精品解析：青海省西宁市海湖中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。I've got my camera with me, but am I allowed to take . photos here? I think so. IT doesn't say you can't. I really like living here in this flat because it's so near the center of town. That's true, but IT gets really noisy at night. Hi, Maggie, i'm coming, but it's snowing and the traffic is moving slowly. Okay, David, take your time, will wait for you so we can have dinner together. Syria, you see those girls over there. They need another player for a basketball game. Would you like to join them? Seems like it's a game for fun. Sure, i'll be there in a minute. I won't have anything to wear to work on monday unless I pick up my clothes at the . dry cleaners than you'd Better hurry. IT closes at noon on sunday. Oh, I should have gone there saturday. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。All right, Sarah, we know that you're planning something big for john's birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind? I wanted to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in france and al center, a plane ticket so that SHE can be here for his birthday. Boy, what an excEllent plan. That's something special. I kind of guessed you had some secret plan, and we're waiting for the right time to tell me. Well, I didn't want to say anything until I was sure he could come. All right, Sarah, we know that you're planning something big for john's birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind? I wanted to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in france, and I sent her a plane ticket so that he can be here for . his birthday. Boy, what an excEllent plan. That's something special. I kind of guys, you had some secret plan, and we're waiting for the right time to tell me. Well, I didn't want to say anything until I was sure he could come. 听下面一段对话，回答第八和第9两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Hey, Peter, i'm sorry. Hi Diana. what's wrong? We were going . to hang on this weekend, but i'm afraid I can't go. How come I have a . really big geography test and I have to study for IT? We can go next week instead. No, I don't want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend because I can't afford to . fail the test. Okay, then i'll go with them, but it's a pity you can't come. Hey, Peter, i'm sorry. Hi Diana. what's wrong? We were going . to hang on this weekend, but i'm afraid I can't go. How come I have a . really big geography test and I have to study for IT? We can go next week instead. No, I don't want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend. I can't afford to fail the test. Okay, then i'll go with them, but it's a pity you can't come. 听下面一段对话，回答第十至第十二三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hello, this is Andrea. Hello. Andrea, this is alex. I have some very good news for you. Maranda was very satisfied with you and said she's very much looking forward to working with you. Isn't that wonderful? Congratulations, dear. How does that feel to be maranda new assistant? I imagine that you are just delighted with this news, so let's see. You can start on monday, right? Um well, I don't think I can start monday. I'm visiting my father and bolt Moore and because I don't live in new york, i'll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture and move my things for move on. Oh, well, then in that case, I suppose wednesday would be good. Okay, see you then. Hello, this is Andrea. Hello, Andrea, this is alex. I have some very good news for you. Maranda was very satisfied with you and said she's very much looking forward to working with you. Isn't that wonderful? Congratulations, dear. How does that feel to be maran as new assistant? I imagine that you're just delighted with this news, so let's see. You can start on monday, right? Um well, I don't think I can start monday. I am visiting my father in bolt more and because I don't live in new york, i'll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture and move my things for move on. no. Well, then in that case, I suppose wednesday would be good. Okay, see you then. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Hello, mister jane erik fridman, you are a frequent traveller, and we also know that you eat out twice a day. How come you are so fond of eating out? When I got my first job back in ninety, eighty two started traveling. I had no other, other choice but to eat out. I found that I felt different due to what I was eating. So I tried to find places that served food that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the food was prepared. I made an effort to find good restaurants as well as nice dishes. How did you manage to make a list of two hundred and eighteen favorite restaurants? I have lived in many cities, and when I moved back to sweden from the united states, people ask me where to go to eat. When they went to cities, I knew I got a lot of ideas. Then I wrote about restaurants for the swedish clubs magazine, and someone suggested I gather the information about the restaurants together. Since I had all the facts about the restaurants i've been to, I started to do that. How do you find restaurants? The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to people at a street market or take a walk and look for a place myself. I never ask a hotel clerk or a taxi driver. I don't go to empty restaurants or places with menu is difficult to understand. Hello, mr. jane. Eric friedman, you are a frequent traveller, and we also know that you eat out twice a day. How come you are so fond of eating out? When I got my first job back in ninety, eighty two and started traveling, I had no other choice but to eat out. I found that I felt different due to what I was eating. So I try to find places that served food that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the food was prepared. I made an effort to find good restaurants as well as nice dishes. How did you manage to make a list of two hundred and eighteen favourite restaurants? I have lived in many cities, and when I moved back to sweden from the united states, people asked me where to go to eat. When they went to cities, I knew I got a lot of ideas. Then I wrote about restaurants for the swedish clubs magazine, and someone suggested I gathered the information about the restaurants together. Since I had all the facts about the restaurants I have been to, I started . to do that. How do you find restaurants? The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to people at a street market or take a walk and look for a place myself. I never ask a hotel clerk or a taxi driver. I don't go to empty restaurants or places with menu is difficult to understand. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。At the beginning of the tour, we will start with the most important place in my town, which is the on the plaza leon, which is more than one hundred years old, is the gathering place for Young people on friday and saturday night and for parents and children on sunday afternoon. Four streets lead to the puzzle, which have White sidewalks and are tree lined. Hernan's street, which was named after a famous writer born in the city, contains all of the food stores, fish markets and vegetable stands. Fernando street, which was named after an educator, is where all of the government offices are housed via del mare street, whose roads are made of stones, is the only street which still has its old surface. Finally, we come to her racial street, on which there are two universities. One of them is the most famous university in my country. That's why IT is my favorite ite street of all. At the beginning of the tour, we will start with the most important place in my town, which is the plaza leon. The plaza leon, which is more than one hundred years old, is the gathering place for Young people on friday and saturday night and for parents and children on sunday afternoons. Four streets lead to the puzzle, which have White sidewalks and are tree lined. Hernan's street, which was named after a famous writer born in the city, contains all of the food stores, fish markets and vegetable stands. Fernando street, which was named after an educator, is where all of the government offices are housed via del mare street, whose roads are made of stones, is the only street which still has its old surface. Finally, we come to her racial street, on which there are two universities. One of them is the most famous university in my country. That's why IT is my favorite street of all. 西宁市海湖中学 2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试测试题 高 一 英 语 时间：120分钟 满分:150分 本试卷分卷I和卷II两部分。卷I为选择题，卷II为非选择题。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】Man: I’ve got my camera with me. Am I allowed to take photos here? Woman: I think so. It doesn’t say you can’t. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: I really like living here in this flat because it’s so near the center of town. W: That’s true, but it gets really noisy at night. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home. 【答案】A 【解析】 原文】M: Hi, Maggie, I’m coming, but it’s snowing and the traffic is moving slowly. W: Okay, David, take your time. We’ll wait for you so we can have dinner together. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Celia, you see those girls over there? They need another player for a basketball game. Would you like to join them? W: Seems like it’s a game for fun. Sure, I’ll be there in a minute. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I won’t have anything to wear to work on Monday unless I pick up my clothes at the dry cleaners. M: Then you’d better hurry. It closes at noon on Sundays. W: Oh, I should have gone there Saturday. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is Sarah going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. 7. What does the man think of Sarah’s plain? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 【答案】6. B 7. B 【解析】 【详解】A: Alright, Sara, we know that you are planning something big for John’s birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind? B: I want to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And I’ll send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday. A: Boy! What an excellent plan! That’s something special. I kind of guessed you had some secret plan and were waiting for the right time to tell me. B: Well, I didn’t want to say anything until I was sure she could come. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter? A. She has to give up her travel plan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C. Teach a geography lesson. 【答案】8. A 9. B 【解析】 【详解】A: Hey, Peter, I’m sorry! B: Hi Diana, what’s wrong? A: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend, but I’m afraid I can’t go. B: How come? A: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it. B: We can go next week instead. A: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend, because I can’t afford to fail the test. B: Ok, then I’ll go with Dan. But it’s a pity you can’t come. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 11. Who needs a new flat? A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda. 12 Where is the woman now? A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A 【解析】 【详解】A: Hello, this is Andrea. B: Hello, Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very good news for you. Miranda was very satisfied with you and said she’s very much looking forward to working with you. Isn’t that wonderful? Congratulations dear! How does it feel to be Miranda’s new assistant? I imagine that you’ll just be delighted with this news. So let’s see, you can start on Monday, right? A: Umm, well, I don’t think I can start Monday. I am visiting my father in Baltimore. And because I don’t live in New York, I’ll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture and move my things from Avon. B: Oh, well then, in that case I suppose Wednesday would be good. Ok, see you then! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant? A. Where the restaurant is. B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared. 14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982. 15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant? A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks. 16. What do we know about Jan? A. He cooks for a restaurant. B. He travels a lot for his work. C. He prefers American food. 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【详解】A: Hello, Mr. Jan Erick Freedman. You’re a frequent traveler. And we also know that you eat out twice a day. How come you’re so fond of eating out? B: When I got my first job back in 1982 and started travelling, I had no other choice but eat out. I found that I felt different due to what I was eating, so I tried to find places that served food that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the food was prepared. I made an effort to find good restaurants as well as nice dishes. A: How did you manage to make a list of 218 favorite restaurants? B: I’ve lived in many cities and when I moved back to Sweden from the United States, people asked me where to go and eat when they went to cities I knew. I got a lot of ideas. Then I wrote about restaurants for the Swedish club magazine and someone suggested I gather the information about the restaurants together since I had all the facts about the restaurants I’ve been to. I started to do that. A: How do you find restaurants? B: The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to the people at the street market or take a walk and look for a place for myself. I never asked a hotel clerk or a taxi driver. I don’t go empty restaurants or places with menus too difficult to understand. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What do we know about the Plaza Leon? A. It’s a new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s public place. 18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon? A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays. 19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets? A. Via del Mar Street. B. Fernando Street. C. Hernandes Street. 20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best? A. It has an old stone surface. B. It is named after a writer. C. It has a famous university. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C 【解析】 【详解】At the beginning of the tour, we’ll start with the most important place in my town, which is the Plaza Leon. The Plaza Leon, which is more than 100 years old, is a gathering place for young people on Friday and Saturday nights, and for parents and children on Sunday afternoons. Four streets lead to the Plaza, which have white sidewalks and treeline. Hernandes Street, which was named after a famous writer born in the city, contains all of the food stores, fish markets and vegetable stands. Femando Street, which was named after an educator, is where all of the government offices are housed. Via del Mar Street, whose roads are made of stones, is the only street which still has its old surface. Finally we come to Horatio Street on which there are two universities, one of them is the most famous university in my country. That’s why it’s my favorite street of all. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A People usually celebrate their traditional festival. The Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in other parts of the world. The traditional holiday is the most important to Chinese both at home and abroad. the United Kingdom(UK) Celebrations for Spring Festival in the UK started in 1980, with the first evening party held in 2002. Every New Year, people get together and have a lot of activities. They sing songs, dance to music, share photos with friends or enjoy films in a cinema. the United States(US) Spring Festival is an important time for Chinese living or working in the US. They join in a large evening party to welcome the traditional New Year. It is a good chance for people to feel that they are not alone because they share the same culture. Australia On Chinese New Year, many people across Australia come to Sydney’s Chinatown. They enjoy fireworks, lion dances, dragon boat races and many other traditional activities. The celebrations are also a bridge towards better understanding between Chinese and non-Chinese. Singapore The family dinner on New Year’s Eve is an important tradition for Chinese. They put traditional food on a table as an act of remembering their past. Then the whole family enjoys their dinner together. They usually have it at home because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition. 21. Chinese in Australia enjoy the following activities except ______ on Chinese New Year. A. fireworks B. lion dances C. playing cards D. dragon boat races 22. Why do Chinese families in Singapore have the New Year dinner at home? A. The restaurant is far away. B. They want to keep Chinese tradition. C. Eating at home helps save money. D. They were born in Singapore. 23. What can we learn from the text? A. All parts of the world celebrate Spring Festival. B. Chinese New Year is celebrated only in China. C. Only four foreign countries celebrate Chinese Spring Festival. D. Chinese around the world have a strong feeling towards Spring Festival. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主介绍中国人在四个其它国家庆祝春节的情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Australia部分中“On Chinese New Year, many people across Australia come to Sydney’s Chinatown. They enjoy fireworks, lion dances, dragon boat races and many other traditional activities.(在中国新年，澳大利亚各地的许多人来到悉尼的唐人街。他们喜欢烟花、舞狮、龙舟赛和许多其他传统活动。)”可知，在澳大利亚的中国人在春节时候的活动没有提到打牌。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Singapore部分中“They usually have it at home because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.(他们通常在家吃，因为在餐馆吃会失去传统的意义。)”可知，他们在家吃年夜饭是为了保持中国的传统。故选B项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The traditional holiday is the most important to Chinese both at home and abroad.(传统节日对国内外中国人来说都是最重要的节日。)”和下文对四个国家的中国人庆祝春节的介绍可知，遍布在世界各地的中国人对春节都有强烈的感情。故选D项。 B Steve Sparks was a young successful lawyer working for a famous law office when his 3-year-old daughter’s serious leg problem changed his focus and the direction of his life. The problem led to many visits to doctors and an uncertain future. In a moment his life’s changed from where he was going to take his clients (客户) to lunch to whether his daughter Katie was ever going to see her fourth birthday. For three years Katie received many treatments in the hospital. And with the help of wonderful doctors and kind care-givers in Nemours Foundation, who Steve and his wife Michelle describe as heroes, Katie’s illness was cured. Forever changed by the experience and encouraged by the heroes who saved his daughter’s life, Steve felt he couldn’t go back to business as usual. He felt there was something else he was meant to do. He joined the Nemours Foundation as their lawyer. The job change came with a 65% pay cut from what he was making, but Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paycheck. Fast forward 18 years, Katie is now a healthy 20-year-old junior in college and Steve is the Senior Vice-president of the Nemours Foundation where he brings Katie’s story and his purpose to work every day. In 3 weeks Steve will celebrate Katie’s 21st birthday, and give a big thank-you to Nemours by riding his bicycle from Nemours’ headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida to Wilmington, Delaware. He will ride more than 900 miles in 9 days and raise $100,000 for the Nemours Foundation. His purpose hasn’t just become a part of his work. It has become a part of himself and his family. 24. What’s the text mainly about? A. A man with a good purpose. B. A family suffered a lot. C. A hospital saved a girl’s life. D. A girl going through an illness. 25. Which word can take the place of the underlined word “cut” in Paragraph 3? A. Injury. B. Hole. C. Reduction. D. Share. 26. What may be Steve’s purpose of life now? A. To find his purpose. B. To help others. C. To make more money. D. To cure his daughter. 27. What can we learn from the text? A. Nothing is more important than health. B. Anyone who is kind to others is worth good returns. C. Unless you work hard, you cannot overcome any difficulty. D. Sometimes we find our purpose and sometimes our purpose finds us. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲的一个成功的律师，女儿生病后得到来自社会各方的帮助和救助，怀着感恩之心，主人公毅然决然辞去了律师职务，加入到了从事公益救助、帮助他人的事业中。 【24题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Steve Sparks was a young successful lawyer working for a famous law office when his 3-year-old daughter’s serious leg problem changed his focus and the direction of his life. The problem led to many visits to doctors and an uncertain future. In a moment his life’s changed from where he was going to take his clients (客户) to lunch to whether his daughter Katie was ever going to see her fourth birthday.(Steve Sparks是一名年轻的成功律师，在一家著名的律师事务所工作，但他3岁的女儿的严重腿部问题改变了他的注意力和生活方向。这个问题导致他多次去看医生，前途未卜。一瞬间，他的生活发生了变化，从他要带客户去吃午饭变成了他的女儿凯蒂能否过完四岁生日。)”可知，这篇文章讲述的是一个成功的律师，女儿生病后得到来自社会各方的帮助和救助，怀着感恩之心，主人公毅然决然辞去了律师职务，加入到了从事公益救助、帮助他人的事业中，因此本文的主旨是A选项“A man with a good purpose.(一个心怀美好（或正当、良好）目标/宗旨的人)”。故选A。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“but Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paycheck(但史蒂夫的目标找到了他，这比薪水更重要)”可知，Steve的薪水“减少了”。所以划线词的意思是“减少”。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“And with the help of wonderful doctors and kind care-givers in Nemours Foundation, who Steve and his wife Michelle describe as heroes, Katie’s illness was cured.(在史蒂夫和他的妻子米歇尔称为英雄的内穆尔基金会优秀的医生和善良的护理人员的帮助下，凯蒂的病被治愈了。)”；第三段中“Forever changed by the experience and encouraged by the heroes who saved his daughter’s life, Steve felt he couldn’t go back to business as usual. He felt there was something else he was meant to do.(这次经历永远地改变了史蒂夫，并受到了那些救了他女儿生命的英雄们的鼓舞，史蒂夫觉得他不能再像往常一样做生意了。他觉得自己还有别的事要做。)”；第四段中“Steve is the Senior Vice-president of the Nemours Foundation where he brings Katie’s story and his purpose to work every day.(Steve是Nemours基金会的高级副总裁，他每天都把Kati的故事和他的目标带到工作中。)”可知，史蒂夫现在的人生目标是“帮助别人”。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“but Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paycheck(但史蒂夫的目标找到了他，这比薪水更重要)”；第四段“Steve is the Senior Vice-president of the Nemours Foundation where he brings Katie’s story and his purpose to work every day.(Steve是Nemours基金会的高级副总裁，他每天都把Kati的故事和他的目标带到工作中。)”可知，我们能从文中得知，有时我们找到了目标，有时我们的目标找到了我们。故选D。 C Browsing (浏览) videos on TikTok or YouTube can be a hit-and-miss affair. But researchers have found that switching to another video, or skipping forwards and backwards in the same one, actually makes people more bored. Dr Katy Tam at the University of Toronto Scarborough, the lead author of the research, said boredom was closely linked to attention. “We feel bored when there’s a gap between how engaged we are and how engaged we want to be,” she said. “When people keep switching through videos, they become less engaged with the videos and they are looking for something more interesting. This can lead to increased feelings of boredom.” The results appear to agree with other studies: as the team notes, previous research has suggested that while boredom relief is a driver for people to use social media or smartphones, the use of such technology appears to make the feeling worse. Writing in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Tam and colleagues report how they carried out seven experiments involving a total of more than 1, 200 participants. The first, involving 140 participants, showed that people tended to switch between videos more when they rated the content more boring, while the second — an online survey involving 231 participants — suggested people thought having the option to skip through a video or switch to another would make viewing a video less boring. However, the team’s following experiments suggest this is not the case. Data from a group of 166 undergraduates suggests participants felt more bored when allowed to skip about within a video than when they were not able to, while results from 159 undergraduates revealed they reported higher levels of boredom when given a collection of five-minute videos they could switch between, compared with a single 10-minute video. “Our research shows that while people fast-forward or skip videos to avoid boredom, this behaviour can actually make them feel more bored,” she said. “Just as we pay for an immersive experience in a movie theatre, enjoyment often comes from immersing ourselves in videos rather than swiping through them.” 28. Why does keeping switching to another video make people feel bored? A. It lowers people’s attention with videos. B. It reduces people’s dependence on videos. C. It calls for higher demands for concentration. D. It makes people less interested in smart phones. 29. What can we learn from the previous research? A. Turning to smartphones for relief made people more bored. B. People switched between videos more when they were bored. C. The more technology people used, the more curiosity they had. D. Switching to another video frequently made people more interested. 30. How did Tam and his colleagues conduct the study? A. By analyzing causes. B. By building a model. C. By listing some examples. D. By comparing some data. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Enjoyment often comes from engagement. B. The reason why people browse videos is boredom. C. A research shows browsing videos makes people more bored. D. We should avoid feelings of boredom when browsing videos. 【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多斯卡伯勒大学的研究人员关于人们浏览视频的研究，研究表明不断切换视频或在同一视频中前后跳跃实际上会让人们感到更无聊。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““We feel bored when there’s a gap between how engaged we are and how engaged we want to be, ” she said. “When people keep switching through videos, they become less engaged with the videos and they are looking for something more interesting. This can lead to increased feelings of boredom. ”(“当我们的投入程度和我们想要的投入程度之间存在差距时，我们会感到无聊，”她说。“当人们不停地切换视频时，他们对视频的参与度就会降低，他们会寻找更有趣的东西。这可能会增加无聊感。”)”可知，不断切换到另一个视频会让人感到无聊是因为它降低了人们对视频的注意力。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The results appear to agree with other studies: as the team notes, previous research has suggested that while boredom relief is a driver for people to use social media or smartphones, the use of such technology appears to make the feeling worse.(研究结果似乎与其他研究结果一致：正如研究小组指出的那样，之前的研究表明，虽然缓解无聊是人们使用社交媒体或智能手机的一个动力，但使用这些技术似乎会让感觉更糟)”可知，从前面的研究中我们能了解到转向智能手机寻求缓解让人们更加无聊。故选A项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The first, involving 140 participants, showed that people tended to switch between videos more when they rated the content more boring, while the second — an online survey involving 231 participants — suggested people thought having the option to skip through a video or switch to another would make viewing a video less boring.(第一项涉及140名参与者的调查显示，当人们认为视频内容更无聊时，他们倾向于在视频之间切换，而第二项涉及231名参与者的在线调查显示，人们认为可以选择跳过一个视频或切换到另一个视频会让观看视频不那么无聊)”以及第五段“However, the team’s following experiments suggest this is not the case. Data from a group of 166 undergraduates suggests participants felt more bored when allowed to skip about within a video than when they were not able to, while results from 159 undergraduates revealed they reported higher levels or boredom when given a collection of five-minute videos they could switch between, compared with a single 10-minute video.(然而，该团队接下来的实验表明情况并非如此。来自166名大学生的数据显示，当参与者被允许在视频中跳来跳去时，他们会比不被允许跳来跳去时感到更无聊；而来自159名大学生的结果显示，当他们被允许在一组5分钟的视频中切换时，他们的无聊程度要高于一个10分钟的视频)”可知，Tam和她的同事是通过对比一些数据来进行研究的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Browsing (浏览) videos on TikTok or YouTube can be a hit-and-miss affair. But researchers have found that switching to another video, or skipping forwards and backwards in the same one, actually makes people more bored.(在TikTok或YouTube上浏览视频可能是一件偶然的事情。但研究人员发现，切换到另一个视频，或者在同一个视频中来回跳，实际上会让人更无聊)”以及纵观全文可知，这篇文章主要讲了一项研究表明浏览视频让人们更无聊。故选C项。 D The 2026 World Cup final will be held at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey, organizers FIFA announced on Sunday. The New York held off a strong challenge from Dallas to win the July 19 game, the culmination (高潮) of the expanded 48-team tournament (锦标赛) being co-hosted by the US, Canada and Mexico. The competition will kick-off with the opening game at Mexico City’s iconic Azteca Stadium on June 11. Atlanta and Dallas will host the semi-finals while the third-place game will be played in Miami. The quarter-final games will take place in Los Angeles, Kansas City, Miami and Boston. A total of 16 cities across the three countries will host games, while most of the matches will be held in the US. The New York had lobbied (游说) hard on the city’s experience at hosting major international events and its position as a global city with easy transportation connections for fans. There is some compensation for Dallas with the spot being given nine total games — the most of any spot. Los Angeles had also thrown a hat into the ring, but the attempt struggled among disagreements with FIFA about tournament upgrades (升级) needed to National Football League playground, SoFi Stadium. The Azteca will become the first stadium to host the World Cup tournament games in three separate editions after 1970 and 1986. The World Cup will take place during celebrations of the 250th anniversary of American independence. A round-of-16 game will be held on July 4, Independence Day, in Philadelphia, where the US Declaration of Independence was signed. The expansion of the tournament to 48 teams from 32 means there will be an additional 24 matches, making up 104 games across the 16 chosen playgrounds. The tournament will take 12 groups, with the top two going through and the eight best third-placed teams. From there, the competition is a straight knock-out format until the champion is determined. 32. Which city will hold most matches? A. Dallas. B. Azteca. C. New York. D. Los Angeles. 33. What made Los Angeles fail to host the 2026 World Cup final? A. It has hosted the World Cup games in three separate editions. B. It has no experiences in hosting major international events. C. It isn’t a global city with easy transportation connections. D. Its stadium doesn’t agree with the FIFA requirement. 34. What can we learn about the Azteca Stadium from the text? A. It will host the fourth World Cup tournament game. B. It is located in New Jersey of the United States. C. It will host the first game of the tournament. D. It will celebrate its 250th anniversary during the tournament. 35. How many teams will advance to the second stage? A. 12. B. 24. C. 32. D. 48. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了2026年世界杯的举办地点、赛事安排、参赛队伍规模等信息，包括决赛场地、各阶段比赛的举办城市及赛事赛制等内容。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“There is some compensation for Dallas with the spot being given nine total games — the most of any spot. (达拉斯获得了总共9场比赛的举办权——是所有举办地点中最多的。)”可知举办比赛最多的城市是达拉斯。故选A项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Los Angeles had also thrown a hat into the ring, but the attempt struggled among disagreements with FIFA about tournament upgrades needed to National Football League playground, SoFi Stadium. (洛杉矶也参与了竞争，但因与国际足联在其体育场的赛事升级要求上存在分歧，尝试未能成功。)”，可知洛杉矶失败的原因是其体育场不符合国际足联的要求。故选D项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“The competition will kick-off with the opening game at Mexico City’s iconic Azteca Stadium on June 11. (赛事揭幕战将在6月11日于墨西哥城标志性的阿兹特克体育场举行。)”可知阿兹特克体育场将举办赛事的首场比赛。故选C项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段“The tournament will take 12 groups, with the top two going through and the eight best third-placed teams. (赛事共有12个小组，每个小组前两名晋级，同时还有8支排名第三的球队晋级)”计算可知32支队伍晋级第二阶段。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Take Notes from a Textbook Be selective. You should not write down every piece of information in the book.____36____Finding the right balance of writing enough but not too much can be a challenge, but it is the key to taking effective notes. Paraphrase (释义) information from the text. ____37____Paraphrasing information usually shows that you really understood what you read. It will likely be more meaningful to you later when you are reviewing your notes if you have written them in your own words. ____38____ Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it’s best to write them in a way that makes sense to you. Organize your notes in a meaningful way. Depending on the subject, you may want to organize your notes in a particular way. History notes maybe most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next.____39____ Add visual elements if it helps you. Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes.____40____You may want to draw a simple comics series (连环画) to show a specific event or relationships between people. Don’t let adding visual elements distract you from the task at hand, but add visuals if it will help you remember the material more effectively. A. Use tools to aid your understanding. B. Use a format (格式) that works for you. C. You should write your notes in your own words. D. Before you begin reading or taking notes, preview the chapter. E. Nor should you write down one fact per page, or you might end up wasting precious time. F. You might want to write down a copy of a graph (图表) instead of writing information about it. G. It’s also a good idea to separate your notes in different folders (文件夹) for each class, so they don’t get mixed up. 【答案】36. E 37. C 38. B 39. G 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些记笔记的方法。 【36题详解】 小标题“Be selective.(是有选择性的。)”和上文“You should not write down every piece of information in the book.(你不应该把书里的每一条信息都写下来。)”说明记笔记需要注意有选择性，不要记下所有的信息，选项E“你也不应该每页写一个事实，否则你可能会浪费宝贵的时间。”呼应小标题，承接上文，对上文进行进一步解释。故选E项。 【37题详解】 小标题“Paraphrase (释义) information from the text.(从文本中改写信息。)”说明记笔记时，要转述改写文本中的信息，不要照抄照搬文本中的东西，要用自己的话写笔记，选项C“你应该用自己的话写笔记。”呼应小标题，并引出下文“Paraphrasing information usually shows that you really understood what you read. It will likely be more meaningful to you later when you are reviewing your notes if you have written them in your own words.(转述信息通常表明你真正理解了你所读的内容。如果你用自己的话来写笔记，以后在复习笔记的时候可能会更有意义。)”。故选C项。 【38题详解】 下文“Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it’s best to write them in a way that makes sense to you.(你的笔记可以采用图表的形式。你可以给自己画一个事件的时间轴，这样你就可以看到事情发生的顺序，而不仅仅是一个事件列表。这些笔记是你学习的辅助工具，所以最好用一种对你有意义的方式来写。)”说明本段建议使用一些适合自己的格式记笔记，选项B“使用一种适合你的格式。”概括本段主旨大意，为最佳小标题，故选B项。 【39题详解】 小标题“Organize your notes in a meaningful way.(用有意义的方式整理你的笔记。)”和上文“History notes maybe most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next.(历史笔记按时间顺序可能是最有逻辑的。然而，科学笔记可能需要以特定的顺序进行记录，以显示掌握了一个概念，然后再进行下一个概念。)”说明本段建议使用有意义的方式记笔记，并举例说明了历史笔记和科学笔记用什么有意义的方式，选项G“把每堂课的笔记放在不同的文件夹里也是个好主意，这样就不会混淆了。”呼应小标题，承接上文，列举了整理笔记的另一种有意义的方式。故选G项。 【40题详解】 上文“Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes.(视觉学习者经常通过自己笔记中的视觉表现得到帮助。)”说明视觉记忆对于视觉学习者的益处，选项F“你可能想用一张图表记录，而不是写下有关它的信息。”承接上文，列举了视觉记忆的一种方式。故选F项。 第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born without the right hand and most of the right forearm, Anantawan only has five fingers. The____41____made it hard for him to play music with recorder (竖笛), when in fifth grade his music teacher wanted all the students to do it. ____42____giving up his love for music, Anantawan and his parents decided to find him a____43____instrument to explore his musical talent. They tried various kinds of instruments, and____44____chose the violin. They____45____the hospital, asking them to create a cast (铸模) that would allow the then 10-year-old to slip the bow (琴弓) to make the ____46____. “From the very first note that I was playing, I was really____47____to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument,” Anantawan____48____. Anantawan is____49____for the technology that allows people like him to find access (通道) to music. But he thinks the most important thing for him to be_____50_____in the music field is the support from those who encourage him. It is their belief in him that really_____51_____. Anantawan is now working to provide that_____52_____for others. As a professor at the Berklee College of Music now, Anantawan _____53_____the Music Inclusion Ensemble, a group involving(包含)students with disabilities. Anantawan _____54_____people who may be experiencing_____55_____to believe they could find ways to shine. 41. A. disability B. confidence C. cause D. distance 42. A. Ahead of B. Instead of C. For the purpose of D. As a result of 43. A. basic B. normal C. suitable D. simple 44. A. slowly B. unluckily C. completely D. finally 45. A. contacted B. refused C. left D. designed 46. A. change B. matter C. sound D. test 47. A. attracted B. confused C. similar D. close 48. A. recognized B. promised C. shouted D. recalled 49. A. harmful B. grateful C. famous D. responsible 50. A. shown B. cheated C. included D. pushed 51. A. makes a difference B. takes the lead C. calms down D. carries on 52. A. plan B. effort C. chance D. sight 53. A. set up B. applied for C. focused on D. showed off 54. A. stops B. orders C. forces D. inspires 55. A. adventures B. challenges C. stress D. failure 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天生残疾的Anantawan在音乐道路上的经历以及为他人所做的贡献。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种残疾使得他在五年级时用竖笛演奏音乐变得困难，当时他的音乐老师希望所有学生都用竖笛演奏。A. disability残疾；B. confidence信心；C. cause原因；D. distance距离。根据上文 “Born without the right hand and most of the right forearm, Anantawan only has five fingers.”可知，Anantawan生来就没有右手和大部分右前臂，只有五根手指，这是一种身体上的残疾，导致他演奏竖笛有困难，故选A项。 【42题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：Anantawan和他的父母没有放弃对音乐的热爱，而是决定为他找一种合适的乐器来发掘他的音乐天赋。A. Ahead of在……之前；B. Instead of而不是；C. For the purpose of为了……目的；D. As a result of由于……结果。根据下文“to explore his musical talent”可知，他们决定为他找一种合适的乐器来发掘他的音乐天赋，可推理出他们没有放弃音乐，而是采取了另外的做法，故选B项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同第2题。A. basic基本的；B. normal正常的；C. suitable合适的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“to explore his musical talent”可知，下文说的是发掘他的音乐天赋，可推理出此处说的是要找一种适合他身体状况能让他发挥音乐天赋的乐器，故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们尝试了各种各样的乐器，最终选择了小提琴。A. slowly缓慢地；B. unluckily不幸地；C. completely完全地；D. finally最终。根据上文“They tried various kinds of instruments”可知，他们尝试了各种各样的乐器，可推理出经过多种尝试后，最后做出了选择，故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们联系了医院，要求他们制作一个铸模，以便当时10岁的他能够滑动琴弓来发出声音。A. contacted联系；B. refused拒绝；C. left离开；D. designed设计。根据下文“asking them to create a cast”可知，下文说的是要求他们制作一个铸模，可推理出是和医院取得联系并提出要求，故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第5题。A. change改变；B. matter事情；C. sound声音；D. test测试。根据上文“slip the bow”可知，上文提到了滑动琴弓，再根据乐器演奏的常识可知，滑动琴弓是为了发出声音，故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Anantawan回忆说：“从我演奏的第一个音符开始，我就真的被那种声音以及我身体和乐器的连接所吸引。”A. attracted吸引；B. confused使困惑；C. similar相似的；D. close接近的。根据下文“to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument”可知，下文说的是那种声音以及我身体和乐器的连接，可推理出他一开始就被吸引了，故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第7题。A. recognized认出；B. promised承诺；C. shouted喊叫；D. recalled回忆。根据上文“From the very first note that I was playing”可知，上文描述的是过去刚开始演奏小提琴时的感受，所以这里是他回忆当时的情况，故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Anantawan对那些能让像他这样的人有机会接触音乐的技术心怀感激。A. harmful有害的；B. grateful感激的；C. famous著名的；D. responsible负责的。根据下文“for the technology that allows people like him to find access to music”可知，下文说的是那些能让像他这样的人有机会接触音乐的技术，可推理出他从这些技术中受益，他是心怀感激的，故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他认为，对他来说，能在音乐领域被接纳的最重要的事情是那些鼓励他的人的支持。A. shown展示；B. cheated欺骗；C. included接纳；包括；D. pushed推。根据下文“in the music field is the support from those who encourage him”可知，下文说的是音乐领域，这里说的是能在音乐领域被接纳，故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是他们对他的信任才真正起了作用。A. makes a difference起作用；B. takes the lead带头；C. calms down平静下来；D. carries on继续。根据上文“the support from those who encourage him”可知，上文提到了那些鼓励他的人的支持，可推理出这种信任起到了重要作用，故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Anantawan现在正在努力为其他人提供这样的机会。A. plan计划；B. effort努力；C. chance机会；D. sight景象。根据上文“the technology that allows people like him to find access to music”可知，上文提到了那些能让像他这样的人有机会接触音乐的技术，可推理出此处说的是想为他人提供接触音乐的机会，故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为伯克利音乐学院的一名教授，Anantawan建立了音乐融合乐团，这是一个由残疾学生组成的团体。A. set up建立；B. applied for申请；C. focused on专注于；D. showed off炫耀。根据下文“a group involving students with disabilities”可知，下文说的是一个由残疾学生组成的团体，可推理出他是建立了这样一个团体，故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Anantawan激励那些可能正在经历挑战的人们相信他们能够找到发光的方法。A. stops阻止；B. orders命令；C. forces强迫；D. inspires激励。根据下文“people who may be experiencing”可知，下文说的是那些可能正在经历……的人，可推理出此处说的是他在激励这些人，故选D项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第14题。A. adventures冒险；B. challenges挑战；C. stress压力；D. failure失败。根据下文“they could find ways to shine”可知，下文提到了他们能够找到发光的方法，可推理出这里说的是那些可能正在经历挑战的人们，故选B项。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. _____56_____ (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox (秋分). It’s a time _____57_____ (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers _____58_____ (play) in the past three decades. As _____59_____ country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority (头等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently (持续地) increased, _____60_____(enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, _____61_____ helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ ______62______ (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address _____63_____ (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions ____64____ global food security. Food insecurity is _____65_____ (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words. 【答案】56. Known 57. to honor 58. have played 59. a 60. enabling 61. which 62. recognition 63 its 64. to 65. basically 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章概述了中国农民在2023年庆祝丰收节的盛况，强调了农民的重要性和中国粮食安全的全球意义，同时指出了全球发展不平衡导致的食品安全问题。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为中国农民丰收节的这个节日，每年在秋分时节举行。分析句子可知，此空需用非谓语动词，且know与逻辑主语this event之间是被动关系，意为“被称为……”，且此空位于句首，首字母应大写，所以应填过去分词Known。故填Known。 57题详解】 考查不定式。句意：这是向农民的辛勤劳动致敬和庆祝他们成就的时刻。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式to do作后置定语，表示目的，即“为了……”。故填to honor。 【58题详解】 考查定语从句的时态。句意：这也凸显了农民在过去三十年中扮演的重要角色。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句，根据句中时间状语“in the past three decades”可知，空处作为从句谓语，应用现在完成时，因主语为farmers，是复数，故应填have played。故填have played。 【59题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为一个人口大国，中国把解决粮食安全问题作为首要任务。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指“一个人口大国”，且country为可数名词单数形式，且为辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【60题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：在过去的十年里，中国的粮食生产持续增长，使中国能够为其他国家和地区提供帮助。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语形式，因enable与逻辑主语“the country’s grain production”为主动关系，故此处应用现在分词enabling，意为“使能够”。故填enabling。 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在全球范围内，中国比其他任何国家付出更多的努力，这有助于发展中国家相互合作。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子“On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country”，在从句中充当主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：其他国家对中国农业发展的认可可以概括为两点。分析句子可知，空处为该句主语，故应为所给词的名词形式；recognition为不可数名词，意为“认可”，故填recognition。 【63题详解】 考查代词。句意：首先，他们尊重中国解决自己粮食安全问题的能力。“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”意为“自己的……”；根据所给词it，故应为其形容词性物主代词形式its。故填its。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：其次，他们视中国为“真朋友”，因为中国为全球粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语“make contributions to...”,意为“对……做出贡献”，介词to表动作指向，意为“向……，对……”。故填to。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意：粮食不安全基本上是由全球发展不平衡造成的。根据句意可知，此处应用副词basically修饰动词caused，表示“基本上”。故填basically。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Alice来信向你倾诉她深受体重问题的困扰，希望你能给她一些健康减肥的建议。请你根据以下要点给她写一封回信： 1. 表示理解和关心； 2. 给出具体的减肥建议（如合理饮食、适量运动、保持良好作息等）； 3. 鼓励她保持积极心态，相信自己能够成功。 注意：词数100左右。 Dear Alice, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Alice, I was sorry to hear about your struggles with weight. Please know that I fully understand how difficult it can be to deal with such a sensitive matter, and let me share some advice that might help. Firstly, focus on a balanced diet. Try to eat more fruits and vegetables, and reduce your intake of sugary foods and drinks. Secondly, regular exercise is crucial. Find an activity you enjoy, such as walking, jogging, or yoga. Aim for at least 30 minutes each time you exercise. Additionally, getting enough sleep is important for weight management. Try to maintain a regular sleep schedule to reduce stress. Please remember that weight loss is a gradual process that requires patience and persistence. I believe in you and your ability to make positive changes in your life. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给英国朋友Alice写一封回信，为深受体重问题困扰的她提供一些健康减肥的建议，需首先对她的情况表示理解和关心，然后可从饮食、运动及作息方面给出具体的建议，最后给予她鼓励。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 困难的：difficult→hard, tough 应对：deal with→handle, tackle 专心于：focus on→concentrate on 关键的：crucial→essential, significant, vital 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Additionally, getting enough sleep is important for weight management. Try to maintain a regular sleep schedule to reduce stress. 拓展句：Additionally, as getting enough sleep is important for weight management, try to maintain a regular sleep schedule to reduce stress. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Please know that I fully understand how difficult it can be to deal with such a sensitive matter, and let me share some advice that might help. (运用了第一个that引导宾语从句、how引导宾语从句、第二个that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Additionally, getting enough sleep is important for weight management. (运用了动名词短语作主语) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My connection with the farm in Missouri was as deep-rooted as the tree my parents planted years ago. In my early memories, I watched my parents work hard day and night. Their tireless efforts proved their love for our family and the land. One spring evening, as my father was guiding a tractor (拖拉机) across the field to sow the seeds (播种), the front light suddenly went out, making it hard for us to go on working. My father set off on a long journey to buy a new light. The cold wind blew, but it didn’t weaken his determination to finish the task. “Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today. When we meet difficulties, we should find ways to solve them,” he said. With my mother’s support, we replaced the light together and continued working. Then the tractor’s warm light and my father’s determination became guiding lights for me. Decades passed, and my parents grew old. They still lived in a house on the farm. Later, I started a family and took over the farm. I often told Peter, my son, who was a painter, about the importance of hard work and determination. One day, Peter visited me. He told me about the challenges of being a painter, like needing to find inspiration regularly. Recently, he hadn’t found any new ideas and was considering giving up. Silently, I led him to the place where the tractor stood. I pointed to the big tree next to the tractor, a reminder of the past. “That tree was very young when your grandparents planted it the day after we fixed the light,” I said. I shared the story with him proudly. Peter looked at the tractor and the tree, saying, “I can see you from decades ago, a little boy, learning determination and love on this land.” He smiled and said he would stick to his painting career. Only then did I realize I should personally thank my parents for their education, which also benefited my son. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, my parents walked out of the house. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Inspired by his grandparents’ stories, Peter began a new artistic journey. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Just then, my parents walked out of the house. I went straight to embrace them warmly and said, “Thank you for instilling in me the importance of hard work and determination.” My mother smiled, and my father gave me a reassuring pat on the back. Peter observed us, feeling a sense of inspiration. “Grandpa, Grandma, your story has sparked new ideas for my paintings,” he remarked. My parents’ eyes shone with pride and joy. We stood there, united by a deep connection across generations, grounded in love, perseverance, and shared memories. Inspired by his grandparents’ stories, Peter began a new artistic journey. He devoted his days to sketching the farm, capturing the spirit of hard work and determination. After months of effort, Peter completed a series of paintings that showed our family’s journey. His artworks were displayed in a local gallery, earning widespread praise and admiration. Peter’s success was a reflection of the values handed down through generations. The story of the light was more than a memory. It symbolized our family’s enduring bond, which was growing stronger like the tree that had weathered countless seasons. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了作者的成长经历及对后代的影响。记忆中，父母在农场的辛勤工作和热爱土地的精神深深影响作者。一次，父亲在春夜播种时遇困境，展现的决心和态度成为作者的指引。作者接过农场后，常向儿子彼得传授努力工作的价值。当彼得面临挑战想放弃时，作者带他回到当年修灯之地，以真实经历激励他。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，我的父母走出了房子。”可知，第一段可描写作者对父母的感谢，以及彼得看到这一幕获得灵感。 ②由第二段首句内容“受到爷爷奶奶故事的启发，彼得开始了新的艺术之旅。”可知，第二段可描写彼得的创作过程以及获得成功和总结。 2. 续写线索：感谢父母——获得灵感——努力创作——作品展出——获得赞誉——总结 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①观察：observe/notice ②激发：spark/inspire ③展示：dispaly/exhibit 情绪类 ①喜悦：joy/pleasure ②钦佩：admiration/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1]After months of effort, Peter completed a series of paintings that showed our family’s journey.(运用了that引导的限定性定语从句) [高分句型2]It symbolized our family’s enduring bond, which was growing stronger like the tree that had weathered countless seasons.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 西宁市海湖中学 2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试测试题 高 一 英 语 时间：120分钟 满分:150分 本试卷分卷I和卷II两部分。卷I为选择题，卷II为非选择题。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is Sarah going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. 7. What does the man think of Sarah’s plain? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter? A. She has to give up her travel plan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C. Teach a geography lesson. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10 Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 11. Who needs a new flat? A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda. 12. Where is the woman now? A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant? A. Where the restaurant is. B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared. 14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982. 15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant? A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks. 16. What do we know about Jan? A. He cooks for a restaurant. B. He travels a lot for his work. C. He prefers American food. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17 What do we know about the Plaza Leon? A. It’s a new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s public place. 18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon? A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays. 19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets? A. Via del Mar Street. B. Fernando Street. C. Hernandes Street. 20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best? A. It has an old stone surface. B. It is named after a writer. C. It has a famous university. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A People usually celebrate their traditional festival. The Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in other parts of the world. The traditional holiday is the most important to Chinese both at home and abroad. the United Kingdom(UK) Celebrations for Spring Festival in the UK started in 1980 with the first evening party held in 2002. Every New Year, people get together and have a lot of activities. They sing songs, dance to music, share photos with friends or enjoy films in a cinema. the United States(US) Spring Festival is an important time for Chinese living or working in the US. They join in a large evening party to welcome the traditional New Year. It is a good chance for people to feel that they are not alone because they share the same culture. Australia On Chinese New Year, many people across Australia come to Sydney’s Chinatown. They enjoy fireworks, lion dances, dragon boat races and many other traditional activities. The celebrations are also a bridge towards better understanding between Chinese and non-Chinese. Singapore The family dinner on New Year’s Eve is an important tradition for Chinese. They put traditional food on a table as an act of remembering their past. Then the whole family enjoys their dinner together. They usually have it at home because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition. 21. Chinese in Australia enjoy the following activities except ______ on Chinese New Year. A. fireworks B. lion dances C. playing cards D. dragon boat races 22. Why do Chinese families in Singapore have the New Year dinner at home? A. The restaurant is far away. B. They want to keep Chinese tradition. C. Eating at home helps save money. D. They were born in Singapore. 23. What can we learn from the text? A. All parts of the world celebrate Spring Festival. B. Chinese New Year is celebrated only in China. C. Only four foreign countries celebrate Chinese Spring Festival. D. Chinese around the world have a strong feeling towards Spring Festival. B Steve Sparks was a young successful lawyer working for a famous law office when his 3-year-old daughter’s serious leg problem changed his focus and the direction of his life. The problem led to many visits to doctors and an uncertain future. In a moment his life’s changed from where he was going to take his clients (客户) to lunch to whether his daughter Katie was ever going to see her fourth birthday. For three years Katie received many treatments in the hospital. And with the help of wonderful doctors and kind care-givers in Nemours Foundation, who Steve and his wife Michelle describe as heroes, Katie’s illness was cured. Forever changed by the experience and encouraged by the heroes who saved his daughter’s life, Steve felt he couldn’t go back to business as usual. He felt there was something else he was meant to do. He joined the Nemours Foundation as their lawyer. The job change came with a 65% pay cut from what he was making, but Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paycheck. Fast forward 18 years, Katie is now a healthy 20-year-old junior in college and Steve is the Senior Vice-president of the Nemours Foundation where he brings Katie’s story and his purpose to work every day. In 3 weeks Steve will celebrate Katie’s 21st birthday, and give a big thank-you to Nemours by riding his bicycle from Nemours’ headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida to Wilmington, Delaware. He will ride more than 900 miles in 9 days and raise $100,000 for the Nemours Foundation. His purpose hasn’t just become a part of his work. It has become a part of himself and his family. 24. What’s the text mainly about? A. A man with a good purpose. B. A family suffered a lot. C. A hospital saved a girl’s life. D. A girl going through an illness. 25. Which word can take the place of the underlined word “cut” in Paragraph 3? A. Injury. B. Hole. C. Reduction. D. Share. 26. What may be Steve’s purpose of life now? A. To find his purpose. B. To help others. C. To make more money. D. To cure his daughter. 27. What can we learn from the text? A. Nothing is more important than health. B. Anyone who is kind to others is worth good returns. C. Unless you work hard, you cannot overcome any difficulty. D. Sometimes we find our purpose and sometimes our purpose finds us. C Browsing (浏览) videos on TikTok or YouTube can be a hit-and-miss affair. But researchers have found that switching to another video, or skipping forwards and backwards in the same one, actually makes people more bored. Dr Katy Tam at the University of Toronto Scarborough, the lead author of the research, said boredom was closely linked to attention. “We feel bored when there’s a gap between how engaged we are and how engaged we want to be,” she said. “When people keep switching through videos, they become less engaged with the videos and they are looking for something more interesting. This can lead to increased feelings of boredom.” The results appear to agree with other studies: as the team notes, previous research has suggested that while boredom relief is a driver for people to use social media or smartphones, the use of such technology appears to make the feeling worse. Writing in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Tam and colleagues report how they carried out seven experiments involving a total of more than 1, 200 participants. The first, involving 140 participants, showed that people tended to switch between videos more when they rated the content more boring, while the second — an online survey involving 231 participants — suggested people thought having the option to skip through a video or switch to another would make viewing a video less boring. However, the team’s following experiments suggest this is not the case. Data from a group of 166 undergraduates suggests participants felt more bored when allowed to skip about within a video than when they were not able to, while results from 159 undergraduates revealed they reported higher levels of boredom when given a collection of five-minute videos they could switch between, compared with a single 10-minute video. “Our research shows that while people fast-forward or skip videos to avoid boredom, this behaviour can actually make them feel more bored,” she said. “Just as we pay for an immersive experience in a movie theatre, enjoyment often comes from immersing ourselves in videos rather than swiping through them.” 28. Why does keeping switching to another video make people feel bored? A. It lowers people’s attention with videos. B. It reduces people’s dependence on videos. C. It calls for higher demands for concentration. D. It makes people less interested in smart phones. 29. What can we learn from the previous research? A. Turning to smartphones for relief made people more bored. B. People switched between videos more when they were bored. C. The more technology people used, the more curiosity they had. D. Switching to another video frequently made people more interested. 30. How did Tam and his colleagues conduct the study? A. By analyzing causes. B. By building a model. C. By listing some examples. D. By comparing some data. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Enjoyment often comes from engagement. B. The reason why people browse videos is boredom. C. A research shows browsing videos makes people more bored. D. We should avoid feelings of boredom when browsing videos. D The 2026 World Cup final will be held at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey, organizers FIFA announced on Sunday. The New York held off a strong challenge from Dallas to win the July 19 game, the culmination (高潮) of the expanded 48-team tournament (锦标赛) being co-hosted by the US, Canada and Mexico. The competition will kick-off with the opening game at Mexico City’s iconic Azteca Stadium on June 11. Atlanta and Dallas will host the semi-finals while the third-place game will be played in Miami. The quarter-final games will take place in Los Angeles, Kansas City, Miami and Boston. A total of 16 cities across the three countries will host games, while most of the matches will be held in the US. The New York had lobbied (游说) hard on the city’s experience at hosting major international events and its position as a global city with easy transportation connections for fans. There is some compensation for Dallas with the spot being given nine total games — the most of any spot. Los Angeles had also thrown a hat into the ring, but the attempt struggled among disagreements with FIFA about tournament upgrades (升级) needed to National Football League playground, SoFi Stadium. The Azteca will become the first stadium to host the World Cup tournament games in three separate editions after 1970 and 1986. The World Cup will take place during celebrations of the 250th anniversary of American independence. A round-of-16 game will be held on July 4, Independence Day, in Philadelphia, where the US Declaration of Independence was signed. The expansion of the tournament to 48 teams from 32 means there will be an additional 24 matches making up 104 games across the 16 chosen playgrounds. The tournament will take 12 groups, with the top two going through and the eight best third-placed teams. From there, the competition is a straight knock-out format until the champion is determined. 32. Which city will hold most matches? A. Dallas. B. Azteca. C. New York. D. Los Angeles. 33. What made Los Angeles fail to host the 2026 World Cup final? A. It has hosted the World Cup games in three separate editions. B. It has no experiences in hosting major international events. C. It isn’t a global city with easy transportation connections. D. Its stadium doesn’t agree with the FIFA requirement. 34. What can we learn about the Azteca Stadium from the text? A. It will host the fourth World Cup tournament game. B. It is located in New Jersey of the United States. C. It will host the first game of the tournament. D. It will celebrate its 250th anniversary during the tournament. 35. How many teams will advance to the second stage? A. 12. B. 24. C. 32. D. 48. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Take Notes from a Textbook Be selective. You should not write down every piece of information in the book.____36____Finding the right balance of writing enough but not too much can be a challenge, but it is the key to taking effective notes. Paraphrase (释义) information from the text. ____37____Paraphrasing information usually shows that you really understood what you read. It will likely be more meaningful to you later when you are reviewing your notes if you have written them in your own words. ____38____ Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it’s best to write them in a way that makes sense to you. Organize your notes in a meaningful way. Depending on the subject, you may want to organize your notes in a particular way. History notes maybe most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next.____39____ Add visual elements if it helps you. Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes.____40____You may want to draw a simple comics series (连环画) to show a specific event or relationships between people. Don’t let adding visual elements distract you from the task at hand, but add visuals if it will help you remember the material more effectively. A. Use tools to aid your understanding. B. Use a format (格式) that works for you. C. You should write your notes in your own words. D. Before you begin reading or taking notes, preview the chapter. E. Nor should you write down one fact per page, or you might end up wasting precious time. F. You might want to write down a copy of a graph (图表) instead of writing information about it. G. It’s also a good idea to separate your notes in different folders (文件夹) for each class, so they don’t get mixed up. 第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born without the right hand and most of the right forearm, Anantawan only has five fingers. The____41____made it hard for him to play music with recorder (竖笛), when in fifth grade his music teacher wanted all the students to do it. ____42____giving up his love for music, Anantawan and his parents decided to find him a____43____instrument to explore his musical talent. They tried various kinds of instruments, and____44____chose the violin. They____45____the hospital, asking them to create a cast (铸模) that would allow the then 10-year-old to slip the bow (琴弓) to make the ____46____. “From the very first note that I was playing, I was really____47____to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument,” Anantawan____48____. Anantawan is____49____for the technology that allows people like him to find access (通道) to music. But he thinks the most important thing for him to be_____50_____in the music field is the support from those who encourage him. It is their belief in him that really_____51_____. Anantawan is now working to provide that_____52_____for others. As a professor at the Berklee College of Music now, Anantawan _____53_____the Music Inclusion Ensemble, a group involving(包含)students with disabilities. Anantawan _____54_____people who may be experiencing_____55_____to believe they could find ways to shine. 41. A. disability B. confidence C. cause D. distance 42. A. Ahead of B. Instead of C. For the purpose of D. As a result of 43. A. basic B. normal C. suitable D. simple 44. A. slowly B. unluckily C. completely D. finally 45. A. contacted B. refused C. left D. designed 46. A. change B. matter C. sound D. test 47. A. attracted B. confused C. similar D. close 48. A. recognized B. promised C. shouted D. recalled 49. A. harmful B. grateful C. famous D. responsible 50 A. shown B. cheated C. included D. pushed 51. A. makes a difference B. takes the lead C. calms down D. carries on 52. A. plan B. effort C. chance D. sight 53. A. set up B. applied for C. focused on D. showed off 54. A. stops B. orders C. forces D. inspires 55. A. adventures B. challenges C. stress D. failure 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. _____56_____ (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox (秋分). It’s a time _____57_____ (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers _____58_____ (play) in the past three decades. As _____59_____ country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority (头等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently (持续地) increased, _____60_____(enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, _____61_____ helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ ______62______ (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address _____63_____ (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions ____64____ global food security. Food insecurity is _____65_____ (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Alice来信向你倾诉她深受体重问题的困扰，希望你能给她一些健康减肥的建议。请你根据以下要点给她写一封回信： 1. 表示理解和关心； 2. 给出具体的减肥建议（如合理饮食、适量运动、保持良好作息等）； 3. 鼓励她保持积极心态，相信自己能够成功。 注意：词数100左右。 Dear Alice, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My connection with the farm in Missouri was as deep-rooted as the tree my parents planted years ago. In my early memories, I watched my parents work hard day and night. Their tireless efforts proved their love for our family and the land. One spring evening, as my father was guiding a tractor (拖拉机) across the field to sow the seeds (播种), the front light suddenly went out, making it hard for us to go on working. My father set off on a long journey to buy a new light. The cold wind blew, but it didn’t weaken his determination to finish the task. “Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today. When we meet difficulties, we should find ways to solve them,” he said. With my mother’s support, we replaced the light together and continued working. Then the tractor’s warm light and my father’s determination became guiding lights for me. Decades passed, and my parents grew old. They still lived in a house on the farm. Later, I started a family and took over the farm. I often told Peter, my son, who was a painter, about the importance of hard work and determination. One day, Peter visited me. He told me about the challenges of being a painter, like needing to find inspiration regularly. Recently, he hadn’t found any new ideas and was considering giving up. Silently, I led him to the place where the tractor stood. I pointed to the big tree next to the tractor, a reminder of the past. “That tree was very young when your grandparents planted it the day after we fixed the light,” I said. I shared the story with him proudly. Peter looked at the tractor and the tree, saying, “I can see you from decades ago, a little boy, learning determination and love on this land.” He smiled and said he would stick to his painting career. Only then did I realize I should personally thank my parents for their education, which also benefited my son. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, my parents walked out of the house. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Inspired by his grandparents’ stories, Peter began a new artistic journey. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $