第07讲 八年级下册Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature课内解析篇（寒假预习讲义）八年级英语新教材人教版

第07讲 八年级下册Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature课内解析篇（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 课文解析1 За.Read the conversation and underline the three rivers mentioned. Yaming: Welcome back, Ella! How was your trip? Ella: It was great! We saw the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River. Is that the longest river in China? Yaming: No, the Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It travels the farthest and is about 6,300 kilometers long. The Yellow River is 5,464 kilometres long and is the second longest. By the way, do you know why it's called the Yellow River? Ella: Because it's yellow? Yaming: Right. Some parts of the river carry brown and yellow earth. Ella: That's interesting! I like learning about rivers. My favourite is the Nile. Did you know it's the longest river in Africa? Yaming: Yes, it's 6,671 kilometres long. It's very important in Egypt's history. Ella: That's right. Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop. And they're still very important today. Yaming: Yes. In China, we even call the Yellow River our "mother river"! Ella: We should protect them by all means. 雅明：艾拉，欢迎回来！这次旅行怎么样？ 艾拉：太棒了！我们参观了黄河上的后口瀑布。黄河是中国最长的河流吗？ 雅明：不，长江才是中国最长的河流。它流经最远的地区，全长约6300公里。黄河全长5464公里，是第二长的河流。对了，你知道黄河为什么叫黄河吗？ 艾拉：因为河水是黄色的吗？ 雅明：没错。黄河的部分河段携带着褐色和黄色的泥土。 艾拉：这很有趣！我特别喜欢了解河流，其中我最喜欢的当属尼罗河。你知道吗？它可是非洲最长的河流，全长6671公里，在埃及历史上扮演着举足轻重的角色。 埃拉：没错。尼罗河和黄河都曾助力古代文明的发展，至今仍发挥着重要作用。 亚明：是的。在中国，我们甚至把黄河称为“母亲河”！ 艾拉：我们应该尽一切努力保护它们。 1.辨析 bring, take, fetch/get, carry bring 指从别处把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地点，动作由远及近。 take 指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带走，动作由近及远。 fetch/get 指从说话者所在地到某处，然后从某处把某物带回到说话者所在地，动作是先去后回。 carry 不特别表示带到什么地方，而携带或搬运的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。 Don’t forget to bring me that book next time you come.下次你来的时候，别忘了把那本书给我带来。 When he leaves, he will take the book with him.他走的时候会把书带走的。 You have to fetch/get the book.你得去把那本书取回来。 The box is too heavy for me to carry.那箱子太重了，我搬不动。 —I’m sorry, Mr. Hu. I ______ my English exercise book at home. —It doesn’t matter. Please remember ______ it here this afternoon. A. forgot; to bring B. left; to take C. forgot; to take D. left; to bring 2.mean的用法 用法分析 mean v.意思是“打算，意欲”，是及物动词，表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思。 成功意味着非常努力地工作。Success means working very hard. 我不知道你是什么意思。I don’t know what you mean. 考点拓展（1）meaning是mean的名词形式，做可数或不可数名词。 It doesn’t seem to have much meaning.这似乎无多大意义。 The word has many meanings.这个单词有多种含义。 （2）means做名词，意思是“方法；手段；工具”，单复数同形。 There are no means of getting there.没有办法到那儿去。 注意What does...mean？=What’s the meaning of…？意为……是什么意思？”。 I don’t have much money, but I’d like to buy my dad something really special, if you know what I ______. A. want B. care C. mean D. prefer 3.develop的用法 用法分析 develop做动词，意为“发展；使开发；培育”。develop 的名词形式为development，意为“发展；开发”，为不可数名词。 志愿活动既是一个帮助他人的机会，也是一个发展自我的好方式。Volunteering is both a chance to help others and a good way to develop ourselves. 考点拓展 developed adj.发达的；developing adj.发展中的。 » Plants develop from seeds. 植物从种子生长而来。 » China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。 » America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。 Now more and more schools care for the full ______ of the students’ talents. A. development B. agreement C. preparation 随堂训练 一.单项选择 1.We need more 　　　 to understand how AI can help us in language learning.   A.review　     B.research　　 C.opinions　　 D.articles 2.A lot of rich land (土地) changed into 　　　 because people cut down many trees.  A.desert 　　 B.sea　　 C.ocean　　 D.parks 3.—Why do many young people return to build their home-town now? —Because 　　　 creates more jobs and a better life.  A.natural environment　　 B.local development C.cultural tradition　     D.personal improvement 二.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺单词 1.The children did a lot of _____________ in the lab to finish the science project. 2.When Li Bai enjoyed the ______________, he said, “Its torrent dashes down three thousand feet from high; As if the Silver River fell from the blue sky.” 3.The pool was so deep that I could not touch the ________ of it. 4.It is not easy to find water or green plants in a ___________. 三.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.With a __________(deep) of 64 metres, Lake Erie is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. 2.Jim has gone to bed? This is very _____________ (usual). He always stays up late. 3.Do you know the ___________ (long) of the Huangpu River? 4.Zebrafish are taken to Shenzhou-18 because they have advantages like small size and a short _________________ (develop) cycle. 课文解析2 Reaching New Heights 　　To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to-30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the«Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 　　On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou,Qu Yinhua, and Gong Bu arrived at the Second Step.It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit,the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4: 20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. 　 In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007,almost all climbers from the northern side used this"Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster.In 2020， a third team returned to Qomolangma to measure its height-8,848.86 metres. 　　Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully,but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or,as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply "because it's there"! 攀登新高度 对大多数人而言，珠穆朗玛峰堪称世界最伟大的奇迹之一。站在地球之巅，你会感觉自己仿佛能触摸到天空。但只有最优秀的登山者才能登顶，而前提是他们必须先在极端恶劣的环境中存活下来。在山上，气温可降至零下30度。登山者还需应对稀薄空气、高耸悬崖和变幻莫测的天气。1960年之前，从未有人能从北坡登顶珠峰。登山者甚至将这条路线称为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心挑战这一壮举。 1960年5月24日，登山者刘连曼、王福洲、曲银华和龚步成功登顶海拔8600米的第二台阶。当时人们都说这里高得连鸟儿都够不着。刘连曼让队友们踩着他的肩膀，众人一步步向上攀爬，最终成功翻越第二台阶。5月25日凌晨4点20分，中国国旗首次在世界最高峰上空飘扬。 1975年，一支中国登山队成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰开展科研。他们将登山梯具带至二阶梯，直到2007年，北坡登山者几乎都借助这架‘中国梯’快速登顶。2020年，第三支登山队重返珠峰，最终测得峰顶海拔8,848.86米。 攀登珠穆朗玛峰风险重重。虽有成功登顶者，却也屡屡折戟沉沙。为何人们仍甘冒生命危险挑战世界之巅？这源于人类永不停息的好奇与雄心。正如英国探险家乔治·马洛里所言：‘只因它就在那里！’ 1.so...that…的用法 用法分析 so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”.so后面常跟形容词或副词的原级，that引导的是结果状语从句。 这道题太难了，我解不出来。The problem is so difficult that I can't work it out. 电视剧《西游记》是如此有趣，以至于我想再看一遍。The TV play Journey to the West is so interesting that I would like to watch it again. 考点拓展 such...that也表示“如此…以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，结构：such+a/an+形容词十单数可数名词+that从句；such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that从句。 It is such an important meeting that we can't miss it.这个会议如此重要，我们不能不去。 注意 so that“以便，为的是”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that。 Please speak slowly so that we can follow you better.请慢慢说，以便我们能更好地跟上你。 She was ______ excited at the news that she couldn't say a word. A. so B. very C. such 2.arrive in的用法 用法分析 arrive in意为“到达”，后接地点名词。 到达 get to 到达某地，直接接地点 arrive at/in arrive at+小地点 arrive in+大地点 reach 直接接地点宾语 注意 get to /arrive in /at 后若接副词here/there，home等，to/at/in省略。 They arrived in/got to/reached Beijing yesterday.昨天他们到达了北京。 Mr. Smith will arrive at our school next week. The underlined part “arrive at” means ______ . A. get B. go C. come D. reach 3.feel like的用法 用法分析 feel like意为“给……的感觉；感觉像（是）……；摸起来好像”，可以接从句。 他们让我觉得就是这个家中的一员。They made me feel like one of the family. 这布料摸起来像丝绸。The cloth feels like silk. 考点拓展 feel like还意为“想要（做某事）”，其后接名词或动名词，不能接不定式。 I don't feel like cooking. Let's eat out.我不想做饭。我们出去吃吧。 We feel like ______ some food and drink because we'll invite some friends______ in a party. A. buying；to join B. to buy；joining C. buying；join 4.stop的用法 用法分析 stop动词“停止，中断”。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。 考点辨析 stop doing sth.，stop to do sth stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事，动名词做宾语。 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。 当我妈妈进来的时候，我就不看电视了。When my mom comes in, I stop watching TV. 我们应该停下来休息一会儿。We should stop to have a rest. 考点拓展 stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。 The heavy rain stopped us from going out.大雨阻止了我们外出。 Please stop ______ and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes. A. to study；wearing B. studying；to wear C. to study；to wear D. studying；wearing 5.successful的用法 用法分析 successful是形容词，意为“成功的；有成就的”，做表语或定语。 她是一位非常成功的母亲。She is a very successful mother. 巧学助记success n.成功十后缀-ful→successful adj.成功的+后缀-ly→successfully adv成功地（用于修饰动词）。success n.成功（去ss）+ed→succeed v成功。 Her first success encouraged her to work even harder.她的首次成功鼓舞她更加努力工作。 He finished the work successfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。 He succeeded in passing the exam他成功地通过了考试。 固定搭配 succeed in （doing）sth.=be successful in（doing）sth.=have success in（doing）sth.表示“成功地做某事”。 He succeeded in solving the problem. =He was successful in solving the problem. =He had success in solving the problem.他成功地解决了这个问题。 用所给词的适当形式填空 With great courage and effort, Liu Chuanjian, a national hero, （success）landed the plane, saving over 100 people. 6.wonder 用法分析 wonder v.想知道；琢磨。→wonder + wonderful adj.精彩的→wonderfully adv.精彩地。 考点拓展 （1）wonder后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时，表委婉地请求或疑问。wonder后接that引导的宾语从句时，表示“感到惊讶”。 我不知道你是否能帮我一下。I wonder if you would mind giving me a hand. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。I wonder that she has won the race. （2）wonder做可数名词，表示“奇迹；奇观”。 -Excuse me. I wonder ______ the plane can land on time. -Wait a minute, please. Let me check it out. A. if B. which C. that 7.northern 北方的 【详解】northern [形容词] 北部的；向北的 直接加在地名或区域名称前，表示“......的北部”，其反义词为southern,意为“南部的；向南的”。 »The northern part of China is cold in winter.　中国的北部冬天很冷。 »In southern villages, people grow a lot of rice.　在南方的村庄,人们种很多水稻。 【拓展】north [名词] 北部；北方 其反义词为south,意为“南部；南方”。 »Birds fly to the north in spring. 鸟儿在春天飞到北方。 » My grandparents live in the south of the city.　我的祖父母住在城市的南部。 8. one of the greatest wonders of the world.世界上最壮美的奇观之一 【详解】one of the greatest wonders 最壮美的奇观之一 　这是“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最···的···之一”。此结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 »Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.　上海是中国最大的城市之一。 »One of the most popular subjects in school is science.　学校里最受欢迎的科目之一是科学。 9. conditions 状态；境况 【详解】condition [名词] 状态；境况 常用搭配：in bad/good/excellent condition处于糟糕的/良好的/极佳的状态 out of condition 健康状况不佳 My grandpa is 76 years old, and he is still in excellentcondition.我爷爷76岁了，他的健康状况依然很好。 He is out of condition. 他健康状况不佳。 【拓展】 condition [名词]环境；条件；境况（常用复数形式） They're trying to improve their living conditions.他们正努力改善自己的生活条件。 10.risk n.危险；风险 v使··冒风险 【详解】risk [动词]使··冒风险（或面临危险） 常用搭配：risk doing sth冒着......的风险 He helped a disabled woman, risking losing his own life.他帮助了一位残疾妇女，冒着失去自己生命的风险。 He risked his life to save the child. 他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。 【拓展】 ①risk [名词] 危险；风险 常用搭配：take a risk/risks冒险 the risk of . .. ......的风险 Unhealthy eating can increase the risk of heart disease.　　不健康的饮食会增加患心脏病的风险。 Don't take a risk by swimming in the wild river.　别冒险去野河里游泳。 ②risky [形容词] 有危险（或风险）的 Skiing without a coach is very risky.　没有教练指导就滑雪很危险。 11.simply adv仅仅；只；简单地 【详解】simply[副词]仅仅；只；简单地 Youth is simply an attitude of mind. 青春仅仅是心态问题。 【拓展】 simple[形容词]简单的，简易的；完全的，不折不扣的 Setting the table before dinner is a simple task in my family.　晚饭前摆餐具是我家的简单任务。 Nobody wanted to believe the simple truth.　谁也不愿意相信这明显的事实。 随堂训练 一.单项选择 1.—Thanks to the effort of our government, our living 　　　 are better and better.  —Yes. We are so lucky to live in a peaceful and happy country. A.solutions　　 B.education C.conditions 　　 D.relation 2.Memorizing grammar rules isn’t 　　　 copying them word by word. You need to use them in sentences.   A.mainly     B.simply　 C.exactly　 D.clearly 3.Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to 　　　 .  A.stay　 B.serve     C.survive　 D.search 二.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺单词 1.In some countries children must travel long ______________ to school each day. 2.It is the highest railway in the world climbing more than 5,000 meters __________ sea level. 3.It’s important to stand up straight and put your ______________ back. 4.Tomorrow’s temperature is between ten and fifteen __________. 5.This job is dangerous, but someone has to _________ his life to finish it. 三.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Finally, those _____________ (climb) succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain. 2.The weather here is _______________(change), with sudden storms. 3.Many giant pandas live in the mountains of _____________ (north) Sichuan Province. 4.The pink, purple or white flowers are a signal that the plants are nearing __________(die). 5.He finds it important to learn how to communicate with his ______________ (team). 6.Shenzhou-18 was _________________ (success) launched (发射) into space on April 25th, 2024. 7.Children show ______________ (curious) about everything. 8.There were many famous ______________(explore) in the world in history. 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I wonder where the _______ (deep) point in the Amazon River is. 2. The villagers’ hard work helps make the lake much _______ (clear). 3. We should remember “Actions speak _______ (loud) than words” in our daily work. 4. The Nile River runs _______ (far) in the world and is about 6,671 kilometres long. 5. Although the mountain isn’t as _______ (high) as Mount Qomolangma, it still attr acts many climbers. 二、根据汉语提示补全句子 6. 黄果树瀑布是世界上最著名的瀑布之一。 Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of _______ _______ _________ _________ in the world. 7. 根据一份报告，到2026年，人工智能将取代全球8500万多个工作岗位。 According to a report, AI will take the place of over ____________ _________ jobs worldwide by 2026. 8. 人们可以躺在死海的表面上，因为那里的含盐量更高。 People can lie on the surface of the Dead Sea because it is _______ _______ _______. 9. 为了让我们的祖国发展得越来越好，我们有责任付出巨大努力。 In order to make our country develop _______ _______ _______, it’s our duty to make great efforts. 10. 你知道芜湖占地面积约6009平方千米吗？(数字用英文表示) Do you know Wuhu is about ___________________________________ in size? 三、阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 big you hot large quick cold live cover rain million Can you imagine a sea of sand three times 11. _______ than India? This is the Sahara Desert, the 12. _______ desert in the world. It 13. _______ 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 14. _______ square kilometers. That’s more than 25% of Africa. In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much 15. _______ during the day. The hottest time is between 2 p. m. and 4 p. m., when the temperature rises to 38℃ . But it is very cold at night—the coldest time is at 4 a. m. , when temperatures fall to -4℃ . The Sahara is also very dry. It seldom 16. _______. Because of the temperatures in the desert, it is a very difficult place 17. _______. During the day, cover 18. _______ body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold more 19. _______. When the temperature drops, it can be a shock and make you feel even 20. _______. 一．单项选择 1．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）She’s not strong enough _________ the big box. A．to carry B．carrying C．carry D．carried 2．（25-26八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）As students, we should _________ good learning habits. A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．develops 3．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）He reads ______ few books that he can’t tell stories to ______ little children. A．so; such B．such; such C．so; so D．such; so 4．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·期中）He is ________ an outgoing boy that he has ________ many friends. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such D．so; such 5．（25-26八年级上·宁夏银川·期中）—I made a lot of food, so feel free ________ what you like. —I’d love to, but I don’t feel like ________ now. A．eat; eating B．to eat; eat C．eating; to eat D．to eat; eating 6．（25-26八年级上·四川攀枝花·月考）—What do you plan to do this weekend? —I don’t ________ having a trip. I ________ to stay at home. A．feel like; would like B．want; would like C．feel like; feel like D．want; feel like 7．（25-26八年级上·山东淄博·期中）—I’m very tired. —Why not stop ________ a rest. A．have B．having C．to have D．to having 8．（25-26八年级上·天津河西·月考）It’s so hot today and I’m so tired. Why not ________? A．stop to have a rest B．to stop to have a rest C．stop having a rest D．to stop having a rest 9．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）Safety rules can help us __________ risks when cycling. A．take B．make C．avoid D．find 二、单词拼写 10．（25-26七年级上·甘肃天水·期中）What’s the (mean) of the word “snap”? 11．（25-26七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期中）The word “handsome” (mean) “good-looking”. 12．（25-26八年级上·广东江门·月考）The (develop) of digital technology has changed our lives. 13．（25-26九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Taizhou Team (successful) won the championship of the 2025 Jiangsu Football City League. 14．（25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）After practicing day and night, Mary gave a (success) piano show at her school. 15．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）The film Ne Zha 2 is (wonder) and worth watching a second time. 16．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）I (wonder) what the weather will be like. Maybe I’ll ride my bike if it’s sunny. 17．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）The house over there was reported as being in excellent . (condition) 知识导图记忆 重点单词 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Verb 动词 1. 生存；存活；艰难度过survive  2. 吸引；招引；引起（反应）attract  3. 包含；包括include  Noun名词 1. 数量；测量measurement  2. 高度；水平；程度level  3. 表面；表层 surface  4. 深（度）；纵深depth  5. 大船；轮船vessel  6. 底部；最下部bottom  7. 瀑布waterfall  8. 文明 civilization  9. 方式；途径means  10. 发展；壮大development  11. 沙漠；荒原desert 12. 英里 mile 13. 池塘；水坑 pool  14. 攀登者；登山者climber  15. 距离；遥远distance  16. 状态；境况condition  17. 度；度数；程度degree  18. 悬崖；峭壁cliff  19. 死亡；毁灭；破灭death  20. 同队队员；队友teammate  21. 肩膀；肩部shoulder  22. 梯子；阶梯；途径ladder  23. 好奇心；求知欲curiosity  24. 追求的目标；野心；雄心ambition  25. 探险者；勘探者explorer  26. 类型；种类type  27. 旅行者；游客traveller  28. 海岸；海滨coast  29. 珊瑚；珊瑚虫coral  30. 礁；礁脉reef  31. 沙子sand  32. 结构（体）；构造；体系structure  33. （鱼、鲸、海豚等的）群school  34. 海龟；龟turtle  35. 一生；终身lifetime  Adjective形容词 1. 特别的；不寻常的unusual  2. 立方的cubic  3. 北部的；向北的northern  4. 可能变化的; 易变的；常变的changeable  5. 有决心的；坚决的determined  6. 有危险（或风险）的risky  7. 南部的；向南的southern  8. 位于；坐落在located  9. 淡水的；淡水中生长的freshwater  10. 好奇的；求知欲强的curious  11. 自然的；天然的；天生的natural  12. 东北的；东北方向的northeastern  13. 活着；在世；有活力alive  Adverb 副词 1. 成功地；顺利地successfully  2. 仅仅；只；简单地simply  多重词性词 1. n. 奇观；惊叹v. 琢磨；想知道；感到诧异 wonder 2. prep. 在（或到）……下面；少于；低于adv. 在（或到）下面below  3. v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲dive  4. v. & n. 研究；调查research  5. prep. 在（或向）……上面；超过adv. 在（或向）上面；在（或向）高处；超过above 6. v. 测量；量度为n. 措施; 度量单位measure  7. v. 使……冒风险（或面临危险）n. 危险；风险risk 8. adj. 水下的；用于水下的adv. 在水下underwater  9. v. 使用呼吸管潜泳 n.（浮潜用的）呼吸管snorkel  重点短语 1. 平方千米square kilometre  2. 海平面sea level  3. 潜入深海dive into the deep sea  23. 顺便提一下by the way  5. 到达顶点 reach the top 6. 一点一点地；逐渐地bit by bit 7. 冒着某人的生命危险 risk sb’s life  8. 正如某人所说的那样as sb put it  9. 自然奇观 natural wonders 重点句子 1. 地球上最低的地方是哪里？What’s the lowest place on earth? 2. 尼罗河和黄河都促进了古代文明的发展。Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop. 3. 我们应该尽一切办法保护它们。We should protect them by all means. 4. 长江是中国最长的河流，全长约6300公里。The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 5. 参观世界上最大的瀑布之一是一次神奇的经历。Visiting one of the world’s largest waterfalls was a magical experience. 6. 在那里，我们感觉到水从我们身边流过，成为瀑布的一部分。There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. 7. 对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 8. 在地球上最高的地方，你会觉得你能够触摸到天空。On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. 9. 人们说它太高了，甚至连鸟都够不到。People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. 一．完形填空 （24-25八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）What exactly is a forest, and what is it for? Answers such as nature’s green treasure, the home of wildlife might come to our minds, while in the Grimms’ stories, a forest is often 1 as the home of evil witches (邪恶的女巫) , talking animals and other magical beings. Once upon a time, a demon (恶魔) living 2 happened to meet a young soldier, who showed great 3 in the war, but when the war was over, he had nowhere to go and didn’t know how to make a living. The demon knew what the soldier needed. 4 , the demon wanted to test his courage. Here was the 5 the demon made with him. The solider could live a wealthy life, but he would have to live 6 Bearskin without bathing and cutting nails or hair for seven years. And if he died during the time, the demon would take the soldier’s soul. During seven years’ period, people were 7 to Bearskin for his generosity-wherever he went, he helped the poor and people in trouble. At the end of the story, the demon 8 the promise and Bearskin found his true love. When I was young, the lesson I took from the story is that small acts of kindness go a long, long, long way. 9 you are kind, evil spirits will stay away from you. Yet, as I grew up, my perspective (视角) on this book 10 . What came to my mind is the meaning of forest. In the Grimms’ story, magical power comes from forest. Forests which 11 the unknown, mysteries, danger. . . are used 12 in many classic novels like Alice in Wonderland, the Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Secret Garden. … So why not enjoy a 13 time with nice reads and the smell of nature in forests? A good 14 encourages reading and helps spread its values to all ages. At its best, reading happens 15 you slow down and feel the twin gifts from nature and knowledge. 1．A．described B．created C．explained D．used 2．A．on the sand B．in a mountain C．in a forest D．near the sea 3．A．courage B．fear C．excitement D．anger 4．A．Moreover B．Anyway C．Suddenly D．However 5．A．business B．trade C．effort D．advice 6．A．by B．with C．as D．for 7．A．helpful B．thankful C．meaningful D．careful 8．A．kept B．showed C．broke D．made 9．A．Until B．If C．Unless D．Though 10．A．improved B．continued C．changed D．remained 11．A．stand for B．prepare for C．ask for D．look for 12．A．rapidly B．wildly C．quickly D．widely 13．A．surprising B．fantastic C．calm D．proud 14．A．story B．spirit C．act D．read 15．A．although B．unless C．once D．because 二．语法填空 （2025八年级下·全国·专题练习）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Autumn is a beautiful season that brings many changes to nature. The weather becomes cool and 1 (comfort), and the leaves on the trees turn different colors, such as red, yellow and orange. It’s a perfect time for outdoor 2 (activity) like hiking, camping and picking fruits. In many parts of China, autumn is also a harvest season. Farmers are busy 3 (harvest) crops in the fields. Rice, corn and fruits are all ready 4 (pick). The happy smiles on farmers’ faces show their joy of harvest.      Autumn is also a great season for traveling. Many people choose to visit places with beautiful autumn scenery. For example, Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei Province is famous for its red maple leaves (枫叶) in autumn. Every year, thousands of tourists come here to enjoy the 5 (amaze) views. In addition to its beauty, autumn also has a special cultural meaning in China. The Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important traditional Chinese festivals, falls 6 autumn. On this day, families get together to eat mooncakes and admire the full moon, 7 (express) their wishes for happiness and reunion (团圆). As the season changes, we should also adjust our lifestyle. We should wear warm clothes to keep 83 (health) and eat more seasonal fruits and vegetables. Autumn is a time of 9 (change) and growth. It reminds us to cherish (珍惜) the present moment and prepare for the coming winter.      Whether you like to stay outdoors and enjoy the beauty of nature 10 stay indoors and read a good book, autumn has something special to offer. It’s a season that everyone can enjoy. $第07讲 八年级下册Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature课内解析篇（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 课文解析1 За.Read the conversation and underline the three rivers mentioned. Yaming: Welcome back, Ella! How was your trip? Ella: It was great! We saw the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River. Is that the longest river in China? Yaming: No, the Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It travels the farthest and is about 6,300 kilometers long. The Yellow River is 5,464 kilometres long and is the second longest. By the way, do you know why it's called the Yellow River? Ella: Because it's yellow? Yaming: Right. Some parts of the river carry brown and yellow earth. Ella: That's interesting! I like learning about rivers. My favourite is the Nile. Did you know it's the longest river in Africa? Yaming: Yes, it's 6,671 kilometres long. It's very important in Egypt's history. Ella: That's right. Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop. And they're still very important today. Yaming: Yes. In China, we even call the Yellow River our "mother river"! Ella: We should protect them by all means. 雅明：艾拉，欢迎回来！这次旅行怎么样？ 艾拉：太棒了！我们参观了黄河上的后口瀑布。黄河是中国最长的河流吗？ 雅明：不，长江才是中国最长的河流。它流经最远的地区，全长约6300公里。黄河全长5464公里，是第二长的河流。对了，你知道黄河为什么叫黄河吗？ 艾拉：因为河水是黄色的吗？ 雅明：没错。黄河的部分河段携带着褐色和黄色的泥土。 艾拉：这很有趣！我特别喜欢了解河流，其中我最喜欢的当属尼罗河。你知道吗？它可是非洲最长的河流，全长6671公里，在埃及历史上扮演着举足轻重的角色。 埃拉：没错。尼罗河和黄河都曾助力古代文明的发展，至今仍发挥着重要作用。 亚明：是的。在中国，我们甚至把黄河称为“母亲河”！ 艾拉：我们应该尽一切努力保护它们。 1.辨析 bring, take, fetch/get, carry bring 指从别处把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地点，动作由远及近。 take 指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带走，动作由近及远。 fetch/get 指从说话者所在地到某处，然后从某处把某物带回到说话者所在地，动作是先去后回。 carry 不特别表示带到什么地方，而携带或搬运的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。 Don’t forget to bring me that book next time you come.下次你来的时候，别忘了把那本书给我带来。 When he leaves, he will take the book with him.他走的时候会把书带走的。 You have to fetch/get the book.你得去把那本书取回来。 The box is too heavy for me to carry.那箱子太重了，我搬不动。 —I’m sorry, Mr. Hu. I ___D___ my English exercise book at home. —It doesn’t matter. Please remember ______ it here this afternoon. A. forgot; to bring B. left; to take C. forgot; to take D. left; to bring 2.mean的用法 用法分析 mean v.意思是“打算，意欲”，是及物动词，表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思。 成功意味着非常努力地工作。Success means working very hard. 我不知道你是什么意思。I don’t know what you mean. 考点拓展（1）meaning是mean的名词形式，做可数或不可数名词。 It doesn’t seem to have much meaning.这似乎无多大意义。 The word has many meanings.这个单词有多种含义。 （2）means做名词，意思是“方法；手段；工具”，单复数同形。 There are no means of getting there.没有办法到那儿去。 注意What does...mean？=What’s the meaning of…？意为……是什么意思？”。 I don’t have much money, but I’d like to buy my dad something really special, if you know what I ___C___. A. want B. care C. mean D. prefer 3.develop的用法 用法分析 develop做动词，意为“发展；使开发；培育”。develop 的名词形式为development，意为“发展；开发”，为不可数名词。 志愿活动既是一个帮助他人的机会，也是一个发展自我的好方式。Volunteering is both a chance to help others and a good way to develop ourselves. 考点拓展 developed adj.发达的；developing adj.发展中的。 » Plants develop from seeds. 植物从种子生长而来。 » China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。 » America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。 Now more and more schools care for the full ___A___ of the students’ talents. A. development B. agreement C. preparation 随堂训练 一.单项选择 1.We need more 　　　 to understand how AI can help us in language learning.   A.review　     B.research　　 C.opinions　　 D.articles 【答案】B解析　根据“to understand how AI can help us in language learning”可知,此处指做更多的研究来了解人工智能如何帮助我们学习语言。故选B。 2.A lot of rich land (土地) changed into 　　　 because people cut down many trees.  A.desert 　　 B.sea　　 C.ocean　　 D.parks 【答案】A解析　根据“because people cut down many trees”可知,人们砍了很多树,许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。故选A。 3.—Why do many young people return to build their home-town now? —Because 　　　 creates more jobs and a better life.  A.natural environment　　 B.local development C.cultural tradition　     D.personal improvement 【答案】B解析　根据“many young people return to build their home-town”和“creates more jobs and a better life”可知,当地发展创造了更多就业机会和更好的生活。故选B。 二.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺单词 1.The children did a lot of _____________ in the lab to finish the science project. 2.When Li Bai enjoyed the ______________, he said, “Its torrent dashes down three thousand feet from high; As if the Silver River fell from the blue sky.” 3.The pool was so deep that I could not touch the ________ of it. 4.It is not easy to find water or green plants in a ___________. 【答案】1.research 2.waterfall    3.bottom    4.desert     三.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.With a __________(deep) of 64 metres, Lake Erie is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. 2.Jim has gone to bed? This is very _____________ (usual). He always stays up late. 3.Do you know the ___________ (long) of the Huangpu River? 4.Zebrafish are taken to Shenzhou-18 because they have advantages like small size and a short _________________ (develop) cycle. 【答案】1.depth    2.unusual    3.length    4.development     课文解析2 Reaching New Heights 　　To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to-30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the«Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 　　On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou,Qu Yinhua, and Gong Bu arrived at the Second Step.It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit,the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4: 20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. 　 In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007,almost all climbers from the northern side used this"Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster.In 2020， a third team returned to Qomolangma to measure its height-8,848.86 metres. 　　Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully,but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or,as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply "because it's there"! 攀登新高度 对大多数人而言，珠穆朗玛峰堪称世界最伟大的奇迹之一。站在地球之巅，你会感觉自己仿佛能触摸到天空。但只有最优秀的登山者才能登顶，而前提是他们必须先在极端恶劣的环境中存活下来。在山上，气温可降至零下30度。登山者还需应对稀薄空气、高耸悬崖和变幻莫测的天气。1960年之前，从未有人能从北坡登顶珠峰。登山者甚至将这条路线称为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心挑战这一壮举。 1960年5月24日，登山者刘连曼、王福洲、曲银华和龚步成功登顶海拔8600米的第二台阶。当时人们都说这里高得连鸟儿都够不着。刘连曼让队友们踩着他的肩膀，众人一步步向上攀爬，最终成功翻越第二台阶。5月25日凌晨4点20分，中国国旗首次在世界最高峰上空飘扬。 1975年，一支中国登山队成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰开展科研。他们将登山梯具带至二阶梯，直到2007年，北坡登山者几乎都借助这架‘中国梯’快速登顶。2020年，第三支登山队重返珠峰，最终测得峰顶海拔8,848.86米。 攀登珠穆朗玛峰风险重重。虽有成功登顶者，却也屡屡折戟沉沙。为何人们仍甘冒生命危险挑战世界之巅？这源于人类永不停息的好奇与雄心。正如英国探险家乔治·马洛里所言：‘只因它就在那里！’ 1.so...that…的用法 用法分析 so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”.so后面常跟形容词或副词的原级，that引导的是结果状语从句。 这道题太难了，我解不出来。The problem is so difficult that I can't work it out. 电视剧《西游记》是如此有趣，以至于我想再看一遍。The TV play Journey to the West is so interesting that I would like to watch it again. 考点拓展 such...that也表示“如此…以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，结构：such+a/an+形容词十单数可数名词+that从句；such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that从句。 It is such an important meeting that we can't miss it.这个会议如此重要，我们不能不去。 注意 so that“以便，为的是”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that。 Please speak slowly so that we can follow you better.请慢慢说，以便我们能更好地跟上你。 She was ___A___ excited at the news that she couldn't say a word. A. so B. very C. such 2.arrive in的用法 用法分析 arrive in意为“到达”，后接地点名词。 到达 get to 到达某地，直接接地点 arrive at/in arrive at+小地点 arrive in+大地点 reach 直接接地点宾语 注意 get to /arrive in /at 后若接副词here/there，home等，to/at/in省略。 They arrived in/got to/reached Beijing yesterday.昨天他们到达了北京。 Mr. Smith will arrive at our school next week. The underlined part “arrive at” means ___D___ . A. get B. go C. come D. reach 3.feel like的用法 用法分析 feel like意为“给……的感觉；感觉像（是）……；摸起来好像”，可以接从句。 他们让我觉得就是这个家中的一员。They made me feel like one of the family. 这布料摸起来像丝绸。The cloth feels like silk. 考点拓展 feel like还意为“想要（做某事）”，其后接名词或动名词，不能接不定式。 I don't feel like cooking. Let's eat out.我不想做饭。我们出去吃吧。 We feel like ____A__ some food and drink because we'll invite some friends____A__ in a party. A. buying；to join B. to buy；joining C. buying；join 4.stop的用法 用法分析 stop动词“停止，中断”。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。 考点辨析 stop doing sth.，stop to do sth stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事，动名词做宾语。 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。 当我妈妈进来的时候，我就不看电视了。When my mom comes in, I stop watching TV. 我们应该停下来休息一会儿。We should stop to have a rest. 考点拓展 stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。 The heavy rain stopped us from going out.大雨阻止了我们外出。 Please stop ___B___ and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes. A. to study；wearing B. studying；to wear C. to study；to wear D. studying；wearing 5.successful的用法 用法分析 successful是形容词，意为“成功的；有成就的”，做表语或定语。 她是一位非常成功的母亲。She is a very successful mother. 巧学助记success n.成功十后缀-ful→successful adj.成功的+后缀-ly→successfully adv成功地（用于修饰动词）。success n.成功（去ss）+ed→succeed v成功。 Her first success encouraged her to work even harder.她的首次成功鼓舞她更加努力工作。 He finished the work successfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。 He succeeded in passing the exam他成功地通过了考试。 固定搭配 succeed in （doing）sth.=be successful in（doing）sth.=have success in（doing）sth.表示“成功地做某事”。 He succeeded in solving the problem. =He was successful in solving the problem. =He had success in solving the problem.他成功地解决了这个问题。 用所给词的适当形式填空 With great courage and effort, Liu Chuanjian, a national hero, successfully（success）landed the plane, saving over 100 people. 6.wonder 用法分析 wonder v.想知道；琢磨。→wonder + wonderful adj.精彩的→wonderfully adv.精彩地。 考点拓展 （1）wonder后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时，表委婉地请求或疑问。wonder后接that引导的宾语从句时，表示“感到惊讶”。 我不知道你是否能帮我一下。I wonder if you would mind giving me a hand. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。I wonder that she has won the race. （2）wonder做可数名词，表示“奇迹；奇观”。 -Excuse me. I wonder ___A___ the plane can land on time. -Wait a minute, please. Let me check it out. A. if B. which C. that 7.northern 北方的 【详解】northern [形容词] 北部的；向北的 直接加在地名或区域名称前，表示“......的北部”，其反义词为southern,意为“南部的；向南的”。 »The northern part of China is cold in winter.　中国的北部冬天很冷。 »In southern villages, people grow a lot of rice.　在南方的村庄,人们种很多水稻。 【拓展】north [名词] 北部；北方 其反义词为south,意为“南部；南方”。 »Birds fly to the north in spring. 鸟儿在春天飞到北方。 » My grandparents live in the south of the city.　我的祖父母住在城市的南部。 8. one of the greatest wonders of the world.世界上最壮美的奇观之一 【详解】one of the greatest wonders 最壮美的奇观之一 　这是“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最···的···之一”。此结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 »Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.　上海是中国最大的城市之一。 »One of the most popular subjects in school is science.　学校里最受欢迎的科目之一是科学。 9. conditions 状态；境况 【详解】condition [名词] 状态；境况 常用搭配：in bad/good/excellent condition处于糟糕的/良好的/极佳的状态 out of condition 健康状况不佳 My grandpa is 76 years old, and he is still in excellentcondition.我爷爷76岁了，他的健康状况依然很好。 He is out of condition. 他健康状况不佳。 【拓展】 condition [名词]环境；条件；境况（常用复数形式） They're trying to improve their living conditions.他们正努力改善自己的生活条件。 10.risk n.危险；风险 v使··冒风险 【详解】risk [动词]使··冒风险（或面临危险） 常用搭配：risk doing sth冒着......的风险 He helped a disabled woman, risking losing his own life.他帮助了一位残疾妇女，冒着失去自己生命的风险。 He risked his life to save the child. 他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。 【拓展】 ①risk [名词] 危险；风险 常用搭配：take a risk/risks冒险 the risk of . .. ......的风险 Unhealthy eating can increase the risk of heart disease.　　不健康的饮食会增加患心脏病的风险。 Don't take a risk by swimming in the wild river.　别冒险去野河里游泳。 ②risky [形容词] 有危险（或风险）的 Skiing without a coach is very risky.　没有教练指导就滑雪很危险。 11.simply adv仅仅；只；简单地 【详解】simply[副词]仅仅；只；简单地 Youth is simply an attitude of mind. 青春仅仅是心态问题。 【拓展】 simple[形容词]简单的，简易的；完全的，不折不扣的 Setting the table before dinner is a simple task in my family.　晚饭前摆餐具是我家的简单任务。 Nobody wanted to believe the simple truth.　谁也不愿意相信这明显的事实。 随堂训练 一.单项选择 1.—Thanks to the effort of our government, our living 　　　 are better and better.  —Yes. We are so lucky to live in a peaceful and happy country. A.solutions　　 B.education C.conditions 　　 D.relation 【答案】C解析　根据“We are so lucky to live in a peaceful and happy country.”可知,此处指生活条件越来越好。故选C。 2.Memorizing grammar rules isn’t 　　　 copying them word by word. You need to use them in sentences.   A.mainly     B.simply　 C.exactly　 D.clearly 【答案】B解析　根据语境可知,记忆语法规则并非简单地逐字抄写,你需要在句子中运用它们。故选B。 3.Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to 　　　 .  A.stay　 B.serve     C.survive　 D.search 【答案】C解析　根据语境可知,红松鼠依靠它们更厚实的冬季皮毛和在秋季储存的食物来生存。故选C。 二.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺单词 1.In some countries children must travel long ______________ to school each day. 2.It is the highest railway in the world climbing more than 5,000 meters __________ sea level. 3.It’s important to stand up straight and put your ______________ back. 4.Tomorrow’s temperature is between ten and fifteen __________. 5.This job is dangerous, but someone has to _________ his life to finish it. 【答案】1.distances    2.above    3.shoulders    4.degrees 5.risk     三.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Finally, those _____________ (climb) succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain. 2.The weather here is _______________(change), with sudden storms. 3.Many giant pandas live in the mountains of _____________ (north) Sichuan Province. 4.The pink, purple or white flowers are a signal that the plants are nearing __________(die). 5.He finds it important to learn how to communicate with his ______________ (team). 6.Shenzhou-18 was _________________ (success) launched (发射) into space on April 25th, 2024. 7.Children show ______________ (curious) about everything. 8.There were many famous ______________(explore) in the world in history. 【答案】1.climbers    2.changeable    3.northern    4.death    5.teammates    6.successfully 7.curiosity    8.explorers     一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I wonder where the _______ (deep) point in the Amazon River is. 2. The villagers’ hard work helps make the lake much _______ (clear). 3. We should remember “Actions speak _______ (loud) than words” in our daily work. 4. The Nile River runs _______ (far) in the world and is about 6,671 kilometres long. 5. Although the mountain isn’t as _______ (high) as Mount Qomolangma, it still attr acts many climbers. 【答案】1-5 deepest；clearer；louder；farthest；high 二、根据汉语提示补全句子 6. 黄果树瀑布是世界上最著名的瀑布之一。 Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of _______ _______ _________ _________ in the world. 7. 根据一份报告，到2026年，人工智能将取代全球8500万多个工作岗位。 According to a report, AI will take the place of over ____________ _________ jobs worldwide by 2026. 8. 人们可以躺在死海的表面上，因为那里的含盐量更高。 People can lie on the surface of the Dead Sea because it is _______ _______ _______. 9. 为了让我们的祖国发展得越来越好，我们有责任付出巨大努力。 In order to make our country develop _______ _______ _______, it’s our duty to make great efforts. 10. 你知道芜湖占地面积约6009平方千米吗？(数字用英文表示) Do you know Wuhu is about ___________________________________ in size? 【答案】6-10 the most famous waterfalls；eighty-five million；a lot saltier；better and better；six thousand and nine square kilometers 三、阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 big you hot large quick cold live cover rain million Can you imagine a sea of sand three times 11. _______ than India? This is the Sahara Desert, the 12. _______ desert in the world. It 13. _______ 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 14. _______ square kilometers. That’s more than 25% of Africa. In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much 15. _______ during the day. The hottest time is between 2 p. m. and 4 p. m., when the temperature rises to 38℃ . But it is very cold at night—the coldest time is at 4 a. m. , when temperatures fall to -4℃ . The Sahara is also very dry. It seldom 16. _______. Because of the temperatures in the desert, it is a very difficult place 17. _______. During the day, cover 18. _______ body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold more 19. _______. When the temperature drops, it can be a shock and make you feel even 20. _______. 【答案】11-20 bigger；largest；covers；million；hotter；rains；to live；your；quickly；colder 一．单项选择 1．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）She’s not strong enough _________ the big box. A．to carry B．carrying C．carry D．carried 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她不够强壮，搬不动那个大箱子。 考查非谓语动词。根据空前“strong enough …”可知，此处考查adj. + enough to do“足够……去做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式结构作结果状语。故选A。 2．（25-26八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）As students, we should _________ good learning habits. A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．develops 【答案】A 【详解】句意：作为学生，我们应该养成良好的学习习惯。 考查谓语动词的形式。根据“should”是情态动词可知，空处应填动词原形。故选A。 3．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）He reads ______ few books that he can’t tell stories to ______ little children. A．so; such B．such; such C．so; so D．such; so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他读的书如此少，以至于他不能给这么小的孩子讲故事。 考查so和such的用法区别。在结果状语从句中，so用于修饰形容词或副词，such用于修饰名词或名词短语。第一个空后“few”是形容词，表示“少的”，因此用so修饰；第二个空后“little children”是名词短语，其中“little”表示“小的”，因此用such修饰。故选A。 4．（24-25九年级上·江西南昌·期中）He is ________ an outgoing boy that he has ________ many friends. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such D．so; such 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他是一个如此外向的男孩，以至于他有很多朋友。 考查“such...that”和副词的用法。第一个空后是名词短语“an outgoing boy”，需用“such”修饰；第二个空后是“many”，需用“so”修饰形容词“many”，表示“如此多”。故选B。 5．（25-26八年级上·宁夏银川·期中）—I made a lot of food, so feel free ________ what you like. —I’d love to, but I don’t feel like ________ now. A．eat; eating B．to eat; eat C．eating; to eat D．to eat; eating 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我做了很多食物，所以随意吃你喜欢的。——我很想，但现在我不想吃。 考查非谓语动词用法。feel free to do sth.表示“随便做某事”，故第一空需填动词不定式；feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”，固定搭配，故第二空需填动名词。故选D。 6．（25-26八年级上·四川攀枝花·月考）—What do you plan to do this weekend? —I don’t ________ having a trip. I ________ to stay at home. A．feel like; would like B．want; would like C．feel like; feel like D．want; feel like 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？——我不想去旅行。我想待在家里。 考查动词短语用法。feel like doing sth.想要做某事；would like to do sth.想要做某事；want to do sth.想要做某事。根据“I don’t...having a trip. I...to stay at home”可知，是不想去旅行，想待在家里。第一个空后为having a trip (动名词)，需用feel like；第二个空后为to stay (不定式)，需用would like或者want。故选A。 7．（25-26八年级上·山东淄博·期中）—I’m very tired. —Why not stop ________ a rest. A．have B．having C．to have D．to having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我很累。——为什么不停下来休息一下。 考查非谓语动词。why not后接动词原形，表示建议，此处stop为动词原形；stop to do sth.表示停下来去做另一件事，而stop doing sth.表示停止正在做的事。根据语境，是建议停下来去休息，因此用stop to have a rest。故选C。 8．（25-26八年级上·天津河西·月考）It’s so hot today and I’m so tired. Why not ________? A．stop to have a rest B．to stop to have a rest C．stop having a rest D．to stop having a rest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今天太热了，我好累。为什么不停下来休息一下呢？ 考查非谓语动词和动词短语辨析。stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事；stop doing sth.停止正在做的事。根据语境可知，此处是在提议停下来去做休息这件事，所以应该用stop to do sth.的结构。又因为why not后接动词原形，表示“为什么不……”，所以此处应该用stop的原形。故选A。 9．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）Safety rules can help us __________ risks when cycling. A．take B．make C．avoid D．find 【答案】C 【详解】句意：安全规则可以帮助我们避免骑自行车时的危险。 考查动词词义辨析。take拿；make制作；avoid避免；find发现，找到。根据“Safety rules can help us…risks when cycling.”，结合常识可知，安全规则可以帮助我们避免骑自行车时的危险。故选C。 二、单词拼写 10．（25-26七年级上·甘肃天水·期中）What’s the (mean) of the word “snap”? 【答案】meaning 【详解】句意：单词“snap”的含义是什么？空处填名词作主语。mean“意思是”，动词，名词为meaning“含义”，可数名词，此处指“snap”这个单词的含义，用单数名词。故填meaning。 11．（25-26七年级上·甘肃庆阳·期中）The word “handsome” (mean) “good-looking”. 【答案】means 【详解】句意：“handsome”这个词的意思是“好看”。根据“The word ‘handsome’”可知，句子是描述一个事实，且主语为三单形式，应用动词mean“意味着”的三单形式。故填means。 12．（25-26八年级上·广东江门·月考）The (develop) of digital technology has changed our lives. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：数字技术的发展改变了我们的生活。develop“发展”，动词；根据“The...of digital technology”可知，此处应填名词，develop的名词形式是development，且此处表示抽象意义的“发展”，为不可数名词。故填development。 13．（25-26九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Taizhou Team (successful) won the championship of the 2025 Jiangsu Football City League. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：泰州队成功地赢得了2025年江苏省足球城市联赛的冠军。根据“won”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，successful的副词为successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。 14．（25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·期中）After practicing day and night, Mary gave a (success) piano show at her school. 【答案】successful 【详解】句意：在日夜练习之后，玛丽在她的学校举办了一场成功的钢琴表演。success“成功”，名词；根据“piano show”可知，此处要用形容词作定语修饰名词，success的形容词为successful。故填successful。 15．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）The film Ne Zha 2 is (wonder) and worth watching a second time. 【答案】wonderful 【详解】句意：《哪吒 2》这部电影很精彩，值得再看一次。 根据“The film Ne Zha 2 is…”可知，此处需要一个形容词作表语，所给词wonder是名词，其形容词形式wonderful意为“精彩的；极好的”，符合句子描述电影特点的语境，故填wonderful。 16．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）I (wonder) what the weather will be like. Maybe I’ll ride my bike if it’s sunny. 【答案】wonder 【详解】句意：我想知道天气会是什么样子。如果天气晴朗，或许我会骑自行车。分析句子结构可知，句子描述的是当前“我”的一种想法或状态，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是“I”，谓语动词应用原形wonder“想知道，好奇”。故填wonder。 17．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）The house over there was reported as being in excellent . (condition) 【答案】condition 【详解】句意：据报道，那边的那所房子状况极佳。根据“in excellent”可知，横线处需填名词，condition“状况”，名词，in excellent condition“状况极佳”。故填condition。 知识导图记忆 重点单词 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Verb 动词 1. 生存；存活；艰难度过survive  2. 吸引；招引；引起（反应）attract  3. 包含；包括include  Noun名词 1. 数量；测量measurement  2. 高度；水平；程度level  3. 表面；表层 surface  4. 深（度）；纵深depth  5. 大船；轮船vessel  6. 底部；最下部bottom  7. 瀑布waterfall  8. 文明 civilization  9. 方式；途径means  10. 发展；壮大development  11. 沙漠；荒原desert 12. 英里 mile 13. 池塘；水坑 pool  14. 攀登者；登山者climber  15. 距离；遥远distance  16. 状态；境况condition  17. 度；度数；程度degree  18. 悬崖；峭壁cliff  19. 死亡；毁灭；破灭death  20. 同队队员；队友teammate  21. 肩膀；肩部shoulder  22. 梯子；阶梯；途径ladder  23. 好奇心；求知欲curiosity  24. 追求的目标；野心；雄心ambition  25. 探险者；勘探者explorer  26. 类型；种类type  27. 旅行者；游客traveller  28. 海岸；海滨coast  29. 珊瑚；珊瑚虫coral  30. 礁；礁脉reef  31. 沙子sand  32. 结构（体）；构造；体系structure  33. （鱼、鲸、海豚等的）群school  34. 海龟；龟turtle  35. 一生；终身lifetime  Adjective形容词 1. 特别的；不寻常的unusual  2. 立方的cubic  3. 北部的；向北的northern  4. 可能变化的; 易变的；常变的changeable  5. 有决心的；坚决的determined  6. 有危险（或风险）的risky  7. 南部的；向南的southern  8. 位于；坐落在located  9. 淡水的；淡水中生长的freshwater  10. 好奇的；求知欲强的curious  11. 自然的；天然的；天生的natural  12. 东北的；东北方向的northeastern  13. 活着；在世；有活力alive  Adverb 副词 1. 成功地；顺利地successfully  2. 仅仅；只；简单地simply  多重词性词 1. n. 奇观；惊叹v. 琢磨；想知道；感到诧异 wonder 2. prep. 在（或到）……下面；少于；低于adv. 在（或到）下面below  3. v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲dive  4. v. & n. 研究；调查research  5. prep. 在（或向）……上面；超过adv. 在（或向）上面；在（或向）高处；超过above 6. v. 测量；量度为n. 措施; 度量单位measure  7. v. 使……冒风险（或面临危险）n. 危险；风险risk 8. adj. 水下的；用于水下的adv. 在水下underwater  9. v. 使用呼吸管潜泳 n.（浮潜用的）呼吸管snorkel  重点短语 1. 平方千米square kilometre  2. 海平面sea level  3. 潜入深海dive into the deep sea  23. 顺便提一下by the way  5. 到达顶点 reach the top 6. 一点一点地；逐渐地bit by bit 7. 冒着某人的生命危险 risk sb’s life  8. 正如某人所说的那样as sb put it  9. 自然奇观 natural wonders 重点句子 1. 地球上最低的地方是哪里？What’s the lowest place on earth? 2. 尼罗河和黄河都促进了古代文明的发展。Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop. 3. 我们应该尽一切办法保护它们。We should protect them by all means. 4. 长江是中国最长的河流，全长约6300公里。The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 5. 参观世界上最大的瀑布之一是一次神奇的经历。Visiting one of the world’s largest waterfalls was a magical experience. 6. 在那里，我们感觉到水从我们身边流过，成为瀑布的一部分。There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. 7. 对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 8. 在地球上最高的地方，你会觉得你能够触摸到天空。On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. 9. 人们说它太高了，甚至连鸟都够不到。People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. 一．完形填空 （24-25八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）What exactly is a forest, and what is it for? Answers such as nature’s green treasure, the home of wildlife might come to our minds, while in the Grimms’ stories, a forest is often 1 as the home of evil witches (邪恶的女巫) , talking animals and other magical beings. Once upon a time, a demon (恶魔) living 2 happened to meet a young soldier, who showed great 3 in the war, but when the war was over, he had nowhere to go and didn’t know how to make a living. The demon knew what the soldier needed. 4 , the demon wanted to test his courage. Here was the 5 the demon made with him. The solider could live a wealthy life, but he would have to live 6 Bearskin without bathing and cutting nails or hair for seven years. And if he died during the time, the demon would take the soldier’s soul. During seven years’ period, people were 7 to Bearskin for his generosity-wherever he went, he helped the poor and people in trouble. At the end of the story, the demon 8 the promise and Bearskin found his true love. When I was young, the lesson I took from the story is that small acts of kindness go a long, long, long way. 9 you are kind, evil spirits will stay away from you. Yet, as I grew up, my perspective (视角) on this book 10 . What came to my mind is the meaning of forest. In the Grimms’ story, magical power comes from forest. Forests which 11 the unknown, mysteries, danger. . . are used 12 in many classic novels like Alice in Wonderland, the Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Secret Garden. … So why not enjoy a 13 time with nice reads and the smell of nature in forests? A good 14 encourages reading and helps spread its values to all ages. At its best, reading happens 15 you slow down and feel the twin gifts from nature and knowledge. 1．A．described B．created C．explained D．used 2．A．on the sand B．in a mountain C．in a forest D．near the sea 3．A．courage B．fear C．excitement D．anger 4．A．Moreover B．Anyway C．Suddenly D．However 5．A．business B．trade C．effort D．advice 6．A．by B．with C．as D．for 7．A．helpful B．thankful C．meaningful D．careful 8．A．kept B．showed C．broke D．made 9．A．Until B．If C．Unless D．Though 10．A．improved B．continued C．changed D．remained 11．A．stand for B．prepare for C．ask for D．look for 12．A．rapidly B．wildly C．quickly D．widely 13．A．surprising B．fantastic C．calm D．proud 14．A．story B．spirit C．act D．read 15．A．although B．unless C．once D．because 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文通过格林童话及经典小说中森林的象征意义，倡导在森林中享受阅读，感受自然与知识的馈赠。 1．句意：森林究竟是什么，它的作用是什么？我们可能会想到“自然的绿色宝藏”“野生动物的家园”这样的答案，而在格林童话中，森林常常被描述为邪恶女巫、会说话的动物和其他魔法生物的家园。   described描述；created创造；explained解释；used使用。根据“the home of evil witches...”可知，这是对森林在童话中的角色“描述”，故选A。 2．句意：从前，一个住在森林里的恶魔碰巧遇到了一位年轻的士兵，他在战争中表现出极大的勇气，但战争结束后，他无处可去，不知道如何谋生。   on the sand在沙滩上；in a mountain在山里；in a forest在森林里；near the sea在海边。根据上文“in the Grimms’ stories, a forest is often...”可知，恶魔住在“森林里”，故选C。 3．句意：从前，一个住在森林里的恶魔碰巧遇到了一位年轻的士兵，他在战争中表现出极大的勇气，但战争结束后，他无处可去，不知道如何谋生。   courage勇气；fear恐惧；excitement兴奋；anger愤怒。根据下文“test his courage”可知，士兵在战争中表现出“勇气”，故选A。 4．句意：恶魔知道士兵需要什么，但他想考验士兵的勇气。   Moreover此外；Anyway无论如何；Suddenly突然；However然而。“知道需求”与“想考验勇气”为转折关系，用“However”，故选D。 5．句意：这是恶魔与他达成的交易。   business生意；trade交易；effort努力；advice建议。根据“the solider could live a wealthy life, but he would have to...”可知，双方达成“交易”，故选B。 6．句意：士兵可以过上富裕的生活，但他必须像“熊皮人”一样生活七年，不洗澡、不剪指甲和头发。   by通过；with和；as作为；for为了。“live as Bearskin”表示“作为熊皮人生活”，故选C。 7．句意：七年间，人们因“熊皮人”的慷慨而感激他——无论他走到哪里，都会帮助穷人和有困难的人。   helpful有帮助的；thankful感激的；meaningful有意义的；careful仔细的。根据“he helped the poor...”可知，人们对他“感激”，故选B。 8．句意：故事的最后，恶魔遵守了承诺，“熊皮人”找到了真爱。   kept遵守；showed展示；broke打破；made制作。根据“Bearskin found his true love”可知，恶魔“遵守”了承诺，故选A。 9．句意：如果你善良，邪灵就会远离你。   Until直到；If如果；Unless除非；Though尽管。“善良”是“邪灵远离”的条件，用“If”引导条件状语从句，故选B。 10．句意：然而，随着我长大，我对这本书的看法改变了。   improved改善；continued继续；changed改变；remained保持。根据“as I grew up”及“What came to my mind is the meaning of forest”可知，看法“改变”了，故选C。 11．句意：森林代表着未知、神秘、危险……   stand for代表；prepare for准备；ask for请求；look for寻找。“unknown, mysteries, danger”是森林的象征意义，“stand for”符合语境，故选A。 12．句意：森林在许多经典小说中被广泛使用，如《爱丽丝梦游仙境》《绿野仙踪》《秘密花园》……   rapidly迅速地；wildly疯狂地；quickly快速地；widely广泛地。根据“in many classic novels”可知，森林的意象被“广泛”使用，故选D。 13．句意：那么，为什么不在森林里享受一段美好的时光，享受阅读的乐趣和大自然的气息呢？   surprising令人惊讶的；fantastic极好的；calm平静的；proud骄傲的。“nice reads and the smell of nature”对应“美好的时光”，“fantastic”最贴切，故选B。 14．句意：一个好的故事鼓励阅读，并帮助将其价值观传播给各个年龄段的人。   story故事；spirit精神；act行为；read阅读。根据上文对格林童话的讲述及“spread its values”可知，此处指“故事”，故选A。 15．句意：最好的阅读发生在你放慢脚步，感受来自自然和知识的双重馈赠时。   although尽管；unless除非；once一旦；because因为。“放慢脚步”是“阅读发生”的条件，“once”表示“一旦……就”，符合语境，故选C。 二．语法填空 （2025八年级下·全国·专题练习）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Autumn is a beautiful season that brings many changes to nature. The weather becomes cool and 1 (comfort), and the leaves on the trees turn different colors, such as red, yellow and orange. It’s a perfect time for outdoor 2 (activity) like hiking, camping and picking fruits. In many parts of China, autumn is also a harvest season. Farmers are busy 3 (harvest) crops in the fields. Rice, corn and fruits are all ready 4 (pick). The happy smiles on farmers’ faces show their joy of harvest.      Autumn is also a great season for traveling. Many people choose to visit places with beautiful autumn scenery. For example, Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei Province is famous for its red maple leaves (枫叶) in autumn. Every year, thousands of tourists come here to enjoy the 5 (amaze) views. In addition to its beauty, autumn also has a special cultural meaning in China. The Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important traditional Chinese festivals, falls 6 autumn. On this day, families get together to eat mooncakes and admire the full moon, 7 (express) their wishes for happiness and reunion (团圆). As the season changes, we should also adjust our lifestyle. We should wear warm clothes to keep 83 (health) and eat more seasonal fruits and vegetables. Autumn is a time of 9 (change) and growth. It reminds us to cherish (珍惜) the present moment and prepare for the coming winter.      Whether you like to stay outdoors and enjoy the beauty of nature 10 stay indoors and read a good book, autumn has something special to offer. It’s a season that everyone can enjoy. 【答案】1．comfortable 2．activities 3．harvesting 4．to be picked 5．amazing 6．in 7．expressing 8．healthy 9．change 10．or 【导语】本文介绍了秋季的自然景色、农业收获、旅游活动、文化意义以及生活方式的调整。 1．句意：天气变得凉爽而舒适。and连接并列形容词，comfort的形容词comfortable“舒适的”与cool并列作表语。故填comfortable。 2．句意：这是进行像远足、露营和采摘水果这样的户外活动的完美时间。outdoor为形容词，修饰名词，此处表泛指，用复数形式，activity的复数形式为activities。故填activities。 3．句意：农民们正忙着在田里收割庄稼。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，固定搭配。故填harvesting。 4．句意：水稻、玉米和水果都准备好被采摘了。主语“Rice, corn and fruits”与动词pick之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动式to be picked。故填to be picked。 5．句意：每年，成千上万的游客来这里欣赏令人惊叹的景色。修饰名词views，应用amaze的形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”修饰物。故填amazing。 6．句意：中秋节，中国最重要的传统节日之一，就在秋天。在某个季节用介词in。故填in。 7．句意：在这一天，家人们聚在一起吃月饼、赏满月，表达他们对幸福和团圆的美好祝愿。此处用现在分词作伴随状语，express的现在分词为expressing。故填expressing。 8．句意：我们应该穿暖和的衣服来保持健康。keep后接形容词作表语，health的形容词healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。 9．句意：秋天是一个变化和成长的时期。of为介词，后接名词change“变化”。故填change。 10．句意：无论你喜欢待在户外享受自然之美，还是喜欢待在室内读一本好书。whether...or...“无论……还是……”，固定搭配。故填or。 $