Unit 6 作文讲义- 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语讲义通过框架图系统构建记叙文写作知识体系，以“开头-主体-结尾”基本框架为脉络，结合表格梳理时间顺序、地点环境、人物描写等核心词汇，清晰呈现六要素（时间、地点、人物等）、时态运用（过去时、过去进行时）等重难点，帮助学生建立知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“故事写作全流程指导”，通过第一/三人称模板（如开头“Last时间, I事件相关的动作”）规范写作步骤，设计翻译句子（如“一切始于一个寒冷的冬日早晨”）和“司马光砸缸”书面表达任务，培养语言能力与文化意识。分层练习满足不同学生需求，基础学生可借助模板掌握结构，优秀学生通过故事创作提升思维品质，为教师实施精准复习提供有力支持。

写一个关于智慧的短故事（写故事类记叙文） It was another hot and dry summer. After ten years of fighting, we were still trying to capture the city of Troy. We were tired of war, and we missed home. What could we do? One of us finally had a clever idea. That day, we built a huge wooden horse, and some brave soldiers and I hid inside it. Then our friends put the horse outside the main gate in the middle of the night. The next morning, all the other Greek soldiers went on board their ships and pretended to sail away. Soon, we could hear the Trojans shouting outside: “The Greeks have gone! We have won the war!” Then they pulled the horse into the city. We waited quietly for the right moment. That night, the Trojans drank and danced to celebrate their victory. Then they all went to sleep. At midnight, we climbed out of the horse and opened the gate. Our soldiers entered Troy. Trojan captain cried when we captured him,but all the Greeks were of course happy. Now,we could finally go home! Part 1: Setting the scene time, place, weather, character(s) (appearance, clothes, feelings, etc.) Part 2: Developing the story What happened at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end? (Put the events in time order.) Part 3: Ending the story What did the character(s) do at the end of the story, and how did they feel? 【基本框架】 1. 开头---交代必要的背景，如：时间、地点、人物等。 2. 主体---交代故事情节（事情的主体）。如：事件的发生、发展和前因后果。 3. 结尾---事情的结果、感想、愿望等。 1. 要把握住记叙文的六个要素，即时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）、事件（what）、原因（why）和过程（how）。 2. 要把握故事性记叙文的结构。在文章开头要交代故事发生的时间、地点和人物，然后写事件的原因及发展过程，最后写结果。同时在结尾处要尽量自然，点明文章主题。并且要有一条线索贯穿全文，使整个文章融为一体。 3. 要把握好人称。在写此类文章时通常用第一人称或第三人称。 4. 要注意时态的运用。在故事写作过程中，一般用过去时态。在描写背景或景象时，常用过去进行时，这样显得更加形象生动。 时间顺序 early in the morning/in the early morning； 早上 in the middle of the day/at noon；中午 late in the afternoon/in the late afternoon； 下午 in the past/at present/in the future；过去/现在/将来 first, second, next, then, finally 顺序 at first/in the beginning；开始 finally/at last/in the end 最后 at once，immediately 立即 the moment/minute/second/as soon as 一......就...... all of a sudden/suddenly 突然 at the same time/meanwhile 与此同时 not until 直到......才...... 地点环境 in the open field 在田野 at the foot of​在......山脚 in the middle of 在......中央 on the corner of​在拐角处 next to​挨着...... in the distance 在远处 surrounded by 被......环绕 exposed to 暴露于 at the edge of​在......边缘 at the entrance of 在......入口 in the valley 在山谷中 by the lake 在湖边 along the coast 沿着海岸 on Main Street 在主街上 at the bus stop 在公交车站 on the highway 在高速公路上 far away from远离..... in the spotlight 在聚光灯下 人物外貌心理 a warm smile 温暖的笑容 raised eyebrows扬起的眉毛 curly hair 卷发 straight nose 笔直的鼻子 full lips 丰满的嘴唇 double chin 双下巴 tall and slender高挑纤细 a round, friendly face 圆润友好的脸 ​​ a pair of round glasses 一副圆眼镜 bright, sparkling eyes明亮闪烁的眼睛 a faded jacket 褪色的夹克 a bright red scarf 鲜艳的红围巾 第一人称模板 开头：Last时间, I事件相关的动作. It was a 描述事件性质的形容词 day. 中间：At first, 事件开始的情况. Then, 事件发展的过程. Suddenly, 突发情况. After that, 后续发生的事情. 结尾：Finally, 事件的结果. From this experience, I 学到的东西或感受. 第三人称模板 开头：Last 时间, 人物 事件相关的动作. It was a 描述事件性质的形容词 day for 人物. 中间：At the beginning, 事件开始的情况. Next, 事件发展的过程. However, 遇到的问题或转折. Later, 解决问题或后续发展. 结尾：In the end, 事件的结果. This event made 人物 有什么改变或感受. 翻译句子 1. 一切始于一个寒冷的冬日早晨。 It all ____________________________________________________________. 2. 那是一个阳光明媚的周一早晨，教室里弥漫着咖啡和粉笔灰的味道。 It all started on a sunny Monday morning, ________________________________________________ ____________________________________. 3. 面对突如其来的暴风雨，我们别无选择，只能寻找避难所。 Faced with ________________________, we __________________________________ seek shelter. 4. 我们一步一步地搭建起帐篷。 _________________________________________________________________________________. 5. 尽管暴雨倾盆而下，团队仍坚持完成任务。 Despite the pouring rain, _____________________________________________________________. 6. 随着时间流逝，她的笑容逐渐消失了。 ___________________________, her smile gradually faded. 7. 我们小组熬夜准备科学展览项目，咖啡杯堆满了桌子。 Our group _________________________________________________________________________, with coffee cups piling up on the table. 8. 回首往事，我意识到那次失败其实是成长的契机。 Looking back, I realized that failure was _________________________________________________. 9. 他们庆祝胜利，却不知道更大的挑战即将到来。 They celebrated their victory, but ______________________________________________________. 10. 最终，我们的项目获得了全校第一名，掌声响彻大堂。 _______________, our project ________________________________________________________, with thunderous applause echoing through the hall. 书面表达 （一） 中国有着丰富的寓言和历史故事，它们不仅生动有趣，还传递了古人的智慧与美德。“司马光砸缸”就是其中一个经典的故事。请你结合所给图片，以“Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat”为题，用英文讲述这个故事，并谈谈你对这个故事的评价与感受。 注意： 1. 词数80词左右：2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。 参考词汇： smash v. 砸（smash-smashed）    vat n. 缸 play hide-and-seek玩捉迷藏         slip into掉进（slip-slipped） Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 写一个关于智慧的短故事（写故事类记叙文） It was another hot and dry summer. After ten years of fighting, we were still trying to capture the city of Troy. We were tired of war, and we missed home. What could we do? One of us finally had a clever idea. That day, we built a huge wooden horse, and some brave soldiers and I hid inside it. Then our friends put the horse outside the main gate in the middle of the night. The next morning, all the other Greek soldiers went on board their ships and pretended to sail away. Soon, we could hear the Trojans shouting outside: “The Greeks have gone! We have won the war!” Then they pulled the horse into the city. We waited quietly for the right moment. That night, the Trojans drank and danced to celebrate their victory. Then they all went to sleep. At midnight, we climbed out of the horse and opened the gate. Our soldiers entered Troy. Trojan captain cried when we captured him,but all the Greeks were of course happy. Now,we could finally go home! Part 1: Setting the scene time, place, weather, character(s) (appearance, clothes, feelings, etc.) Part 2: Developing the story What happened at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end? (Put the events in time order.) Part 3: Ending the story What did the character(s) do at the end of the story, and how did they feel? 【基本框架】 1. 开头---交代必要的背景，如：时间、地点、人物等。 2. 主体---交代故事情节（事情的主体）。如：事件的发生、发展和前因后果。 3. 结尾---事情的结果、感想、愿望等。 1. 要把握住记叙文的六个要素，即时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）、事件（what）、原因（why）和过程（how）。 2. 要把握故事性记叙文的结构。在文章开头要交代故事发生的时间、地点和人物，然后写事件的原因及发展过程，最后写结果。同时在结尾处要尽量自然，点明文章主题。并且要有一条线索贯穿全文，使整个文章融为一体。 3. 要把握好人称。在写此类文章时通常用第一人称或第三人称。 4. 要注意时态的运用。在故事写作过程中，一般用过去时态。在描写背景或景象时，常用过去进行时，这样显得更加形象生动。 时间顺序 early in the morning/in the early morning； 早上 in the middle of the day/at noon；中午 late in the afternoon/in the late afternoon； 下午 in the past/at present/in the future；过去/现在/将来 first, second, next, then, finally 顺序 at first/in the beginning；开始 finally/at last/in the end 最后 at once，immediately 立即 the moment/minute/second/as soon as 一......就...... all of a sudden/suddenly 突然 at the same time/meanwhile 与此同时 not until 直到......才...... 地点环境 in the open field 在田野 at the foot of​在......山脚 in the middle of 在......中央 on the corner of​在拐角处 next to​挨着...... in the distance 在远处 surrounded by 被......环绕 exposed to 暴露于 at the edge of​在......边缘 at the entrance of 在......入口 in the valley 在山谷中 by the lake 在湖边 along the coast 沿着海岸 on Main Street 在主街上 at the bus stop 在公交车站 on the highway 在高速公路上 far away from远离..... in the spotlight 在聚光灯下 人物外貌心理 a warm smile 温暖的笑容 raised eyebrows扬起的眉毛 curly hair 卷发 straight nose 笔直的鼻子 full lips 丰满的嘴唇 double chin 双下巴 tall and slender高挑纤细 a round, friendly face 圆润友好的脸 ​​ a pair of round glasses 一副圆眼镜 bright, sparkling eyes明亮闪烁的眼睛 a faded jacket 褪色的夹克 a bright red scarf 鲜艳的红围巾 第一人称模板 开头：Last时间, I事件相关的动作. It was a 描述事件性质的形容词 day. 中间：At first, 事件开始的情况. Then, 事件发展的过程. Suddenly, 突发情况. After that, 后续发生的事情. 结尾：Finally, 事件的结果. From this experience, I 学到的东西或感受. 第三人称模板 开头：Last 时间, 人物 事件相关的动作. It was a 描述事件性质的形容词 day for 人物. 中间：At the beginning, 事件开始的情况. Next, 事件发展的过程. However, 遇到的问题或转折. Later, 解决问题或后续发展. 结尾：In the end, 事件的结果. This event made 人物 有什么改变或感受. 翻译句子 1. 一切始于一个寒冷的冬日早晨。 It all _____started on a cold winter morning__________. 2. 那是一个阳光明媚的周一早晨，教室里弥漫着咖啡和粉笔灰的味道。 It all started on a sunny Monday morning, with the classroom filled with the smell of coffee and chalk dust__. 3. 面对突如其来的暴风雨，我们别无选择，只能寻找避难所。 Faced with ___the sudden storm_______, we __had no choice but to____ seek shelter. 4. 我们一步一步地搭建起帐篷。 _____Step by step, we put up the tent__. 5. 尽管暴雨倾盆而下，团队仍坚持完成任务。 Despite the pouring rain, ___the team keep on completing the task_____. 6. 随着时间流逝，她的笑容逐渐消失了。 __As time went by__, her smile gradually faded. 7. 我们小组熬夜准备科学展览项目，咖啡杯堆满了桌子。 Our group ___stayed up late preparing for the science fair,with coffee cups piling up on the table__, with coffee cups piling up on the table. 8. 回首往事，我意识到那次失败其实是成长的契机。 Looking back, I realized that failure was ___actually a turning point for growth_____. 9. 他们庆祝胜利，却不知道更大的挑战即将到来。 They celebrated their victory, but __they didn’t know a greater challenge was waiting_____. 10. 最终，我们的项目获得了全校第一名，掌声响彻大堂。 ___In the end__, our project ____won first prize in the school competition_____, with thunderous applause echoing through the hall. 书面表达 （一） 中国有着丰富的寓言和历史故事，它们不仅生动有趣，还传递了古人的智慧与美德。“司马光砸缸”就是其中一个经典的故事。请你结合所给图片，以“Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat”为题，用英文讲述这个故事，并谈谈你对这个故事的评价与感受。 注意： 1. 词数80词左右：2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。 参考词汇： smash v. 砸（smash-smashed）    vat n. 缸 play hide-and-seek玩捉迷藏         slip into掉进（slip-slipped） Sima Guang Smashed the Water Vat One day, Sima Guang and his friends were playing hide-and-seek in the garden. Suddenly,one of the children slipped into a large water vat and couldn't get out.Everyone panicked,but Sima Guang remained calm. When Sima Guang saw his friend in danger, he quicklypicked up a stone and smashed the vat to save him. This story shows Sima Guang's quickthinking and bravery. It reminds us that in emergencies, staying calm and acting decisivelycan make a big difference. I admire Sima Guang's courage and wisdom, and this story inspiresme to think creatively in difficult situations. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $