精品解析：江苏省扬州市仪征市实验中学2025-2026学年八年级上学期1月月考英语试题

八年级英语随堂检测试卷 （2026.01） （总分: 140分） 第一部分选择题（80分） 一、听力部分（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分） A.本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一小段对话，请根据你所听到的内容，从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确的选项。（每段对话读两遍） 1. What animal are they going to see next? A. B. C. 2. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. B. C. 3. What does Mike’s father do? A. B. C. 4. How are they going home? A. B. C. 5. When will the woman’s train leave? A. At 9:15. B. At 9:50. C. At 10:50. 6. What do we know about the bag? A. It is too heavy. B. There are many toys in it. C. Jane can carry it. 7. What do they think of the Art lessons? A. Difficult. B. Popular. C. Boring. 8. How often does the girl go to the Sports Club? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 9. Why does the girl feel worried? A. Because she is not as clever as her friends. B. Because she is not as pretty as her friends. C. Because she is not as slim as her friends. 10. What’s wrong with Jack? A. He has a toothache. B. He has a headache. C. He has an earache. B.听下面3段对话或短文。每段对话或短文后各有几道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（每段对话或短文读两遍） 听一段对话，回答第11~12小题。 11. What was the boy doing at nine last night? A. He was waiting for the bus. B. He was shopping at the supermarket. C. He was watching a film at the cinema. 12. Where is the supermarket? A. In front of the cinema. B. Next to the cinema. C. Behind the cinema. 听第一篇短文，回答13-15小题。请根据短文内容，选择正确答案，完成信息记录表。 The library in Jane’s school Introduction Big and beautiful. Location（位置） In the 13 of the school Rules Borrow 14 books at a time. Return the books within two months. Don’t 15 in the library. Put the books back in their places. 13. A. south B. north C. east 14. A. two B. three C. four 15. A. talk B. sleep C. eat 听第二篇短文，回答16-20小题。 16. What is Peter mainly talking about? A. The activities. B. The seasons. C. The months. 17. When does the winter end in Peter’s city? A. In December. B. In January C. In March. 18. What do people like to do in spring in Peter’s city? A. Have picnics. B. Go fishing. C. Play card games. 19. How is the weather in summer in Peter’s city? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 20. How do people go into the mountains? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By bike. 二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 1. We were lucky to see ________ eagle hunting in ________ wild near the mountain lake. A. a; a B. an; the C. the; a D. an; a 2. —________ does the girl over there weigh? —Her ________ is 50kg. A. How heavy; weigh B. How many; weight C How much; weight D. How much; weigh 3. They found John an excellent student. The sentence structure is ________. A. S+V+IO+DO B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 4. The temperature tomorrow will be ________ than today. It will drop below zero, ________ -2℃. A. lower; at B. colder; at C. lower; to D. colder; to 5. The rest of the kids ________ having bread. Some bread tastes nice, while the rest ________. A. are; isn’t B. are; doesn’t C. is; isn’t D. is; don’t 6. Reading makes us a full man. ________ , it can help us learn a lot about the world. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Instead 7. —How could you find Lisa so easily? —She was in a red coat and it stood out clearly ________ the white snow. A. during B. over C. towards D. against 8. —What’s that sound upstairs? —Maybe someone ________ a cup on the ground. A. lost B. dropped C. fell D. filled 9. Which of the following word does NOT rhyme with “funny”? A. sunny B. foggy C. key D. sleepy 10. Hard work ________ success. You’ll end up as a successful person if you work hard. A. takes up B. makes up C. dresses up D. leads to 11. _____ news report I am reading! It tells us so much about saving the wild tigers. A. What useful B. What a useful C. How useful D. How a useful 12. —Good news! We’ll have ________ days off for the coming winter vacation than usual. —We really look forward to it. We can relax ourselves and have fun. A. more B. fewer C. less D. better 13. —Whose bike is this? —It ________ be Mary’s. Her bike is blue, but this one is red. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. may D. might 14. —Did you find it ________ to finish making the model ship? —Well, I finished everything ________ in the beginning, but later it was getting hard. A. easy; easy B. easily; easily C. easily; easy D. easy; easily 15. —If you have any trouble, feel free to call me. —________. A. I will think it over B. I am sorry to hear that C. You are welcome D. I will. Thank you 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, Cindy got a letter and a watermelon seed from Uncle Paul. The letter said: Cindy, This is a magic seed for you. Plant it, and it will grant (给予) ____16____ three wishes. Remember to be patient: the world has its own rhythm (节奏). Uncle Paul Cindy thought, “A magic seed? Maybe it’s Uncle Paul’s ____17____, but why not have a try?” She planted the seed in the yard and made her ____18____ wish, “I want the watermelon to grow as big as a mountain”. The next morning, Cindy was very ____19____ to see a huge watermelon in the yard. She couldn’t believe it. “I must ____20____ it at once,” She hurried to cut the watermelon, but it was too hard. She became angry, “This is a silly watermelon. I don’t want it”. Immediately, the fruit became a seed again. Cindy ____21____ her second wish was granted. “Humph! This is not fun,” she cried. A few days later, Cindy found Uncle Paul’s ____22____ and read it again. She stopped when she saw the words “be patient”. How could she forget it? She rushed out of the door and ____23____ ran to the yard to find the seed. This time, she promised she would make the best use of the third wish. She thought for a while. “I hope my ____24____ could spend more time together.” But her parents needed to work. How could the seed help? Although it seemed impossible, she still decided to ____25____ the seed with patience. Cindy got some information about ____26____ to plant a watermelon, and then followed the steps carefully. When the seed turned into a normal-sized watermelon, she ____27____ it with her friends and neighbors. Everybody liked its taste. Cindy’s family got the seeds ____28____ the watermelon and planted more afterwards. They were so delicious that the neighbors offered to buy some. The watermelons brought extra money ____29____ Cindy’s parents didn’t have to be away for work like before. They had more family time. Cindy finally knew what Uncle Paul meant—be patient, and life will be as ____30____ as a watermelon 16. A. me B. you C. him D. her 17. A. rule B. joke C. choice D. dream 18. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth 19. A. bored B. afraid C. relaxed D. surprised 20. A. eat B. wash C. climb D. draw 21. A. heard B. explained C. realized D. imagined 22. A. book B. postcard C. letter D. newspaper 23. A. clearly B. carefully C. politely D. quickly 24. A. class B. family C. friends D. neighbors 25. A. throw away B. talk to C. look after D. search for 26. A. how B. why C. when D. where 27. A. watered B. protected C. watched D. shared 28. A. for B. from C. behind D. beside 29. A. so B. if C. but D. unless 30. A. new B. big C. sweet D. fresh 四、阅读理解（共。15小题，每小题2分，计30分） A April 23 was World Book Day. To celebrate, the students in Sunshine Middle School presented their favourite book on the school website. Here is the content of one of the books. The Wild World of Extreme (极端) Weather Table of Contents Introduction: Extreme Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯3 Part One: From One Extreme to Another Chapter 1: The World’s Hottest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 15 Chapter 2: The World’s Coldest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯43 Chapter 3: The World’s Wettest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 69 Chapter 4: The World’s Driest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯ ⋯ 95 Part Two: Severe Weather Events Chapter 5: Hurricanes and Tornadoes⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯ 123 Chapter 6: Blizzards and Other Storms⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯147 Chapter 7: Floods⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯179 Chapter 8: Lightning⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯201 Part Three: Weird Weather Chapter 9: Pink Snow and Other Colorful Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯225 Chapter 10: It’s Raining Fish and Frogs—Really!⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯⋯⋯⋯253 Glossary of Weather Terms⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯281 31. What do all the chapters in Part One describe? A. Some extreme weather events. B. Hot and cold weather. C. Differences between weather and climate. D. Dangerous weather conditions. 32. Where would you probably find “blue fog”? A. On Page 3. B. On Page 45. C. On Page 95. D. On Page 225. 33. Which form of text does the writer most probably use on Page 50? A. A form comparing (对比) winter temperatures. B. A photograph of a flooded city. C. A drawing of the features of storms. D. A map showing desert areas on Earth. B He was the only gray cub(狼崽) of the she-wolf The other cubs had red in their hair. He was gray like his father. He was the strongest cub. He showed more anger than his brothers and sisters. He made more noises. He was a carnivorous animal. He came of a breed of meat-killers and meat-eaters. His father and mother lived wholly upon meat. In his first months of life, he lived on mother’s milk, which was transformed directly from meat. And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for but a week, he was beginning himself to eat meat. There came a time when there was no meat. For many days the cubs did not eat. They were too weak and tired to play. One-Eye, the cub’s father, was killed in the fight over food. Even the she-wolf left the cave to find meat, but there was nothing. One by one, the cubs died. Only the she-wolf and the gray cub were left. One day the gray cub ran out of the cave to hunt for his own food. He met a weasel（黄鼠狼）of his size. The rat-like animal ran at him and bit his throat. He was nearly dead when the she-wolf arrived just in time to kill and eat it. The gray cub was not good at hunting yet, and still needed food from his mother. One day, the she-wolf brought him a lynx（猞猁）kitten. While eating, he heard great noise. The kitten’s mother had followed the she-wolf here. The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight, and they would fight to the death. The bite was enough to give the she-wolf the chance she needed. The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt. For a week, she did not move. The gray cub had to find food for both of them. Without his mother to take care of him, he learnt what life was about. Without meat there was no life. Animals had to eat other animals to survive. The law was: EAT OR BE EATEN. (—Taken from White Fang) 34. What does the underlined word “carnivorous” mean? A. Meat-eating. B. Grass-eating. C. Proud. D. Dangerous. 35. Which of the following can prove the law of meat? A. The gray cub was the strongest cub. B. The gray cub made more noises. C. The she-lynx fought against the she-wolf. D. The gray cub was gray like his father, One-Eye. 36. Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5? A. Wolves live only on meat. B. He ran forward and bit one of her legs. C. Soon he was losing a lot of blood. D. He could not stop the lynx from biting him. 37. After reading the passage, we can infer (推断) _______. A. The cub’s brothers and sisters died of hunger. B. One-Eye, the father died from a fight for meat C. Life was easy for the she-wolf and the gray cub. D. The she-wolf came in time to kill and eat the weasel. C I teach English in Russia. I really don’t like that class “Talk about your family”. The students say, “There are five people in my family. My mother, my father…” It sounds like all families are the same. Our families are one and only. All have their stories, jokes and so on. They’re the place where our personalities (性格) were made. We know our families so well that we even think they’re boring. Not at all. Families are the most special things. If you dig (挖掘) enough into your own, you will get everything for a great book. My mother started making our family tree years ago, not expecting to get far. However, reading the old records and visiting libraries, she got back 300 years. She found some old stories. What happened to the old big family farm? Where did the family fortune (财富) go in the 1870s? I’m the traveler in my family and I love travelling. I always think I got it from a great-grandfather. My two favorite family heirlooms (传家宝) are a photo of him on a horse and a postcard from China. If you look at your family, you open a window to the past. When my mother, still putting the family tree together, asked me for a few names from my Russian wife’s family, my wife got on the phone to check a name or two. But she spent an hour talking with her mother. So you can see that some people start talking about their family stories and they might never stop. To go back to that English class, let’s look at some interesting ways to talk about families. English is rich in idioms (习语) to talk about family life. The black sheep of the family is someone who brings family trouble. If you’re true to your family, you can say “blood (血) is thicker than water”. “Who wears the trousers in your family?” means “Who’s the head of your family?” And stories behind them are what I want to hear. 38. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A. His family tree B. His family heirloom C. His love for travelling D. His family story 39. What can we learn from the passage? A. The writer doesn’t really like his teaching job in Russia. B. The writer wants to make a great book for his family. C. The writer’s mother visited libraries to get the family heirlooms. D. The writer’s wife is very interested in the family stories. 40. Amy decides almost everything in the family, so which of the following can describe her? A. Her blood is thicker than water. B. She is the black sheep of the family. C. She wears the trousers in the family. D. She is the breadwinner of the family. 41. What’s the best title of the passage? A. It’s interesting but hard to make a family tree. B. Every family in Russia is the same with five people. C. English idioms about family are useful in an English class. D. Each family has special stories and we should explore (探索) them. D What is an ocean like? Bubbles rise. Before your eyes is a world of color and beauty. There are colorful fish, coral (珊瑚), and other forms of ocean life. Its coral can be millions of years old. Its Earth’s largest environment—the ocean. An ocean is a large body of salt water. Earth has five oceans that are all connected (连通). They cover more than 166 million square kilometers, or about one-third of the Earth. The Pacific Ocean is the largest. Millions of living things are found in Earth’s oceans. Almost all ocean life forms live in shallow (浅) waters that are 100 meters deep or less. Yet, most of the world’s oceans can be as deep as 1,500 meters or more. The bottom of the ocean is too cold and dark to support much life. ____________ Of all the animals in the ocean, the number of fish is the largest. Ocean animals have their own ways that help them live in their environment. The ocean is a wild place. Animals live in a changing environment. Some small fish feed on plants, and large fish eat smaller fish. Still larger animals, such as sharks, rule the underwater animal world. So how do animals stay safe in this environment? Some fish have special tails. Waving their bodies, they can swim quickly along the ocean floor. If a stingray (黄貂鱼) senses danger, in just a few seconds it will cover itself with some sand. Its skin is the same color as the sand. This camouflage is a way that the stingray and some other ocean animals stay safe under water. 42. What do we know about the ocean according to the passage? A. Most animals live near the bottom of the ocean. B. The Pacific Ocean covers one-third of the Earth. C The ocean will become brighter as it gets deeper. D. It is the largest home for many animals in the world. 43. Which of the following headings can be filled in the blank? A. What do ocean animals look like? B. What do animals mainly live on? C. How do animals live under water? D. How do animals keep from danger? 44. Which of the following can also be shown as camouflage? A. Zebras run very fast to get away from large animals quickly. B. Some butterflies have brown wings that just look like dry leaves. C. Foxes will lie down and play dead when they meet larger animals. D. Rabbits can dig and hide in many holes to keep from being caught. 45. On which website can we probably read this passage? A. www. freedictionary. com/power B. www. mooc. cn/music C. www. nationalgeographic.com/culture D. www. space. com/spaceflight 五、词汇运用（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分） 根据句意，用括号中所给的汉语提示或单词的适当形式填空，使句意完整，每空一词。 46. The radio says it is going to be even _________ (有雾的) tomorrow morning. 47. With countless ________ (努力) on all sides, the scary fire was finally controlled. 48. You can find ________ (印度) food, Western food or Japanese food in Singapore. 49. This empty box can ________ (容纳) up to 10 kilograms of books. 50. Children like playing in the snow on ________ (下雪的) days. 51. Studying hard can lead to ________ (improve) your grades in the long run. 52. To protect the environment, we should prevent people ________ (throw) rubbish carelessly. 53. Could you tell me what the book you borrowed is ________ (main) about? 54. It’s a good idea to use carrots for ________ (snowman) noses. 55. If the temperature drops below 0℃, water will be ________. (freeze) 六、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文并根据短文内容回答问题。(每题答案不超过11个词) Scientists have long known that Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) sometimes use leaves or insects as medicine. Do you know they can also give “first aid (急救)” to each other? Scientists studying in Uganda found this. Chimpanzees are closely related to (相关的) humans, so scientists study them a lot. For example, when they are sick or hurt, they find ways to care for themselves. In 2021, Dr Elodie Freymann went to Uganda to study chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest. She wanted to learn how they deal with their injuries (伤口). Her team looked through 30 years of research (研究) records and spent eight months studying two groups of chimpanzees. They found 34 examples of chimpanzees taking care of their own injuries, often by licking (舔) themselves or using leaves. Sometimes, they chewed (咀嚼) plants and put them on injuries. Licking can clean cuts and stop infection (感染). Some plant leaves can do this, too. Even more interesting were the seven examples of chimpanzees helping others. In one example, a young chimp sucked (吸吮) on another one’s leg to help clean the injury. A big question is whether these actions are natural or taught. In one example, a young chimp watched her mother chew a leaf and put it on a cut. Freymann thinks some actions are natural, but others are taught. She plans to keep studying to find out more. 56. What did scientists in Uganda find about chimpanzees? _________________________________________________ 57. Why do scientists study a lot about chimpanzees? _________________________________________________ 58. How did Freymann’s team do their research? _________________________________________________ 59. What do chimpanzees often do to take care of their injuries? _________________________________________________ 60. What might the example in the last paragraph show? _________________________________________________ 七、首字母填空（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 For only 20 yuan, Fang Wenjing could buy her lunch at a community canteen (社区食堂) in Hangzhou. She had a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all very delicious. “The dishes have a home-cooked t___61___.” said Fang. Community canteens have become more and more p___62___ in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook t___63___, so the community canteens help. Old people can have lunch or dinner within a 10-minute walk, and community workers can also send the dishes to them. Zhang Suxia, a worker at a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cooks made special m___64___ which are nice and have less oil (油) for the old. Now, the community canteens are b___65___ in more young people. For those who don’t want to order take-out food or eat at restaurants, the canteens o___66___ them better and cheaper dishes. The community canteens try their best to think of more ways to make people live e___67___ in the community. A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100 grams. The cost is l___68___ than that in the restaurants nearby. The rising (兴盛) of the community canteens can’t happen w___69___ the work of the local governments. They give subsidies (补贴) for b___70___ building the canteens and supporting the dining cost of the old people. There are now more than 6,700 community canteens in China, according to Tianyancha, a database company. 八、书面表达（计30分） 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分） 71. 因此，大熊猫可能没有地方居住，也没有足够的食物吃。 _________________________________________________ 72. 厚厚的白雪覆盖了一切。 __________________________________ 73. 我认为花更多的时间和家人在一起是个不错的想法。 ________________________________________________ 74. 对我们来说，过上长寿且健康的生活比以前更难了。 _________________________________________________ 75. 我们准备各种各样的食物来给她提供健康的饮食。 _________________________________________________ 写作（计20分） 76. 假设你将代表学校参加市里的对外宣传征文活动，主题为“你最喜爱哪个季节？”请你根据以下思维导图的内容，用英文写一篇短文来表达你的观点，并具体描写扬州在该季节中的特点，以及喜爱的原因。 要求： 1. 文章必须包含题干和思维导图中所有的要点，并适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分； 3. 词数不少于100词，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 My Favourite Season in Yangzhou Each season brings its own charm. For me, my favourite one in Yangzhou is _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语随堂检测试卷 （2026.01） （总分: 140分） 第一部分选择题（80分） 一、听力部分（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分） A.本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一小段对话，请根据你所听到的内容，从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确的选项。（每段对话读两遍） 1. What animal are they going to see next? A. B. C. 2. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. B. C. 3. What does Mike’s father do? A. B. C. 4. How are they going home? A. B. C. 5. When will the woman’s train leave? A. At 9:15. B. At 9:50. C. At 10:50. 6. What do we know about the bag? A. It is too heavy. B. There are many toys in it. C. Jane can carry it. 7. What do they think of the Art lessons? A. Difficult. B. Popular. C. Boring. 8. How often does the girl go to the Sports Club? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 9. Why does the girl feel worried? A. Because she is not as clever as her friends. B. Because she is not as pretty as her friends. C. Because she is not as slim as her friends. 10. What’s wrong with Jack? A. He has a toothache. B. He has a headache. C. He has an earache. B.听下面3段对话或短文。每段对话或短文后各有几道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（每段对话或短文读两遍） 听一段对话，回答第11~12小题。 11. What was the boy doing at nine last night? A. He was waiting for the bus. B. He was shopping at the supermarket. C. He was watching a film at the cinema. 12. Where is the supermarket? A. In front of the cinema. B. Next to the cinema. C. Behind the cinema. 听第一篇短文，回答13-15小题。请根据短文内容，选择正确答案，完成信息记录表。 The library in Jane’s school Introduction Big and beautiful. Location（位置） In the 13 of the school. Rules Borrow 14 books at a time. Return the books within two months. Don’t 15 in the library. Put the books back in their places. 13. A. south B. north C. east 14. A. two B. three C. four 15. A. talk B. sleep C. eat 听第二篇短文，回答16-20小题。 16. What is Peter mainly talking about? A. The activities. B. The seasons. C. The months. 17. When does the winter end in Peter’s city? A. In December. B. In January C. In March. 18. What do people like to do in spring in Peter’s city? A. Have picnics. B. Go fishing. C. Play card games. 19. How is the weather in summer in Peter’s city? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 20. How do people go into the mountains? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By bike. 二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 1. We were lucky to see ________ eagle hunting in ________ wild near the mountain lake. A. a; a B. an; the C. the; a D. an; a 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们很幸运看到一只鹰在山湖附近的野外捕猎。 考查冠词用法。a一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词。eagle以元音音素/iː/开头，故用an；根据“near the mountain lake”可知特指山区湖泊附近的野外，故用the表示特指。故选B。 2. —________ does the girl over there weigh? —Her ________ is 50kg. A. How heavy; weigh B. How many; weight C. How much; weight D. How much; weigh 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——那边的女孩多重？——她的体重是50公斤。 考查特殊疑问句。How heavy多重；How many多少，后加可数名词；How much多少，后加不可数名词；weigh称重，动词；weight重量，名词。根据“does the girl over there weigh?”可知，第一空是重多少，疑问词应用how much；再根据“Her ... is 50kg.”可知，此处需要名词。故选C。 3. They found John an excellent student. The sentence structure is ________. A. S+V+IO+DO B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们发现约翰是一名优秀的学生。 考查句子结构。句子中，“They”是主语 (S)，“found”是谓语动词 (V)，“John”是直接宾语 (DO)，“an excellent student”是宾语补足语 (OC)，用于补充说明宾语的状态，因此句子结构为S+V+DO+OC。故选D。 4. The temperature tomorrow will be ________ than today. It will drop below zero, ________ -2℃. A. lower; at B. colder; at C. lower; to D. colder; to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：明天的气温会比今天更低，会降到零度以下，至零下2摄氏度。 考查形容词辨析和介词用法。lower更低的；at在；colder更冷的；to到。描述“气温”的高低，常用“low/high”，不用“cold/hot”，因此第一空选“lower”；表示“温度降到某一数值”，常用“drop to+温度”，“at”仅表示“处于某温度”，此处强调“降到零下2℃”，用“to”。故选C。 5. The rest of the kids ________ having bread. Some bread tastes nice, while the rest ________. A. are; isn’t B. are; doesn’t C. is; isn’t D. is; don’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：剩下的孩子们正在吃面包。有些面包尝起来不错，但剩下的味道不好。 考查主谓一致。“the rest of+可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，故填“are”；此处“the rest”指代“剩下的面包”，是不可数名词，对应上文的“tastes”，否定形式需用“doesn’t”。故选B。 6. Reading makes us a full man. ________ , it can help us learn a lot about the world. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Instead 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：阅读使我充实。而且，它能帮助我了解很多关于这个世界的知识。 考查副词辨析。moreover而且，此外，表示递进关系；however然而，表示转折关系；otherwise否则，用于引出结果；instead相反，表示代替或者转折关系。分析前后两句，可知“it can help us learn a lot about the world”进一步说明读书的好处，表示递进关系，故选A。 7. —How could you find Lisa so easily? —She was in a red coat and it stood out clearly ________ the white snow. A. during B. over C. towards D. against 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你怎么能这么容易就找到莉萨？——她穿着一件红外套，在白雪的映衬下很显眼。 考查介词。during在……期间；over在……上方；越过；towards朝；向；against以……为背景；与……相对。题干表示红外套以白雪为背景很显眼。故选D。 8. —What’s that sound upstairs? —Maybe someone ________ a cup on the ground. A. lost B. dropped C. fell D. filled 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——楼上是什么声音？——也许有人把杯子掉在了地上。 考查动词辨析。lost丢失；dropped落下，掉下；fell跌倒；filled装满。根据题干可知，此处表示可能有人把杯子掉在地上而发出了声响。drop sth. on the ground“把某物掉到地上”。故选B。 9. Which of the following word does NOT rhyme with “funny”? A. sunny B. foggy C. key D. sleepy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列哪个词与“funny”不押韵？ 考查单词的读音。funny[ˈfʌnɪ]；sunny[ˈsʌnɪ]；foggy[ˈfɒɡɪ]；key[kiː]；sleepy[ˈsliːpɪ]。根据读音可知，ABD都和funny一样，结尾发[ɪ]的音；而key结尾发[iː]的音。故选C。 10. Hard work ________ success. You’ll end up as a successful person if you work hard. A. takes up B. makes up C. dresses up D. leads to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：努力工作导致成功。如果你努力工作，你最终会成为一个成功的人。 考查动词短语。takes up占据；makes up组成；dresses up打扮；leads to导致。根据“Hard work...success. You’ll end up as a successful person if you work hard.”可知，强调努力工作的结果，努力工作会导致成功，用leads to。故选D。 11. _____ news report I am reading! It tells us so much about saving the wild tigers. A. What useful B. What a useful C. How useful D. How a useful 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我正在读的是多么有用的一个新闻报道。它告诉我们很多关于拯救野生老虎的东西。 考查感叹句。根据“... news report I am reading!”可知，句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数report，感叹句型用“What+a/an+形容词+主谓！”，B选项符合。故选B。 12. —Good news! We’ll have ________ days off for the coming winter vacation than usual. —We really look forward to it. We can relax ourselves and have fun. A. more B. fewer C. less D. better 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——好消息！在即将到来的寒假里，我们将有比平时更多的假期。——我们真的很期待。我们可以放松自己，玩得开心。 考查形容词辨析。more更多的；fewer更少的；less更少的；better更好的。根据“Good news!”以及“We really look forward to it. We can relax ourselves and have fun.”可知，此处指一个好消息，应是有更多的假期，A项符合。故选A。 13. —Whose bike is this? —It ________ be Mary’s. Her bike is blue, but this one is red. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. may D. might 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这是谁的自行车？——不可能是玛丽的。她的自行车是蓝色的，但这辆是红色的。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；may可能；might可能。根据“Her bike is blue, but this one is red.”可知，颜色不同，因此推断这辆自行车不可能是玛丽的。故选B。 14. —Did you find it ________ to finish making the model ship? —Well, I finished everything ________ in the beginning, but later it was getting hard. A. easy; easy B. easily; easily C. easily; easy D. easy; easily 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你觉得完成制作这艘模型船容易吗？——嗯，一开始我完成所有事情都很轻松，但后来就变难了。 考查形容词和副词的用法。easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词。第一空，“find it+adj.+to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“发现做某事是……的”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，此处应该用形容词easy；第二空，此处是副词修饰动词finished，应该使用副词easily。故选D。 15. —If you have any trouble, feel free to call me. —________. A. I will think it over B. I am sorry to hear that C. You are welcome D. I will. Thank you 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——如果你有任何麻烦，随时给我打电话。——我会的。谢谢你。 考查情境交际用语。I will think it over我会考虑的；I am sorry to hear that听到这件事我很抱歉；You are welcome不客气；I will. Thank you我会的。谢谢你。根据“If you have any trouble, feel free to call me.”可知，这里是直接接受提议并致谢。故选D。 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, Cindy got a letter and a watermelon seed from Uncle Paul. The letter said: Cindy, This is a magic seed for you. Plant it, and it will grant (给予) ____16____ three wishes. Remember to be patient: the world has its own rhythm (节奏). Uncle Paul Cindy thought, “A magic seed? Maybe it’s Uncle Paul’s ____17____, but why not have a try?” She planted the seed in the yard and made her ____18____ wish, “I want the watermelon to grow as big as a mountain”. The next morning, Cindy was very ____19____ to see a huge watermelon in the yard. She couldn’t believe it. “I must ____20____ it at once,” She hurried to cut the watermelon, but it was too hard. She became angry, “This is a silly watermelon. I don’t want it”. Immediately, the fruit became a seed again. Cindy ____21____ her second wish was granted. “Humph! This is not fun,” she cried. A few days later, Cindy found Uncle Paul’s ____22____ and read it again. She stopped when she saw the words “be patient”. How could she forget it? She rushed out of the door and ____23____ ran to the yard to find the seed. This time, she promised she would make the best use of the third wish. She thought for a while. “I hope my ____24____ could spend more time together.” But her parents needed to work. How could the seed help? Although it seemed impossible, she still decided to ____25____ the seed with patience. Cindy got some information about ____26____ to plant a watermelon, and then followed the steps carefully. When the seed turned into a normal-sized watermelon, she ____27____ it with her friends and neighbors. Everybody liked its taste. Cindy’s family got the seeds ____28____ the watermelon and planted more afterwards. They were so delicious that the neighbors offered to buy some. The watermelons brought extra money ____29____ Cindy’s parents didn’t have to be away for work like before. They had more family time. Cindy finally knew what Uncle Paul meant—be patient, and life will be as ____30____ as a watermelon 16. A. me B. you C. him D. her 17. A. rule B. joke C. choice D. dream 18. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth 19. A. bored B. afraid C. relaxed D. surprised 20. A. eat B. wash C. climb D. draw 21. A. heard B. explained C. realized D. imagined 22. A. book B. postcard C. letter D. newspaper 23. A. clearly B. carefully C. politely D. quickly 24. A. class B. family C. friends D. neighbors 25. A. throw away B. talk to C. look after D. search for 26. A. how B. why C. when D. where 27. A. watered B. protected C. watched D. shared 28. A. for B. from C. behind D. beside 29. A. so B. if C. but D. unless 30. A. new B. big C. sweet D. fresh 【答案】16. B 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Cindy收到Paul叔叔的魔法西瓜籽后，因缺乏耐心浪费了前两个愿望，最终理解“耐心”的含义，用第三个愿望实现了家庭团聚的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：种下它，它会给你三个愿望。 me我；you你；him他；her她。根据“One day, Cindy got a letter and a watermelon seed from Uncle Paul.”可知，信件Paul是写给Cindy，此处应是“给你三个愿望”，故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：或许这是Paul叔叔的玩笑，但为什么不试试呢？ rule规则；joke玩笑；choice选择；dream梦想。根据“A magic seed?”可知，此处是疑问语气，可知Cindy觉得这可能是叔叔的玩笑，故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：她把种子种在院子里，许下了第一个愿望：“我想要西瓜长得像山一样大”。 first第一个；second第二个；third第三个；fourth第四个。根据后文“her second wish（第二个愿望）”“the third wish（第三个愿望）”，可知此处是第一个愿望，故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：第二天早上，Cindy看到院子里有个巨大的西瓜，非常惊讶。 bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；relaxed放松的；surprised惊讶的。根据“a huge watermelon”和“She couldn’t believe it.”可知Cindy是惊讶的，故选D。 【20题详解】 句意：我必须马上吃掉它 eat吃；wash洗；climb爬；draw画。根据“She hurried to cut the watermelon”，可知Cindy想吃西瓜，故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：Cindy意识到她的第二个愿望实现了。 heard听见；explained解释；realized意识到；imagined想象。根据“the fruit became a seed again（”和“her second wish was granted”可知Cindy意识到愿望成真了，故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：几天后，Cindy找到了Paul叔叔的信，又读了一遍。 book书；postcard明信片；letter信；newspaper报纸。根据前文“Cindy got a letter...”可知此处是找到叔叔的信，故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：她冲出房门，快速跑到院子里找种子。 clearly清晰地；carefully仔细地；politely礼貌地；quickly快速地。根据“rushed out of the door”，可知此处Cindy是快速地跑向院子，故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：我希望我的家人能多些时间在一起。 class班级；family家人；friends朋友；neighbors邻居。根据后文“her parents”和“more family time”，可知此处是希望家人团聚，故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：尽管这似乎不可能，她还是决定耐心照顾这颗种子。 throw away扔掉；talk to和……交谈；look after照顾；search for寻找。根据“with patience”和后文“followed the steps carefully”可知Cindy是照顾种子，故选C。 【26题详解】 句意：Cindy了解了如何种西瓜的方法，然后仔细按照步骤操作。 how如何；why为什么；when何时；where哪里。根据“followed the steps carefully”可知她了解的是如何种西瓜，故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：当种子长成正常大小的西瓜时，她和朋友、邻居分享了这个西瓜。 watered浇水；protected保护；watched观看；shared分享。根据“with her friends and neighbors”可知此处是和朋友、邻居分享这个西瓜，故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：Cindy一家从西瓜里取出种子，之后种了更多。 for为了；from从……；behind在……后面；beside在……旁边。根据“got the seeds...the watermelon”可知此处应该是从西瓜里面取种子，故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：西瓜带来了额外的收入，所以Cindy的父母不用像以前那样外出工作了。 so所以；if如果；but但是；unless除非。“带来额外收入”和“不用外出工作”是因果关系，用“so”连接，故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：耐心点，生活会像西瓜一样甜蜜。 new新的；big大的；sweet甜蜜的；fresh新鲜的。根据前文“Everybody liked its taste”和“Cindy’s parents didn’t have to be away for work like before. They had more family time.”可知，西瓜的甜蜜和家庭团聚的幸福，故生活是甜蜜的，故选C。 四、阅读理解（共。15小题，每小题2分，计30分） A April 23 was World Book Day. To celebrate the students in Sunshine Middle School presented their favourite book on the school website. Here is the content of one of the books. The Wild World of Extreme (极端) Weather Table of Contents Introduction: Extreme Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯3 Part One: From One Extreme to Another Chapter 1: The World’s Hottest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 15 Chapter 2: The World’s Coldest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯43 Chapter 3: The World’s Wettest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ 69 Chapter 4: The World’s Driest Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯ ⋯ 95 Part Two: Severe Weather Events Chapter 5: Hurricanes and Tornadoes⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯ 123 Chapter 6: Blizzards and Other Storms⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯147 Chapter 7: Floods⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯179 Chapter 8: Lightning⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯201 Part Three: Weird Weather Chapter 9: Pink Snow and Other Colorful Weather⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯225 Chapter 10: It’s Raining Fish and Frogs—Really!⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯ ⋯⋯⋯⋯253 Glossary of Weather Terms⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯281 31. What do all the chapters in Part One describe? A. Some extreme weather events. B. Hot and cold weather. C. Differences between weather and climate. D. Dangerous weather conditions. 32. Where would you probably find “blue fog”? A. On Page 3. B. On Page 45. C. On Page 95. D. On Page 225. 33. Which form of text does the writer most probably use on Page 50? A. A form comparing (对比) winter temperatures. B. A photograph of a flooded city. C. A drawing of the features of storms. D. A map showing desert areas on Earth. 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以世界读书日为背景，展示了阳光中学学生推荐的书籍《极端天气的狂野世界》的目录，介绍了该书的三大部分 (不同类型极端天气、严重天气事件、奇异天气) 及对应的章节内容。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Part One: From One Extreme to Another | Chapter 1: The World’s Hottest Weather | Chapter 2: The World’s Coldest Weather | Chapter 3: The World’s Wettest Weather | Chapter 4: The World’s Driest Weather”可知，Part One的章节是“世界最热天气”、“世界最冷天气”、“世界最湿天气”、“世界最干天气”，核心是不同类型的极端天气事件。故选A。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Part Three: Weird Weather | Chapter 9: Pink Snow and Other Colorful Weather ⋯225”可知，彩色天气现象从225页开始；据此可以推断，可能在225页找到blue fog“蓝色雾”。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Chapter 2: The World’s Coldest Weather … 43”和“Chapter 3: The World’s Wettest Weather … 69”可知，P43—P68与最冷天气相关，内容应围绕低温现象展开；据此可以推断，在第50页上，作者最有可能使用冬季温度对比数据表格。故选A。 B He was the only gray cub(狼崽) of the she-wolf. The other cubs had red in their hair. He was gray like his father. He was the strongest cub. He showed more anger than his brothers and sisters. He made more noises. He was a carnivorous animal. He came of a breed of meat-killers and meat-eaters. His father and mother lived wholly upon meat. In his first months of life, he lived on mother’s milk, which was transformed directly from meat. And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for but a week, he was beginning himself to eat meat. There came a time when there was no meat. For many days the cubs did not eat. They were too weak and tired to play. One-Eye, the cub’s father, was killed in the fight over food. Even the she-wolf left the cave to find meat, but there was nothing. One by one, the cubs died. Only the she-wolf and the gray cub were left. One day the gray cub ran out of the cave to hunt for his own food. He met a weasel（黄鼠狼）of his size. The rat-like animal ran at him and bit his throat. He was nearly dead when the she-wolf arrived just in time to kill and eat it. The gray cub was not good at hunting yet, and still needed food from his mother. One day, the she-wolf brought him a lynx（猞猁）kitten. While eating, he heard great noise. The kitten’s mother had followed the she-wolf here. The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight, and they would fight to the death. The bite was enough to give the she-wolf the chance she needed. The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt. For a week, she did not move. The gray cub had to find food for both of them. Without his mother to take care of him, he learnt what life was about. Without meat there was no life. Animals had to eat other animals to survive. The law was: EAT OR BE EATEN. (—Taken from White Fang) 34. What does the underlined word “carnivorous” mean? A. Meat-eating. B. Grass-eating. C. Proud. D. Dangerous. 35. Which of the following can prove the law of meat? A The gray cub was the strongest cub. B. The gray cub made more noises. C. The she-lynx fought against the she-wolf. D. The gray cub was gray like his father, One-Eye. 36. Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5? A. Wolves live only on meat. B. He ran forward and bit one of her legs. C. Soon he was losing a lot of blood. D. He could not stop the lynx from biting him. 37. After reading the passage, we can infer (推断) _______. A. The cub’s brothers and sisters died of hunger. B. One-Eye, the father died from a fight for meat C. Life was easy for the she-wolf and the gray cub. D. The she-wolf came in time to kill and eat the weasel. 【答案】34. A 35. C 36. B 37. A 【解析】 【分析】短文是一篇故事，通过讲述动物捕食，阐释了肉的定律，动物必须吃其他动物才能生存。法律是：要么吃要么被吃掉。 【34题详解】 词义猜测题，Meat-eating.吃肉；Grass-eating.吃草；Proud.骄傲；Dangerous险恶，根据“He came of a breed of meat-killers and meat-eaters. His father and mother lived wholly upon meat.他出身于杀肉者和食肉者的后代。他的父亲和母亲完全靠吃肉为生。”，可知应该是说的是肉食动物，故选A。 【35题详解】 细节推理题，题干问的是“下列哪一项能证明肉的定律？”，根据“Without meat there was no life. Animals had to eat other animals to survive. The law was: EAT OR BE EATEN.没有肉就没有生命。动物必须吃其他动物才能生存。法律是：要么吃要么被吃掉。”，可知选项C The she-lynx fought against the she-wolf. 母山猫与母狼搏斗。符合，故选C。 【36题详解】 细节理解题，根据第五段中“The bite was enough to give the she-wolf the chance she needed.咬了一口就足以给母狼一个她需要的机会。”，再结合选项B. He ran forward and bit one of her legs. 他跑上前去咬了她的一条腿。符合前后文逻辑，跑过去咬了一口以给母狼机会，故选B。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Even the she-wolf left the cave to find meat, but there was nothing. One by one, the cubs died. Only the she-wolf and the gray cub were left.”可推测出幼崽的兄弟姐妹均为饿死，所以选A。 C I teach English in Russia. I really don’t like that class “Talk about your family”. The students say, “There are five people in my family. My mother, my father…” It sounds like all families are the same. Our families are one and only. All have their stories, jokes and so on. They’re the place where our personalities (性格) were made. We know our families so well that we even think they’re boring. Not at all. Families are the most special things. If you dig (挖掘) enough into your own, you will get everything for a great book. My mother started making our family tree years ago, not expecting to get far. However, reading the old records and visiting libraries, she got back 300 years. She found some old stories. What happened to the old big family farm? Where did the family fortune (财富) go in the 1870s? I’m the traveler in my family, and I love travelling. I always think I got it from a great-grandfather. My two favorite family heirlooms (传家宝) are a photo of him on a horse and a postcard from China. If you look at your family, you open a window to the past. When my mother, still putting the family tree together, asked me for a few names from my Russian wife’s family, my wife got on the phone to check a name or two. But she spent an hour talking with her mother. So you can see that some people start talking about their family stories and they might never stop. To go back to that English class, let’s look at some interesting ways to talk about families. English is rich in idioms (习语) to talk about family life. The black sheep of the family is someone who brings family trouble. If you’re true to your family, you can say “blood (血) is thicker than water”. “Who wears the trousers in your family?” means “Who’s the head of your family?” And stories behind them are what I want to hear. 38. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A. His family tree B. His family heirloom C. His love for travelling D. His family story 39. What can we learn from the passage? A. The writer doesn’t really like his teaching job in Russia. B. The writer wants to make a great book for his family. C. The writer’s mother visited libraries to get the family heirlooms. D. The writer’s wife is very interested in the family stories. 40. Amy decides almost everything in the family, so which of the following can describe her? A. Her blood is thicker than water. B. She is the black sheep of the family. C. She wears the trousers in the family. D. She is the breadwinner of the family. 41. What’s the best title of the passage? A. It’s interesting but hard to make a family tree. B. Every family in Russia is the same with five people. C. English idioms about family are useful in an English class. D. Each family has special stories and we should explore (探索) them. 【答案】38. C 39. D 40. C 41. D 【解析】 【导语】本文作者通过自己在俄罗斯的教学经历引出对家庭的思考，强调每个家庭都有独特的故事与传承，并介绍了几个与家庭相关的英语习语。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“I’m the traveler in my family, and I love travelling. I always think I got it from a great-grandfather.”可知，作者热爱旅行，并认为自己这种热爱是曾祖父传下来的，“it”指代前文的“love for travelling”。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“my wife got on the phone to check a name or two. But she spent an hour talking with her mother.”可知，作者的妻子与母亲长时间通话讨论家族故事，说明她对家族故事非常感兴趣。故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Who wears the trousers in your family?” means “Who’s the head of your family?”可知，这个习语意为“当家作主的人”。Amy在家庭中几乎决定所有事，因此“She wears the trousers in the family.”适合形容她。故选C。 【41题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕“每个家庭都有独特的故事”展开，作者通过家谱调查、家族传家宝、妻子与母亲的长谈等例子，强调探索家庭故事的价值，并在最后鼓励用更生动的方式谈论家庭。因此D项最能概括主旨。故选D。 D What is an ocean like? Bubbles rise. Before your eyes is a world of color and beauty. There are colorful fish, coral (珊瑚), and other forms of ocean life. Its coral can be millions of years old. Its Earth’s largest environment—the ocean. An ocean is a large body of salt water. Earth has five oceans that are all connected (连通). They cover more than 166 million square kilometers, or about one-third of the Earth. The Pacific Ocean is the largest. Millions of living things are found in Earth’s oceans. Almost all ocean life forms live in shallow (浅) waters that are 100 meters deep or less. Yet, most of the world’s oceans can be as deep as 1,500 meters or more. The bottom of the ocean is too cold and dark to support much life. ____________ Of all the animals in the ocean, the number of fish is the largest. Ocean animals have their own ways that help them live in their environment. The ocean is a wild place. Animals live in a changing environment. Some small fish feed on plants, and large fish eat smaller fish. Still larger animals, such as sharks, rule the underwater animal world. So how do animals stay safe in this environment? Some fish have special tails. Waving their bodies, they can swim quickly along the ocean floor. If a stingray (黄貂鱼) senses danger, in just a few seconds it will cover itself with some sand. Its skin is the same color as the sand. This camouflage is a way that the stingray and some other ocean animals stay safe under water. 42. What do we know about the ocean according to the passage? A. Most animals live near the bottom of the ocean. B. The Pacific Ocean covers one-third of the Earth. C. The ocean will become brighter as it gets deeper. D. It is the largest home for many animals in the world. 43. Which of the following headings can be filled in the blank? A. What do ocean animals look like? B. What do animals mainly live on? C. How do animals live under water? D. How do animals keep from danger? 44. Which of the following can also be shown as camouflage? A. Zebras run very fast to get away from large animals quickly. B. Some butterflies have brown wings that just look like dry leaves. C. Foxes will lie down and play dead when they meet larger animals. D. Rabbits can dig and hide in many holes to keep from being caught. 45. On which website can we probably read this passage? A. www. freedictionary. com/power B. www. mooc. cn/music C. www. nationalgeographic.com/culture D. www. space. com/spaceflight 【答案】42. D 43. C 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了海洋的特点和海洋生物的生存方式。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Its Earth’s largest environment—the ocean.”和“They cover more than 166 million square kilometers, or about one-third of the Earth.”可知，海洋是世界上许多动物最大的家园。故选D。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Ocean animals have their own ways that help them live in their environment.”可知，下文介绍的是海洋生物是如何在海洋环境中生存的。C项“动物是如何在水下生活的？”符合语境。故选C。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“If a stingray senses danger, in just a few seconds it will cover itself with some sand. Its skin is the same color as the sand.”可知，如果黄貂鱼感觉到危险，它会在几秒钟内用沙子覆盖自己。它的皮肤和沙子一样的颜色，这是一种伪装方式，camouflage表示“伪装”。结合选项可知，B选项“有些蝴蝶有棕色的翅膀，看起来就像枯叶。”符合伪装。故选B。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了海洋的特点和海洋生物的生存方式，可以在地理相关的网站上读到。故选C。 五、词汇运用（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分） 根据句意，用括号中所给的汉语提示或单词的适当形式填空，使句意完整，每空一词。 46. The radio says it is going to be even _________ (有雾的) tomorrow morning. 【答案】foggier 【解析】 【详解】句意：广播说明天早上雾会更大。foggy “有雾的”；由“even”可知，后接比较级，指明天的雾比今天的更大。故填foggier。 47. With countless ________ (努力) on all sides, the scary fire was finally controlled. 【答案】efforts 【解析】 【详解】句意：在各方无数的努力下，这场可怕的火灾终于被控制住了。 “努力”对应的英文名词是“effort”，这里是可数名词；前面有“countless（无数的）”修饰，所以要用复数形式“efforts”。故填efforts。 48. You can find ________ (印度) food, Western food or Japanese food in Singapore. 【答案】Indian 【解析】 【详解】句意：在新加坡你可以找到印度菜、西餐或者日本菜。 此处需要形容词修饰“food”，“印度”对应的形容词形式是“Indian（印度的）”，用来描述食物的类型，符合语境。故填Indian。 49. This empty box can ________ (容纳) up to 10 kilograms of books. 【答案】hold 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个空箱子能容纳重达10公斤的书。根据汉语提示可知，hold up to“容纳”，固定短语，情态动词“can”后需接动词原形。故填hold。 50. Children like playing in the snow on ________ (下雪的) days. 【答案】snowy 【解析】 【详解】句意：孩子们喜欢在下雪天在雪地里玩。根据汉语提示可知，snowy“下雪的”，形容词，修饰名词days，作定语。故填snowy。 51. Studying hard can lead to ________ (improve) your grades in the long run. 【答案】improving 【解析】 【详解】句意：从长远来看，努力学习能够带来成绩的提高。improve“提高”，动词，根据“Studying hard can lead to...your grades in the long run.”可知，lead to+名词/动名词“带来……”，此处应用动名词，improve的动名词为improving。故填improving。 52. To protect the environment, we should prevent people ________ (throw) rubbish carelessly. 【答案】throwing 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了保护环境，我们应该防止人们随意扔垃圾。throw扔，动词；“prevent sb. (from) doing sth.”是固定用法，意思是“阻止某人做某事”，所以此处需要用“throw”的动名词形式“throwing”，表示阻止人们随意扔垃圾。故填throwing。 53. Could you tell me what the book you borrowed is ________ (main) about? 【答案】mainly 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你借的这本书主要讲了什么吗？ 此处需要副词修饰介词短语“about…”，“main（主要的，形容词）”对应的副词是“mainly（主要地）”，符合“询问书的主要内容”的语境。故填mainly。 54. It’s a good idea to use carrots for ________ (snowman) noses. 【答案】snowmen’s 【解析】 【详解】句意：用胡萝卜做雪人的鼻子是个好主意。 此处需要表示“雪人的”（所属关系），“snowman”的复数形式是“snowmen”，其所有格形式为“snowmen’s”，用来修饰“noses”，符合“多个雪人的鼻子”的语境。故填snowmen’s。 55. If the temperature drops below 0℃, water will be ________. (freeze) 【答案】frozen 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果气温降到0摄氏度以下，水将会被冻结。主语“water”与动词freeze为被动关系，应用被动语态；句子结构是“will be+过去分词”，表示“将被……”；动词freeze的过去分词是frozen。故填frozen。 六、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文并根据短文内容回答问题。(每题答案不超过11个词) Scientists have long known that Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) sometimes use leaves or insects as medicine. Do you know they can also give “first aid (急救)” to each other? Scientists studying in Uganda found this. Chimpanzees are closely related to (相关的) humans, so scientists study them a lot. For example, when they are sick or hurt, they find ways to care for themselves. In 2021, Dr Elodie Freymann went to Uganda to study chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest. She wanted to learn how they deal with their injuries (伤口). Her team looked through 30 years of research (研究) records and spent eight months studying two groups of chimpanzees. They found 34 examples of chimpanzees taking care of their own injuries, often by licking (舔) themselves or using leaves. Sometimes, they chewed (咀嚼) plants and put them on injuries. Licking can clean cuts and stop infection (感染). Some plant leaves can do this, too. Even more interesting were the seven examples of chimpanzees helping others. In one example, a young chimp sucked (吸吮) on another one’s leg to help clean the injury. A big question is whether these actions are natural or taught. In one example, a young chimp watched her mother chew a leaf and put it on a cut. Freymann thinks some actions are natural, but others are taught. She plans to keep studying to find out more. 56. What did scientists in Uganda find about chimpanzees? _________________________________________________ 57. Why do scientists study a lot about chimpanzees? _________________________________________________ 58. How did Freymann’s team do their research? _________________________________________________ 59. What do chimpanzees often do to take care of their injuries? _________________________________________________ 60. What might the example in the last paragraph show? _________________________________________________ 【答案】56. Chimpanzees/They can (also) give “first aid” to each other. 57. Because chimpanzees/they are closely related to humans. 58. They looked through research records and studied two groups of chimpanzees./By looking through research records and studying two groups of chimpanzees. 59. They lick themselves or use leaves./They lick themselves, chew plants and put them on injuries. 60. (It might show that) Some chimpanzees’ actions are taught. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家在乌干达发现黑猩猩能互相进行“急救”，阐述了科学家研究黑猩猩的原因、研究方式、黑猩猩照顾伤口的方式以及相关行为是天生还是后天学习的问题。 【56题详解】 根据“Do you know they can also give ‘first aid (急救)’ to each other? Scientists studying in Uganda found this.”可知，在乌干达研究的科学家发现了，黑猩猩能互相进行“急救”这件事。故填Chimpanzees/They can (also) give “first aid” to each other. 【57题详解】 根据“Chimpanzees are closely related to (相关的) humans, so scientists study them a lot.”可知，因为黑猩猩与人类密切相关，所以科学家大量研究它们。故填Because chimpanzees/they are closely related to humans. 【58题详解】 根据“Her team looked through 30 years of research (研究) records and spent eight months studying two groups of chimpanzees.”可知，弗雷曼的团队查阅了研究记录并研究了两群黑猩猩。故填They looked through research records and studied two groups of chimpanzees./By looking through research records and studying two groups of chimpanzees. 【59题详解】 根据“They found 34 examples of chimpanzees taking care of their own injuries, often by licking (舔) themselves or using leaves. Sometimes, they chewed (咀嚼) plants and put them on injuries.”可知，黑猩猩经常通过舔自己、使用树叶、咀嚼植物并把它们放在伤口上来照顾自己的伤口。故填They lick themselves or use leaves./They lick themselves, chew plants and put them on injuries. 【60题详解】 根据“In one example, a young chimp watched her mother chew a leaf and put it on a cut. Freymann thinks some actions are natural, but others are taught.”可知，最后一段的例子可能表明一些黑猩猩的行为是后天习得的。故填(It might show that) Some chimpanzees’ actions are taught. 七、首字母填空（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 For only 20 yuan, Fang Wenjing could buy her lunch at a community canteen (社区食堂) in Hangzhou. She had a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all very delicious. “The dishes have a home-cooked t___61___.” said Fang. Community canteens have become more and more p___62___ in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook t___63___, so the community canteens help. Old people can have lunch or dinner within a 10-minute walk, and community workers can also send the dishes to them. Zhang Suxia, a worker at a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cooks made special m___64___ which are nice and have less oil (油) for the old. Now, the community canteens are b___65___ in more young people. For those who don’t want to order take-out food or eat at restaurants, the canteens o___66___ them better and cheaper dishes. The community canteens try their best to think of more ways to make people live e___67___ in the community. A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100 grams. The cost is l___68___ than that in the restaurants nearby. The rising (兴盛) of the community canteens can’t happen w___69___ the work of the local governments. They give subsidies (补贴) for b___70___ building the canteens and supporting the dining cost of the old people. There are now more than 6,700 community canteens in China, according to Tianyancha, a database company. 【答案】61. (t)aste 62. (p)opular 63. (t)hemselves 64. (m)eals 65. (b)ringing 66. (o)ffer 67. (e)asily 68. (l)ower 69. (w)ithout 70. (b)oth 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了社区食堂在中国的发展情况、服务对象、优势以及其兴盛背后当地政府所起的作用等。 【61题详解】 句意：这些菜有家常的味道。根据“The dishes have a home-cooked”和所给首字母可知，此处是介绍这些菜有家常的味道，home-cooked taste“家常的味道”。故填(t)aste。 【62题详解】 句意：最近，社区食堂在中国变得越来越受欢迎。结合上下文和“Community canteens have become more and more”以及所给首字母可知，社区食堂在中国变得越来越受欢迎，“受欢迎的”popular，此处为“more and more+形容词原级”的结果，表示“越来越……”。故填(p)opular。 【63题详解】 句意：对一些老人来说自己做饭可能很困难，所以社区食堂提供了帮助。根据“They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook ...so the community canteens help”和所给首字母可知，应是一些老人自己做饭有困难，cook oneself“自己做饭”，此处应用themselves“他们自己”。故填(t)hemselves。 【64题详解】 句意：杭州一家社区食堂的工作人员张素霞说，厨师们为老人做了特别的饭菜，既好吃又少油。根据“the cooks made special”和所给首字母可知，厨师应该是做饭，make meals“做饭”。故填(m)eals。 65题详解】 句意：现在，社区食堂正吸引着更多的年轻人。根据“For those who don’t want to order take-out food or eat at restaurants, the canteens...them better and cheaper dishes.”和所给首字母可知，社区食堂正吸引着更多的年轻人。bring in“收获，带来”。根据“Now”和“are”可知，句子为现在进行时，故空格处应用bring的现在分词形式。故填(b)ringing。 【66题详解】 句意：对于那些不想点外卖或在餐馆吃饭的人来说，食堂为他们提供了更好且更便宜的饭菜。根据“For those who don’t want to order take-out food or eat at restaurants, the canteens...them better and cheaper dishes”和所给首字母可知，社区食堂是为他们提供了更好且更便宜的饭菜，offer sb sth“提供某物给某人”。结合语境可知，句子为一般现在时，主语the canteens为复数，故谓语动词用原形。故填(o)ffer。 【67题详解】 句意：社区食堂尽力想出更多办法让人们在社区里轻松地生活。根据“The community canteens try their best to think of more ways to make people live”和所给首字母可知，社区食堂尽力想出更多办法让人们在社区里轻松地生活，空格处修饰动词live，应用副词“轻松地”easily。故填(e)asily。 【68题详解】 句意：费用比附近餐馆的要更低。根据“A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100 grams. The cost is...than that in the restaurants nearby.”和所给首字母可知，这些菜的售价为每100克2.48元，结合常识可知，这比餐馆的费用要更低，故此处应用“低的”low的比较级lower。故填(l)ower。 【69题详解】 句意：社区食堂的兴盛离不开当地政府的工作。根据“The rising (兴盛) of the community canteens can’t happen...the work of the local governments”和所给首字母可知，没有当地政府的工作，社区食堂的兴盛就无法发生，“没有”without。故填(w)ithout。 【70题详解】 句意：他们既对建设食堂给予补贴，又对老年人的用餐费用给予支持。根据“They give subsidies (补贴) for...building the canteens and supporting the dining cost of the old people.”可知，当地政府既对建设食堂给予补贴，又对老年人的用餐费用给予支持，both...and...“既……又……”。故填(b)oth。 八、书面表达（计30分） 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分） 71. 因此，大熊猫可能没有地方居住，也没有足够的食物吃。 _________________________________________________ 【答案】As a result, (giant) pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat./So (giant) pandas may have no place to live or enough food to eat. 【解析】 【详解】“因此”可以翻译为“as a result”或“so”；“大熊猫”译为“（giant） pandas”；“可能没有地方居住”中“可能”翻译为“may”，“没有地方居住”翻译为“not have a place to live”或“have no place to live”；“也没有足够的食物吃”中“也没有”用“or”连接并列结构，“足够的食物吃”翻译为“enough food to eat”。故填As a result, (giant) pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat./So (giant) pandas may have no place to live or enough food to eat. 72. 厚厚的白雪覆盖了一切。 __________________________________ 【答案】Everything is covered in deep white snow. 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】be covered in deep white snow被白雪覆盖着，由句意可知时态是一般现在时，主语everything接be动词is。故填Everything is covered in deep white snow. 73. 我认为花更多的时间和家人在一起是个不错的想法。 ________________________________________________ 【答案】I think it’s a good idea to spend more time with family members. 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语可知，I think“我认为”，后引导省略that的宾语从句；it’s a good idea to do sth“做某事是个好主意”；spend more time with family members“花更多的时间和家人在一起”。故填I think it’s a good idea to spend more time with family members. 74. 对我们来说，过上长寿且健康的生活比以前更难了。 _________________________________________________ 【答案】It is harder for us to live long and healthy lives than before./It is more difficult for us to live a long and healthy life than before. 【解析】 【详解】“对我们来说”for us；“过上……生活”live...life（这里根据表达习惯，一种用复数lives强调生活状态多样性，一种用单数life泛指一种生活）；“长寿且健康的”long and healthy；“比……更难”be harder/more difficult than；“以前”before；本句结合语境用“It is +形容词比较级+for sb. to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做……更……”。故填It is harder for us to live long and healthy lives than before./It is more difficult for us to live a long and healthy life than before. 75. 我们准备各种各样的食物来给她提供健康的饮食。 _________________________________________________ 【答案】We prepare all/different kinds of food (in order) to give/offer her a healthy diet./We prepare all/different kinds of food (in order) to provide her with a healthy diet. /We prepare all/different kinds of food (in order) to provide a healthy diet for her. 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句时态为一般现在时。“我们”翻译为“We”，做主语；“准备”翻译为“prepare”，做谓语动词；“各种各样的”翻译为“all/different kinds of”；“食物”是“food”； “来给她提供健康的饮食”，不定式短语表目的，用“（in order) to”连接；“给她提供”可译为“give/offer her”或“provide her with”；“健康的饮食”是“a healthy diet”，因此这部分可表达为“(in order) to give/offer her a healthy diet”或“(in order) to provide her with a healthy diet”。故填We prepare all/different kinds of food (in order) to give/offer her a healthy diet./We prepare all/different kinds of food (in order) to provide her with a healthy diet. /We prepare all/different kinds of food (in order) to provide a healthy diet for her. 写作（计20分） 76. 假设你将代表学校参加市里的对外宣传征文活动，主题为“你最喜爱哪个季节？”请你根据以下思维导图的内容，用英文写一篇短文来表达你的观点，并具体描写扬州在该季节中的特点，以及喜爱的原因。 要求： 1. 文章必须包含题干和思维导图中所有的要点，并适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分； 3. 词数不少于100词，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 My Favourite Season in Yangzhou Each season brings its own charm. For me, my favourite one in Yangzhou is _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Favourite Season in Yangzhou Each season brings its own charm. For me, my favourite one in Yangzhou is autumn. The weather is mild, neither too hot nor too cold, making it perfect for outdoor activities like hiking. Leaves turn golden and red, painting the city in warm hues and creating a picturesque view. Animals are busy preparing for winter, adding vitality to the scene. In autumn, I enjoy flying kites in parks and having picnics with friends under the clear sky. The Mid-Autumn Festival is also my favourite, when families gather to admire the full moon and eat delicious mooncakes. Autumn in Yangzhou fills me with joy, peace and a sense of contentment, making it my beloved season. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍自己最喜欢的季节； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“思维导图”中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“每个季节都有其独特的魅力”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“天气、动植物、季节活动、最喜欢的节日”几个方面重点介绍扬州秋季的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“秋季让自己充满喜悦、平静和满足”的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①neither...nor...既不……也不…… ②paint...in...用……描绘…… ③prepare for为……做准备 ④add...to...为……增添…… ⑤gather to do聚集做某事 [高分句型] ①Leaves turn golden and red, painting the city in warm hues and creating a picturesque view.（现在分词作状语） ②The Mid-Autumn Festival is also my favourite, when families gather to admire the full moon and eat delicious mooncakes.（定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $