按单词表语境记单词一轮复习知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版必修第三册

                                   必修三

Unit 1 Nature in the balance

1.   The human race has done much harm.
2.   We have polluted our soils and seas.
3.   As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
4. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent.
5. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
6. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,400 kilometres in length—around 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
7. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
8. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.
9. The forest’s different levels provide food and shelter for an unbelievable variety of wildlife.
10. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground.
11. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
12. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the sunny treetops many metres above the ground.
13. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to all kinds of living things.
14. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the Amazon rainforest’s plant life. This jaguar is one example.
15. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
16. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.
17. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
18. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”.
19. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.
20. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”?
21. For another thing, due to the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients.
22. Global warming, for example, is a major problem caused by greenhouse gases.
23. It may lead to extreme weather events: droughts, heatwaves and so on.
24. All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems.
25. Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.
26. What about making a brochure about environmental problems?

27. It was organized by GreenHope, an organization devoted to protecting forests.
28. It was absolutely worth our effort!
29. There’ll be another forest clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday.
30. Everyone who takes part in the activities will receive a medal.
31. When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind.
32. Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world.
33. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.
34. When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat.
35. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly.
36. Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith, a local resident; Vincent Brown, senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer, chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.
37. Then heavy industry factories moved in,and things became entirely different.
38. The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it’s also given me a cough that I can’t get rid of.
39. Mr Smith protested against heavy industry.
40. People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.
41. In defence of factories, however, I’d like to point out that they also try to control the amount of pollution they produce.
42. We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs.
43. I’d also like to draw your attention to the economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate.
44. We’ve made environmental policies for businesses to follow, like strict clean-up requirements.
45. We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure the development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way.
46. It has to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle.
47. For example, you can save energy by taking the bus or the subway, or using the bike-sharing system.
48. A former UN official once said, “Saving our planet, lifting people out of poverty, advancing economic growth … these are one and the same fight.”
49. Large amounts of industrial waste poison our water after they enter water sources.
50. Water pollution is also caused by poisonous chemicals used in agriculture.
51. Consequences: Polluted water bodies not only do harm to animals and plants; they also have a long-lasting effect on humans.
52. For example, in many parts of the world, the poor quality of the local drinking water gives rise to terrible diseases.

53. To prevent further damage to water sources, it is necessary to take some measures..

 

Unit 2 Natural disasters

1. On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake that hit the county at 2:27 p.m.
2. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.
3. Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.
4. There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
5. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line with their hands on their heads.
6. Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground.
7. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
8. “We practise earthquake safety procedures twice a year,” said Miss Brown, “so the kids

were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.”

9. A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis.
10. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd.

11. “The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer,” she later explained.
12. It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
13. Sabrina was frightened, but she soon kept her head.
14. To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger.
15. A typhoon is a destructive storm that occurs in the North-west Pacific Ocean.
16. When you are out, stay away from trees, large signs and light poles.
17. Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.
18. Mr Li, I heard you experienced a strong hurricane when you were attending a conference in the United States.
19. As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.
20. The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me, but I was quite frightened during the power failure.
21.  Were you afraid of running out of supplies?
22.  Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.
23.  He also mentioned a charity event to raise funds for the disaster area.
24.  Our interview ended at 3:50 p.m. because Mr Li had a staff meeting to attend at 4 p.m.
25. I went to the school computer room to make PPT slides for my project.
26. About 250,000 people in the world are affected by floods every year.
27. Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room.
28. Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.