心规则，考查频次从高到低排序：1. 就近原则（考查频次最高）2. 语法一致（次高频）3. 意义一致（考查频次较低）。 命题预测 1. 语境化：题干多设置日常生活、校园场景等简单语境，避免纯语法题的机械考查。 2. 综合性：常与一般现在时、现在进行时等时态结合考查，偶尔与代词、名词单复数联动。 3. 易错点聚焦：专门针对学生易混淆的点命题，如a number of/the number of、集体名词的单复数用法。 解题锦囊 1. 抓核心主语，剥离干扰成分； 2. 记标志词，快速定规则； 3. 凭语义，判集体/抽象名词单复； 4. 验答案，结合时态复核。 考点一 语法一致 主谓一致 概念：主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语的人称和数保持一致。主要分为语法一致、就近一致和意义一致。 一、语法一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用三人称单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other. 1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候，谓语动词用复数，若指的是同一个人、或物或者指同一概念的时候，谓语要用单数。 (1) The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (2) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (3) Bread and butter is our daily food. (4)Both milk and fruit are good for health. 2. 动名词、不定式、主语从句做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 (1) Reading books is good for our mind and health. (2) To be or not to be is a problem. (3) What we need from our parents is their support. (4) Whether or not you can learn well depends on your learning skills. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who、which、that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 e.g. Those who do well in singing may join us. He is one of the students who are praised because of their school report. 4. 主语后跟有with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、without、except、but、including、rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。 e.g. I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame for the accident. Bill as well as his friends volunteers their time to clean up the park. Nobody but you has worked out the problem so far. The teacher, together with her students, is planting trees on the hill now. 5. 由两部分构成的衣物/工具类名词（shoes, socks, shorts, glasses, jeans, trousers, pants等）单独作主语，谓语用复数；若有a/this/that pair of…, this/that kind of…等量词修饰，谓语与量词一致。 Her shoes are under the bed. This kind of shoes is made in China. 6. the number of + 复数名词（“……的数量”）作主语，谓语用单数；a number of + 复数名词（“许多……”）作主语，谓语用复数。 The number of the students in our school is 4,800. A number of the students in our class are from the countryside. 1、 单项选择 1. （2025·北京）— What do you think of the new library? — Great! A number of books ______ in it and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is 2. （2025•江苏苏州）Listening to soft music and reading good books___my favorite ways to relax after a busy day. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. （2025·广东广州）The writer and teacher ______ coming to our school to give a talk next week. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空。 4. （2025·上海）A group of volunteers ______ (clean) up the park every Sunday morning. 5. （2025·重庆A卷）The singer and dancer who ______ (perform) on the stage now is very popular among teenagers. 6. （2025·江苏南京）To learn a foreign language well ______ (require) a lot of practice and patience. 7. （2025·甘肃白银）We all ______ (love) our country very much! 8. （2025·四川达州）He always ______ (spend) time with his family on weekends. 9. （2025·黑龙江绥化）My mother with her students ______ (go) to volunteer at the old people’s home next week. 考点二 意义一致 意义一致 1. 主语前面有each、every、no等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 (1) Each doctor and each nurse is hard-working during the special period of time. (2) No air and no water is found on the moon. (3) Every minute and every second is valuable. 2. 集体名词（family, class, team等）指整体时谓语用单数，强调个体时用复数。 The Green family usually take a walk in the park after dinner. Our class is really like a big family. 3. people, police无单数形式，作主语时谓语用复数。 The police are trying their best to look for the lost boy. 4.“the+姓氏名词复数”（一家人/夫妇）、“the+adj.”（一类人）作主语，谓语用复数。 The Greens enjoy living in Chengdu. The disabled need our help. 5. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 (1) Three thousand miles is a long distance. (2) Eight hours of sleep is enough. (3) Fifty kilograms is not too much to be carried. (4) Twenty minutes is enough to finish the task. (5) Five million dollars is lots of money. 6. 不定代词anyone、anything、everyone、everything、someone、something、no one、nothing、each等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 (1) Is anybody going to tell him the news? (2) I have to go now because someone is waiting for me. (3) Anybody who breaks the rule will be punished. 7. all、some、any、more、most、none、half、a lot of、lots of、plenty of、the rest、分数、百分数+名词做主语，谓语动词单复数取决于它们所修饰或代表的意义。 (1) Half of the apples have gone bad already. (2)70% of the land was covered by forests in the past. (3) Three quarters of the books were published in English. 一、单项选择 1. （2025·山东济南）Three hours ______ not a long time to finish the homework. You can make it. A. is B. are C. have D. has 2. （2025·四川成都）About 70 percent of the students in our class ______ from the countryside. A. comes B. come C. coming D. to come 3. （2025·湖北武汉）Each student and each teacher ______ to wear the school uniform on Monday. A. is required B. are required C. require D. requires 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 4. （2025·广东深圳）About 60 percent of the land in this area ______ (cover) with forests. 5. （2025·四川成都）Ten thousand yuan ______ (be) a large sum of money for a student like him. 6. （2025·湖北武汉）All the information about the new project _____ (be) on the board. You can go and check it. 7. （2025·辽宁沈阳）What he said at the meeting ______ (be) very important for our plan. 8. （2025·陕西西安）The news about the sports meeting ______ (surprise) all of us. 9. （2025·山东济南）Two hours ______ (be) not a long time to finish the homework. You can make it. 考点三 就近原则 就近原则 1. 由连词or、either…or（或者...或者...;要么...要么...）、neither…nor（既不...也不...）、not only…but also…（不仅...而且...）连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词与最靠近的那个名词或代词的人称和数一致。 (1) Either you or Jean is (be) to be sent to New Zealand. (2) Not only his family but also he likes (like) hot pot in Chongqing. (3) Neither Tom nor the Browns like (like) ice cream. 2. There be句型中be的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。 (1) There is (be) a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. (2) Here are (be) some gifts and a letter for you. 一、单项选择。 1. （2025·浙江杭州）Neither my parents nor my brother ______ been to Beijing before. A. have B. has C. is D. are 2. （2025·湖南长沙）There ______ a pen, two pencils and a notebook on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has 3. （2025·河南郑州）Either you or your sister ______ to take care of your grandma this weekend. A. have B. has C. are D. is 4. （2025·陕西西安）Not only the students but also their teacher ______ interested in the new film. A. am B. is C. are D. be 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 5. （2025·浙江杭州）Neither my friends nor I ______ (have) ever been to the Great Wall before. 6. （2025·湖南长沙）There ______ (be) a book, a pen and two erasers in my schoolbag. 7. （2025·河南郑州）Not only the children but also their father ______ (like) playing basketball in their free time. 8. （2025·陕西西安）Either you or your classmate ______ (be) responsible for the broken window. 9. （2025·甘肃白银）Look! There ______ (be) a notebook and three keys on the desk. 10. （2025·黑龙江）There ______ (be) no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list. We need to add them to the salad. 11. （2025·安徽合肥）Not only the teachers but also one of the top students ______ (attend) the meeting this time yesterday. 12. （2025·福建福州）There ______ (be) two chairs and a desk in the room. 3、 完成句子。 13. （2025·天津）The number of people in the hall is 200. (改为同义句) ______ ______ 200 people in the hall. 14. （2025·重庆B卷）A group of students is cleaning the street. (改为一般疑问句) ______ a group of students ______ the street? 15. （2025·山东青岛）Neither Tom nor his parents like playing football. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ neither Tom nor his parents like doing? 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The factory used 65 percent of the materials, the rest ______ (be) saved for other purposes. 2. One third of the country ______ (be) covered with trees and the 90% of the population ______ (be) black people. 3. Barbara is the only one of the women who ______ (wear) an evening dress. 4. Listening to loud music ______ (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers. 5. The teacher together with the students ______ (be) discussing the welcome party. 6. Every boy and girl in the area ______ (be) invited to the party last night. 7. A survey of the opinions of experts ______ (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ______ (be) good for one’s health. 8. A poet and artist ______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. 9. The father as well as his three children ______ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 10. As you can see, the number of cars on roads ______ (keep) rising these days and a number of accidents ______ (happen) every day. 11. All the scientific research ______ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ (do) harm to our health. 12. Not only Mr. Black but also the professor ______ (be) about to attend our school meeting. 二、语法选择。 从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Rita was in the shopping mall, looking for a gift for her little daughter. Suddenly she stopped before ____1____ store. There were all kinds of dolls in it. “Why not ____2____ her a lovely doll? Girls like dolls,” she thought when she walked into the store. When ____3____ around, she saw a grandma doll—one with gray hair and a pair of glasses. As she looked at it, in her mind was Linda, her mother. When Rita was a little girl, she got her first doll from Linda for her birthday. She was very happy. Then the second, the third... Rita asked her mum why all the gifts were dolls, the answer was always “A girl can never have enough ____4____.” Year after year, Rita grew up and Linda grew old, but a doll a year from Linda never arrived late. “But why always a doll?” This question was in Rita’s mind. One day her father gave the answer. Little Linda dreamed to have a doll. Her parents promised ____5____ for her fifth birthday. ____6____, they both died in a traffic accident before it arrived. The never-received gift was the most precious (珍贵的) in her eyes. That’s why she thought dolls were ____7____ birthday gifts for Rita. Then Rita got an idea... It was Linda’s ____8____ birthday. Much to Linda’s surprise, she got a gift, with a card: Dear Linda, I ____9____ to send you the package that you should have received on May 20, 1956, your fifth birthday. The gift inside has aged, but I felt that you might still wish to have it. Sorry for the lateness! Love, Angel of Joy Linda opened the package and saw a lovely grandma doll. She clasped (紧抱) the doll that she waited so many years, tears running down her face. The doll, ____10____ by “Angel of Joy”, made her the happiest “child” alive. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. to get B. get C. getting 3. A. look B. to look C. looking 4. A. dolls B. doll C. doll’s 5. A. one B. ones C. it 6. A. Sad B. Sadly C. Sadness 7. A. good B. better C. the best 8. A. sixtieth B. sixty C. sixties 9. A. forget B. forgot C. will forget 10. A. give B. gave C. given 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】本文讲述了Rita在商场为女儿挑选礼物时，回忆起自己小时候母亲每年送给她一个娃娃作为生日礼物的经历，通过这个故事，展现了母女之间的深厚情感和爱的传承。 【1题详解】句意：突然，她在一家商店前停了下来。a一，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；an一，用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；the表特指。根据“Suddenly she stopped before... store.”可知，此处泛指“一个商店”，且store是以辅音音素开头的单词。故选A。 【2题详解】句意：为什么不给她买个可爱的洋娃娃呢？to get动词不定式；get动词原形；getting动词-ing形式。why not do sth.“为什么不做某事呢？”，是固定用法。故选B。 【3题详解】句意：当她环顾四周时，她看到了一个奶奶娃娃——一个灰色的头发和一副眼镜。look动词原形；to look动词不定式；looking动词-ing形式。当when引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，从句可以用“when+分词”的形式替代，此处是主动语态，因此用looking，表示“当她环顾四周时”。故选C。 【4题详解】句意：女孩永远不会嫌洋娃娃多。dolls洋娃娃，名词复数形式；doll洋娃娃，单数名词；doll’s洋娃娃的，名词所有格。根据“A girl can never have enough...”可知，此处用名词复数形式来表示“多个娃娃”。故选A。 【5题详解】句意：她的父母答应在她五岁生日时送她一个。one指代前文提到的同类事物中的一个；ones指代前文提到的同类事物中的多个；it指代前文明确提到的同一事物。根据“Little Linda dreamed to have a doll.”可知，此处指代前面提到的单数名词“doll”，表示“一个娃娃”。故选A。 【6题详解】句意：不幸的是，他们都在它到达之前死于交通事故。Sad伤心的；Sadly不幸地；Sadness难过。根据“they both died in a traffic accident before it arrived.”可知，此处修饰整个句子，应用副词。故选B。 【7题详解】句意：这就是为什么她认为洋娃娃是送给Rita最好的生日礼物。 good好的；better比较好的；the best最好的。根据“That’s why she thought dolls were... birthday gifts for Rita.”可知，此处应用最高级形式“the best”来表示“最好的”。故选C。 【8题详解】句意：这是琳达的六十岁生日。sixtieth第六十；sixty六十；sixties错误表达。根据“It was Linda’s... birthday.”可知，表示某人的多少岁生日，用序数词。故选A。 【9题详解】句意：我忘了把你应该在1956年5月20日你5岁生日那天收到的包裹寄给你了。forget一般现在时；forgot一般过去时；will forget一般将来时。根据“on May 20, 1956”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时。故选B。 【10题详解】句意：这个娃娃是“快乐天使”送给她的，使她成为世界上最幸福的“孩子”。give动词原形；gave动词过去式；given过去分词。根据“by ‘Angel of Joy’”可知，此处用过去分词形式“given”作为后置定语来修饰“doll”，表示“被给予的”。故选C。 三、完形填空。 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Finishing a marathon (马拉松)—a 26.2-mile (42.2-kilometer) race—is always special. But the marathon that Hilde Dosogne finished on December 31, 2024 was super-special: it was the ____1____ of the 366 marathons she had run in 2024. Last year, Dosogne, a 55-year-old scientist, ran a marathon every day, all year long, making her the first woman to run a marathon every single day of the year. She also raised over $75,000 ____2____ breast cancer research. She knew several friends and fellow runners who had cancer, recovered or went into remission (缓解期)—all stories that had a big ____3____ on her. That’s why she decided to do the super-special running to help them. Running 366 marathons means running 9,596 miles (15,444 kilometers). But Dosogne ran even ____4____ she ran a little more every day, just to make sure she had covered enough distance (距离) to meet the requirements of the Guinness World Records. Dosogne went to work early, to make sure she had time for a four-hour marathon every afternoon. ____5____ she ran most of her marathons on a flat (平坦的) way around a lake near Ghent, Belgium, Dosogne faced lots of challenges. She ran in all kinds of weather. She caught flu and COVID. And she got lots of blisters (水疱). Once, she fell two-thirds of the way through a marathon and hurt her finger. When she got out of the hospital that day, she ran ____6____ new marathon, rather than completing the one she had started. She says the running was hard on her ____7____, but that remaining strong-minded to keep going was even harder. “I’m glad it’s over,” she said at the end of the final race. Dosogne was asked if she would ____8____ anyone else to try it. “I wouldn’t. Certainly not. It’s not for everybody”, she replied. “I don’t think I will do anything crazier than this.” But that doesn’t mean she’s ____9____ running. In September, she’s planning on running a 153-mile (246-kilometer) race in Greece. It is a small challenge compared to what she achieved last year, but it proves that her love for running remains ____10____. 1. A. first B. last C. fastest D. shortest 2. A. in B. with C. for D. at 3. A. influence B. requirement C. difference D. experience 4. A. faster B. farther C. earlier D. nearer 5.A. If B. Before C. Because D. Though 6. A. another B. other C. the other D. others 7. A. habits B. mind C. body D. skills 8. A. warn B. allow C. remind D. encourage 9. A. giving up B. giving away C. giving off D. giving out 10. A. special B. strong C. common D. weak 4、 概要补全。 阅读语篇，用恰当的词块或句子补全报告中所缺信息。 Everyone wants to be successful. The trouble is, most people want to be seen or known as successful more than they want to break the bad habits which may lead them to be unsuccessful. That’s because the lifestyle and rewards (回报) that come with success make everything seem easy. People think that once they’re successful, they’ll have all the time in the world to do whatever they want. They think they’ll never have to work hard again. Because of this, they only see others’ success but miss the hard work, good habits and smart choices those people made along the way. As a result, they stay focused on all the wrong things, and never truly become successful. One big reason people don’t succeed is that they talk a lot about their plans but seldom take real action. They believe they can work harder than others but never actually do the work. They also think that anyone who has achieved success was just lucky or knew someone. They do not face the truth: someone else is working hard and getting the rewards. Another reason is that most of their time is spent on many fun activities like playing computer games or hanging out with friends, while successful people use their time to build good relationships, learn new skills, and work on projects that help them improve. They understand that for every hour they spend doing one thing, that’s an hour they cannot invest (投资) doing something else. Time is limited. If you use it all up, you can’t invest it to achieve success. Many people want to be successful, but they care more about looking successful than doing the hard work needed. They think success means an easy life, forgetting it requires them to work hard, have good habits and ____1____. ____2____ often make two mistakes. First, they talk but don’t act. They make big plans but never start, and think others succeed just by luck. Second, ____3____. They spend hours on games or hanging out instead of learning useful skills. However, successful people treat time as treasure. They invest time in their future by building relationships, learning skills and working on projects to ____4____. Remember: Your choices today decide your future. If you want success, start now! 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 主谓一致 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 2 ★ 考点一 语法一致 2 ★ 考点二 意义一致 5 ★ 考点三 就近原则 7 04 优题精选·练能提分 9 名词 课程分析 考情剖析 主谓一致在重庆中考英语中主要以语法选择题（1分/题）形式出现，偶尔会在完成句子或者概要补全等综合考查，属于基础必考点，每年考查1-2分，占语法板块分值的10%-15%。 结合近5年（2021-2025）重庆中考真题，主谓一致的考查集中在以下3类核心规则，考查频次从高到低排序：1. 就近原则（考查频次最高）2. 语法一致（次高频）3. 意义一致（考查频次较低）。 命题预测 1. 语境化：题干多设置日常生活、校园场景等简单语境，避免纯语法题的机械考查。 2. 综合性：常与一般现在时、现在进行时等时态结合考查，偶尔与代词、名词单复数联动。 3. 易错点聚焦：专门针对学生易混淆的点命题，如a number of/the number of、集体名词的单复数用法。 解题锦囊 1. 抓核心主语，剥离干扰成分； 2. 记标志词，快速定规则； 3. 凭语义，判集体/抽象名词单复； 4. 验答案，结合时态复核。 考点一 语法一致 主谓一致 概念：主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语的人称和数保持一致。主要分为语法一致、就近一致和意义一致。 一、语法一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用三人称单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other. 1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候，谓语动词用复数，若指的是同一个人、或物或者指同一概念的时候，谓语要用单数。 (1) The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (2) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (3) Bread and butter is our daily food. (4)Both milk and fruit are good for health. 2. 动名词、不定式、主语从句做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 (1) Reading books is good for our mind and health. (2) To be or not to be is a problem. (3) What we need from our parents is their support. (4) Whether or not you can learn well depends on your learning skills. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who、which、that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 e.g. Those who do well in singing may join us. He is one of the students who are praised because of their school report. 4. 主语后跟有with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、without、except、but、including、rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。 e.g. I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame for the accident. Bill as well as his friends volunteers their time to clean up the park. Nobody but you has worked out the problem so far. The teacher, together with her students, is planting trees on the hill now. 5. 由两部分构成的衣物/工具类名词（shoes, socks, shorts, glasses, jeans, trousers, pants等）单独作主语，谓语用复数；若有a/this/that pair of…, this/that kind of…等量词修饰，谓语与量词一致。 Her shoes are under the bed. This kind of shoes is made in China. 6. the number of + 复数名词（“……的数量”）作主语，谓语用单数；a number of + 复数名词（“许多……”）作主语，谓语用复数。 The number of the students in our school is 4,800. A number of the students in our class are from the countryside. 1、 单项选择 1. （2025·北京）— What do you think of the new library? — Great! A number of books ______ in it and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is 答案：B解析：a number of + 复数名词表“许多”，谓语用复数；the number of + 复数名词表“……的数量”，谓语用单数。考点：a number of与the number of的主谓一致辨析（全国高频考点）。 2. （2025•江苏苏州）Listening to soft music and reading good books ______ my favorite ways to relax after a busy day. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：B解析：两个动名词短语由and连接，指两种不同的放松方式，谓语用复数；句子为一般现在时，选are。考点：and连接多个主语的主谓一致。 3. （2025·广东广州）The writer and teacher ______ coming to our school to give a talk next week. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：A解析：the writer and teacher指“一位作家兼教师”（同一个人，无定冠词重复），谓语用单数；next week提示一般将来时，is coming表将来。考点：and连接名词指同一人/物的主谓一致。 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空。 4. （2025·上海）A group of volunteers ______ (clean) up the park every Sunday morning. 答案：cleans解析：核心词group单数，一般现在时，谓语用三单cleans。考点：集合名词作主语（核心词决定单复数）。 5. （2025·重庆A卷）The singer and dancer who ______ (perform) on the stage now is very popular among teenagers. 答案：is performing解析：the singer and dancer指同一人，now提示现在进行时，用is performing。考点：and连接名词指同一人；定语从句主谓一致。 6. （2025·江苏南京）To learn a foreign language well ______ (require) a lot of practice and patience. 答案：requires解析：不定式短语作主语视为单数，一般现在时，用requires。考点：不定式作主语的主谓一致。 7. （2025·甘肃白银）We all ______ (love) our country very much! 答案：love解析：主语we all复数，一般现在时，谓语用原形love。考点：复数主语的主谓一致。 8. （2025·四川达州）He always ______ (spend) time with his family on weekends. 答案：spends解析：主语he单数，always提示一般现在时，谓语用三单spends。考点：第三人称单数作主语的主谓一致。 9. （2025·黑龙江绥化）My mother with her students ______ (go) to volunteer at the old people’s home next week. 答案：is going解析：with连接主语遵循就远原则，my mother单数，next week提示一般将来时，用is going。考点：with连接主语的就远原则；一般将来时。 考点二 意义一致 意义一致 1. 主语前面有each、every、no等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 (1) Each doctor and each nurse is hard-working during the special period of time. (2) No air and no water is found on the moon. (3) Every minute and every second is valuable. 2. 集体名词（family, class, team等）指整体时谓语用单数，强调个体时用复数。 The Green family usually take a walk in the park after dinner. Our class is really like a big family. 3. people, police无单数形式，作主语时谓语用复数。 The police are trying their best to look for the lost boy. 4.“the+姓氏名词复数”（一家人/夫妇）、“the+adj.”（一类人）作主语，谓语用复数。 The Greens enjoy living in Chengdu. The disabled need our help. 5. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 (1) Three thousand miles is a long distance. (2) Eight hours of sleep is enough. (3) Fifty kilograms is not too much to be carried. (4) Twenty minutes is enough to finish the task. (5) Five million dollars is lots of money. 6. 不定代词anyone、anything、everyone、everything、someone、something、no one、nothing、each等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 (1) Is anybody going to tell him the news? (2) I have to go now because someone is waiting for me. (3) Anybody who breaks the rule will be punished. 7. all、some、any、more、most、none、half、a lot of、lots of、plenty of、the rest、分数、百分数+名词做主语，谓语动词单复数取决于它们所修饰或代表的意义。 (1) Half of the apples have gone bad already. (2)70% of the land was covered by forests in the past. (3) Three quarters of the books were published in English. 一、单项选择 1. （2025·山东济南）Three hours ______ not a long time to finish the homework. You can make it. A. is B. are C. have D. has 答案：A解析：表示“时间、金钱、距离”的复数名词作主语，视为一个整体，谓语用单数；three hours作主语，选is。考点：表时间的复数名词作主语的主谓一致。 2. （2025·四川成都）About 70 percent of the students in our class ______ from the countryside. A. comes B. come C. coming D. to come 答案：B解析：分数/百分数+名词作主语，谓语单复数由后面的名词决定；students为复数，选come。考点：分数/百分数作主语的主谓一致。 3. （2025·湖北武汉）Each student and each teacher ______ to wear the school uniform on Monday. A. is required B. are required C. require D. requires 答案：A解析：each...and each...作主语，谓语用单数；句子为被动语态，选is required。考点：each修饰主语的主谓一致；被动语态。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 4. （2025·广东深圳）About 60 percent of the land in this area ______ (cover) with forests. 答案：is covered解析：分数+不可数名词land作主语，谓语单数；被动语态，用is covered。考点：分数作主语；被动语态。 5. （2025·四川成都）Ten thousand yuan ______ (be) a large sum of money for a student like him. 答案：is解析：表金钱的复数名词作主语视为整体，一般现在时，用is。考点：表金钱的复数名词作主语的主谓一致。 6. （2025·湖北武汉）All the information about the new project _____ (be) on the board. You can go and check it. 答案：is解析：information不可数，all修饰不可数名词，谓语单数，用is。考点：不可数名词作主语的主谓一致。 7. （2025·辽宁沈阳）What he said at the meeting ______ (be) very important for our plan. 答案：is解析：主语从句作主语视为单数，一般现在时，用is。考点：主语从句作主语的主谓一致。 8. （2025·陕西西安）The news about the sports meeting ______ (surprise) all of us. 答案：surprises解析：news不可数名词，一般现在时，谓语用三单surprises。考点：不可数名词作主语的主谓一致。 9. （2025·山东济南）Two hours ______ (be) not a long time to finish the homework. You can make it. 答案：is解析：表时间的复数名词作主语视为整体，一般现在时，用is。考点：表时间的复数名词作主语的主谓一致。 考点三 就近原则 就近原则 1. 由连词or、either…or（或者...或者...;要么...要么...）、neither…nor（既不...也不...）、not only…but also…（不仅...而且...）连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词与最靠近的那个名词或代词的人称和数一致。 (1) Either you or Jean is (be) to be sent to New Zealand. (2) Not only his family but also he likes (like) hot pot in Chongqing. (3) Neither Tom nor the Browns like (like) ice cream. 2. There be句型中be的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。 (1) There is (be) a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. (2) Here are (be) some gifts and a letter for you. 一、单项选择。 1. （2025·浙江杭州）Neither my parents nor my brother ______ been to Beijing before. A. have B. has C. is D. are 答案：B解析：neither...nor...连接主语，遵循就近原则；靠近谓语的my brother为单数，且been提示现在完成时，选has。考点：就近原则（neither...nor...）；现在完成时。 2. （2025·湖南长沙）There ______ a pen, two pencils and a notebook on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has 答案：A解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，be动词由后面的第一个名词决定；a pen为单数，选is。考点：There be句型的主谓一致（就近原则）。 3. （2025·河南郑州）Either you or your sister ______ to take care of your grandma this weekend. A. have B. has C. are D. is 答案：B解析：either...or...连接主语，遵循就近原则；靠近谓语的your sister为单数，have to表“必须”，选has。考点：就近原则（either...or...）；have to的用法。 4. （2025·陕西西安）Not only the students but also their teacher ______ interested in the new film. A. am B. is C. are D. be 答案：B解析：not only...but also...连接主语，遵循就近原则；靠近谓语的their teacher为单数，选is。考点：就近原则（not only...but also...）。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 5. （2025·浙江杭州）Neither my friends nor I ______ (have) ever been to the Great Wall before. 答案：have解析：neither...nor...就近原则，靠近主语I，现在完成时，用have。 6. （2025·湖南长沙）There ______ (be) a book, a pen and two erasers in my schoolbag. 答案：is解析：There be就近原则，第一个名词a book单数，用is。 7. （2025·河南郑州）Not only the children but also their father ______ (like) playing basketball in their free time. 答案：likes解析：not only...but also...就近原则，靠近their father单数，一般现在时，用likes。 8. （2025·陕西西安）Either you or your classmate ______ (be) responsible for the broken window. 答案：is解析：either...or...就近原则，靠近your classmate单数，用is。 9. （2025·甘肃白银）Look! There ______ (be) a notebook and three keys on the desk. 答案：is解析：There be就近原则，a notebook单数，Look提示一般现在时，用is。 10. （2025·黑龙江）There ______ (be) no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list. We need to add them to the salad. 答案：is解析：There be就近原则，yogurt不可数，用is。 11. （2025·安徽合肥）Not only the teachers but also one of the top students ______ (attend) the meeting this time yesterday. 答案：was attending解析：not only...but also...就近原则，靠近one of the top students单数，过去进行时，用was attending。 12. （2025·福建福州）There ______ (be) two chairs and a desk in the room. 答案：are解析：There be就近原则，第一个名词two chairs复数，用are。 3、 完成句子。 13. （2025·天津）The number of people in the hall is 200. (改为同义句) ______ ______ 200 people in the hall. 答案：There are解析：原句用the number of表数量，同义句转换为There be句型；200 people为复数，be动词用are。考点：the number of与There be句型的转换；主谓一致。 14. （2025·重庆B卷）A group of students is cleaning the street. (改为一般疑问句) ______ a group of students ______ the street? 答案：Is; cleaning解析：现在进行时的一般疑问句需将be动词提前；主语核心词group为单数，be动词用is。考点：现在进行时的一般疑问句；集合名词作主语的主谓一致。 15. （2025·山东青岛）Neither Tom nor his parents like playing football. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ neither Tom nor his parents like doing? 答案：What do解析：对动作内容提问用what；neither...nor...连接主语，遵循就近原则，靠近的his parents为复数，助动词用do。考点：特殊疑问句；就近原则的主谓一致。 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The factory used 65 percent of the materials, the rest ______ (be) saved for other purposes. 2. One third of the country ______ (be) covered with trees and the 90% of the population ______ (be) black people. 3. Barbara is the only one of the women who ______ (wear) an evening dress. 4. Listening to loud music ______ (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers. 5. The teacher together with the students ______ (be) discussing the welcome party. 6. Every boy and girl in the area ______ (be) invited to the party last night. 7. A survey of the opinions of experts ______ (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ______ (be) good for one’s health. 8. A poet and artist ______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. 9. The father as well as his three children ______ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 10. As you can see, the number of cars on roads ______ (keep) rising these days and a number of accidents ______ (happen) every day. 11. All the scientific research ______ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ (do) harm to our health. 12. Not only Mr. Black but also the professor ______ (be) about to attend our school meeting. 【答案与解析】 1. are解析：the rest指代复数名词materials，谓语动词用复数形式；句子为一般过去时的被动语态，故填are的过去式were（注：原答案按语法一致原则，the rest代指复数名词时用复数，此处为被动语态，正确形式为were）。考点：分数/百分数/the rest作主语时的主谓一致（依据指代名词的数判断）。 2. is; are解析：第一空one third of the country中，country为单数名词，谓语用单数is；第二空population前有百分数修饰，指“人口中的具体比例”时，谓语用复数are。考点：population的主谓一致特殊用法、分数作主语的主谓一致。 3. wears解析：先行词the only one of the women为单数，定语从句的谓语动词与先行词保持一致，用单数形式wears。考点：定语从句中的主谓一致（the only one of + 复数名词作先行词）。 4. causes解析：动名词短语Listening to loud music作主语，谓语动词用单数形式causes。考点：动名词作主语的主谓一致。 5. is解析：主语后接together with短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语The teacher保持一致，用单数is。考点：together with等短语作插入语时的主谓一致（就前原则）。 6. was解析：every + 单数名词 + and + every + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数；句子为一般过去时的被动语态，故填was。考点：every...and every...作主语的主谓一致。 7. shows; is解析：第一空主语A survey为单数，谓语用shows；第二空three hours of outdoor exercise表示“一段时间”，视为整体，谓语用单数is。考点：单数名词作主语、表时间的复数名词作主语的主谓一致。 8. is解析：a poet and artist指“一位诗人兼艺术家”（同一个人），谓语用单数is。考点：and连接两个名词指同一人/物时的主谓一致。 9. goes解析：主语后接as well as短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语The father保持一致，用单数goes；句子为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数。考点：as well as短语作插入语时的主谓一致（就前原则）。 10. keeps; happen解析：the number of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数keeps；a number of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用复数happen。考点：the number of与a number of的主谓一致辨析（重庆中考高频考点）。 11. shows; does解析：第一空All the scientific research中research为不可数名词，谓语用单数shows；第二空increasing use为单数，谓语用does（do harm to为固定短语）。考点：不可数名词作主语、抽象名词作主语的主谓一致。 12. is解析：not only...but also...连接主语时遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的the professor为单数，故填is。考点：就近原则（not only...but also...的主谓一致）。 二、语法选择。 从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Rita was in the shopping mall, looking for a gift for her little daughter. Suddenly she stopped before ____1____ store. There were all kinds of dolls in it. “Why not ____2____ her a lovely doll? Girls like dolls,” she thought when she walked into the store. When ____3____ around, she saw a grandma doll—one with gray hair and a pair of glasses. As she looked at it, in her mind was Linda, her mother. When Rita was a little girl, she got her first doll from Linda for her birthday. She was very happy. Then the second, the third... Rita asked her mum why all the gifts were dolls, the answer was always “A girl can never have enough ____4____.” Year after year, Rita grew up and Linda grew old, but a doll a year from Linda never arrived late. “But why always a doll?” This question was in Rita’s mind. One day her father gave the answer. Little Linda dreamed to have a doll. Her parents promised ____5____ for her fifth birthday. ____6____, they both died in a traffic accident before it arrived. The never-received gift was the most precious (珍贵的) in her eyes. That’s why she thought dolls were ____7____ birthday gifts for Rita. Then Rita got an idea... It was Linda’s ____8____ birthday. Much to Linda’s surprise, she got a gift, with a card: Dear Linda, I ____9____ to send you the package that you should have received on May 20, 1956, your fifth birthday. The gift inside has aged, but I felt that you might still wish to have it. Sorry for the lateness! Love, Angel of Joy Linda opened the package and saw a lovely grandma doll. She clasped (紧抱) the doll that she waited so many years, tears running down her face. The doll, ____10____ by “Angel of Joy”, made her the happiest “child” alive. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. to get B. get C. getting 3. A. look B. to look C. looking 4. A. dolls B. doll C. doll’s 5. A. one B. ones C. it 6. A. Sad B. Sadly C. Sadness 7. A. good B. better C. the best 8. A. sixtieth B. sixty C. sixties 9. A. forget B. forgot C. will forget 10. A. give B. gave C. given 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】本文讲述了Rita在商场为女儿挑选礼物时，回忆起自己小时候母亲每年送给她一个娃娃作为生日礼物的经历，通过这个故事，展现了母女之间的深厚情感和爱的传承。 【1题详解】句意：突然，她在一家商店前停了下来。a一，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；an一，用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；the表特指。根据“Suddenly she stopped before... store.”可知，此处泛指“一个商店”，且store是以辅音音素开头的单词。故选A。 【2题详解】句意：为什么不给她买个可爱的洋娃娃呢？to get动词不定式；get动词原形；getting动词-ing形式。why not do sth.“为什么不做某事呢？”，是固定用法。故选B。 【3题详解】句意：当她环顾四周时，她看到了一个奶奶娃娃——一个灰色的头发和一副眼镜。look动词原形；to look动词不定式；looking动词-ing形式。当when引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，从句可以用“when+分词”的形式替代，此处是主动语态，因此用looking，表示“当她环顾四周时”。故选C。 【4题详解】句意：女孩永远不会嫌洋娃娃多。dolls洋娃娃，名词复数形式；doll洋娃娃，单数名词；doll’s洋娃娃的，名词所有格。根据“A girl can never have enough...”可知，此处用名词复数形式来表示“多个娃娃”。故选A。 【5题详解】句意：她的父母答应在她五岁生日时送她一个。one指代前文提到的同类事物中的一个；ones指代前文提到的同类事物中的多个；it指代前文明确提到的同一事物。根据“Little Linda dreamed to have a doll.”可知，此处指代前面提到的单数名词“doll”，表示“一个娃娃”。故选A。 【6题详解】句意：不幸的是，他们都在它到达之前死于交通事故。Sad伤心的；Sadly不幸地；Sadness难过。根据“they both died in a traffic accident before it arrived.”可知，此处修饰整个句子，应用副词。故选B。 【7题详解】句意：这就是为什么她认为洋娃娃是送给Rita最好的生日礼物。 good好的；better比较好的；the best最好的。根据“That’s why she thought dolls were... birthday gifts for Rita.”可知，此处应用最高级形式“the best”来表示“最好的”。故选C。 【8题详解】句意：这是琳达的六十岁生日。sixtieth第六十；sixty六十；sixties错误表达。根据“It was Linda’s... birthday.”可知，表示某人的多少岁生日，用序数词。故选A。 【9题详解】句意：我忘了把你应该在1956年5月20日你5岁生日那天收到的包裹寄给你了。forget一般现在时；forgot一般过去时；will forget一般将来时。根据“on May 20, 1956”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时。故选B。 【10题详解】句意：这个娃娃是“快乐天使”送给她的，使她成为世界上最幸福的“孩子”。give动词原形；gave动词过去式；given过去分词。根据“by ‘Angel of Joy’”可知，此处用过去分词形式“given”作为后置定语来修饰“doll”，表示“被给予的”。故选C。 三、完形填空。 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 Finishing a marathon (马拉松)—a 26.2-mile (42.2-kilometer) race—is always special. But the marathon that Hilde Dosogne finished on December 31, 2024 was super-special: it was the ____1____ of the 366 marathons she had run in 2024. Last year, Dosogne, a 55-year-old scientist, ran a marathon every day, all year long, making her the first woman to run a marathon every single day of the year. She also raised over $75,000 ____2____ breast cancer research. She knew several friends and fellow runners who had cancer, recovered or went into remission (缓解期)—all stories that had a big ____3____ on her. That’s why she decided to do the super-special running to help them. Running 366 marathons means running 9,596 miles (15,444 kilometers). But Dosogne ran even ____4____ she ran a little more every day, just to make sure she had covered enough distance (距离) to meet the requirements of the Guinness World Records. Dosogne went to work early, to make sure she had time for a four-hour marathon every afternoon. ____5____ she ran most of her marathons on a flat (平坦的) way around a lake near Ghent, Belgium, Dosogne faced lots of challenges. She ran in all kinds of weather. She caught flu and COVID. And she got lots of blisters (水疱). Once, she fell two-thirds of the way through a marathon and hurt her finger. When she got out of the hospital that day, she ran ____6____ new marathon, rather than completing the one she had started. She says the running was hard on her ____7____, but that remaining strong-minded to keep going was even harder. “I’m glad it’s over,” she said at the end of the final race. Dosogne was asked if she would ____8____ anyone else to try it. “I wouldn’t. Certainly not. It’s not for everybody”, she replied. “I don’t think I will do anything crazier than this.” But that doesn’t mean she’s ____9____ running. In September, she’s planning on running a 153-mile (246-kilometer) race in Greece. It is a small challenge compared to what she achieved last year, but it proves that her love for running remains ____10____. 1. A. first B. last C. fastest D. shortest 2. A. in B. with C. for D. at 3. A. influence B. requirement C. difference D. experience 4. A. faster B. farther C. earlier D. nearer 5.A. If B. Before C. Because D. Though 6. A. another B. other C. the other D. others 7. A. habits B. mind C. body D. skills 8. A. warn B. allow C. remind D. encourage 9. A. giving up B. giving away C. giving off D. giving out 10. A. special B. strong C. common D. weak 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】本文讲述了55岁的科学家Hilde Dosogne在2024年完成的一项非凡壮举——全年每天跑一场马拉松（共366场），并成为首位达成此成就的女性。 【1题详解】句意：但希尔德·多索涅在2024年12月31日完成的马拉松比赛超级特别：这是她在2024年跑的第366场马拉松的最后一场。first第一的；last最后的；fastest最快的；shortest最短的。根据“the...of the 366 marathons she had run in 2024”可知，2024年一共跑366场马拉松，12月31日这场是这366场中的最后一场，所以用“last”符合语境。故选B。 【2题详解】句意：她还为乳腺癌研究筹集了超过7.5万美元。in在……里面；with和……一起；for为了；at在。“raise money for...”是固定短语，意为“为……筹集资金”，所以此处应填“for”。故选C。 【3题详解】句意：她认识几个患癌症的朋友和跑友，他们康复了或者病情缓解了——所有这些故事都对她产生了很大的影响。influence影响；requirement要求；difference不同；experience经历。“have a big influence on...”是固定搭配，意思是“对……有很大影响”，这里说这些患癌朋友康复或病情缓解故事对她影响很大，所以用“influence”合适。故选A。 【4题详解】句意：但多索涅跑得甚至更远——她每天多跑一点，只是为了确保自己跑够了距离，以达到吉尼斯世界纪录的要求。faster更快；farther更远（指距离）；earlier更早；nearer更近。根据“she ran a little more every day”可知，她每天多跑一点，也就是在距离上跑得更远，所以用“farther”符合语境。故选B。 【5题详解】句意：尽管她大部分马拉松比赛都是在比利时根特附近的一个湖周围的平坦道路上跑的，但多索涅面临着许多挑战。If如果；Before在……之前；Because因为；Though尽管。前后句之间是转折关系，即虽然她大部分马拉松在平坦道路上跑，但依然面临很多挑战，“Though”引导让步状语从句，符合语境。故选D。 【6题详解】句意：那天她从医院出来后，她又跑了一场新的马拉松，而不是完成她已经开始的那场。another又一；other其他的；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人或物。这里说她跑了一场新的马拉松，用“another”表示“又一；再一”符合语境。故选A。 【7题详解】句意：她说跑步对她的身体来说很艰难，但保持坚强的意志继续前进甚至更难。habits习惯；mind思维；body身体；skills技能。根据常识，跑步对身体有一定挑战，结合语境这里说跑步对她身体艰难，所以用“body”合适。故选C。 【8题详解】句意：多索涅被问到是否会鼓励其他人也尝试这样做。warn警告；allow允许；remind提醒；encourage鼓励。根据后文她说不建议别人尝试，这里推测前文是问是否会鼓励别人尝试，“encourage sb. to do sth.”表示“鼓励某人做某事”，所以用“encourage”符合语境。故选D。 【9题详解】句意：但那并不意味着她放弃跑步。giving up放弃；giving away赠送；giving off发出（光、热、气味等）；giving out分发。根据后文“In September, she’s planning on running a 153 - mile (246 - kilometer) race in Greece.”可知她九月还计划参加比赛，说明她没有放弃跑步，“give up doing sth.”表示“放弃做某事”，所以用“giving up”符合语境。故选A。 【10题详解】句意：与她去年所取得的成就相比，这是一个小挑战，但这证明了她对跑步的热爱依然强烈。 special特别的；strong强烈的；common普通的；weak虚弱的。根据前文她去年跑了很多马拉松以及九月还计划参加比赛，说明她对跑步的热爱依然强烈，“strong”符合语境。故选B。 4、 概要补全。 阅读语篇，用恰当的词块或句子补全报告中所缺信息。 Everyone wants to be successful. The trouble is, most people want to be seen or known as successful more than they want to break the bad habits which may lead them to be unsuccessful. That’s because the lifestyle and rewards (回报) that come with success make everything seem easy. People think that once they’re successful, they’ll have all the time in the world to do whatever they want. They think they’ll never have to work hard again. Because of this, they only see others’ success but miss the hard work, good habits and smart choices those people made along the way. As a result, they stay focused on all the wrong things, and never truly become successful. One big reason people don’t succeed is that they talk a lot about their plans but seldom take real action. They believe they can work harder than others but never actually do the work. They also think that anyone who has achieved success was just lucky or knew someone. They do not face the truth: someone else is working hard and getting the rewards. Another reason is that most of their time is spent on many fun activities like playing computer games or hanging out with friends, while successful people use their time to build good relationships, learn new skills, and work on projects that help them improve. They understand that for every hour they spend doing one thing, that’s an hour they cannot invest (投资) doing something else. Time is limited. If you use it all up, you can’t invest it to achieve success. Many people want to be successful, but they care more about looking successful than doing the hard work needed. They think success means an easy life, forgetting it requires them to work hard, have good habits and ____1____. ____2____ often make two mistakes. First, they talk but don’t act. They make big plans but never start, and think others succeed just by luck. Second, ____3____. They spend hours on games or hanging out instead of learning useful skills. However, successful people treat time as treasure. They invest time in their future by building relationships, learning skills and working on projects to ____4____. Remember: Your choices today decide your future. If you want success, start now! 【答案】1. make smart choices 2. Unsuccessful people;People who can’t succeed;People who can’t be successful 3. they waste time;they don’t use time well;they don’t make full use of time 4. improve themselves 【解析】本文主要讲述了很多人想要成功但大多只注重看起来成功而不做努力，分析了人们不成功的原因，包括只说不做、浪费时间等，强调成功需要努力、良好习惯和合理利用时间，且今天的选择决定未来。 【1题详解】根据“Because of this, they only see others’ success but miss the hard work, good habits and smart choices those people made along the way.”可知，成功需要努力、好习惯和做出明智的选择，故填make smart choices。 【2题详解】根据“People think that once they’re successful, they’ll have all the time in the world to do whatever they want.…As a result, they stay focused on all the wrong things, and never truly become successful.”以及后面讲述人们不成功的原因可知，这里说不成功的人常犯两种错误，故填Unsuccessful people/People who can’t succeed/be successful。 【3题详解】根据“Another reason is that most of their time is spent on many fun activities like playing computer games or hanging out with friends, while successful people use their time to build good relationships, learn new skills, and work on projects that help them improve.”可知，不成功的人把时间浪费在娱乐活动上，没有好好利用时间，故填they waste time/they don’t use time well/they don’t make full use of time。 【4题详解】根据“Another reason is that most of their time is spent on many fun activities like playing computer games or hanging out with friends, while successful people use their time to build good relationships, learn new skills, and work on projects that help them improve.”可知，成功的人把时间投资在建立关系、学习技能和开展项目上是为了提升自己，故填improve themselves。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $