第05讲 名词性从句复习：精讲名词性从句的构成及其应用（寒假复习讲义）高二英语人教版

第05讲 名词性从句复习：精讲名词性从句的构成及其应用 名词性从句思维导图 一、精讲类型、使用和常见考点： 知识点一　主语从句 主语从句：在句中充当主语 主语从句可位于句首，也可借助 “it” 作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) That he will come to our village tomorrow surprises us all. 他明天来我们村，让我们都很惊讶。 whether 不作任何成分(意为是否) Whether we can have clean drinking water depends on what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们是否有干净的水喝，取决于政府关于水污染采取什么有效措施。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 what/whatever，who/whoever 主语、宾语、表语 Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 凡是值得做的事，就值得做好。 Whoever is in a hurry shows that the thing he is about is too big for him. 不管是谁，匆匆忙忙只能说明他不足以胜任他所从事的工作。 when，where，how，why 状语 How he became rich overnight is still a puzzle. 他是如何一夜暴富仍然是一个谜。 Where we will go for the holiday is being discussed at the class meeting. 我们正在班会上讨论将去哪里度假。 which/whichever＋名词，whose 定语 Which group did the best job will be decided after the match. 哪一个小组做得最好，比赛后才能决定。 Whose speech is popular depends on the reflection from the audience. 谁的演讲最受欢迎，取决于听众的反应。 知识点二　宾语从句 宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后） 1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有 say, think, believe, know, wonder, decide 等。 例句 1：She told me that she would study abroad next year.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that 可省略） 例句 2：I wonder if/whether he will call me tonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表 “是否” 可用 if/whether，无区别） 例句 3：He doesn’t know what he should do next.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what 在从句中作宾语） 2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有 about, of, on, in 等，此时不可用 if，需用 whether；that 不可省略。 例句 1：We are talking about whether we should change our plan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不可用 if） 例句 2：I have no idea of what he is doing now.（我不知道他现在在做什么。） 例句 3：She is confident in that she can pass the exam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that 不可省略） 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort. 我可以说成功要靠三件事才能赢得：努力，努力，再努力。 if/whether 不作任何成分(意为“是否”) My question lies in whether we can get the money. 我的问题是我们是否能得到那笔资金。 what/whatever，who/whoever 主语、宾语、表语 Please do what I told you. 请你按照我说的去做。 Can I speak to whoever is in charge of the company? 我可以和公司负责人谈一下吗？ when，where，how，why 状语 The authority doesn't tell when the registration will start online. 官方并没有透露何时开始在线注册。 The management still have not decided on where we will hold the meeting. 管理层仍未决定我们在哪里举行会议。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 which/ whichever，whose 定语 I told him he could choose whichever seat he likes in our meeting room. 我告诉他，他可以在我们会议室选择任何一个他喜欢的座位。 I don't know whose exercise book it is, so I can't tell which student doesn't hand in his homework. 我不知道这是谁的作业本，所以不能断定哪个学生没有交作业。 知识点三　表语从句 表语从句：在句中充当表语 表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be, look, seem, become, turn 等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语从句基本一致，需注意两点：① 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；② 常用固定句型 “this is why…（这就是…… 的原因）”“the reason is that…（原因是……）”。 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imagination. 世界的悲剧就在于有想象力的人缺乏经验，而有经验的人缺乏想象力。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 whether 不作任何成分(意为“是否”) My question is whether they will support the plan. 我的问题是他们是否会支持这个计划。 what/whatever，which，who 主语、宾语、表语 Experience is what you get when you don't get what you want. 经验是当你没得到想得到之物时所得到的东西。 The question is who will offer to help. 问题是谁愿意主动提供帮助。 when，where，how，why 状语 This is why he didn't attend the class the other day. 这就是为什么他前几天没有来上课的原因。 The question is when he can arrive the hotel. 问题是他什么时候能到达宾馆。 which/whichever，whose 定语 What concerns parents most is which activity benefits the children most. 家长关注的是哪种活动对孩子们最有益。 The issue is whose design is popular with most students. 问题是谁的设计最受学生欢迎。 注意：because, as if/as though 也能引导表语从句。 知识点四　同位语从句 同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact, news, idea, plan, suggestion, truth, doubt 等） 引导词特点：① 常用 that 引导，that 无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略；② 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；③ 连接副词 when/where/why 可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如 news 后可用 when/where，doubt 后可用 whether）。 例句： The news that our team won the game made everyone excited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）（that 解释 news 的内容，不可省略） I have a doubt whether he will keep his promise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt 后用 whether，表 “不确定”） He put forward a suggestion that we should hold a charity sale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义卖。）（that 解释 suggestion 的内容） Do you remember the day when we visited the museum together?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那一天吗？）（when 引导同位语从句，解释 day 的具体时间） 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) The news that he won the Nobel Prize spread quickly. 他获得诺贝尔奖的消息迅速传开。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 whether 不作任何成分(意为“是否”) I have no idea whether he graduated from university. 我不知道他是否大学毕业了。 what 主语、宾语、表语 I have no idea what they did with themselves last Sunday. 我不知道上周日他们如何度过的。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 when/where/how/why 状语 I have no idea when they are asked to hand in their papers. 我不知道他们被要求什么时候交论文。 注意：同位语从句前面的名词往往是表示事实的抽象名词，说明这些名词的内容。 belief 信念 hope 希望 news 消息 advice 建议 idea 想法 order 命令 doubt 怀疑 fact 事实 possibility 可能性 wish 愿望 promise 诺言 thought 想法 名词性从句精练题 一、语法填空 1.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out－of－this－world scenes. 2．(2020·江苏高考)It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. 3． exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 4． does not kill you will make you stronger! Huawei withstood strict sanctions from the US government, and now is able to produce its own 5G phones. 5．It is well-known the Chinese invented the compass. 6． this trend suggests is that people’s shift to remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market. 7．How can you figure out whether to avoid or to face up to your feelings? Dr. Kross, an emotion researcher, suggested asking yourself, “Is I’m doing making me feel better about the problem in front of me?” 8．The teacher makes it a rule no one is allowed to use mobile phones in class. 9．AI learns from our habits to help us find we want and like. 10．I have seen vigorously they grow without me. 11．I don’t know he will come not. (用适当的词填空) 12．This will allow you to see genres (类型) work for your group. (用适当的词填空) 13．People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure it will happen .But do see it say that they will never forget it. (用适当的词填空) 14．An entrepreneur can determine other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 15．He remembers when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub. (用适当的词填空) 16．I will attend an important meeting, and this is I can’t go to the bookstore with you. 17．What we can say is that this is the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it’s not just one pattern. 18．What struck me deeply was English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. 19．The story also supports the idea the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination. 20．The teacher gave us a suggestion we should practice writing an English essay regularly to improve our skills. 21．There is a general belief sitting for a long time does damage to our health. 22．So many of us have the belief being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, . . . 23．There is little doubt China has presented to the world a successful and powerful country. 24．There is still some doubt the autumn sports meet will be held in our school. 二、完成句子 1．最有趣的是，中国人会吃饺子来庆祝各种节日。（what引导主语从句） that Chinese people will eat dumplings to celebrate various festivals. 2．这个过程很艰难，但在其中，我做到了我认为不可能做到的事情。(what引导宾语从句) The process was tough, but along the way, I have managed to do . 3．毫无疑问，这可能会严重影响我们的身心健康。（同位语从句） it is likely to seriously affect our physical and mental health. 4．对我来说，坚强的意志力是克服任何困难所需要的。（what引导表语从句） To me, strong willpower . 5．我坚信这些建议将有助于我们阅读活动的成功。(that引导表语从句) What I strongly believe ( ) of our reading activity. 6．更有趣和令人印象深刻的是，我们在滑雪时都用英语交流。(what引导主语从句) that we all communicated in English when skiing. 7．我从小就是个运动迷。这就是为什么当我的体育老师让我加入游泳队的时候，我决定试一试。（why引导表语从句） I’ve been a sports nut since childhood. when my PE teacher presented me with the idea of joining the swimming team I decided to give it a shot. 8．如果你在咖啡馆或餐馆等公共场所，确保你的包在你能看到的地方。（where引导表语从句） If you are in public places like a cafe or restaurant, make sure your bag . 9．我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。 I will have an important meeting to attend, and I can’t go to the bookstore with you. 10．很难想象自从她上了你的课之后取得了多么大的进步。(progress) It’s hard to imagine ever since she attended your class. 11．孩子想要什么，父母就给什么，这是不明智的。 It's unwise for parents to give children . (want) 12．我迫不及待地想要向你们描述高中生活的模样。 I describe to you senior high school life is like. 13．I’m going to have a piano lesson tonight. That’s I left so early. 我今晚要去上钢琴课。那就是我早早离开的原因。 14．Julie is no longer she used to be. Julie已经不是她以前的样子了。 15．My parents praised me. was I helped them do housework. 我父母称赞了我，原因是我帮助他们做家务了。 16．The question will get the job eventually is still not clear. 谁将最终得到这份工作的问题目前还不清楚。 17．We are delighted at the news we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hainan. 听到我们将在海南度假的消息，我们非常高兴。 18．It is unknown I can finish the difficult task on time. 我是否能按时完成这项困难的任务还不确定。 19． Nelson talked about it to reporters surprises me. Nelson对记者说了那件事让我感到很吃惊。 20．We can learn a lot about people are thinking by watching their body language. 我们可以通过观察人们的肢体语言来了解他们在想什么。 ( 第 1 页 共 6 页 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第05讲 名词性从句复习：精讲名词性从句的构成及其应用 名词性从句思维导图 一、精讲类型、使用和常见考点： 知识点一　主语从句 主语从句：在句中充当主语 主语从句可位于句首，也可借助 “it” 作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) That he will come to our village tomorrow surprises us all. 他明天来我们村，让我们都很惊讶。 whether 不作任何成分(意为是否) Whether we can have clean drinking water depends on what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们是否有干净的水喝，取决于政府关于水污染采取什么有效措施。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 what/whatever，who/whoever 主语、宾语、表语 Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 凡是值得做的事，就值得做好。 Whoever is in a hurry shows that the thing he is about is too big for him. 不管是谁，匆匆忙忙只能说明他不足以胜任他所从事的工作。 when，where，how，why 状语 How he became rich overnight is still a puzzle. 他是如何一夜暴富仍然是一个谜。 Where we will go for the holiday is being discussed at the class meeting. 我们正在班会上讨论将去哪里度假。 which/whichever＋名词，whose 定语 Which group did the best job will be decided after the match. 哪一个小组做得最好，比赛后才能决定。 Whose speech is popular depends on the reflection from the audience. 谁的演讲最受欢迎，取决于听众的反应。 知识点二　宾语从句 宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后） 1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有 say, think, believe, know, wonder, decide 等。 例句 1：She told me that she would study abroad next year.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that 可省略） 例句 2：I wonder if/whether he will call me tonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表 “是否” 可用 if/whether，无区别） 例句 3：He doesn’t know what he should do next.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what 在从句中作宾语） 2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有 about, of, on, in 等，此时不可用 if，需用 whether；that 不可省略。 例句 1：We are talking about whether we should change our plan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不可用 if） 例句 2：I have no idea of what he is doing now.（我不知道他现在在做什么。） 例句 3：She is confident in that she can pass the exam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that 不可省略） 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort. 我可以说成功要靠三件事才能赢得：努力，努力，再努力。 if/whether 不作任何成分(意为“是否”) My question lies in whether we can get the money. 我的问题是我们是否能得到那笔资金。 what/whatever，who/whoever 主语、宾语、表语 Please do what I told you. 请你按照我说的去做。 Can I speak to whoever is in charge of the company? 我可以和公司负责人谈一下吗？ when，where，how，why 状语 The authority doesn't tell when the registration will start online. 官方并没有透露何时开始在线注册。 The management still have not decided on where we will hold the meeting. 管理层仍未决定我们在哪里举行会议。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 which/ whichever，whose 定语 I told him he could choose whichever seat he likes in our meeting room. 我告诉他，他可以在我们会议室选择任何一个他喜欢的座位。 I don't know whose exercise book it is, so I can't tell which student doesn't hand in his homework. 我不知道这是谁的作业本，所以不能断定哪个学生没有交作业。 知识点三　表语从句 表语从句：在句中充当表语 表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be, look, seem, become, turn 等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语从句基本一致，需注意两点：① 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；② 常用固定句型 “this is why…（这就是…… 的原因）”“the reason is that…（原因是……）”。 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imagination. 世界的悲剧就在于有想象力的人缺乏经验，而有经验的人缺乏想象力。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 whether 不作任何成分(意为“是否”) My question is whether they will support the plan. 我的问题是他们是否会支持这个计划。 what/whatever，which，who 主语、宾语、表语 Experience is what you get when you don't get what you want. 经验是当你没得到想得到之物时所得到的东西。 The question is who will offer to help. 问题是谁愿意主动提供帮助。 when，where，how，why 状语 This is why he didn't attend the class the other day. 这就是为什么他前几天没有来上课的原因。 The question is when he can arrive the hotel. 问题是他什么时候能到达宾馆。 which/whichever，whose 定语 What concerns parents most is which activity benefits the children most. 家长关注的是哪种活动对孩子们最有益。 The issue is whose design is popular with most students. 问题是谁的设计最受学生欢迎。 注意：because, as if/as though 也能引导表语从句。 知识点四　同位语从句 同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact, news, idea, plan, suggestion, truth, doubt 等） 引导词特点：① 常用 that 引导，that 无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略；② 表 “是否” 时用 whether，不用 if；③ 连接副词 when/where/why 可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如 news 后可用 when/where，doubt 后可用 whether）。 例句： The news that our team won the game made everyone excited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）（that 解释 news 的内容，不可省略） I have a doubt whether he will keep his promise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt 后用 whether，表 “不确定”） He put forward a suggestion that we should hold a charity sale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义卖。）（that 解释 suggestion 的内容） Do you remember the day when we visited the museum together?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那一天吗？）（when 引导同位语从句，解释 day 的具体时间） 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 that 不作任何成分(也没有词汇意义) The news that he won the Nobel Prize spread quickly. 他获得诺贝尔奖的消息迅速传开。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 whether 不作任何成分(意为“是否”) I have no idea whether he graduated from university. 我不知道他是否大学毕业了。 what 主语、宾语、表语 I have no idea what they did with themselves last Sunday. 我不知道上周日他们如何度过的。 续表 引导词 在从句中所作成分 例句 when/where/how/why 状语 I have no idea when they are asked to hand in their papers. 我不知道他们被要求什么时候交论文。 注意：同位语从句前面的名词往往是表示事实的抽象名词，说明这些名词的内容。 belief 信念 hope 希望 news 消息 advice 建议 idea 想法 order 命令 doubt 怀疑 fact 事实 possibility 可能性 wish 愿望 promise 诺言 thought 想法 名词性从句精练题 一、语法填空 1.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out－of－this－world scenes. 【答案】What　 【解析】设空处引导主语从句，且引导词在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”。应用连接代词what，相当于the thing that。 2．(2020·江苏高考)It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. 【答案】whether　 【解析】句意：我们能否打赢这场战役不是问题；这只是时间的问题。此处为主语从句，it是形式主语，whether表示“能否”，引导的从句是真正的主语。 3． exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 【答案】When 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：土豆具体于何时传入欧洲尚不确定，但时间很可能是在1565年左右。此空引导主语从句，根据下文“but it was probably around 1565”可知，此处表示“土豆何时被引入欧洲”，用连接副词when引导主语从句，在从句中作时间状语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填When。 4． does not kill you will make you stronger! Huawei withstood strict sanctions from the US government, and now is able to produce its own 5G phones. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：那些杀不死你的，会让你更强大！华为顶住了美国政府的严厉制裁，如今已能自主生产5G手机。“________ does not kill you”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“…… 的事情”，用连接代词what引导此从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 5．It is well-known the Chinese invented the compass. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，中国人发明了指南针。此处It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，that在从句中不作任何语法成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 6． this trend suggests is that people’s shift to remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这一趋势表明，人们转向远程工作，导致老年人住房市场缓慢回升。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少宾语，结合句意可知，该宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 7．How can you figure out whether to avoid or to face up to your feelings? Dr. Kross, an emotion researcher, suggested asking yourself, “Is I’m doing making me feel better about the problem in front of me?” 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你怎么知道是回避还是面对自己的感受呢？情绪研究者克罗斯博士建议问自己：“我正在做的事情是否让我对眼前的问题感觉更好?”空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，因此用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填what。 8．The teacher makes it a rule no one is allowed to use mobile phones in class. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：老师规定在课堂上任何人都不允许使用手机。句中“it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的宾语从句“no one is allowed to use mobile phones in class”，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，所以用连词that引导。故填that。 9．AI learns from our habits to help us find we want and like. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句句意：人工智能通过学习我们的习惯，帮助我们找到我们想要且喜欢的东西。空格后we want and like是宾语从句，作find的宾语；从句中want and like缺少宾语，需用连接代词what指代“想要且喜欢的事物”，故填what。 10．I have seen vigorously they grow without me. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我看到它们在没有我的情况下生长得多么旺盛。此处引导宾语从句，从句主谓结构完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何”应用连接副词how引导。故填how。 11．I don’t know he will come not. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 whether or 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我不知道他是否会来。表示“是否……”为whether...or not。故填①whether；②or。 12．This will allow you to see genres (类型) work for your group. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这将使您能够了解哪些类型的作品适合您的团队。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少定语，表示“什么样的类型”，所以用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 13．People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure it will happen .But do see it say that they will never forget it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 whether/if whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句和主语从句。句意：人们跋涉数千公里去看极光，但他们永远无法确定极光是否会出现。但那些确实看到了极光的人说，他们永远不会忘记它。第一空处为宾语从句的引导词，从句不缺成分，但缺少“是否”之意，应用whether或if引导宾语从句。第二个空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，且表示“无论是谁”，所以用whoever引导该从句。故填①whether/if②whoever。 14．An entrepreneur can determine other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。空处引导宾语从句，从句中doing缺少宾语，指代事情，应用连接代词what。故填what。 15．He remembers when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他记得，当他想洗澡时，他得用柴火把水烧热，然后用桶把水运到浴缸里。此处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 16．I will attend an important meeting, and this is I can’t go to the bookstore with you. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我要参加一个重要会议，这就是我不能和你去书店的原因。此空引导表语从句，在从句中作状语，用连接副词，主句主语“this”指代上文“I will attend an important meeting(我要参加一个重要会议)”,是“I can’t go to the bookstore with you(我不能和你去书店)”的原因，此表语从句用连接副词why“（说明理由）为什么，……的原因”引导。故填why。 17．What we can say is that this is the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it’s not just one pattern. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们能说的是，这就是长时间看屏幕的孩子大脑的样子。而且这不仅仅是一种模式。“____ the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens”为表语从句，从句中缺少like的宾语，表示“……的样子”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 18．What struck me deeply was English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让我深感震惊的是，当英语再次围绕着我时，那种熟悉感是一种持续的反映，而我却没有意识到自己已经对这种熟悉感到厌倦了。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 19．The story also supports the idea the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这个故事也支持了球类运动有时被用于占卜目的的观点。空处引导同位语从句，对名词idea进行解释说明，从句不缺成分，句意完整，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 20．The teacher gave us a suggestion we should practice writing an English essay regularly to improve our skills. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：老师建议我们应该定期练习写英语作文来提高技能。根据空前名词suggestion以及空后完整的从句可知，此空引导同位语从句，是对suggestion的具体内容解释，应用引导词that，不作句子成分，无实际语义，仅起连接作用。故填that。 21．There is a general belief sitting for a long time does damage to our health. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：人们普遍认为久坐会损害我们的健康。空处引导同位语从句解释说明belief的具体内容，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 22．So many of us have the belief being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, . . . 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们中的许多人都相信舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，……空处连接同位语从句，对名词belief进行解释，从句中不缺少成分，不缺少意义，用that连接，故填that。 23．There is little doubt China has presented to the world a successful and powerful country. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，中国已向世界展示了一个成功且强大的国家形象。引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容，且从句不缺少成分和句意，应用连接词that。故填that。 24．There is still some doubt the autumn sports meet will be held in our school. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：秋季运动会是否会在我们学校举行仍然存在一些疑问。设空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明名词 doubt的具体内容。该从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语等主要成分，根据句意，表示“是否”用whether引导该同位语从句。故填whether。 二、完成句子 1．最有趣的是，中国人会吃饺子来庆祝各种节日。（what引导主语从句） that Chinese people will eat dumplings to celebrate various festivals. 【答案】What is the most interesting is 【详解】考查主语从句和主谓一致。题干要求使用what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语，从句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，be动词使用is，表语“最有趣的事情”应用the most interesting thing，从句作整个句子的主语，be动词用is。句首单词首字母大写。故填What is the most interesting is。 2．这个过程很艰难，但在其中，我做到了我认为不可能做到的事情。(what引导宾语从句) The process was tough, but along the way, I have managed to do . 【答案】what I thought was impossible 【详解】考查宾语从句。中英文对比可知缺少“我认为不可能做到的事情”，可以翻译为宾语从句，从句使用主系表结构，缺少主语，指物，故用what，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，be动词用was；表示“我认为”用I think，结合时态用I thought作插入语；表示“不可能”用形容词impossible，作表语。故填what I thought was impossible。 3．毫无疑问，这可能会严重影响我们的身心健康。（同位语从句） it is likely to seriously affect our physical and mental health. 【答案】There is no doubt that 【详解】考查同位语从句。表示“毫无疑问”句型为There is no doubt that…，that引导同位语从句。故填There is no doubt that。 4．对我来说，坚强的意志力是克服任何困难所需要的。（what引导表语从句） To me, strong willpower . 【答案】is what is needed to overcome any difficulty 【详解】考查表语从句。主句为主系表结构，主语为willpower，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，因此be动词用is，“完成任何困难所需要的”处理为表语从句，从句中用what作引导词，且充当主语，表示“需要”用need，和主语what(指代意志力)之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态is needed，“克服任何困难”用overcome any difficulty，用其不定式形式，作目的状语。故填is what is needed to overcome any difficulty。 5．我坚信这些建议将有助于我们阅读活动的成功。(that引导表语从句) What I strongly believe ( ) of our reading activity. 【答案】is that these suggestions will contribute to the success 【详解】考查that引导表语从句和时态。What I strongly believe是主语从句，意为“我坚信的事情” ，句子缺少谓语和表语从句部分。“是”用is，“这些建议”表达为these suggestions ，“有助于”表达为contribute to，“……的成功”表达为the success of... ，根据句意，表语从句用一般将来时。故填is that these suggestions will contribute to the success 。 6．更有趣和令人印象深刻的是，我们在滑雪时都用英语交流。(what引导主语从句) that we all communicated in English when skiing. 【答案】What was more interesting and impressive was 【详解】考查what引导的主语从句和主系表结构。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“更有趣和令人印象深刻的事情” 应用what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；后文“communicated”提示陈述过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，从句的系动词用was，表语为形容词短语more interesting and impressive；整个主语从句作主句的主语，主句系动词也用was，与表语从句中communicated的一般过去时保持时态一致。故填What was more interesting and impressive was。 7．我从小就是个运动迷。这就是为什么当我的体育老师让我加入游泳队的时候，我决定试一试。（why引导表语从句） I’ve been a sports nut since childhood. when my PE teacher presented me with the idea of joining the swimming team I decided to give it a shot. 【答案】That is why 【详解】考查表语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“这就是为什么”，翻译为that is why，是why引导的表语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故答案为That is why。 8．如果你在咖啡馆或餐馆等公共场所，确保你的包在你能看到的地方。（where引导表语从句） If you are in public places like a cafe or restaurant, make sure your bag . 【答案】is where you can see it 【详解】考查表语从句。根据句意，此处需表达“在你能看到的地方”，根据“make”可知，此处使用一般现在时，“make sure”后接省略that的宾语从句，从句中“your bag”作主语，为第三人称单数，谓语使系动词is，结合句意，表示“在……地方”应使用where引导表语从句表示地点，“你能看到的”译为“you can see”。故填is where you can see it。 9．我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。 I will have an important meeting to attend, and I can’t go to the bookstore with you. 【答案】 this is why 【详解】考查表语从句。根据句意可知，空处需填“这就是……的原因”，陈述客观情况用一般现在时，“这就是”用this is表示，空后从句缺原因状语，用why作状语，引导表语从句。故填①this②is③why。 10．很难想象自从她上了你的课之后取得了多么大的进步。(progress) It’s hard to imagine ever since she attended your class. 【答案】what great/huge progress she has made 【详解】考查宾语从句及时态。此处引导宾语从句，从句表示“多么大的进步”可用what great/huge progress；主语为she；表示“取得进步”短语为make progress，根据ever since可知，应用现在完成时。故填what great/huge progress she has made。 11．孩子想要什么，父母就给什么，这是不明智的。 It's unwise for parents to give children . (want) 【答案】whatever they want 【详解】考查宾语从句。此处表示“孩子想要什么”，即“孩子们想要的任何东西”，应用whatever引导宾语从句，意为“无论什么” ，使用代词they指代children，“想要”使用动词want，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故填whatever they want。 12．我迫不及待地想要向你们描述高中生活的模样。 I describe to you senior high school life is like. 【答案】 can’t wait to what 【详解】考查固定句型和宾语从句。表达“迫不及待做某事”用can’t wait to do，结合下文is可知，句子为一般现在时，can用原形；第二空引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填can’t wait to；what。 13．I’m going to have a piano lesson tonight. That’s I left so early. 我今晚要去上钢琴课。那就是我早早离开的原因。 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。“____ I left so early”为表语从句，表示“为什么，……的原因”，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。 14．Julie is no longer she used to be. Julie已经不是她以前的样子了。 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。本空引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，表示“……的样子”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 15．My parents praised me. was I helped them do housework. 我父母称赞了我，原因是我帮助他们做家务了。 【答案】 The reason that 【详解】考查名词、表语从句。表示“原因”用reason，此处为特指，用定冠词the修饰，句首单词，首字母大写，The reason作主语。第三空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填①The；②reason；③that。 16．The question will get the job eventually is still not clear. 谁将最终得到这份工作的问题目前还不清楚。 【答案】who 【详解】考查同位语从句。“____will get the job eventually”为同位语从句，解释说明名词question，从句缺少主语，表示“谁”，应用连接代词who引导。故填who。 17．We are delighted at the news we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hainan. 听到我们将在海南度假的消息，我们非常高兴。 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句引导词。空后“we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hainan”是对名词“the news”的具体内容进行解释说明，从句结构完整、意义明确，无需添加任何成分，需用引导词that引导该同位语从句。故填that。 18．It is unknown I can finish the difficult task on time. 我是否能按时完成这项困难的任务还不确定。 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。It为形式主语，本空引导主语从句，表示“是否”，应用whether引导。故填whether。 19． Nelson talked about it to reporters surprises me. Nelson对记者说了那件事让我感到很吃惊。 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句。根据句意以及句子结构可知，题干中“Nelson talked about it to reporters” 是完整的陈述句（主谓宾结构，语义完整），整个从句作句子的主语（即“主语从句”），后文“surprises me”是谓语和宾语部分。当主语从句语义完整、不缺任何句子成分时，引导词用 that，且不能省略。句首单词首字母大写，故填That。 20．We can learn a lot about people are thinking by watching their body language. 我们可以通过观察人们的肢体语言来了解他们在想什么。 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。“____ people are thinking”为宾语从句，作介词about的宾语，从句缺少are thinking的宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 ( 第 8 页 共 10 页 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $